jl_uv.c

// This file is a part of Julia. License is MIT: https://julialang.org/license

#include "platform.h"

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#ifdef _OS_WINDOWS_
#include <ws2tcpip.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#else
#include "errno.h"
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#endif

#include "julia.h"
#include "julia_internal.h"
#include "support/ios.h"
#include "uv.h"

#if defined(_COMPILER_MICROSOFT_) && !defined(write)
#include <io.h>
#define write _write
#endif

#include "julia_assert.h"

#ifdef __cplusplus
#include <cstring>
extern "C" {
#endif

static uv_async_t signal_async;

#ifdef _OS_WINDOWS_
// uv_async_t is buggy on windows. Initializing one breaks the sysimg build.
void jl_wake_libuv(void)
{
}

void jl_init_signal_async(void)
{
}
#else
static void jl_signal_async_cb(uv_async_t *hdl)
{
    // This should abort the current loop and the julia code it returns to
    // or the safepoint in the callers of `uv_run` should throw the exception.
    (void)hdl;
    uv_stop(jl_io_loop);
}

void jl_wake_libuv(void)
{
    uv_async_send(&signal_async);
}

void jl_init_signal_async(void)
{
    uv_async_init(jl_io_loop, &signal_async, jl_signal_async_cb);
}
#endif

void jl_uv_call_close_callback(jl_value_t *val)
{
    jl_value_t *args[2];
    args[0] = jl_get_global(jl_base_relative_to(((jl_datatype_t*)jl_typeof(val))->name->module),
            jl_symbol("_uv_hook_close")); // topmod(typeof(val))._uv_hook_close
    args[1] = val;
    assert(args[0]);
    jl_apply(args, 2); // TODO: wrap in try-catch?
}

static void jl_uv_closeHandle(uv_handle_t *handle)
{
    // if the user killed a stdio handle,
    // revert back to direct stdio FILE* writes
    // so that errors can still be reported
    if (handle == (uv_handle_t*)JL_STDIN)
        JL_STDIN = (JL_STREAM*)STDIN_FILENO;
    if (handle == (uv_handle_t*)JL_STDOUT)
        JL_STDOUT = (JL_STREAM*)STDOUT_FILENO;
    if (handle == (uv_handle_t*)JL_STDERR)
        JL_STDERR = (JL_STREAM*)STDERR_FILENO;
    // also let the client app do its own cleanup
    if (handle->type != UV_FILE && handle->data) {
        size_t last_age = jl_get_ptls_states()->world_age;
        jl_get_ptls_states()->world_age = jl_world_counter;
        jl_uv_call_close_callback((jl_value_t*)handle->data);
        jl_get_ptls_states()->world_age = last_age;
    }
    if (handle == (uv_handle_t*)&signal_async)
        return;
    free(handle);
}

static void jl_uv_flush_close_callback(uv_write_t *req, int status)
{
    uv_stream_t *stream = req->handle;
    req->handle = NULL;
    // ignore attempts to close the stream while attempting a graceful shutdown
#ifdef _OS_WINDOWS_
    if (stream->stream.conn.shutdown_req)
#else
    if (stream->shutdown_req)
#endif
    {
        free(req);
        return;
    }
    if (status == 0 && uv_is_writable(stream) && stream->write_queue_size != 0) {
        // new data was written, wait for it to flush too
        uv_buf_t buf;
        buf.base = (char*)(req + 1);
        buf.len = 0;
        req->data = NULL;
        if (uv_write(req, stream, &buf, 1, (uv_write_cb)jl_uv_flush_close_callback) == 0)
            return;
    }
    if (!uv_is_closing((uv_handle_t*)stream)) { // avoid double-close on the stream
        if (stream->type == UV_TTY)
            uv_tty_set_mode((uv_tty_t*)stream, UV_TTY_MODE_NORMAL);
        uv_close((uv_handle_t*)stream, &jl_uv_closeHandle);
    }
    free(req);
}

static void uv_flush_callback(uv_write_t *req, int status)
{
    *(int*)(req->data) = 1;
    uv_stop(req->handle->loop);
    free(req);
}

// Turn a normal write into a blocking write (primarly for use from C and gdb).
// Warning: This calls uv_run, so it can have unbounded side-effects.
// Be care where you call it from! - the libuv loop is also not reentrant.
void jl_uv_flush(uv_stream_t *stream)
{
    if (stream == (void*)STDIN_FILENO ||
        stream == (void*)STDOUT_FILENO ||
        stream == (void*)STDERR_FILENO)
        return;
    if (stream->type != UV_TTY &&
        stream->type != UV_TCP &&
        stream->type != UV_NAMED_PIPE)
        return;
    while (uv_is_writable(stream) && stream->write_queue_size != 0) {
        int fired = 0;
	uv_buf_t buf;
	buf.base = (char*)(&buf + 1);
	buf.len = 0;
        uv_write_t *write_req = (uv_write_t*)malloc(sizeof(uv_write_t));
        write_req->data = (void*)&fired;
        if (uv_write(write_req, stream, &buf, 1, uv_flush_callback) != 0)
            return;
        while (!fired) {
            uv_run(uv_default_loop(), UV_RUN_DEFAULT);
        }
    }
}

// getters and setters
JL_DLLEXPORT void *jl_uv_process_data(uv_process_t *p) { return p->data; }
JL_DLLEXPORT void *jl_uv_buf_base(const uv_buf_t *buf) { return buf->base; }
JL_DLLEXPORT size_t jl_uv_buf_len(const uv_buf_t *buf) { return buf->len; }
JL_DLLEXPORT void jl_uv_buf_set_base(uv_buf_t *buf, char *b) { buf->base = b; }
JL_DLLEXPORT void jl_uv_buf_set_len(uv_buf_t *buf, size_t n) { buf->len = n; }
JL_DLLEXPORT void *jl_uv_connect_handle(uv_connect_t *connect) { return connect->handle; }
JL_DLLEXPORT uv_os_fd_t jl_uv_file_handle(jl_uv_file_t *f) { return f->file; }
JL_DLLEXPORT void *jl_uv_req_data(uv_req_t *req) { return req->data; }
JL_DLLEXPORT void jl_uv_req_set_data(uv_req_t *req, void *data) { req->data = data; }
JL_DLLEXPORT void *jl_uv_handle_data(uv_handle_t *handle) { return handle->data; }
JL_DLLEXPORT void *jl_uv_write_handle(uv_write_t *req) { return req->handle; }

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_run_once(uv_loop_t *loop)
{
    jl_ptls_t ptls = jl_get_ptls_states();
    if (loop) {
        loop->stop_flag = 0;
        jl_gc_safepoint_(ptls);
        return uv_run(loop,UV_RUN_ONCE);
    }
    else return 0;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT void jl_run_event_loop(uv_loop_t *loop)
{
    jl_ptls_t ptls = jl_get_ptls_states();
    if (loop) {
        loop->stop_flag = 0;
        jl_gc_safepoint_(ptls);
        uv_run(loop,UV_RUN_DEFAULT);
    }
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_process_events(uv_loop_t *loop)
{
    jl_ptls_t ptls = jl_get_ptls_states();
    if (loop) {
        loop->stop_flag = 0;
        jl_gc_safepoint_(ptls);
        return uv_run(loop,UV_RUN_NOWAIT);
    }
    else return 0;
}

#ifndef _OS_WINDOWS_
#define UV_STREAM_READABLE 0x20   /* The stream is readable */
#define UV_STREAM_WRITABLE 0x40   /* The stream is writable */
#endif

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_pipe_open(uv_pipe_t *pipe, uv_os_fd_t fd, int readable, int writable)
{
    int err = uv_pipe_open(pipe, fd);
#ifndef _OS_WINDOWS_
    // clear flags set erroneously by libuv:
    if (!readable)
        pipe->flags &= ~UV_STREAM_READABLE;
    if (!writable)
        pipe->flags &= ~UV_STREAM_WRITABLE;
#endif
    return err;
}

static void jl_proc_exit_cleanup(uv_process_t *process, int64_t exit_status, int term_signal)
{
    uv_close((uv_handle_t*)process, (uv_close_cb)&free);
}

JL_DLLEXPORT void jl_close_uv(uv_handle_t *handle)
{
    if (handle->type == UV_PROCESS && ((uv_process_t*)handle)->pid != 0) {
        // take ownership of this handle,
        // so we can waitpid for the resource to exit and avoid leaving zombies
        assert(handle->data == NULL); // make sure Julia has forgotten about it already
        ((uv_process_t*)handle)->exit_cb = jl_proc_exit_cleanup;
        return;
    }

    if (handle->type == UV_FILE) {
        uv_fs_t req;
        jl_uv_file_t *fd = (jl_uv_file_t*)handle;
        if ((ssize_t)fd->file != -1) {
            uv_fs_close(handle->loop, &req, fd->file, NULL);
            fd->file = (uv_os_fd_t)(ssize_t)-1;
        }
        jl_uv_closeHandle(handle); // synchronous (ok since the callback is known to not interact with any global state)
        return;
    }

    if (handle->type == UV_NAMED_PIPE || handle->type == UV_TCP || handle->type == UV_TTY) {
        uv_write_t *req = (uv_write_t*)malloc(sizeof(uv_write_t));
        req->handle = (uv_stream_t*)handle;
        jl_uv_flush_close_callback(req, 0);
        return;
    }

    if (!uv_is_closing(handle)) {
        // avoid double-closing the stream
        uv_close(handle, &jl_uv_closeHandle);
    }
}

JL_DLLEXPORT void jl_forceclose_uv(uv_handle_t *handle)
{
    if (!uv_is_closing(handle)) {
        // avoid double-closing the stream
        uv_close(handle, &jl_uv_closeHandle);
    }
}

JL_DLLEXPORT void jl_uv_associate_julia_struct(uv_handle_t *handle,
                                               jl_value_t *data)
{
    handle->data = data;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT void jl_uv_disassociate_julia_struct(uv_handle_t *handle)
{
    handle->data = NULL;
}

#define UV_CLOSED 0x02 // UV_HANDLE_CLOSED on Windows (same value)

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_spawn(char *name, char **argv,
                          uv_loop_t *loop, uv_process_t *proc,
                          uv_stdio_container_t *stdio, int nstdio,
                          uint32_t flags, char **env, char *cwd, uv_exit_cb cb)
{
    uv_process_options_t opts;
    opts.stdio = stdio;
    opts.file = name;
    opts.env = env;
    opts.flags = flags;
    opts.cwd = cwd;
    opts.args = argv;
    opts.stdio_count = nstdio;
    while (nstdio--) {
        int flags = opts.stdio[nstdio].flags;
        if (!(flags == UV_INHERIT_FD || flags == UV_INHERIT_STREAM || flags == UV_IGNORE)) {
            proc->type = UV_PROCESS;
            proc->loop = loop;
            proc->flags = UV_CLOSED;
            return UV_EINVAL;
        }
    }
    opts.exit_cb = cb;
    return uv_spawn(loop, proc, &opts);
}

#ifdef _OS_WINDOWS_
#include <time.h>
JL_DLLEXPORT struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *t, struct tm *tm)
{
    struct tm *tmp = localtime(t); //localtime is reentrant on windows
    if (tmp)
        *tm = *tmp;
    return tmp;
}
#endif

JL_DLLEXPORT uv_loop_t *jl_global_event_loop(void)
{
    return jl_io_loop;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_fs_unlink(char *path)
{
    uv_fs_t req;
    JL_SIGATOMIC_BEGIN();
    int ret = uv_fs_unlink(jl_io_loop, &req, path, NULL);
    uv_fs_req_cleanup(&req);
    JL_SIGATOMIC_END();
    return ret;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_fs_rename(const char *src_path, const char *dst_path)
{
    uv_fs_t req;
    JL_SIGATOMIC_BEGIN();
    int ret = uv_fs_rename(jl_io_loop, &req, src_path, dst_path, NULL);
    uv_fs_req_cleanup(&req);
    JL_SIGATOMIC_END();
    return ret;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_fs_sendfile(uv_os_fd_t src_fd, uv_os_fd_t dst_fd,
                                int64_t in_offset, size_t len)
{
    uv_fs_t req;
    JL_SIGATOMIC_BEGIN();
    int ret = uv_fs_sendfile(jl_io_loop, &req, dst_fd, src_fd,
                             in_offset, len, NULL);
    uv_fs_req_cleanup(&req);
    JL_SIGATOMIC_END();
    return ret;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_fs_symlink(char *path, char *new_path, int flags)
{
    uv_fs_t req;
    int ret = uv_fs_symlink(jl_io_loop, &req, path, new_path, flags, NULL);
    uv_fs_req_cleanup(&req);
    return ret;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_fs_chmod(char *path, int mode)
{
    uv_fs_t req;
    int ret = uv_fs_chmod(jl_io_loop, &req, path, mode, NULL);
    uv_fs_req_cleanup(&req);
    return ret;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_fs_chown(char *path, int uid, int gid)
{
    uv_fs_t req;
    int ret = uv_fs_chown(jl_io_loop, &req, path, uid, gid, NULL);
    uv_fs_req_cleanup(&req);
    return ret;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_fs_write(uv_os_fd_t handle, const char *data, size_t len,
                             int64_t offset)
{
    jl_ptls_t ptls = jl_get_ptls_states();
    if (ptls->safe_restore || ptls->tid != 0)
#ifdef _OS_WINDOWS_
        return WriteFile(handle, data, len, NULL, NULL);
#else
        return write(handle, data, len);
#endif
    uv_fs_t req;
    uv_buf_t buf[1];
    buf[0].base = (char*)data;
    buf[0].len = len;
    if (!jl_io_loop)
        jl_io_loop = uv_default_loop();
    int ret = uv_fs_write(jl_io_loop, &req, handle, buf, 1, offset, NULL);
    uv_fs_req_cleanup(&req);
    return ret;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_fs_read(uv_os_fd_t handle, char *data, size_t len)
{
    uv_fs_t req;
    uv_buf_t buf[1];
    buf[0].base = data;
    buf[0].len = len;
    int ret = uv_fs_read(jl_io_loop, &req, handle, buf, 1, -1, NULL);
    uv_fs_req_cleanup(&req);
    return ret;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_fs_read_byte(uv_os_fd_t handle)
{
    uv_fs_t req;
    unsigned char c;
    uv_buf_t buf[1];
    buf[0].base = (char*)&c;
    buf[0].len = 1;
    int ret = uv_fs_read(jl_io_loop, &req, handle, buf, 1, -1, NULL);
    uv_fs_req_cleanup(&req);
    switch (ret) {
    case -1: return ret;
    case  0: jl_eof_error();
    case  1: return (int)c;
    default:
        assert(0 && "jl_fs_read_byte: Invalid return value from uv_fs_read");
        return -1;
    }
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_fs_close(uv_os_fd_t handle)
{
    uv_fs_t req;
    int ret = uv_fs_close(jl_io_loop, &req, handle, NULL);
    uv_fs_req_cleanup(&req);
    return ret;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_uv_write(uv_stream_t *stream, const char *data, size_t n,
                             uv_write_t *uvw, uv_write_cb writecb)
{
    uv_buf_t buf[1];
    buf[0].base = (char*)data;
    buf[0].len = n;
    JL_SIGATOMIC_BEGIN();
    int err = uv_write(uvw, stream, buf, 1, writecb);
    JL_SIGATOMIC_END();
    return err;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT void jl_uv_writecb(uv_write_t *req, int status)
{
    free(req);
    if (status < 0) {
        jl_safe_printf("jl_uv_writecb() ERROR: %s %s\n",
                       uv_strerror(status), uv_err_name(status));
    }
}

JL_DLLEXPORT void jl_uv_puts(uv_stream_t *stream, const char *str, size_t n)
{
    assert(stream);
    static_assert(offsetof(uv_stream_t,type) == offsetof(ios_t,bm) &&
        sizeof(((uv_stream_t*)0)->type) == sizeof(((ios_t*)0)->bm),
            "UV and ios layout mismatch");

    uv_os_fd_t fd = (uv_os_fd_t)(ssize_t)-1;

    // Fallback for output during early initialisation...
    if (stream == (void*)STDOUT_FILENO) {
        fd = UV_STDOUT_FD;
    }
    else if (stream == (void*)STDERR_FILENO) {
        fd = UV_STDERR_FD;
    }
    else if (stream->type == UV_FILE) {
        fd = ((jl_uv_file_t*)stream)->file;
    }

    // Hack to make CoreIO thread-safer
    jl_ptls_t ptls = jl_get_ptls_states();
    if (ptls->tid != 0) {
        if (stream == JL_STDOUT) {
            fd = UV_STDOUT_FD;
        }
        else if (stream == JL_STDERR) {
            fd = UV_STDERR_FD;
        }
    }

    if ((ssize_t)fd != -1) {
        // Write to file descriptor...
        jl_fs_write(fd, str, n, -1);
    }
    else if (stream->type > UV_HANDLE_TYPE_MAX) {
        // Write to ios.c stream...
        // This is needed because caller jl_static_show() in builtins.c can be
        // called from fl_print in flisp/print.c (via cvalue_printdata()),
        // and cvalue_printdata() passes ios_t* to jl_static_show().
        ios_write((ios_t*)stream, str, n);
    }
    else {
        // Write to libuv stream...
        uv_write_t *req = (uv_write_t*)malloc(sizeof(uv_write_t)+n);
        char *data = (char*)(req+1);
        memcpy(data,str,n);
        uv_buf_t buf[1];
        buf[0].base = data;
        buf[0].len = n;
        req->data = NULL;
        JL_SIGATOMIC_BEGIN();
        int status = uv_write(req, stream, buf, 1, (uv_write_cb)jl_uv_writecb);
        JL_SIGATOMIC_END();
        if (status < 0) {
            jl_uv_writecb(req, status);
        }
    }
}

JL_DLLEXPORT void jl_uv_putb(uv_stream_t *stream, uint8_t b)
{
    jl_uv_puts(stream, (char*)&b, 1);
}

JL_DLLEXPORT void jl_uv_putc(uv_stream_t *stream, uint32_t c)
{
    char s[4];
    int n = 1;
    s[0] = c >> 24;
    if ((s[1] = c >> 16)) {
        n++;
        if ((s[2] = c >> 8)) {
            n++;
            if ((s[3] = c)) {
                n++;
            }
        }
    }
    jl_uv_puts(stream, s, n);
}

extern int vasprintf(char **str, const char *fmt, va_list ap);

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_vprintf(uv_stream_t *s, const char *format, va_list args)
{
    char *str=NULL;
    int c;
    va_list al;
#if defined(_OS_WINDOWS_) && !defined(_COMPILER_MINGW_)
    al = args;
#else
    va_copy(al, args);
#endif

    c = vasprintf(&str, format, al);

    if (c >= 0) {
        jl_uv_puts(s, str, c);
        free(str);
    }
    va_end(al);
    return c;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_printf(uv_stream_t *s, const char *format, ...)
{
    va_list args;
    int c;

    va_start(args, format);
    c = jl_vprintf(s, format, args);
    va_end(args);
    return c;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT void jl_safe_printf(const char *fmt, ...)
{
    static char buf[1000];
    buf[0] = '\0';

    va_list args;
    va_start(args, fmt);
    // Not async signal safe on some platforms?
    vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, args);
    va_end(args);

    buf[999] = '\0';
    if (write(STDERR_FILENO, buf, strlen(buf)) < 0) {
        // nothing we can do; ignore the failure
    }
}

JL_DLLEXPORT void jl_exit(int exitcode)
{
    uv_tty_reset_mode();
    jl_atexit_hook(exitcode);
    exit(exitcode);
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_getpid(void)
{
#ifdef _OS_WINDOWS_
    return GetCurrentProcessId();
#else
    return getpid();
#endif
}

//NOTE: These function expects port/host to be in network byte-order (Big Endian)
JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_tcp_bind(uv_tcp_t *handle, uint16_t port, uint32_t host,
                             unsigned int flags)
{
    struct sockaddr_in addr;
    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
    addr.sin_port = port;
    addr.sin_addr.s_addr = host;
    addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    return uv_tcp_bind(handle, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, flags);
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_tcp_bind6(uv_tcp_t *handle, uint16_t port, void *host,
                              unsigned int flags)
{
    struct sockaddr_in6 addr;
    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6));
    addr.sin6_port = port;
    memcpy(&addr.sin6_addr, host, 16);
    addr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
    return uv_tcp_bind(handle, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, flags);
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_tcp_getsockname(uv_tcp_t *handle, uint16_t *port,
                                    void *host, uint32_t *family)
{
    int namelen;
    struct sockaddr_storage addr;
    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_storage));
    namelen = sizeof addr;
    int res = uv_tcp_getsockname(handle, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, &namelen);
    *family = addr.ss_family;
    if (addr.ss_family == AF_INET) {
        struct sockaddr_in *addr4 = (struct sockaddr_in*)&addr;
        *port = addr4->sin_port;
        memcpy(host, &(addr4->sin_addr), 4);
    }
    else if (addr.ss_family == AF_INET6) {
        struct sockaddr_in6 *addr6 = (struct sockaddr_in6*)&addr;
        *port = addr6->sin6_port;
        memcpy(host, &(addr6->sin6_addr), 16);
    }
    else {
        return -1;
    }
    return res;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_tcp_getpeername(uv_tcp_t *handle, uint16_t *port,
                                    void *host, uint32_t *family)
{
    int namelen;
    struct sockaddr_storage addr;
    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_storage));
    namelen = sizeof addr;
    int res = uv_tcp_getpeername(handle, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, &namelen);
    *family = addr.ss_family;
    if (addr.ss_family == AF_INET) {
        struct sockaddr_in *addr4 = (struct sockaddr_in*)&addr;
        *port = addr4->sin_port;
        memcpy(host, &(addr4->sin_addr), 4);
    }
    else if (addr.ss_family == AF_INET6) {
        struct sockaddr_in6 *addr6 = (struct sockaddr_in6*)&addr;
        *port = addr6->sin6_port;
        memcpy(host, &(addr6->sin6_addr), 16);
    }
    else {
        return -1;
    }
    return res;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_udp_bind(uv_udp_t *handle, uint16_t port, uint32_t host,
                             uint32_t flags)
{
    struct sockaddr_in addr;
    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
    addr.sin_port = port;
    addr.sin_addr.s_addr = host;
    addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    return uv_udp_bind(handle, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, flags);
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_udp_bind6(uv_udp_t *handle, uint16_t port, void *host,
                              uint32_t flags)
{
    struct sockaddr_in6 addr;
    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6));
    addr.sin6_port = port;
    memcpy(&addr.sin6_addr, host, 16);
    addr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
    return uv_udp_bind(handle, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, flags);
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_udp_send(uv_udp_t *handle, uint16_t port, uint32_t host,
                             void *data, uint32_t size, uv_udp_send_cb cb)
{
    struct sockaddr_in addr;
    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
    addr.sin_port = port;
    addr.sin_addr.s_addr = host;
    addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    uv_buf_t buf[1];
    buf[0].base = (char *) data;
    buf[0].len = size;
    uv_udp_send_t *req = (uv_udp_send_t*)malloc(sizeof(uv_udp_send_t));
    req->data = handle->data;
    return uv_udp_send(req, handle, buf, 1, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, cb);
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_udp_send6(uv_udp_t *handle, uint16_t port, void *host,
                              void *data, uint32_t size, uv_udp_send_cb cb)
{
    struct sockaddr_in6 addr;
    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6));
    addr.sin6_port = port;
    memcpy(&addr.sin6_addr, host, 16);
    addr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
    uv_buf_t buf[1];
    buf[0].base = (char *) data;
    buf[0].len = size;
    uv_udp_send_t *req = (uv_udp_send_t *) malloc(sizeof(uv_udp_send_t));
    req->data = handle->data;
    return uv_udp_send(req, handle, buf, 1, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, cb);
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_uv_sizeof_interface_address(void)
{
    return sizeof(uv_interface_address_t);
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_uv_interface_addresses(uv_interface_address_t **ifAddrStruct,
                                           int *count)
{
    return uv_interface_addresses(ifAddrStruct,count);
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_uv_interface_address_is_internal(uv_interface_address_t *addr)
{
    return addr->is_internal;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT struct sockaddr_in *jl_uv_interface_address_sockaddr(uv_interface_address_t *ifa)
{
    return &ifa->address.address4;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_getaddrinfo(uv_loop_t *loop, uv_getaddrinfo_t *req,
        const char *host, const char *service, uv_getaddrinfo_cb uvcb)
{
    struct addrinfo hints;
    memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
    hints.ai_family = PF_UNSPEC;
    hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
    hints.ai_flags |= AI_CANONNAME;

    req->data = NULL;
    return uv_getaddrinfo(loop, req, uvcb, host, service, &hints);
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_getnameinfo(uv_loop_t *loop, uv_getnameinfo_t *req,
        uint32_t host, uint16_t port, int flags, uv_getnameinfo_cb uvcb)
{
    struct sockaddr_in addr;
    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
    addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    addr.sin_addr.s_addr = host;
    addr.sin_port = port;

    req->data = NULL;
    return uv_getnameinfo(loop, req, uvcb, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, flags);
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_getnameinfo6(uv_loop_t *loop, uv_getnameinfo_t *req,
        void *host, uint16_t port, int flags, uv_getnameinfo_cb uvcb)
{
    struct sockaddr_in6 addr;
    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
    addr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
    memcpy(&addr.sin6_addr, host, 16);
    addr.sin6_port = port;

    req->data = NULL;
    return uv_getnameinfo(loop, req, uvcb, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, flags);
}


JL_DLLEXPORT struct sockaddr *jl_sockaddr_from_addrinfo(struct addrinfo *addrinfo)
{
    return addrinfo->ai_addr;
}
JL_DLLEXPORT struct addrinfo *jl_next_from_addrinfo(struct addrinfo *addrinfo)
{
    return addrinfo->ai_next;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_sockaddr_in_is_ip4(struct sockaddr_in *addr)
{
    return (addr->sin_family==AF_INET);
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_sockaddr_in_is_ip6(struct sockaddr_in *addr)
{
    return (addr->sin_family==AF_INET6);
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_sockaddr_is_ip4(struct sockaddr_storage *addr)
{
    return (addr->ss_family==AF_INET);
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_sockaddr_is_ip6(struct sockaddr_storage *addr)
{
    return (addr->ss_family==AF_INET6);
}

JL_DLLEXPORT unsigned int jl_sockaddr_host4(struct sockaddr_in *addr)
{
    return addr->sin_addr.s_addr;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT unsigned int jl_sockaddr_host6(struct sockaddr_in6 *addr, char *host)
{
    memcpy(host, &addr->sin6_addr, 16);
    return addr->sin6_scope_id;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT void jl_sockaddr_set_port(struct sockaddr_storage *addr,
                                       uint16_t port)
{
    if (addr->ss_family==AF_INET)
        ((struct sockaddr_in*)addr)->sin_port = port;
    else
        ((struct sockaddr_in6*)addr)->sin6_port = port;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_tcp4_connect(uv_tcp_t *handle,uint32_t host, uint16_t port,
                                 uv_connect_cb cb)
{
    struct sockaddr_in addr;
    uv_connect_t *req = (uv_connect_t*)malloc(sizeof(uv_connect_t));
    req->data = 0;
    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
    addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    addr.sin_addr.s_addr = host;
    addr.sin_port = port;
    return uv_tcp_connect(req,handle,(struct sockaddr*)&addr,cb);
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_tcp6_connect(uv_tcp_t *handle, void *host, uint16_t port,
                                 uv_connect_cb cb)
{
    struct sockaddr_in6 addr;
    uv_connect_t *req = (uv_connect_t*)malloc(sizeof(uv_connect_t));
    req->data = 0;
    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6));
    addr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
    memcpy(&addr.sin6_addr, host, 16);
    addr.sin6_port = port;
    return uv_tcp_connect(req,handle,(struct sockaddr*)&addr,cb);
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_connect_raw(uv_tcp_t *handle,struct sockaddr_storage *addr,
                                uv_connect_cb cb)
{
    uv_connect_t *req = (uv_connect_t*)malloc(sizeof(uv_connect_t));
    req->data = 0;
    return uv_tcp_connect(req,handle,(struct sockaddr*)addr,cb);
}

#ifdef _OS_LINUX_
JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_tcp_quickack(uv_tcp_t *handle, int on)
{
    int fd = (handle)->io_watcher.fd;
    if (fd != -1) {
        if (setsockopt(fd, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_QUICKACK, &on, sizeof(on))) {
            return -1;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

#endif

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_has_so_reuseport(void)
{
#if defined(SO_REUSEPORT)
    return 1;
#else
    return 0;
#endif
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_tcp_reuseport(uv_tcp_t *handle)
{
#if defined(SO_REUSEPORT)
    int fd = (handle)->io_watcher.fd;
    int yes = 1;
    if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEPORT, &yes, sizeof(yes))) {
        return -1;
    }
    return 0;
#else
    return -1;
#endif
}

#ifndef _OS_WINDOWS_

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_uv_unix_fd_is_watched(int fd, uv_poll_t *handle,
                                          uv_loop_t *loop)
{
    if (fd >= loop->nwatchers)
        return 0;
    if (loop->watchers[fd] == NULL)
        return 0;
    if (handle && loop->watchers[fd] == &handle->io_watcher)
        return 0;
    return 1;
}

#endif

#ifdef _OS_WINDOWS_
static inline int ishexchar(char c)
{
   if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') return 1;
   if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') return 1;
   return 0;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_ispty(uv_pipe_t *pipe)
{
    if (pipe->type != UV_NAMED_PIPE) return 0;
    size_t len = 0;
    if (uv_pipe_getpeername(pipe, NULL, &len) != UV_ENOBUFS) return 0;
    char *name = (char*)alloca(len + 1);
    if (uv_pipe_getpeername(pipe, name, &len)) return 0;
    name[len] = '\0';
    // return true if name matches regex:
    // ^\\\\?\\pipe\\(msys|cygwin)-[0-9a-z]{16}-[pt]ty[1-9][0-9]*-
    //jl_printf(JL_STDERR,"pipe_name: %s\n", name);
    int n = 0;
    if (!strncmp(name,"\\\\?\\pipe\\msys-",14))
        n = 14;
    else if (!strncmp(name,"\\\\?\\pipe\\cygwin-",16))
        n = 16;
    else
        return 0;
    //jl_printf(JL_STDERR,"prefix pass\n");
    name += n;
    for (int n = 0; n < 16; n++)
        if (!ishexchar(*name++)) return 0;
    //jl_printf(JL_STDERR,"hex pass\n");
    if ((*name++)!='-') return 0;
    if (*name != 'p' && *name != 't') return 0;
    name++;
    if (*name++ != 't' || *name++ != 'y') return 0;
    //jl_printf(JL_STDERR,"tty pass\n");
    return 1;
}
#endif

JL_DLLEXPORT uv_handle_type jl_uv_handle_type(uv_handle_t *handle)
{
#ifdef _OS_WINDOWS_
    if (jl_ispty((uv_pipe_t*)handle))
        return UV_TTY;
#endif
    return handle->type;
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_tty_set_mode(uv_tty_t *handle, int mode)
{
    if (handle->type != UV_TTY) return 0;
    uv_tty_mode_t mode_enum = UV_TTY_MODE_NORMAL;
    if (mode)
        mode_enum = UV_TTY_MODE_RAW;
    return uv_tty_set_mode(handle, mode_enum);
}

typedef int (*work_cb_t)(void *, void *);
typedef void (*notify_cb_t)(int);

struct work_baton {
    uv_work_t req;
    work_cb_t work_func;
    void      *work_args;
    void      *work_retval;
    notify_cb_t notify_func;
    int       tid;
    int       notify_idx;
};

#ifdef _OS_LINUX_
#include <sys/syscall.h>
#endif

void jl_work_wrapper(uv_work_t *req)
{
    struct work_baton *baton = (struct work_baton*) req->data;
    baton->work_func(baton->work_args, baton->work_retval);
}

void jl_work_notifier(uv_work_t *req, int status)
{
    struct work_baton *baton = (struct work_baton*) req->data;
    baton->notify_func(baton->notify_idx);
    free(baton);
}

JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_queue_work(work_cb_t work_func, void *work_args, void *work_retval,
                               notify_cb_t notify_func, int notify_idx)
{
    struct work_baton *baton = (struct work_baton*) malloc(sizeof(struct work_baton));
    baton->req.data = (void*) baton;
    baton->work_func = work_func;
    baton->work_args = work_args;
    baton->work_retval = work_retval;
    baton->notify_func = notify_func;
    baton->notify_idx = notify_idx;

    uv_queue_work(jl_io_loop, &baton->req, jl_work_wrapper, jl_work_notifier);

    return 0;
}

#ifndef _OS_WINDOWS_
#if defined(__APPLE__)
int uv___stream_fd(uv_stream_t *handle);
#define uv__stream_fd(handle) (uv___stream_fd((uv_stream_t*)(handle)))
#else
#define uv__stream_fd(handle) ((handle)->io_watcher.fd)
#endif /* defined(__APPLE__) */
JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_uv_handle(uv_stream_t *handle)
{
    return uv__stream_fd(handle);
}
#else
JL_DLLEXPORT HANDLE jl_uv_handle(uv_stream_t *handle)
{
    switch (handle->type) {
    case UV_TTY:
        return ((uv_tty_t*)handle)->handle;
    case UV_NAMED_PIPE:
        return ((uv_pipe_t*)handle)->handle;
    default:
        return INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
    }
}
#endif

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif