diff --git a/.cross_rubies b/.cross_rubies
index 234b75d57f..35488a2a5e 100644
--- a/.cross_rubies
+++ b/.cross_rubies
@@ -1,24 +1,28 @@
-3.0.0:i686-w64-mingw32
-3.0.0:x86_64-w64-mingw32
-3.0.0:i686-linux-gnu
-3.0.0:x86_64-linux-gnu
-3.0.0:x86_64-darwin
-3.0.0:arm64-darwin
-2.7.0:i686-w64-mingw32
-2.7.0:x86_64-w64-mingw32
-2.7.0:i686-linux-gnu
-2.7.0:x86_64-linux-gnu
-2.7.0:x86_64-darwin
-2.7.0:arm64-darwin
-2.6.0:i686-w64-mingw32
-2.6.0:x86_64-w64-mingw32
-2.6.0:i686-linux-gnu
-2.6.0:x86_64-linux-gnu
-2.6.0:x86_64-darwin
+2.6.0:aarch64-linux
 2.6.0:arm64-darwin
-2.5.0:i686-w64-mingw32
-2.5.0:x86_64-w64-mingw32
-2.5.0:i686-linux-gnu
-2.5.0:x86_64-linux-gnu
-2.5.0:x86_64-darwin
-2.5.0:arm64-darwin
+2.6.0:x64-mingw32
+2.6.0:x86-linux
+2.6.0:x86-mingw32
+2.6.0:x86_64-darwin
+2.6.0:x86_64-linux
+2.7.0:aarch64-linux
+2.7.0:arm64-darwin
+2.7.0:x64-mingw32
+2.7.0:x86-linux
+2.7.0:x86-mingw32
+2.7.0:x86_64-darwin
+2.7.0:x86_64-linux
+3.0.0:aarch64-linux
+3.0.0:arm64-darwin
+3.0.0:x64-mingw32
+3.0.0:x86-linux
+3.0.0:x86-mingw32
+3.0.0:x86_64-darwin
+3.0.0:x86_64-linux
+3.1.0:aarch64-linux
+3.1.0:arm64-darwin
+3.1.0:x64-mingw-ucrt
+3.1.0:x86-linux
+3.1.0:x86-mingw32
+3.1.0:x86_64-darwin
+3.1.0:x86_64-linux
diff --git a/.editorconfig b/.editorconfig
index e5dd4f83fd..fb6e656d50 100644
--- a/.editorconfig
+++ b/.editorconfig
@@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ indent_size = 2
 
 [**.java]
 indent_style = space
-indent_size = 4
+indent_size = 2
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..50b05b092e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,320 @@
+name: ci
+concurrency:
+  group: "${{github.workflow}}-${{github.ref}}"
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: "0 8 * * 3" # At 08:00 on Wednesday # https://crontab.guru/#0_8_*_*_3
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - v*.*.x
+    tags:
+      - v*.*.*
+  pull_request:
+    types: [opened, synchronize]
+    branches:
+      - '*'
+
+jobs:
+  rubocop:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:mri-3.1
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - run: bundle install --local || bundle install
+      - run: bundle exec rake rubocop
+
+  gumbo:
+    needs: ["rubocop"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        plat: ["ubuntu", "windows", "macos"]
+    runs-on: ${{matrix.plat}}-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: configure git crlf
+        if: matrix.plat == 'windows'
+        run: |
+          git config --system core.autocrlf false
+          git config --system core.eol lf
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: MSP-Greg/setup-ruby-pkgs@v1
+        with:
+          ruby-version: "3.0" # OK for now, until ruby 3.1 CI is stable
+          apt-get: "ragel"
+          brew: "ragel"
+          mingw: "ragel"
+          bundler-cache: true
+      - run: bundle exec rake gumbo:test
+
+  basic:
+    needs: ["rubocop"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        image: ["ubuntu", "ubuntu32"]
+        sys: ["enable"]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:${{matrix.image}}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v1 # v1 because of https://github.com/actions/checkout/issues/334
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - run: bundle install --local || bundle install
+      - run: bundle exec rake compile -- --${{matrix.sys}}-system-libraries
+      - run: bundle exec rake test
+
+  linux:
+    needs: ["basic"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        sys: ["enable", "disable"]
+        ruby: ["2.6", "2.7", "3.0", "3.1"]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:mri-${{matrix.ruby}}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: actions/cache@v2
+        if: matrix.sys == 'disable'
+        with:
+          path: ports
+          key: ports-ubuntu-${{hashFiles('dependencies.yml', 'patches/**/*.patch')}}
+      - run: bundle install --local || bundle install
+      - run: bundle exec rake compile -- --${{matrix.sys}}-system-libraries
+      - run: bundle exec rake test
+
+  valgrind:
+    needs: ["linux"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        sys: ["enable", "disable"]
+        ruby: ["2.6", "2.7", "3.0", "3.1"]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:mri-${{matrix.ruby}}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: actions/cache@v2
+        if: matrix.sys == 'disable'
+        with:
+          path: ports
+          key: ports-ubuntu-${{hashFiles('dependencies.yml', 'patches/**/*.patch')}}
+      - run: bundle install --local || bundle install
+      - run: bundle exec rake compile -- --${{matrix.sys}}-system-libraries
+      - run: bundle exec rake test:valgrind
+
+  musl:
+    needs: ["basic"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        sys: ["enable"]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:alpine
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v1 # v1 because of https://github.com/actions/checkout/issues/334
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      # skip cache because of https://github.com/actions/cache/issues/675
+      - run: bundle install --local || bundle install
+      - run: bundle exec rake compile -- --${{matrix.sys}}-system-libraries
+      - run: bundle exec rake test
+
+  musl-valgrind:
+    needs: ["musl"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        sys: ["disable"]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:alpine
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v1 # v1 because of https://github.com/actions/checkout/issues/334
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      # skip cache because of https://github.com/actions/cache/issues/675
+      - run: bundle install --local || bundle install
+      - run: bundle exec rake compile -- --${{matrix.sys}}-system-libraries
+      - run: bundle exec rake test:valgrind
+
+  libxmlruby:
+    needs: ["basic"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        sys: ["enable"]
+        ruby: ["3.1"]
+    env:
+      BUNDLE_GEMFILE: "Gemfile-libxml-ruby"
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:mri-${{matrix.ruby}}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: actions/cache@v2
+        if: matrix.sys == 'disable'
+        with:
+          path: ports
+          key: ports-ubuntu-${{hashFiles('dependencies.yml', 'patches/**/*.patch')}}
+      - run: bundle install --local || bundle install
+      - run: bundle exec rake compile -- --${{matrix.sys}}-system-libraries
+      - run: bundle exec rake test
+
+  libxmlruby-valgrind:
+    needs: ["libxmlruby"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        sys: ["disable"]
+        ruby: ["3.1"]
+    env:
+      BUNDLE_GEMFILE: "Gemfile-libxml-ruby"
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:mri-${{matrix.ruby}}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: actions/cache@v2
+        if: matrix.sys == 'disable'
+        with:
+          path: ports
+          key: ports-ubuntu-${{hashFiles('dependencies.yml', 'patches/**/*.patch')}}
+      - run: bundle install --local || bundle install
+      - run: bundle exec rake compile -- --${{matrix.sys}}-system-libraries
+      - run: bundle exec rake test:valgrind
+
+  osx:
+    needs: ["basic"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        sys: ["enable", "disable"]
+        ruby: ["2.6", "2.7", "3.0", "3.1"]
+    runs-on: macos-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
+        with:
+          ruby-version: ${{matrix.ruby}}
+          bundler-cache: true
+      - uses: actions/cache@v2
+        if: matrix.sys == 'disable'
+        with:
+          path: ports
+          key: ports-macos-${{hashFiles('dependencies.yml', 'patches/**/*.patch')}}
+      - run: bundle exec rake compile -- --${{matrix.sys}}-system-libraries
+      - run: bundle exec rake test
+
+  windows:
+    needs: ["basic"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        sys: ["enable", "disable"]
+        ruby: ["2.6", "2.7", "3.0", "3.1", "mingw"]
+    runs-on: windows-2022
+    steps:
+      - name: configure git crlf
+        run: |
+          git config --system core.autocrlf false
+          git config --system core.eol lf
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: MSP-Greg/setup-ruby-pkgs@v1
+        with:
+          ruby-version: "${{matrix.ruby}}"
+          mingw: "libxml2 libxslt"
+          bundler-cache: true
+      - uses: actions/cache@v2
+        if: matrix.sys == 'disable'
+        with:
+          path: ports
+          key: ports-windows-${{hashFiles('dependencies.yml', 'patches/**/*.patch')}}
+      - run: bundle exec rake compile -- --${{matrix.sys}}-system-libraries
+      - run: bundle exec rake test
+
+  jruby:
+    needs: ["basic"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        ruby: ["jruby-9.3"]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
+        with:
+          ruby-version: ${{matrix.ruby}}
+          bundler-cache: true
+      - run: bundle exec rake compile
+      - run: bundle exec rake test
+
+  bsd:
+    continue-on-error: true # we're seeing VMs hang and fail the whole workflow
+    needs: ["basic"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        sys: ["enable", "disable"]
+    runs-on: macos-12
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: vmactions/freebsd-vm@v0.2.0
+        with:
+          usesh: true
+          prepare: pkg install -y ruby devel/ruby-gems pkgconf libxml2 libxslt
+          run: |
+            gem install bundler
+            bundle install --local || bundle install
+            bundle exec rake compile -- --${{matrix.sys}}-system-libraries
+            bundle exec rake test
+
+  memcheck:
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        sys: ["disable"]
+        ruby: ["3.1"]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:mri-${{matrix.ruby}}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: actions/cache@v2
+        if: matrix.sys == 'disable'
+        with:
+          path: ports
+          key: ports-ubuntu-${{hashFiles('dependencies.yml', 'patches/**/*.patch')}}
+      - run: bundle install --local || bundle install
+      - run: bundle exec rake compile -- --${{matrix.sys}}-system-libraries
+      - run: bundle exec rake test:memcheck
diff --git a/.github/workflows/downstream.yml b/.github/workflows/downstream.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7278f3f546
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/downstream.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+name: downstream
+concurrency:
+  group: "${{github.workflow}}-${{github.ref}}"
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: "0 8 * * 1,3,5" # At 08:00 on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday # https://crontab.guru/#0_8_*_*_1,3,5
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - v*.*.x
+    tags:
+      - v*.*.*
+  pull_request:
+    types: [opened, synchronize]
+    branches:
+      - '*'
+
+jobs:
+  downstream:
+    name: downstream-${{matrix.name}}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - url: https://github.com/flavorjones/loofah
+            name: loofah
+            command: "bundle exec rake test"
+          - url: https://github.com/rails/rails-html-sanitizer
+            name: rails-html-sanitizer
+            command: "bundle exec rake test"
+          - url: https://github.com/rgrove/sanitize
+            name: sanitize
+            command: "bundle exec rake test"
+          - url: https://github.com/ebeigarts/signer
+            name: signer
+            command: "bundle exec rake spec"
+          - url: https://github.com/WinRb/Viewpoint
+            name: viewpoint
+            command: "bundle exec rspec spec"
+          - url: https://github.com/rails/rails
+            name: xmlmini
+            command: "cd activesupport && bundle exec rake test TESTOPTS=-n/XmlMini/"
+          - url: https://github.com/pythonicrubyist/creek
+            name: creek
+            command: "bundle exec rake spec"
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:mri-3.1
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: actions/cache@v2
+        with:
+          path: ports
+          key: ports-ubuntu-${{hashFiles('dependencies.yml', 'patches/**/*.patch')}}
+      - run: bundle install --local || bundle install
+      - run: bundle exec rake compile
+      - run: |
+          git clone --depth=1 ${{matrix.url}} ${{matrix.name}}
+          cd ${{matrix.name}}
+          if grep nokogiri Gemfile ; then
+            sed -i 's/\(.*nokogiri.*\)/\1, path: ".."/' Gemfile
+          else
+            echo "gem 'nokogiri', path: '..'" >> Gemfile
+          fi
+          if egrep "add_development_dependency.*\bbundler\b" *gemspec ; then
+            sed -i 's/.*add_development_dependency.*\bbundler\b.*//' *gemspec
+          fi
+          bundle install --local || bundle install
+          ${{matrix.command}}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/gem-install.yml b/.github/workflows/gem-install.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..16440f71a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/gem-install.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,337 @@
+name: gem-install
+concurrency:
+  group: "${{github.workflow}}-${{github.ref}}"
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - v*.*.x
+    tags:
+      - v*.*.*
+  pull_request:
+    types: [opened, synchronize]
+    branches:
+      - '*'
+
+jobs:
+  cruby-package:
+    name: "cruby-package"
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container:
+      image: "larskanis/rake-compiler-dock-mri-x86_64-linux:1.2.2"
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: actions/cache@v2
+        with:
+          path: ports/archives
+          key: tarballs-ubuntu-${{hashFiles('dependencies.yml', 'patches/**/*.patch')}}
+      - run: ./scripts/test-gem-build gems ruby
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: cruby-gem
+          path: gems
+          retention-days: 1
+
+  cruby-linux-install:
+    needs: ["cruby-package"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        sys: ["enable", "disable"]
+        ruby: ["2.6", "2.7", "3.0", "3.1", "head"]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: MSP-Greg/setup-ruby-pkgs@v1
+        with:
+          ruby-version: "${{matrix.ruby}}"
+          apt-get: "libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev pkg-config"
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: cruby-gem
+          path: gems
+      - run: ./scripts/test-gem-install gems --${{matrix.sys}}-system-libraries
+
+  cruby-osx-install:
+    needs: ["cruby-package"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        sys: ["enable", "disable"]
+    runs-on: macos-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
+        with:
+          ruby-version: "3.1"
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: cruby-gem
+          path: gems
+      - run: ./scripts/test-gem-install gems --${{matrix.sys}}-system-libraries
+
+  cruby-windows-install:
+    needs: ["cruby-package"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        sys: ["enable", "disable"]
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: MSP-Greg/setup-ruby-pkgs@v1
+        with:
+          ruby-version: "3.0"
+          mingw: "libxml2 libxslt"
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: cruby-gem
+          path: gems
+      - run: |
+          gem install --verbose --no-document gems/*.gem -- --${{matrix.sys}}-system-libraries
+          gem list -d nokogiri
+          nokogiri -v
+
+  cruby-windows-install-ucrt:
+    needs: ["cruby-package"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        sys: ["enable", "disable"]
+    runs-on: windows-2022
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: MSP-Greg/setup-ruby-pkgs@v1
+        with:
+          ruby-version: "3.1"
+          mingw: "libxml2 libxslt"
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: cruby-gem
+          path: gems
+      - run: |
+          gem install --verbose --no-document gems/*.gem -- --${{matrix.sys}}-system-libraries
+          gem list -d nokogiri
+          nokogiri -v
+
+  cruby-native-package:
+    name: "cruby-native-package"
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        plat:
+          - "aarch64-linux"
+          # - "arm64-darwin" # github actions does not support this as of 2022-01
+          - "x64-mingw-ucrt"
+          - "x64-mingw32"
+          - "x86-linux"
+          # - "x86-mingw32" # github actions does not support this as of 2022-01
+          - "x86_64-darwin"
+          - "x86_64-linux"
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: actions/cache@v2
+        with:
+          path: ports/archives
+          key: tarballs-ubuntu-${{hashFiles('dependencies.yml', 'patches/**/*.patch')}}
+      - run: |
+          docker run --rm -v "$(pwd):/nokogiri" -w /nokogiri \
+            larskanis/rake-compiler-dock-mri-${{matrix.plat}}:1.2.2 \
+            ./scripts/test-gem-build gems ${{matrix.plat}}
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: "cruby-${{matrix.plat}}-gem"
+          path: gems
+          retention-days: 1
+
+  cruby-x86-linux-install:
+    needs: ["cruby-native-package"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        ruby: ["2.6", "2.7", "3.0", "3.1"]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: cruby-x86-linux-gem
+          path: gems
+      - run: |
+          docker run --rm --privileged multiarch/qemu-user-static --reset -p yes
+          docker run --rm -v "$(pwd):/nokogiri" -w /nokogiri \
+            --platform=linux/386 \
+            ruby:${{matrix.ruby}} \
+            ./scripts/test-gem-install gems
+
+  cruby-aarch64-linux-install:
+    needs: ["cruby-native-package"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        ruby: ["2.6", "2.7", "3.0", "3.1"]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: cruby-aarch64-linux-gem
+          path: gems
+      - run: |
+          docker run --rm --privileged multiarch/qemu-user-static --reset -p yes
+          docker run --rm -v "$(pwd):/nokogiri" -w /nokogiri \
+            --platform=linux/arm64/v8 \
+            ruby:${{matrix.ruby}} \
+            ./scripts/test-gem-install gems
+
+  cruby-x86_64-linux-install:
+    needs: ["cruby-native-package"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        ruby: ["2.6", "2.7", "3.0", "3.1"]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
+        with:
+          ruby-version: "${{matrix.ruby}}"
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: cruby-x86_64-linux-gem
+          path: gems
+      - run: ./scripts/test-gem-install gems
+
+  cruby-x86_64-musl-install:
+    needs: ["cruby-native-package"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:alpine
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: cruby-x86_64-linux-gem
+          path: gems
+      - run: ./scripts/test-gem-install gems
+
+  cruby-x86_64-darwin-install:
+    needs: ["cruby-native-package"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        ruby: ["2.6", "2.7", "3.0", "3.1"]
+    runs-on: macos-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
+        with:
+          ruby-version: "${{matrix.ruby}}"
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: cruby-x86_64-darwin-gem
+          path: gems
+      - run: ./scripts/test-gem-install gems
+
+  cruby-x64-mingw32-install:
+    needs: ["cruby-native-package"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        ruby: ["2.6", "2.7", "3.0"]
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: MSP-Greg/setup-ruby-pkgs@v1
+        with:
+          ruby-version: "${{matrix.ruby}}"
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: cruby-x64-mingw32-gem
+          path: gems
+      - run: |
+          gem install --verbose --no-document gems/*.gem
+          gem list -d nokogiri
+          nokogiri -v
+
+  cruby-x64-mingw-ucrt-install:
+    needs: ["cruby-native-package"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        ruby: ["3.1"]
+    runs-on: windows-2022
+    steps:
+      - uses: MSP-Greg/setup-ruby-pkgs@v1
+        with:
+          ruby-version: "${{matrix.ruby}}"
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: cruby-x64-mingw-ucrt-gem
+          path: gems
+      - run: |
+          gem install --verbose --no-document gems/*.gem
+          gem list -d nokogiri
+          nokogiri -v
+
+  jruby-package:
+    name: "jruby-package"
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container:
+      image: "larskanis/rake-compiler-dock-jruby:1.2.2"
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - run: ./scripts/test-gem-build gems java
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: jruby-gem
+          path: gems
+          retention-days: 1
+
+  jruby-install:
+    needs: ["jruby-package"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        ruby: ["jruby-9.3", "jruby-head"]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
+        with:
+          ruby-version: "${{matrix.ruby}}"
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: jruby-gem
+          path: gems
+      - run: ./scripts/test-gem-install gems
diff --git a/.github/workflows/generate-ci-images.yml b/.github/workflows/generate-ci-images.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2c156c6c57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/generate-ci-images.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+# DO NOT EDIT
+# this file is automatically generated by the "docker:pipeline" rake task
+name: Generate CI Images
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch: {}
+  schedule:
+    - cron: "0 5 * * 3" # At 05:00 on Wednesday # https://crontab.guru/#0_5_*_*_3
+# reference: https://github.com/marketplace/actions/build-and-push-docker-images
+jobs:
+  build_images:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
+        with:
+          ruby-version: "3.1"
+          bundler-cache: true
+      - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
+      - uses: docker/login-action@v1
+        with:
+          registry: ghcr.io
+          username: ${{github.actor}}
+          password: ${{secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN}}
+      - name: alpine
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
+        with:
+          context: "."
+          push: true
+          tags: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:alpine
+          file: oci-images/nokogiri-test/alpine.dockerfile
+      - name: mri-2.6
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
+        with:
+          context: "."
+          push: true
+          tags: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:mri-2.6
+          file: oci-images/nokogiri-test/mri-2.6.dockerfile
+      - name: mri-2.7
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
+        with:
+          context: "."
+          push: true
+          tags: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:mri-2.7
+          file: oci-images/nokogiri-test/mri-2.7.dockerfile
+      - name: mri-3.0
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
+        with:
+          context: "."
+          push: true
+          tags: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:mri-3.0
+          file: oci-images/nokogiri-test/mri-3.0.dockerfile
+      - name: mri-3.1
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
+        with:
+          context: "."
+          push: true
+          tags: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:mri-3.1
+          file: oci-images/nokogiri-test/mri-3.1.dockerfile
+      - name: truffle-nightly
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
+        with:
+          context: "."
+          push: true
+          tags: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:truffle-nightly
+          file: oci-images/nokogiri-test/truffle-nightly.dockerfile
+      - name: ubuntu
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
+        with:
+          context: "."
+          push: true
+          tags: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:ubuntu
+          file: oci-images/nokogiri-test/ubuntu.dockerfile
+      - name: ubuntu32
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
+        with:
+          context: "."
+          push: true
+          tags: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:ubuntu32
+          file: oci-images/nokogiri-test/ubuntu32.dockerfile
diff --git a/.github/workflows/macos.yml b/.github/workflows/macos.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index 6d18c8cdd7..0000000000
--- a/.github/workflows/macos.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-name: macos
-on:
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - main
-  pull_request:
-    types: [opened, synchronize]
-    branches:
-      - '*'
-
-jobs:
-  cruby-test-system-libraries:
-    runs-on: macos-latest
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        ruby: ["2.7", "3.0"]
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
-      - name: Set ENV
-        run: |
-          echo "MAKEFLAGS=-j$((1 + $(sysctl -n hw.activecpu)))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "NOKOGIRI_USE_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES=t" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
-        with:
-          bundler-cache: true
-          ruby-version: ${{ matrix.ruby }}
-      - run: bundle exec rake compile
-      - run: bundle exec rake test
-
-  cruby-test-vendored-libraries:
-    runs-on: macos-latest
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        ruby: ["2.7", "3.0"]
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
-      - uses: actions/cache@v2
-        with:
-          path: ports/archives
-          key: tarballs-${{ hashFiles('**/dependencies.yml') }}
-          restore-keys: |
-            tarballs-
-      - name: Set ENV
-        run: |
-          echo "MAKEFLAGS=-j$((1 + $(sysctl -n hw.activecpu)))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
-        with:
-          bundler-cache: true
-          ruby-version: ${{ matrix.ruby }}
-      - run: bundle exec rake compile
-      - run: bundle exec rake test
diff --git a/.github/workflows/truffle.yml b/.github/workflows/truffle.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cd15d06558
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/truffle.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+name: truffle
+concurrency:
+  group: "${{github.workflow}}-${{github.ref}}"
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: "0 8 * * 1,3,5" # At 08:00 on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday # https://crontab.guru/#0_8_*_*_1,3,5
+
+jobs:
+  truffleruby-head:
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        flags:
+          - "--disable-system-libraries --disable-static"
+          - "--disable-system-libraries --enable-static"
+          - "--enable-system-libraries"
+    continue-on-error: true
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:truffle-nightly
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: actions/cache@v2
+        with:
+          path: ports/archives
+          key: tarballs-ubuntu-${{hashFiles('dependencies.yml', 'patches/**/*.patch')}}
+      - run: bundle install --local || bundle install
+      - run: bundle exec rake compile -- ${{matrix.flags}}
+      - run: bundle exec rake test
diff --git a/.github/workflows/upstream.yml b/.github/workflows/upstream.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b7cf6f45ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/upstream.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+name: upstream
+concurrency:
+  group: "${{github.workflow}}-${{github.ref}}"
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: "0 8 * * 1,3,5" # At 08:00 on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday # https://crontab.guru/#0_8_*_*_1,3,5
+
+jobs:
+  xmlsoft-head:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:mri-3.1
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - name: Setup libxml2
+        run: |
+          git clone --depth=1 https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2
+          cd libxml2
+          env NOCONFIGURE=t ./autogen.sh
+      - name: Setup libxslt
+        run: |
+          git clone --depth=1 https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxslt
+          cd libxslt
+          env NOCONFIGURE=t ./autogen.sh
+      - name: "Run bundle install"
+        run: "bundle install --local || bundle install"
+      - name: "Compile against libxml2 and libxslt source directories"
+        run: "bundle exec rake compile -- --with-xml2-source-dir=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/libxml2 --with-xslt-source-dir=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/libxslt"
+      - run: "bundle exec rake test"
+
+  xmlsoft-head-valgrind:
+    needs: ["xmlsoft-head"]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:mri-3.1
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - name: Setup libxml2
+        run: |
+          git clone --depth=1 https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2
+          cd libxml2
+          env NOCONFIGURE=t ./autogen.sh
+      - name: Setup libxslt
+        run: |
+          git clone --depth=1 https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxslt
+          cd libxslt
+          env NOCONFIGURE=t ./autogen.sh
+      - name: "Run bundle install"
+        run: "bundle install --local || bundle install"
+      - name: "Compile against libxml2 and libxslt source directories"
+        run: "bundle exec rake compile -- --with-xml2-source-dir=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/libxml2 --with-xslt-source-dir=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/libxslt"
+      - run: "bundle exec rake test:valgrind"
+
+  ruby-head:
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        plat: ["ubuntu", "windows", "macos"]
+        sys: ["enable", "disable"]
+    runs-on: ${{matrix.plat}}-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: configure git crlf
+        if: matrix.plat == 'windows'
+        run: |
+          git config --system core.autocrlf false
+          git config --system core.eol lf
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: MSP-Greg/setup-ruby-pkgs@v1
+        with:
+          ruby-version: "head"
+          apt-get: "libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev pkg-config"
+          mingw: "_upgrade_ libxml2 libxslt pkgconf"
+          bundler-cache: true
+      - uses: actions/cache@v2
+        if: matrix.sys == 'disable'
+        with:
+          path: ports
+          key: ports-${{matrix.plat}}-${{hashFiles('dependencies.yml', 'patches/**/*.patch')}}
+      - run: bundle exec rake compile -- --${{matrix.sys}}-system-libraries
+      - run: bundle exec rake test
+
+  ruby-head-valgrind:
+    needs: ["ruby-head"]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        sys: ["enable", "disable"]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: MSP-Greg/setup-ruby-pkgs@v1
+        with:
+          ruby-version: "head"
+          apt-get: "libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev pkg-config valgrind"
+          bundler-cache: true
+      - uses: actions/cache@v2
+        if: matrix.sys == 'disable'
+        with:
+          path: ports
+          key: ports-ubuntu-${{hashFiles('dependencies.yml', 'patches/**/*.patch')}}
+      - run: bundle exec rake compile -- --${{matrix.sys}}-system-libraries
+      - run: bundle exec rake test:valgrind
+
+  jruby-head:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
+        with:
+          ruby-version: "jruby-head"
+          bundler-cache: true
+      - run: bundle exec rake compile
+      - run: bundle exec rake test
+
+  # html5lib-tests:
+  #   runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+  #   container:
+  #     image: ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test:mri-3.1
+  #   steps:
+  #     - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+  #       with:
+  #         submodules: true
+  #     - uses: actions/cache@v2
+  #       with:
+  #         path: ports
+  #         key: ports-ubuntu-${{hashFiles('dependencies.yml', 'patches/**/*.patch')}}
+  #     - name: Update html5lib-tests
+  #       run: |
+  #         cd test/html5lib-tests
+  #         git remote update origin
+  #         git checkout origin/master
+  #         git log --pretty=oneline -n1
+  #     - run: bundle install --local || bundle install
+  #     - run: bundle exec rake compile -- --disable-system-libraries
+  #     - run: bundle exec rake test
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 79baf6a716..82f10832d2 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -9,22 +9,18 @@
 /gems/
 /lib/nokogiri/**/nokogiri.bundle
 /lib/nokogiri/**/nokogiri.so
+/lib/nokogumbo/**/nokogumbo.bundle
+/lib/nokogumbo/**/nokogumbo.so
 /lib/nokogiri/nokogiri.jar
 /pkg/
 /ports/
 /tmp/
 
-# CI
-/concourse/docker-compose.yml
-/concourse/private.yml
-/concourse/images/*.generated
-
 # code coverage
 /coverage/
 
 # documentation
-/.yardoc/
-/doc/
+/html/
 
 # editors and tags
 .classpath
@@ -34,11 +30,15 @@ build
 TAGS
 tags
 
+# auto-formatting
+/ext/**/*.orig
+
 # mac
 .DS_Store/
 
 # Vagrant
 /.vagrant/
 
-# directories named after issues
-/[0-9][0-9][0-9]*/
+# directories or files named after issues, and debugging
+/[0-9][0-9][0-9]*
+/*.log
diff --git a/.gitmodules b/.gitmodules
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..57c9b57f2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gitmodules
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+[submodule "test/html5lib-tests"]
+	path = test/html5lib-tests
+	url = https://github.com/html5lib/html5lib-tests.git
+	branch = master
diff --git a/.rubocop.yml b/.rubocop.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b1a51ce3f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.rubocop.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+require:
+  - rubocop-minitest
+  - rubocop-performance
+  - rubocop-rake
+inherit_gem:
+  rubocop-shopify: rubocop.yml
+inherit_from: .rubocop_todo.yml
+
+AllCops:
+  NewCops: enable
+  Exclude:
+    - 'lib/nokogiri/css/parser.rb'
+    - 'lib/nokogiri/css/tokenizer.rb'
+Naming/MethodName:
+  Enabled: false
+Naming/FileName:
+  Exclude:
+    - rakelib/**
+    - test/html5/test_tree-construction.rb
diff --git a/.rubocop_todo.yml b/.rubocop_todo.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..727df6f532
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.rubocop_todo.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+# This configuration was generated by
+# `rubocop --auto-gen-config`
+# on 2022-05-04 15:17:01 UTC using RuboCop version 1.28.2.
+# The point is for the user to remove these configuration records
+# one by one as the offenses are removed from the code base.
+# Note that changes in the inspected code, or installation of new
+# versions of RuboCop, may require this file to be generated again.
+
+# Offense count: 8
+Lint/IneffectiveAccessModifier:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'lib/nokogiri/html5.rb'
+    - 'lib/nokogiri/html5/document.rb'
+    - 'lib/nokogiri/xml/document.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 5
+Lint/MissingSuper:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'lib/nokogiri/html4/document_fragment.rb'
+    - 'lib/nokogiri/html5/document_fragment.rb'
+    - 'lib/nokogiri/xml/document.rb'
+    - 'lib/nokogiri/xml/document_fragment.rb'
+    - 'lib/nokogiri/xml/processing_instruction.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 1
+# This cop supports safe auto-correction (--auto-correct).
+Lint/RedundantCopDisableDirective:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'lib/nokogiri/xml/processing_instruction.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 2
+# This cop supports safe auto-correction (--auto-correct).
+# Configuration parameters: ContextCreatingMethods, MethodCreatingMethods.
+Lint/UselessAccessModifier:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'lib/nokogiri/html5.rb'
+    - 'lib/nokogiri/html5/document.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 17
+# Configuration parameters: CountBlocks.
+Metrics/BlockNesting:
+  Max: 5
+
+# Offense count: 2
+# Configuration parameters: Max, CountKeywordArgs.
+Metrics/ParameterLists:
+  MaxOptionalParameters: 4
+
+# Offense count: 4
+# Configuration parameters: MinSize.
+Performance/CollectionLiteralInLoop:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'lib/nokogiri/xml/pp/node.rb'
+    - 'test/html5/test_tree-construction.rb'
+    - 'test/xml/test_dtd_encoding.rb'
+    - 'test/xml/test_node_reparenting.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 12
+# This cop supports safe auto-correction (--auto-correct).
+Performance/StringIdentifierArgument:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'lib/nokogiri/html5.rb'
+    - 'test/html5/test_encoding.rb'
+    - 'test/test_css_cache.rb'
+    - 'test/test_memory_leak.rb'
+    - 'test/xml/test_builder.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 2
+# This cop supports safe auto-correction (--auto-correct).
+Performance/TimesMap:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'test/html5/test_nokogumbo.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 6
+# This cop supports safe auto-correction (--auto-correct).
+# Configuration parameters: EnforcedStyle.
+# SupportedStyles: nested, compact
+Style/ClassAndModuleChildren:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'test/html4/test_html_module.rb'
+    - 'test/test_nokogiri.rb'
+    - 'test/test_xslt_transforms.rb'
+    - 'test/xml/node/test_attribute_methods.rb'
+    - 'test/xml/sax/test_parser.rb'
+    - 'test/xml/sax/test_push_parser.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 17
+# This cop supports safe auto-correction (--auto-correct).
+# Configuration parameters: AllowedVars.
+Style/FetchEnvVar:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'ext/nokogiri/extconf.rb'
+    - 'rakelib/debug.rake'
+    - 'rakelib/extensions.rake'
+    - 'rakelib/rdoc.rake'
+    - 'test/helper.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 2
+Style/MissingRespondToMissing:
+  Exclude:
+    - 'lib/nokogiri/xml/builder.rb'
+
+# Offense count: 81
+# This cop supports safe auto-correction (--auto-correct).
+# Configuration parameters: AllowHeredoc, AllowURI, URISchemes, IgnoreCopDirectives, AllowedPatterns, IgnoredPatterns.
+# URISchemes: http, https
+# AllowedPatterns: \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z), \A\s*(remote_)?test(_\w+)?\s.*(do|->)(\s|\Z)
+Layout/LineLength:
+  Max: 250
diff --git a/.yardopts b/.yardopts
deleted file mode 100644
index bd2c740114..0000000000
--- a/.yardopts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
---embed-mixins
---main=README.md
-lib/**/*.rb
-ext/nokogiri/*.c
--
-README.md
-LICENSE.md
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index b6b476529b..481f837e64 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -4,6 +4,392 @@ Nokogiri follows [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/), please see the [REA
 
 ---
 
+## 1.13.9 / 2022-10-18
+
+### Security
+
+* [CRuby] Vendored libxml2 is updated to address [CVE-2022-2309](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-2309), [CVE-2022-40304](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-40304), and [CVE-2022-40303](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-40303). See [GHSA-2qc6-mcvw-92cw](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/security/advisories/GHSA-2qc6-mcvw-92cw) for more information.
+* [CRuby] Vendored zlib is updated to address [CVE-2022-37434](https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2022-37434). Nokogiri was not affected by this vulnerability, but this version of zlib was being flagged up by some vulnerability scanners, see [#2626](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2626) for more information.
+
+
+### Dependencies
+
+* [CRuby] Vendored libxml2 is updated to [v2.10.3](https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/releases/v2.10.3) from v2.9.14.
+* [CRuby] Vendored libxslt is updated to [v1.1.37](https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxslt/-/releases/v1.1.37) from v1.1.35.
+* [CRuby] Vendored zlib is updated from 1.2.12 to 1.2.13. (See [LICENSE-DEPENDENCIES.md](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/blob/v1.13.x/LICENSE-DEPENDENCIES.md#platform-releases) for details on which packages redistribute this library.)
+
+
+### Fixed
+
+* [CRuby] `Nokogiri::XML::Namespace` objects, when compacted, update their internal struct's reference to the Ruby object wrapper. Previously, with GC compaction enabled, a segmentation fault was possible after compaction was triggered. [[#2658](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2658)] (Thanks, [@eightbitraptor](https://github.com/eightbitraptor) and [@peterzhu2118](https://github.com/peterzhu2118)!)
+* [CRuby] `Document#remove_namespaces!` now defers freeing the underlying `xmlNs` struct until the `Document` is GCed. Previously, maintaining a reference to a `Namespace` object that was removed in this way could lead to a segfault. [[#2658](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2658)]
+
+
+## 1.13.8 / 2022-07-23
+
+### Deprecated
+
+- `XML::Reader#attribute_nodes` is deprecated due to incompatibility between libxml2's `xmlReader` memory semantics and Ruby's garbage collector. Although this method continues to exist for backwards compatibility, it is unsafe to call and may segfault. This method will be removed in a future version of Nokogiri, and callers should use `#attribute_hash` instead. [[#2598](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2598)]
+
+
+### Improvements
+
+- `XML::Reader#attribute_hash` is a new method to safely retrieve the attributes of a node from `XML::Reader`. [[#2598](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2598), [#2599](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2599)]
+
+
+### Fixed
+
+- [CRuby] Calling `XML::Reader#attributes` is now safe to call. In Nokogiri <= 1.13.7 this method may segfault. [[#2598](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2598), [#2599](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2599)]
+
+
+## 1.13.7 / 2022-07-12
+
+### Fixed
+
+`XML::Node` objects, when compacted, update their internal struct's reference to the Ruby object wrapper. Previously, with GC compaction enabled, a segmentation fault was possible after compaction was triggered. [[#2578](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2578)] (Thanks, [@eightbitraptor](https://github.com/eightbitraptor)!)
+
+
+## 1.13.6 / 2022-05-08
+
+### Security
+
+* [CRuby] Address [CVE-2022-29181](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-29181), improper handling of unexpected data types, related to untrusted inputs to the SAX parsers. See [GHSA-xh29-r2w5-wx8m](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/security/advisories/GHSA-xh29-r2w5-wx8m) for more information.
+
+
+### Improvements
+
+* `{HTML4,XML}::SAX::{Parser,ParserContext}` constructor methods now raise `TypeError` instead of segfaulting when an incorrect type is passed.
+
+
+## 1.13.5 / 2022-05-04
+
+### Security
+
+* [CRuby] Vendored libxml2 is updated to address [CVE-2022-29824](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-29824). See [GHSA-cgx6-hpwq-fhv5](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/security/advisories/GHSA-cgx6-hpwq-fhv5) for more information.
+
+
+### Dependencies
+
+* [CRuby] Vendored libxml2 is updated from v2.9.13 to [v2.9.14](https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/releases/v2.9.14).
+
+
+### Improvements
+
+* [CRuby] The libxml2 HTML parser no longer exhibits quadratic behavior when recovering some broken markup related to start-of-tag and bare `<` characters.
+
+
+### Changed
+
+* [CRuby] The libxml2 HTML parser in v2.9.14 recovers from some broken markup differently. Notably, the XML CDATA escape sequence `<![CDATA[` and incorrectly-opened comments will result in HTML text nodes starting with `&lt;!` instead of skipping the invalid tag. This behavior is a direct result of the [quadratic-behavior fix](https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/commit/798bdf1) noted above. The behavior of downstream sanitizers relying on this behavior will also change. Some tests describing the changed behavior are in [`test/html4/test_comments.rb`](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/blob/3ed5bf2b5a367cb9dc6e329c5a1c512e1dd4565d/test/html4/test_comments.rb#L187-L204).
+
+
+## 1.13.4 / 2022-04-11
+
+### Security
+
+* Address [CVE-2022-24836](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-24836), a regular expression denial-of-service vulnerability. See [GHSA-crjr-9rc5-ghw8](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/security/advisories/GHSA-crjr-9rc5-ghw8) for more information.
+* [CRuby] Vendored zlib is updated to address [CVE-2018-25032](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-25032). See [GHSA-v6gp-9mmm-c6p5](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/security/advisories/GHSA-v6gp-9mmm-c6p5) for more information.
+* [JRuby] Vendored Xerces-J (`xerces:xercesImpl`) is updated to address [CVE-2022-23437](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23437). See [GHSA-xxx9-3xcr-gjj3](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/security/advisories/GHSA-xxx9-3xcr-gjj3) for more information.
+* [JRuby] Vendored nekohtml (`org.cyberneko.html`) is updated to address [CVE-2022-24839](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-24839). See [GHSA-gx8x-g87m-h5q6](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/security/advisories/GHSA-gx8x-g87m-h5q6) for more information.
+
+
+### Dependencies
+
+* [CRuby] Vendored zlib is updated from 1.2.11 to 1.2.12. (See [LICENSE-DEPENDENCIES.md](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/blob/v1.13.x/LICENSE-DEPENDENCIES.md#platform-releases) for details on which packages redistribute this library.)
+* [JRuby] Vendored Xerces-J (`xerces:xercesImpl`) is updated from 2.12.0 to 2.12.2.
+* [JRuby] Vendored nekohtml (`org.cyberneko.html`) is updated from a fork of 1.9.21 to 1.9.22.noko2. This fork is now publicly developed at https://github.com/sparklemotion/nekohtml
+
+
+## 1.13.3 / 2022-02-21
+
+### Fixed
+
+* [CRuby] Revert a HTML4 parser bug in libxml 2.9.13 (introduced in Nokogiri v1.13.2). The bug causes libxml2's HTML4 parser to fail to recover when encountering a bare `<` character in some contexts. This version of Nokogiri restores the earlier behavior, which is to recover from the parse error and treat the `<` as normal character data (which will be serialized as `&lt;` in a text node). The bug (and the fix) is only relevant when the `RECOVER` parse option is set, as it is by default. [[#2461](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2461)]
+
+
+## 1.13.2 / 2022-02-21
+
+### Security
+
+* [CRuby] Vendored libxml2 is updated from 2.9.12 to 2.9.13. This update addresses [CVE-2022-23308](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23308).
+* [CRuby] Vendored libxslt is updated from 1.1.34 to 1.1.35. This update addresses [CVE-2021-30560](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-30560).
+
+Please see [GHSA-fq42-c5rg-92c2](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/security/advisories/GHSA-fq42-c5rg-92c2) for more information about these CVEs.
+
+
+### Dependencies
+
+* [CRuby] Vendored libxml2 is updated from 2.9.12 to 2.9.13. Full changelog is available at https://download.gnome.org/sources/libxml2/2.9/libxml2-2.9.13.news
+* [CRuby] Vendored libxslt is updated from 1.1.34 to 1.1.35. Full changelog is available at https://download.gnome.org/sources/libxslt/1.1/libxslt-1.1.35.news
+
+
+## 1.13.1 / 2022-01-13
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Fix `Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params` regression in v1.13.0 that raised an exception when non-string stylesheet parameters were passed. Non-string parameters (e.g., integers and symbols) are now explicitly supported and both keys and values will be stringified with `#to_s`. [[#2418](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2418)]
+* Fix CSS selector query regression in v1.13.0 that raised an `Nokogiri::XML::XPath::SyntaxError` when parsing XPath attributes mixed into the CSS query. Although this mash-up of XPath and CSS syntax previously worked unintentionally, it is now an officially supported feature and is documented as such. [[#2419](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2419)]
+
+
+## 1.13.0 / 2022-01-06
+
+### Notes
+
+#### Ruby
+
+This release introduces native gem support for Ruby 3.1. Please note that Windows users should use the `x64-mingw-ucrt` platform gem for Ruby 3.1, and `x64-mingw32` for Ruby 2.6&ndash;3.0 (see [RubyInstaller 3.1.0 release notes](https://rubyinstaller.org/2021/12/31/rubyinstaller-3.1.0-1-released.html)).
+
+This release ends support for:
+
+* Ruby 2.5, for which [official support ended 2021-03-31](https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/downloads/branches/).
+* JRuby 9.2, which is a Ruby 2.5-compatible release.
+
+
+#### Faster, more reliable installation: Native Gem for ARM64 Linux
+
+This version of Nokogiri ships experimental native gem support for the `aarch64-linux` platform, which should support AWS Graviton and other ARM Linux platforms. We don't yet have CI running for this platform, and so we're interested in hearing back from y'all whether this is working, and what problems you're seeing. Please send us feedback here: [Feedback: Have you used the `aarch64-linux` native gem?](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/discussions/2359)
+
+
+#### Publishing
+
+This version of Nokogiri opts-in to the ["MFA required to publish" setting](https://guides.rubygems.org/mfa-requirement-opt-in/) on Rubygems.org. This and all future Nokogiri gem files must be published to Rubygems by an account with multi-factor authentication enabled. This should provide some additional protection against supply-chain attacks.
+
+A related discussion about Trust exists at [#2357](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2357) in which I invite you to participate if you have feelings or opinions on this topic.
+
+
+### Dependencies
+
+* [CRuby] Vendored libiconv is updated from 1.15 to 1.16. (Note that libiconv is only redistributed in the native windows and native darwin gems, see [`LICENSE-DEPENDENCIES.md`](LICENSE-DEPENDENCIES.md) for more information.) [[#2206](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2206)]
+* [CRuby] Upgrade mini_portile2 dependency from `~> 2.6.1` to `~> 2.7.0`. ("ruby" platform gem only.)
+
+
+### Improved
+
+* `{XML,HTML4}::DocumentFragment` constructors all now take an optional parse options parameter or block (similar to Document constructors). [[#1692](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1692)] (Thanks, [@JackMc](https://github.com/JackMc)!)
+* `Nokogiri::CSS.xpath_for` allows an `XPathVisitor` to be injected, for finer-grained control over how CSS queries are translated into XPath.
+* [CRuby] `XML::Reader#encoding` will return the encoding detected by the parser when it's not passed to the constructor. [[#980](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/980)]
+* [CRuby] Handle abruptly-closed HTML comments as recommended by WHATWG. (Thanks to [tehryanx](https://hackerone.com/tehryanx?type=user) for reporting!)
+* [CRuby] `Node#line` is no longer capped at 65535. libxml v2.9.0 and later support a new parse option, exposed as `Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::PARSE_BIG_LINES`, which is turned on by default in `ParseOptions::DEFAULT_{XML,XSLT,HTML,SCHEMA}` (Note that JRuby already supported large line numbers.) [[#1764](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1764), [#1493](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1493), [#1617](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1617), [#1505](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1505), [#1003](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1003), [#533](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/533)]
+* [CRuby] If a cycle is introduced when reparenting a node (i.e., the node becomes its own ancestor), a `RuntimeError` is raised. libxml2 does no checking for this, which means cycles would otherwise result in infinite loops on subsequent operations. (Note that JRuby already did this.) [[#1912](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1912)]
+* [CRuby] Source builds will download zlib and libiconv via HTTPS. ("ruby" platform gem only.) [[#2391](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2391)] (Thanks, [@jmartin-r7](https://github.com/jmartin-r7)!)
+* [JRuby] `Node#line` behavior has been modified to return the line number of the node in the _final DOM structure_. This behavior is different from CRuby, which returns the node's position in the _input string_. Ideally the two implementations would be the same, but at least is now officially documented and tested. The real-world impact of this change is that the value returned in JRuby is greater by 1 to account for the XML prolog in the output. [[#2380](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2380)] (Thanks, [@dabdine](https://github.com/dabdine)!)
+
+
+### Fixed
+
+* CSS queries on HTML5 documents now correctly match foreign elements (SVG, MathML) when namespaces are not specified in the query. [[#2376](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2376)]
+* `XML::Builder` blocks restore context properly when exceptions are raised. [[#2372](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2372)] (Thanks, [@ric2b](https://github.com/ric2b) and [@rinthedev](https://github.com/rinthedev)!)
+* The `Nokogiri::CSS::Parser` cache now uses the `XPathVisitor` configuration as part of the cache key, preventing incorrect cache results from being returned when multiple `XPathVisitor` options are being used.
+* Error recovery from in-context parsing (e.g., `Node#parse`) now always uses the correct `DocumentFragment` class. Previously `Nokogiri::HTML4::DocumentFragment` was always used, even for XML documents. [[#1158](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1158)]
+* `DocumentFragment#>` now works properly, matching a CSS selector against only the fragment roots. [[#1857](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1857)]
+* `XML::DocumentFragment#errors` now correctly contains any parsing errors encountered. Previously this was always empty. (Note that `HTML::DocumentFragment#errors` already did this.)
+* [CRuby] Fix memory leak in `Document#canonicalize` when inclusive namespaces are passed in. [[#2345](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2345)]
+* [CRuby] Fix memory leak in `Document#canonicalize` when an argument type error is raised. [[#2345](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2345)]
+* [CRuby] Fix memory leak in `EncodingHandler` where iconv handlers were not being cleaned up. [[#2345](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2345)]
+* [CRuby] Fix memory leak in XPath custom handlers where string arguments were not being cleaned up. [[#2345](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2345)]
+* [CRuby] Fix memory leak in `Reader#base_uri` where the string returned by libxml2 was not freed. [[#2347](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2347)]
+* [JRuby] Deleting a `Namespace` from a `NodeSet` no longer modifies the `href` to be the default namespace URL.
+* [JRuby] Fix XHTML formatting of closing tags for non-container elements. [[#2355](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2355)]
+
+
+### Deprecated
+
+* Passing a `Nokogiri::XML::Node` as the second parameter to `Node.new` is deprecated and will generate a warning. This parameter should be a kind of `Nokogiri::XML::Document`. This will become an error in a future version of Nokogiri. [[#975](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/975)]
+* `Nokogiri::CSS::Parser`, `Nokogiri::CSS::Tokenizer`, and `Nokogiri::CSS::Node` are now internal-only APIs that are no longer documented, and should not be considered stable. With the introduction of `XPathVisitor` injection into `Nokogiri::CSS.xpath_for` there should be no reason to rely on these internal APIs.
+* CSS-to-XPath utility classes `Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitorAlwaysUseBuiltins` and `XPathVisitorOptimallyUseBuiltins` are deprecated. Prefer `Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor` with appropriate constructor arguments. These classes will be removed in a future version of Nokogiri.
+
+
+## 1.12.5 / 2021-09-27
+
+### Security
+
+[JRuby] Address CVE-2021-41098 ([GHSA-2rr5-8q37-2w7h](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/security/advisories/GHSA-2rr5-8q37-2w7h)).
+
+In Nokogiri v1.12.4 and earlier, on JRuby only, the SAX parsers resolve external entities (XXE) by default. This fix turns off entity-resolution-by-default in the JRuby SAX parsers to match the CRuby SAX parsers' behavior.
+
+CRuby users are not affected by this CVE.
+
+
+### Fixed
+
+* [CRuby] `Document#to_xhtml` properly serializes self-closing tags in libxml > 2.9.10. A behavior change introduced in libxml 2.9.11 resulted in emitting start and and tags (e.g., `<br></br>`) instead of a self-closing tag (e.g., `<br/>`) in previous Nokogiri versions. [[#2324](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2324)]
+
+
+## 1.12.4 / 2021-08-29
+
+### Notable fix: Namespace inheritance
+
+Namespace behavior when reparenting nodes has historically been poorly specified and the behavior diverged between CRuby and JRuby. As a result, making this behavior consistent in v1.12.0 introduced a breaking change.
+
+This patch release reverts the Builder behavior present in v1.12.0..v1.12.3 but keeps the Document behavior. This release also introduces a Document attribute to allow affected users to easily change this behavior for their legacy code without invasive changes.
+
+
+#### Compensating Feature in XML::Document
+
+This release of Nokogiri introduces a new `Document` boolean attribute, `namespace_inheritance`, which controls whether children should inherit a namespace when they are reparented. `Nokogiri::XML:Document` defaults this attribute to `false` meaning "do not inherit," thereby making explicit the behavior change introduced in v1.12.0.
+
+CRuby users who desire the pre-v1.12.0 behavior may set `document.namespace_inheritance = true` before reparenting nodes.
+
+See https://nokogiri.org/rdoc/Nokogiri/XML/Document.html#namespace_inheritance-instance_method for example usage.
+
+
+#### Fix for XML::Builder
+
+However, recognizing that we want `Builder`-created children to inherit namespaces, Builder now will set `namespace_inheritance=true` on the underlying document for both JRuby and CRuby. This means that, on CRuby, the pre-v1.12.0 behavior is restored.
+
+Users who want to turn this behavior off may pass a keyword argument to the Builder constructor like so:
+
+``` ruby
+Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new(namespace_inheritance: false)
+```
+
+See https://nokogiri.org/rdoc/Nokogiri/XML/Builder.html#label-Namespace+inheritance for example usage.
+
+
+#### Downstream gem maintainers
+
+Note that any downstream gems may want to specifically omit Nokogiri v1.12.0--v1.12.3 from their dependency specification if they rely on child namespace inheritance:
+
+``` ruby
+Gem::Specification.new do |gem|
+  # ...
+  gem.add_runtime_dependency 'nokogiri', '!=1.12.3', '!=1.12.2', '!=1.12.1', '!=1.12.0'
+  # ...
+end
+```
+
+
+### Fixed
+
+* [JRuby] Fix NPE in Schema parsing when an imported resource doesn't have a `systemId`. [[#2296](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2296)] (Thanks, [@pepijnve](https://github.com/pepijnve)!)
+
+
+## 1.12.3 / 2021-08-10
+
+### Fixed
+
+* [CRuby] Fix compilation of libgumbo on older systems with versions of GCC that give errors on C99-isms. Affected systems include RHEL6, RHEL7, and SLES12. [[#2302](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2302)]
+
+
+## 1.12.2 / 2021-08-04
+
+### Fixed
+
+* [CRuby] Ensure that C extension files in non-native gem installations are loaded using `require` and rely on `$LOAD_PATH` instead of using `require_relative`. This issue only exists when deleting shared libraries that exist outside the extensions directory, something users occasionally do to conserve disk space. [[#2300](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2300)]
+
+
+## 1.12.1 / 2021-08-03
+
+### Fixed
+
+* [CRuby] Fix compilation of libgumbo on BSD systems by avoiding GNU-isms. [[#2298](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2298)]
+
+
+## 1.12.0 / 2021-08-02
+
+### Notable Addition: HTML5 Support (CRuby only)
+
+__HTML5 support__ has been added (to CRuby only) by merging [Nokogumbo](https://github.com/rubys/nokogumbo) into Nokogiri. The Nokogumbo public API has been preserved, so this functionality is available under the `Nokogiri::HTML5` namespace. [[#2204](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2204)]
+
+Please note that HTML5 support is not available for JRuby in this version. However, we feel it is important to think about JRuby and we hope to work on this in the future. If you're interested in helping with HTML5 support on JRuby, please reach out to the maintainers by commenting on issue [#2227](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2227).
+
+Many thanks to Sam Ruby, Steve Checkoway, and Craig Barnes for creating and maintaining Nokogumbo and supporting the Gumbo HTML5 parser. They're now Nokogiri core contributors with all the powers and privileges pertaining thereto. 🙌
+
+
+### Notable Change: `Nokogiri::HTML4` module and namespace
+
+`Nokogiri::HTML` has been renamed to `Nokogiri::HTML4`, and `Nokogiri::HTML` is aliased to preserve backwards-compatibility. `Nokogiri::HTML` and `Nokogiri::HTML4` parse methods still use libxml2's (or NekoHTML's) HTML4 parser in the v1.12 release series. 
+
+Take special note that if you rely on the class name of an object in your code, objects will now report a class of `Nokogiri::HTML4::Foo` where they previously reported `Nokogiri::HTML::Foo`. Instead of relying on the string returned by `Object#class`, prefer `Class#===` or `Object#is_a?` or `Object#instance_of?`.
+
+Future releases of Nokogiri may deprecate `HTML` methods or otherwise change this behavior, so please start using `HTML4` in place of `HTML`.
+
+
+### Added
+
+* [CRuby] `Nokogiri::VERSION_INFO["libxslt"]["datetime_enabled"]` is a new boolean value which describes whether libxslt (or, more properly, libexslt) has compiled-in datetime support. This generally going to be `true`, but some distros ship without this support (e.g., some mingw UCRT-based packages, see https://github.com/msys2/MINGW-packages/pull/8957). See [#2272](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2272) for more details.
+
+
+### Changed
+
+* Introduce a new constant, `Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_XSLT`, which adds the libxslt-preferred options of `NOENT | DTDLOAD | DTDATTR | NOCDATA` to `ParseOptions::DEFAULT_XML`.
+* `Nokogiri.XSLT` parses stylesheets using `ParseOptions::DEFAULT_XSLT`, which should make some edge-case XSL transformations match libxslt's default behavior. [[#1940](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1940)]
+
+
+### Fixed
+
+* [CRuby] Namespaced attributes are handled properly when their parent node is reparented into another document. Previously, the namespace may have gotten dropped. [[#2228](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2228)]
+* [CRuby] Reparented nodes no longer inherit their parent's namespace. Previously, a node without a namespace was forced to adopt its parent's namespace. [[#1712](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1712), [#425](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/425)]
+
+
+### Improved
+
+* [CRuby] Speed up (slightly) the compile time of packaged libraries `libiconv`, `libxml2`, and `libxslt` by using autoconf's `--disable-dependency-tracking` option. ("ruby" platform gem only.)
+
+
+### Deprecated
+
+* Deprecating Nokogumbo's `Nokogiri::HTML5.get`. This method will be removed in a future version of Nokogiri.
+
+
+### Dependencies
+
+* [CRuby] Upgrade mini_portile2 dependency from `~> 2.5.0` to `~> 2.6.1`. ("ruby" platform gem only.)
+
+
+## 1.11.7 / 2021-06-02
+
+### Fixed
+
+* [CRuby] Backporting an upstream fix to XPath recursion depth limits which impacted some users of complex XPath queries. This issue is present in libxml 2.9.11 and 2.9.12. [[#2257](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2257)]
+
+
+## 1.11.6 / 2021-05-26
+
+### Fixed
+
+* [CRuby] `DocumentFragment#path` now does proper error-checking to handle behavior introduced in libxml > 2.9.10. In v1.11.4 and v1.11.5, calling `DocumentFragment#path` could result in a segfault.
+
+
+## 1.11.5 / 2021-05-19
+
+### Fixed
+
+[Windows CRuby] Work around segfault at process exit on Windows when using libxml2 system DLLs.
+
+libxml 2.9.12 introduced new behavior to avoid memory leaks when unloading libxml2 shared libraries (see [libxml/!66](https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/merge_requests/66)). Early testing caught this segfault on non-Windows platforms (see [#2059](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2059) and [libxml@956534e](https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/commit/956534e02ef280795a187c16f6ac04e107f23c5d)) but it was incompletely fixed and is still an issue on Windows platforms that are using system DLLs.
+
+We work around this by configuring libxml2 in this situation to use its default memory management functions. Note that if Nokogiri is not on Windows, or is not using shared system libraries, it will will continue to configure libxml2 to use Ruby's memory management functions. `Nokogiri::VERSION_INFO["libxml"]["memory_management"]` will allow you to verify when the default memory management functions are being used. [[#2241](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2241)]
+
+
+### Added
+
+`Nokogiri::VERSION_INFO["libxml"]` now contains the key `"memory_management"` to declare whether libxml2 is using its `default` memory management functions, or whether it uses the memory management functions from `ruby`. See above for more details.
+
+
+## 1.11.4 / 2021-05-14
+
+### Security
+
+[CRuby] Vendored libxml2 upgraded to v2.9.12 which addresses:
+
+- [CVE-2019-20388](https://security.archlinux.org/CVE-2019-20388)
+- [CVE-2020-24977](https://security.archlinux.org/CVE-2020-24977)
+- [CVE-2021-3517](https://security.archlinux.org/CVE-2021-3517)
+- [CVE-2021-3518](https://security.archlinux.org/CVE-2021-3518)
+- [CVE-2021-3537](https://security.archlinux.org/CVE-2021-3537)
+- [CVE-2021-3541](https://security.archlinux.org/CVE-2021-3541)
+
+Note that two additional CVEs were addressed upstream but are not relevant to this release. [CVE-2021-3516](https://security.archlinux.org/CVE-2021-3516) via `xmllint` is not present in Nokogiri, and [CVE-2020-7595](https://security.archlinux.org/CVE-2020-7595) has been patched in Nokogiri since v1.10.8 (see [#1992](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1992)).
+
+Please see [nokogiri/GHSA-7rrm-v45f-jp64 ](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/security/advisories/GHSA-7rrm-v45f-jp64) or [#2233](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2233) for a more complete analysis of these CVEs and patches.
+
+
+### Dependencies
+
+* [CRuby] vendored libxml2 is updated from 2.9.10 to 2.9.12. (Note that 2.9.11 was skipped because it was superseded by 2.9.12 a few hours after its release.)
+
+
 ## 1.11.3 / 2021-04-07
 
 ### Fixed
@@ -26,7 +412,7 @@ Nokogiri follows [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/), please see the [REA
 
 ### Improved
 
-* Reduce the number of object allocations needed when parsing an HTML::DocumentFragment. [[#2087](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2087)] (Thanks, [@ashmaroli](https://github.com/ashmaroli)!)
+* Reduce the number of object allocations needed when parsing an `HTML::DocumentFragment`. [[#2087](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2087)] (Thanks, [@ashmaroli](https://github.com/ashmaroli)!)
 * [JRuby] Update the algorithm used to calculate `Node#line` to be wrong less-often. The underlying parser, Xerces, does not track line numbers, and so we've always used a hacky solution for this method. [[#1223](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1223), [#2177](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2177)]
 * Introduce `--enable-system-libraries` and `--disable-system-libraries` flags to `extconf.rb`. These flags provide the same functionality as `--use-system-libraries` and the `NOKOGIRI_USE_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES` environment variable, but are more idiomatic. [[#2193](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2193)] (Thanks, [@eregon](https://github.com/eregon)!)
 * [TruffleRuby] `--disable-static` is now the default on TruffleRuby when the packaged libraries are used. This is more flexible and compiles faster. (Note, though, that the default on TR is still to use system libraries.) [[#2191](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2191#issuecomment-780724627), [#2193](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2193)] (Thanks, [@eregon](https://github.com/eregon)!)
@@ -108,7 +494,7 @@ See note below about CVE-2020-26247 in the "Changed" subsection entitled "XML::S
 ### Improved
 
 * [CRuby] Handle incorrectly-closed HTML comments as WHATWG recommends for browsers. [[#2058](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2058)] (Thanks to HackerOne user [mayflower](https://hackerone.com/mayflower?type=user) for reporting this!)
-* {HTML,XML}::Document#parse now accept `Pathname` objects. Previously this worked only if the referenced file was less than 4096 bytes long; longer files resulted in undefined behavior because the `read` method would be repeatedly invoked. [[#1821](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1821), [#2110](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2110)] (Thanks, [@doriantaylor](https://github.com/doriantaylor) and [@phokz](https://github.com/phokz)!)
+* `{HTML,XML}::Document#parse` now accept `Pathname` objects. Previously this worked only if the referenced file was less than 4096 bytes long; longer files resulted in undefined behavior because the `read` method would be repeatedly invoked. [[#1821](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1821), [#2110](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2110)] (Thanks, [@doriantaylor](https://github.com/doriantaylor) and [@phokz](https://github.com/phokz)!)
 * [CRuby] Nokogumbo builds faster because it can now use header files provided by Nokogiri. [[#1788](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1788)] (Thanks, [@stevecheckoway](https://github.com/stevecheckoway)!)
 * Add `frozen_string_literal: true` magic comment to all `lib` files. [[#1745](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1745)] (Thanks, [@oniofchaos](https://github.com/oniofchaos)!)
 * [JRuby] Clean up deprecated calls into JRuby. [[#2027](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2027)] (Thanks, [@headius](https://github.com/headius)!)
@@ -120,7 +506,7 @@ See note below about CVE-2020-26247 in the "Changed" subsection entitled "XML::S
 * The CSS `~=` operator now correctly handles non-space whitespace in the `class` attribute. commit e45dedd
 * The switch to turn off the CSS-to-XPath cache is now thread-local, rather than being shared mutable state. [[#1935](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1935)]
 * The Node methods `add_previous_sibling`, `previous=`, `before`, `add_next_sibling`, `next=`, `after`, `replace`, and `swap` now correctly use their parent as the context node for parsing markup. These methods now also raise a `RuntimeError` if they are called on a node with no parent. [[nokogumbo#160](https://github.com/rubys/nokogumbo/issues/160)]
-* [JRuby] XML::Schema XSD validation errors are captured in `XML::Schema#errors`. These errors were previously ignored.
+* [JRuby] `XML::Schema` XSD validation errors are captured in `XML::Schema#errors`. These errors were previously ignored.
 * [JRuby] Standardize reading from IO like objects, including StringIO. [[#1888](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1888), [#1897](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1897)]
 * [JRuby] Fix how custom XPath function namespaces are inferred to be less naive. [[#1890](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1890), [#2148](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2148)]
 * [JRuby] Clarify exception message when custom XPath functions can't be resolved.
@@ -312,17 +698,17 @@ This CVE's public notice is [#1915](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/is
 * `XML::Attr#value=` allows HTML node attribute values to be set to either a blank string or an empty boolean attribute. [[#1800](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1800)]
 * Introduce `XML::Node#wrap` which does what `XML::NodeSet#wrap` has always done, but for a single node. [[#1531](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1531)] (Thanks, [@ethirajsrinivasan](https://github.com/ethirajsrinivasan)!)
 * [MRI] Improve installation experience on macOS High Sierra (Darwin). [[#1812](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1812), [#1813](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1813)] (Thanks, [@gpakosz](https://github.com/gpakosz) and [@nurse](https://github.com/nurse)!)
-* [MRI] Node#dup supports copying a node directly to a new document. See the method documentation for details.
-* [MRI] DocumentFragment#dup is now more memory-efficient, avoiding making unnecessary copies. [[#1063](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1063)]
-* [JRuby] NodeSet has been rewritten to improve performance! [[#1795](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1795)]
+* [MRI] `Node#dup` supports copying a node directly to a new document. See the method documentation for details.
+* [MRI] `DocumentFragment#dup` is now more memory-efficient, avoiding making unnecessary copies. [[#1063](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1063)]
+* [JRuby] `NodeSet` has been rewritten to improve performance! [[#1795](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1795)]
 
 
 ### Fixed
 
 * `NodeSet#each` now returns `self` instead of zero. [[#1822](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1822)] (Thanks, [@olehif](https://github.com/olehif)!)
-* [MRI] Address a memory leak when using XML::Builder to create nodes with namespaces. [[#1810](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1810)]
+* [MRI] Address a memory leak when using `XML::Builder` to create nodes with namespaces. [[#1810](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1810)]
 * [MRI] Address a memory leak when unparenting a DTD. [[#1784](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1784)] (Thanks, [@stevecheckoway](https://github.com/stevecheckoway)!)
-* [MRI] Use RbConfig::CONFIG instead of ::MAKEFILE_CONFIG to fix installations that use Makefile macros. [[#1820](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1820)] (Thanks, [@nobu](https://github.com/nobu)!)
+* [MRI] Use `RbConfig::CONFIG` instead of `::MAKEFILE_CONFIG` to fix installations that use Makefile macros. [[#1820](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1820)] (Thanks, [@nobu](https://github.com/nobu)!)
 * [JRuby] Decrease large memory usage when making nested XPath queries. [[#1749](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1749)]
 * [JRuby] Fix failing tests on JRuby 9.2.x
 * [JRuby] Fix default namespaces in nodes reparented into a different document [[#1774](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1774)]
@@ -385,10 +771,10 @@ If you're offended by what happened here, I'd kindly ask that you comment on the
 
 ### Added
 
-* Node#classes, #add_class, #append_class, and #remove_class are added.
-* NodeSet#append_class is added.
-* NodeSet#remove_attribute is a new alias for NodeSet#remove_attr.
-* NodeSet#each now returns an Enumerator when no block is passed (Thanks, [@park53kr](https://github.com/park53kr)!)
+* `Node#classes`, `#add_class`, `#append_class`, and `#remove_class` are added.
+* `NodeSet#append_class` is added.
+* `NodeSet#remove_attribute` is a new alias for `NodeSet#remove_attr`.
+* `NodeSet#each` now returns an `Enumerator` when no block is passed (Thanks, [@park53kr](https://github.com/park53kr)!)
 * [JRuby] General improvements in JRuby implementation (Thanks, [@kares](https://github.com/kares)!)
 
 
@@ -397,7 +783,7 @@ If you're offended by what happened here, I'd kindly ask that you comment on the
 * CSS attribute selectors now gracefully handle queries using integers. [[#711](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/711)]
 * Handle ASCII-8BIT encoding on fragment input [[#553](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/553)]
 * Handle non-string return values within `Reader` [[#898](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/898)]
-* [JRuby] Allow Node#replace to insert Comment and CDATA nodes. [[#1666](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1666)]
+* [JRuby] Allow `Node#replace` to insert Comment and CDATA nodes. [[#1666](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1666)]
 * [JRuby] Stability and speed improvements to `Node`, `Sax::PushParser`, and the JRuby implementation [[#1708](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1708), [#1710](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1710), [#1501](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1501)]
 
 
@@ -422,7 +808,7 @@ If you're offended by what happened here, I'd kindly ask that you comment on the
 
 ### Fixed
 
-* Node#serialize once again returns UTF-8-encoded strings. [[#1659](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1659)]
+* `Node#serialize` once again returns UTF-8-encoded strings. [[#1659](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1659)]
 * [JRuby] made SAX parsing of characters consistent with C implementation [[#1676](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1676)] (Thanks, [[@andrew](https://github.com/andrew)-aladev](https://github.com/andrew-aladev)!)
 * [MRI] Predefined entities, when inspected, no longer cause a segfault. [[#1238](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1238)]
 
@@ -439,7 +825,7 @@ If you're offended by what happened here, I'd kindly ask that you comment on the
 
 ### Fixed
 
-* NodeSet#first with an integer argument longer than the length of the NodeSet now correctly clamps the length of the returned NodeSet to the original length. [[#1650](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1650)] (Thanks, [@Derenge](https://github.com/Derenge)!)
+* `NodeSet#first` with an integer argument longer than the length of the `NodeSet` now correctly clamps the length of the returned `NodeSet` to the original length. [[#1650](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1650)] (Thanks, [@Derenge](https://github.com/Derenge)!)
 * [MRI] Ensure CData.new raises TypeError if the `content` argument is not implicitly convertible into a string. [[#1669](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1669)]
 
 
@@ -463,10 +849,10 @@ Please note that this deprecation note only applies to the precompiled Windows g
 
 ### Added
 
-* NodeSet#clone is now an alias for NodeSet#dup [[#1503](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1503)] (Thanks, [@stephankaag](https://github.com/stephankaag)!)
+* `NodeSet#clone` is now an alias for `NodeSet#dup` [[#1503](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1503)] (Thanks, [@stephankaag](https://github.com/stephankaag)!)
 * Allow Processing Instructions and Comments as children of a document root. [[#1033](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1033)] (Thanks, [@windwiny](https://github.com/windwiny)!)
-* [MRI] PushParser#replace_entities and #replace_entities= will control whether entities are replaced or not. [[#1017](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1017)] (Thanks, [@spraints](https://github.com/spraints)!)
-* [MRI] SyntaxError#to_s now includes line number, column number, and log level if made available by the parser. [[#1304](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1304), [#1637](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1637)] (Thanks, [@spk](https://github.com/spk) and [@ccarruitero](https://github.com/ccarruitero)!)
+* [MRI] `PushParser#replace_entities` and `#replace_entities=` will control whether entities are replaced or not. [[#1017](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1017)] (Thanks, [@spraints](https://github.com/spraints)!)
+* [MRI] `SyntaxError#to_s` now includes line number, column number, and log level if made available by the parser. [[#1304](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1304), [#1637](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1637)] (Thanks, [@spk](https://github.com/spk) and [@ccarruitero](https://github.com/ccarruitero)!)
 * [MRI] Cross-built Windows gems now support Ruby 2.4
 * [MRI] Support for frozen string literals. [[#1413](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1413)]
 * [MRI] Support for installing Nokogiri on a machine in FIPS-enabled mode [[#1544](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1544)]
@@ -478,16 +864,16 @@ Please note that this deprecation note only applies to the precompiled Windows g
 
 ### Fixed
 
-* HTML::SAX::Parser#parse_io now correctly parses HTML and not XML [[#1577](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1577)] (Thanks for the test case, [@gregors](https://github.com/gregors)!)
+* `HTML::SAX::Parser#parse_io` now correctly parses HTML and not XML [[#1577](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1577)] (Thanks for the test case, [@gregors](https://github.com/gregors)!)
 * Support installation on systems with a `lib64` site config. [[#1562](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1562)]
 * [MRI] on OpenBSD, do not require gcc if using system libraries [[#1515](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1515)] (Thanks, [@jeremyevans](https://github.com/jeremyevans)!)
-* [MRI] XML::Attr.new checks type of Document arg to prevent segfaults. [[#1477](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1477)]
+* [MRI] `XML::Attr.new` checks type of Document arg to prevent segfaults. [[#1477](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1477)]
 * [MRI] Prefer xmlCharStrdup (and friends) to strdup (and friends), which can cause problems on some platforms. [[#1517](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1517)] (Thanks, [@jeremy](https://github.com/jeremy)!)
 * [JRuby] correctly append a text node before another text node [[#1318](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1318)] (Thanks, [@jkraemer](https://github.com/jkraemer)!)
 * [JRuby] custom xpath functions returning an integer now work correctly [[#1595](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1595)] (Thanks, [@kares](https://github.com/kares)!)
 * [JRuby] serializing (`#to_html`, `#to_s`, et al) a document with explicit encoding now works correctly. [[#1281](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1281), [#1440](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1440)] (Thanks, [@kares](https://github.com/kares)!)
-* [JRuby] XML::Reader now returns parse errors [[#1586](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1586)] (Thanks, [@kares](https://github.com/kares)!)
-* [JRuby] Empty NodeSets are now decorated properly. [[#1319](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1319)] (Thanks, [@kares](https://github.com/kares)!)
+* [JRuby] `XML::Reader` now returns parse errors [[#1586](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1586)] (Thanks, [@kares](https://github.com/kares)!)
+* [JRuby] Empty `NodeSet`s are now decorated properly. [[#1319](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1319)] (Thanks, [@kares](https://github.com/kares)!)
 * [JRuby] Merged nodes no longer results in Java exceptions during XPath queries. [[#1320](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1320)] (Thanks, [@kares](https://github.com/kares)!)
 
 
@@ -582,10 +968,10 @@ See this libxslt email post for more:
 
 Several changes were made to improve performance:
 
-* [MRI] Simplify NodeSet#to_a with a minor speed-up. ([#1397](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1397))
-* XML::Node#ancestors optimization. ([#1297](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1297)) (Thanks, Bruno Sutic!)
-* Use Symbol#to_proc where we weren't previously. ([#1296](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1296)) (Thanks, Bruno Sutic!)
-* XML::DTD#each uses implicit block calls. (Thanks, [@glaucocustodio](https://github.com/glaucocustodio)!)
+* [MRI] Simplify `NodeSet#to_a` with a minor speed-up. ([#1397](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1397))
+* `XML::Node#ancestors` optimization. ([#1297](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1297)) (Thanks, Bruno Sutic!)
+* Use `Symbol#to_proc` where we weren't previously. ([#1296](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1296)) (Thanks, Bruno Sutic!)
+* `XML::DTD#each` uses implicit block calls. (Thanks, [@glaucocustodio](https://github.com/glaucocustodio)!)
 * Fall back to the `pkg-config` gem if we're having trouble finding the system libxml2. This should help many FreeBSD users. ([#1417](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1417))
 * Set document encoding appropriately even on blank document. ([#1043](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1043)) (Thanks, [@batter](https://github.com/batter)!)
 
@@ -594,7 +980,7 @@ Several changes were made to improve performance:
 
 * [JRuby] fix slow add_child ([#692](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/692))
 * [JRuby] fix load errors when deploying to JRuby/Torquebox ([#1114](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1114)) (Thanks, [@atambo](https://github.com/atambo) and [@jvshahid](https://github.com/jvshahid)!)
-* [JRuby] fix NPE when inspecting nodes returned by NodeSet#drop ([#1042](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1042)) (Thanks, [@mkristian](https://github.com/mkristian)!)
+* [JRuby] fix NPE when inspecting nodes returned by `NodeSet#drop` ([#1042](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1042)) (Thanks, [@mkristian](https://github.com/mkristian)!)
 * [JRuby] fix nil attriubte node's namespace in reader ([#1327](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1327)) (Thanks, [@codekitchen](https://github.com/codekitchen)!)
 * [JRuby] fix Nokogiri munging unicode characters that require more than 2 bytes ([#1113](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1113)) (Thanks, [@mkristian](https://github.com/mkristian)!)
 * [JRuby] allow unlinking an unparented node ([#1112](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1112), [#1152](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1152)) (Thanks, [@esse](https://github.com/esse)!)
@@ -605,7 +991,7 @@ Several changes were made to improve performance:
 * [MRI] Ensure C strings are null-terminated. ([#1381](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1381))
 * [MRI] Ensure Rubygems is loaded before using mini_portile2 at installation. ([#1393](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1393), [#1411](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1411)) (Thanks, [@JonRowe](https://github.com/JonRowe)!)
 * [MRI] Handling another edge case where the `libxml-ruby` gem's global callbacks were smashing the heap. ([#1426](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1426)). (Thanks to [@bbergstrom](https://github.com/bbergstrom) for providing an isolated test case!)
-* [MRI] Ensure encodings are passed to Sax::Parser xmldecl callback. ([#844](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/844))
+* [MRI] Ensure encodings are passed to `Sax::Parser` xmldecl callback. ([#844](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/844))
 * [MRI] Ensure default ns prefix is applied correctly when reparenting nodes to another document. ([#391](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/391)) (Thanks, [@ylecuyer](https://github.com/ylecuyer)!)
 * [MRI] Ensure Reader handles non-existent attributes as expected. ([#1254](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1254)) (Thanks, [@ccutrer](https://github.com/ccutrer)!)
 * [MRI] Cleanup around namespace handling when reparenting nodes. ([#1332](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1332), [#1333](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1333), [#1444](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1444)) (Thanks, [@cuttrer](https://github.com/cuttrer) and [@bradleybeddoes](https://github.com/bradleybeddoes)!)
@@ -679,7 +1065,7 @@ See [#1374](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1374) and [#1376](h
 ### Fixed
 
 * [JRuby] reset the namespace cache when replacing the document's innerHtml ([#1265](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1265)) (Thanks, [@mkristian](https://github.com/mkristian)!)
-* [JRuby] Document#parse should support IO objects that respond to #read. ([#1124](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1124)) (Thanks, Jake Byman!)
+* [JRuby] `Document#parse` should support IO objects that respond to `#read`. ([#1124](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1124)) (Thanks, Jake Byman!)
 * [MRI] Duplicate-id errors when setting the `id` attribute on HTML documents are now silenced. ([#1262](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1262))
 * [JRuby] SAX parser cuts texts in pieces when square brackets exist. ([#1261](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1261))
 * [JRuby] Namespaced attributes aren't removed by remove_attribute. ([#1299](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1299))
@@ -723,19 +1109,19 @@ Note that 1.6.6.0 was not released.
 
 ### Added
 
-* Unified Node and NodeSet implementations of #search, #xpath and #css.
-* Added Node#lang and Node#lang=.
-* bin/nokogiri passes the URI to parse() if an HTTP URL is given.
-* bin/nokogiri now loads ~/.nokogirirc so user can define helper methods, etc.
-* bin/nokogiri can be configured to use Pry instead of IRB by adding a couple of lines to ~/.nokogirirc. ([#1198](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1198))
-* bin/nokogiri can better handle urls from STDIN (aiding use of xargs). ([#1065](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1065))
+* Unified `Node` and `NodeSet` implementations of `#search`, `#xpath` and `#css`.
+* Added `Node#lang` and `Node#lang=`.
+* `bin/nokogiri` passes the URI to `parse()` if an HTTP URL is given.
+* `bin/nokogiri` now loads `~/.nokogirirc` so user can define helper methods, etc.
+* `bin/nokogiri` can be configured to use Pry instead of IRB by adding a couple of lines to ~/.nokogirirc. ([#1198](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1198))
+* `bin/nokogiri` can better handle urls from STDIN (aiding use of xargs). ([#1065](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1065))
 * JRuby 9K support.
 
 
 ### Fixed
 
-* DocumentFragment#search now matches against root nodes. ([#1205](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1205))
-* (MRI) More fixes related to handling libxml2 parse errors during DocumentFragment#dup. ([#1196](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1196))
+* `DocumentFragment#search` now matches against root nodes. ([#1205](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1205))
+* (MRI) More fixes related to handling libxml2 parse errors during `DocumentFragment#dup`. ([#1196](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1196))
 * (JRuby) Builder now handles namespace hrefs properly when there is a default ns. ([#1039](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1039))
 * (JRuby) Clear the XPath cache on attr removal. ([#1109](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1109))
 * `XML::Comment.new` argument types are now consistent and safe (and documented) across MRI and JRuby. ([#1224](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1224))
@@ -748,14 +1134,14 @@ Note that 1.6.6.0 was not released.
 
 ### Added
 
-* Implement Slop#respond_to_missing?. ([#1176](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1176))
+* Implement `Slop#respond_to_missing?`. ([#1176](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1176))
 * Optimized the XPath query generated by an `an+b` CSS query.
 
 
 ### Fixed
 
-* Capture non-parse errors from Document#dup in Document#errors. ([#1196](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1196))
-* (JRuby) Document#canonicalize parameters are now consistent with MRI. ([#1189](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1189))
+* Capture non-parse errors from `Document#dup` in `Document#errors`. ([#1196](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1196))
+* (JRuby) `Document#canonicalize` parameters are now consistent with MRI. ([#1189](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1189))
 
 
 ## 1.6.4.1 / 2014-11-05
@@ -778,7 +1164,7 @@ Note that 1.6.6.0 was not released.
 
 ### Fixed
 
-* (MRI) Fix DocumentFragment#element_children ([#1138](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1138)).
+* (MRI) Fix `DocumentFragment#element_children` ([#1138](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1138)).
 * Fix a bug with CSS attribute selector without any prefix where "foo [bar]" was treated as "foo[bar]". ([#1174](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1174))
 
 
@@ -793,7 +1179,7 @@ Note that 1.6.6.0 was not released.
 
 ### Added
 
-* Added Node#document? and Node#processing_instruction?
+* Added `Node#document?` and `Node#processing_instruction?`
 
 
 ### Fixed
@@ -801,8 +1187,8 @@ Note that 1.6.6.0 was not released.
 * [JRuby] Fix Ruby memory exhaustion vulnerability. [#1087](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1087) (Thanks, [@ocher](https://github.com/ocher))
 * [MRI] Fix segfault during GC when using `libxml-ruby` and `nokogiri` together in multi-threaded environment. [#895](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/895) (Thanks, [@ender672](https://github.com/ender672)!)
 * Building on OSX 10.9 stock ruby 2.0.0 now works. [#1101](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1101) (Thanks, [@zenspider](https://github.com/zenspider)!)
-* Node#parse now works again for HTML document nodes (broken in 1.6.2+).
-* Processing instructions can now be added via Node#add_next_sibling.
+* `Node#parse` now works again for HTML document nodes (broken in 1.6.2+).
+* Processing instructions can now be added via `Node#add_next_sibling`.
 
 
 ## 1.6.2.1 / 2014-05-13
@@ -834,31 +1220,31 @@ Now requires libxml >= 2.6.21 (was previously >= 2.6.17).
 
 * Add cross building of fat binary gems for 64-Bit Windows (x64-mingw32) and add support for native builds on Windows. [#864](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/864), [#989](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/989), [#1072](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1072)
 * (MRI) Alias CP932 to Windows-31J if iconv does not support Windows-31J.
-* (MRI) Nokogiri now links packaged libraries statically. To disable static linking, pass --disable-static to extconf.rb. [#923](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/923)
+* (MRI) Nokogiri now links packaged libraries statically. To disable static linking, pass --disable-static to `extconf.rb`. [#923](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/923)
 * (MRI) Fix a library path (LIBPATH) precedence problem caused by CRuby bug [#9760](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/9760).
-* (MRI) Nokogiri automatically deletes directories of packaged libraries only used during build. To keep them for debugging purposes, pass --disable-clean to extconf.rb. [#952](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/952)
+* (MRI) Nokogiri automatically deletes directories of packaged libraries only used during build. To keep them for debugging purposes, pass --disable-clean to `extconf.rb`. [#952](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/952)
 * (MRI) Nokogiri now builds libxml2 properly with iconv support on platforms where libiconv is installed outside the system default directories, such as FreeBSD.
 * Add support for an-b in nth selectors. [#886](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/886) (Thanks, Magnus Bergmark!)
-* Add support for bare and multiple :not() functions in selectors. [#887](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/887) (Thanks, Magnus Bergmark!)
-* (MRI) Add an extconf.rb option --use-system-libraries, alternative to setting the environment variable NOKOGIRI_USE_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES.
+* Add support for bare and multiple `:not()` functions in selectors. [#887](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/887) (Thanks, Magnus Bergmark!)
+* (MRI) Add an `extconf.rb` option --use-system-libraries, alternative to setting the environment variable NOKOGIRI_USE_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES.
 * (MRI) Update packaged libraries: libxslt to 1.1.28, zlib to 1.2.8, and libiconv to 1.14, respectively.
-* Nokogiri::HTML::Document#title= and #meta_encoding= now always add an element if not present, trying hard to find the best place to put it.
-* Nokogiri::XML::DTD#html_dtd? and #html5_dtd? are added.
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#prepend_child is added. [#664](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/664)
-* Nokogiri::XML::SAX::ParserContext#recovery is added. [#453](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/453)
-* Fix documentation for XML::Node#namespace. [#803](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/803) [#802](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/802) (Thanks, Hoylen Sue)
-* Allow Nokogiri::XML::Node#parse from unparented non-element nodes. [#407](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/407)
+* `Nokogiri::HTML::Document#title=` and `#meta_encoding`= now always add an element if not present, trying hard to find the best place to put it.
+* `Nokogiri::XML::DTD#html_dtd?` and `#html5_dtd?` are added.
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#prepend_child` is added. [#664](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/664)
+* `Nokogiri::XML::SAX::ParserContext#recovery` is added. [#453](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/453)
+* Fix documentation for `XML::Node#namespace`. [#803](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/803) [#802](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/802) (Thanks, Hoylen Sue)
+* Allow `Nokogiri::XML::Node#parse` from unparented non-element nodes. [#407](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/407)
 
 ### Fixed
 
 * Ensure :only-child pseudo class works within :not pseudo class. [#858](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/858) (Thanks, Yamagishi Kazutoshi!)
-* Don't call pkg_config when using bundled libraries in extconf.rb [#931](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/931) (Thanks, Shota Fukumori!)
-* Nokogiri.parse() does not mistake a non-HTML document like a RSS document as HTML document. [#932](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/932) (Thanks, Yamagishi Kazutoshi!)
+* Don't call pkg_config when using bundled libraries in `extconf.rb` [#931](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/931) (Thanks, Shota Fukumori!)
+* `Nokogiri.parse()` does not mistake a non-HTML document like a RSS document as HTML document. [#932](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/932) (Thanks, Yamagishi Kazutoshi!)
 * (MRI) Perform a node type check before adding a child node to another. Previously adding a text node to another as a child could cause a SEGV. [#1092](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1092)
 * (JRuby) XSD validation crashes in Java version. [#373](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/373)
 * (JRuby) Document already has a root node error while using Builder. [#646](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/646)
 * (JRuby) c14n tests are all passing on JRuby. [#226](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/226)
-* Parsing empty documents raise SyntaxError in strict mode. [#1005](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1005)
+* Parsing empty documents raise `SyntaxError` in strict mode. [#1005](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1005)
 * (JRuby) Make xpath faster by caching the xpath context. [#741](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/741)
 * (JRuby) XML SAX push parser leaks memory on JRuby, but not on MRI. [#998](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/998)
 * (JRuby) Inconsistent behavior aliasing the default namespace. [#940](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/940)
@@ -947,7 +1333,7 @@ mentioned in the notes for v1.5.10.
 
 * (JRuby) Fix EmptyStackException thrown by elements with xlink:href attributes and no base_uri [#534](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/534), [#805](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/805). (Thanks, Patrick Quinn and Brian Hoffman!)
 * Fixes duplicate attributes issue introduced in 1.5.7. [#865](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/865)
-* Allow use of a prefixed namespace on a root node using Nokogiri::XML::Builder [#868](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/868)
+* Allow use of a prefixed namespace on a root node using `Nokogiri::XML::Builder` [#868](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/868)
 
 
 ## 1.5.7 / 2013-03-18
@@ -959,14 +1345,14 @@ mentioned in the notes for v1.5.10.
 
 ### Fixed
 
-* SAX::Parser.parse_io throw an error when used with lower case encoding. [#828](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/828)
+* `SAX::Parser.parse_io` throw an error when used with lower case encoding. [#828](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/828)
 * (JRuby) Java Nokogiri is finally green (passes all tests) under 1.8 and 1.9 mode. High five everyone. [#798](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/798), [#705](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/705)
-* (JRuby) Nokogiri::XML::Reader broken (as a pull parser) on jruby - reads the whole XML document. [#831](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/831)
+* (JRuby) `Nokogiri::XML::Reader` broken (as a pull parser) on jruby - reads the whole XML document. [#831](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/831)
 * (JRuby) JRuby hangs parsing "&amp;". [#837](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/837)
 * (JRuby) JRuby NPE parsing an invalid XML instruction. [#838](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/838)
-* (JRuby) Node#content= incompatibility. [#839](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/839)
+* (JRuby) `Node#content=` incompatibility. [#839](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/839)
 * (JRuby) to_xhtml doesn't print the last slash for self-closing tags in JRuby. [#834](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/834)
-* (JRuby) Adding an EntityReference after a Text node mangles the entity in JRuby. [#835](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/835)
+* (JRuby) Adding an `EntityReference` after a Text node mangles the entity in JRuby. [#835](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/835)
 * (JRuby) JRuby version inconsistency: nil for empty attributes. [#818](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/818)
 * CSS queries for classes (e.g., ".foo") now treat all whitespace identically. [#854](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/854)
 * Namespace behavior cleaned up and made consistent between JRuby and MRI. [#846](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/846), [#801](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/801) (Thanks, Michael Klein!)
@@ -977,14 +1363,14 @@ mentioned in the notes for v1.5.10.
 
 ### Added
 
-* Improved performance of XML::Document#collect_namespaces. [#761](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/761) (Thanks, Juergen Mangler!)
-* New callback SAX::Document#processing_instruction (Thanks, Kitaiti Makoto!)
-* Node#native_content= allows setting unescaped node contant. [#768](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/768)
+* Improved performance of `XML::Document#collect_namespaces`. [#761](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/761) (Thanks, Juergen Mangler!)
+* New callback `SAX::Document#processing_instruction` (Thanks, Kitaiti Makoto!)
+* `Node#native_content=` allows setting unescaped node content. [#768](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/768)
 * XPath lookup with namespaces supports symbol keys. [#729](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/729) (Thanks, Ben Langfeld.)
-* XML::Node#[]= stringifies values. [#729](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/729) (Thanks, Ben Langfeld.)
-* bin/nokogiri will process a document from $stdin
-* bin/nokogiri -e will execute a program from the command line
-* (JRuby) bin/nokogiri --version will print the Xerces and NekoHTML versions.
+* `XML::Node#[]=` stringifies values. [#729](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/729) (Thanks, Ben Langfeld.)
+* `bin/nokogiri` will process a document from $stdin
+* `bin/nokogiri -e` will execute a program from the command line
+* (JRuby) `bin/nokogiri --version` will print the Xerces and NekoHTML versions.
 
 
 ### Fixed
@@ -994,15 +1380,15 @@ mentioned in the notes for v1.5.10.
 * Raise an ArgumentError if an invalid encoding is passed to the SAX parser. [#756](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/756) (Thanks, Bradley Schaefer!)
 * Prefixed element inconsistency between CRuby and JRuby. [#712](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/712)
 * (JRuby) space prior to xml preamble causes nokogiri to fail parsing. (fixed along with [#748](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/748)) [#790](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/790)
-* (JRuby) Fixed the bug Nokogiri::XML::Node#content inconsistency between Java and C. [#794](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/794), [#797](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/797)
+* (JRuby) Fixed the bug `Nokogiri::XML::Node#content` inconsistency between Java and C. [#794](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/794), [#797](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/797)
 * (JRuby) raises INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR exception when EntityReference name starts with '#'. [#719](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/719)
 * (JRuby) doesn't coerce namespaces out of strings on a direct subclass of Node. [#715](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/715)
-* (JRuby) Node#content now renders newlines properly. [#737](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/737) (Thanks, Piotr Szmielew!)
+* (JRuby) `Node#content` now renders newlines properly. [#737](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/737) (Thanks, Piotr Szmielew!)
 * (JRuby) Unknown namespace are ignore when the recover option is used. [#748](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/748)
 * (JRuby) XPath queries for namespaces should not throw exceptions when called twice in a row. [#764](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/764)
 * (JRuby) More consistent (with libxml2) whitespace formatting when emitting XML. [#771](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/771)
 * (JRuby) namespaced attributes broken when appending raw xml to builder. [#770](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/770)
-* (JRuby) Nokogiri::XML::Document#wrap raises undefined method `length' for nil:NilClass when trying to << to a node. [#781](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/781)
+* (JRuby) `Nokogiri::XML::Document#wrap` raises undefined method `length' for nil:NilClass when trying to << to a node. [#781](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/781)
 * (JRuby) Fixed "bad file descriptor" bug when closing open file descriptors. [#495](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/495)
 * (JRuby) JRuby/CRuby incompatibility for attribute decorators. [#785](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/785)
 * (JRuby) Issues parsing valid XML with no internal subset in the DTD. [#547](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/547), [#811](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/811)
@@ -1026,10 +1412,10 @@ mentioned in the notes for v1.5.10.
 * JRuby 1.9 error, uncaught throw 'encoding_found', has been fixed. [#673](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/673)
 * Invalid encoding returned in JRuby with US-ASCII. [#583](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/583)
 * XmlSaxPushParser raises IndexOutOfBoundsException when over 512 characters are given. [#567](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/567), [#615](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/615)
-* When xpath evaluation returns empty NodeSet, decorating NodeSet's base document raises exception. [#514](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/514)
+* When xpath evaluation returns empty `NodeSet`, decorating `NodeSet`'s base document raises exception. [#514](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/514)
 * JRuby raises exception when xpath with namespace is specified. pull request [#681](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/681) (Thanks, Piotr Szmielew)
 * JRuby renders nodes without their namespace when subclassing Node. [#695](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/695)
-* JRuby raises NAMESPACE_ERR (org.w3c.dom.DOMException) while instantiating RDF::RDFXML::Writer. [#683](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/683)
+* JRuby raises NAMESPACE_ERR (org.w3c.dom.DOMException) while instantiating `RDF::RDFXML::Writer`. [#683](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/683)
 * JRuby is not able to use namespaces in xpath. [#493](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/493)
 * JRuby's Entity resolving should be consistent with C-Nokogiri [#704](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/704), [#647](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/647), [#703](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/703)
 
@@ -1046,7 +1432,7 @@ mentioned in the notes for v1.5.10.
 ### Fixed
 
 * Segmentation fault when creating a comment node for a DocumentFragment. [#677](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/677), [#678](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/678).
-* Treat '.' as xpath in at() and search(). [#690](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/690)
+* Treat '.' as xpath in `at()` and `search()`. [#690](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/690)
 
 ### Security
 
@@ -1071,13 +1457,13 @@ Insert your own joke about double-negatives here.
 ### Fixed
 
 * Custom xpath functions with empty nodeset arguments cause a segfault. [#634](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/634).
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#css now works for XML documents with default namespaces when the rule contains attribute selector without namespace.
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#css` now works for XML documents with default namespaces when the rule contains attribute selector without namespace.
 * Fixed marshalling bugs around how arguments are passed to (and returned from) XSLT custom xpath functions. [#640](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/640).
-* Nokogiri::XML::Reader#outer_xml is broken in JRuby [#617](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/617)
-* Nokogiri::XML::Attribute on JRuby returns a nil namespace [#647](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/647)
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#namespace= cannot set a namespace without a prefix on JRuby [#648](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/648)
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Reader#outer_xml` is broken in JRuby [#617](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/617)
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Attribute` on JRuby returns a nil namespace [#647](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/647)
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#namespace=` cannot set a namespace without a prefix on JRuby [#648](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/648)
 * (JRuby) 1.9 mode causes dead lock while running rake [#571](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/571)
-* HTML::Document#meta_encoding does not raise exception on docs with malformed content-type. [#655](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/655)
+* `HTML::Document#meta_encoding` does not raise exception on docs with malformed content-type. [#655](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/655)
 * Fixing segfault related to unsupported encodings in in-context parsing on 1.8.7. [#643](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/643)
 * (JRuby) Concurrency issue in XPath parsing. [#682](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/682)
 
@@ -1091,9 +1477,9 @@ Repackaging of 1.5.1 with a gemspec that is compatible with older Rubies. [#631]
 
 ### Added
 
-* XML::Builder#comment allows creation of comment nodes.
+* `XML::Builder#comment` allows creation of comment nodes.
 * CSS searches now support namespaced attributes. [#593](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/593)
-* Java integration feature is added. Now, XML::Document.wrap and XML::Document#to_java methods are available.
+* Java integration feature is added. Now, `XML::Document.wrap` and `XML::Document#to_java` methods are available.
 * RelaxNG validator support in the `nokogiri` cli utility. [#591](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/591) (thanks, Dan Radez!)
 
 ### Fixed
@@ -1101,15 +1487,15 @@ Repackaging of 1.5.1 with a gemspec that is compatible with older Rubies. [#631]
 * Fix many memory leaks and segfault opportunities. Thanks, Tim Elliott!
 * extconf searches homebrew paths if homebrew is installed.
 * Inconsistent behavior of Nokogiri 1.5.0 Java [#620](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/620)
-* Inheriting from Nokogiri::XML::Node on JRuby (1.6.4/5) fails [#560](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/560)
-* XML::Attr nodes are not allowed to be added as node children, so an exception is raised. [#558](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/558)
-* No longer defensively "pickle" adjacent text nodes on Node#add_next_sibling and Node#add_previous_sibling calls. [#595](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/595).
+* Inheriting from `Nokogiri::XML::Node` on JRuby (1.6.4/5) fails [#560](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/560)
+* `XML::Attr` nodes are not allowed to be added as node children, so an exception is raised. [#558](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/558)
+* No longer defensively "pickle" adjacent text nodes on `Node#add_next_sibling` and `Node#add_previous_sibling` calls. [#595](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/595).
 * Java version inconsistency: it returns nil for empty attributes [#589](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/589)
-* to_xhtml incorrectly generates <p /></p> when tag is empty [#557](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/557)
-* Document#add_child now accepts a Node, NodeSet, DocumentFragment, or String. [#546](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/546).
-* Document#create_element now recognizes namespaces containing non-word characters (like "SOAP-ENV"). This is mostly relevant to users of Builder, which calls Document#create_element for nearly everything. [#531](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/531).
+* to_xhtml incorrectly generates `<p /></p>` when tag is empty [#557](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/557)
+* `Document#add_child` now accepts a `Node`, `NodeSet`, `DocumentFragment`, or `String`. [#546](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/546).
+* `Document#create_element` now recognizes namespaces containing non-word characters (like "SOAP-ENV"). This is mostly relevant to users of Builder, which calls `Document#create_element` for nearly everything. [#531](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/531).
 * File encoding broken in 1.5.0 / jruby / windows [#529](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/529)
-* Java version does not return namespace defs as attrs for ::HTML [#542](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/542)
+* Java version does not return namespace defs as attrs for `::HTML` [#542](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/542)
 * Bad file descriptor with Nokogiri 1.5.0 [#495](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/495)
 * remove_namespace! doesn't work in pure java version [#492](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/492)
 * The Nokogiri Java native build throws a null pointer exception when ActiveSupport's .blank? method is called directly on a parsed object. [#489](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/489)
@@ -1118,9 +1504,9 @@ Repackaging of 1.5.1 with a gemspec that is compatible with older Rubies. [#631]
 * Nokogiri 1.5.0 XML generation broken on JRuby [#484](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/484)
 * Do not allow multiple root nodes. [#550](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/550)
 * Fixes for custom XPath functions. [#605](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/605), [#606](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/606) (thanks, Juan Wajnerman!)
-* Node#to_xml does not override :save_with if it is provided. [#505](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/505)
-* Node#set is a private method (JRuby). [#564](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/564) (thanks, Nick Sieger!)
-* C14n cleanup and Node#canonicalize (thanks, Ivan Pirlik!) [#563](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/563)
+* `Node#to_xml` does not override `:save_with` if it is provided. [#505](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/505)
+* `Node#set` is a private method (JRuby). [#564](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/564) (thanks, Nick Sieger!)
+* C14n cleanup and `Node#canonicalize` (thanks, Ivan Pirlik!) [#563](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/563)
 
 
 ## 1.5.0 / 2011-07-01
@@ -1131,14 +1517,14 @@ Repackaging of 1.5.1 with a gemspec that is compatible with older Rubies. [#631]
 
 ### Added
 
-* extracted sets of Node::SaveOptions into Node::SaveOptions::DEFAULT_{X,H,XH}TML (refactor)
+* extracted sets of `Node::SaveOptions` into `Node::SaveOptions::DEFAULT_{X,H,XH}TML` (refactor)
 
 ### Fixed
 
 * default output of XML on JRuby is no longer formatted due to inconsistent whitespace handling. [#415](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/415)
-* (JRuby) making empty NodeSets with null `nodes` member safe to operate on. [#443](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/443)
+* (JRuby) making empty `NodeSet`s with null `nodes` member safe to operate on. [#443](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/443)
 * Fix a bug in advanced encoding detection that leads to partially duplicated document when parsing an HTML file with unknown encoding.
-* Add support for <meta charset="...">.
+* Add support for `<meta charset="...">`.
 
 
 ## 1.5.0 beta3 / 2010-12-02
@@ -1150,7 +1536,7 @@ Repackaging of 1.5.1 with a gemspec that is compatible with older Rubies. [#631]
 
 ### Fixed
 
-* Node#inner_text no longer returns nil. (JRuby) [#264](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/264)
+* `Node#inner_text` no longer returns nil. (JRuby) [#264](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/264)
 
 
 ## 1.5.0 beta2 / 2010-07-30
@@ -1195,68 +1581,68 @@ Repackaging of 1.5.1 with a gemspec that is compatible with older Rubies. [#631]
 
 ### Added
 
-* Nokogiri::HTML::Document#title accessor gets and sets the document title.
-* extracted sets of Node::SaveOptions into Node::SaveOptions::DEFAULT_{X,H,XH}TML (refactor)
-* Raise an exception if a string is passed to Nokogiri::XML::Schema#validate. [#406](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/406)
+* `Nokogiri::HTML::Document#title` accessor gets and sets the document title.
+* extracted sets of `Node::SaveOptions` into `Node::SaveOptions::DEFAULT_{X,H,XH}TML` (refactor)
+* Raise an exception if a string is passed to `Nokogiri::XML::Schema#validate`. [#406](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/406)
 
 ### Fixed
 
-* Node#serialize-and-friends now accepts a SaveOption object as the, erm, save object.
-* Nokogiri::CSS::Parser has-a Nokogiri::CSS::Tokenizer
+* `Node#serialize`-and-friends now accepts a `SaveOption` object as the, erm, save object.
+* `Nokogiri::CSS::Parser` has-a `Nokogiri::CSS::Tokenizer`
 * (JRUBY+FFI only) Weak references are now threadsafe. [#355](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/355)
-* Make direct start_element() callback (currently used for HTML::SAX::Parser) pass attributes in assoc array, just as emulated start_element() callback does.  rel. [#356](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/356)
-* HTML::SAX::Parser should call back a block given to parse*() if any, just as XML::SAX::Parser does.
+* Make direct `start_element()` callback (currently used for `HTML::SAX::Parser`) pass attributes in assoc array, just as emulated `start_element()` callback does.  rel. [#356](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/356)
+* `HTML::SAX::Parser` should call back a block given to `parse*()` if any, just as `XML::SAX::Parser` does.
 * Add further encoding detection to HTML parser that libxml2 does not do.
-* Document#remove_namespaces! now handles attributes with namespaces. [#396](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/396)
-* XSLT::Stylesheet#transform no longer segfaults when handed a non-XML::Document. [#452](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/452)
-* XML::Reader no longer segfaults when under GC pressure. [#439](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/439)
+* `Document#remove_namespaces!` now handles attributes with namespaces. [#396](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/396)
+* `XSLT::Stylesheet#transform` no longer segfaults when handed a non-`XML::Document`. [#452](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/452)
+* `XML::Reader` no longer segfaults when under GC pressure. [#439](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/439)
 
 
 ## 1.4.4 / 2010-11-15
 
 ### Added
 
-* XML::Node#children= sets the node's inner html (much like #inner_html=), but returns the reparent node(s).
+* `XML::Node#children=` sets the node's inner html (much like #inner_html=), but returns the reparent node(s).
 * XSLT supports function extensions. [#336](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/336)
 * XPath bind parameter substitution. [#329](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/329)
-* XML::Reader node type constants. [#369](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/369)
+* `XML::Reader` node type constants. [#369](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/369)
 * SAX Parser context provides line and column information
 
 ### Fixed
 
-* XML::DTD#attributes returns an empty hash instead of nil when there are no attributes.
-* XML::DTD#{keys,each} now work as expected. [#324](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/324)
-* {XML,HTML}::DocumentFragment.{new,parse} no longer strip leading and trailing whitespace. [#319](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/319)
-* XML::Node#{add_child,add_previous_sibling,add_next_sibling,replace} return a NodeSet when passed a string.
+* `XML::DTD#attributes` returns an empty hash instead of nil when there are no attributes.
+* `XML::DTD#{keys,each}` now work as expected. [#324](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/324)
+* `{XML,HTML}::DocumentFragment.{new,parse}` no longer strip leading and trailing whitespace. [#319](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/319)
+* `XML::Node#{add_child,add_previous_sibling,add_next_sibling,replace}` return a `NodeSet` when passed a string.
 * Unclosed tags parsed more robustly in fragments. [#315](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/315)
-* XML::Node#{replace,add_previous_sibling,add_next_sibling} edge cases fixed related to libxml's text node merging. [#308](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/308)
+* `XML::Node#{replace,add_previous_sibling,add_next_sibling}` edge cases fixed related to libxml's text node merging. [#308](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/308)
 * Fixed a segfault when GC occurs during xpath handler argument marshalling. [#345](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/345)
-* Added hack to Slop decorator to work with previously defined methods. [#330](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/330)
+* Added hack to `Slop` decorator to work with previously defined methods. [#330](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/330)
 * Fix a memory leak when duplicating child nodes. [#353](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/353)
-* Fixed off-by-one bug with nth-last-{child,of-type} CSS selectors when NOT using an+b notation. [#354](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/354)
-* Fixed passing of non-namespace attributes to SAX::Document#start_element. [#356](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/356)
+* Fixed off-by-one bug with `nth-last-{child,of-type}` CSS selectors when NOT using `an+b` notation. [#354](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/354)
+* Fixed passing of non-namespace attributes to `SAX::Document#start_element`. [#356](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/356)
 * Workaround for libxml2 in-context parsing bug. [#362](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/362)
-* Fixed NodeSet#wrap on nodes within a fragment. [#331](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/331)
+* Fixed `NodeSet#wrap` on nodes within a fragment. [#331](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/331)
 
 
 ## 1.4.3 / 2010-07-28
 
 ### Added
 
-* XML::Reader#empty_element? returns true for empty elements. [#262](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/262)
-* Node#remove_namespaces! now removes namespace *declarations* as well. [#294](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/294)
-* NodeSet#at_xpath, NodeSet#at_css and NodeSet#> do what the corresponding methods of Node do.
+* `XML::Reader#empty_element?` returns true for empty elements. [#262](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/262)
+* `Node#remove_namespaces!` now removes namespace *declarations* as well. [#294](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/294)
+* `NodeSet#at_xpath`, `NodeSet#at_css` and `NodeSet#>` do what the corresponding methods of `Node` do.
 
 ### Fixed
 
-* XML::NodeSet#{include?,delete,push} accept an XML::Namespace
-* XML::Document#parse added for parsing in the context of a document
-* XML::DocumentFragment#inner_html= works with contextual parsing! [#298](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/298), [#281](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/281)
-* lib/nokogiri/css/parser.y Combined CSS functions + pseudo selectors fixed
+* `XML::NodeSet#{include?,delete,push}` accept an `XML::Namespace`
+* `XML::Document#parse` added for parsing in the context of a document
+* `XML::DocumentFragment#inner_html=` works with contextual parsing! [#298](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/298), [#281](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/281)
+* `lib/nokogiri/css/parser.y` Combined CSS functions + pseudo selectors fixed
 * Reparenting text nodes is safe, even when the operation frees adjacent merged nodes. [#283](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/283)
-* Fixed libxml2 versionitis issue with xmlFirstElementChild et al. [#303](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/303)
-* XML::Attr#add_namespace now works as expected. [#252](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/252)
-* HTML::DocumentFragment uses the string's encoding. [#305](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/305)
+* Fixed libxml2 versionitis issue with `xmlFirstElementChild` et al. [#303](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/303)
+* `XML::Attr#add_namespace` now works as expected. [#252](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/252)
+* `HTML::DocumentFragment` uses the string's encoding. [#305](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/305)
 * Fix the CSS3 selector translation rule for the general sibling combinator (a.k.a. preceding selector) that incorrectly converted "E ~ F G" to "//F//G[preceding-sibling::E]".
 
 
@@ -1264,32 +1650,32 @@ Repackaging of 1.5.1 with a gemspec that is compatible with older Rubies. [#631]
 
 ### Added
 
-* XML::Node#parse will parse XML or HTML fragments with respect to the context node.
-* XML::Node#namespaces returns all namespaces defined in the node and all ancestor nodes (previously did not return ancestors' namespace definitions).
-* Added Enumerable to XML::Node
-* Nokogiri::XML::Schema#validate now uses xmlSchemaValidateFile if a filename is passed, which is faster and more memory-efficient. GH [#219](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/219)
-* XML::Document#create_entity will create new EntityDecl objects. GH [#174](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/174)
-* JRuby FFI implementation no longer uses ObjectSpace._id2ref, instead using Charles Nutter's rocking Weakling gem.
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#first_element_child fetch the first child node that is an ELEMENT node.
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#last_element_child fetch the last child node that is an ELEMENT node.
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#elements fetch all children nodes that are ELEMENT nodes.
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#add_child, #add_previous_sibling, #before, #add_next_sibling, #after, #inner_html, #swap and #replace all now accept a Node, DocumentFragment, NodeSet, or a string containing markup.
-* Node#fragment? indicates whether a node is a DocumentFragment.
-
-### Fixed
-
-* XML::NodeSet is now always decorated (if the document has decorators). GH [#198](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/198)
-* XML::NodeSet#slice gracefully handles offset+length larger than the set length. GH [#200](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/200)
-* XML::Node#content= safely unlinks previous content. GH [#203](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/203)
-* XML::Node#namespace= takes nil as a parameter
-* XML::Node#xpath returns things other than NodeSet objects. GH [#208](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/208)
-* XSLT::StyleSheet#transform accepts hashes for parameters. GH [#223](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/223)
-* Psuedo selectors inside not() work. GH [#205](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/205)
-* XML::Builder doesn't break when nodes are unlinked. Thanks to vihai! GH [#228](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/228)
+* `XML::Node#parse` will parse XML or HTML fragments with respect to the context node.
+* `XML::Node#namespaces` returns all namespaces defined in the node and all ancestor nodes (previously did not return ancestors' namespace definitions).
+* Added `Enumerable` to `XML::Node`
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Schema#validate` now uses xmlSchemaValidateFile if a filename is passed, which is faster and more memory-efficient. GH [#219](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/219)
+* `XML::Document#create_entity` will create new `EntityDecl` objects. GH [#174](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/174)
+* JRuby FFI implementation no longer uses `ObjectSpace._id2ref`, instead using Charles Nutter's rocking Weakling gem.
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#first_element_child` fetch the first child node that is an ELEMENT node.
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#last_element_child` fetch the last child node that is an ELEMENT node.
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#elements` fetch all children nodes that are ELEMENT nodes.
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#add_child`, `#add_previous_sibling`, `#before`, `#add_next_sibling`, `#after`, `#inner_html`, `#swap` and `#replace` all now accept a `Node`, `DocumentFragment`, `NodeSet`, or a string containing markup.
+* `Node#fragment?` indicates whether a node is a `DocumentFragment`.
+
+### Fixed
+
+* `XML::NodeSet` is now always decorated (if the document has decorators). GH [#198](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/198)
+* `XML::NodeSet#slice` gracefully handles offset+length larger than the set length. GH [#200](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/200)
+* `XML::Node#content=` safely unlinks previous content. GH [#203](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/203)
+* `XML::Node#namespace=` takes nil as a parameter
+* `XML::Node#xpath` returns things other than `NodeSet` objects. GH [#208](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/208)
+* `XSLT::StyleSheet#transform` accepts hashes for parameters. GH [#223](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/223)
+* Psuedo selectors inside `not()` work. GH [#205](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/205)
+* `XML::Builder` doesn't break when nodes are unlinked. Thanks to vihai! GH [#228](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/228)
 * Encoding can be forced on the SAX parser. Thanks Eugene Pimenov! GH [#204](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/204)
-* XML::DocumentFragment uses XML::Node#parse to determine children.
+* `XML::DocumentFragment` uses `XML::Node#parse` to determine children.
 * Fixed a memory leak in xml reader. Thanks sdor! GH [#244](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/244)
-* Node#replace returns the new child node as claimed in the RDoc. Previously returned +self+.
+* `Node#replace` returns the new child node as claimed in the RDoc. Previously returned +self+.
 
 ### Notes
 
@@ -1300,30 +1686,30 @@ Repackaging of 1.5.1 with a gemspec that is compatible with older Rubies. [#631]
 
 ### Added
 
-* Added Nokogiri::LIBXML_ICONV_ENABLED
-* Alias Node#[] to Node#attr
-* XML::Node#next_element added
-* XML::Node#> added for searching a nodes immediate children
-* XML::NodeSet#reverse added
-* Added fragment support to Node#add_child, Node#add_next_sibling, Node#add_previous_sibling, and Node#replace.
-* XML::Node#previous_element implemented
+* Added `Nokogiri::LIBXML_ICONV_ENABLED`
+* Alias `Node#[]` to `Node#attr`
+* `XML::Node#next_element` added
+* `XML::Node#>` added for searching a nodes immediate children
+* `XML::NodeSet#reverse` added
+* Added fragment support to `Node#add_child`, `Node#add_next_sibling`, `Node#add_previous_sibling`, and `Node#replace`.
+* `XML::Node#previous_element` implemented
 * Rubinius support
-* Ths CSS selector engine now supports :has()
-* XML::NodeSet#filter() was added
-* XML::Node.next= and .previous= are aliases for add_next_sibling and add_previous_sibling. GH [#183](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/183)
+* Ths CSS selector engine now supports `:has()`
+* `XML::NodeSet#filter()` was added
+* `XML::Node.next=` and .previous= are aliases for add_next_sibling and add_previous_sibling. GH [#183](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/183)
 
 ### Fixed
 
 * XML fragments with namespaces do not raise an exception (regression in 1.4.0)
-* Node#matches? works in nodes contained by a DocumentFragment. GH [#158](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/158)
-* Document should not define add_namespace() method. GH [#169](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/169)
-* XPath queries returning namespace declarations do not segfault.
-* Node#replace works with nodes from different documents. GH [#162](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/162)
-* Adding XML::Document#collect_namespaces
+* `Node#matches?` works in nodes contained by a `DocumentFragment`. GH [#158](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/158)
+* `Document` should not define `add_namespace()` method. GH [#169](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/169)
+* `XPath` queries returning namespace declarations do not segfault.
+* `Node#replace` works with nodes from different documents. GH [#162](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/162)
+* Adding `XML::Document#collect_namespaces`
 * Fixed bugs in the SOAP4R adapter
-* Fixed bug in XML::Node#next_element for certain edge cases
+* Fixed bug in `XML::Node#next_element` for certain edge cases
 * Fixed load path issue with JRuby under Windows. GH [#160](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/160).
-* XSLT#apply_to will honor the "output method". Thanks richardlehane!
+* `XSLT#apply_to` will honor the "output method". Thanks richardlehane!
 * Fragments containing leading text nodes with newlines now parse properly. GH [#178](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/178).
 
 
@@ -1331,35 +1717,35 @@ Repackaging of 1.5.1 with a gemspec that is compatible with older Rubies. [#631]
 
 ### Added
 
-* Node#at_xpath returns the first element of the NodeSet matching the XPath expression.
-* Node#at_css returns the first element of the NodeSet matching the CSS selector.
-* NodeSet#| for unions GH [#119](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/119) (Thanks Serabe!)
-* NodeSet#inspect makes prettier output
-* Node#inspect implemented for more rubyish document inspecting
-* Added XML::DTD#external_id
-* Added XML::DTD#system_id
-* Added XML::ElementContent for DTD Element content validity
-* Better namespace declaration support in Nokogiri::XML::Builder
-* Added XML::Node#external_subset
-* Added XML::Node#create_external_subset
-* Added XML::Node#create_internal_subset
+* `Node#at_xpath` returns the first element of the `NodeSet` matching the XPath expression.
+* `Node#at_css` returns the first element of the `NodeSet` matching the CSS selector.
+* `NodeSet#|` for unions GH [#119](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/119) (Thanks Serabe!)
+* `NodeSet#inspect` makes prettier output
+* `Node#inspect` implemented for more rubyish document inspecting
+* Added `XML::DTD#external_id`
+* Added `XML::DTD#system_id`
+* Added `XML::ElementContent` for DTD Element content validity
+* Better namespace declaration support in `Nokogiri::XML::Builder`
+* Added `XML::Node#external_subset`
+* Added `XML::Node#create_external_subset`
+* Added `XML::Node#create_internal_subset`
 * XML Builder can append raw strings (GH [#141](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/141), patch from dudleyf)
-* XML::SAX::ParserContext added
-* XML::Document#remove_namespaces! for the namespace-impaired
+* `XML::SAX::ParserContext` added
+* `XML::Document#remove_namespaces!` for the namespace-impaired
 
 ### Fixed
 
 * returns nil when HTML documents do not declare a meta encoding tag. GH [#115](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/115)
-* Uses RbConfig::CONFIG['host_os'] to adjust ENV['PATH'] GH [#113](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/113)
-* NodeSet#search is more efficient GH [#119](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/119) (Thanks Serabe!)
-* NodeSet#xpath handles custom xpath functions
-* Fixing a SEGV when XML::Reader gets attributes for current node
-* Node#inner_html takes the same arguments as Node#to_html GH [#117](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/117)
-* DocumentFragment#css delegates to it's child nodes GH [#123](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/123)
-* NodeSet#[] works with slices larger than NodeSet#length GH [#131](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/131)
+* Uses `RbConfig::CONFIG['host_os']` to adjust `ENV['PATH']` GH [#113](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/113)
+* `NodeSet#search` is more efficient GH [#119](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/119) (Thanks Serabe!)
+* `NodeSet#xpath` handles custom xpath functions
+* Fixing a SEGV when `XML::Reader` gets attributes for current node
+* `Node#inner_html` takes the same arguments as `Node#to_html` GH [#117](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/117)
+* `DocumentFragment#css` delegates to it's child nodes GH [#123](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/123)
+* `NodeSet#[]` works with slices larger than `NodeSet#length` GH [#131](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/131)
 * Reparented nodes maintain their namespace. GH [#134](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/134)
-* Fixed SEGV when adding an XML::Document to NodeSet
-* XML::SyntaxError can be duplicated. GH [#148](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/148)
+* Fixed SEGV when adding an `XML::Document` to `NodeSet`
+* `XML::SyntaxError` can be duplicated. GH [#148](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/148)
 
 ### Removed
 
@@ -1370,13 +1756,13 @@ Repackaging of 1.5.1 with a gemspec that is compatible with older Rubies. [#631]
 
 ### Added
 
-* NodeSet#children returns all children of all nodes
+* `NodeSet#children` returns all children of all nodes
 
 ### Fixed
 
 * Override libxml-ruby's global error handler
-* ParseOption#strict fixed
-* Fixed a segfault when sending an empty string to Node#inner_html= GH [#88](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/88)
+* `ParseOption#strict` fixed
+* Fixed a segfault when sending an empty string to `Node#inner_html=` GH [#88](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/88)
 * String encoding is now set to UTF-8 in Ruby 1.9
 * Fixed a segfault when moving root nodes between documents. GH [#91](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/91)
 * Fixed an O(n) penalty on node creation. GH [#101](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/101)
@@ -1391,29 +1777,29 @@ Repackaging of 1.5.1 with a gemspec that is compatible with older Rubies. [#631]
 
 ### Added
 
-* Nokogiri::XML::DTD#validate will validate your document
+* `Nokogiri::XML::DTD#validate` will validate your document
 
 ### Fixed
 
-* Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet#search will search top level nodes. GH [#73](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/73)
-* Removed namespace related methods from Nokogiri::XML::Document
+* `Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet#search` will search top level nodes. GH [#73](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/73)
+* Removed namespace related methods from `Nokogiri::XML::Document`
 * Fixed a segfault when a namespace was added twice
 * Made nokogiri work with Snow Leopard GH [#79](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/79)
 * Mailing list has moved to: http://groups.google.com/group/nokogiri-talk
 * HTML fragments now correctly handle comments and CDATA blocks. GH [#78](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/78)
-* Nokogiri::XML::Document#clone is now an alias of dup
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Document#clone` is now an alias of dup
 
 ### Deprecations
 
-* Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document#start_element_ns is deprecated, please switch to Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document#start_element_namespace
-* Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document#end_element_ns is deprecated, please switch to Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document#end_element_namespace
+* `Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document#start_element_ns` is deprecated, please switch to `Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document#start_element_namespace`
+* `Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document#end_element_ns` is deprecated, please switch to `Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document#end_element_namespace`
 
 
 ## 1.3.1 / 2009-06-07
 
 ### Fixed
 
-* extconf.rb checks for optional RelaxNG and Schema functions
+* `extconf.rb` checks for optional RelaxNG and Schema functions
 * Namespace nodes are added to the Document node cache
 
 
@@ -1423,24 +1809,24 @@ Repackaging of 1.5.1 with a gemspec that is compatible with older Rubies. [#631]
 
 * Builder changes scope based on block arity
 * Builder supports methods ending in underscore similar to tagz
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#<=> compares nodes based on Document position
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#matches? returns true if Node can be found with given selector.
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#ancestors now returns an Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#ancestors will match parents against optional selector
-* Nokogiri::HTML::Document#meta_encoding for getting the meta encoding
-* Nokogiri::HTML::Document#meta_encoding= for setting the meta encoding
-* Nokogiri::XML::Document#encoding= to set the document encoding
-* Nokogiri::XML::Schema for validating documents against XSD schema
-* Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG for validating documents against RelaxNG schema
-* Nokogiri::HTML::ElementDescription for fetching HTML element descriptions
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#description to fetch the node description
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#accept implements Visitor pattern
-* bin/nokogiri for easily examining documents (Thanks Yutaka HARA!)
-* Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet now supports more Array and Enumerable operators: index, delete, slice, - (difference), + (concatenation), & (intersection), push, pop, shift, ==
-* Nokogiri.XML, Nokogiri.HTML take blocks that receive Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions objects
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#namespace returns a Nokogiri::XML::Namespace
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#namespace= for setting a node's namespace
-* Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment and Nokogiri::HTML::DocumentFragment have a sensible API and a more robust implementation.
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#<=>` compares nodes based on Document position
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#matches?` returns true if Node can be found with given selector.
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#ancestors` now returns an `Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet`
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#ancestors` will match parents against optional selector
+* `Nokogiri::HTML::Document#meta_encoding` for getting the meta encoding
+* `Nokogiri::HTML::Document#meta_encoding=` for setting the meta encoding
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Document#encoding=` to set the document encoding
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Schema` for validating documents against XSD schema
+* `Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG` for validating documents against RelaxNG schema
+* `Nokogiri::HTML::ElementDescription` for fetching HTML element descriptions
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#description` to fetch the node description
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#accept` implements Visitor pattern
+* `bin/nokogiri` for easily examining documents (Thanks Yutaka HARA!)
+* `Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet` now supports more Array and Enumerable operators: index, delete, slice, - (difference), + (concatenation), & (intersection), push, pop, shift, ==
+* `Nokogiri.XML`, `Nokogiri.HTML` take blocks that receive `Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions` objects
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#namespace` returns a `Nokogiri::XML::Namespace`
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#namespace=` for setting a node's namespace
+* `Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment` and `Nokogiri::HTML::DocumentFragment` have a sensible API and a more robust implementation.
 * JRuby 1.3.0 support via FFI.
 
 ### Fixed
@@ -1452,17 +1838,17 @@ Repackaging of 1.5.1 with a gemspec that is compatible with older Rubies. [#631]
 * Fixed bug with unlinking a node then reparenting it. (GH[#22](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/22))
 * Fixed failure to catch errors during XSLT parsing (GH[#32](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/32))
 * Fixed a bug with attribute conditions in CSS selectors (GH[#36](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/36))
-* Fixed intolerance of HTML attributes without values in Node#before/after/inner_html=. (GH[#35](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/35))
+* Fixed intolerance of HTML attributes without values in `Node#{before/after/inner_html=}`. (GH[#35](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/35))
 
 
 ## 1.2.3 / 2009-03-22
 
 ### Fixed
 
-* Fixing bug where a node is passed in to Node#new
+* Fixing bug where a node is passed in to `Node#new`
 * Namespace should be assigned on DocumentFragment creation. LH [#66](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/66)
-* Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet#dup works GH [#10](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/10)
-* Nokogiri::HTML returns an empty Document when given a blank string GH[#11](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/11)
+* `Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet#dup` works GH [#10](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/10)
+* `Nokogiri::HTML` returns an empty Document when given a blank string GH[#11](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/11)
 * Adding a child will remove duplicate namespace declarations LH [#67](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/67)
 * Builder methods take a hash as a second argument
 
@@ -1471,27 +1857,27 @@ Repackaging of 1.5.1 with a gemspec that is compatible with older Rubies. [#631]
 
 ### Added
 
-* Nokogiri may be used with soap4r. See XSD::XMLParser::Nokogiri
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#inner_html= to set the inner html for a node
+* Nokogiri may be used with soap4r. See `XSD::XMLParser::Nokogiri`
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#inner_html=` to set the inner html for a node
 * Nokogiri builder interface improvements
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#swap swaps html for current node (LH [#50](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/50))
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#swap` swaps html for current node (LH [#50](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/50))
 
 ### Fixed
 
 * Fixed a tag nesting problem in the Builder API (LH [#41](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/41))
-* Nokogiri::HTML.fragment will properly handle text only nodes (LH [#43](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/43))
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#before will prepend text nodes (LH [#44](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/44))
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#after will append text nodes
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#search automatically registers root namespaces (LH [#42](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/42))
-* Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet#search automatically registers namespaces
-* Nokogiri::HTML::NamedCharacters delegates to libxml2
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#[] can take a symbol (LH [#48](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/48))
+* `Nokogiri::HTML.fragment` will properly handle text only nodes (LH [#43](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/43))
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#before` will prepend text nodes (LH [#44](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/44))
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#after` will append text nodes
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#search` automatically registers root namespaces (LH [#42](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/42))
+* `Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet#search` automatically registers namespaces
+* `Nokogiri::HTML::NamedCharacters` delegates to libxml2
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#[]` can take a symbol (LH [#48](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/48))
 * vasprintf for windows updated.  Thanks Geoffroy Couprie!
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#[]= should not encode entities (LH [#55](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/55))
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#[]=` should not encode entities (LH [#55](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/55))
 * Namespaces should be copied to reparented nodes (LH [#56](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/56))
 * Nokogiri uses encoding set on the string for default in Ruby 1.9
-* Document#dup should create a new document of the same type (LH [#59](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/59))
-* Document should not have a parent method (LH [#64](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/64))
+* `Document#dup` should create a new document of the same type (LH [#59](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/59))
+* `Document` should not have a parent method (LH [#64](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/64))
 
 
 ## 1.2.1 / 2009-02-23
@@ -1509,69 +1895,69 @@ Repackaging of 1.5.1 with a gemspec that is compatible with older Rubies. [#631]
 * CSS search now supports CSS3 namespace queries
 * Namespaces on the root node are automatically registered
 * CSS queries use the default namespace
-* Nokogiri::XML::Document#encoding get encoding used for this document
-* Nokogiri::XML::Document#url get the document url
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#add_namespace add a namespace to the node LH[#38](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/38)
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#each iterate over attribute name, value pairs
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#keys get all attribute names
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#line get the line number for a node (Thanks Dirkjan Bussink!)
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#serialize now takes an optional encoding parameter
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#to_html, to_xml, and to_xhtml take an optional encoding
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#to_str
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#to_xhtml to produce XHTML documents
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#values get all attribute values
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#write_to writes the node to an IO object with optional encoding
-* Nokogiri::XML::ProcessingInstrunction.new
-* Nokogiri::XML::SAX::PushParser for all your push parsing needs.
-
-### Fixed
-
-* Fixed Nokogiri::XML::Document#dup
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Document#encoding` get encoding used for this document
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Document#url` get the document url
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#add_namespace` add a namespace to the node LH[#38](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/38)
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#each` iterate over attribute name, value pairs
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#keys` get all attribute names
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#line` get the line number for a node (Thanks Dirkjan Bussink!)
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#serialize` now takes an optional encoding parameter
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#to_html`, to_xml, and to_xhtml take an optional encoding
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#to_str`
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#to_xhtml` to produce XHTML documents
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#values` get all attribute values
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#write_to` writes the node to an IO object with optional encoding
+* `Nokogiri::XML::ProcessingInstruction.new`
+* `Nokogiri::XML::SAX::PushParser` for all your push parsing needs.
+
+### Fixed
+
+* Fixed `Nokogiri::XML::Document#dup`
 * Fixed header detection. Thanks rubikitch!
 * Fixed a problem where invalid CSS would cause the parser to hang
 
 ### Deprecations
 
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node.new_from_str will be deprecated in 1.3.0
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node.new_from_str` will be deprecated in 1.3.0
 
 ### Changed
 
-* Nokogiri::HTML.fragment now returns an XML::DocumentFragment (LH [#32](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/32))
+* `Nokogiri::HTML.fragment` now returns an XML::DocumentFragment (LH [#32](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/32))
 
 
 ## 1.1.1
 
 ### Added
 
-* Added XML::Node#elem?
-* Added XML::Node#attribute_nodes
-* Added XML::Attr
-* XML::Node#delete added.
-* XML::NodeSet#inner_html added.
+* Added `XML::Node#elem?`
+* Added `XML::Node#attribute_nodes`
+* Added `XML::Attr`
+* `XML::Node#delete` added.
+* `XML::NodeSet#inner_html` added.
 
 ### Fixed
 
 * Not including an HTML entity for \r for HTML nodes.
-* Removed CSS::SelectorHandler and XML::XPathHandler
-* XML::Node#attributes returns an Attr node for the value.
-* XML::NodeSet implements to_xml
+* Removed `CSS::SelectorHandler` and `XML::XPathHandler`
+* `XML::Node#attributes` returns an `Attr` node for the value.
+* `XML::NodeSet` implements `to_xml`
 
 
 ## 1.1.0
 
 ### Added
 
-* Custom XPath functions are now supported.  See Nokogiri::XML::Node#xpath
-* Custom CSS pseudo classes are now supported.  See Nokogiri::XML::Node#css
-* Nokogiri::XML::Node#<< will add a child to the current node
+* Custom XPath functions are now supported.  See `Nokogiri::XML::Node#xpath`
+* Custom CSS pseudo classes are now supported.  See `Nokogiri::XML::Node#css`
+* `Nokogiri::XML::Node#<<` will add a child to the current node
 
 ### Fixed
 
 * Mutex lock on CSS cache access
 * Fixed build problems with GCC 3.3.5
-* XML::Node#to_xml now takes an indentation argument
-* XML::Node#dup takes an optional depth argument
-* XML::Node#add_previous_sibling returns new sibling node.
+* `XML::Node#to_xml` now takes an indentation argument
+* `XML::Node#dup` takes an optional depth argument
+* `XML::Node#add_previous_sibling` returns new sibling node.
 
 
 ## 1.0.7
@@ -1581,8 +1967,8 @@ Repackaging of 1.5.1 with a gemspec that is compatible with older Rubies. [#631]
 * Fixed memory leak when using Dike
 * SAX parser now parses IO streams
 * Comment nodes have their own class
-* Nokogiri() should delegate to Nokogiri.parse()
-* Prepending rather than appending to ENV['PATH'] on windows
+* `Nokogiri()` should delegate to `Nokogiri.parse()`
+* Prepending rather than appending to `ENV['PATH']` on windows
 * Fixed a bug in complex CSS negation selectors
 
 
@@ -1590,10 +1976,10 @@ Repackaging of 1.5.1 with a gemspec that is compatible with older Rubies. [#631]
 
 ### Fixed
 
-* XPath Parser raises a SyntaxError on parse failure
-* CSS Parser raises a SyntaxError on parse failure
-* filter() and not() hpricot compatibility added
-* CSS searches via Node#search are now always relative
+* XPath Parser raises a `SyntaxError` on parse failure
+* CSS Parser raises a `SyntaxError` on parse failure
+* `filter()` and `not()` hpricot compatibility added
+* CSS searches via `Node#search` are now always relative
 * CSS to XPath conversion is now cached
 
 
@@ -1601,9 +1987,9 @@ Repackaging of 1.5.1 with a gemspec that is compatible with older Rubies. [#631]
 
 ### Fixed
 
-* Added mailing list and ticket tracking information to the README.txt
-* Sets ENV['PATH'] on windows if it doesn't exist
-* Caching results of NodeSet#[] on Document
+* Added mailing list and ticket tracking information to the `README.txt`
+* Sets `ENV['PATH']` on windows if it doesn't exist
+* Caching results of `NodeSet#[]` on `Document`
 
 
 ## 1.0.4
@@ -1619,25 +2005,25 @@ Repackaging of 1.5.1 with a gemspec that is compatible with older Rubies. [#631]
 
 ### Fixed
 
-* NodeSet now implements to_ary
-* XML::Document should not implement parent
+* `NodeSet` now implements `to_ary`
+* `XML::Document` should not implement parent
 * More GC Bugs fixed.  (Mike is AWESOME!)
 * Removed RARRAY_LEN for 1.8.5 compatibility.  Thanks Shane Hanna.
-* inner_html fixed. (Thanks Yehuda!)
+* `inner_html` fixed. (Thanks Yehuda!)
 
 
 ## 1.0.2
 
 ### Fixed
 
-* extconf.rb should not check for frex and racc
+* `extconf.rb` should not check for frex and racc
 
 
 ## 1.0.1
 
 ### Fixed
 
-* Made sure extconf.rb searched libdir and prefix so that ports libxml/ruby will link properly.  Thanks lucsky!
+* Made sure `extconf.rb` searched libdir and prefix so that ports libxml/ruby will link properly.  Thanks lucsky!
 
 
 ## 1.0.0 / 2008-07-13
diff --git a/CONTRIBUTING.md b/CONTRIBUTING.md
index 5da58fec94..6292393f5c 100644
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ If you're looking for guidance on filing a bug report or getting support, please
 - [Building gems](#building-gems)
 - [Other utilities](#other-utilities)
 - [Rake tasks](#rake-tasks)
+- [Making a release](#making-a-release)
 - [Code of Conduct](#code-of-conduct)
 
 <!-- tocstop -->
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@ Nokogiri is widely used in the Ruby ecosystem, and so extra care should be taken
 
 Please take a look at our [Issues marked "Help Wanted"](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues?q=is%3Aissue+is%3Aopen+label%3A%22help+wanted%22).
 
-Also, pull requests for documentation improvements are always welcome!
+Also, [pull requests for documentation improvements are always welcome](#documentation)!
 
 
 ## Submitting Pull Requests
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@ Clone https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri and run `bundle install`.
 
 ### Advanced
 
-Please install the latest or previous version of CRuby (e.g., 3.0 or 2.7 as of 2021-02), and a recent version of JRuby. We recommend using a Ruby manager like `rvm` or `chruby` to make it easy to switch.
+Please install the latest or previous version of CRuby (e.g., 3.1 or 3.0 as of 2022-01), and a recent version of JRuby. We recommend using `rbenv`, which is used in test scripts when necessary to test gems against multiple rubies.
 
 Please install a system version of libxml2/libxslt (see [Installing Nokogiri](https://nokogiri.org/tutorials/installing_nokogiri.html#installing-using-standard-system-libraries) for details) so that you can test against both the packaged libraries and your system libraries.
 
@@ -134,10 +135,14 @@ NOKOGIRI_TEST_GC_LEVEL=normal bundle exec rake compile test
 # minor GC after each test
 NOKOGIRI_TEST_GC_LEVEL=minor bundle exec rake compile test
 
-# major GC and a compaction after each test
+# major GC after each test
+NOKOGIRI_TEST_GC_LEVEL=major bundle exec rake compile test
+
+# major GC after each test and GC compaction after every 20 tests
 NOKOGIRI_TEST_GC_LEVEL=compact bundle exec rake compile test
 
-# verify references after compaction after every test
+# verify references after compaction after every 20 tests
+# (see https://alanwu.space/post/check-compaction/)
 NOKOGIRI_TEST_GC_LEVEL=verify bundle exec rake compile test
 
 # run with GC "stress mode" on
@@ -152,45 +157,83 @@ If you want to build Nokogiri against a modified version of libxml2, clone libxm
 That script also takes an optional command to run with the proper environment variables set to use the local libxml2 library, which can be useful when trying to `git bisect` against libxml2.
 
 
+### gumbo HTML5 parser
+
+To run the test suite for the gumbo parser:
+
+``` sh
+bundle exec rake gumbo
+```
+
+To make sure to run additional html5lib tests for Nokogiri's HTML5 parser:
+
+``` sh
+git submodule update --init # test/html5lib-tests
+bundle exec rake compile test
+```
+
 
 ## Style Guide
 
-I don't feel very strongly about code style, but when possible I follow [Shopify's Ruby Style Guide](https://shopify.github.io/ruby-style-guide/), and for C and Java code I use the `astyle` settings laid out in `/rakelib/format.rake`.
+### Documentation
 
-You can format the C and Java code with `rake format`. Maybe someday I'll auto-format Ruby, but not today.
+We use `rdoc` to build Nokogiri's documentation. Run `rake rdoc` to build into the `./html` directory, and see the rdoc tasks in [rakelib/rdoc.rake](rakelib/rdoc.rake).
 
-No, I don't want to talk to you about this.
+Previously we made some effort to move towards `yard` but that work was stopped (and the decision record can be found at [RFC: convert to use `yard` for documentation](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1996)).
 
+I would prefer docstrings to be in `RDoc::Markup` format, though simple docstrings may be in Markdown (using `:markup: markdown`).
+
+If you submit pull requests that improve documentation, **I will happily merge them** and credit you in the CHANGELOG.
+
+Some guidelines (see [lib/nokogiri/xml/node.rb](lib/nokogiri/xml/node.rb) and [ext/nokogiri/xml/node.c](ext/nokogiri/xml/node.c) for examples):
+
+- use `:call-seq:` to:
+  - note the return type of the method whenever possible, e.g. `:call-seq: upcase(name) → String`
+  - to name all the aliases of a method
+  - to indicate block/yield usage of a method
+- briefly explain the purpose of the method, what it returns, and what side effects it has
+- use a `[Parameters]` definition to note the expected types of all the parameters as a bulleted list
+- use a `[Returns]` definition to note the return type
+- use a `[Yields]` definition to note the block parameters
+- use a `⚠` character to warn the user about tricky usage
+- use a `💡` character to call attention to important notes
+- `See also:` should be used to call out related methods
+- `Since` should be used to indicate the version that code was introduced
+- prefer to show nuanced behavior in code examples, rather than by explaining it
 
-## How Continuous Integration ("CI") is configured
 
-This section could probably be an entire guide unto itself, so I'll try to be as brief as reasonable.
+### Code
 
-We currently have CI tests running in three places:
+I don't feel very strongly about code style, but when possible I follow [Shopify's Ruby Style Guide](https://shopify.github.io/ruby-style-guide/), and for C and Java code I use the `astyle` settings laid out in `/rakelib/format.rake`.
+
+You can format the C, Java, and Ruby code with `rake format`.
+
+There are likely some pending Rubocop rules in `.rubocop_todo.yml` which I'd be happy to merge if you enabled them and submit a PR.
+
+No, I don't want to talk to you about any of the style choices.
 
-- [Concourse](https://ci.nokogiri.org/?search=nokogiri): Linux, including many debugging and integration test
-- [Github Actions](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/actions/workflows/macos.yml): for MacOS only
-- [Appveyor](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/flavorjones/nokogiri): for Windows only
 
-This is ... not great. I'd love to set up everything to be in one place, but each has its advantages. It might be possible to move Windows testing to Github Actions, but honestly I'm kinda waiting for someone from the Ruby Windows community to figure that out.
+## How Continuous Integration ("CI") is configured
+
+The bulk of CI is running in Github Actions since May 2021: https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/actions
 
-I've set up "required" builds for the `main` branch in Github so that PRs can see and be bound by all these tests passing.
+However, we also run tests against 32-bit windows (which aren't supported by GA as of this writing) in Appveyor: https://ci.appveyor.com/project/flavorjones/nokogiri
 
-### Concourse
+Please note that there are some known holes in CI coverage due to github actions limitations:
 
-We run the bulk of our tests under Concourse. Concourse is great for me because
+- installing ruby and native gems on 32-bit Linux, see:
+  - [actions/checkout error: /etc/*release "no such file or directory"](https://github.com/actions/checkout/issues/334)
+  - [actions/cache is not working as expected in 32-bit linux containers](https://github.com/actions/cache/issues/675)
+  - [actions/upload-artifact is not working as expected in 32-bit linux containers](https://github.com/actions/upload-artifact/issues/266)
 
-- I can hijack a container if a test fails and poke around in it
-- I can conditionally trigger the builds like a real pipeline
-- I can run it locally on my dev machine
-- I have complete control over the images used
 
-The downside is, nobody in the Ruby community besides me and Dr. Nic know how to operate it or configure it.
+### Coverage
 
-In any case, the general pipeline we use is the same for `main` and for PRs includes:
+The `ci.yml` pipeline includes jobs to:
 
 - basic security sanity check: run rubocop
 - fast feedback for obvious failures: run against system libraries on vanilla ubuntu
+- run the gumbo parser tests on ubuntu, macos, and windows
 - run on all supported versions of CRuby:
     - once with packaged libraries
     - once with system libraries
@@ -202,18 +245,23 @@ In any case, the general pipeline we use is the same for `main` and for PRs incl
 - run with libxml-ruby loaded (because this interacts with libxml2 in conflicting ways)
     - against system libraries
     - with valgrind using packaged libraries
+
+The `upstream.yml` pipeline includes jobs to:
+
+- run against CRuby head (linux, windows, macos) including valgrind
+- run against JRuby head
+- run against libxml2 and libxslt head (linux only today) including valgrind
+
+The `gem-install.yml` pipeline includes jobs to:
+
 - build a "ruby" platform gem
-    - install and test on vanilla ubuntu
-    - install and test on musl
-- build a native 64-bit linux gem
-    - install and test on vanilla ubuntu with all supported versions of CRuby
-    - install and test on musl
-- build a native 32-bit linux gem
-    - install and test on vanilla ubuntu
+    - install and test on linux, macos, and windows
+- build a native 64-bit gem (linux, macos, windows)
+    - install and test against all supported versions of CRuby
     - install and test on musl
 - build a jruby gem, install and test it
 
-These pipelines are configured in `/concourse/nokogiri.yml` and `nokogiri-pr.yml`. Those files file are ... nontrivial, and I'm sorry about that. See https://github.com/flavorjones/concourse-gem for help.
+The `truffle.yml` pipeline tests TruffleRuby nightlies with a few different compile-time flags. TruffleRuby support is still experimental due to Sulong limitations, and the test suite is exceedingly slow when run by TR, so this pipeline doesn't run on pushes and PRs. Instead, it runs periodically on a timer to give us some signal without slowing down developer feedback loops.
 
 
 ### Valgrind
@@ -221,9 +269,11 @@ These pipelines are configured in `/concourse/nokogiri.yml` and `nokogiri-pr.yml
 We rely heavily on Valgrind to catch memory bugs by running in combination with every version of CRuby. We use suppressions, too -- because some Rubies seem to have memory issues? See the files in the `/suppressions` directory and `/rakelib/test.rake` for more information.
 
 
-### TruffleRuby
+### Conventions
 
-As of 2021-02, TruffleRuby tests are in a separate pipeline because they are failing in known ways that we haven't addressed yet, mostly related to error handling in SAX callbacks due to Sulong limitations.
+- Always checkout the source code including submodules (for the html5lib tests)
+- When testing packaged libraries (not system libraries), cache either `ports/` (for compiled libraries) or `ports/archives/` (for just tarballs)
+  - note that `libgumbo` is built outside of `ports/` to allow us to do this caching safely
 
 
 ## Building gems
@@ -249,6 +299,20 @@ There's a `Vagrantfile` in the project root which I've used once or twice to try
 The `Rakefile` used to be a big fat mess. It's now decomposed into a small set of files in `/rakelib`. If you've got a new rake task you'd like to introduce, please consider whether it belongs in one of the existing concerns, or needs a new file. Please don't add it to `Rakefile` without compelling reasons.
 
 
+## Making a release
+
+A quick checklist:
+
+- [ ] make sure CI is green!
+- [ ] update `CHANGELOG.md` and `lib/nokogiri/version/constant.rb`
+- [ ] create a git tag
+- [ ] run `scripts/build-gems` and make sure it completes and all the tests pass
+- [ ] `for g in gems/*.gem ; do gem push $g ; done`
+- [ ] create a release at https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/releases and provide sha2 checksums
+- [ ] if security-related, email ruby-security-ann@googlegroups.com and ruby-talk@ruby-lang.org
+- [ ] update nokogiri.org
+
+
 ## Code of Conduct
 
 Our full Code of Conduct is in [`CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md`](CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md).
diff --git a/Gemfile b/Gemfile
index b4e2a20bb6..be173b205f 100644
--- a/Gemfile
+++ b/Gemfile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 source "https://rubygems.org"
 
 gemspec
diff --git a/LICENSE-DEPENDENCIES.md b/LICENSE-DEPENDENCIES.md
index f220b44def..d6811cccfe 100644
--- a/LICENSE-DEPENDENCIES.md
+++ b/LICENSE-DEPENDENCIES.md
@@ -4,81 +4,91 @@ Nokogiri ships with some third party dependencies, which are listed here along w
 
 Note that this document is broken into multiple sections, each of which describes the dependencies of a different "platform release" of Nokogiri.
 
+<!-- regenerate TOC with `markdown-toc -i` -->
+
 <!-- toc -->
 
-- [Default platform release ("ruby")](#default-platform-release-ruby)
-- [Native LinuxⓇ platform releases ("x86_64-linux" and "arm64-linux")](#native-linux%E2%93%A1-platform-releases-x86_64-linux-and-arm64-linux)
-- [Native Darwin (macOSⓇ) platform releases ("x86_64-darwin" and "arm64-darwin")](#native-darwin-macos%E2%93%A1-platform-releases-x86_64-darwin-and-arm64-darwin)
-- [Native WindowsⓇ platform releases ("x86-mingw32" and "x64-mingw32")](#native-windows%E2%93%A1-platform-releases-x86-mingw32-and-x64-mingw32)
-- [JavaⓇ (JRuby) platform release ("java")](#java%E2%93%A1-jruby-platform-release-java)
+- [Platform Releases](#platform-releases)
+  * [Default platform release ("ruby")](#default-platform-release-ruby)
+  * [Native LinuxⓇ platform releases ("x86_64-linux" and "arm64-linux")](#native-linux%E2%93%A1-platform-releases-x86_64-linux-and-arm64-linux)
+  * [Native Darwin (macOSⓇ) platform releases ("x86_64-darwin" and "arm64-darwin")](#native-darwin-macos%E2%93%A1-platform-releases-x86_64-darwin-and-arm64-darwin)
+  * [Native WindowsⓇ platform releases ("x86-mingw32" and "x64-mingw32")](#native-windows%E2%93%A1-platform-releases-x86-mingw32-and-x64-mingw32)
+  * [JavaⓇ (JRuby) platform release ("java")](#java%E2%93%A1-jruby-platform-release-java)
 - [Appendix: Dependencies' License Texts](#appendix-dependencies-license-texts)
-    * [libxml2](#libxml2)
-    * [libxslt](#libxslt)
-    * [zlib](#zlib)
-    * [libiconv](#libiconv)
-    * [isorelax](#isorelax)
-    * [jing](#jing)
-    * [nekodtd](#nekodtd)
-    * [nekohtml](#nekohtml)
-    * [xalan](#xalan)
-    * [xerces](#xerces)
-    * [xml-apis](#xml-apis)
+  * [libgumbo and nokogumbo](#libgumbo-and-nokogumbo)
+  * [libxml2](#libxml2)
+  * [libxslt](#libxslt)
+  * [zlib](#zlib)
+  * [libiconv](#libiconv)
+  * [isorelax](#isorelax)
+  * [jing](#jing)
+  * [nekodtd](#nekodtd)
+  * [nekohtml](#nekohtml)
+  * [xalan](#xalan)
+  * [xerces](#xerces)
+  * [xml-apis](#xml-apis)
 
 <!-- tocstop -->
 
-It's encouraged for anyone consuming this file via license-tracking software to understand which gem file you're downloading and using, so as not to misinterpret the contents of this file and the licenses of the software being distributed.
+Anyone consuming this file via license-tracking software should endeavor to understand which gem file you're downloading and using, so as not to misinterpret the contents of this file and the licenses of the software being distributed.
 
 You can double-check the dependencies in your gem file by examining the output of `nokogiri -v` after installation, which will emit the complete set of libraries in use (for versions `>= 1.11.0.rc4`).
 
 In particular, I'm sure somebody's lawyer, somewhere, is going to freak out that the LGPL appears in this file; and so I'd like to take special note that the dependency covered by LGPL, `libiconv`, is only being redistributed in the native Windows and native Darwin platform releases. It's not present in default, JavaⓇ, or native LinuxⓇ releases.
 
 
-## Default platform release ("ruby")
+## Platform Releases
+
+### Default platform release ("ruby")
 
 The default platform release distributes the following dependencies in source form:
 
 - [libxml2](#libxml2)
 - [libxslt](#libxslt)
+- [libgumbo and nokogumbo](#libgumbo-and-nokogumbo)
 
 This distribution can be identified by inspecting the included Gem::Specification, which will have the value "ruby" for its "platform" attribute.
 
 
-## Native LinuxⓇ platform releases ("x86_64-linux" and "arm64-linux")
+### Native LinuxⓇ platform releases ("x86_64-linux" and "arm64-linux")
 
 The native LinuxⓇ platform release distributes the following dependencies in source form:
 
 - [libxml2](#libxml2)
 - [libxslt](#libxslt)
+- [libgumbo and nokogumbo](#libgumbo-and-nokogumbo)
 - [zlib](#zlib)
 
 This distribution can be identified by inspecting the included Gem::Specification, which will have a value similar to "x86_64-linux" or "x86-linux" for its "platform.cpu" attribute.
 
 
-## Native Darwin (macOSⓇ) platform releases ("x86_64-darwin" and "arm64-darwin")
+### Native Darwin (macOSⓇ) platform releases ("x86_64-darwin" and "arm64-darwin")
 
 The native Darwin platform release distributes the following dependencies in source form:
 
 - [libxml2](#libxml2)
 - [libxslt](#libxslt)
+- [libgumbo and nokogumbo](#libgumbo-and-nokogumbo)
 - [zlib](#zlib)
 - [libiconv](#libiconv)
 
 This distribution can be identified by inspecting the included Gem::Specification, which will have a value similar to "x86_64-darwin" or "arm64-darwin" for its "platform.cpu" attribute. Darwin is also known more familiarly as "OSX" or "macOSⓇ" and is the operating system for many AppleⓇ computers.
 
 
-## Native WindowsⓇ platform releases ("x86-mingw32" and "x64-mingw32")
+### Native WindowsⓇ platform releases ("x86-mingw32" and "x64-mingw32")
 
 The native WindowsⓇ platform release distributes the following dependencies in source form:
 
 - [libxml2](#libxml2)
 - [libxslt](#libxslt)
+- [libgumbo and nokogumbo](#libgumbo-and-nokogumbo)
 - [zlib](#zlib)
 - [libiconv](#libiconv)
 
 This distribution can be identified by inspecting the included Gem::Specification, which will have a value similar to "x64-mingw32" or "x86-mingw32" for its "platform.cpu" attribute.
 
 
-## JavaⓇ (JRuby) platform release ("java")
+### JavaⓇ (JRuby) platform release ("java")
 
 The Java platform release distributes the following dependencies as compiled jar files:
 
@@ -99,6 +109,217 @@ This section contains a subsection for each potentially-distributed dependency,
 
 Please see previous sections to understand which of these potential dependencies is actually distributed in the gem file you're downloading and using.
 
+
+### libgumbo and nokogumbo
+
+Apache 2.0
+
+https://github.com/rubys/nokogumbo/blob/f6a7412/LICENSE.txt
+
+
+                                     Apache License
+                               Version 2.0, January 2004
+                            http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+    
+       TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
+    
+       1. Definitions.
+    
+          "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
+          and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document.
+    
+          "Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by
+          the copyright owner that is granting the License.
+    
+          "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all
+          other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common
+          control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition,
+          "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the
+          direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or
+          otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the
+          outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
+    
+          "You" (or "Your") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity
+          exercising permissions granted by this License.
+    
+          "Source" form shall mean the preferred form for making modifications,
+          including but not limited to software source code, documentation
+          source, and configuration files.
+    
+          "Object" form shall mean any form resulting from mechanical
+          transformation or translation of a Source form, including but
+          not limited to compiled object code, generated documentation,
+          and conversions to other media types.
+    
+          "Work" shall mean the work of authorship, whether in Source or
+          Object form, made available under the License, as indicated by a
+          copyright notice that is included in or attached to the work
+          (an example is provided in the Appendix below).
+    
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+
 ### libxml2
 
 MIT
diff --git a/LICENSE.md b/LICENSE.md
index 50b773dd8c..6a58f6aeda 100644
--- a/LICENSE.md
+++ b/LICENSE.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 The MIT License
 
-Copyright 2008 -- 2021 by Mike Dalessio, Aaron Patterson, Yoko Harada, Akinori MUSHA, John Shahid, Karol Bucek, Lars Kanis, Sergio Arbeo, Timothy Elliott, Nobuyoshi Nakada, Charles Nutter, Patrick Mahoney.
+Copyright 2008 -- 2021 by Mike Dalessio, Aaron Patterson, Yoko Harada, Akinori MUSHA, John Shahid, Karol Bucek, Sam Ruby, Craig Barnes, Stephen Checkoway, Lars Kanis, Sergio Arbeo, Timothy Elliott, Nobuyoshi Nakada, Charles Nutter, Patrick Mahoney.
 
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 1844ed6821..170ded35f1 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 # Nokogiri
 
-Nokogiri (鋸) makes it easy and painless to work with XML and HTML from Ruby. It provides a sensible, easy-to-understand API for reading, writing, modifying, and querying documents. It is fast and standards-compliant by relying on native parsers like libxml2 (C) and xerces (Java).
+Nokogiri (鋸) makes it easy and painless to work with XML and HTML from Ruby. It provides a sensible, easy-to-understand API for [reading](https://nokogiri.org/tutorials/parsing_an_html_xml_document.html), writing, [modifying](https://nokogiri.org/tutorials/modifying_an_html_xml_document.html), and [querying](https://nokogiri.org/tutorials/searching_a_xml_html_document.html) documents. It is fast and standards-compliant by relying on native parsers like libxml2 (CRuby) and xerces (JRuby).
 
 ## Guiding Principles
 
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Some guiding principles Nokogiri tries to follow:
 
 ## Features Overview
 
-- DOM Parser for XML and HTML4
+- DOM Parser for XML, HTML4, and HTML5
 - SAX Parser for XML and HTML4
 - Push Parser for XML and HTML4
 - Document search via XPath 1.0
@@ -26,13 +26,13 @@ Some guiding principles Nokogiri tries to follow:
 
 ## Status
 
-[![Concourse CI](https://ci.nokogiri.org/api/v1/teams/nokogiri-core/pipelines/nokogiri/jobs/cruby-2.7/badge)](https://ci.nokogiri.org/teams/nokogiri-core/pipelines/nokogiri)
+[![Github Actions CI](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg?branch=main)](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/actions/workflows/ci.yml)
 [![Appveyor CI](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/xj2pqwvlxwuwgr06/branch/main?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/flavorjones/nokogiri/branch/main)
-[![Code Climate](https://codeclimate.com/github/sparklemotion/nokogiri.svg)](https://codeclimate.com/github/sparklemotion/nokogiri)
-[![Test Coverage](https://api.codeclimate.com/v1/badges/59c67b0e8976027a45ad/test_coverage)](https://codeclimate.com/github/sparklemotion/nokogiri/test_coverage)
 
 [![Gem Version](https://badge.fury.io/rb/nokogiri.svg)](https://rubygems.org/gems/nokogiri)
-[![SemVer compatibility](https://api.dependabot.com/badges/compatibility_score?dependency-name=nokogiri&package-manager=bundler&version-scheme=semver)](https://dependabot.com/compatibility-score/?dependency-name=nokogiri&package-manager=bundler)
+[![SemVer compatibility](https://dependabot-badges.githubapp.com/badges/compatibility_score?dependency-name=nokogiri&package-manager=bundler&previous-version=1.11.7&new-version=1.12.5)](https://docs.github.com/en/code-security/supply-chain-security/managing-vulnerabilities-in-your-projects-dependencies/about-dependabot-security-updates#about-compatibility-scores)
+
+[![CII Best Practices](https://bestpractices.coreinfrastructure.org/projects/5344/badge)](https://bestpractices.coreinfrastructure.org/projects/5344)
 [![Tidelift dependencies](https://tidelift.com/badges/package/rubygems/nokogiri)](https://tidelift.com/subscription/pkg/rubygems-nokogiri?utm_source=rubygems-nokogiri&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=readme)
 
 
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ Full information and description of our security policy is in [`SECURITY.md`](SE
 
 ### Semantic Versioning Policy
 
-Nokogiri follows [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/) (since 2017 or so). [![Dependabot's SemVer compatibility score for Nokogiri](https://api.dependabot.com/badges/compatibility_score?dependency-name=nokogiri&package-manager=bundler&version-scheme=semver)](https://dependabot.com/compatibility-score/?dependency-name=nokogiri&package-manager=bundler)
+Nokogiri follows [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/) (since 2017 or so). [![Dependabot's SemVer compatibility score for Nokogiri](https://dependabot-badges.githubapp.com/badges/compatibility_score?dependency-name=nokogiri&package-manager=bundler&previous-version=1.11.7&new-version=1.12.5)](https://docs.github.com/en/code-security/supply-chain-security/managing-vulnerabilities-in-your-projects-dependencies/about-dependabot-security-updates#about-compatibility-scores)
 
 We bump `Major.Minor.Patch` versions following this guidance:
 
@@ -107,8 +107,8 @@ We bump `Major.Minor.Patch` versions following this guidance:
 
 Requirements:
 
-- Ruby >= 2.5
-- JRuby >= 9.2.0.0
+- Ruby >= 2.6
+- JRuby >= 9.3.0.0
 
 
 ### Native Gems: Faster, more reliable installation
@@ -117,12 +117,12 @@ Requirements:
 
 ### Supported Platforms
 
-As of v1.11.0, Nokogiri ships pre-compiled, "native" gems for the following platforms:
+Nokogiri ships pre-compiled, "native" gems for the following platforms:
 
 - Linux: `x86-linux` and `x86_64-linux` (req: `glibc >= 2.17`), including musl platforms like Alpine
 - Darwin/MacOS: `x86_64-darwin` and `arm64-darwin`
 - Windows: `x86-mingw32` and `x64-mingw32`
-- Java: any platform running JRuby 9.2 or higher
+- Java: any platform running JRuby 9.3 or higher
 
 To determine whether your system supports one of these gems, look at the output of `bundle platform` or `ruby -e 'puts Gem::Platform.local.to_s'`.
 
@@ -271,6 +271,9 @@ Some additional libraries may be distributed with your version of Nokogiri. Plea
 - Akinori MUSHA
 - John Shahid
 - Karol Bucek
+- Sam Ruby
+- Craig Barnes
+- Stephen Checkoway
 - Lars Kanis
 - Sergio Arbeo
 - Timothy Elliott
diff --git a/Rakefile b/Rakefile
index 4a295c88c7..1638c8625a 100644
--- a/Rakefile
+++ b/Rakefile
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #
 # Tasks are all loaded from `rakelib/*.rake`.
 # You may want to use `rake -T` to see what's available.
@@ -6,4 +7,4 @@
 require "bundler"
 NOKOGIRI_SPEC = Bundler.load_gemspec("nokogiri.gemspec")
 
-task default: [:rubocop, :compile, :test]
+task default: [:rubocop, :gumbo, :compile, :test]
diff --git a/Vagrantfile b/Vagrantfile
index 50d95c35af..87056691e3 100644
--- a/Vagrantfile
+++ b/Vagrantfile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # -*- mode: ruby -*-
 # vi: set ft=ruby :
 
@@ -24,10 +26,13 @@ boxen << Box.new("bionic32", "mkorenkov/ubuntu-bionic32", <<~EOF)
   apt-get install -y libxslt-dev libxml2-dev pkg-config
   apt-get install -y ruby ruby-dev bundler git
 EOF
+boxen << Box.new("freebsd", "freebsd/FreeBSD-13.0-CURRENT", <<~EOF)
+  pkg install rbenv ruby-build
+EOF
 
 Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
   boxen.each do |box|
-    config.vm.define box.shortname do |config|
+    config.vm.define(box.shortname) do |config|
       config.vm.box = box.name
 
       # Share an additional folder to the guest VM. The first argument is
@@ -36,15 +41,15 @@ Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
       # argument is a set of non-required options.
       # config.vm.synced_folder "../data", "/vagrant_data"
 
-      config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
-        vb.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--cpus", 2]
-        vb.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", 1024]
+      config.vm.provider("virtualbox") do |vb|
+        vb.customize(["modifyvm", :id, "--cpus", 2])
+        vb.customize(["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", 1024])
       end
 
-      config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/nokogiri"
+      config.vm.synced_folder(".", "/nokogiri")
 
       if box.provision
-        config.vm.provision "shell", inline: box.provision
+        config.vm.provision("shell", inline: box.provision)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/appveyor.yml b/appveyor.yml
index 64f99fd863..f639a3335b 100644
--- a/appveyor.yml
+++ b/appveyor.yml
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ install:
   - ruby --version
   - gem --version
   - gem install bundler --conservative
+  - git submodule update --init
   - bundle config --local path vendor/bundle
   - bundle install
   - IF DEFINED INSTALL_PACKAGES ( ridk exec pacman --noconfirm --needed --sync %INSTALL_PACKAGES% )
@@ -33,36 +34,12 @@ test_script:
 
 environment:
   matrix:
-    - ruby_version: head-x64
-    - ruby_version: head-x64
-      INSTALL_PACKAGES: "mingw-w64-x86_64-libxslt"
-      EXTCONF_PARAMS: "--use-system-libraries"
-
-    - ruby_version: 30-x64
-    - ruby_version: 30-x64
-      INSTALL_PACKAGES: "mingw-w64-x86_64-libxslt"
-      EXTCONF_PARAMS: "--use-system-libraries"
-
-    - ruby_version: 27-x64
-    - ruby_version: 27-x64
-      INSTALL_PACKAGES: "mingw-w64-x86_64-libxslt"
-      EXTCONF_PARAMS: "--use-system-libraries"
-
-    - ruby_version: 27
-    - ruby_version: 27
+    - ruby_version: 30
+    - ruby_version: 30
       INSTALL_PACKAGES: "mingw-w64-i686-libxslt"
       EXTCONF_PARAMS: "--use-system-libraries"
 
-    - ruby_version: 26-x64
-    - ruby_version: 26-x64
-      INSTALL_PACKAGES: "mingw-w64-x86_64-libxslt"
-      EXTCONF_PARAMS: "--use-system-libraries"
-
-    - ruby_version: 25-x64
-    - ruby_version: 25-x64
-      INSTALL_PACKAGES: "mingw-w64-x86_64-libxslt"
+    - ruby_version: 26
+    - ruby_version: 26
+      INSTALL_PACKAGES: "mingw-w64-i686-libxslt"
       EXTCONF_PARAMS: "--use-system-libraries"
-
-matrix:
-  allow_failures:
-    - ruby_version: head-x64
diff --git a/bin/nokogiri b/bin/nokogiri
index 60b1eb3cea..04a5ceae19 100755
--- a/bin/nokogiri
+++ b/bin/nokogiri
@@ -1,61 +1,77 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env ruby
-require 'optparse'
-require 'open-uri'
-require 'uri'
-require 'rubygems'
-require 'nokogiri'
-autoload :IRB, 'irb'
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "optparse"
+require "open-uri"
+require "uri"
+require "rubygems"
+require "nokogiri"
+autoload :IRB, "irb"
 
 parse_class = Nokogiri
 encoding = nil
 
 # This module provides some tunables with the nokogiri CLI for use in
 # your ~/.nokogirirc.
-module Nokogiri::CLI
-  class << self
-    # Specify the console engine, defaulted to IRB.
-    #
-    # call-seq:
-    #   require 'pry'
-    #   Nokogiri::CLI.console = Pry
-    attr_writer :console
-
-    def console
-      case @console
-      when Symbol
-        Kernel.const_get(@console)
-      else
-        @console
+module Nokogiri
+  module CLI
+    class << self
+      # Specify the console engine, defaulted to IRB.
+      #
+      # call-seq:
+      #   require 'pry'
+      #   Nokogiri::CLI.console = Pry
+      attr_writer :console
+
+      def console
+        case @console
+        when Symbol
+          Kernel.const_get(@console)
+        else
+          @console
+        end
       end
+
+      attr_accessor :rcfile
     end
 
-    attr_accessor :rcfile
+    self.rcfile  = File.expand_path("~/.nokogirirc")
+    self.console = :IRB
   end
+end
 
-  self.rcfile  = File.expand_path('~/.nokogirirc')
-  self.console = :IRB
+def safe_read(uri_or_path)
+  uri = URI.parse(uri_or_path)
+  case uri
+  when URI::HTTP
+    uri.read
+  when URI::File
+    File.read(uri.path)
+  else
+    File.read(uri_or_path)
+  end
 end
 
 opts = OptionParser.new do |opts|
   opts.banner = "Nokogiri: an HTML, XML, SAX, and Reader parser"
-  opts.define_head "Usage: nokogiri <uri|path> [options]"
-  opts.separator ""
-  opts.separator "Examples:"
-  opts.separator "  nokogiri https://www.ruby-lang.org/"
-  opts.separator "  nokogiri ./public/index.html"
-  opts.separator "  curl -s http://www.nokogiri.org | nokogiri -e'p $_.css(\"h1\").length'"
-  opts.separator ""
-  opts.separator "Options:"
+  opts.define_head("Usage: nokogiri <uri|path> [options]")
+  opts.separator("")
+  opts.separator("Examples:")
+  opts.separator("  nokogiri https://www.ruby-lang.org/")
+  opts.separator("  nokogiri ./public/index.html")
+  opts.separator("  curl -s http://www.nokogiri.org | nokogiri -e'p $_.css(\"h1\").length'")
+  opts.separator("")
+  opts.separator("Options:")
 
   opts.on("--type type", "Parse as type: xml or html (default: auto)", [:xml, :html]) do |v|
-    parse_class = {:xml => Nokogiri::XML, :html => Nokogiri::HTML}[v]
+    parse_class = { xml: Nokogiri::XML, html: Nokogiri::HTML }[v]
   end
 
   opts.on("-C file", "Specifies initialization file to load (default #{Nokogiri::CLI.rcfile})") do |v|
     Nokogiri::CLI.rcfile = v
   end
 
-  opts.on("-E", "--encoding encoding", "Read as encoding (default: #{encoding || 'none'})") do |v|
+  opts.on("-E", "--encoding encoding", "Read as encoding (default: #{encoding || "none"})") do |v|
     encoding = v
   end
 
@@ -64,7 +80,7 @@ opts = OptionParser.new do |opts|
   end
 
   opts.on("--rng <uri|path>", "Validate using this rng file.") do |v|
-    @rng = open(v) {|f| Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG(f)}
+    @rng = Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG(safe_read(v))
   end
 
   opts.on_tail("-?", "--help", "Show this message") do
@@ -90,15 +106,10 @@ if File.file?(Nokogiri::CLI.rcfile)
   load Nokogiri::CLI.rcfile
 end
 
-if url || $stdin.tty?
-  case uri = (URI(url) rescue url)
-  when URI::HTTP
-    @doc = parse_class.parse(uri.read, url, encoding)
-  else
-    @doc = parse_class.parse(open(url).read, nil, encoding)
-  end
+@doc = if url || $stdin.tty?
+  parse_class.parse(safe_read(url), url, encoding)
 else
-  @doc = parse_class.parse($stdin, nil, encoding)
+  parse_class.parse($stdin, nil, encoding)
 end
 
 $_ = @doc
@@ -107,12 +118,14 @@ if @rng
   @rng.validate(@doc).each do |error|
     puts error.message
   end
-else
-  if @script
-    eval @script, binding, '<main>'
-  else
-    puts "Your document is stored in @doc..."
-    Nokogiri::CLI.console.start
+elsif @script
+  begin
+    eval(@script, binding, "<main>") # rubocop:disable Security/Eval
+  rescue Exception => e # rubocop:disable Lint/RescueException
+    warn("ERROR: Exception raised while evaluating '#{@script}'")
+    raise e
   end
+else
+  puts "Your document is stored in @doc..."
+  Nokogiri::CLI.console.start
 end
-
diff --git a/concourse/TODO.md b/concourse/TODO.md
deleted file mode 100644
index 0578280659..0000000000
--- a/concourse/TODO.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-# nokogiri concourse to-do
-
-## concourse.yml
-
-* [x] real ssl cert
-* [x] github authentication
-* [x] bastion host
-* [x] upgrade bbl
-
-## nokogiri.yml
-
-* [x] test using system libraries
-* [x] handle pull requests
-* [x] run windows tests under devkit
-* [ ] osx
-  * system
-  * system-homebrew
-  * vendored
-* [ ] build an rc gem and upload to rubygems [→ rubygems resource]
-  * should always check manifest
-* install gem and test:
-  * [ ] osx
-  * [ ] linux (system)
-  * [ ] linux (vendored)
-  * [ ] linux (vendored, --disable-static)
-  * [ ] openSUSE with site_config (lib64, #1562)
-  * [ ] windows (fat binary)
-  * [ ] windows (devkit)
-* notifications on failure / success
-  * [x] irc [→ irc resource]
-
-## other projects
-
-* [x] pipeline: mini_portile [→ bosh release]
-* [x] pipeline: chromedriver-helper
-* [x] bosh release for windows worker config:
-  * [ ] ruby of all supported versions
-  * [ ] devkit installed in all rubies
-  * [ ] cmake
-* [x] resource: irc
-* [ ] resource: rubygems
-
-## nokogiri stretch goals
-
-* [ ] get openbsd / freebsd / etc. people to donate worker machines
-* [ ] use an S3 bucket for sub-artifacts:
-  * source tarballs
-  * compiled .dlls
diff --git a/concourse/common_prelude.rb b/concourse/common_prelude.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6fce7f4d7f..0000000000
--- a/concourse/common_prelude.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-require "json"
-
-cross_rubies_path = File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "..", ".cross_rubies")
-$native_ruby_versions = File.read(cross_rubies_path).split("\n").map do |line|
-  line.split(":").first.split(".").take(2).join(".")
-end.uniq.sort
diff --git a/concourse/config/wrap-pull-request-jobs.yml b/concourse/config/wrap-pull-request-jobs.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index e69de29bb2..0000000000
diff --git a/concourse/images/Dockerfile.alpine32.erb b/concourse/images/Dockerfile.alpine32.erb
deleted file mode 100644
index 382cedc247..0000000000
--- a/concourse/images/Dockerfile.alpine32.erb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-FROM i386/ruby:alpine3.12
-
-# prelude
-RUN apk update
-RUN apk add bash build-base
-
-# valgrind
-RUN apk add valgrind
-
-# libxml-et-al
-RUN apk add libxml2-dev libxslt-dev pkgconfig
-
-<%= File.read "bundle-install.step" %>
diff --git a/concourse/images/Dockerfile.jruby.erb b/concourse/images/Dockerfile.jruby.erb
deleted file mode 100644
index 49c8ac2ae9..0000000000
--- a/concourse/images/Dockerfile.jruby.erb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-FROM jruby:<%= version %>-jdk
-
-<%= File.read "java-opts.step" %>
-
-<%= File.read "update-bundler.step" %>
-
-<%= File.read "bundle-install.step" %>
diff --git a/concourse/images/debian-libxml-et-al.step b/concourse/images/debian-libxml-et-al.step
deleted file mode 100644
index 5f73f12f3b..0000000000
--- a/concourse/images/debian-libxml-et-al.step
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-# -*- dockerfile -*-
-
-RUN apt-get install -y libxslt-dev libxml2-dev pkg-config
diff --git a/concourse/images/java-opts.step b/concourse/images/java-opts.step
deleted file mode 100644
index cc7d0c7747..0000000000
--- a/concourse/images/java-opts.step
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-# -*- dockerfile -*-
-
-# https://github.com/docker-library/openjdk/issues/32
-ENV JAVA_OPTS="-Dfile.encoding=UTF8"
diff --git a/concourse/nokogiri-pr.yml b/concourse/nokogiri-pr.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index 5abe474bc1..0000000000
--- a/concourse/nokogiri-pr.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,433 +0,0 @@
-#@ load("@ytt:template", "template")
-
-#@ load("ruby.star", "cruby_versions")
-#@ all_cruby_versions = []
-#@ all_cruby_versions.extend(cruby_versions["supported"])
-#@ all_cruby_versions.extend(cruby_versions["beta"])
-
-#@ load("ruby.star", "jruby_versions")
-#@ all_jruby_versions = []
-#@ all_jruby_versions.extend(jruby_versions["supported"])
-#@ all_jruby_versions.extend(jruby_versions["beta"])
-
-#@ load("ruby.star", "truffleruby_versions")
-#@ all_truffleruby_versions = []
-#@ all_truffleruby_versions.extend(truffleruby_versions["supported"])
-#@ all_truffleruby_versions.extend(truffleruby_versions["beta"])
-
----
-#@ def registry_image(image_repo, image_tag):
-platform: linux
-image_resource:
-  type: registry-image
-  source:
-    repository: #@ image_repo
-    tag: #@ image_tag
-#@ end
-
----
-#@ def task_inputs():
-- name: ci
-- name: nokogiri-pr
-  path: nokogiri
-#@ end
-
----
-#@ def pend_pr(pr_resource_name, context):
-put: #@ pr_resource_name
-params:
-  path: #@ pr_resource_name
-  base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-  status: PENDING
-  context: #@ context
-  description: "Nokobot is working, beep boop ..."
-#@ end
-
----
-#@ def put_to_pr_on_everything(pr_resource_name, context):
-on_failure:
-  put: #@ pr_resource_name
-  params:
-    path: #@ pr_resource_name
-    base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-    status: FAILURE
-    context: #@ context
-    description: "This job had some failed tests."
-on_error:
-  put: #@ pr_resource_name
-  params:
-    path: #@ pr_resource_name
-    base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-    status: ERROR
-    context: #@ context
-    description: "This job had errors."
-on_abort:
-  put: #@ pr_resource_name
-  params:
-    path: #@ pr_resource_name
-    base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-    status: ERROR
-    context: #@ context
-    description: "This job was terminated."
-on_success:
-  put: #@ pr_resource_name
-  params:
-    path: #@ pr_resource_name
-    base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-    status: SUCCESS
-    context: #@ context
-    description: "Nokobot is happy with this job."
-#@ end
-
----
-% require "common_prelude.rb"
-
-resource_types:
-  - name: pull-request
-    type: registry-image
-    source:
-      repository: teliaoss/github-pr-resource
-
-
-resources:
-  - name: ci
-    type: git
-    icon: cog
-    source:
-      uri: https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/
-      branch: main
-      disable_ci_skip: true #! always get the latest pipeline configuration
-  - name: nokogiri-pr
-    type: pull-request
-    icon: github
-    check_every: 15m
-    webhook_token: ((nokogiri-pr-webhook-token))
-    source:
-      repository: sparklemotion/nokogiri
-      access_token: ((github-repo-status-access-token))
-      ignore_drafts: true
-      ignore_paths:
-        - "*.md"
-        - "concourse/"
-        - "suppressions/"
-        - ".github/"
-        - "Vagrantfile"
-
-
-jobs:
-#@ job_name = "rubocop"
-  - name: #@ job_name
-    public: true
-    _: #@ template.replace(put_to_pr_on_everything("nokogiri-pr", job_name))
-    plan:
-      - get: ci
-      - get: nokogiri-pr
-        trigger: true
-        version: every
-      - #@ pend_pr("nokogiri-pr", job_name)
-      - task: rubocop
-        config:
-          "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "bionic"))
-          inputs: #@ task_inputs()
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/rubocop.sh
-
-
-#@ job_name = "cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu"
-  - name: #@ job_name
-    public: true
-    _: #@ template.replace(put_to_pr_on_everything("nokogiri-pr", job_name))
-    plan:
-      - get: ci
-      - get: nokogiri-pr
-        trigger: true
-        version: every
-        passed: ["rubocop"]
-      - #@ pend_pr("nokogiri-pr", job_name)
-      - in_parallel:
-        - task: rake-test
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "bionic"))
-            inputs: #@ task_inputs()
-            params:
-              TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-            run:
-              path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        - task: rake-test-32bit
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "bionic32"))
-            inputs: #@ task_inputs()
-            params:
-              TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-            run:
-              path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-
-
-#@ for ruby_version in all_cruby_versions:
-#@ job_name = "cruby-{}".format(ruby_version)
-  - name: #@ job_name
-    public: true
-    _: #@ template.replace(put_to_pr_on_everything("nokogiri-pr", job_name))
-    plan:
-      - get: ci
-      - get: nokogiri-pr
-        trigger: true
-        version: every
-        passed: ["cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu"]
-      - #@ pend_pr("nokogiri-pr", job_name)
-      - in_parallel:
-        - task: rake-test-system-libraries
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "mri-{}".format(ruby_version)))
-            inputs: #@ task_inputs()
-            params:
-              TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-              #@ if/end ruby_version == cruby_versions["supported"][-1]:
-              CC_TEST_REPORTER_ID: ((code_climate_reporter_id_nokogiri))
-            run:
-              path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        - task: rake-test-vendored-libraries
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "mri-{}".format(ruby_version)))
-            inputs: #@ task_inputs()
-            run:
-              path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        - task: rake-test-valgrind
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "mri-{}".format(ruby_version)))
-            inputs: #@ task_inputs()
-            params:
-              TEST_WITH_VALGRIND: t
-            run:
-              path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-#@ end
-
-#@ for ruby_version in all_jruby_versions:
-#@ job_name = "jruby-{}".format(ruby_version)
-  - name: #@ job_name 
-    public: true
-    #@ if/end ruby_version in jruby_versions["supported"]:
-    _: #@ template.replace(put_to_pr_on_everything("nokogiri-pr", job_name))
-    plan:
-      - get: ci
-      - get: nokogiri-pr
-        trigger: true
-        version: every
-        passed: ["cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu"]
-      - #@ pend_pr("nokogiri-pr", job_name)
-      - task: rake-test
-        config:
-          "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "jruby-{}".format(ruby_version)))
-          inputs: #@ task_inputs()
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-#@ end
-
-#@ job_name = "cruby-on-musl"
-  - name: #@ job_name
-    public: true
-    _: #@ template.replace(put_to_pr_on_everything("nokogiri-pr", job_name))
-    plan:
-      - get: ci
-      - get: nokogiri-pr
-        trigger: true
-        passed: #@ ["cruby-{}".format(ruby_version) for ruby_version in cruby_versions["supported"]]
-      - #@ pend_pr("nokogiri-pr", job_name)
-      - in_parallel:
-        - task: rake-test-system-libraries
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "alpine"))
-            inputs: #@ task_inputs()
-            params:
-              TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-            run:
-              path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        - task: rake-test-valgrind
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "alpine"))
-            inputs: #@ task_inputs()
-            params:
-              TEST_WITH_VALGRIND: t
-            run:
-              path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-
-
-#@ job_name = "cruby-with-libxmlruby"
-  - name: #@ job_name
-    public: true
-    _: #@ template.replace(put_to_pr_on_everything("nokogiri-pr", job_name))
-    plan:
-      - get: ci
-      - get: nokogiri-pr
-        trigger: true
-        version: every
-        passed: #@ ["cruby-{}".format(ruby_version) for ruby_version in cruby_versions["supported"]]
-      - #@ pend_pr("nokogiri-pr", job_name)
-      - in_parallel:
-        - task: rake-test-system-libraries
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "mri-{}".format(cruby_versions["supported"][-1])))
-            inputs: #@ task_inputs()
-            params:
-              BUNDLE_GEMFILE: "Gemfile-libxml-ruby"
-              TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-            run:
-              path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        - task: rake-test-valgrind
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "mri-{}".format(cruby_versions["supported"][-1])))
-            inputs: #@ task_inputs()
-            params:
-              BUNDLE_GEMFILE: "Gemfile-libxml-ruby"
-              TEST_WITH_VALGRIND: t
-            run:
-              path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-
-
-#@ job_name = "cruby-gem-test"
-  - name: #@ job_name
-    public: true
-    _: #@ template.replace(put_to_pr_on_everything("nokogiri-pr", job_name))
-    plan:
-      - get: ci
-      - get: nokogiri-pr
-        trigger: true
-        version: every
-        passed: #@ ["cruby-{}".format(ruby_version) for ruby_version in cruby_versions["supported"]]
-      - #@ pend_pr("nokogiri-pr", job_name)
-      - task: build
-        config:
-          "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("larskanis/rake-compiler-dock-mri-x86_64-linux", "<%= RakeCompilerDock::IMAGE_VERSION %>"))
-          inputs: #@ task_inputs()
-          outputs:
-            - name: gems
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build.sh
-      - in_parallel:
-        - task: install-and-test
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "mri-{}".format(cruby_versions["supported"][-1])))
-            inputs:
-              - #@ template.replace(task_inputs())
-              - name: gems
-            run:
-              path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-        - task: install-and-test-on-musl
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "alpine"))
-            inputs:
-              - #@ template.replace(task_inputs())
-              - name: gems
-            run:
-              path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-
-
-#@ job_name = "cruby-native-gem-test"
-  - name: #@ job_name
-    public: true
-    _: #@ template.replace(put_to_pr_on_everything("nokogiri-pr", job_name))
-    plan:
-      - get: ci
-      - get: nokogiri-pr
-        trigger: true
-        version: every
-        passed: #@ ["cruby-{}".format(ruby_version) for ruby_version in cruby_versions["supported"]]
-      - #@ pend_pr("nokogiri-pr", job_name)
-      - task: build
-        config:
-          "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("larskanis/rake-compiler-dock-mri-x86_64-linux", "<%= RakeCompilerDock::IMAGE_VERSION %>"))
-          inputs: #@ task_inputs()
-          outputs:
-            - name: gems
-          params:
-            BUILD_NATIVE_GEM: "x86_64-linux"
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build.sh
-      - in_parallel:
-        <% $native_ruby_versions.each do |ruby_version| %>
-        - task: install-and-test-<%= ruby_version %>
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "mri-<%= ruby_version %>"))
-            inputs:
-              - #@ template.replace(task_inputs())
-              - name: gems
-            run:
-              path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-        <% end %>
-        - task: install-and-test-on-musl
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "alpine"))
-            inputs:
-              - #@ template.replace(task_inputs())
-              - name: gems
-            run:
-              path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-
-
-#@ job_name = "cruby-native-gem-test-32bit"
-  - name: #@ job_name
-    public: true
-    _: #@ template.replace(put_to_pr_on_everything("nokogiri-pr", job_name))
-    plan:
-      - get: ci
-      - get: nokogiri-pr
-        trigger: true
-        version: every
-        passed: #@ ["cruby-{}".format(ruby_version) for ruby_version in cruby_versions["supported"]]
-      - #@ pend_pr("nokogiri-pr", job_name)
-      - task: build
-        config:
-          "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("larskanis/rake-compiler-dock-mri-x86-linux", "<%= RakeCompilerDock::IMAGE_VERSION %>"))
-          inputs: #@ task_inputs()
-          outputs:
-            - name: gems
-          params:
-            BUILD_NATIVE_GEM: "x86-linux"
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build.sh
-      - in_parallel:
-        - task: install-and-test-on-vanilla-ubuntu-32bit
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "bionic32"))
-            inputs:
-              - #@ template.replace(task_inputs())
-              - name: gems
-            run:
-              path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-        - task: install-and-test-on-musl-32bit
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "alpine32"))
-            inputs:
-              - #@ template.replace(task_inputs())
-              - name: gems
-            run:
-              path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-
-
-#@ job_name = "jruby-gem-test"
-  - name: #@ job_name
-    public: true
-    _: #@ template.replace(put_to_pr_on_everything("nokogiri-pr", job_name))
-    plan:
-      - get: ci
-      - get: nokogiri-pr
-        trigger: true
-        version: every
-        passed: #@ ["jruby-{}".format(ruby_version) for ruby_version in jruby_versions["supported"]]
-      - #@ pend_pr("nokogiri-pr", job_name)
-      - task: build
-        config:
-          "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("larskanis/rake-compiler-dock-jruby", "<%= RakeCompilerDock::IMAGE_VERSION %>"))
-          inputs: #@ task_inputs()
-          outputs:
-            - name: gems
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build-java.sh
-      - task: install-and-test
-        config:
-          "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "jruby-{}".format(jruby_versions["supported"][-1])))
-          inputs:
-            - #@ template.replace(task_inputs())
-            - name: gems
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
diff --git a/concourse/nokogiri-pr.yml.generated b/concourse/nokogiri-pr.yml.generated
deleted file mode 100644
index 5f11b032e8..0000000000
--- a/concourse/nokogiri-pr.yml.generated
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1248 +0,0 @@
-jobs:
-- name: rubocop
-  on_abort:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: rubocop
-      description: This job was terminated.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_error:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: rubocop
-      description: This job had errors.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_failure:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: rubocop
-      description: This job had some failed tests.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: FAILURE
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_success:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: rubocop
-      description: Nokobot is happy with this job.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: SUCCESS
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri-pr
-    trigger: true
-    version: every
-  - params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: rubocop
-      description: Nokobot is working, beep boop ...
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: PENDING
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  - config:
-      image_resource:
-        name: ""
-        source:
-          repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-          tag: bionic
-        type: registry-image
-      inputs:
-      - name: ci
-      - name: nokogiri-pr
-        path: nokogiri
-      platform: linux
-      run:
-        path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/rubocop.sh
-    task: rubocop
-  public: true
-- name: cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu
-  on_abort:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu
-      description: This job was terminated.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_error:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu
-      description: This job had errors.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_failure:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu
-      description: This job had some failed tests.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: FAILURE
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_success:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu
-      description: Nokobot is happy with this job.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: SUCCESS
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri-pr
-    passed:
-    - rubocop
-    trigger: true
-    version: every
-  - params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu
-      description: Nokobot is working, beep boop ...
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: PENDING
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  - in_parallel:
-      steps:
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: bionic
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          params:
-            TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: bionic32
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          params:
-            TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-32bit
-  public: true
-- name: cruby-2.5
-  on_abort:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-2.5
-      description: This job was terminated.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_error:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-2.5
-      description: This job had errors.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_failure:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-2.5
-      description: This job had some failed tests.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: FAILURE
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_success:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-2.5
-      description: Nokobot is happy with this job.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: SUCCESS
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri-pr
-    passed:
-    - cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu
-    trigger: true
-    version: every
-  - params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-2.5
-      description: Nokobot is working, beep boop ...
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: PENDING
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  - in_parallel:
-      steps:
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.5
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          params:
-            TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-system-libraries
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.5
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-vendored-libraries
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.5
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          params:
-            TEST_WITH_VALGRIND: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-valgrind
-  public: true
-- name: cruby-2.6
-  on_abort:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-2.6
-      description: This job was terminated.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_error:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-2.6
-      description: This job had errors.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_failure:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-2.6
-      description: This job had some failed tests.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: FAILURE
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_success:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-2.6
-      description: Nokobot is happy with this job.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: SUCCESS
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri-pr
-    passed:
-    - cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu
-    trigger: true
-    version: every
-  - params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-2.6
-      description: Nokobot is working, beep boop ...
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: PENDING
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  - in_parallel:
-      steps:
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.6
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          params:
-            TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-system-libraries
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.6
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-vendored-libraries
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.6
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          params:
-            TEST_WITH_VALGRIND: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-valgrind
-  public: true
-- name: cruby-2.7
-  on_abort:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-2.7
-      description: This job was terminated.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_error:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-2.7
-      description: This job had errors.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_failure:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-2.7
-      description: This job had some failed tests.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: FAILURE
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_success:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-2.7
-      description: Nokobot is happy with this job.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: SUCCESS
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri-pr
-    passed:
-    - cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu
-    trigger: true
-    version: every
-  - params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-2.7
-      description: Nokobot is working, beep boop ...
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: PENDING
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  - in_parallel:
-      steps:
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.7
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          params:
-            TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-system-libraries
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.7
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-vendored-libraries
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.7
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          params:
-            TEST_WITH_VALGRIND: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-valgrind
-  public: true
-- name: cruby-3.0
-  on_abort:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-3.0
-      description: This job was terminated.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_error:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-3.0
-      description: This job had errors.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_failure:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-3.0
-      description: This job had some failed tests.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: FAILURE
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_success:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-3.0
-      description: Nokobot is happy with this job.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: SUCCESS
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri-pr
-    passed:
-    - cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu
-    trigger: true
-    version: every
-  - params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-3.0
-      description: Nokobot is working, beep boop ...
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: PENDING
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  - in_parallel:
-      steps:
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-3.0
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          params:
-            CC_TEST_REPORTER_ID: ((code_climate_reporter_id_nokogiri))
-            TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-system-libraries
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-3.0
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-vendored-libraries
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-3.0
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          params:
-            TEST_WITH_VALGRIND: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-valgrind
-  public: true
-- name: jruby-9.2
-  on_abort:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: jruby-9.2
-      description: This job was terminated.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_error:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: jruby-9.2
-      description: This job had errors.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_failure:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: jruby-9.2
-      description: This job had some failed tests.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: FAILURE
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_success:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: jruby-9.2
-      description: Nokobot is happy with this job.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: SUCCESS
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri-pr
-    passed:
-    - cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu
-    trigger: true
-    version: every
-  - params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: jruby-9.2
-      description: Nokobot is working, beep boop ...
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: PENDING
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  - config:
-      image_resource:
-        name: ""
-        source:
-          repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-          tag: jruby-9.2
-        type: registry-image
-      inputs:
-      - name: ci
-      - name: nokogiri-pr
-        path: nokogiri
-      platform: linux
-      run:
-        path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-    task: rake-test
-  public: true
-- name: cruby-on-musl
-  on_abort:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-on-musl
-      description: This job was terminated.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_error:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-on-musl
-      description: This job had errors.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_failure:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-on-musl
-      description: This job had some failed tests.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: FAILURE
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_success:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-on-musl
-      description: Nokobot is happy with this job.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: SUCCESS
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri-pr
-    passed:
-    - cruby-2.5
-    - cruby-2.6
-    - cruby-2.7
-    - cruby-3.0
-    trigger: true
-  - params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-on-musl
-      description: Nokobot is working, beep boop ...
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: PENDING
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  - in_parallel:
-      steps:
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: alpine
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          params:
-            TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-system-libraries
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: alpine
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          params:
-            TEST_WITH_VALGRIND: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-valgrind
-  public: true
-- name: cruby-with-libxmlruby
-  on_abort:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-with-libxmlruby
-      description: This job was terminated.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_error:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-with-libxmlruby
-      description: This job had errors.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_failure:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-with-libxmlruby
-      description: This job had some failed tests.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: FAILURE
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_success:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-with-libxmlruby
-      description: Nokobot is happy with this job.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: SUCCESS
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri-pr
-    passed:
-    - cruby-2.5
-    - cruby-2.6
-    - cruby-2.7
-    - cruby-3.0
-    trigger: true
-    version: every
-  - params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-with-libxmlruby
-      description: Nokobot is working, beep boop ...
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: PENDING
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  - in_parallel:
-      steps:
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-3.0
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          params:
-            BUNDLE_GEMFILE: Gemfile-libxml-ruby
-            TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-system-libraries
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-3.0
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          params:
-            BUNDLE_GEMFILE: Gemfile-libxml-ruby
-            TEST_WITH_VALGRIND: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-valgrind
-  public: true
-- name: cruby-gem-test
-  on_abort:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-gem-test
-      description: This job was terminated.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_error:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-gem-test
-      description: This job had errors.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_failure:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-gem-test
-      description: This job had some failed tests.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: FAILURE
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_success:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-gem-test
-      description: Nokobot is happy with this job.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: SUCCESS
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri-pr
-    passed:
-    - cruby-2.5
-    - cruby-2.6
-    - cruby-2.7
-    - cruby-3.0
-    trigger: true
-    version: every
-  - params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-gem-test
-      description: Nokobot is working, beep boop ...
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: PENDING
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  - config:
-      image_resource:
-        name: ""
-        source:
-          repository: larskanis/rake-compiler-dock-mri-x86_64-linux
-          tag: 1.1.0
-        type: registry-image
-      inputs:
-      - name: ci
-      - name: nokogiri-pr
-        path: nokogiri
-      outputs:
-      - name: gems
-      platform: linux
-      run:
-        path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build.sh
-    task: build
-  - in_parallel:
-      steps:
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-3.0
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          - name: gems
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-        task: install-and-test
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: alpine
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          - name: gems
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-        task: install-and-test-on-musl
-  public: true
-- name: cruby-native-gem-test
-  on_abort:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-native-gem-test
-      description: This job was terminated.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_error:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-native-gem-test
-      description: This job had errors.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_failure:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-native-gem-test
-      description: This job had some failed tests.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: FAILURE
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_success:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-native-gem-test
-      description: Nokobot is happy with this job.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: SUCCESS
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri-pr
-    passed:
-    - cruby-2.5
-    - cruby-2.6
-    - cruby-2.7
-    - cruby-3.0
-    trigger: true
-    version: every
-  - params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-native-gem-test
-      description: Nokobot is working, beep boop ...
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: PENDING
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  - config:
-      image_resource:
-        name: ""
-        source:
-          repository: larskanis/rake-compiler-dock-mri-x86_64-linux
-          tag: 1.1.0
-        type: registry-image
-      inputs:
-      - name: ci
-      - name: nokogiri-pr
-        path: nokogiri
-      outputs:
-      - name: gems
-      params:
-        BUILD_NATIVE_GEM: x86_64-linux
-      platform: linux
-      run:
-        path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build.sh
-    task: build
-  - in_parallel:
-      steps:
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.5
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          - name: gems
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-        task: install-and-test-2.5
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.6
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          - name: gems
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-        task: install-and-test-2.6
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.7
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          - name: gems
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-        task: install-and-test-2.7
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-3.0
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          - name: gems
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-        task: install-and-test-3.0
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: alpine
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          - name: gems
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-        task: install-and-test-on-musl
-  public: true
-- name: cruby-native-gem-test-32bit
-  on_abort:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-native-gem-test-32bit
-      description: This job was terminated.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_error:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-native-gem-test-32bit
-      description: This job had errors.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_failure:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-native-gem-test-32bit
-      description: This job had some failed tests.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: FAILURE
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_success:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-native-gem-test-32bit
-      description: Nokobot is happy with this job.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: SUCCESS
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri-pr
-    passed:
-    - cruby-2.5
-    - cruby-2.6
-    - cruby-2.7
-    - cruby-3.0
-    trigger: true
-    version: every
-  - params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: cruby-native-gem-test-32bit
-      description: Nokobot is working, beep boop ...
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: PENDING
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  - config:
-      image_resource:
-        name: ""
-        source:
-          repository: larskanis/rake-compiler-dock-mri-x86-linux
-          tag: 1.1.0
-        type: registry-image
-      inputs:
-      - name: ci
-      - name: nokogiri-pr
-        path: nokogiri
-      outputs:
-      - name: gems
-      params:
-        BUILD_NATIVE_GEM: x86-linux
-      platform: linux
-      run:
-        path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build.sh
-    task: build
-  - in_parallel:
-      steps:
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: bionic32
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          - name: gems
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-        task: install-and-test-on-vanilla-ubuntu-32bit
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: alpine32
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri-pr
-            path: nokogiri
-          - name: gems
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-        task: install-and-test-on-musl-32bit
-  public: true
-- name: jruby-gem-test
-  on_abort:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: jruby-gem-test
-      description: This job was terminated.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_error:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: jruby-gem-test
-      description: This job had errors.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: ERROR
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_failure:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: jruby-gem-test
-      description: This job had some failed tests.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: FAILURE
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  on_success:
-    params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: jruby-gem-test
-      description: Nokobot is happy with this job.
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: SUCCESS
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri-pr
-    passed:
-    - jruby-9.2
-    trigger: true
-    version: every
-  - params:
-      base_context: ci.nokogiri.org
-      context: jruby-gem-test
-      description: Nokobot is working, beep boop ...
-      path: nokogiri-pr
-      status: PENDING
-    put: nokogiri-pr
-  - config:
-      image_resource:
-        name: ""
-        source:
-          repository: larskanis/rake-compiler-dock-jruby
-          tag: 1.1.0
-        type: registry-image
-      inputs:
-      - name: ci
-      - name: nokogiri-pr
-        path: nokogiri
-      outputs:
-      - name: gems
-      platform: linux
-      run:
-        path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build-java.sh
-    task: build
-  - config:
-      image_resource:
-        name: ""
-        source:
-          repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-          tag: jruby-9.2
-        type: registry-image
-      inputs:
-      - name: ci
-      - name: nokogiri-pr
-        path: nokogiri
-      - name: gems
-      platform: linux
-      run:
-        path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-    task: install-and-test
-  public: true
-resource_types:
-- name: pull-request
-  source:
-    repository: teliaoss/github-pr-resource
-  type: registry-image
-resources:
-- icon: cog
-  name: ci
-  source:
-    branch: main
-    disable_ci_skip: true
-    uri: https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/
-  type: git
-- check_every: 15m0s
-  icon: github
-  name: nokogiri-pr
-  source:
-    access_token: ((github-repo-status-access-token))
-    ignore_drafts: true
-    ignore_paths:
-    - '*.md'
-    - concourse/
-    - suppressions/
-    - .github/
-    - Vagrantfile
-    repository: sparklemotion/nokogiri
-  type: pull-request
-  webhook_token: ((nokogiri-pr-webhook-token))
diff --git a/concourse/nokogiri-truffleruby.yml b/concourse/nokogiri-truffleruby.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index 23b62920ac..0000000000
--- a/concourse/nokogiri-truffleruby.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,119 +0,0 @@
-#@ load("@ytt:template", "template")
-
-#@ load("ruby.star", "truffleruby_versions")
-#@ all_truffleruby_versions = []
-#@ all_truffleruby_versions.extend(truffleruby_versions["beta"])
-#! 2021-03-10 omit stable until the changes related to nokogiri are shipping in v22
-#! #@ all_truffleruby_versions.extend(truffleruby_versions["supported"])
-
-#@ compile_flag_combos = [["--disable-system-libraries", "--disable-static"],
-#@                        ["--disable-system-libraries", "--enable-static"],
-#@                        ["--enable-system-libraries"]]
-
----
-#@ def registry_image(image_repo, image_tag):
-platform: linux
-image_resource:
-  type: registry-image
-  source:
-    repository: #@ image_repo
-    tag: #@ image_tag
-#@ end
-
----
-resource_types:
-  - name: pull-request
-    type: registry-image
-    source:
-      repository: teliaoss/github-pr-resource
-
-
-resources:
-  - name: ci
-    type: git
-    icon: cog
-    source:
-      uri: https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/
-      branch: main
-      disable_ci_skip: true #! always get the latest pipeline configuration
-  - name: nokogiri
-    type: git
-    icon: "github"
-    check_every: 5m
-    webhook_token: ((nokogiri-main-webhook-token))
-    source:
-      uri: https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/
-      branch: main
-      ignore_paths:
-        - "*.md"
-        - "concourse/**"
-        - "suppressions/**"
-        - ".github/**"
-        - "Vagrantfile"
-  - name: nokogiri-pr
-    type: pull-request
-    icon: github
-    check_every: 15m
-    webhook_token: ((nokogiri-pr-webhook-token))
-    source:
-      repository: sparklemotion/nokogiri
-      access_token: ((github-repo-status-access-token))
-      ignore_drafts: true
-      ignore_paths:
-        - "*.md"
-        - "concourse/"
-        - "suppressions/"
-        - ".github/"
-        - "Vagrantfile"
-
-jobs:
-#@ previous_job_name = None
-#@ for ruby_version in all_truffleruby_versions:
-#@ job_name = "truffle-{}".format(ruby_version)
-  - name: #@ job_name
-    public: true
-    plan:
-      - get: ci
-      - get: nokogiri
-        trigger: true
-        #@ if/end previous_job_name:
-        passed: #@ [previous_job_name]
-      #@ for compile_flags in compile_flag_combos:
-      #@ task_name = ["rake-test"]
-      #@ task_name.extend(compile_flags)
-      - task: #@ "_".join(task_name)
-        config:
-          "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "truffle-{}".format(ruby_version)))
-          inputs: [{name: ci}, {name: nokogiri}]
-          params:
-            COMPILE_FLAGS: #@ " ".join(compile_flags)
-          run: { path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh }
-      #@ end
-#@ previous_job_name = job_name
-#@ end
-
-#@ previous_job_name = None
-#@ for ruby_version in all_truffleruby_versions:
-#@ job_name = "truffle-pr-{}".format(ruby_version)
-  - name: #@ job_name
-    public: true
-    plan:
-      - get: ci
-      - get: nokogiri-pr
-        trigger: true
-        version: every
-        #@ if/end previous_job_name:
-        passed: #@ [previous_job_name]
-      #@ for compile_flags in compile_flag_combos:
-      #@ task_name = ["rake-test"]
-      #@ task_name.extend(compile_flags)
-      - task: #@ "_".join(task_name)
-        config:
-          "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "truffle-{}".format(ruby_version)))
-          inputs: [{name: ci}, {name: nokogiri-pr, path: nokogiri}]
-          params:
-            COMPILE_FLAGS: #@ " ".join(compile_flags)
-          run: { path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh }
-      #@ end
-#@ previous_job_name = job_name
-#@ end
diff --git a/concourse/nokogiri-truffleruby.yml.generated b/concourse/nokogiri-truffleruby.yml.generated
deleted file mode 100644
index 5f96dd71e1..0000000000
--- a/concourse/nokogiri-truffleruby.yml.generated
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,155 +0,0 @@
-jobs:
-- name: truffle-nightly
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri
-    trigger: true
-  - config:
-      image_resource:
-        name: ""
-        source:
-          repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-          tag: truffle-nightly
-        type: registry-image
-      inputs:
-      - name: ci
-      - name: nokogiri
-      params:
-        COMPILE_FLAGS: --disable-system-libraries --disable-static
-      platform: linux
-      run:
-        path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-    task: rake-test_--disable-system-libraries_--disable-static
-  - config:
-      image_resource:
-        name: ""
-        source:
-          repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-          tag: truffle-nightly
-        type: registry-image
-      inputs:
-      - name: ci
-      - name: nokogiri
-      params:
-        COMPILE_FLAGS: --disable-system-libraries --enable-static
-      platform: linux
-      run:
-        path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-    task: rake-test_--disable-system-libraries_--enable-static
-  - config:
-      image_resource:
-        name: ""
-        source:
-          repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-          tag: truffle-nightly
-        type: registry-image
-      inputs:
-      - name: ci
-      - name: nokogiri
-      params:
-        COMPILE_FLAGS: --enable-system-libraries
-      platform: linux
-      run:
-        path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-    task: rake-test_--enable-system-libraries
-  public: true
-- name: truffle-pr-nightly
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri-pr
-    trigger: true
-    version: every
-  - config:
-      image_resource:
-        name: ""
-        source:
-          repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-          tag: truffle-nightly
-        type: registry-image
-      inputs:
-      - name: ci
-      - name: nokogiri-pr
-        path: nokogiri
-      params:
-        COMPILE_FLAGS: --disable-system-libraries --disable-static
-      platform: linux
-      run:
-        path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-    task: rake-test_--disable-system-libraries_--disable-static
-  - config:
-      image_resource:
-        name: ""
-        source:
-          repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-          tag: truffle-nightly
-        type: registry-image
-      inputs:
-      - name: ci
-      - name: nokogiri-pr
-        path: nokogiri
-      params:
-        COMPILE_FLAGS: --disable-system-libraries --enable-static
-      platform: linux
-      run:
-        path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-    task: rake-test_--disable-system-libraries_--enable-static
-  - config:
-      image_resource:
-        name: ""
-        source:
-          repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-          tag: truffle-nightly
-        type: registry-image
-      inputs:
-      - name: ci
-      - name: nokogiri-pr
-        path: nokogiri
-      params:
-        COMPILE_FLAGS: --enable-system-libraries
-      platform: linux
-      run:
-        path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-    task: rake-test_--enable-system-libraries
-  public: true
-resource_types:
-- name: pull-request
-  source:
-    repository: teliaoss/github-pr-resource
-  type: registry-image
-resources:
-- icon: cog
-  name: ci
-  source:
-    branch: main
-    disable_ci_skip: true
-    uri: https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/
-  type: git
-- check_every: 5m0s
-  icon: github
-  name: nokogiri
-  source:
-    branch: main
-    ignore_paths:
-    - '*.md'
-    - concourse/**
-    - suppressions/**
-    - .github/**
-    - Vagrantfile
-    uri: https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/
-  type: git
-  webhook_token: ((nokogiri-main-webhook-token))
-- check_every: 15m0s
-  icon: github
-  name: nokogiri-pr
-  source:
-    access_token: ((github-repo-status-access-token))
-    ignore_drafts: true
-    ignore_paths:
-    - '*.md'
-    - concourse/
-    - suppressions/
-    - .github/
-    - Vagrantfile
-    repository: sparklemotion/nokogiri
-  type: pull-request
-  webhook_token: ((nokogiri-pr-webhook-token))
diff --git a/concourse/nokogiri.yml b/concourse/nokogiri.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index 3200ac84c4..0000000000
--- a/concourse/nokogiri.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,349 +0,0 @@
-#@ load("@ytt:template", "template")
-
-#@ load("ruby.star", "cruby_versions")
-#@ all_cruby_versions = []
-#@ all_cruby_versions.extend(cruby_versions["supported"])
-#@ all_cruby_versions.extend(cruby_versions["beta"])
-
-#@ load("ruby.star", "jruby_versions")
-#@ all_jruby_versions = []
-#@ all_jruby_versions.extend(jruby_versions["supported"])
-#@ all_jruby_versions.extend(jruby_versions["beta"])
-
-#@ load("ruby.star", "truffleruby_versions")
-#@ all_truffleruby_versions = []
-#@ all_truffleruby_versions.extend(truffleruby_versions["supported"])
-#@ all_truffleruby_versions.extend(truffleruby_versions["beta"])
-
----
-#@ def registry_image(image_repo, image_tag):
-platform: linux
-image_resource:
-  type: registry-image
-  source:
-    repository: #@ image_repo
-    tag: #@ image_tag
-#@ end
-
----
-#@ def task_inputs():
-- name: ci
-- name: nokogiri
-#@ end
-
----
-% require "common_prelude.rb"
-
-resource_types:
-  - name: webhook-notification
-    type: registry-image
-    source:
-      repository: flavorjones/webhook-notification-resource
-      tag: latest
-
-resources:
-  - name: ci
-    type: git
-    icon: cog
-    source:
-      uri: https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/
-      branch: main
-      disable_ci_skip: true #! always get the latest pipeline configuration
-  - name: nokogiri
-    type: git
-    icon: "github"
-    check_every: 5m
-    webhook_token: ((nokogiri-main-webhook-token))
-    source:
-      uri: https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/
-      branch: main
-      ignore_paths:
-        - "*.md"
-        - "concourse/**"
-        - "suppressions/**"
-        - ".github/**"
-        - "Vagrantfile"
-
-
-jobs:
-#@ job_name = "rubocop"
-  - name: #@ job_name
-    public: true
-    plan:
-      - get: ci
-      - get: nokogiri
-        trigger: true
-      - task: rubocop
-        config:
-          "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "bionic"))
-          inputs: [{name: ci}, {name: nokogiri}]
-          run: {path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/rubocop.sh}
-
-
-#@ job_name = "cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu"
-  - name: #@ job_name
-    public: true
-    plan:
-      - get: ci
-      - get: nokogiri
-        trigger: true
-        passed: ["rubocop"]
-      - in_parallel:
-        - task: rake-test
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "bionic"))
-            inputs: [{name: ci}, {name: nokogiri}]
-            params: {TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t}
-            run: {path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh}
-        - task: rake-test-32bit
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "bionic32"))
-            inputs: [{name: ci}, {name: nokogiri}]
-            params: {TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t}
-            run: {path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh}
-
-
-#@ for ruby_version in all_cruby_versions:
-#@ job_name = "cruby-{}".format(ruby_version)
-  - name: #@ job_name
-    public: true
-    plan:
-      - get: ci
-      - get: nokogiri
-        trigger: true
-        passed: ["cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu"]
-      - in_parallel:
-        - task: rake-test-system-libraries
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "mri-{}".format(ruby_version)))
-            inputs: [{name: ci}, {name: nokogiri}]
-            params:
-              TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-              #@ if ruby_version == cruby_versions["supported"][-1]:
-              CC_TEST_REPORTER_ID: ((code_climate_reporter_id_nokogiri))
-              GIT_BRANCH: main
-              #@ end
-            run: {path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh}
-        - task: rake-test-vendored-libraries
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "mri-{}".format(ruby_version)))
-            inputs: [{name: ci}, {name: nokogiri}]
-            run: {path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh}
-        - task: rake-test-valgrind
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "mri-{}".format(ruby_version)))
-            inputs: [{name: ci}, {name: nokogiri}]
-            params: {TEST_WITH_VALGRIND: t}
-            run: {path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh}
-#@ end
-
-
-#@ for ruby_version in all_jruby_versions:
-#@ job_name = "jruby-{}".format(ruby_version)
-  - name: #@ job_name
-    public: true
-    plan:
-      - get: ci
-      - get: nokogiri
-        trigger: true
-        passed: ["cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu"]
-      - task: rake-test
-        config:
-          "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "jruby-{}".format(ruby_version)))
-          inputs: [{name: ci}, {name: nokogiri}]
-          run: {path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh}
-#@ end
-
-
-#@ job_name = "cruby-on-musl"
-  - name: #@ job_name
-    public: true
-    plan:
-      - get: ci
-      - get: nokogiri
-        trigger: true
-        passed: #@ ["cruby-{}".format(ruby_version) for ruby_version in cruby_versions["supported"]]
-      - in_parallel:
-        - task: rake-test-system-libraries
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "alpine"))
-            inputs: [{name: ci}, {name: nokogiri}]
-            run: {path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh}
-            params: {TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t}
-        - task: rake-test-valgrind
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "alpine"))
-            inputs: [{name: ci}, {name: nokogiri}]
-            run: {path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh}
-            params: {TEST_WITH_VALGRIND: t}
-
-
-#@ job_name = "cruby-with-libxmlruby"
-  - name: #@ job_name
-    public: true
-    plan:
-      - get: ci
-      - get: nokogiri
-        trigger: true
-        passed: #@ ["cruby-{}".format(ruby_version) for ruby_version in cruby_versions["supported"]]
-      - in_parallel:
-        - task: rake-test-system-libraries
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "mri-{}".format(cruby_versions["supported"][-1])))
-            inputs: [{name: ci}, {name: nokogiri}]
-            params:
-              BUNDLE_GEMFILE: "Gemfile-libxml-ruby"
-              TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-            run: {path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh}
-        - task: rake-test-valgrind
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "mri-{}".format(cruby_versions["supported"][-1])))
-            inputs: [{name: ci}, {name: nokogiri}]
-            params:
-              BUNDLE_GEMFILE: "Gemfile-libxml-ruby"
-              TEST_WITH_VALGRIND: t
-            run: {path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh}
-
-
-#@ job_name = "cruby-gem-test"
-  - name: #@ job_name
-    public: true
-    plan:
-      - get: ci
-      - get: nokogiri
-        trigger: true
-        passed: #@ ["cruby-{}".format(ruby_version) for ruby_version in cruby_versions["supported"]]
-      - task: build
-        config:
-          "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("larskanis/rake-compiler-dock-mri-x86_64-linux", "<%= RakeCompilerDock::IMAGE_VERSION %>"))
-          inputs: [{name: ci}, {name: nokogiri}]
-          outputs: [{name: gems}]
-          run: {path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build.sh}
-      - in_parallel:
-        - task: install-and-test
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "mri-{}".format(cruby_versions["supported"][-1])))
-            inputs:
-              - name: ci
-              - name: nokogiri
-              - name: gems
-            run: {path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh}
-        - task: install-and-test-on-musl
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "alpine"))
-            inputs:
-              - name: ci
-              - name: nokogiri
-              - name: gems
-            run: {path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh}
-
-
-#@ job_name = "cruby-native-gem-test"
-  - name: #@ job_name
-    public: true
-    plan:
-      - get: ci
-      - get: nokogiri
-        trigger: true
-        version: every
-        passed: #@ ["cruby-{}".format(ruby_version) for ruby_version in cruby_versions["supported"]]
-      - task: build
-        config:
-          "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("larskanis/rake-compiler-dock-mri-x86_64-linux", "<%= RakeCompilerDock::IMAGE_VERSION %>"))
-          inputs: [{name: ci}, {name: nokogiri}]
-          outputs: [{name: gems}]
-          params: {BUILD_NATIVE_GEM: "x86_64-linux"}
-          run: {path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build.sh}
-      - in_parallel:
-        <% $native_ruby_versions.each do |ruby_version| %>
-        - task: install-and-test-<%= ruby_version %>
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "mri-<%= ruby_version %>"))
-            inputs:
-              - name: ci
-              - name: nokogiri
-              - name: gems
-            run: {path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh}
-        <% end %>
-        - task: install-and-test-on-musl
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "alpine"))
-            inputs:
-              - name: ci
-              - name: nokogiri
-              - name: gems
-            run: {path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh}
-
-
-#@ job_name = "cruby-native-gem-test-32bit"
-  - name: #@ job_name
-    public: true
-    plan:
-      - get: ci
-      - get: nokogiri
-        trigger: true
-        version: every
-        passed: #@ ["cruby-{}".format(ruby_version) for ruby_version in cruby_versions["supported"]]
-      - task: build
-        config:
-          "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("larskanis/rake-compiler-dock-mri-x86-linux", "<%= RakeCompilerDock::IMAGE_VERSION %>"))
-          inputs: [{name: ci}, {name: nokogiri}]
-          outputs: [{name: gems}]
-          params: {BUILD_NATIVE_GEM: "x86-linux"}
-          run: {path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build.sh}
-      - in_parallel:
-        - task: install-and-test-on-vanilla-ubuntu-32bit
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "bionic32"))
-            inputs:
-              - name: ci
-              - name: nokogiri
-              - name: gems
-            run: {path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh}
-        - task: install-and-test-on-musl-32bit
-          config:
-            "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "alpine32"))
-            inputs:
-              - name: ci
-              - name: nokogiri
-              - name: gems
-            run: {path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh}
-
-
-#@ job_name = "jruby-gem-test"
-  - name: #@ job_name
-    public: true
-    plan:
-      - get: ci
-      - get: nokogiri
-        trigger: true
-        passed: #@ ["jruby-{}".format(ruby_version) for ruby_version in jruby_versions["supported"]]
-      - task: build
-        config:
-          "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("larskanis/rake-compiler-dock-jruby", "<%= RakeCompilerDock::IMAGE_VERSION %>"))
-          inputs: [{name: ci}, {name: nokogiri}]
-          outputs: [{name: gems}]
-          run: {path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build-java.sh}
-      - task: install-and-test
-        config:
-          "_": #@ template.replace(registry_image("flavorjones/nokogiri-test", "jruby-{}".format(jruby_versions["supported"][-1])))
-          inputs:
-            - name: ci
-            - name: nokogiri
-            - name: gems
-          run: {path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh}
-
-
-  - name: build-success
-    public: true
-    disable_manual_trigger: true
-    plan:
-      - get: nokogiri
-        trigger: true
-        version: every
-        passed:
-          - cruby-on-musl
-          - cruby-with-libxmlruby
-          - cruby-gem-test
-          - cruby-native-gem-test
-          - jruby-gem-test
diff --git a/concourse/nokogiri.yml.generated b/concourse/nokogiri.yml.generated
deleted file mode 100644
index 5432443b2d..0000000000
--- a/concourse/nokogiri.yml.generated
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,711 +0,0 @@
-jobs:
-- name: rubocop
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri
-    trigger: true
-  - config:
-      image_resource:
-        name: ""
-        source:
-          repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-          tag: bionic
-        type: registry-image
-      inputs:
-      - name: ci
-      - name: nokogiri
-      platform: linux
-      run:
-        path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/rubocop.sh
-    task: rubocop
-  public: true
-- name: cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri
-    passed:
-    - rubocop
-    trigger: true
-  - in_parallel:
-      steps:
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: bionic
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          params:
-            TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: bionic32
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          params:
-            TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-32bit
-  public: true
-- name: cruby-2.5
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri
-    passed:
-    - cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu
-    trigger: true
-  - in_parallel:
-      steps:
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.5
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          params:
-            TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-system-libraries
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.5
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-vendored-libraries
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.5
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          params:
-            TEST_WITH_VALGRIND: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-valgrind
-  public: true
-- name: cruby-2.6
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri
-    passed:
-    - cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu
-    trigger: true
-  - in_parallel:
-      steps:
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.6
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          params:
-            TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-system-libraries
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.6
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-vendored-libraries
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.6
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          params:
-            TEST_WITH_VALGRIND: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-valgrind
-  public: true
-- name: cruby-2.7
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri
-    passed:
-    - cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu
-    trigger: true
-  - in_parallel:
-      steps:
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.7
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          params:
-            TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-system-libraries
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.7
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-vendored-libraries
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.7
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          params:
-            TEST_WITH_VALGRIND: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-valgrind
-  public: true
-- name: cruby-3.0
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri
-    passed:
-    - cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu
-    trigger: true
-  - in_parallel:
-      steps:
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-3.0
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          params:
-            CC_TEST_REPORTER_ID: ((code_climate_reporter_id_nokogiri))
-            GIT_BRANCH: main
-            TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-system-libraries
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-3.0
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-vendored-libraries
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-3.0
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          params:
-            TEST_WITH_VALGRIND: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-valgrind
-  public: true
-- name: jruby-9.2
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri
-    passed:
-    - cruby-on-vanilla-ubuntu
-    trigger: true
-  - config:
-      image_resource:
-        name: ""
-        source:
-          repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-          tag: jruby-9.2
-        type: registry-image
-      inputs:
-      - name: ci
-      - name: nokogiri
-      platform: linux
-      run:
-        path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-    task: rake-test
-  public: true
-- name: cruby-on-musl
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri
-    passed:
-    - cruby-2.5
-    - cruby-2.6
-    - cruby-2.7
-    - cruby-3.0
-    trigger: true
-  - in_parallel:
-      steps:
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: alpine
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          params:
-            TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-system-libraries
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: alpine
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          params:
-            TEST_WITH_VALGRIND: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-valgrind
-  public: true
-- name: cruby-with-libxmlruby
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri
-    passed:
-    - cruby-2.5
-    - cruby-2.6
-    - cruby-2.7
-    - cruby-3.0
-    trigger: true
-  - in_parallel:
-      steps:
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-3.0
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          params:
-            BUNDLE_GEMFILE: Gemfile-libxml-ruby
-            TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-system-libraries
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-3.0
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          params:
-            BUNDLE_GEMFILE: Gemfile-libxml-ruby
-            TEST_WITH_VALGRIND: t
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
-        task: rake-test-valgrind
-  public: true
-- name: cruby-gem-test
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri
-    passed:
-    - cruby-2.5
-    - cruby-2.6
-    - cruby-2.7
-    - cruby-3.0
-    trigger: true
-  - config:
-      image_resource:
-        name: ""
-        source:
-          repository: larskanis/rake-compiler-dock-mri-x86_64-linux
-          tag: 1.1.0
-        type: registry-image
-      inputs:
-      - name: ci
-      - name: nokogiri
-      outputs:
-      - name: gems
-      platform: linux
-      run:
-        path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build.sh
-    task: build
-  - in_parallel:
-      steps:
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-3.0
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          - name: gems
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-        task: install-and-test
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: alpine
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          - name: gems
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-        task: install-and-test-on-musl
-  public: true
-- name: cruby-native-gem-test
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri
-    passed:
-    - cruby-2.5
-    - cruby-2.6
-    - cruby-2.7
-    - cruby-3.0
-    trigger: true
-    version: every
-  - config:
-      image_resource:
-        name: ""
-        source:
-          repository: larskanis/rake-compiler-dock-mri-x86_64-linux
-          tag: 1.1.0
-        type: registry-image
-      inputs:
-      - name: ci
-      - name: nokogiri
-      outputs:
-      - name: gems
-      params:
-        BUILD_NATIVE_GEM: x86_64-linux
-      platform: linux
-      run:
-        path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build.sh
-    task: build
-  - in_parallel:
-      steps:
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.5
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          - name: gems
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-        task: install-and-test-2.5
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.6
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          - name: gems
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-        task: install-and-test-2.6
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-2.7
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          - name: gems
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-        task: install-and-test-2.7
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: mri-3.0
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          - name: gems
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-        task: install-and-test-3.0
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: alpine
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          - name: gems
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-        task: install-and-test-on-musl
-  public: true
-- name: cruby-native-gem-test-32bit
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri
-    passed:
-    - cruby-2.5
-    - cruby-2.6
-    - cruby-2.7
-    - cruby-3.0
-    trigger: true
-    version: every
-  - config:
-      image_resource:
-        name: ""
-        source:
-          repository: larskanis/rake-compiler-dock-mri-x86-linux
-          tag: 1.1.0
-        type: registry-image
-      inputs:
-      - name: ci
-      - name: nokogiri
-      outputs:
-      - name: gems
-      params:
-        BUILD_NATIVE_GEM: x86-linux
-      platform: linux
-      run:
-        path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build.sh
-    task: build
-  - in_parallel:
-      steps:
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: bionic32
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          - name: gems
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-        task: install-and-test-on-vanilla-ubuntu-32bit
-      - config:
-          image_resource:
-            name: ""
-            source:
-              repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-              tag: alpine32
-            type: registry-image
-          inputs:
-          - name: ci
-          - name: nokogiri
-          - name: gems
-          platform: linux
-          run:
-            path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-        task: install-and-test-on-musl-32bit
-  public: true
-- name: jruby-gem-test
-  plan:
-  - get: ci
-  - get: nokogiri
-    passed:
-    - jruby-9.2
-    trigger: true
-  - config:
-      image_resource:
-        name: ""
-        source:
-          repository: larskanis/rake-compiler-dock-jruby
-          tag: 1.1.0
-        type: registry-image
-      inputs:
-      - name: ci
-      - name: nokogiri
-      outputs:
-      - name: gems
-      platform: linux
-      run:
-        path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build-java.sh
-    task: build
-  - config:
-      image_resource:
-        name: ""
-        source:
-          repository: flavorjones/nokogiri-test
-          tag: jruby-9.2
-        type: registry-image
-      inputs:
-      - name: ci
-      - name: nokogiri
-      - name: gems
-      platform: linux
-      run:
-        path: ci/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
-    task: install-and-test
-  public: true
-- disable_manual_trigger: true
-  name: build-success
-  plan:
-  - get: nokogiri
-    passed:
-    - cruby-on-musl
-    - cruby-with-libxmlruby
-    - cruby-gem-test
-    - cruby-native-gem-test
-    - jruby-gem-test
-    trigger: true
-    version: every
-  public: true
-resource_types:
-- name: webhook-notification
-  source:
-    repository: flavorjones/webhook-notification-resource
-    tag: latest
-  type: registry-image
-resources:
-- icon: cog
-  name: ci
-  source:
-    branch: main
-    disable_ci_skip: true
-    uri: https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/
-  type: git
-- check_every: 5m0s
-  icon: github
-  name: nokogiri
-  source:
-    branch: main
-    ignore_paths:
-    - '*.md'
-    - concourse/**
-    - suppressions/**
-    - .github/**
-    - Vagrantfile
-    uri: https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/
-  type: git
-  webhook_token: ((nokogiri-main-webhook-token))
diff --git a/concourse/shared/code-climate.sh b/concourse/shared/code-climate.sh
deleted file mode 100644
index bacc3061cf..0000000000
--- a/concourse/shared/code-climate.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,72 +0,0 @@
-#
-#  Source this file to have access to two functions:
-#
-#    code-climate-setup
-#
-#      * downloads the CC CLI
-#      * sets up CC environment variables
-#      * invokes CC's `before-build`
-#
-#
-#    code-climate-shipit
-#
-#      * invokes CC's `after-build`
-#
-#  Note that the env var CC_TEST_REPORTER_ID will need to be set. You
-#  can find this on your Code Climate project's "Repo Settings" page.
-#
-
-CC_CLI_URI="https://codeclimate.com/downloads/test-reporter/test-reporter-latest-linux-amd64"
-CC_CLI=$(basename ${CC_CLI_URI})
-
-function code-climate-setup {
-  save-option-xtrace-off
-
-  if [ -z "${CC_TEST_REPORTER_ID:-}" ] ; then
-    echo "WARNING: code-climate-setup: CC_TEST_REPORTER_ID is not set, skipping."
-  else
-    wget --no-verbose ${CC_CLI_URI}
-    chmod +x ${CC_CLI}
-
-    export CI_NAME="concourse"
-
-    ./${CC_CLI} env || true
-    ./${CC_CLI} before-build || true
-  fi
-
-  restore-option-xtrace
-}
-
-function code-climate-shipit {
-  save-option-xtrace-off
-
-  if [ -z "${CC_TEST_REPORTER_ID:-}" ] ; then
-    echo "WARNING: code-climate-shipit: CC_TEST_REPORTER_ID is not set, skipping."
-  else
-    ./${CC_CLI} after-build || true
-  fi
-
-  restore-option-xtrace
-}
-
-
-#
-#  utilities to save and restore the `xtrace` setting so we don't leak credentials
-#  https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/310957/how-to-restore-the-value-of-shell-options-like-set-x/310963
-#
-OLD_OPTION_XTRACE=""
-
-function save-option-xtrace {
-  OLD_OPTION_XTRACE="$(shopt -po xtrace)"
-  set +x
-}
-
-function save-option-xtrace-off {
-  save-option-xtrace
-  set +x
-}
-
-function restore-option-xtrace {
-  set +vx # suppress the following eval statement
-  eval "${OLD_OPTION_XTRACE}"
-}
diff --git a/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build-java.sh b/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build-java.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 4f5ea5fbbc..0000000000
--- a/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build-java.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-#! /usr/bin/env bash
-
-test -e /etc/os-release && cat /etc/os-release
-
-cd nokogiri
-
-set -e -x -u # after the `cd` because of rvm
-
-OUTPUT_DIR="../gems"
-
-# inputs from a real git resource will contain this dir, but we may
-# run this task via `fly execute` and so we need to do this to avoid
-# cleanup, see extconf.rb do_clean
-mkdir -p .git
-
-bundle install --local || bundle install
-
-# generate a fake version number
-bundle exec rake set-version-to-timestamp
-
-bundle exec rake java gem
-
-if [ -e ./scripts/test-gem-file-contents ] ; then
-  ./scripts/test-gem-file-contents pkg/nokogiri*java.gem
-fi
-
-mkdir -p ${OUTPUT_DIR}
-cp -v pkg/nokogiri*java.gem ${OUTPUT_DIR}
-sha256sum ${OUTPUT_DIR}/*
diff --git a/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build.sh b/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index e98d4f72f4..0000000000
--- a/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-#! /usr/bin/env bash
-
-test -e /etc/os-release && cat /etc/os-release
-
-if [ -n "${BUILD_NATIVE_GEM:-}" ] ; then
-  # normally part of rake-compiler-dock runas which we can't easily use in concourse
-  . /etc/rubybashrc
-  ln -s /usr/local/rake-compiler "$HOME"/.rake-compiler
-  export RAKE_EXTENSION_TASK_NO_NATIVE=true
-fi
-
-cd nokogiri
-
-set -e -x -u # after the `cd` because of rvm
-
-OUTPUT_DIR="../gems"
-
-# inputs from a real git resource will contain this dir, but we may
-# run this task via `fly execute` and so we need to do this to avoid
-# cleanup, see extconf.rb do_clean
-mkdir -p .git
-
-bundle install --local || bundle install
-
-# generate a fake version number
-bundle exec rake set-version-to-timestamp
-
-if [ -n "${BUILD_NATIVE_GEM:-}" ] ; then
-  bundle exec rake gem:${BUILD_NATIVE_GEM}:builder FORCE_CROSS_COMPILING=true
-else
-  # TODO we're only compiling so that we retrieve libxml2/libxslt
-  # tarballs, we can do better a couple of different ways
-  bundle exec rake clean compile
-
-  bundle exec rake gem
-fi
-
-if [[ -e ./scripts/test-gem-file-contents ]] ; then
-  ./scripts/test-gem-file-contents pkg/nokogiri*.gem
-fi
-
-mkdir -p ${OUTPUT_DIR}
-cp -v pkg/nokogiri*.gem ${OUTPUT_DIR}
-sha256sum ${OUTPUT_DIR}/*
diff --git a/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh b/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index f110231b4d..0000000000
--- a/concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-install-and-test.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-#! /usr/bin/env bash
-
-test -e /etc/os-release && cat /etc/os-release
-
-set -e -x -u
-
-pushd gems
-
-  gemfile=$(ls *.gem | head -n1)
-  sha256sum ${gemfile}
-  gem install --no-document ${gemfile}
-  gem list -d nokogiri
-  nokogiri -v
-
-popd
-
-pushd nokogiri
-
-  if [ -n "${BUNDLE_APP_CONFIG:-}" ] ; then
-    export BUNDLE_CACHE_PATH="${BUNDLE_APP_CONFIG}/cache"
-  fi
-
-  bundle install --local || bundle install # ensure dependencies are installed
-
-  rm -rf lib ext # ensure we don't use the local files
-  rake test
-
-  if [[ -e ./scripts/test-gem-installation ]] ; then
-    ./scripts/test-gem-installation
-  fi
-
-popd
-
-# cd out of the dir with the Gemfile and Gemfile.lock
-# because that's confusing to older versions of rubygems (e.g., bionic32)
-if [[ -e nokogiri/scripts/test-nokogumbo-compatibility ]] ; then
-  nokogiri/scripts/test-nokogumbo-compatibility
-fi
diff --git a/concourse/tasks/rake-test/rubocop.sh b/concourse/tasks/rake-test/rubocop.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index d8979fca61..0000000000
--- a/concourse/tasks/rake-test/rubocop.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-#! /usr/bin/env bash
-
-set -e -x -u
-
-pushd nokogiri
-
-  bundle install --local || bundle install
-  bundle exec rake rubocop
-
-popd
diff --git a/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.ps1 b/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.ps1
deleted file mode 100644
index 473f3eb725..0000000000
--- a/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.ps1
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-. "c:\var\vcap\packages\windows-ruby-dev-tools\prelude.ps1"
-
-$env:RUBYOPT = "-rdevkit"
-
-push-location nokogiri
-
-    system-cmd "gem install bundler"
-    system-cmd "bundle install"
-    system-cmd "bundle exec rake compile test"
-
-pop-location
diff --git a/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh b/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 60e3ec722f..0000000000
--- a/concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-#! /usr/bin/env bash
-
-test -e /etc/os-release && cat /etc/os-release
-
-set -e -x -u
-
-source "$(dirname "$0")/../../shared/code-climate.sh"
-
-VERSION_INFO=$(ruby -v)
-RUBY_ENGINE=$(cut -d" " -f1 <<< "${VERSION_INFO}")
-RUBY_VERSION=$(cut -d" " -f2 <<< "${VERSION_INFO}")
-
-pushd nokogiri
-
-  bundle install --local || bundle install
-
-  if [[ "${TEST_WITH_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES:-}" == "t" ]] ; then
-    # TODO remove this option, prefer COMPILE_FLAGS instead
-    export NOKOGIRI_USE_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES=t
-  fi
-
-  compile_task_args=""
-  if [[ "${COMPILE_FLAGS:-}" != "" ]] ; then
-    compile_task_args="-- ${COMPILE_FLAGS}"
-  fi
-
-  test_task="test"
-  if [[ "${TEST_WITH_VALGRIND:-}" == "t" ]] ; then
-    test_task="test:valgrind" # override
-    # export TESTOPTS="-v" # see more verbose output to help narrow down warnings
-  fi
-
-  code-climate-setup
-
-  bundle exec rake compile ${compile_task_args}
-  bundle exec rake ${test_task}
-
-  code-climate-shipit
-
-popd
diff --git a/dependencies.yml b/dependencies.yml
index ecd5de4c41..bb07a276e7 100644
--- a/dependencies.yml
+++ b/dependencies.yml
@@ -1,74 +1,23 @@
 libxml2:
-  version: "2.9.10"
-  sha256: "aafee193ffb8fe0c82d4afef6ef91972cbaf5feea100edc2f262750611b4be1f"
-  #  manually verified checksum:
-  #
-  #    $ gpg --verify libxml2-2.9.10.tar.gz.asc ports/archives/libxml2-2.9.10.tar.gz 
-  #    gpg: Signature made Wed 30 Oct 2019 03:15:42 PM EDT
-  #    gpg:                using RSA key DB46681BB91ADCEA170FA2D415588B26596BEA5D
-  #    gpg: Good signature from "Daniel Veillard (Red Hat work email) <veillard@redhat.com>" [unknown]
-  #    gpg:                 aka "Daniel Veillard <Daniel.Veillard@w3.org>" [unknown]
-  #    gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
-  #    gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
-  #    Primary key fingerprint: C744 15BA 7C9C 7F78 F02E  1DC3 4606 B8A5 DE95 BC1F
-  #         Subkey fingerprint: DB46 681B B91A DCEA 170F  A2D4 1558 8B26 596B EA5D
-  #
-  #  using this pgp signature:
-  #
-  #    -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
-  #    
-  #    iQEzBAABCAAdFiEE20ZoG7ka3OoXD6LUFViLJllr6l0FAl254V4ACgkQFViLJllr
-  #    6l0ldAf6Azt4/oKDfMKRd+xaykUrb+34dr2ZRsjRDS1cnelAtL9TCWhE5lOkLI3c
-  #    3FyNRaLhOEOOluZmKTJYyzS42JSSHDhxGj14gIeyafOjvRhHG3h1m5GvMmvgKWkd
-  #    qzxFrVFSG26iWJxMvxIA88t7M+QHb7ff7xR29ETJscewEmAd3LmZITglK02lWeGz
-  #    LfxfLuakM6RnCUu0dzacJKO0nMOKju+RL/N9bciI/UOhNYEkWqPnzC0GzbvFLqDu
-  #    rM+OvCSewSTziiejpdrUwYXkY5Ui2+cxUbacLauEr8iRLg7xXKqv27NORE4yeQcS
-  #    LgIhxG/qSNfihMS6E1ZO5bK2DbGCZQ==
-  #    =ZNuc
-  #    -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
-  #
+  version: "2.10.3"
+  sha256: "5d2cc3d78bec3dbe212a9d7fa629ada25a7da928af432c93060ff5c17ee28a9c"
+  # sha-256 hash provided in https://download.gnome.org/sources/libxml2/2.10/libxml2-2.10.3.sha256sum
 
 libxslt:
-  version: "1.1.34"
-  sha256: "98b1bd46d6792925ad2dfe9a87452ea2adebf69dcb9919ffd55bf926a7f93f7f"
-  #  manually verified checksum:
-  #
-  #    $ gpg --verify ~/Downloads/libxslt-1.1.34.tar.gz.asc ports/archives/libxslt-1.1.34.tar.gz
-  #    gpg: Signature made Wed 30 Oct 2019 04:02:48 PM EDT
-  #    gpg:                using RSA key DB46681BB91ADCEA170FA2D415588B26596BEA5D
-  #    gpg: Good signature from "Daniel Veillard (Red Hat work email) <veillard@redhat.com>" [unknown]
-  #    gpg:                 aka "Daniel Veillard <Daniel.Veillard@w3.org>" [unknown]
-  #    gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
-  #    gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
-  #    Primary key fingerprint: C744 15BA 7C9C 7F78 F02E  1DC3 4606 B8A5 DE95 BC1F
-  #         Subkey fingerprint: DB46 681B B91A DCEA 170F  A2D4 1558 8B26 596B EA5D
-  #
-  #  using this pgp signature:
-  #
-  #    -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
-  #    
-  #    iQEzBAABCAAdFiEE20ZoG7ka3OoXD6LUFViLJllr6l0FAl257GgACgkQFViLJllr
-  #    6l2vVggAjJEHmASiS56SxhPOsGqbfBihM66gQFoIymQfMu2430N1GSTkLsfbkJO8
-  #    8yBX11NjzK/m9uxwshMW3rVCU7EpL3PUimN3reXdPiQj9hAOAWF1V3BZNevbQC2E
-  #    FCIraioukaidf8sjUG4/sGpK/gOcP/3hYoN0HUoBigCNJjDqhijxM3M3GJJtCASp
-  #    jL4CQbs2OmxW8ixOZbuWEESvFFHUgYRsdZjRVN+GRfSOvJjxypurmYwQ3RjO7JxL
-  #    2FY8qKQ+xpeID8NV8F5OUEvWBjk1QS133VTqBZNlONdnEtV/og6jNu5k0O/Kvhup
-  #    caR+8TMErOcLr9OgDklO6DoYyAsf9Q==
-  #    =g4i4
-  #    -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
-  #
+  version: "1.1.37"
+  sha256: "3a4b27dc8027ccd6146725950336f1ec520928f320f144eb5fa7990ae6123ab4"
+  # sha-256 hash provided in https://download.gnome.org/sources/libxslt/1.1/libxslt-1.1.37.sha256sum
 
 zlib:
-  version: "1.2.11"
-  sha256: "c3e5e9fdd5004dcb542feda5ee4f0ff0744628baf8ed2dd5d66f8ca1197cb1a1"
+  version: "1.2.13"
+  sha256: "b3a24de97a8fdbc835b9833169501030b8977031bcb54b3b3ac13740f846ab30"
   # SHA-256 hash provided on http://zlib.net/
 
 libiconv:
-  version: "1.15"
-  sha256: "ccf536620a45458d26ba83887a983b96827001e92a13847b45e4925cc8913178"
-  # gpg: Signature made Fri Feb  3 00:38:12 2017 CET
+  version: "1.16"
+  sha256: "e6a1b1b589654277ee790cce3734f07876ac4ccfaecbee8afa0b649cf529cc04"
+  # gpg: Signature made Fri 26 Apr 2019 03:36:38 PM EDT
   # gpg:                using RSA key 4F494A942E4616C2
-  # gpg: Good signature from "Bruno Haible (Open Source Development) <bruno@clisp.org>" [unknown]
-  # gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
-  # gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
+  # gpg: Good signature from "Bruno Haible (Open Source Development) <bruno@clisp.org>" [expired]
+  # gpg: Note: This key has expired!
   # Primary key fingerprint: 68D9 4D8A AEEA D48A E7DC  5B90 4F49 4A94 2E46 16C2
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/HtmlDocument.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/Html4Document.java
similarity index 83%
rename from ext/java/nokogiri/HtmlDocument.java
rename to ext/java/nokogiri/Html4Document.java
index 7b95984793..bf1c660545 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/HtmlDocument.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/Html4Document.java
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@
 import static nokogiri.internals.NokogiriHelpers.getNokogiriClass;
 
 /**
- * Class for Nokogiri::HTML::Document.
+ * Class for Nokogiri::HTML4::Document.
  *
  * @author sergio
  * @author Yoko Harada <yokolet@gmail.com>
  */
-@JRubyClass(name = "Nokogiri::HTML::Document", parent = "Nokogiri::XML::Document")
-public class HtmlDocument extends XmlDocument
+@JRubyClass(name = "Nokogiri::HTML4::Document", parent = "Nokogiri::XML::Document")
+public class Html4Document extends XmlDocument
 {
   private static final String DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE = "html";
   private static final String DEFAULT_PUBLIC_ID = "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN";
@@ -33,19 +33,19 @@ public class HtmlDocument extends XmlDocument
   private String parsed_encoding = null;
 
   public
-  HtmlDocument(Ruby ruby, RubyClass klazz)
+  Html4Document(Ruby ruby, RubyClass klazz)
   {
     super(ruby, klazz);
   }
 
   public
-  HtmlDocument(Ruby runtime, Document document)
+  Html4Document(Ruby runtime, Document document)
   {
     this(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::XML::Document"), document);
   }
 
   public
-  HtmlDocument(Ruby ruby, RubyClass klazz, Document doc)
+  Html4Document(Ruby ruby, RubyClass klazz, Document doc)
   {
     super(ruby, klazz, doc);
   }
@@ -55,10 +55,10 @@ public class HtmlDocument extends XmlDocument
   rbNew(ThreadContext context, IRubyObject klazz, IRubyObject[] args)
   {
     final Ruby runtime = context.runtime;
-    HtmlDocument htmlDocument;
+    Html4Document htmlDocument;
     try {
       Document docNode = createNewDocument(runtime);
-      htmlDocument = (HtmlDocument) NokogiriService.HTML_DOCUMENT_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, (RubyClass) klazz);
+      htmlDocument = (Html4Document) NokogiriService.HTML_DOCUMENT_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, (RubyClass) klazz);
       htmlDocument.setDocumentNode(context.runtime, docNode);
     } catch (Exception ex) {
       throw asRuntimeError(runtime, "couldn't create document: ", ex);
@@ -135,13 +135,6 @@ public class HtmlDocument extends XmlDocument
     return parsed_encoding;
   }
 
-  /*
-   * call-seq:
-   *  read_io(io, url, encoding, options)
-   *
-   * Read the HTML document from +io+ with given +url+, +encoding+,
-   * and +options+.  See Nokogiri::HTML.parse
-   */
   @JRubyMethod(meta = true, required = 4)
   public static IRubyObject
   read_io(ThreadContext context, IRubyObject klass, IRubyObject[] args)
@@ -151,13 +144,6 @@ public class HtmlDocument extends XmlDocument
     return ctx.parse(context, (RubyClass) klass, args[1]);
   }
 
-  /*
-   * call-seq:
-   *  read_memory(string, url, encoding, options)
-   *
-   * Read the HTML document contained in +string+ with given +url+, +encoding+,
-   * and +options+.  See Nokogiri::HTML.parse
-   */
   @JRubyMethod(meta = true, required = 4)
   public static IRubyObject
   read_memory(ThreadContext context, IRubyObject klass, IRubyObject[] args)
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/HtmlElementDescription.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/Html4ElementDescription.java
similarity index 90%
rename from ext/java/nokogiri/HtmlElementDescription.java
rename to ext/java/nokogiri/Html4ElementDescription.java
index b96b7ab6e1..88da6237ab 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/HtmlElementDescription.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/Html4ElementDescription.java
@@ -16,12 +16,12 @@
 import org.jruby.runtime.builtin.IRubyObject;
 
 /**
- * Class for Nokogiri::HTML::ElementDescription.
+ * Class for Nokogiri::HTML4::ElementDescription.
  *
  * @author Patrick Mahoney <pat@polycrystal.org>
  */
-@JRubyClass(name = "Nokogiri::HTML::ElementDescription")
-public class HtmlElementDescription extends RubyObject
+@JRubyClass(name = "Nokogiri::HTML4::ElementDescription")
+public class Html4ElementDescription extends RubyObject
 {
 
   /**
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ public class HtmlElementDescription extends RubyObject
   protected HTMLElements.Element element;
 
   public
-  HtmlElementDescription(Ruby runtime, RubyClass rubyClass)
+  Html4ElementDescription(Ruby runtime, RubyClass rubyClass)
   {
     super(runtime, rubyClass);
   }
@@ -89,8 +89,8 @@ public class HtmlElementDescription extends RubyObject
       return context.nil;
     }
 
-    HtmlElementDescription desc =
-      new HtmlElementDescription(context.getRuntime(), (RubyClass)klazz);
+    Html4ElementDescription desc =
+      new Html4ElementDescription(context.getRuntime(), (RubyClass)klazz);
     desc.element = elem;
     return desc;
   }
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/HtmlEntityLookup.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/Html4EntityLookup.java
similarity index 79%
rename from ext/java/nokogiri/HtmlEntityLookup.java
rename to ext/java/nokogiri/Html4EntityLookup.java
index 2388cbf369..e33f5b2273 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/HtmlEntityLookup.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/Html4EntityLookup.java
@@ -12,16 +12,16 @@
 import org.jruby.runtime.builtin.IRubyObject;
 
 /**
- * Class for Nokogiri::HTML::EntityLookup.
+ * Class for Nokogiri::HTML4::EntityLookup.
  *
  * @author Patrick Mahoney <pat@polycrystal.org>
  */
-@JRubyClass(name = "Nokogiri::HTML::EntityLookup")
-public class HtmlEntityLookup extends RubyObject
+@JRubyClass(name = "Nokogiri::HTML4::EntityLookup")
+public class Html4EntityLookup extends RubyObject
 {
 
   public
-  HtmlEntityLookup(Ruby runtime, RubyClass rubyClass)
+  Html4EntityLookup(Ruby runtime, RubyClass rubyClass)
   {
     super(runtime, rubyClass);
   }
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public class HtmlEntityLookup extends RubyObject
     if (val == -1) { return ruby.getNil(); }
 
     IRubyObject edClass =
-      ruby.getClassFromPath("Nokogiri::HTML::EntityDescription");
+      ruby.getClassFromPath("Nokogiri::HTML4::EntityDescription");
     IRubyObject edObj = invoke(context, edClass, "new",
                                ruby.newFixnum(val), ruby.newString(name),
                                ruby.newString(name + " entity"));
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/HtmlSaxParserContext.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/Html4SaxParserContext.java
similarity index 84%
rename from ext/java/nokogiri/HtmlSaxParserContext.java
rename to ext/java/nokogiri/Html4SaxParserContext.java
index 96896bdfe9..91f5b0a58e 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/HtmlSaxParserContext.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/Html4SaxParserContext.java
@@ -24,27 +24,27 @@
 import static nokogiri.internals.NokogiriHelpers.rubyStringToString;
 
 /**
- * Class for Nokogiri::HTML::SAX::ParserContext.
+ * Class for Nokogiri::HTML4::SAX::ParserContext.
  *
  * @author serabe
  * @author Patrick Mahoney <pat@polycrystal.org>
  * @author Yoko Harada <yokolet@gmail.com>
  */
 
-@JRubyClass(name = "Nokogiri::HTML::SAX::ParserContext", parent = "Nokogiri::XML::SAX::ParserContext")
-public class HtmlSaxParserContext extends XmlSaxParserContext
+@JRubyClass(name = "Nokogiri::HTML4::SAX::ParserContext", parent = "Nokogiri::XML::SAX::ParserContext")
+public class Html4SaxParserContext extends XmlSaxParserContext
 {
 
-  static HtmlSaxParserContext
+  static Html4SaxParserContext
   newInstance(final Ruby runtime, final RubyClass klazz)
   {
-    HtmlSaxParserContext instance = new HtmlSaxParserContext(runtime, klazz);
+    Html4SaxParserContext instance = new Html4SaxParserContext(runtime, klazz);
     instance.initialize(runtime);
     return instance;
   }
 
   public
-  HtmlSaxParserContext(Ruby ruby, RubyClass rubyClass)
+  Html4SaxParserContext(Ruby ruby, RubyClass rubyClass)
   {
     super(ruby, rubyClass);
   }
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ public class HtmlSaxParserContext extends XmlSaxParserContext
       return parser;
     } catch (SAXException ex) {
       throw new SAXException(
-        "Problem while creating HTML SAX Parser: " + ex.toString());
+        "Problem while creating HTML4 SAX Parser: " + ex.toString());
     }
   }
 
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ public class HtmlSaxParserContext extends XmlSaxParserContext
                IRubyObject data,
                IRubyObject encoding)
   {
-    HtmlSaxParserContext ctx = HtmlSaxParserContext.newInstance(context.runtime, (RubyClass) klazz);
+    Html4SaxParserContext ctx = Html4SaxParserContext.newInstance(context.runtime, (RubyClass) klazz);
     String javaEncoding = findEncodingName(context, encoding);
     if (javaEncoding != null) {
       CharSequence input = applyEncoding(rubyStringToString(data.convertToString()), javaEncoding);
@@ -231,7 +231,14 @@ static EncodingType get(final int ordinal)
              IRubyObject data,
              IRubyObject encoding)
   {
-    HtmlSaxParserContext ctx = HtmlSaxParserContext.newInstance(context.runtime, (RubyClass) klass);
+    if (!(data instanceof RubyString)) {
+      throw context.getRuntime().newTypeError("data must be kind_of String");
+    }
+    if (!(encoding instanceof RubyString)) {
+      throw context.getRuntime().newTypeError("data must be kind_of String");
+    }
+
+    Html4SaxParserContext ctx = Html4SaxParserContext.newInstance(context.runtime, (RubyClass) klass);
     ctx.setInputSourceFile(context, data);
     String javaEncoding = findEncodingName(context, encoding);
     if (javaEncoding != null) {
@@ -247,7 +254,11 @@ static EncodingType get(final int ordinal)
            IRubyObject data,
            IRubyObject encoding)
   {
-    HtmlSaxParserContext ctx = HtmlSaxParserContext.newInstance(context.runtime, (RubyClass) klass);
+    if (!(encoding instanceof RubyFixnum)) {
+      throw context.getRuntime().newTypeError("encoding must be kind_of String");
+    }
+
+    Html4SaxParserContext ctx = Html4SaxParserContext.newInstance(context.runtime, (RubyClass) klass);
     ctx.setIOInputSource(context, data, context.nil);
     String javaEncoding = findEncodingName(context, encoding);
     if (javaEncoding != null) {
@@ -258,12 +269,12 @@ static EncodingType get(final int ordinal)
 
   /**
    * Create a new parser context that will read from a raw input stream.
-   * Meant to be run in a separate thread by HtmlSaxPushParser.
+   * Meant to be run in a separate thread by Html4SaxPushParser.
    */
-  static HtmlSaxParserContext
+  static Html4SaxParserContext
   parse_stream(final Ruby runtime, RubyClass klass, InputStream stream)
   {
-    HtmlSaxParserContext ctx = HtmlSaxParserContext.newInstance(runtime, klass);
+    Html4SaxParserContext ctx = Html4SaxParserContext.newInstance(runtime, klass);
     ctx.setInputSource(stream);
     return ctx;
   }
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/HtmlSaxPushParser.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/Html4SaxPushParser.java
similarity index 80%
rename from ext/java/nokogiri/HtmlSaxPushParser.java
rename to ext/java/nokogiri/Html4SaxPushParser.java
index b056d1dbfe..8ff7088b6c 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/HtmlSaxPushParser.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/Html4SaxPushParser.java
@@ -1,39 +1,34 @@
 package nokogiri;
 
-import static nokogiri.XmlSaxPushParser.terminateExecution;
-import static nokogiri.internals.NokogiriHelpers.getNokogiriClass;
-import static org.jruby.runtime.Helpers.invoke;
-
-import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
-import java.io.InputStream;
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
-import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
-import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
-import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
-import java.util.concurrent.Future;
-import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask;
-import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;
-
-import nokogiri.internals.*;
-
+import nokogiri.internals.ClosedStreamException;
+import nokogiri.internals.NokogiriBlockingQueueInputStream;
+import nokogiri.internals.NokogiriHelpers;
+import nokogiri.internals.ParserContext;
 import org.jruby.Ruby;
 import org.jruby.RubyClass;
 import org.jruby.RubyObject;
 import org.jruby.anno.JRubyClass;
 import org.jruby.anno.JRubyMethod;
-import org.jruby.exceptions.RaiseException;
 import org.jruby.runtime.ThreadContext;
 import org.jruby.runtime.builtin.IRubyObject;
 
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.util.concurrent.*;
+
+import static nokogiri.XmlSaxPushParser.terminateExecution;
+import static nokogiri.internals.NokogiriHelpers.getNokogiriClass;
+import static org.jruby.runtime.Helpers.invoke;
+
 /**
- * Class for Nokogiri::HTML::SAX::PushParser
+ * Class for Nokogiri::HTML4::SAX::PushParser
  *
  * @author
  * @author Piotr Szmielew <p.szmielew@ava.waw.pl> - based on Nokogiri::XML::SAX::PushParser
  */
-@JRubyClass(name = "Nokogiri::HTML::SAX::PushParser")
-public class HtmlSaxPushParser extends RubyObject
+@JRubyClass(name = "Nokogiri::HTML4::SAX::PushParser")
+public class Html4SaxPushParser extends RubyObject
 {
   ParserContext.Options options;
   IRubyObject saxParser;
@@ -41,11 +36,11 @@ public class HtmlSaxPushParser extends RubyObject
   NokogiriBlockingQueueInputStream stream;
 
   private ParserTask parserTask = null;
-  private FutureTask<HtmlSaxParserContext> futureTask = null;
+  private FutureTask<Html4SaxParserContext> futureTask = null;
   private ExecutorService executor = null;
 
   public
-  HtmlSaxPushParser(Ruby ruby, RubyClass rubyClass)
+  Html4SaxPushParser(Ruby ruby, RubyClass rubyClass)
   {
     super(ruby, rubyClass);
   }
@@ -111,7 +106,7 @@ public class HtmlSaxPushParser extends RubyObject
     final ByteArrayInputStream data = NokogiriHelpers.stringBytesToStream(chunk);
     if (data == null) {
       terminateTask(context.runtime);
-      throw XmlSyntaxError.createHTMLSyntaxError(context.runtime).toThrowable(); // Nokogiri::HTML::SyntaxError
+      throw XmlSyntaxError.createHTMLSyntaxError(context.runtime).toThrowable(); // Nokogiri::HTML4::SyntaxError
     }
 
     int errorCount0 = parserTask.getErrorCount();
@@ -134,7 +129,7 @@ public class HtmlSaxPushParser extends RubyObject
 
     if (!options.recover && parserTask.getErrorCount() > errorCount0) {
       terminateTask(context.runtime);
-      throw parserTask.getLastError();
+      throw parserTask.getLastError().toThrowable();
     }
 
     return this;
@@ -149,12 +144,12 @@ public class HtmlSaxPushParser extends RubyObject
 
       assert saxParser != null : "saxParser null";
       parserTask = new ParserTask(context, saxParser, stream);
-      futureTask = new FutureTask<HtmlSaxParserContext>((Callable) parserTask);
+      futureTask = new FutureTask<Html4SaxParserContext>((Callable) parserTask);
       executor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(new ThreadFactory() {
         @Override
         public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
           Thread t = new Thread(r);
-          t.setName("HtmlSaxPushParser");
+          t.setName("Html4SaxPushParser");
           t.setDaemon(true);
           return t;
         }
@@ -187,14 +182,14 @@ public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
     futureTask = null;
   }
 
-  private static HtmlSaxParserContext
+  private static Html4SaxParserContext
   parse(final Ruby runtime, final InputStream stream)
   {
-    RubyClass klazz = getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::HTML::SAX::ParserContext");
-    return HtmlSaxParserContext.parse_stream(runtime, klazz, stream);
+    RubyClass klazz = getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::HTML4::SAX::ParserContext");
+    return Html4SaxParserContext.parse_stream(runtime, klazz, stream);
   }
 
-  static class ParserTask extends XmlSaxPushParser.ParserTask /* <HtmlSaxPushParser> */
+  static class ParserTask extends XmlSaxPushParser.ParserTask /* <Html4SaxPushParser> */
   {
 
     private
@@ -204,10 +199,10 @@ static class ParserTask extends XmlSaxPushParser.ParserTask /* <HtmlSaxPushParse
     }
 
     @Override
-    public HtmlSaxParserContext
+    public Html4SaxParserContext
     call() throws Exception
     {
-      return (HtmlSaxParserContext) super.call();
+      return (Html4SaxParserContext) super.call();
     }
 
   }
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/NokogiriService.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/NokogiriService.java
index b4de28b02f..141a8dc48d 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/NokogiriService.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/NokogiriService.java
@@ -40,9 +40,9 @@ public class NokogiriService implements BasicLibraryService
   {
     Map<String, RubyClass> nokogiriClassCache = new HashMap<String, RubyClass>();
     nokogiriClassCache.put("Nokogiri::EncodingHandler", (RubyClass)ruby.getClassFromPath("Nokogiri::EncodingHandler"));
-    nokogiriClassCache.put("Nokogiri::HTML::Document", (RubyClass)ruby.getClassFromPath("Nokogiri::HTML::Document"));
-    nokogiriClassCache.put("Nokogiri::HTML::ElementDescription",
-                           (RubyClass)ruby.getClassFromPath("Nokogiri::HTML::ElementDescription"));
+    nokogiriClassCache.put("Nokogiri::HTML4::Document", (RubyClass)ruby.getClassFromPath("Nokogiri::HTML4::Document"));
+    nokogiriClassCache.put("Nokogiri::HTML4::ElementDescription",
+                           (RubyClass)ruby.getClassFromPath("Nokogiri::HTML4::ElementDescription"));
     nokogiriClassCache.put("Nokogiri::XML::Attr", (RubyClass)ruby.getClassFromPath("Nokogiri::XML::Attr"));
     nokogiriClassCache.put("Nokogiri::XML::Document", (RubyClass)ruby.getClassFromPath("Nokogiri::XML::Document"));
     nokogiriClassCache.put("Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment",
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ public class NokogiriService implements BasicLibraryService
     RubyModule nokogiri = ruby.defineModule("Nokogiri");
     RubyModule xmlModule = nokogiri.defineModuleUnder("XML");
     RubyModule xmlSaxModule = xmlModule.defineModuleUnder("SAX");
-    RubyModule htmlModule = nokogiri.defineModuleUnder("HTML");
+    RubyModule htmlModule = nokogiri.defineModuleUnder("HTML4");
     RubyModule htmlSaxModule = htmlModule.defineModuleUnder("SAX");
     RubyModule xsltModule = nokogiri.defineModuleUnder("XSLT");
 
@@ -201,11 +201,11 @@ public class NokogiriService implements BasicLibraryService
   {
     RubyClass htmlElemDesc = htmlModule.defineClassUnder("ElementDescription", ruby.getObject(),
                              HTML_ELEMENT_DESCRIPTION_ALLOCATOR);
-    htmlElemDesc.defineAnnotatedMethods(HtmlElementDescription.class);
+    htmlElemDesc.defineAnnotatedMethods(Html4ElementDescription.class);
 
     RubyClass htmlEntityLookup = htmlModule.defineClassUnder("EntityLookup", ruby.getObject(),
                                  HTML_ENTITY_LOOKUP_ALLOCATOR);
-    htmlEntityLookup.defineAnnotatedMethods(HtmlEntityLookup.class);
+    htmlEntityLookup.defineAnnotatedMethods(Html4EntityLookup.class);
   }
 
   private void
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ public class NokogiriService implements BasicLibraryService
 
     //RubyModule htmlDoc = html.defineOrGetClassUnder("Document", document);
     RubyModule htmlDocument = htmlModule.defineClassUnder("Document", xmlDocument, HTML_DOCUMENT_ALLOCATOR);
-    htmlDocument.defineAnnotatedMethods(HtmlDocument.class);
+    htmlDocument.defineAnnotatedMethods(Html4Document.class);
   }
 
   private void
@@ -231,11 +231,11 @@ public class NokogiriService implements BasicLibraryService
 
     RubyClass htmlSaxPushParser = htmlSaxModule.defineClassUnder("PushParser", ruby.getObject(),
                                   HTML_SAXPUSHPARSER_ALLOCATOR);
-    htmlSaxPushParser.defineAnnotatedMethods(HtmlSaxPushParser.class);
+    htmlSaxPushParser.defineAnnotatedMethods(Html4SaxPushParser.class);
 
     RubyClass htmlSaxParserContext = htmlSaxModule.defineClassUnder("ParserContext", xmlSaxParserContext,
                                      HTML_SAXPARSER_CONTEXT_ALLOCATOR);
-    htmlSaxParserContext.defineAnnotatedMethods(HtmlSaxParserContext.class);
+    htmlSaxParserContext.defineAnnotatedMethods(Html4SaxParserContext.class);
   }
 
   private void
@@ -255,30 +255,30 @@ public IRubyObject allocate(Ruby runtime, RubyClass klazz) {
 
   public static final ObjectAllocator HTML_DOCUMENT_ALLOCATOR = new ObjectAllocator()
   {
-    private HtmlDocument htmlDocument = null;
+    private Html4Document htmlDocument = null;
     public IRubyObject allocate(Ruby runtime, RubyClass klazz) {
-      if (htmlDocument == null) { htmlDocument = new HtmlDocument(runtime, klazz); }
+      if (htmlDocument == null) { htmlDocument = new Html4Document(runtime, klazz); }
       try {
-        HtmlDocument clone = (HtmlDocument) htmlDocument.clone();
+        Html4Document clone = (Html4Document) htmlDocument.clone();
         clone.setMetaClass(klazz);
         return clone;
       } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
-        return new HtmlDocument(runtime, klazz);
+        return new Html4Document(runtime, klazz);
       }
     }
   };
 
   private static final ObjectAllocator HTML_SAXPARSER_CONTEXT_ALLOCATOR = new ObjectAllocator()
   {
-    private HtmlSaxParserContext htmlSaxParserContext = null;
+    private Html4SaxParserContext htmlSaxParserContext = null;
     public IRubyObject allocate(Ruby runtime, RubyClass klazz) {
-      if (htmlSaxParserContext == null) { htmlSaxParserContext = new HtmlSaxParserContext(runtime, klazz); }
+      if (htmlSaxParserContext == null) { htmlSaxParserContext = new Html4SaxParserContext(runtime, klazz); }
       try {
-        HtmlSaxParserContext clone = (HtmlSaxParserContext) htmlSaxParserContext.clone();
+        Html4SaxParserContext clone = (Html4SaxParserContext) htmlSaxParserContext.clone();
         clone.setMetaClass(klazz);
         return clone;
       } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
-        return new HtmlSaxParserContext(runtime, klazz);
+        return new Html4SaxParserContext(runtime, klazz);
       }
     }
   };
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ public IRubyObject allocate(Ruby runtime, RubyClass klazz) {
     new ObjectAllocator()
   {
     public IRubyObject allocate(Ruby runtime, RubyClass klazz) {
-      return new HtmlElementDescription(runtime, klazz);
+      return new Html4ElementDescription(runtime, klazz);
     }
   };
 
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ public IRubyObject allocate(Ruby runtime, RubyClass klazz) {
     new ObjectAllocator()
   {
     public IRubyObject allocate(Ruby runtime, RubyClass klazz) {
-      return new HtmlEntityLookup(runtime, klazz);
+      return new Html4EntityLookup(runtime, klazz);
     }
   };
 
@@ -571,7 +571,7 @@ public IRubyObject allocate(Ruby runtime, RubyClass klazz) {
   private static final ObjectAllocator HTML_SAXPUSHPARSER_ALLOCATOR = new ObjectAllocator()
   {
     public IRubyObject allocate(Ruby runtime, RubyClass klazz) {
-      return new HtmlSaxPushParser(runtime, klazz);
+      return new Html4SaxPushParser(runtime, klazz);
     }
   };
 
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlAttr.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlAttr.java
index 6335faa89f..6c0e96636e 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlAttr.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlAttr.java
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ public class XmlAttr extends XmlNode
     String attrName = ((Attr) node).getName();
     if (attrName == null) { return context.nil; }
 
-    if (node.getNamespaceURI() != null && !(document(context.runtime) instanceof HtmlDocument)) {
+    if (node.getNamespaceURI() != null && !(document(context.runtime) instanceof Html4Document)) {
       attrName = NokogiriHelpers.getLocalPart(attrName);
       if (attrName == null) { return context.nil; }
     }
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ public class XmlAttr extends XmlNode
   isHtml(ThreadContext context)
   {
     return document(context).getMetaClass().isKindOfModule(getNokogiriClass(context.getRuntime(),
-           "Nokogiri::HTML::Document"));
+           "Nokogiri::HTML4::Document"));
   }
 
   @Override
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlDocument.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlDocument.java
index 139659bad2..6a3ebeef3a 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlDocument.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlDocument.java
@@ -280,8 +280,8 @@ private static class DocumentBuilderFactoryHolder
     XmlDocument xmlDocument;
     try {
       Document docNode = createNewDocument(runtime);
-      if ("Nokogiri::HTML::Document".equals(((RubyClass)klazz).getName())) {
-        xmlDocument = new HtmlDocument(context.runtime, (RubyClass) klazz, docNode);
+      if ("Nokogiri::HTML4::Document".equals(((RubyClass)klazz).getName())) {
+        xmlDocument = new Html4Document(context.runtime, (RubyClass) klazz, docNode);
       } else {
         xmlDocument = new XmlDocument(context.runtime, (RubyClass) klazz, docNode);
       }
@@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ private static class DocumentBuilderFactoryHolder
       return new_root;
     }
     if (!(new_root instanceof XmlNode)) {
-        throw context.runtime.newArgumentError("expected Nokogiri::XML::Node but received " + new_root.getType());
+      throw context.runtime.newArgumentError("expected Nokogiri::XML::Node but received " + new_root.getType());
     }
     XmlNode newRoot = asXmlNode(context, new_root);
 
@@ -657,17 +657,17 @@ private static class DocumentBuilderFactoryHolder
     }
     String algorithmURI = null;
     switch (mode) {
-    case 0:  // XML_C14N_1_0
-      if (with_comments) { algorithmURI = Canonicalizer.ALGO_ID_C14N_WITH_COMMENTS; }
-      else { algorithmURI = Canonicalizer.ALGO_ID_C14N_OMIT_COMMENTS; }
-      break;
-    case 1:  // XML_C14N_EXCLUSIVE_1_0
-      if (with_comments) { algorithmURI = Canonicalizer.ALGO_ID_C14N_EXCL_WITH_COMMENTS; }
-      else { algorithmURI = Canonicalizer.ALGO_ID_C14N_EXCL_OMIT_COMMENTS; }
-      break;
-    case 2: // XML_C14N_1_1 = 2
-      if (with_comments) { algorithmURI = Canonicalizer.ALGO_ID_C14N11_WITH_COMMENTS; }
-      else { algorithmURI = Canonicalizer.ALGO_ID_C14N11_OMIT_COMMENTS; }
+      case 0:  // XML_C14N_1_0
+        if (with_comments) { algorithmURI = Canonicalizer.ALGO_ID_C14N_WITH_COMMENTS; }
+        else { algorithmURI = Canonicalizer.ALGO_ID_C14N_OMIT_COMMENTS; }
+        break;
+      case 1:  // XML_C14N_EXCLUSIVE_1_0
+        if (with_comments) { algorithmURI = Canonicalizer.ALGO_ID_C14N_EXCL_WITH_COMMENTS; }
+        else { algorithmURI = Canonicalizer.ALGO_ID_C14N_EXCL_OMIT_COMMENTS; }
+        break;
+      case 2: // XML_C14N_1_1 = 2
+        if (with_comments) { algorithmURI = Canonicalizer.ALGO_ID_C14N11_WITH_COMMENTS; }
+        else { algorithmURI = Canonicalizer.ALGO_ID_C14N11_OMIT_COMMENTS; }
     }
     try {
       Canonicalizer canonicalizer = Canonicalizer.getInstance(algorithmURI);
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlDocumentFragment.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlDocumentFragment.java
index 17c1be9081..4281df113e 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlDocumentFragment.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlDocumentFragment.java
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 import org.jruby.RubyString;
 import org.jruby.anno.JRubyClass;
 import org.jruby.anno.JRubyMethod;
+import org.jruby.runtime.Block;
 import org.jruby.runtime.Helpers;
 import org.jruby.runtime.ThreadContext;
 import org.jruby.runtime.builtin.IRubyObject;
@@ -34,8 +35,6 @@
 public class XmlDocumentFragment extends XmlNode
 {
 
-  private XmlElement fragmentContext;
-
   public
   XmlDocumentFragment(Ruby ruby)
   {
@@ -48,9 +47,9 @@ public class XmlDocumentFragment extends XmlNode
     super(ruby, klazz);
   }
 
-  @JRubyMethod(name = "new", meta = true, required = 1, optional = 2)
+  @JRubyMethod(name = "new", meta = true, required = 1, optional = 3)
   public static IRubyObject
-  rbNew(ThreadContext context, IRubyObject cls, IRubyObject[] args)
+  rbNew(ThreadContext context, IRubyObject cls, IRubyObject[] args, Block block)
   {
     if (args.length < 1) {
       throw context.runtime.newArgumentError(args.length, 1);
@@ -75,11 +74,7 @@ public class XmlDocumentFragment extends XmlNode
     fragment.setDocument(context, doc);
     fragment.setNode(context.runtime, doc.getDocument().createDocumentFragment());
 
-    //TODO: Get namespace definitions from doc.
-    if (args.length == 3 && args[2] != null && args[2] instanceof XmlElement) {
-      fragment.fragmentContext = (XmlElement)args[2];
-    }
-    Helpers.invoke(context, fragment, "initialize", args);
+    Helpers.invoke(context, fragment, "initialize", args, block);
     return fragment;
   }
 
@@ -158,12 +153,6 @@ public class XmlDocumentFragment extends XmlNode
     return null;
   }
 
-  public XmlElement
-  getFragmentContext()
-  {
-    return fragmentContext;
-  }
-
   @Override
   public void
   relink_namespace(ThreadContext context)
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlElementContent.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlElementContent.java
index 10b35c3e9d..0ff13e2da1 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlElementContent.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlElementContent.java
@@ -142,11 +142,11 @@ public IRubyObject value(Ruby runtime)
     right = runtime.getNil();
 
     switch (type) {
-    case SEQ:
-    case OR:
-      applyGroup(runtime, klass, doc, iter);
-    default:
-      // noop
+      case SEQ:
+      case OR:
+        applyGroup(runtime, klass, doc, iter);
+      default:
+        // noop
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlNamespace.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlNamespace.java
index 557d6ddd15..25c6adb050 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlNamespace.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlNamespace.java
@@ -80,14 +80,6 @@ public class XmlNamespace extends RubyObject
     return href;
   }
 
-  void
-  deleteHref()
-  {
-    href = "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace";
-    hrefRuby = null;
-    attr.getOwnerElement().removeAttributeNode(attr);
-  }
-
   public static XmlNamespace
   createFromAttr(Ruby runtime, Attr attr)
   {
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlNode.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlNode.java
index 25f072c9f7..ee8d970a9f 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlNode.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlNode.java
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 import org.apache.xerces.dom.CoreDocumentImpl;
 import org.jruby.Ruby;
 import org.jruby.RubyArray;
+import org.jruby.RubyBoolean;
 import org.jruby.RubyClass;
 import org.jruby.RubyFixnum;
 import org.jruby.RubyInteger;
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@
 import org.w3c.dom.Node;
 import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
 import org.w3c.dom.Text;
+import org.w3c.dom.Comment;
 
 import nokogiri.internals.HtmlDomParserContext;
 import nokogiri.internals.NokogiriHelpers;
@@ -303,6 +305,14 @@ public class XmlNode extends RubyObject
     IRubyObject name = args[0];
     IRubyObject doc = args[1];
 
+    if (!(doc instanceof XmlNode)) {
+      throw context.runtime.newArgumentError("document must be a Nokogiri::XML::Node");
+    }
+    if (!(doc instanceof XmlDocument)) {
+      // TODO: deprecate allowing Node
+      context.runtime.getWarnings().warn("Passing a Node as the second parameter to Node.new is deprecated. Please pass a Document instead, or prefer an alternative constructor like Node#add_child. This will become an error in a future release of Nokogiri.");
+    }
+
     Document document = asXmlNode(context, doc).getOwnerDocument();
     if (document == null) {
       throw context.runtime.newArgumentError("node must have owner document");
@@ -421,7 +431,14 @@ public class XmlNode extends RubyObject
     String nsURI = e.lookupNamespaceURI(prefix);
     this.node = NokogiriHelpers.renameNode(e, nsURI, e.getNodeName());
 
-    if (nsURI == null || nsURI.isEmpty()) { return; }
+    if (nsURI == null || nsURI.isEmpty()) {
+      RubyBoolean ns_inherit =
+        (RubyBoolean)document(context.runtime).getInstanceVariable("@namespace_inheritance");
+      if (ns_inherit.isTrue()) {
+        set_namespace(context, ((XmlNode)parent(context)).namespace(context));
+      }
+      return;
+    }
 
     String currentPrefix = e.getParentNode().lookupPrefix(nsURI);
     String currentURI = e.getParentNode().lookupNamespaceURI(prefix);
@@ -645,7 +662,7 @@ public class XmlNode extends RubyObject
 
     final XmlDocument doc = document(context.runtime);
     for (int i = 0; i < nodeMap.getLength(); i++) {
-      if ((doc instanceof HtmlDocument) || !NokogiriHelpers.isNamespace(nodeMap.item(i))) {
+      if ((doc instanceof Html4Document) || !NokogiriHelpers.isNamespace(nodeMap.item(i))) {
         attr.append(getCachedNodeOrCreate(runtime, nodeMap.item(i)));
       }
     }
@@ -811,8 +828,8 @@ public class XmlNode extends RubyObject
     XmlDocument document = document(runtime);
     if (document == null) { return context.nil; }
 
-    if (document instanceof HtmlDocument) {
-      klass = getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::HTML::Document");
+    if (document instanceof Html4Document) {
+      klass = getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::HTML4::Document");
       ctx = new HtmlDomParserContext(runtime, options);
       ((HtmlDomParserContext) ctx).enableDocumentFragment();
       ctx.setStringInputSource(context, str, context.nil);
@@ -824,7 +841,7 @@ public class XmlNode extends RubyObject
 
     // TODO: for some reason, document.getEncoding() can be null or nil (don't know why)
     // run `test_parse_with_unparented_html_text_context_node' few times to see this happen
-    if (document instanceof HtmlDocument && !(document.getEncoding() == null || document.getEncoding().isNil())) {
+    if (document instanceof Html4Document && !(document.getEncoding() == null || document.getEncoding().isNil())) {
       HtmlDomParserContext htmlCtx = (HtmlDomParserContext) ctx;
       htmlCtx.setEncoding(document.getEncoding().asJavaString());
     }
@@ -1148,7 +1165,7 @@ public class XmlNode extends RubyObject
   namespace(ThreadContext context)
   {
     final XmlDocument doc = document(context.runtime);
-    if (doc instanceof HtmlDocument) { return context.nil; }
+    if (doc instanceof Html4Document) { return context.nil; }
 
     String namespaceURI = node.getNamespaceURI();
     if (namespaceURI == null || namespaceURI.isEmpty()) {
@@ -1183,7 +1200,7 @@ public class XmlNode extends RubyObject
     // updated.
     final XmlDocument doc = document(context.runtime);
     if (doc == null) { return context.runtime.newEmptyArray(); }
-    if (doc instanceof HtmlDocument) { return context.runtime.newEmptyArray(); }
+    if (doc instanceof Html4Document) { return context.runtime.newEmptyArray(); }
 
     List<XmlNamespace> namespaces = doc.getNamespaceCache().get(node);
     return context.runtime.newArray((List) namespaces);
@@ -1199,7 +1216,7 @@ public class XmlNode extends RubyObject
   {
     final XmlDocument doc = document(context.runtime);
     if (doc == null) { return context.runtime.newEmptyArray(); }
-    if (doc instanceof HtmlDocument) { return context.runtime.newEmptyArray(); }
+    if (doc instanceof Html4Document) { return context.runtime.newEmptyArray(); }
 
     Node previousNode;
     if (node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
@@ -1335,7 +1352,7 @@ public class XmlNode extends RubyObject
   private boolean
   isHtmlDoc(ThreadContext context)
   {
-    return document(context).getMetaClass().isKindOfModule(getNokogiriClass(context.runtime, "Nokogiri::HTML::Document"));
+    return document(context).getMetaClass().isKindOfModule(getNokogiriClass(context.runtime, "Nokogiri::HTML4::Document"));
   }
 
   private boolean
@@ -1516,61 +1533,65 @@ public class XmlNode extends RubyObject
   {
     String type;
     switch (node.getNodeType()) {
-    case Node.ELEMENT_NODE:
-      if (this instanceof XmlElementDecl) {
-        type = "ELEMENT_DECL";
-      } else if (this instanceof XmlAttributeDecl) {
-        type = "ATTRIBUTE_DECL";
-      } else if (this instanceof XmlEntityDecl) {
-        type = "ENTITY_DECL";
-      } else {
-        type = "ELEMENT_NODE";
-      }
-      break;
-    case Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
-      type = "ATTRIBUTE_NODE";
-      break;
-    case Node.TEXT_NODE:
-      type = "TEXT_NODE";
-      break;
-    case Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
-      type = "CDATA_SECTION_NODE";
-      break;
-    case Node.ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE:
-      type = "ENTITY_REF_NODE";
-      break;
-    case Node.ENTITY_NODE:
-      type = "ENTITY_NODE";
-      break;
-    case Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE:
-      type = "PI_NODE";
-      break;
-    case Node.COMMENT_NODE:
-      type = "COMMENT_NODE";
-      break;
-    case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE:
-      if (this instanceof HtmlDocument) {
-        type = "HTML_DOCUMENT_NODE";
-      } else {
-        type = "DOCUMENT_NODE";
-      }
-      break;
-    case Node.DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE:
-      type = "DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE";
-      break;
-    case Node.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE:
-      type = "DOCUMENT_FRAG_NODE";
-      break;
-    case Node.NOTATION_NODE:
-      type = "NOTATION_NODE";
-      break;
-    default:
-      return context.runtime.newFixnum(0);
+      case Node.ELEMENT_NODE:
+        if (this instanceof XmlElementDecl) {
+          type = "ELEMENT_DECL";
+        } else if (this instanceof XmlAttributeDecl) {
+          type = "ATTRIBUTE_DECL";
+        } else if (this instanceof XmlEntityDecl) {
+          type = "ENTITY_DECL";
+        } else {
+          type = "ELEMENT_NODE";
+        }
+        break;
+      case Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
+        type = "ATTRIBUTE_NODE";
+        break;
+      case Node.TEXT_NODE:
+        type = "TEXT_NODE";
+        break;
+      case Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
+        type = "CDATA_SECTION_NODE";
+        break;
+      case Node.ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE:
+        type = "ENTITY_REF_NODE";
+        break;
+      case Node.ENTITY_NODE:
+        type = "ENTITY_NODE";
+        break;
+      case Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE:
+        type = "PI_NODE";
+        break;
+      case Node.COMMENT_NODE:
+        type = "COMMENT_NODE";
+        break;
+      case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE:
+        if (this instanceof Html4Document) {
+          type = "HTML_DOCUMENT_NODE";
+        } else {
+          type = "DOCUMENT_NODE";
+        }
+        break;
+      case Node.DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE:
+        type = "DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE";
+        break;
+      case Node.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE:
+        type = "DOCUMENT_FRAG_NODE";
+        break;
+      case Node.NOTATION_NODE:
+        type = "NOTATION_NODE";
+        break;
+      default:
+        return context.runtime.newFixnum(0);
     }
 
     return getNokogiriClass(context.runtime, "Nokogiri::XML::Node").getConstant(type);
   }
 
+  /*
+   * NOTE that the behavior of this function is very difference from the CRuby implementation, see
+   * the docstring in ext/nokogiri/xml_node.c for details.
+   */
   @JRubyMethod
   public IRubyObject
   line(ThreadContext context)
@@ -1578,7 +1599,10 @@ public class XmlNode extends RubyObject
     Node root = getOwnerDocument();
     int[] counter = new int[1];
     count(root, counter);
-    return RubyFixnum.newFixnum(context.runtime, counter[0] + 1);
+    // offset of 2:
+    // - one because humans start counting at 1 not zero
+    // - one to account for the XML declaration present in the output
+    return RubyFixnum.newFixnum(context.runtime, counter[0] + 2);
   }
 
   private boolean
@@ -1591,9 +1615,14 @@ public class XmlNode extends RubyObject
     NodeList list = node.getChildNodes();
     for (int jchild = 0; jchild < list.getLength(); jchild++) {
       Node child = list.item(jchild);
+      String text = null;
 
       if (child instanceof Text) {
-        String text = ((Text)child).getData();
+        text = ((Text)child).getData();
+      } else if (child instanceof Comment) {
+        text = ((Comment)child).getData();
+      }
+      if (text != null) {
         int textLength = text.length();
         for (int jchar = 0; jchar < textLength; jchar++) {
           if (text.charAt(jchar) == '\n') {
@@ -1676,23 +1705,23 @@ protected enum AdoptScheme {
       Node parent = thisNode.getParentNode();
 
       switch (scheme) {
-      case CHILD:
-        Node[] children = adoptAsChild(thisNode, otherNode);
-        if (children.length == 1 && otherNode == children[0]) {
+        case CHILD:
+          Node[] children = adoptAsChild(thisNode, otherNode);
+          if (children.length == 1 && otherNode == children[0]) {
+            break;
+          } else {
+            nodeOrTags = nodeArrayToRubyArray(context.runtime, children);
+          }
+          break;
+        case PREV_SIBLING:
+          adoptAsPrevSibling(context, parent, thisNode, otherNode);
+          break;
+        case NEXT_SIBLING:
+          adoptAsNextSibling(context, parent, thisNode, otherNode);
+          break;
+        case REPLACEMENT:
+          adoptAsReplacement(context, parent, thisNode, otherNode);
           break;
-        } else {
-          nodeOrTags = nodeArrayToRubyArray(context.runtime, children);
-        }
-        break;
-      case PREV_SIBLING:
-        adoptAsPrevSibling(context, parent, thisNode, otherNode);
-        break;
-      case NEXT_SIBLING:
-        adoptAsNextSibling(context, parent, thisNode, otherNode);
-        break;
-      case REPLACEMENT:
-        adoptAsReplacement(context, parent, thisNode, otherNode);
-        break;
       }
     } catch (Exception e) {
       throw context.runtime.newRuntimeError(e.toString());
@@ -1743,24 +1772,11 @@ protected enum AdoptScheme {
       e.appendChild(otherNode);
       otherNode = e;
     } else {
-      addNamespaceURIIfNeeded(otherNode);
       parent.appendChild(otherNode);
     }
     return new Node[] { otherNode };
   }
 
-  private void
-  addNamespaceURIIfNeeded(Node child)
-  {
-    if (this instanceof XmlDocumentFragment && ((XmlDocumentFragment) this).getFragmentContext() != null) {
-      XmlElement fragmentContext = ((XmlDocumentFragment) this).getFragmentContext();
-      String namespace_uri = fragmentContext.node.getNamespaceURI();
-      if (namespace_uri != null && namespace_uri.length() > 0) {
-        NokogiriHelpers.renameNode(child, namespace_uri, child.getNodeName());
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
   protected void
   adoptAsPrevSibling(ThreadContext context,
                      Node parent,
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlNodeSet.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlNodeSet.java
index 731a5ef8bf..d4b33b3e16 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlNodeSet.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlNodeSet.java
@@ -190,10 +190,6 @@ public class XmlNodeSet extends RubyObject implements NodeList
       result[last++] = n;
     }
 
-    if (nodeOrNamespace instanceof XmlNamespace) {
-      ((XmlNamespace) nodeOrNamespace).deleteHref();
-    }
-
     nodes = Arrays.copyOf(result, last);
 
     if (nodes.length < orig.length) {
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlReader.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlReader.java
index 122831f6e1..dff65b4a1e 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlReader.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlReader.java
@@ -141,9 +141,17 @@ public class XmlReader extends RubyObject
   public IRubyObject
   attribute_nodes(ThreadContext context)
   {
+    context.runtime.getWarnings().warn("Reader#attribute_nodes is deprecated and will be removed in a future version of Nokogiri. Please use Reader#attribute_hash instead.");
     return currentNode().getAttributesNodes();
   }
 
+  @JRubyMethod
+  public IRubyObject
+  attribute_hash(ThreadContext context)
+  {
+    return currentNode().getAttributes(context);
+  }
+
   @JRubyMethod(name = "attributes?")
   public IRubyObject
   attributes_p(ThreadContext context)
@@ -184,6 +192,18 @@ public class XmlReader extends RubyObject
     return RubyBoolean.newBoolean(context.getRuntime(), !readerNode.hasChildren);
   }
 
+  @JRubyMethod
+  public IRubyObject
+  encoding(ThreadContext context)
+  {
+    IRubyObject constructor_encoding = getInstanceVariable("@encoding");
+    if (!constructor_encoding.isNil()) {
+      return constructor_encoding;
+    }
+    // TODO: get the parser's detected encoding
+    return context.getRuntime().getNil();
+  }
+
   @JRubyMethod(meta = true, rest = true)
   public static IRubyObject
   from_io(ThreadContext context, IRubyObject cls, IRubyObject args[])
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlSaxParserContext.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlSaxParserContext.java
index 920b38e964..8cca652ca0 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlSaxParserContext.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlSaxParserContext.java
@@ -1,33 +1,23 @@
 package nokogiri;
 
-import static org.jruby.runtime.Helpers.invoke;
-
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.InputStream;
-
+import nokogiri.internals.*;
 import org.apache.xerces.parsers.AbstractSAXParser;
 import org.jruby.Ruby;
 import org.jruby.RubyClass;
 import org.jruby.RubyFixnum;
-import org.jruby.RubyModule;
-import org.jruby.RubyObjectAdapter;
 import org.jruby.anno.JRubyClass;
 import org.jruby.anno.JRubyMethod;
 import org.jruby.exceptions.RaiseException;
-import org.jruby.javasupport.JavaEmbedUtils;
+import org.jruby.runtime.Helpers;
 import org.jruby.runtime.ThreadContext;
 import org.jruby.runtime.builtin.IRubyObject;
-import org.xml.sax.ContentHandler;
-import org.xml.sax.ErrorHandler;
 import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
-import org.xml.sax.SAXNotRecognizedException;
-import org.xml.sax.SAXNotSupportedException;
 import org.xml.sax.SAXParseException;
 
-import nokogiri.internals.NokogiriHandler;
-import nokogiri.internals.NokogiriHelpers;
-import nokogiri.internals.ParserContext;
-import nokogiri.internals.XmlSaxParser;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+
+import static org.jruby.runtime.Helpers.invoke;
 
 /**
  * Base class for the SAX parsers.
@@ -51,6 +41,7 @@ public class XmlSaxParserContext extends ParserContext
   protected AbstractSAXParser parser;
 
   protected NokogiriHandler handler;
+  protected NokogiriErrorHandler errorHandler;
   private boolean replaceEntities = true;
   private boolean recovery = false;
 
@@ -139,9 +130,12 @@ public class XmlSaxParserContext extends ParserContext
   parse_io(ThreadContext context,
            IRubyObject klazz,
            IRubyObject data,
-           IRubyObject enc)
+           IRubyObject encoding)
   {
-    //int encoding = (int)enc.convertToInteger().getLongValue();
+    // check the type of the unused encoding to match behavior of CRuby
+    if (!(encoding instanceof RubyFixnum)) {
+      throw context.getRuntime().newTypeError("encoding must be kind_of String");
+    }
     final Ruby runtime = context.runtime;
     XmlSaxParserContext ctx = newInstance(runtime, (RubyClass) klazz);
     ctx.initialize(runtime);
@@ -168,31 +162,12 @@ public class XmlSaxParserContext extends ParserContext
     return (XmlSaxParserContext) NokogiriService.XML_SAXPARSER_CONTEXT_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, klazz);
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Set a property of the underlying parser.
-   */
-  protected void
-  setProperty(String key, Object val)
-  throws SAXNotRecognizedException, SAXNotSupportedException
-  {
-    parser.setProperty(key, val);
-  }
-
-  protected void
-  setContentHandler(ContentHandler handler)
-  {
-    parser.setContentHandler(handler);
-  }
-
-  protected void
-  setErrorHandler(ErrorHandler handler)
-  {
-    parser.setErrorHandler(handler);
-  }
-
   public final NokogiriHandler
   getNokogiriHandler() { return handler; }
 
+  public final NokogiriErrorHandler
+  getNokogiriErrorHandler() { return errorHandler; }
+
   /**
    * Perform any initialization prior to parsing with the handler
    * <code>handlerRuby</code>. Convenience hook for subclasses.
@@ -223,6 +198,17 @@ public class XmlSaxParserContext extends ParserContext
     parser.parse(getInputSource());
   }
 
+  protected static Options
+  defaultParseOptions(ThreadContext context)
+  {
+    return new ParserContext.Options(
+             RubyFixnum.fix2long(Helpers.invoke(context,
+                                 ((RubyClass)context.getRuntime().getClassFromPath("Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions"))
+                                 .getConstant("DEFAULT_XML"),
+                                 "to_i"))
+           );
+  }
+
   @JRubyMethod
   public IRubyObject
   parse_with(ThreadContext context, IRubyObject handlerRuby)
@@ -233,14 +219,19 @@ public class XmlSaxParserContext extends ParserContext
       throw runtime.newArgumentError("argument must respond_to document");
     }
 
-    NokogiriHandler handler = this.handler = new NokogiriHandler(runtime, handlerRuby);
-    preParse(runtime, handlerRuby, handler);
+    /* TODO: how should we pass in parse options? */
+    ParserContext.Options options = defaultParseOptions(context);
 
-    setContentHandler(handler);
-    setErrorHandler(handler);
+    errorHandler = new NokogiriStrictErrorHandler(runtime, options.noError, options.noWarning);
+    handler = new NokogiriHandler(runtime, handlerRuby, errorHandler);
+
+    preParse(runtime, handlerRuby, handler);
+    parser.setContentHandler(handler);
+    parser.setErrorHandler(handler);
+    parser.setEntityResolver(new NokogiriEntityResolver(runtime, errorHandler, options));
 
     try {
-      setProperty("http://xml.org/sax/properties/lexical-handler", handler);
+      parser.setProperty("http://xml.org/sax/properties/lexical-handler", handler);
     } catch (Exception ex) {
       throw runtime.newRuntimeError("Problem while creating XML SAX Parser: " + ex.toString());
     }
@@ -270,8 +261,6 @@ public class XmlSaxParserContext extends ParserContext
 
     postParse(runtime, handlerRuby, handler);
 
-    //maybeTrimLeadingAndTrailingWhitespace(context, handlerRuby);
-
     return runtime.getNil();
   }
 
@@ -319,53 +308,6 @@ public class XmlSaxParserContext extends ParserContext
     return context.runtime.newBoolean(recovery);
   }
 
-  /**
-   * If the handler's document is a FragmentHandler, attempt to trim
-   * leading and trailing whitespace.
-   *
-   * This is a bit hackish and depends heavily on the internals of
-   * FragmentHandler.
-   */
-  protected void
-  maybeTrimLeadingAndTrailingWhitespace(ThreadContext context, IRubyObject parser)
-  {
-    RubyObjectAdapter adapter = JavaEmbedUtils.newObjectAdapter();
-    RubyModule mod = context.getRuntime().getClassFromPath("Nokogiri::XML::FragmentHandler");
-
-    IRubyObject handler = adapter.getInstanceVariable(parser, "@document");
-    if (handler == null || handler.isNil() || !adapter.isKindOf(handler, mod)) {
-      return;
-    }
-    IRubyObject stack = adapter.getInstanceVariable(handler, "@stack");
-    if (stack == null || stack.isNil()) {
-      return;
-    }
-    // doc is finally a DocumentFragment whose nodes we can check
-    IRubyObject doc = adapter.callMethod(stack, "first");
-    if (doc == null || doc.isNil()) {
-      return;
-    }
-
-    IRubyObject children;
-
-    for (;;) {
-      children = adapter.callMethod(doc, "children");
-      IRubyObject first = adapter.callMethod(children, "first");
-      if (NokogiriHelpers.isBlank(first)) { adapter.callMethod(first, "unlink"); }
-      else { break; }
-    }
-
-    for (;;) {
-      children = adapter.callMethod(doc, "children");
-      IRubyObject last = adapter.callMethod(children, "last");
-      if (NokogiriHelpers.isBlank(last)) { adapter.callMethod(last, "unlink"); }
-      else { break; }
-    }
-
-    // While we have a document, normalize it.
-    ((XmlNode) doc).normalize();
-  }
-
   @JRubyMethod(name = "column")
   public IRubyObject
   column(ThreadContext context)
@@ -383,5 +325,4 @@ public class XmlSaxParserContext extends ParserContext
     if (number == null) { return context.getRuntime().getNil(); }
     return RubyFixnum.newFixnum(context.getRuntime(), number.longValue());
   }
-
 }
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlSaxPushParser.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlSaxPushParser.java
index 8fa419b5e5..81bbb0c5bc 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlSaxPushParser.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlSaxPushParser.java
@@ -1,20 +1,9 @@
 package nokogiri;
 
-import static nokogiri.internals.NokogiriHelpers.getNokogiriClass;
-import static org.jruby.runtime.Helpers.invoke;
-
-import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.InputStream;
-import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
-import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
-import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
-import java.util.concurrent.Future;
-import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask;
-import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;
-
+import nokogiri.internals.*;
 import org.jruby.Ruby;
 import org.jruby.RubyClass;
+import org.jruby.RubyException;
 import org.jruby.RubyObject;
 import org.jruby.anno.JRubyClass;
 import org.jruby.anno.JRubyMethod;
@@ -22,11 +11,14 @@
 import org.jruby.runtime.ThreadContext;
 import org.jruby.runtime.builtin.IRubyObject;
 
-import nokogiri.internals.ClosedStreamException;
-import nokogiri.internals.NokogiriBlockingQueueInputStream;
-import nokogiri.internals.NokogiriHandler;
-import nokogiri.internals.NokogiriHelpers;
-import nokogiri.internals.ParserContext;
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.*;
+
+import static nokogiri.internals.NokogiriHelpers.getNokogiriClass;
+import static org.jruby.runtime.Helpers.invoke;
 
 /**
  * Class for Nokogiri::XML::SAX::PushParser
@@ -159,7 +151,8 @@ public class XmlSaxPushParser extends RubyObject
 
     if (!options.recover && parserTask.getErrorCount() > errorCount0) {
       terminateTask(context.runtime);
-      throw ex = parserTask.getLastError();
+      ex = parserTask.getLastError().toThrowable();
+      throw ex;
     }
 
     return this;
@@ -211,7 +204,7 @@ public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
     futureTask = null;
   }
 
-  // SHARED for HtmlSaxPushParser
+  // SHARED for Html4SaxPushParser
   static void
   terminateExecution(final ExecutorService executor, final NokogiriBlockingQueueInputStream stream,
                      final FutureTask<?> futureTask)
@@ -248,7 +241,7 @@ static class ParserTask extends ParserContext.ParserTask<XmlSaxParserContext>
       this(context, handler, parse(context.runtime, stream), stream);
     }
 
-    // IMPL with HtmlSaxPushParser
+    // IMPL with Html4SaxPushParser
     protected
     ParserTask(ThreadContext context, IRubyObject handler, XmlSaxParserContext parser, InputStream stream)
     {
@@ -278,16 +271,15 @@ static class ParserTask extends ParserContext.ParserTask<XmlSaxParserContext>
     getErrorCount()
     {
       // check for null because thread may not have started yet
-      if (parser.getNokogiriHandler() == null) { return 0; }
-      return parser.getNokogiriHandler().getErrorCount();
+      if (parser.getNokogiriErrorHandler() == null) { return 0; }
+      return parser.getNokogiriErrorHandler().getErrors().size();
     }
 
-    synchronized final RaiseException
+    synchronized final RubyException
     getLastError()
     {
-      return parser.getNokogiriHandler().getLastError();
+      List<RubyException> errors = parser.getNokogiriErrorHandler().getErrors();
+      return errors.get(errors.size() - 1);
     }
-
   }
-
 }
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlSchema.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlSchema.java
index 66cdff58d0..ff8e38fe70 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlSchema.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlSchema.java
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ private class SchemaResourceResolver implements LSResourceResolver
                     String systemId,
                     String baseURI)
     {
-      if (noNet && (systemId.startsWith("http://") || systemId.startsWith("ftp://"))) {
+      if (noNet && systemId != null && (systemId.startsWith("http://") || systemId.startsWith("ftp://"))) {
         if (systemId.startsWith(XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_NS_URI)) {
           return null; // use default resolver
         }
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlSyntaxError.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlSyntaxError.java
index f87c7d2e18..2555d4ca42 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlSyntaxError.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlSyntaxError.java
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public class XmlSyntaxError extends RubyException
   public static XmlSyntaxError
   createHTMLSyntaxError(final Ruby runtime)
   {
-    RubyClass klazz = (RubyClass) runtime.getClassFromPath("Nokogiri::HTML::SyntaxError");
+    RubyClass klazz = (RubyClass) runtime.getClassFromPath("Nokogiri::HTML4::SyntaxError");
     return new XmlSyntaxError(runtime, klazz);
   }
 
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlXpathContext.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlXpathContext.java
index b65e1d9361..1f720c0806 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlXpathContext.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/XmlXpathContext.java
@@ -203,15 +203,15 @@ public class XmlXpathContext extends RubyObject
     }
 
     switch (xobj.getType()) {
-    case XObject.CLASS_BOOLEAN :
-      return context.runtime.newBoolean(xobj.bool());
-    case XObject.CLASS_NUMBER :
-      return context.runtime.newFloat(xobj.num());
-    case XObject.CLASS_NODESET :
-      IRubyObject[] nodes = nodeListToRubyArray(context.runtime, xobj.nodelist());
-      return XmlNodeSet.newNodeSet(context.runtime, nodes, this.context);
-    default :
-      return context.runtime.newString(xobj.str());
+      case XObject.CLASS_BOOLEAN :
+        return context.runtime.newBoolean(xobj.bool());
+      case XObject.CLASS_NUMBER :
+        return context.runtime.newFloat(xobj.num());
+      case XObject.CLASS_NODESET :
+        IRubyObject[] nodes = nodeListToRubyArray(context.runtime, xobj.nodelist());
+        return XmlNodeSet.newNodeSet(context.runtime, nodes, this.context);
+      default :
+        return context.runtime.newString(xobj.str());
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/XsltStylesheet.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/XsltStylesheet.java
index e56cdc1851..d5329f120b 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/XsltStylesheet.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/XsltStylesheet.java
@@ -213,12 +213,12 @@ public class XsltStylesheet extends RubyObject
     }
 
     switch (elistener.getErrorType()) {
-    case ERROR:
-    case FATAL:
-      throw runtime.newRuntimeError(elistener.getErrorMessage());
-    case WARNING:
-    default:
-      // no-op
+      case ERROR:
+      case FATAL:
+        throw runtime.newRuntimeError(elistener.getErrorMessage());
+      case WARNING:
+      default:
+        // no-op
     }
 
     if (stringResult == null) {
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ public class XsltStylesheet extends RubyObject
   createDocumentFromDomResult(ThreadContext context, Ruby runtime, DOMResult domResult)
   {
     if ("html".equals(domResult.getNode().getFirstChild().getNodeName())) {
-      return new HtmlDocument(context.runtime, (Document) domResult.getNode());
+      return new Html4Document(context.runtime, (Document) domResult.getNode());
     } else {
       return new XmlDocument(context.runtime, (Document) domResult.getNode());
     }
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ public class XsltStylesheet extends RubyObject
     RubyClass parse_options = (RubyClass)runtime.getClassFromPath("Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions");
     if (htmlish) {
       args[3] = parse_options.getConstant("DEFAULT_HTML");
-      RubyClass htmlDocumentClass = getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::HTML::Document");
+      RubyClass htmlDocumentClass = getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::HTML4::Document");
       return Helpers.invoke(context, htmlDocumentClass, "parse", args);
     } else {
       args[3] = parse_options.getConstant("DEFAULT_XML");
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/HtmlDomParserContext.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/HtmlDomParserContext.java
index 20200a929c..80c2f96ee9 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/HtmlDomParserContext.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/HtmlDomParserContext.java
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import static nokogiri.internals.NokogiriHelpers.isNamespace;
 import static nokogiri.internals.NokogiriHelpers.stringOrNil;
 
-import nokogiri.HtmlDocument;
+import nokogiri.Html4Document;
 import nokogiri.NokogiriService;
 import nokogiri.XmlDocument;
 import nokogiri.XmlSyntaxError;
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
 
 /**
- * Parser for HtmlDocument. This class actually parses HtmlDocument using NekoHtml.
+ * Parser for Html4Document. This class actually parses Html4Document using NekoHtml.
  *
  * @author sergio
  * @author Patrick Mahoney <pat@polycrystal.org>
@@ -115,12 +115,12 @@ public class HtmlDomParserContext extends XmlDomParserContext
   protected XmlDocument
   wrapDocument(ThreadContext context, RubyClass klass, Document document)
   {
-    HtmlDocument htmlDocument = new HtmlDocument(context.runtime, klass, document);
+    Html4Document htmlDocument = new Html4Document(context.runtime, klass, document);
     htmlDocument.setDocumentNode(context.runtime, document);
     Helpers.invoke(context, htmlDocument, "initialize");
 
     if (ruby_encoding.isNil()) {
-      // ruby_encoding might have detected by HtmlDocument::EncodingReader
+      // ruby_encoding might have detected by Html4Document::EncodingReader
       if (detected_encoding != null && !detected_encoding.isNil()) {
         ruby_encoding = detected_encoding;
       } else {
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriEntityResolver.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriEntityResolver.java
index 6ee5de87bd..eb9a8b5b3d 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriEntityResolver.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriEntityResolver.java
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ public class NokogiriEntityResolver implements EntityResolver2
   private void
   addError(String errorMessage)
   {
-    if (handler != null) { handler.errors.add(new Exception(errorMessage)); }
+    if (handler != null) { handler.addError(new Exception(errorMessage)); }
   }
 
   /**
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriErrorHandler.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriErrorHandler.java
index 51d8e05dae..9c4683ee48 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriErrorHandler.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriErrorHandler.java
@@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
 package nokogiri.internals;
 
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.List;
-
+import nokogiri.XmlSyntaxError;
 import org.apache.xerces.xni.parser.XMLErrorHandler;
+import org.jruby.Ruby;
+import org.jruby.RubyException;
+import org.jruby.exceptions.RaiseException;
 import org.xml.sax.ErrorHandler;
 
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
 /**
  * Super class of error handlers.
  *
@@ -17,23 +21,40 @@
  */
 public abstract class NokogiriErrorHandler implements ErrorHandler, XMLErrorHandler
 {
-  protected final List<Exception> errors;
+  private final Ruby runtime;
+  protected final List<RubyException> errors;
   protected boolean noerror;
   protected boolean nowarning;
 
   public
-  NokogiriErrorHandler(boolean noerror, boolean nowarning)
+  NokogiriErrorHandler(Ruby runtime, boolean noerror, boolean nowarning)
   {
-    this.errors = new ArrayList<Exception>(4);
+    this.runtime = runtime;
+    this.errors = new ArrayList<RubyException>(4);
     this.noerror = noerror;
     this.nowarning = nowarning;
   }
 
-  List<Exception>
+  public List<RubyException>
   getErrors() { return errors; }
 
   public void
-  addError(Exception ex) { errors.add(ex); }
+  addError(Exception ex)
+  {
+    addError(XmlSyntaxError.createXMLSyntaxError(runtime, ex));
+  }
+
+  public void
+  addError(RubyException ex)
+  {
+    errors.add(ex);
+  }
+
+  public void
+  addError(RaiseException ex)
+  {
+    addError(ex.getException());
+  }
 
   protected boolean
   usesNekoHtml(String domain)
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriHandler.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriHandler.java
index 897a6dcf13..fdc57f4f88 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriHandler.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriHandler.java
@@ -38,28 +38,22 @@ public class NokogiriHandler extends DefaultHandler2 implements XmlDeclHandler
   private final Ruby runtime;
   private final RubyClass attrClass;
   private final IRubyObject object;
-
-  /**
-   * Stores parse errors with the most-recent error last.
-   *
-   * TODO: should these be stored in the document 'errors' array?
-   * Currently only string messages are stored there.
-   */
-  private final LinkedList<RaiseException> errors = new LinkedList<RaiseException>();
+  private NokogiriErrorHandler errorHandler;
 
   private Locator locator;
   private boolean needEmptyAttrCheck;
 
   public
-  NokogiriHandler(Ruby runtime, IRubyObject object)
+  NokogiriHandler(Ruby runtime, IRubyObject object, NokogiriErrorHandler errorHandler)
   {
     assert object != null;
     this.runtime = runtime;
     this.attrClass = (RubyClass) runtime.getClassFromPath("Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser::Attribute");
     this.object = object;
+    this.errorHandler = errorHandler;
     charactersBuilder = new StringBuilder();
     String objectName = object.getMetaClass().getName();
-    if ("Nokogiri::HTML::SAX::Parser".equals(objectName)) { needEmptyAttrCheck = true; }
+    if ("Nokogiri::HTML4::SAX::Parser".equals(objectName)) { needEmptyAttrCheck = true; }
   }
 
   @Override
@@ -253,9 +247,9 @@ public class NokogiriHandler extends DefaultHandler2 implements XmlDeclHandler
     try {
       final String msg = ex.getMessage();
       call("error", runtime.newString(msg == null ? "" : msg));
-      addError(XmlSyntaxError.createError(runtime, ex).toThrowable());
+      errorHandler.addError(ex);
     } catch (RaiseException e) {
-      addError(e);
+      errorHandler.addError(e);
       throw e;
     }
   }
@@ -282,22 +276,10 @@ public class NokogiriHandler extends DefaultHandler2 implements XmlDeclHandler
     call("warning", runtime.newString(msg == null ? "" : msg));
   }
 
-  protected synchronized void
-  addError(RaiseException e)
-  {
-    errors.add(e);
-  }
-
   public synchronized int
   getErrorCount()
   {
-    return errors.size();
-  }
-
-  public synchronized RaiseException
-  getLastError()
-  {
-    return errors.getLast();
+    return errorHandler.getErrors().size();
   }
 
   private void
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriHelpers.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriHelpers.java
index a211ffbff1..c506bba394 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriHelpers.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriHelpers.java
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 import org.w3c.dom.Node;
 import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
 
-import nokogiri.HtmlDocument;
+import nokogiri.Html4Document;
 import nokogiri.NokogiriService;
 import nokogiri.XmlAttr;
 import nokogiri.XmlCdata;
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ public class NokogiriHelpers
     if (node == null) { return runtime.getNil(); }
     if (node.getNodeType() == Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE && isNamespace(node.getNodeName())) {
       XmlDocument xmlDocument = (XmlDocument) node.getOwnerDocument().getUserData(CACHED_NODE);
-      if (!(xmlDocument instanceof HtmlDocument)) {
+      if (!(xmlDocument instanceof Html4Document)) {
         String prefix = getLocalNameForNamespace(((Attr) node).getName(), null);
         String href = ((Attr) node).getValue();
         XmlNamespace xmlNamespace = xmlDocument.getNamespaceCache().get(prefix, href);
@@ -116,59 +116,59 @@ public class NokogiriHelpers
     if (node == null) { return runtime.getNil(); }
     // this is slow; need a way to cache nokogiri classes/modules somewhere
     switch (node.getNodeType()) {
-    case Node.ELEMENT_NODE:
-      XmlElement xmlElement = (XmlElement) NokogiriService.XML_ELEMENT_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
-                              "Nokogiri::XML::Element"));
-      xmlElement.setNode(runtime, node);
-      return xmlElement;
-    case Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
-      XmlAttr xmlAttr = (XmlAttr) NokogiriService.XML_ATTR_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
-                        "Nokogiri::XML::Attr"));
-      xmlAttr.setNode(runtime, node);
-      return xmlAttr;
-    case Node.TEXT_NODE:
-      XmlText xmlText = (XmlText) NokogiriService.XML_TEXT_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
-                        "Nokogiri::XML::Text"));
-      xmlText.setNode(runtime, node);
-      return xmlText;
-    case Node.COMMENT_NODE:
-      XmlComment xmlComment = (XmlComment) NokogiriService.XML_COMMENT_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
-                              "Nokogiri::XML::Comment"));
-      xmlComment.setNode(runtime, node);
-      return xmlComment;
-    case Node.ENTITY_NODE:
-      return new XmlNode(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::XML::EntityDecl"), node);
-    case Node.ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE:
-      XmlEntityReference xmlEntityRef = (XmlEntityReference) NokogiriService.XML_ENTITY_REFERENCE_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime,
-                                        getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::XML::EntityReference"));
-      xmlEntityRef.setNode(runtime, node);
-      return xmlEntityRef;
-    case Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE:
-      XmlProcessingInstruction xmlProcessingInstruction = (XmlProcessingInstruction)
-          NokogiriService.XML_PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
-              "Nokogiri::XML::ProcessingInstruction"));
-      xmlProcessingInstruction.setNode(runtime, node);
-      return xmlProcessingInstruction;
-    case Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
-      XmlCdata xmlCdata = (XmlCdata) NokogiriService.XML_CDATA_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
-                          "Nokogiri::XML::CDATA"));
-      xmlCdata.setNode(runtime, node);
-      return xmlCdata;
-    case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE:
-      XmlDocument xmlDocument = (XmlDocument) NokogiriService.XML_DOCUMENT_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime,
-                                getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::XML::Document"));
-      xmlDocument.setDocumentNode(runtime, (Document) node);
-      return xmlDocument;
-    case Node.DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE:
-      XmlDtd xmlDtd = (XmlDtd) NokogiriService.XML_DTD_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
-                      "Nokogiri::XML::DTD"));
-      xmlDtd.setNode(runtime, node);
-      return xmlDtd;
-    default:
-      XmlNode xmlNode = (XmlNode) NokogiriService.XML_NODE_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
-                        "Nokogiri::XML::Node"));
-      xmlNode.setNode(runtime, node);
-      return xmlNode;
+      case Node.ELEMENT_NODE:
+        XmlElement xmlElement = (XmlElement) NokogiriService.XML_ELEMENT_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
+                                "Nokogiri::XML::Element"));
+        xmlElement.setNode(runtime, node);
+        return xmlElement;
+      case Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
+        XmlAttr xmlAttr = (XmlAttr) NokogiriService.XML_ATTR_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
+                          "Nokogiri::XML::Attr"));
+        xmlAttr.setNode(runtime, node);
+        return xmlAttr;
+      case Node.TEXT_NODE:
+        XmlText xmlText = (XmlText) NokogiriService.XML_TEXT_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
+                          "Nokogiri::XML::Text"));
+        xmlText.setNode(runtime, node);
+        return xmlText;
+      case Node.COMMENT_NODE:
+        XmlComment xmlComment = (XmlComment) NokogiriService.XML_COMMENT_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
+                                "Nokogiri::XML::Comment"));
+        xmlComment.setNode(runtime, node);
+        return xmlComment;
+      case Node.ENTITY_NODE:
+        return new XmlNode(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::XML::EntityDecl"), node);
+      case Node.ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE:
+        XmlEntityReference xmlEntityRef = (XmlEntityReference) NokogiriService.XML_ENTITY_REFERENCE_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime,
+                                          getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::XML::EntityReference"));
+        xmlEntityRef.setNode(runtime, node);
+        return xmlEntityRef;
+      case Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE:
+        XmlProcessingInstruction xmlProcessingInstruction = (XmlProcessingInstruction)
+            NokogiriService.XML_PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
+                "Nokogiri::XML::ProcessingInstruction"));
+        xmlProcessingInstruction.setNode(runtime, node);
+        return xmlProcessingInstruction;
+      case Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
+        XmlCdata xmlCdata = (XmlCdata) NokogiriService.XML_CDATA_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
+                            "Nokogiri::XML::CDATA"));
+        xmlCdata.setNode(runtime, node);
+        return xmlCdata;
+      case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE:
+        XmlDocument xmlDocument = (XmlDocument) NokogiriService.XML_DOCUMENT_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime,
+                                  getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::XML::Document"));
+        xmlDocument.setDocumentNode(runtime, (Document) node);
+        return xmlDocument;
+      case Node.DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE:
+        XmlDtd xmlDtd = (XmlDtd) NokogiriService.XML_DTD_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
+                        "Nokogiri::XML::DTD"));
+        xmlDtd.setNode(runtime, node);
+        return xmlDtd;
+      default:
+        XmlNode xmlNode = (XmlNode) NokogiriService.XML_NODE_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
+                          "Nokogiri::XML::Node"));
+        xmlNode.setNode(runtime, node);
+        return xmlNode;
     }
   }
 
@@ -723,8 +723,8 @@ public class NokogiriHelpers
   public static CharSequence
   convertEncodingByNKFIfNecessary(ThreadContext context, XmlDocument doc, CharSequence str)
   {
-    if (!(doc instanceof HtmlDocument)) { return str; }
-    String parsed_encoding = ((HtmlDocument)doc).getPraedEncoding();
+    if (!(doc instanceof Html4Document)) { return str; }
+    String parsed_encoding = ((Html4Document)doc).getPraedEncoding();
     if (parsed_encoding == null) { return str; }
     String ruby_encoding = rubyStringToString(doc.getEncoding());
     if (ruby_encoding == null) { return str; }
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler.java
index 1a9e5af490..bc907ddf95 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler.java
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package nokogiri.internals;
 
 import org.apache.xerces.xni.parser.XMLParseException;
+import org.jruby.Ruby;
 import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
 import org.xml.sax.SAXParseException;
 
@@ -13,21 +14,21 @@
 public class NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler extends NokogiriErrorHandler
 {
   public
-  NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler(boolean noerror, boolean nowarning)
+  NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler(Ruby runtime, boolean noerror, boolean nowarning)
   {
-    super(noerror, nowarning);
+    super(runtime, noerror, nowarning);
   }
 
   public void
   warning(SAXParseException ex) throws SAXException
   {
-    errors.add(ex);
+    addError(ex);
   }
 
   public void
   error(SAXParseException ex) throws SAXException
   {
-    errors.add(ex);
+    addError(ex);
   }
 
   public void
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ public class NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler extends NokogiriErrorHandler
     // found in the prolog, instead it will keep calling this method and we'll
     // keep inserting the error in the document errors array until we run
     // out of memory
-    errors.add(ex);
+    addError(ex);
     String message = ex.getMessage();
 
     // The problem with Xerces is that some errors will cause the
@@ -53,19 +54,19 @@ public class NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler extends NokogiriErrorHandler
   public void
   error(String domain, String key, XMLParseException e)
   {
-    errors.add(e);
+    addError(e);
   }
 
   public void
   fatalError(String domain, String key, XMLParseException e)
   {
-    errors.add(e);
+    addError(e);
   }
 
   public void
   warning(String domain, String key, XMLParseException e)
   {
-    errors.add(e);
+    addError(e);
   }
 
   /*
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler4NekoHtml.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler4NekoHtml.java
index 286820a423..152ee4657c 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler4NekoHtml.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler4NekoHtml.java
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package nokogiri.internals;
 
 import org.apache.xerces.xni.parser.XMLParseException;
+import org.jruby.Ruby;
 import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
 import org.xml.sax.SAXParseException;
 
@@ -20,15 +21,15 @@ public class NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler4NekoHtml extends NokogiriErrorHandler
 {
 
   public
-  NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler4NekoHtml(boolean nowarning)
+  NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler4NekoHtml(Ruby runtime, boolean nowarning)
   {
-    super(false, nowarning);
+    super(runtime, false, nowarning);
   }
 
   public
-  NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler4NekoHtml(boolean noerror, boolean nowarning)
+  NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler4NekoHtml(Ruby runtime, boolean noerror, boolean nowarning)
   {
-    super(noerror, nowarning);
+    super(runtime, noerror, nowarning);
   }
 
   public void
@@ -40,13 +41,13 @@ public class NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler4NekoHtml extends NokogiriErrorHandler
   public void
   error(SAXParseException ex) throws SAXException
   {
-    errors.add(ex);
+    addError(ex);
   }
 
   public void
   fatalError(SAXParseException ex) throws SAXException
   {
-    errors.add(ex);
+    addError(ex);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ public class NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler4NekoHtml extends NokogiriErrorHandler
   public void
   error(String domain, String key, XMLParseException e)
   {
-    errors.add(e);
+    addError(e);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ public class NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler4NekoHtml extends NokogiriErrorHandler
   public void
   fatalError(String domain, String key, XMLParseException e)
   {
-    errors.add(e);
+    addError(e);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -100,7 +101,7 @@ public class NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler4NekoHtml extends NokogiriErrorHandler
   public void
   warning(String domain, String key, XMLParseException e)
   {
-    errors.add(e);
+    addError(e);
   }
 
 }
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriStrictErrorHandler.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriStrictErrorHandler.java
index e5566b5787..78118d1de7 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriStrictErrorHandler.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriStrictErrorHandler.java
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package nokogiri.internals;
 
 import org.apache.xerces.xni.parser.XMLParseException;
+import org.jruby.Ruby;
 import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
 import org.xml.sax.SAXParseException;
 
@@ -14,23 +15,23 @@
 public class NokogiriStrictErrorHandler extends NokogiriErrorHandler
 {
   public
-  NokogiriStrictErrorHandler(boolean noerror, boolean nowarning)
+  NokogiriStrictErrorHandler(Ruby runtime, boolean noerror, boolean nowarning)
   {
-    super(noerror, nowarning);
+    super(runtime, noerror, nowarning);
   }
 
   public void
   warning(SAXParseException spex) throws SAXException
   {
     if (!nowarning) { throw spex; }
-    else { errors.add(spex); }
+    else { addError(spex); }
   }
 
   public void
   error(SAXParseException spex) throws SAXException
   {
     if (!noerror) { throw spex; }
-    else { errors.add(spex); }
+    else { addError(spex); }
   }
 
   public void
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ public class NokogiriStrictErrorHandler extends NokogiriErrorHandler
   error(String domain, String key, XMLParseException e) throws XMLParseException
   {
     if (!noerror) { throw e; }
-    else { errors.add(e); }
+    else { addError(e); }
   }
 
   public void
@@ -56,6 +57,6 @@ public class NokogiriStrictErrorHandler extends NokogiriErrorHandler
   warning(String domain, String key, XMLParseException e) throws XMLParseException
   {
     if (!nowarning) { throw e; }
-    if (!usesNekoHtml(domain)) { errors.add(e); }
+    else { addError(e); }
   }
 }
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/ParserContext.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/ParserContext.java
index 6eda7be5e2..b8d393a520 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/ParserContext.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/ParserContext.java
@@ -58,6 +58,12 @@ public abstract class ParserContext extends RubyObject
     source = new InputSource();
     ParserContext.setUrl(context, source, url);
 
+    Ruby ruby = context.getRuntime();
+
+    if (!(data.respondsTo("read"))) {
+      throw ruby.newTypeError("must respond to :read");
+    }
+
     source.setByteStream(new IOInputStream(data));
     if (java_encoding != null) {
       source.setEncoding(java_encoding);
@@ -73,7 +79,7 @@ public abstract class ParserContext extends RubyObject
     Ruby ruby = context.getRuntime();
 
     if (!(data instanceof RubyString)) {
-      throw ruby.newArgumentError("must be kind_of String");
+      throw ruby.newTypeError("must be kind_of String");
     }
 
     RubyString stringData = (RubyString) data;
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/ReaderNode.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/ReaderNode.java
index f671075db9..4dc17f62e4 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/ReaderNode.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/ReaderNode.java
@@ -112,9 +112,10 @@ public abstract class ReaderNode
   getAttributes(ThreadContext context)
   {
     final Ruby runtime = context.runtime;
-    if (attributeList == null) { return runtime.getNil(); }
     RubyHash hash = RubyHash.newHash(runtime);
+    if (attributeList == null) { return hash; }
     for (int i = 0; i < attributeList.length; i++) {
+      if (isNamespace(attributeList.names.get(i))) { continue; }
       IRubyObject k = stringOrBlank(runtime, attributeList.names.get(i));
       IRubyObject v = stringOrBlank(runtime, attributeList.values.get(i));
       hash.fastASetCheckString(runtime, k, v); // hash.op_aset(context, k, v)
@@ -150,8 +151,8 @@ public abstract class ReaderNode
   getNamespaces(ThreadContext context)
   {
     final Ruby runtime = context.runtime;
-    if (namespaces == null) { return runtime.getNil(); }
     RubyHash hash = RubyHash.newHash(runtime);
+    if (namespaces == null) { return hash; }
     for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : namespaces.entrySet()) {
       IRubyObject k = stringOrBlank(runtime, entry.getKey());
       IRubyObject v = stringOrBlank(runtime, entry.getValue());
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/SaveContextVisitor.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/SaveContextVisitor.java
index ced4630811..2ddb0e4279 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/SaveContextVisitor.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/SaveContextVisitor.java
@@ -296,30 +296,30 @@ public class SaveContextVisitor
     for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
       char c;
       switch (c = str.charAt(i)) {
-      case '\n':
-        buffer.append("&#10;");
-        break;
-      case '\r':
-        buffer.append("&#13;");
-        break;
-      case '\t':
-        buffer.append("&#9;");
-        break;
-      case '"':
-        if (htmlDoc) { buffer.append("%22"); }
-        else { buffer.append("&quot;"); }
-        break;
-      case '<':
-        buffer.append("&lt;");
-        break;
-      case '>':
-        buffer.append("&gt;");
-        break;
-      case '&':
-        buffer.append("&amp;");
-        break;
-      default:
-        buffer.append(c);
+        case '\n':
+          buffer.append("&#10;");
+          break;
+        case '\r':
+          buffer.append("&#13;");
+          break;
+        case '\t':
+          buffer.append("&#9;");
+          break;
+        case '"':
+          if (htmlDoc) { buffer.append("%22"); }
+          else { buffer.append("&quot;"); }
+          break;
+        case '<':
+          buffer.append("&lt;");
+          break;
+        case '>':
+          buffer.append("&gt;");
+          break;
+        case '&':
+          buffer.append("&amp;");
+          break;
+        default:
+          buffer.append(c);
       }
     }
 
@@ -673,6 +673,8 @@ public int compare(Attr attr0, Attr attr1) {
       if (!isEmpty(name) && noEmpty) {
         buffer.append("</").append(name).append('>');
       }
+    } else if (asXhtml && !isEmpty(name)) {
+      buffer.append("</").append(name).append('>');
     }
     if (needBreakInClosing(element)) {
       if (!containsText(element)) { indentation.pop(); }
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/XmlDomParserContext.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/XmlDomParserContext.java
index b94d1ae1f9..3621f1f98f 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/XmlDomParserContext.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/XmlDomParserContext.java
@@ -1,30 +1,24 @@
 package nokogiri.internals;
 
-import static nokogiri.internals.NokogiriHelpers.getNokogiriClass;
-import static nokogiri.internals.NokogiriHelpers.isBlank;
-
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.List;
-
+import nokogiri.XmlDocument;
+import nokogiri.XmlDtd;
+import nokogiri.XmlSyntaxError;
 import org.apache.xerces.parsers.DOMParser;
-import org.jruby.Ruby;
-import org.jruby.RubyArray;
-import org.jruby.RubyClass;
-import org.jruby.RubyFixnum;
+import org.jruby.*;
 import org.jruby.exceptions.RaiseException;
-import org.jruby.runtime.ThreadContext;
 import org.jruby.runtime.Helpers;
+import org.jruby.runtime.ThreadContext;
 import org.jruby.runtime.builtin.IRubyObject;
 import org.w3c.dom.Document;
 import org.w3c.dom.Node;
 import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
 import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
 
-import nokogiri.NokogiriService;
-import nokogiri.XmlDocument;
-import nokogiri.XmlDtd;
-import nokogiri.XmlSyntaxError;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import static nokogiri.internals.NokogiriHelpers.isBlank;
 
 /**
  * Parser class for XML DOM processing. This class actually parses XML document
@@ -48,7 +42,6 @@ public class XmlDomParserContext extends ParserContext
   protected static final String FEATURE_NOT_EXPAND_ENTITY =
     "http://apache.org/xml/features/dom/create-entity-ref-nodes";
   protected static final String FEATURE_VALIDATION = "http://xml.org/sax/features/validation";
-  private static final String XINCLUDE_FEATURE_ID = "http://apache.org/xml/features/xinclude";
   private static final String SECURITY_MANAGER = "http://apache.org/xml/properties/security-manager";
 
   protected ParserContext.Options options;
@@ -69,17 +62,17 @@ public class XmlDomParserContext extends ParserContext
     this.options = new ParserContext.Options(RubyFixnum.fix2long(options));
     java_encoding = NokogiriHelpers.getValidEncodingOrNull(encoding);
     ruby_encoding = encoding;
-    initErrorHandler();
+    initErrorHandler(runtime);
     initParser(runtime);
   }
 
   protected void
-  initErrorHandler()
+  initErrorHandler(Ruby runtime)
   {
     if (options.recover) {
-      errorHandler = new NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler(options.noError, options.noWarning);
+      errorHandler = new NokogiriNonStrictErrorHandler(runtime, options.noError, options.noWarning);
     } else {
-      errorHandler = new NokogiriStrictErrorHandler(options.noError, options.noWarning);
+      errorHandler = new NokogiriStrictErrorHandler(runtime, options.noError, options.noWarning);
     }
   }
 
@@ -161,12 +154,10 @@ public class XmlDomParserContext extends ParserContext
   mapErrors(ThreadContext context, NokogiriErrorHandler errorHandler)
   {
     final Ruby runtime = context.runtime;
-    final List<Exception> errors = errorHandler.getErrors();
+    final List<RubyException> errors = errorHandler.getErrors();
     final IRubyObject[] errorsAry = new IRubyObject[errors.size()];
     for (int i = 0; i < errors.size(); i++) {
-      XmlSyntaxError xmlSyntaxError = XmlSyntaxError.createXMLSyntaxError(runtime);
-      xmlSyntaxError.setException(errors.get(i));
-      errorsAry[i] = xmlSyntaxError;
+      errorsAry[i] = errors.get(i);
     }
     return runtime.newArrayNoCopy(errorsAry);
   }
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/c14n/CanonicalizerBase.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/c14n/CanonicalizerBase.java
index 214c46a286..7a81f428f5 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/c14n/CanonicalizerBase.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/c14n/CanonicalizerBase.java
@@ -202,75 +202,75 @@ public abstract class CanonicalizerBase extends CanonicalizerSpi
     do {
       switch (currentNode.getNodeType()) {
 
-      case Node.ENTITY_NODE :
-      case Node.NOTATION_NODE :
-      case Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE :
-        // illegal node type during traversal
-        throw new CanonicalizationException("empty");
-
-      case Node.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE :
-      case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE :
-        ns.outputNodePush();
-        sibling = currentNode.getFirstChild();
-        break;
-
-      case Node.COMMENT_NODE :
-        if (includeComments) {
-          outputCommentToWriter((Comment) currentNode, writer, documentLevel);
-        }
-        break;
-
-      case Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE :
-        outputPItoWriter((ProcessingInstruction) currentNode, writer, documentLevel);
-        break;
+        case Node.ENTITY_NODE :
+        case Node.NOTATION_NODE :
+        case Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE :
+          // illegal node type during traversal
+          throw new CanonicalizationException("empty");
+
+        case Node.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE :
+        case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE :
+          ns.outputNodePush();
+          sibling = currentNode.getFirstChild();
+          break;
 
-      case Node.TEXT_NODE :
-      case Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE :
-        outputTextToWriter(currentNode.getNodeValue(), writer);
-        break;
+        case Node.COMMENT_NODE :
+          if (includeComments) {
+            outputCommentToWriter((Comment) currentNode, writer, documentLevel);
+          }
+          break;
 
-      case Node.ELEMENT_NODE :
-        documentLevel = NODE_NOT_BEFORE_OR_AFTER_DOCUMENT_ELEMENT;
-        if (currentNode == excludeNode) {
+        case Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE :
+          outputPItoWriter((ProcessingInstruction) currentNode, writer, documentLevel);
           break;
-        }
-        if (filter != null && !filter.includeNodes(currentNode, parentNode)) {
+
+        case Node.TEXT_NODE :
+        case Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE :
+          outputTextToWriter(currentNode.getNodeValue(), writer);
           break;
-        }
 
-        Element currentElement = (Element)currentNode;
-        //Add a level to the nssymbtable. So latter can be pop-back.
-        ns.outputNodePush();
-        writer.write('<');
-        String name = currentElement.getTagName();
-        UtfHelpper.writeByte(name, writer, cache);
-
-        Iterator<Attr> attrs = this.handleAttributesSubtree(currentElement, ns);
-        if (attrs != null) {
-          //we output all Attrs which are available
-          while (attrs.hasNext()) {
-            Attr attr = attrs.next();
-            outputAttrToWriter(attr.getNodeName(), attr.getNodeValue(), writer, cache);
+        case Node.ELEMENT_NODE :
+          documentLevel = NODE_NOT_BEFORE_OR_AFTER_DOCUMENT_ELEMENT;
+          if (currentNode == excludeNode) {
+            break;
+          }
+          if (filter != null && !filter.includeNodes(currentNode, parentNode)) {
+            break;
+          }
+
+          Element currentElement = (Element)currentNode;
+          //Add a level to the nssymbtable. So latter can be pop-back.
+          ns.outputNodePush();
+          writer.write('<');
+          String name = currentElement.getTagName();
+          UtfHelpper.writeByte(name, writer, cache);
+
+          Iterator<Attr> attrs = this.handleAttributesSubtree(currentElement, ns);
+          if (attrs != null) {
+            //we output all Attrs which are available
+            while (attrs.hasNext()) {
+              Attr attr = attrs.next();
+              outputAttrToWriter(attr.getNodeName(), attr.getNodeValue(), writer, cache);
+            }
           }
-        }
-        writer.write('>');
-        sibling = currentNode.getFirstChild();
-        if (sibling == null) {
-          writer.write(END_TAG);
-          UtfHelpper.writeStringToUtf8(name, writer);
           writer.write('>');
-          //We finished with this level, pop to the previous definitions.
-          ns.outputNodePop();
-          if (parentNode != null) {
-            sibling = currentNode.getNextSibling();
+          sibling = currentNode.getFirstChild();
+          if (sibling == null) {
+            writer.write(END_TAG);
+            UtfHelpper.writeStringToUtf8(name, writer);
+            writer.write('>');
+            //We finished with this level, pop to the previous definitions.
+            ns.outputNodePop();
+            if (parentNode != null) {
+              sibling = currentNode.getNextSibling();
+            }
+          } else {
+            parentNode = currentElement;
           }
-        } else {
-          parentNode = currentElement;
-        }
-        break;
-      case Node.DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE :
-      default :
-        break;
+          break;
+        case Node.DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE :
+        default :
+          break;
       }
       while (sibling == null && parentNode != null) {
         writer.write(END_TAG);
@@ -477,37 +477,37 @@ abstract Iterator<Attr> handleAttributesSubtree(Element element, NameSpaceSymbTa
 
       switch (c) {
 
-      case '&' :
-        toWrite = AMP;
-        break;
+        case '&' :
+          toWrite = AMP;
+          break;
 
-      case '<' :
-        toWrite = LT;
-        break;
+        case '<' :
+          toWrite = LT;
+          break;
 
-      case '"' :
-        toWrite = QUOT;
-        break;
+        case '"' :
+          toWrite = QUOT;
+          break;
 
-      case 0x09 :    // '\t'
-        toWrite = X9;
-        break;
+        case 0x09 :    // '\t'
+          toWrite = X9;
+          break;
 
-      case 0x0A :    // '\n'
-        toWrite = XA;
-        break;
+        case 0x0A :    // '\n'
+          toWrite = XA;
+          break;
 
-      case 0x0D :    // '\r'
-        toWrite = XD;
-        break;
+        case 0x0D :    // '\r'
+          toWrite = XD;
+          break;
 
-      default :
-        if (c < 0x80) {
-          writer.write(c);
-        } else {
-          UtfHelpper.writeCharToUtf8(c, writer);
-        }
-        continue;
+        default :
+          if (c < 0x80) {
+            writer.write(c);
+          } else {
+            UtfHelpper.writeCharToUtf8(c, writer);
+          }
+          continue;
       }
       writer.write(toWrite);
     }
@@ -629,29 +629,29 @@ abstract Iterator<Attr> handleAttributesSubtree(Element element, NameSpaceSymbTa
 
       switch (c) {
 
-      case '&' :
-        toWrite = AMP;
-        break;
+        case '&' :
+          toWrite = AMP;
+          break;
 
-      case '<' :
-        toWrite = LT;
-        break;
+        case '<' :
+          toWrite = LT;
+          break;
 
-      case '>' :
-        toWrite = GT;
-        break;
+        case '>' :
+          toWrite = GT;
+          break;
 
-      case 0xD :
-        toWrite = XD;
-        break;
+        case 0xD :
+          toWrite = XD;
+          break;
 
-      default :
-        if (c < 0x80) {
-          writer.write(c);
-        } else {
-          UtfHelpper.writeCharToUtf8(c, writer);
-        }
-        continue;
+        default :
+          if (c < 0x80) {
+            writer.write(c);
+          } else {
+            UtfHelpper.writeCharToUtf8(c, writer);
+          }
+          continue;
       }
       writer.write(toWrite);
     }
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/c14n/XMLUtils.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/c14n/XMLUtils.java
index 2a9190f8c2..c29de56601 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/c14n/XMLUtils.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/c14n/XMLUtils.java
@@ -195,43 +195,43 @@ public class XMLUtils
     final String namespaceNs = Constants.NamespaceSpecNS;
     do {
       switch (node.getNodeType()) {
-      case Node.ELEMENT_NODE :
-        Element element = (Element) node;
-        if (!element.hasChildNodes()) {
-          break;
-        }
-        if (element.hasAttributes()) {
-          NamedNodeMap attributes = element.getAttributes();
-          int attributesLength = attributes.getLength();
-
-          for (Node child = element.getFirstChild(); child != null;
-               child = child.getNextSibling()) {
+        case Node.ELEMENT_NODE :
+          Element element = (Element) node;
+          if (!element.hasChildNodes()) {
+            break;
+          }
+          if (element.hasAttributes()) {
+            NamedNodeMap attributes = element.getAttributes();
+            int attributesLength = attributes.getLength();
 
-            if (child.getNodeType() != Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
-              continue;
-            }
-            Element childElement = (Element) child;
+            for (Node child = element.getFirstChild(); child != null;
+                 child = child.getNextSibling()) {
 
-            for (int i = 0; i < attributesLength; i++) {
-              Attr currentAttr = (Attr) attributes.item(i);
-              if (!namespaceNs.equals(currentAttr.getNamespaceURI())) {
+              if (child.getNodeType() != Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
                 continue;
               }
-              if (childElement.hasAttributeNS(namespaceNs,
-                                              currentAttr.getLocalName())) {
-                continue;
+              Element childElement = (Element) child;
+
+              for (int i = 0; i < attributesLength; i++) {
+                Attr currentAttr = (Attr) attributes.item(i);
+                if (!namespaceNs.equals(currentAttr.getNamespaceURI())) {
+                  continue;
+                }
+                if (childElement.hasAttributeNS(namespaceNs,
+                                                currentAttr.getLocalName())) {
+                  continue;
+                }
+                childElement.setAttributeNS(namespaceNs,
+                                            currentAttr.getName(),
+                                            currentAttr.getNodeValue());
               }
-              childElement.setAttributeNS(namespaceNs,
-                                          currentAttr.getName(),
-                                          currentAttr.getNodeValue());
             }
           }
-        }
-      case Node.ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE :
-      case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE :
-        parent = node;
-        sibling = node.getFirstChild();
-        break;
+        case Node.ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE :
+        case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE :
+          parent = node;
+          sibling = node.getFirstChild();
+          break;
       }
       while ((sibling == null) && (parent != null)) {
         sibling = parent.getNextSibling();
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/dom2dtm/DOM2DTM.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/dom2dtm/DOM2DTM.java
index 36b17023dc..652caaab5d 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/dom2dtm/DOM2DTM.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/dom2dtm/DOM2DTM.java
@@ -885,26 +885,26 @@ else if (PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE == nexttype) {
   {
 
     switch (node.getNodeType()) {
-    case Node.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE :
-    case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE :
-    case Node.ELEMENT_NODE : {
-      for (Node child = node.getFirstChild(); null != child;
-           child = child.getNextSibling()) {
-        getNodeData(child, buf);
+      case Node.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE :
+      case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE :
+      case Node.ELEMENT_NODE : {
+        for (Node child = node.getFirstChild(); null != child;
+             child = child.getNextSibling()) {
+          getNodeData(child, buf);
+        }
       }
-    }
-    break;
-    case Node.TEXT_NODE :
-    case Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE :
-    case Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE :	// Never a child but might be our starting node
-      buf.append(node.getNodeValue());
-      break;
-    case Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE :
-      // warning(XPATHErrorResources.WG_PARSING_AND_PREPARING);
-      break;
-    default :
-      // ignore
       break;
+      case Node.TEXT_NODE :
+      case Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE :
+      case Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE :	// Never a child but might be our starting node
+        buf.append(node.getNodeValue());
+        break;
+      case Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE :
+        // warning(XPATHErrorResources.WG_PARSING_AND_PREPARING);
+        break;
+      default :
+        // ignore
+        break;
     }
   }
 
@@ -943,30 +943,30 @@ else if (PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE == nexttype) {
     short type = getNodeType(nodeHandle);
 
     switch (type) {
-    case DTM.NAMESPACE_NODE : {
-      Node node = getNode(nodeHandle);
-
-      // assume not null.
-      name = node.getNodeName();
-      if (name.startsWith("xmlns:")) {
-        name = QName.getLocalPart(name);
-      } else if (name.equals("xmlns")) {
-        name = "";
+      case DTM.NAMESPACE_NODE : {
+        Node node = getNode(nodeHandle);
+
+        // assume not null.
+        name = node.getNodeName();
+        if (name.startsWith("xmlns:")) {
+          name = QName.getLocalPart(name);
+        } else if (name.equals("xmlns")) {
+          name = "";
+        }
       }
-    }
-    break;
-    case DTM.ATTRIBUTE_NODE :
-    case DTM.ELEMENT_NODE :
-    case DTM.ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE :
-    case DTM.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE : {
-      Node node = getNode(nodeHandle);
-
-      // assume not null.
-      name = node.getNodeName();
-    }
-    break;
-    default :
-      name = "";
+      break;
+      case DTM.ATTRIBUTE_NODE :
+      case DTM.ELEMENT_NODE :
+      case DTM.ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE :
+      case DTM.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE : {
+        Node node = getNode(nodeHandle);
+
+        // assume not null.
+        name = node.getNodeName();
+      }
+      break;
+      default :
+        name = "";
     }
 
     return name;
@@ -1056,29 +1056,29 @@ else if (PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE == nexttype) {
     short type = getNodeType(nodeHandle);
 
     switch (type) {
-    case DTM.NAMESPACE_NODE : {
-      Node node = getNode(nodeHandle);
+      case DTM.NAMESPACE_NODE : {
+        Node node = getNode(nodeHandle);
 
-      // assume not null.
-      String qname = node.getNodeName();
-      int index = qname.indexOf(':');
+        // assume not null.
+        String qname = node.getNodeName();
+        int index = qname.indexOf(':');
 
-      prefix = (index < 0) ? "" : qname.substring(index + 1);
-    }
-    break;
-    case DTM.ATTRIBUTE_NODE :
-    case DTM.ELEMENT_NODE : {
-      Node node = getNode(nodeHandle);
+        prefix = (index < 0) ? "" : qname.substring(index + 1);
+      }
+      break;
+      case DTM.ATTRIBUTE_NODE :
+      case DTM.ELEMENT_NODE : {
+        Node node = getNode(nodeHandle);
 
-      // assume not null.
-      String qname = node.getNodeName();
-      int index = qname.indexOf(':');
+        // assume not null.
+        String qname = node.getNodeName();
+        int index = qname.indexOf(':');
 
-      prefix = (index < 0) ? "" : qname.substring(0, index);
-    }
-    break;
-    default :
-      prefix = "";
+        prefix = (index < 0) ? "" : qname.substring(0, index);
+      }
+      break;
+      default :
+        prefix = "";
     }
 
     return prefix;
@@ -1616,38 +1616,38 @@ else if (PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE == nexttype) {
   {
 
     switch (node.getNodeType()) {
-    case Node.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE :
-    case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE :
-    case Node.ELEMENT_NODE : {
-      for (Node child = node.getFirstChild(); null != child;
-           child = child.getNextSibling()) {
-        dispatchNodeData(child, ch, depth + 1);
-      }
-    }
-    break;
-    case Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE : // %REVIEW%
-    case Node.COMMENT_NODE :
-      if (0 != depth) {
-        break;
-      }
-    // NOTE: Because this operation works in the DOM space, it does _not_ attempt
-    // to perform Text Coalition. That should only be done in DTM space.
-    case Node.TEXT_NODE :
-    case Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE :
-    case Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE :
-      String str = node.getNodeValue();
-      if (ch instanceof org.apache.xml.dtm.ref.dom2dtm.DOM2DTM.CharacterNodeHandler) {
-        ((org.apache.xml.dtm.ref.dom2dtm.DOM2DTM.CharacterNodeHandler)ch).characters(node);
-      } else {
-        ch.characters(str.toCharArray(), 0, str.length());
+      case Node.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE :
+      case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE :
+      case Node.ELEMENT_NODE : {
+        for (Node child = node.getFirstChild(); null != child;
+             child = child.getNextSibling()) {
+          dispatchNodeData(child, ch, depth + 1);
+        }
       }
       break;
+      case Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE : // %REVIEW%
+      case Node.COMMENT_NODE :
+        if (0 != depth) {
+          break;
+        }
+      // NOTE: Because this operation works in the DOM space, it does _not_ attempt
+      // to perform Text Coalition. That should only be done in DTM space.
+      case Node.TEXT_NODE :
+      case Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE :
+      case Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE :
+        String str = node.getNodeValue();
+        if (ch instanceof org.apache.xml.dtm.ref.dom2dtm.DOM2DTM.CharacterNodeHandler) {
+          ((org.apache.xml.dtm.ref.dom2dtm.DOM2DTM.CharacterNodeHandler)ch).characters(node);
+        } else {
+          ch.characters(str.toCharArray(), 0, str.length());
+        }
+        break;
 //    /* case Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE :
 //      // warning(XPATHErrorResources.WG_PARSING_AND_PREPARING);
 //      break; */
-    default :
-      // ignore
-      break;
+      default :
+        // ignore
+        break;
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/dom2dtm/DOM2DTMdefaultNamespaceDeclarationNode.java b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/dom2dtm/DOM2DTMdefaultNamespaceDeclarationNode.java
index a2a720ab20..232deb653d 100644
--- a/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/dom2dtm/DOM2DTMdefaultNamespaceDeclarationNode.java
+++ b/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/dom2dtm/DOM2DTMdefaultNamespaceDeclarationNode.java
@@ -354,81 +354,81 @@ else if (!getBaseURI().equals(((NodeImpl) arg).getBaseURI())) {
   {
     short type = this.getNodeType();
     switch (type) {
-    case Node.ELEMENT_NODE : {
-
-      String namespace = this.getNamespaceURI();
-      String prefix = this.getPrefix();
-      if (namespace != null) {
-        // REVISIT: is it possible that prefix is empty string?
-        if (specifiedPrefix == null && prefix == specifiedPrefix) {
-          // looking for default namespace
-          return namespace;
-        } else if (prefix != null && prefix.equals(specifiedPrefix)) {
-          // non default namespace
-          return namespace;
+      case Node.ELEMENT_NODE : {
+
+        String namespace = this.getNamespaceURI();
+        String prefix = this.getPrefix();
+        if (namespace != null) {
+          // REVISIT: is it possible that prefix is empty string?
+          if (specifiedPrefix == null && prefix == specifiedPrefix) {
+            // looking for default namespace
+            return namespace;
+          } else if (prefix != null && prefix.equals(specifiedPrefix)) {
+            // non default namespace
+            return namespace;
+          }
         }
-      }
-      if (this.hasAttributes()) {
-        NamedNodeMap map = this.getAttributes();
-        int length = map.getLength();
-        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
-          Node attr = map.item(i);
-          String attrPrefix = attr.getPrefix();
-          String value = attr.getNodeValue();
-          namespace = attr.getNamespaceURI();
-          if (namespace != null && namespace.equals("http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/")) {
-            // at this point we are dealing with DOM Level 2 nodes only
-            if (specifiedPrefix == null &&
-                attr.getNodeName().equals("xmlns")) {
-              // default namespace
-              return value;
-            } else if (attrPrefix != null &&
-                       attrPrefix.equals("xmlns") &&
-                       attr.getLocalName().equals(specifiedPrefix)) {
-              // non default namespace
-              return value;
+        if (this.hasAttributes()) {
+          NamedNodeMap map = this.getAttributes();
+          int length = map.getLength();
+          for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+            Node attr = map.item(i);
+            String attrPrefix = attr.getPrefix();
+            String value = attr.getNodeValue();
+            namespace = attr.getNamespaceURI();
+            if (namespace != null && namespace.equals("http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/")) {
+              // at this point we are dealing with DOM Level 2 nodes only
+              if (specifiedPrefix == null &&
+                  attr.getNodeName().equals("xmlns")) {
+                // default namespace
+                return value;
+              } else if (attrPrefix != null &&
+                         attrPrefix.equals("xmlns") &&
+                         attr.getLocalName().equals(specifiedPrefix)) {
+                // non default namespace
+                return value;
+              }
             }
           }
         }
-      }
-      /*
-      NodeImpl ancestor = (NodeImpl)getElementAncestor(this);
-      if (ancestor != null) {
-          return ancestor.lookupNamespaceURI(specifiedPrefix);
-      }
-      */
+        /*
+        NodeImpl ancestor = (NodeImpl)getElementAncestor(this);
+        if (ancestor != null) {
+            return ancestor.lookupNamespaceURI(specifiedPrefix);
+        }
+        */
 
-      return null;
+        return null;
 
 
-    }
-    /*
-            case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE : {
-                    return((NodeImpl)((Document)this).getDocumentElement()).lookupNamespaceURI(specifiedPrefix) ;
-                }
-    */
-    case Node.ENTITY_NODE :
-    case Node.NOTATION_NODE:
-    case Node.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE:
-    case Node.DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE:
-      // type is unknown
-      return null;
-    case Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE: {
-      if (this.getOwnerElement().getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
-        return getOwnerElement().lookupNamespaceURI(specifiedPrefix);
-
       }
-      return null;
-    }
-    default: {
       /*
-           NodeImpl ancestor = (NodeImpl)getElementAncestor(this);
-           if (ancestor != null) {
-               return ancestor.lookupNamespaceURI(specifiedPrefix);
-           }
-        */
-      return null;
-    }
+              case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE : {
+                      return((NodeImpl)((Document)this).getDocumentElement()).lookupNamespaceURI(specifiedPrefix) ;
+                  }
+      */
+      case Node.ENTITY_NODE :
+      case Node.NOTATION_NODE:
+      case Node.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE:
+      case Node.DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE:
+        // type is unknown
+        return null;
+      case Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE: {
+        if (this.getOwnerElement().getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
+          return getOwnerElement().lookupNamespaceURI(specifiedPrefix);
+
+        }
+        return null;
+      }
+      default: {
+        /*
+             NodeImpl ancestor = (NodeImpl)getElementAncestor(this);
+             if (ancestor != null) {
+                 return ancestor.lookupNamespaceURI(specifiedPrefix);
+             }
+          */
+        return null;
+      }
 
     }
   }
@@ -531,39 +531,39 @@ else if (!getBaseURI().equals(((NodeImpl) arg).getBaseURI())) {
     short type = this.getNodeType();
 
     switch (type) {
-    /*
-            case Node.ELEMENT_NODE: {
+      /*
+              case Node.ELEMENT_NODE: {
 
-                    String namespace = this.getNamespaceURI(); // to flip out children
-                    return lookupNamespacePrefix(namespaceURI, (ElementImpl)this);
-                }
+                      String namespace = this.getNamespaceURI(); // to flip out children
+                      return lookupNamespacePrefix(namespaceURI, (ElementImpl)this);
+                  }
 
-            case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE:{
-                    return((NodeImpl)((Document)this).getDocumentElement()).lookupPrefix(namespaceURI);
-                }
-    */
-    case Node.ENTITY_NODE :
-    case Node.NOTATION_NODE:
-    case Node.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE:
-    case Node.DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE:
-      // type is unknown
-      return null;
-    case Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE: {
-      if (this.getOwnerElement().getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
-        return getOwnerElement().lookupPrefix(namespaceURI);
+              case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE:{
+                      return((NodeImpl)((Document)this).getDocumentElement()).lookupPrefix(namespaceURI);
+                  }
+      */
+      case Node.ENTITY_NODE :
+      case Node.NOTATION_NODE:
+      case Node.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE:
+      case Node.DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE:
+        // type is unknown
+        return null;
+      case Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE: {
+        if (this.getOwnerElement().getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
+          return getOwnerElement().lookupPrefix(namespaceURI);
 
+        }
+        return null;
+      }
+      default: {
+        /*
+                        NodeImpl ancestor = (NodeImpl)getElementAncestor(this);
+                        if (ancestor != null) {
+                            return ancestor.lookupPrefix(namespaceURI);
+                        }
+        */
+        return null;
       }
-      return null;
-    }
-    default: {
-      /*
-                      NodeImpl ancestor = (NodeImpl)getElementAncestor(this);
-                      if (ancestor != null) {
-                          return ancestor.lookupPrefix(namespaceURI);
-                      }
-      */
-      return null;
-    }
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/depend b/ext/nokogiri/depend
index 61659f7864..24f5908865 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/depend
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/depend
@@ -1,37 +1,38 @@
 # -*-makefile-*-
 # DO NOT DELETE
 
-html_document.o: ./nokogiri.h
-html_element_description.o: ./nokogiri.h
-html_entity_lookup.o: ./nokogiri.h
-html_sax_parser_context.o: ./nokogiri.h
-html_sax_push_parser.o: ./nokogiri.h
-libxml2_backwards_compat.o: ./nokogiri.h
-nokogiri.o: ./nokogiri.h
-test_global_handlers.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_attr.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_attribute_decl.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_cdata.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_comment.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_document.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_document_fragment.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_dtd.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_element_content.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_element_decl.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_encoding_handler.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_entity_decl.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_entity_reference.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_namespace.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_node.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_node_set.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_processing_instruction.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_reader.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_relax_ng.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_sax_parser.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_sax_parser_context.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_sax_push_parser.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_schema.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_syntax_error.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_text.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xml_xpath_context.o: ./nokogiri.h
-xslt_stylesheet.o: ./nokogiri.h
+gumbo.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+html_document.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+html_element_description.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+html_entity_lookup.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+html_sax_parser_context.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+html_sax_push_parser.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+libxml2_backwards_compat.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+nokogiri.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+test_global_handlers.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_attr.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_attribute_decl.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_cdata.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_comment.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_document.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_document_fragment.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_dtd.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_element_content.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_element_decl.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_encoding_handler.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_entity_decl.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_entity_reference.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_namespace.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_node.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_node_set.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_processing_instruction.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_reader.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_relax_ng.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_sax_parser.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_sax_parser_context.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_sax_push_parser.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_schema.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_syntax_error.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_text.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xml_xpath_context.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
+xslt_stylesheet.o: $(srcdir)/nokogiri.h
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/extconf.rb b/ext/nokogiri/extconf.rb
index b08c3ced1f..3000148418 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/extconf.rb
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/extconf.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-ENV['RC_ARCHS'] = '' if RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /darwin/
+
+# rubocop:disable Style/GlobalVars
+
+ENV["RC_ARCHS"] = "" if RUBY_PLATFORM.include?("darwin")
 
 require "mkmf"
 require "rbconfig"
@@ -8,20 +11,18 @@
 require "pathname"
 
 # helpful constants
-PACKAGE_ROOT_DIR = File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), '..', '..'))
+PACKAGE_ROOT_DIR = File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "..", ".."))
 REQUIRED_LIBXML_VERSION = "2.6.21"
 RECOMMENDED_LIBXML_VERSION = "2.9.3"
 
-# The gem version constraint in the Rakefile is not respected at install time.
-# Keep this version in sync with the one in the Rakefile !
-REQUIRED_MINI_PORTILE_VERSION = "~> 2.5.0"
+REQUIRED_MINI_PORTILE_VERSION = "~> 2.8.0" # keep this version in sync with the one in the gemspec
 REQUIRED_PKG_CONFIG_VERSION = "~> 1.1"
 
 # Keep track of what versions of what libraries we build against
 OTHER_LIBRARY_VERSIONS = {}
 
 NOKOGIRI_HELP_MESSAGE = <<~HELP
-  USAGE: ruby #{$0} [options]
+  USAGE: ruby #{$PROGRAM_NAME} [options]
 
     Flags that are always valid:
 
@@ -91,6 +92,9 @@
         --with-xml2-include=DIRECTORY
             Look for xml2 headers in DIRECTORY.
 
+        --with-xml2-source-dir=DIRECTORY
+            (dev only) Build libxml2 from the source code in DIRECTORY
+
 
       Related to libxslt:
 
@@ -103,6 +107,9 @@
         --with-xslt-include=DIRECTORY
             Look for xslt headers in DIRECTORY.
 
+        --with-xslt-source-dir=DIRECTORY
+            (dev only) Build libxslt from the source code in DIRECTORY
+
 
       Related to libexslt:
 
@@ -150,7 +157,7 @@
 #  utility functions
 #
 def config_clean?
-  enable_config('clean', true)
+  enable_config("clean", true)
 end
 
 def config_static?
@@ -164,28 +171,28 @@ def config_cross_build?
 
 def config_system_libraries?
   enable_config("system-libraries", ENV.key?("NOKOGIRI_USE_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES")) do |_, default|
-    arg_config('--use-system-libraries', default)
+    arg_config("--use-system-libraries", default)
   end
 end
 
 def windows?
-  RbConfig::CONFIG['target_os'] =~ /mingw32|mswin/
+  RbConfig::CONFIG["target_os"].match?(/mingw|mswin/)
 end
 
 def solaris?
-  RbConfig::CONFIG['target_os'] =~ /solaris/
+  RbConfig::CONFIG["target_os"].include?("solaris")
 end
 
 def darwin?
-  RbConfig::CONFIG['target_os'] =~ /darwin/
+  RbConfig::CONFIG["target_os"].include?("darwin")
 end
 
 def openbsd?
-  RbConfig::CONFIG['target_os'] =~ /openbsd/
+  RbConfig::CONFIG["target_os"].include?("openbsd")
 end
 
 def aix?
-  RbConfig::CONFIG["target_os"] =~ /aix/
+  RbConfig::CONFIG["target_os"].include?("aix")
 end
 
 def nix?
@@ -193,7 +200,7 @@ def nix?
 end
 
 def truffle?
-  ::RUBY_ENGINE == 'truffleruby'
+  ::RUBY_ENGINE == "truffleruby"
 end
 
 def concat_flags(*args)
@@ -204,6 +211,18 @@ def local_have_library(lib, func = nil, headers = nil)
   have_library(lib, func, headers) || have_library("lib#{lib}", func, headers)
 end
 
+def gnome_source
+  # As of 2022-02-20, some mirrors have expired SSL certificates. I'm able to retrieve from my home,
+  # but whatever host is resolved on the github actions workers see an expired cert.
+  #
+  # See https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/runs/5266206403?check_suite_focus=true
+  if ENV["NOKOGIRI_USE_CANONICAL_GNOME_SOURCE"]
+    "https://download.gnome.org"
+  else
+    "https://mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/gnome" # old reliable
+  end
+end
+
 LOCAL_PACKAGE_RESPONSE = Object.new
 def LOCAL_PACKAGE_RESPONSE.%(package)
   package ? "yes: #{package}" : "no"
@@ -222,9 +241,9 @@ def try_package_configuration(pc)
   # let's fall back to the pkg-config gem, which knows how to parse .pc files, and wrap it with the
   # same logic as MakeMakefile#pkg_config
   begin
-    require 'rubygems'
-    gem('pkg-config', REQUIRED_PKG_CONFIG_VERSION)
-    require 'pkg-config'
+    require "rubygems"
+    gem("pkg-config", REQUIRED_PKG_CONFIG_VERSION)
+    require "pkg-config"
 
     checking_for("#{pc} using pkg-config gem version #{PKGConfig::VERSION}", LOCAL_PACKAGE_RESPONSE) do
       if PKGConfig.have_package(pc)
@@ -278,17 +297,16 @@ def preserving_globals
 end
 
 def abort_could_not_find_library(lib)
-  abort("-----\n#{caller[0]}\n#{lib} is missing. Please locate mkmf.log to investigate how it is failing.\n-----")
+  callers = caller(1..2).join("\n")
+  abort("-----\n#{callers}\n#{lib} is missing. Please locate mkmf.log to investigate how it is failing.\n-----")
 end
 
-def chdir_for_build
+def chdir_for_build(&block)
   # When using rake-compiler-dock on Windows, the underlying Virtualbox shared
   # folders don't support symlinks, but libiconv expects it for a build on
   # Linux. We work around this limitation by using the temp dir for cooking.
-  build_dir = ENV['RCD_HOST_RUBY_PLATFORM'].to_s =~ /mingw|mswin|cygwin/ ? '/tmp' : '.'
-  Dir.chdir(build_dir) do
-    yield
-  end
+  build_dir = /mingw|mswin|cygwin/.match?(ENV["RCD_HOST_RUBY_PLATFORM"].to_s) ? "/tmp" : "."
+  Dir.chdir(build_dir, &block)
 end
 
 def sh_export_path(path)
@@ -339,8 +357,8 @@ def have_libxml_headers?(version = nil)
 end
 
 def try_link_iconv(using = nil)
-  checking_for(using ? "iconv using #{using}" : 'iconv') do
-    ['', '-liconv'].any? do |opt|
+  checking_for(using ? "iconv using #{using}" : "iconv") do
+    ["", "-liconv"].any? do |opt|
       preserving_globals do
         yield if block_given?
 
@@ -364,6 +382,7 @@ def iconv_configure_flags
   ["iconv", "opt"].each do |target|
     config = preserving_globals { dir_config(target) }
     next unless config.any? && try_link_iconv("--with-#{target}-* flags") { dir_config(target) }
+
     idirs, ldirs = config.map do |dirs|
       Array(dirs).flat_map do |dir|
         dir.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)
@@ -371,22 +390,22 @@ def iconv_configure_flags
     end
 
     return [
-      '--with-iconv=yes',
-      *("CPPFLAGS=#{idirs.map { |dir| '-I' + dir }.join(' ')}" if idirs),
-      *("LDFLAGS=#{ldirs.map { |dir| '-L' + dir }.join(' ')}" if ldirs),
+      "--with-iconv=yes",
+      *("CPPFLAGS=#{idirs.map { |dir| "-I" + dir }.join(" ")}" if idirs),
+      *("LDFLAGS=#{ldirs.map { |dir| "-L" + dir }.join(" ")}" if ldirs),
     ]
   end
 
   if try_link_iconv
-    return ['--with-iconv=yes']
+    return ["--with-iconv=yes"]
   end
 
-  config = preserving_globals { have_package_configuration('libiconv') }
-  if config && try_link_iconv('pkg-config libiconv') { have_package_configuration('libiconv') }
+  config = preserving_globals { have_package_configuration("libiconv") }
+  if config && try_link_iconv("pkg-config libiconv") { have_package_configuration("libiconv") }
     cflags, ldflags, libs = config
 
     return [
-      '--with-iconv=yes',
+      "--with-iconv=yes",
       "CPPFLAGS=#{cflags}",
       "LDFLAGS=#{ldflags}",
       "LIBS=#{libs}",
@@ -396,23 +415,26 @@ def iconv_configure_flags
   abort_could_not_find_library("libiconv")
 end
 
-def process_recipe(name, version, static_p, cross_p)
-  require 'rubygems'
-  gem('mini_portile2', REQUIRED_MINI_PORTILE_VERSION)
-  require 'mini_portile2'
+def process_recipe(name, version, static_p, cross_p, cacheable_p = true)
+  require "rubygems"
+  gem("mini_portile2", REQUIRED_MINI_PORTILE_VERSION) # gemspec is not respected at install time
+  require "mini_portile2"
   message("Using mini_portile version #{MiniPortile::VERSION}\n")
 
-  if name != "libxml2" && name != "libxslt"
+  unless ["libxml2", "libxslt"].include?(name)
     OTHER_LIBRARY_VERSIONS[name] = version
   end
 
   MiniPortile.new(name, version).tap do |recipe|
-    recipe.target = File.join(PACKAGE_ROOT_DIR, "ports")
-    # Prefer host_alias over host in order to use i586-mingw32msvc as
-    # correct compiler prefix for cross build, but use host if not set.
+    def recipe.port_path
+      "#{@target}/#{RUBY_PLATFORM}/#{@name}/#{@version}"
+    end
+
+    recipe.target = File.join(PACKAGE_ROOT_DIR, "ports") if cacheable_p
+    # Prefer host_alias over host in order to use the correct compiler prefix for cross build, but
+    # use host if not set.
     recipe.host = RbConfig::CONFIG["host_alias"].empty? ? RbConfig::CONFIG["host"] : RbConfig::CONFIG["host_alias"]
-    recipe.patch_files = Dir[File.join(PACKAGE_ROOT_DIR, "patches", name, "*.patch")].sort
-    recipe.configure_options << "--libdir=#{File.join(recipe.path, 'lib')}"
+    recipe.configure_options << "--libdir=#{File.join(recipe.path, "lib")}"
 
     yield recipe
 
@@ -456,10 +478,10 @@ def process_recipe(name, version, static_p, cross_p)
       ]
     end
 
-    if RbConfig::CONFIG['target_cpu'] == 'universal'
-      %w[CFLAGS LDFLAGS].each do |key|
-        unless env[key].include?('-arch')
-          env[key] = concat_flags(env[key], RbConfig::CONFIG['ARCH_FLAG'])
+    if RbConfig::CONFIG["target_cpu"] == "universal"
+      ["CFLAGS", "LDFLAGS"].each do |key|
+        unless env[key].include?("-arch")
+          env[key] = concat_flags(env[key], RbConfig::CONFIG["ARCH_FLAG"])
         end
       end
     end
@@ -468,8 +490,8 @@ def process_recipe(name, version, static_p, cross_p)
       "#{key}=#{value.strip}"
     end
 
-    checkpoint = "#{recipe.target}/#{recipe.name}-#{recipe.version}-#{recipe.host}.installed"
-    if File.exist?(checkpoint)
+    checkpoint = "#{recipe.target}/#{recipe.name}-#{recipe.version}-#{RUBY_PLATFORM}.installed"
+    if File.exist?(checkpoint) && !recipe.source_directory
       message("Building Nokogiri with a packaged version of #{name}-#{version}.\n")
     else
       message(<<~EOM)
@@ -482,11 +504,11 @@ def process_recipe(name, version, static_p, cross_p)
         message("The following patches are being applied:\n")
 
         recipe.patch_files.each do |patch|
-          message("  - %s\n" % File.basename(patch))
+          message(format("  - %s\n", File.basename(patch)))
         end
       end
 
-      message(<<~EOM)
+      message(<<~EOM) if name != "libgumbo"
 
         The Nokogiri maintainers intend to provide timely security updates, but if
         this is a concern for you and want to use your OS/distro system library
@@ -497,15 +519,14 @@ def process_recipe(name, version, static_p, cross_p)
 
       EOM
 
-      message(<<~EOM) if name == 'libxml2'
-        Note, however, that nokogiri cannot guarantee compatiblity with every
+      message(<<~EOM) if name == "libxml2"
+        Note, however, that nokogiri cannot guarantee compatibility with every
         version of libxml2 that may be provided by OS/package vendors.
 
       EOM
 
-      chdir_for_build do
-        recipe.cook
-      end
+      pp(recipe.files)
+      chdir_for_build { recipe.cook }
       FileUtils.touch(checkpoint)
     end
     recipe.activate
@@ -516,7 +537,7 @@ def copy_packaged_libraries_headers(to_path:, from_recipes:)
   FileUtils.rm_rf(to_path, secure: true)
   FileUtils.mkdir(to_path)
   from_recipes.each do |recipe|
-    FileUtils.cp_r(Dir[File.join(recipe.path, 'include/*')], to_path)
+    FileUtils.cp_r(Dir[File.join(recipe.path, "include/*")], to_path)
   end
 end
 
@@ -530,22 +551,22 @@ def do_clean
   pwd  = Pathname(Dir.pwd)
 
   # Skip if this is a development work tree
-  unless (root + '.git').exist?
+  unless (root + ".git").exist?
     message("Cleaning files only used during build.\n")
 
     # (root + 'tmp') cannot be removed at this stage because
     # nokogiri.so is yet to be copied to lib.
 
     # clean the ports build directory
-    Pathname.glob(pwd.join('tmp', '*', 'ports')) do |dir|
+    Pathname.glob(pwd.join("tmp", "*", "ports")) do |dir|
       FileUtils.rm_rf(dir, verbose: true)
     end
 
     if config_static?
       # ports installation can be safely removed if statically linked.
-      FileUtils.rm_rf(root + 'ports', verbose: true)
+      FileUtils.rm_rf(root + "ports", verbose: true)
     else
-      FileUtils.rm_rf(root + 'ports' + 'archives', verbose: true)
+      FileUtils.rm_rf(root + "ports" + "archives", verbose: true)
     end
   end
 
@@ -555,25 +576,25 @@ def do_clean
 #
 #  main
 #
-do_help if arg_config('--help')
-do_clean if arg_config('--clean')
+do_help if arg_config("--help")
+do_clean if arg_config("--clean")
 
 if openbsd? && !config_system_libraries?
-  if %x(#{ENV['CC'] || '/usr/bin/cc'} -v 2>&1) !~ /clang/
-    (ENV['CC'] ||= find_executable('egcc')) ||
+  if %x(#{ENV["CC"] || "/usr/bin/cc"} -v 2>&1) !~ /clang/
+    (ENV["CC"] ||= find_executable("egcc")) ||
       abort("Please install gcc 4.9+ from ports using `pkg_add -v gcc`")
   end
   append_cppflags "-I/usr/local/include"
 end
 
-if ENV['CC']
-  RbConfig::CONFIG['CC'] = RbConfig::MAKEFILE_CONFIG['CC'] = ENV['CC']
+if ENV["CC"]
+  RbConfig::CONFIG["CC"] = RbConfig::MAKEFILE_CONFIG["CC"] = ENV["CC"]
 end
 
 # use same c compiler for libxml and libxslt
-ENV['CC'] = RbConfig::CONFIG['CC']
+ENV["CC"] = RbConfig::CONFIG["CC"]
 
-if arg_config('--prevent-strip')
+if arg_config("--prevent-strip")
   old_cflags = $CFLAGS.split.join(" ")
   old_ldflags = $LDFLAGS.split.join(" ")
   old_dldflags = $DLDFLAGS.split.join(" ")
@@ -591,6 +612,10 @@ def do_clean
 append_ldflags(ENV["LDFLAGS"].split) unless ENV["LDFLAGS"].nil?
 $LIBS = concat_flags($LIBS, ENV["LIBS"])
 
+# nokogumbo code uses C90/C99 features, let's make sure older compilers won't give
+# errors/warnings. see #2302
+append_cflags(["-std=c99", "-Wno-declaration-after-statement"])
+
 # always include debugging information
 append_cflags("-g")
 
@@ -619,13 +644,13 @@ def do_clean
 if config_system_libraries?
   message "Building nokogiri using system libraries.\n"
   ensure_package_configuration(opt: "zlib", pc: "zlib", lib: "z",
-                               headers: "zlib.h", func: "gzdopen")
+    headers: "zlib.h", func: "gzdopen")
   ensure_package_configuration(opt: "xml2", pc: "libxml-2.0", lib: "xml2",
-                               headers: "libxml/parser.h", func: "xmlParseDoc")
+    headers: "libxml/parser.h", func: "xmlParseDoc")
   ensure_package_configuration(opt: "xslt", pc: "libxslt", lib: "xslt",
-                               headers: "libxslt/xslt.h", func: "xsltParseStylesheetDoc")
+    headers: "libxslt/xslt.h", func: "xsltParseStylesheetDoc")
   ensure_package_configuration(opt: "exslt", pc: "libexslt", lib: "exslt",
-                               headers: "libexslt/exslt.h", func: "exsltFuncRegister")
+    headers: "libexslt/exslt.h", func: "exsltFuncRegister")
 
   have_libxml_headers?(REQUIRED_LIBXML_VERSION) ||
     abort("ERROR: libxml2 version #{REQUIRED_LIBXML_VERSION} or later is required!")
@@ -636,20 +661,20 @@ def do_clean
   message "Building nokogiri using packaged libraries.\n"
 
   static_p = config_static?
-  message "Static linking is #{static_p ? 'enabled' : 'disabled'}.\n"
+  message "Static linking is #{static_p ? "enabled" : "disabled"}.\n"
 
   cross_build_p = config_cross_build?
-  message "Cross build is #{cross_build_p ? 'enabled' : 'disabled'}.\n"
+  message "Cross build is #{cross_build_p ? "enabled" : "disabled"}.\n"
 
-  require 'yaml'
+  require "yaml"
   dependencies = YAML.load_file(File.join(PACKAGE_ROOT_DIR, "dependencies.yml"))
 
-  dir_config('zlib')
+  dir_config("zlib")
 
   if cross_build_p || windows?
     zlib_recipe = process_recipe("zlib", dependencies["zlib"]["version"], static_p, cross_build_p) do |recipe|
       recipe.files = [{
-        url: "http://zlib.net/fossils/#{recipe.name}-#{recipe.version}.tar.gz",
+        url: "https://zlib.net/fossils/#{recipe.name}-#{recipe.version}.tar.gz",
         sha256: dependencies["zlib"]["sha256"],
       }]
       if windows?
@@ -658,8 +683,8 @@ class << recipe
 
           def configure
             Dir.chdir(work_path) do
-              mk = File.read('win32/Makefile.gcc')
-              File.open('win32/Makefile.gcc', 'wb') do |f|
+              mk = File.read("win32/Makefile.gcc")
+              File.open("win32/Makefile.gcc", "wb") do |f|
                 f.puts "BINARY_PATH = #{path}/bin"
                 f.puts "LIBRARY_PATH = #{path}/lib"
                 f.puts "INCLUDE_PATH = #{path}/include"
@@ -671,7 +696,7 @@ def configure
 
           def configured?
             Dir.chdir(work_path) do
-              !!(File.read('win32/Makefile.gcc') =~ /^BINARY_PATH/)
+              !!(File.read("win32/Makefile.gcc") =~ /^BINARY_PATH/)
             end
           end
 
@@ -687,16 +712,16 @@ def install
       else
         class << recipe
           def configure
-            cflags = concat_flags(ENV["CFLAGS"], "-fPIC", "-g")
-            execute("configure",
-["env", "CHOST=#{host}", "CFLAGS=#{cflags}", "./configure", "--static", configure_prefix])
-          end
-
-          def compile
-            if host =~ /darwin/
-              execute("compile", "make AR=#{host}-libtool")
-            else
-              super
+            env = {}
+            env["CFLAGS"] = concat_flags(ENV["CFLAGS"], "-fPIC", "-g")
+            env["CHOST"] = host
+            execute("configure", ["./configure", "--static", configure_prefix], { env: env })
+            if darwin?
+              # needed as of zlib 1.2.13
+              Dir.chdir(work_path) do
+                makefile = File.read("Makefile").gsub(/^AR=.*$/, "AR=#{host}-libtool")
+                File.open("Makefile", "w") { |m| m.write(makefile) }
+              end
             end
           end
         end
@@ -705,15 +730,19 @@ def compile
 
     unless nix?
       libiconv_recipe = process_recipe("libiconv", dependencies["libiconv"]["version"], static_p,
-cross_build_p) do |recipe|
+        cross_build_p) do |recipe|
         recipe.files = [{
-          url: "http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/#{recipe.name}-#{recipe.version}.tar.gz",
+          url: "https://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/#{recipe.name}-#{recipe.version}.tar.gz",
           sha256: dependencies["libiconv"]["sha256"],
         }]
 
+        # The libiconv configure script doesn't accept "arm64" host string but "aarch64"
+        recipe.host = recipe.host.gsub("arm64-apple-darwin", "aarch64-apple-darwin")
+
         cflags = concat_flags(ENV["CFLAGS"], "-O2", "-U_FORTIFY_SOURCE", "-g")
 
         recipe.configure_options += [
+          "--disable-dependency-tracking",
           "CPPFLAGS=-Wall",
           "CFLAGS=#{cflags}",
           "CXXFLAGS=#{cflags}",
@@ -721,7 +750,7 @@ def compile
         ]
       end
     end
-  elsif darwin? && !have_header('iconv.h')
+  elsif darwin? && !have_header("iconv.h")
     abort(<<~EOM.chomp)
       -----
       The file "iconv.h" is missing in your build environment,
@@ -733,25 +762,40 @@ def compile
       Tools" to open the developer site, download the installer for your OS
       version and run it.
       -----
-      EOM
+    EOM
   end
 
-  unless windows?
-    preserving_globals { local_have_library('z', 'gzdopen', 'zlib.h') } ||
-      abort('zlib is missing; necessary for building libxml2')
+  if zlib_recipe
+    append_cppflags("-I#{zlib_recipe.path}/include")
+    $LIBPATH = ["#{zlib_recipe.path}/lib"] | $LIBPATH
+    ensure_package_configuration(opt: "zlib", pc: "zlib", lib: "z",
+      headers: "zlib.h", func: "gzdopen")
+  end
+
+  if libiconv_recipe
+    append_cppflags("-I#{libiconv_recipe.path}/include")
+    $LIBPATH = ["#{libiconv_recipe.path}/lib"] | $LIBPATH
+    ensure_package_configuration(opt: "iconv", pc: "iconv", lib: "iconv",
+      headers: "iconv.h", func: "iconv_open")
   end
 
   libxml2_recipe = process_recipe("libxml2", dependencies["libxml2"]["version"], static_p, cross_build_p) do |recipe|
-    recipe.files = [{
-      url: "http://xmlsoft.org/sources/#{recipe.name}-#{recipe.version}.tar.gz",
-      sha256: dependencies["libxml2"]["sha256"],
-    }]
+    source_dir = arg_config("--with-xml2-source-dir")
+    if source_dir
+      recipe.source_directory = source_dir
+    else
+      minor_version = Gem::Version.new(recipe.version).segments.take(2).join(".")
+      recipe.files = [{
+        url: "#{gnome_source}/sources/libxml2/#{minor_version}/#{recipe.name}-#{recipe.version}.tar.xz",
+        sha256: dependencies["libxml2"]["sha256"],
+      }]
+      recipe.patch_files = Dir[File.join(PACKAGE_ROOT_DIR, "patches", "libxml2", "*.patch")].sort
+    end
 
     cflags = concat_flags(ENV["CFLAGS"], "-O2", "-U_FORTIFY_SOURCE", "-g")
 
     if zlib_recipe
       recipe.configure_options << "--with-zlib=#{zlib_recipe.path}"
-      cflags = concat_flags(cflags, "-I#{zlib_recipe.path}/include")
     end
 
     if libiconv_recipe
@@ -768,6 +812,12 @@ def compile
       cflags = concat_flags(cflags, "-ULIBXML_STATIC", "-DIN_LIBXML")
     end
 
+    recipe.configure_options << if source_dir
+      "--config-cache"
+    else
+      "--disable-dependency-tracking"
+    end
+
     recipe.configure_options += [
       "--without-python",
       "--without-readline",
@@ -779,10 +829,17 @@ def compile
   end
 
   libxslt_recipe = process_recipe("libxslt", dependencies["libxslt"]["version"], static_p, cross_build_p) do |recipe|
-    recipe.files = [{
-      url: "http://xmlsoft.org/sources/#{recipe.name}-#{recipe.version}.tar.gz",
-      sha256: dependencies["libxslt"]["sha256"],
-    }]
+    source_dir = arg_config("--with-xslt-source-dir")
+    if source_dir
+      recipe.source_directory = source_dir
+    else
+      minor_version = Gem::Version.new(recipe.version).segments.take(2).join(".")
+      recipe.files = [{
+        url: "#{gnome_source}/sources/libxslt/#{minor_version}/#{recipe.name}-#{recipe.version}.tar.xz",
+        sha256: dependencies["libxslt"]["sha256"],
+      }]
+      recipe.patch_files = Dir[File.join(PACKAGE_ROOT_DIR, "patches", "libxslt", "*.patch")].sort
+    end
 
     cflags = concat_flags(ENV["CFLAGS"], "-O2", "-U_FORTIFY_SOURCE", "-g")
 
@@ -790,6 +847,17 @@ def compile
       recipe.configure_options += ["RANLIB=/usr/bin/ranlib", "AR=/usr/bin/ar"]
     end
 
+    if windows?
+      cflags = concat_flags(cflags, "-ULIBXSLT_STATIC", "-DIN_LIBXSLT")
+      cflags = concat_flags(cflags, "-ULIBEXSLT_STATIC", "-DIN_LIBEXSLT")
+    end
+
+    recipe.configure_options << if source_dir
+      "--config-cache"
+    else
+      "--disable-dependency-tracking"
+    end
+
     recipe.configure_options += [
       "--without-python",
       "--without-crypto",
@@ -802,20 +870,17 @@ def compile
   append_cppflags("-DNOKOGIRI_PACKAGED_LIBRARIES")
   append_cppflags("-DNOKOGIRI_PRECOMPILED_LIBRARIES") if cross_build_p
 
-  $LIBPATH = ["#{zlib_recipe.path}/lib"] | $LIBPATH if zlib_recipe
-  $LIBPATH = ["#{libiconv_recipe.path}/lib"] | $LIBPATH if libiconv_recipe
-
   $libs = $libs.shellsplit.tap do |libs|
     [libxml2_recipe, libxslt_recipe].each do |recipe|
       libname = recipe.name[/\Alib(.+)\z/, 1]
       File.join(recipe.path, "bin", "#{libname}-config").tap do |config|
         # call config scripts explicit with 'sh' for compat with Windows
-        $CPPFLAGS = %x(sh #{config} --cflags).strip << ' ' << $CPPFLAGS
+        $CPPFLAGS = %x(sh #{config} --cflags).strip << " " << $CPPFLAGS
         %x(sh #{config} --libs).strip.shellsplit.each do |arg|
           case arg
           when /\A-L(.+)\z/
             # Prioritize ports' directories
-            $LIBPATH = if Regexp.last_match(1).start_with?(PACKAGE_ROOT_DIR + '/')
+            $LIBPATH = if Regexp.last_match(1).start_with?(PACKAGE_ROOT_DIR + "/")
               [Regexp.last_match(1)] | $LIBPATH
             else
               $LIBPATH | [Regexp.last_match(1)]
@@ -823,26 +888,26 @@ def compile
           when /\A-l./
             libs.unshift(arg)
           else
-            $LDFLAGS << ' ' << arg.shellescape
+            $LDFLAGS << " " << arg.shellescape
           end
         end
       end
 
-      patches_string = recipe.patch_files.map { |path| File.basename(path) }.join(' ')
+      patches_string = recipe.patch_files.map { |path| File.basename(path) }.join(" ")
       append_cppflags(%[-DNOKOGIRI_#{recipe.name.upcase}_PATCHES="\\\"#{patches_string}\\\""])
 
       case libname
-      when 'xml2'
+      when "xml2"
         # xslt-config --libs or pkg-config libxslt --libs does not include
         # -llzma, so we need to add it manually when linking statically.
-        if static_p && preserving_globals { local_have_library('lzma') }
+        if static_p && preserving_globals { local_have_library("lzma") }
           # Add it at the end; GH #988
-          libs << '-llzma'
+          libs << "-llzma"
         end
-      when 'xslt'
+      when "xslt"
         # xslt-config does not have a flag to emit options including
         # -lexslt, so add it manually.
-        libs.unshift('-lexslt')
+        libs.unshift("-lexslt")
       end
     end
   end.shelljoin
@@ -850,10 +915,10 @@ def compile
   if static_p
     $libs = $libs.shellsplit.map do |arg|
       case arg
-      when '-lxml2'
-        File.join(libxml2_recipe.path, 'lib', libflag_to_filename(arg))
-      when '-lxslt', '-lexslt'
-        File.join(libxslt_recipe.path, 'lib', libflag_to_filename(arg))
+      when "-lxml2"
+        File.join(libxml2_recipe.path, "lib", libflag_to_filename(arg))
+      when "-lxslt", "-lexslt"
+        File.join(libxslt_recipe.path, "lib", libflag_to_filename(arg))
       else
         arg
       end
@@ -865,14 +930,66 @@ def compile
   ensure_func("exsltFuncRegister", "libexslt/exslt.h")
 end
 
-have_func('xmlHasFeature') || abort("xmlHasFeature() is missing.") # introduced in libxml 2.6.21
-have_func('xmlFirstElementChild') # introduced in libxml 2.7.3
-have_func('xmlRelaxNGSetParserStructuredErrors') # introduced in libxml 2.6.24
-have_func('xmlRelaxNGSetValidStructuredErrors') # introduced in libxml 2.6.21
-have_func('xmlSchemaSetValidStructuredErrors') # introduced in libxml 2.6.23
-have_func('xmlSchemaSetParserStructuredErrors') # introduced in libxml 2.6.23
+libgumbo_recipe = process_recipe("libgumbo", "1.0.0-nokogiri", static_p, cross_build_p, false) do |recipe|
+  recipe.configure_options = []
+
+  class << recipe
+    def downloaded?
+      true
+    end
+
+    def extract
+      target = File.join(tmp_path, "gumbo-parser")
+      output("Copying gumbo-parser files into #{target}...")
+      FileUtils.mkdir_p(target)
+      FileUtils.cp(Dir.glob(File.join(PACKAGE_ROOT_DIR, "gumbo-parser/src/*")), target)
+    end
+
+    def configured?
+      true
+    end
+
+    def install
+      lib_dir = File.join(port_path, "lib")
+      inc_dir = File.join(port_path, "include")
+      FileUtils.mkdir_p([lib_dir, inc_dir])
+      FileUtils.cp(File.join(work_path, "libgumbo.a"), lib_dir)
+      FileUtils.cp(Dir.glob(File.join(work_path, "*.h")), inc_dir)
+    end
+
+    def compile
+      cflags = concat_flags(ENV["CFLAGS"], "-fPIC", "-g")
+
+      env = { "CC" => gcc_cmd, "CFLAGS" => cflags }
+      if config_cross_build?
+        if /darwin/.match?(host)
+          env["AR"] = "#{host}-libtool"
+          env["ARFLAGS"] = "-o"
+        else
+          env["AR"] = "#{host}-ar"
+        end
+        env["RANLIB"] = "#{host}-ranlib"
+      end
+
+      execute("compile", make_cmd, { env: env })
+    end
+  end
+end
+append_cppflags("-I#{File.join(libgumbo_recipe.path, "include")}")
+$libs = $libs + " " + File.join(libgumbo_recipe.path, "lib", "libgumbo.a")
+$LIBPATH = $LIBPATH | [File.join(libgumbo_recipe.path, "lib")]
+ensure_func("gumbo_parse_with_options", "gumbo.h")
+
+have_func("xmlHasFeature") || abort("xmlHasFeature() is missing.") # introduced in libxml 2.6.21
+have_func("xmlFirstElementChild") # introduced in libxml 2.7.3
+have_func("xmlRelaxNGSetParserStructuredErrors") # introduced in libxml 2.6.24
+have_func("xmlRelaxNGSetValidStructuredErrors") # introduced in libxml 2.6.21
+have_func("xmlSchemaSetValidStructuredErrors") # introduced in libxml 2.6.23
+have_func("xmlSchemaSetParserStructuredErrors") # introduced in libxml 2.6.23
+have_func("rb_gc_location") # introduced in Ruby 2.7
+have_func("rb_category_warning") # introduced in Ruby 3.0
 
-have_func('vasprintf')
+have_func("vasprintf")
 
 other_library_versions_string = OTHER_LIBRARY_VERSIONS.map { |k, v| [k, v].join(":") }.join(",")
 append_cppflags(%[-DNOKOGIRI_OTHER_LIBRARY_VERSIONS="\\\"#{other_library_versions_string}\\\""])
@@ -882,25 +999,25 @@ def compile
     # When precompiling native gems, copy packaged libraries' headers to ext/nokogiri/include
     # These are packaged up by the cross-compiling callback in the ExtensionTask
     copy_packaged_libraries_headers(to_path: File.join(PACKAGE_ROOT_DIR, "ext/nokogiri/include"),
-                                    from_recipes: [libxml2_recipe, libxslt_recipe])
+      from_recipes: [libxml2_recipe, libxslt_recipe])
   else
     # When compiling during installation, install packaged libraries' header files into ext/nokogiri/include
     copy_packaged_libraries_headers(to_path: "include",
-                                    from_recipes: [libxml2_recipe, libxslt_recipe])
+      from_recipes: [libxml2_recipe, libxslt_recipe])
     $INSTALLFILES << ["include/**/*.h", "$(rubylibdir)"]
   end
 end
 
-create_makefile('nokogiri/nokogiri')
+create_makefile("nokogiri/nokogiri")
 
 if config_clean?
   # Do not clean if run in a development work tree.
-  File.open('Makefile', 'at') do |mk|
+  File.open("Makefile", "at") do |mk|
     mk.print(<<~EOF)
 
       all: clean-ports
       clean-ports: $(DLLIB)
-      \t-$(Q)$(RUBY) $(srcdir)/extconf.rb --clean --#{static_p ? 'enable' : 'disable'}-static
+      \t-$(Q)$(RUBY) $(srcdir)/extconf.rb --clean --#{static_p ? "enable" : "disable"}-static
     EOF
   end
 end
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/gumbo.c b/ext/nokogiri/gumbo.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b732fca43f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/gumbo.c
@@ -0,0 +1,584 @@
+//
+//  Copyright 2013-2021 Sam Ruby, Stephen Checkoway
+//
+//  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+//  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+//  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+//  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+//  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+//  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+//  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+//  limitations under the License.
+//
+
+//
+// nokogumbo.c defines the following:
+//
+//   class Nokogumbo
+//     def parse(utf8_string) # returns Nokogiri::HTML5::Document
+//   end
+//
+// Processing starts by calling gumbo_parse_with_options. The resulting document tree
+// is then walked, a parallel libxml2 tree is constructed, and the final document is
+// then wrapped using Nokogiri_wrap_xml_document. This approach reduces memory and CPU
+// requirements as Ruby objects are only built when necessary.
+//
+
+#include <nokogiri.h>
+
+#include "gumbo.h"
+
+VALUE cNokogiriHtml5Document;
+
+// Interned symbols
+static ID internal_subset;
+static ID parent;
+
+/* Backwards compatibility to Ruby 2.1.0 */
+#if RUBY_API_VERSION_CODE < 20200
+#define ONIG_ESCAPE_UCHAR_COLLISION 1
+#include <ruby/encoding.h>
+
+static VALUE
+rb_utf8_str_new(const char *str, long length)
+{
+  return rb_enc_str_new(str, length, rb_utf8_encoding());
+}
+
+static VALUE
+rb_utf8_str_new_cstr(const char *str)
+{
+  return rb_enc_str_new_cstr(str, rb_utf8_encoding());
+}
+
+static VALUE
+rb_utf8_str_new_static(const char *str, long length)
+{
+  return rb_enc_str_new(str, length, rb_utf8_encoding());
+}
+#endif
+
+#include <nokogiri.h>
+#include <libxml/tree.h>
+#include <libxml/HTMLtree.h>
+
+// URI = system id
+// external id = public id
+static xmlDocPtr
+new_html_doc(const char *dtd_name, const char *system, const char *public)
+{
+  // These two libxml2 functions take the public and system ids in
+  // opposite orders.
+  htmlDocPtr doc = htmlNewDocNoDtD(/* URI */ NULL, /* ExternalID */NULL);
+  assert(doc);
+  if (dtd_name) {
+    xmlCreateIntSubset(doc, (const xmlChar *)dtd_name, (const xmlChar *)public, (const xmlChar *)system);
+  }
+  return doc;
+}
+
+static xmlNodePtr
+get_parent(xmlNodePtr node)
+{
+  return node->parent;
+}
+
+static GumboOutput *
+perform_parse(const GumboOptions *options, VALUE input)
+{
+  assert(RTEST(input));
+  Check_Type(input, T_STRING);
+  GumboOutput *output = gumbo_parse_with_options(
+                          options,
+                          RSTRING_PTR(input),
+                          RSTRING_LEN(input)
+                        );
+
+  const char *status_string = gumbo_status_to_string(output->status);
+  switch (output->status) {
+    case GUMBO_STATUS_OK:
+      break;
+    case GUMBO_STATUS_TOO_MANY_ATTRIBUTES:
+    case GUMBO_STATUS_TREE_TOO_DEEP:
+      gumbo_destroy_output(output);
+      rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "%s", status_string);
+    case GUMBO_STATUS_OUT_OF_MEMORY:
+      gumbo_destroy_output(output);
+      rb_raise(rb_eNoMemError, "%s", status_string);
+  }
+  return output;
+}
+
+static xmlNsPtr
+lookup_or_add_ns(
+  xmlDocPtr doc,
+  xmlNodePtr root,
+  const char *href,
+  const char *prefix
+)
+{
+  xmlNsPtr ns = xmlSearchNs(doc, root, (const xmlChar *)prefix);
+  if (ns) {
+    return ns;
+  }
+  return xmlNewNs(root, (const xmlChar *)href, (const xmlChar *)prefix);
+}
+
+static void
+set_line(xmlNodePtr node, size_t line)
+{
+  // libxml2 uses 65535 to mean look elsewhere for the line number on some
+  // nodes.
+  if (line < 65535) {
+    node->line = (unsigned short)line;
+  }
+}
+
+// Construct an XML tree rooted at xml_output_node from the Gumbo tree rooted
+// at gumbo_node.
+static void
+build_tree(
+  xmlDocPtr doc,
+  xmlNodePtr xml_output_node,
+  const GumboNode *gumbo_node
+)
+{
+  xmlNodePtr xml_root = NULL;
+  xmlNodePtr xml_node = xml_output_node;
+  size_t child_index = 0;
+
+  while (true) {
+    assert(gumbo_node != NULL);
+    const GumboVector *children = gumbo_node->type == GUMBO_NODE_DOCUMENT ?
+                                  &gumbo_node->v.document.children : &gumbo_node->v.element.children;
+    if (child_index >= children->length) {
+      // Move up the tree and to the next child.
+      if (xml_node == xml_output_node) {
+        // We've built as much of the tree as we can.
+        return;
+      }
+      child_index = gumbo_node->index_within_parent + 1;
+      gumbo_node = gumbo_node->parent;
+      xml_node = get_parent(xml_node);
+      // Children of fragments don't share the same root, so reset it and
+      // it'll be set below. In the non-fragment case, this will only happen
+      // after the html element has been finished at which point there are no
+      // further elements.
+      if (xml_node == xml_output_node) {
+        xml_root = NULL;
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+    const GumboNode *gumbo_child = children->data[child_index++];
+    xmlNodePtr xml_child;
+
+    switch (gumbo_child->type) {
+      case GUMBO_NODE_DOCUMENT:
+        abort(); // Bug in Gumbo.
+
+      case GUMBO_NODE_TEXT:
+      case GUMBO_NODE_WHITESPACE:
+        xml_child = xmlNewDocText(doc, (const xmlChar *)gumbo_child->v.text.text);
+        set_line(xml_child, gumbo_child->v.text.start_pos.line);
+        xmlAddChild(xml_node, xml_child);
+        break;
+
+      case GUMBO_NODE_CDATA:
+        xml_child = xmlNewCDataBlock(doc, (const xmlChar *)gumbo_child->v.text.text,
+                                     (int) strlen(gumbo_child->v.text.text));
+        set_line(xml_child, gumbo_child->v.text.start_pos.line);
+        xmlAddChild(xml_node, xml_child);
+        break;
+
+      case GUMBO_NODE_COMMENT:
+        xml_child = xmlNewDocComment(doc, (const xmlChar *)gumbo_child->v.text.text);
+        set_line(xml_child, gumbo_child->v.text.start_pos.line);
+        xmlAddChild(xml_node, xml_child);
+        break;
+
+      case GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE:
+      // XXX: Should create a template element and a new DocumentFragment
+      case GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT: {
+        xml_child = xmlNewDocNode(doc, NULL, (const xmlChar *)gumbo_child->v.element.name, NULL);
+        set_line(xml_child, gumbo_child->v.element.start_pos.line);
+        if (xml_root == NULL) {
+          xml_root = xml_child;
+        }
+        xmlNsPtr ns = NULL;
+        switch (gumbo_child->v.element.tag_namespace) {
+          case GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML:
+            break;
+          case GUMBO_NAMESPACE_SVG:
+            ns = lookup_or_add_ns(doc, xml_root, "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg", "svg");
+            break;
+          case GUMBO_NAMESPACE_MATHML:
+            ns = lookup_or_add_ns(doc, xml_root, "http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML", "math");
+            break;
+        }
+        if (ns != NULL) {
+          xmlSetNs(xml_child, ns);
+        }
+        xmlAddChild(xml_node, xml_child);
+
+        // Add the attributes.
+        const GumboVector *attrs = &gumbo_child->v.element.attributes;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < attrs->length; i++) {
+          const GumboAttribute *attr = attrs->data[i];
+
+          switch (attr->attr_namespace) {
+            case GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XLINK:
+              ns = lookup_or_add_ns(doc, xml_root, "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink", "xlink");
+              break;
+
+            case GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XML:
+              ns = lookup_or_add_ns(doc, xml_root, "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace", "xml");
+              break;
+
+            case GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XMLNS:
+              ns = lookup_or_add_ns(doc, xml_root, "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/", "xmlns");
+              break;
+
+            default:
+              ns = NULL;
+          }
+          xmlNewNsProp(xml_child, ns, (const xmlChar *)attr->name, (const xmlChar *)attr->value);
+        }
+
+        // Add children for this element.
+        child_index = 0;
+        gumbo_node = gumbo_child;
+        xml_node = xml_child;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+static void
+add_errors(const GumboOutput *output, VALUE rdoc, VALUE input, VALUE url)
+{
+  const char *input_str = RSTRING_PTR(input);
+  size_t input_len = RSTRING_LEN(input);
+
+  // Add parse errors to rdoc.
+  if (output->errors.length) {
+    const GumboVector *errors = &output->errors;
+    VALUE rerrors = rb_ary_new2(errors->length);
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < errors->length; i++) {
+      GumboError *err = errors->data[i];
+      GumboSourcePosition position = gumbo_error_position(err);
+      char *msg;
+      size_t size = gumbo_caret_diagnostic_to_string(err, input_str, input_len, &msg);
+      VALUE err_str = rb_utf8_str_new(msg, size);
+      free(msg);
+      VALUE syntax_error = rb_class_new_instance(1, &err_str, cNokogiriXmlSyntaxError);
+      const char *error_code = gumbo_error_code(err);
+      VALUE str1 = error_code ? rb_utf8_str_new_static(error_code, strlen(error_code)) : Qnil;
+      rb_iv_set(syntax_error, "@domain", INT2NUM(1)); // XML_FROM_PARSER
+      rb_iv_set(syntax_error, "@code", INT2NUM(1));   // XML_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR
+      rb_iv_set(syntax_error, "@level", INT2NUM(2));  // XML_ERR_ERROR
+      rb_iv_set(syntax_error, "@file", url);
+      rb_iv_set(syntax_error, "@line", INT2NUM(position.line));
+      rb_iv_set(syntax_error, "@str1", str1);
+      rb_iv_set(syntax_error, "@str2", Qnil);
+      rb_iv_set(syntax_error, "@str3", Qnil);
+      rb_iv_set(syntax_error, "@int1", INT2NUM(0));
+      rb_iv_set(syntax_error, "@column", INT2NUM(position.column));
+      rb_ary_push(rerrors, syntax_error);
+    }
+    rb_iv_set(rdoc, "@errors", rerrors);
+  }
+}
+
+typedef struct {
+  GumboOutput *output;
+  VALUE input;
+  VALUE url_or_frag;
+  xmlDocPtr doc;
+} ParseArgs;
+
+static VALUE
+parse_cleanup(VALUE parse_args)
+{
+  ParseArgs *args = (ParseArgs *)parse_args;
+  gumbo_destroy_output(args->output);
+  // Make sure garbage collection doesn't mark the objects as being live based
+  // on references from the ParseArgs. This may be unnecessary.
+  args->input = Qnil;
+  args->url_or_frag = Qnil;
+  if (args->doc != NULL) {
+    xmlFreeDoc(args->doc);
+  }
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE parse_continue(VALUE parse_args);
+
+/*
+ *  @!visibility protected
+ */
+static VALUE
+parse(VALUE self, VALUE input, VALUE url, VALUE max_attributes, VALUE max_errors, VALUE max_depth)
+{
+  GumboOptions options = kGumboDefaultOptions;
+  options.max_attributes = NUM2INT(max_attributes);
+  options.max_errors = NUM2INT(max_errors);
+  options.max_tree_depth = NUM2INT(max_depth);
+
+  GumboOutput *output = perform_parse(&options, input);
+  ParseArgs args = {
+    .output = output,
+    .input = input,
+    .url_or_frag = url,
+    .doc = NULL,
+  };
+
+  return rb_ensure(parse_continue, (VALUE)(&args), parse_cleanup, (VALUE)(&args));
+}
+
+static VALUE
+parse_continue(VALUE parse_args)
+{
+  ParseArgs *args = (ParseArgs *)parse_args;
+  GumboOutput *output = args->output;
+  xmlDocPtr doc;
+  if (output->document->v.document.has_doctype) {
+    const char *name   = output->document->v.document.name;
+    const char *public = output->document->v.document.public_identifier;
+    const char *system = output->document->v.document.system_identifier;
+    public = public[0] ? public : NULL;
+    system = system[0] ? system : NULL;
+    doc = new_html_doc(name, system, public);
+  } else {
+    doc = new_html_doc(NULL, NULL, NULL);
+  }
+  args->doc = doc; // Make sure doc gets cleaned up if an error is thrown.
+  build_tree(doc, (xmlNodePtr)doc, output->document);
+  VALUE rdoc = Nokogiri_wrap_xml_document(cNokogiriHtml5Document, doc);
+  args->doc = NULL; // The Ruby runtime now owns doc so don't delete it.
+  add_errors(output, rdoc, args->input, args->url_or_frag);
+  return rdoc;
+}
+
+static int
+lookup_namespace(VALUE node, bool require_known_ns)
+{
+  ID namespace, href;
+  CONST_ID(namespace, "namespace");
+  CONST_ID(href, "href");
+  VALUE ns = rb_funcall(node, namespace, 0);
+
+  if (NIL_P(ns)) {
+    return GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML;
+  }
+  ns = rb_funcall(ns, href, 0);
+  assert(RTEST(ns));
+  Check_Type(ns, T_STRING);
+
+  const char *href_ptr = RSTRING_PTR(ns);
+  size_t href_len = RSTRING_LEN(ns);
+#define NAMESPACE_P(uri) (href_len == sizeof uri - 1 && !memcmp(href_ptr, uri, href_len))
+  if (NAMESPACE_P("http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml")) {
+    return GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML;
+  }
+  if (NAMESPACE_P("http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML")) {
+    return GUMBO_NAMESPACE_MATHML;
+  }
+  if (NAMESPACE_P("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg")) {
+    return GUMBO_NAMESPACE_SVG;
+  }
+#undef NAMESPACE_P
+  if (require_known_ns) {
+    rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Unexpected namespace URI \"%*s\"", (int)href_len, href_ptr);
+  }
+  return -1;
+}
+
+static xmlNodePtr
+extract_xml_node(VALUE node)
+{
+  xmlNodePtr xml_node;
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(node, xmlNode, xml_node);
+  return xml_node;
+}
+
+static VALUE fragment_continue(VALUE parse_args);
+
+/*
+ *  @!visibility protected
+ */
+static VALUE
+fragment(
+  VALUE self,
+  VALUE doc_fragment,
+  VALUE tags,
+  VALUE ctx,
+  VALUE max_attributes,
+  VALUE max_errors,
+  VALUE max_depth
+)
+{
+  ID name = rb_intern_const("name");
+  const char *ctx_tag;
+  GumboNamespaceEnum ctx_ns;
+  GumboQuirksModeEnum quirks_mode;
+  bool form = false;
+  const char *encoding = NULL;
+
+  if (NIL_P(ctx)) {
+    ctx_tag = "body";
+    ctx_ns = GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML;
+  } else if (TYPE(ctx) == T_STRING) {
+    ctx_tag = StringValueCStr(ctx);
+    ctx_ns = GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML;
+    size_t len = RSTRING_LEN(ctx);
+    const char *colon = memchr(ctx_tag, ':', len);
+    if (colon) {
+      switch (colon - ctx_tag) {
+        case 3:
+          if (st_strncasecmp(ctx_tag, "svg", 3) != 0) {
+            goto error;
+          }
+          ctx_ns = GUMBO_NAMESPACE_SVG;
+          break;
+        case 4:
+          if (st_strncasecmp(ctx_tag, "html", 4) == 0) {
+            ctx_ns = GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML;
+          } else if (st_strncasecmp(ctx_tag, "math", 4) == 0) {
+            ctx_ns = GUMBO_NAMESPACE_MATHML;
+          } else {
+            goto error;
+          }
+          break;
+        default:
+error:
+          rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Invalid context namespace '%*s'", (int)(colon - ctx_tag), ctx_tag);
+      }
+      ctx_tag = colon + 1;
+    } else {
+      // For convenience, put 'svg' and 'math' in their namespaces.
+      if (len == 3 && st_strncasecmp(ctx_tag, "svg", 3) == 0) {
+        ctx_ns = GUMBO_NAMESPACE_SVG;
+      } else if (len == 4 && st_strncasecmp(ctx_tag, "math", 4) == 0) {
+        ctx_ns = GUMBO_NAMESPACE_MATHML;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Check if it's a form.
+    form = ctx_ns == GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML && st_strcasecmp(ctx_tag, "form") == 0;
+  } else {
+    ID element_ = rb_intern_const("element?");
+
+    // Context fragment name.
+    VALUE tag_name = rb_funcall(ctx, name, 0);
+    assert(RTEST(tag_name));
+    Check_Type(tag_name, T_STRING);
+    ctx_tag = StringValueCStr(tag_name);
+
+    // Context fragment namespace.
+    ctx_ns = lookup_namespace(ctx, true);
+
+    // Check for a form ancestor, including self.
+    for (VALUE node = ctx;
+         !NIL_P(node);
+         node = rb_respond_to(node, parent) ? rb_funcall(node, parent, 0) : Qnil) {
+      if (!RTEST(rb_funcall(node, element_, 0))) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      VALUE element_name = rb_funcall(node, name, 0);
+      if (RSTRING_LEN(element_name) == 4
+          && !st_strcasecmp(RSTRING_PTR(element_name), "form")
+          && lookup_namespace(node, false) == GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML) {
+        form = true;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Encoding.
+    if (RSTRING_LEN(tag_name) == 14
+        && !st_strcasecmp(ctx_tag, "annotation-xml")) {
+      VALUE enc = rb_funcall(ctx, rb_intern_const("[]"),
+                             rb_utf8_str_new_static("encoding", 8));
+      if (RTEST(enc)) {
+        Check_Type(enc, T_STRING);
+        encoding = StringValueCStr(enc);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Quirks mode.
+  VALUE doc = rb_funcall(doc_fragment, rb_intern_const("document"), 0);
+  VALUE dtd = rb_funcall(doc, internal_subset, 0);
+  if (NIL_P(dtd)) {
+    quirks_mode = GUMBO_DOCTYPE_NO_QUIRKS;
+  } else {
+    VALUE dtd_name = rb_funcall(dtd, name, 0);
+    VALUE pubid = rb_funcall(dtd, rb_intern_const("external_id"), 0);
+    VALUE sysid = rb_funcall(dtd, rb_intern_const("system_id"), 0);
+    quirks_mode = gumbo_compute_quirks_mode(
+                    NIL_P(dtd_name) ? NULL : StringValueCStr(dtd_name),
+                    NIL_P(pubid) ? NULL : StringValueCStr(pubid),
+                    NIL_P(sysid) ? NULL : StringValueCStr(sysid)
+                  );
+  }
+
+  // Perform a fragment parse.
+  int depth = NUM2INT(max_depth);
+  GumboOptions options = kGumboDefaultOptions;
+  options.max_attributes = NUM2INT(max_attributes);
+  options.max_errors = NUM2INT(max_errors);
+  // Add one to account for the HTML element.
+  options.max_tree_depth = depth < 0 ? -1 : (depth + 1);
+  options.fragment_context = ctx_tag;
+  options.fragment_namespace = ctx_ns;
+  options.fragment_encoding = encoding;
+  options.quirks_mode = quirks_mode;
+  options.fragment_context_has_form_ancestor = form;
+
+  GumboOutput *output = perform_parse(&options, tags);
+  ParseArgs args = {
+    .output = output,
+    .input = tags,
+    .url_or_frag = doc_fragment,
+    .doc = (xmlDocPtr)extract_xml_node(doc),
+  };
+  rb_ensure(fragment_continue, (VALUE)(&args), parse_cleanup, (VALUE)(&args));
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+fragment_continue(VALUE parse_args)
+{
+  ParseArgs *args = (ParseArgs *)parse_args;
+  GumboOutput *output = args->output;
+  VALUE doc_fragment = args->url_or_frag;
+  xmlDocPtr xml_doc = args->doc;
+
+  args->doc = NULL; // The Ruby runtime owns doc so make sure we don't delete it.
+  xmlNodePtr xml_frag = extract_xml_node(doc_fragment);
+  build_tree(xml_doc, xml_frag, output->root);
+  add_errors(output, doc_fragment, args->input, rb_utf8_str_new_static("#fragment", 9));
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+// Initialize the Nokogumbo class and fetch constants we will use later.
+void
+noko_init_gumbo()
+{
+  // Class constants.
+  cNokogiriHtml5Document = rb_define_class_under(mNokogiriHtml5, "Document", cNokogiriHtml4Document);
+  rb_gc_register_mark_object(cNokogiriHtml5Document);
+
+  // Interned symbols.
+  internal_subset = rb_intern_const("internal_subset");
+  parent = rb_intern_const("parent");
+
+  // Define Nokogumbo module with parse and fragment methods.
+  rb_define_singleton_method(mNokogiriGumbo, "parse", parse, 5);
+  rb_define_singleton_method(mNokogiriGumbo, "fragment", fragment, 6);
+}
+
+// vim: set shiftwidth=2 softtabstop=2 tabstop=8 expandtab:
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/html_document.c b/ext/nokogiri/html4_document.c
similarity index 88%
rename from ext/nokogiri/html_document.c
rename to ext/nokogiri/html4_document.c
index 7462f854ef..9e9a016957 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/html_document.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/html4_document.c
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #include <nokogiri.h>
 
-VALUE cNokogiriHtmlDocument ;
+VALUE cNokogiriHtml4Document ;
 
 static ID id_encoding_found;
 static ID id_to_s;
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ rb_html_document_s_new(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
  *  read_io(io, url, encoding, options)
  *
  * Read the HTML document from +io+ with given +url+, +encoding+,
- * and +options+.  See Nokogiri::HTML.parse
+ * and +options+.  See Nokogiri::HTML4.parse
  */
 static VALUE
 rb_html_document_s_read_io(VALUE klass, VALUE rb_io, VALUE rb_url, VALUE rb_encoding, VALUE rb_options)
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ rb_html_document_s_read_io(VALUE klass, VALUE rb_io, VALUE rb_url, VALUE rb_enco
  *  read_memory(string, url, encoding, options)
  *
  * Read the HTML document contained in +string+ with given +url+, +encoding+,
- * and +options+.  See Nokogiri::HTML.parse
+ * and +options+.  See Nokogiri::HTML4.parse
  */
 static VALUE
 rb_html_document_s_read_memory(VALUE klass, VALUE rb_html, VALUE rb_url, VALUE rb_encoding, VALUE rb_options)
@@ -153,13 +153,13 @@ void
 noko_init_html_document()
 {
   assert(cNokogiriXmlDocument);
-  cNokogiriHtmlDocument = rb_define_class_under(mNokogiriHtml, "Document", cNokogiriXmlDocument);
+  cNokogiriHtml4Document = rb_define_class_under(mNokogiriHtml4, "Document", cNokogiriXmlDocument);
 
-  rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriHtmlDocument, "read_memory", rb_html_document_s_read_memory, 4);
-  rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriHtmlDocument, "read_io", rb_html_document_s_read_io, 4);
-  rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriHtmlDocument, "new", rb_html_document_s_new, -1);
+  rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriHtml4Document, "read_memory", rb_html_document_s_read_memory, 4);
+  rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriHtml4Document, "read_io", rb_html_document_s_read_io, 4);
+  rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriHtml4Document, "new", rb_html_document_s_new, -1);
 
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtmlDocument, "type", rb_html_document_type, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtml4Document, "type", rb_html_document_type, 0);
 
   id_encoding_found = rb_intern("encoding_found");
   id_to_s = rb_intern("to_s");
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/html_element_description.c b/ext/nokogiri/html4_element_description.c
similarity index 75%
rename from ext/nokogiri/html_element_description.c
rename to ext/nokogiri/html4_element_description.c
index 2a5f82ed74..a9ba9f784a 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/html_element_description.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/html4_element_description.c
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #include <nokogiri.h>
 
-VALUE cNokogiriHtmlElementDescription ;
+VALUE cNokogiriHtml4ElementDescription ;
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
@@ -266,27 +266,29 @@ get_description(VALUE klass, VALUE tag_name)
                                     );
 
   if (NULL == description) { return Qnil; }
-  return Data_Wrap_Struct(klass, 0, 0, (void *)(uintptr_t)description);
+  return Data_Wrap_Struct(klass, 0, 0, DISCARD_CONST_QUAL(void *, description));
 }
 
 void
 noko_init_html_element_description()
 {
-  cNokogiriHtmlElementDescription = rb_define_class_under(mNokogiriHtml, "ElementDescription", rb_cObject);
-
-  rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriHtmlElementDescription, "[]", get_description, 1);
-
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtmlElementDescription, "name", name, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtmlElementDescription, "implied_start_tag?", implied_start_tag_eh, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtmlElementDescription, "implied_end_tag?", implied_end_tag_eh, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtmlElementDescription, "save_end_tag?", save_end_tag_eh, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtmlElementDescription, "empty?", empty_eh, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtmlElementDescription, "deprecated?", deprecated_eh, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtmlElementDescription, "inline?", inline_eh, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtmlElementDescription, "description", description, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtmlElementDescription, "sub_elements", sub_elements, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtmlElementDescription, "default_sub_element", default_sub_element, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtmlElementDescription, "optional_attributes", optional_attributes, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtmlElementDescription, "deprecated_attributes", deprecated_attributes, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtmlElementDescription, "required_attributes", required_attributes, 0);
+  cNokogiriHtml4ElementDescription = rb_define_class_under(mNokogiriHtml4, "ElementDescription", rb_cObject);
+
+  rb_undef_alloc_func(cNokogiriHtml4ElementDescription);
+
+  rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriHtml4ElementDescription, "[]", get_description, 1);
+
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtml4ElementDescription, "name", name, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtml4ElementDescription, "implied_start_tag?", implied_start_tag_eh, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtml4ElementDescription, "implied_end_tag?", implied_end_tag_eh, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtml4ElementDescription, "save_end_tag?", save_end_tag_eh, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtml4ElementDescription, "empty?", empty_eh, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtml4ElementDescription, "deprecated?", deprecated_eh, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtml4ElementDescription, "inline?", inline_eh, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtml4ElementDescription, "description", description, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtml4ElementDescription, "sub_elements", sub_elements, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtml4ElementDescription, "default_sub_element", default_sub_element, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtml4ElementDescription, "optional_attributes", optional_attributes, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtml4ElementDescription, "deprecated_attributes", deprecated_attributes, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtml4ElementDescription, "required_attributes", required_attributes, 0);
 }
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/html_entity_lookup.c b/ext/nokogiri/html4_entity_lookup.c
similarity index 60%
rename from ext/nokogiri/html_entity_lookup.c
rename to ext/nokogiri/html4_entity_lookup.c
index a63f58a528..ee1589cb43 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/html_entity_lookup.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/html4_entity_lookup.c
@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
 #include <nokogiri.h>
 
-static VALUE cNokogiriHtmlEntityLookup;
+static VALUE cNokogiriHtml4EntityLookup;
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
  *  get(key)
  *
- * Get the HTML::EntityDescription for +key+
+ * Get the HTML4::EntityDescription for +key+
  */
 static VALUE
 get(VALUE _, VALUE rb_entity_name)
 {
-  VALUE cNokogiriHtmlEntityDescription;
+  VALUE cNokogiriHtml4EntityDescription;
   const htmlEntityDesc *c_entity_desc;
   VALUE rb_constructor_args[3];
 
@@ -24,14 +24,14 @@ get(VALUE _, VALUE rb_entity_name)
   rb_constructor_args[1] = NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(c_entity_desc->name);
   rb_constructor_args[2] = NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(c_entity_desc->desc);
 
-  cNokogiriHtmlEntityDescription = rb_const_get_at(mNokogiriHtml, rb_intern("EntityDescription"));
-  return rb_class_new_instance(3, rb_constructor_args, cNokogiriHtmlEntityDescription);
+  cNokogiriHtml4EntityDescription = rb_const_get_at(mNokogiriHtml4, rb_intern("EntityDescription"));
+  return rb_class_new_instance(3, rb_constructor_args, cNokogiriHtml4EntityDescription);
 }
 
 void
 noko_init_html_entity_lookup()
 {
-  cNokogiriHtmlEntityLookup = rb_define_class_under(mNokogiriHtml, "EntityLookup", rb_cObject);
+  cNokogiriHtml4EntityLookup = rb_define_class_under(mNokogiriHtml4, "EntityLookup", rb_cObject);
 
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtmlEntityLookup, "get", get, 1);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtml4EntityLookup, "get", get, 1);
 }
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/html_sax_parser_context.c b/ext/nokogiri/html4_sax_parser_context.c
similarity index 83%
rename from ext/nokogiri/html_sax_parser_context.c
rename to ext/nokogiri/html4_sax_parser_context.c
index eb3361b296..54adca4cb4 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/html_sax_parser_context.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/html4_sax_parser_context.c
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #include <nokogiri.h>
 
-VALUE cNokogiriHtmlSaxParserContext ;
+VALUE cNokogiriHtml4SaxParserContext ;
 
 static void
 deallocate(xmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt)
@@ -19,9 +19,8 @@ parse_memory(VALUE klass, VALUE data, VALUE encoding)
 {
   htmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt;
 
-  if (NIL_P(data)) {
-    rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "data cannot be nil");
-  }
+  Check_Type(data, T_STRING);
+
   if (!(int)RSTRING_LEN(data)) {
     rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "data cannot be empty");
   }
@@ -110,10 +109,11 @@ void
 noko_init_html_sax_parser_context()
 {
   assert(cNokogiriXmlSaxParserContext);
-  cNokogiriHtmlSaxParserContext = rb_define_class_under(mNokogiriHtmlSax, "ParserContext", cNokogiriXmlSaxParserContext);
+  cNokogiriHtml4SaxParserContext = rb_define_class_under(mNokogiriHtml4Sax, "ParserContext",
+                                   cNokogiriXmlSaxParserContext);
 
-  rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriHtmlSaxParserContext, "memory", parse_memory, 2);
-  rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriHtmlSaxParserContext, "file", parse_file, 2);
+  rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriHtml4SaxParserContext, "memory", parse_memory, 2);
+  rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriHtml4SaxParserContext, "file", parse_file, 2);
 
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtmlSaxParserContext, "parse_with", parse_with, 1);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriHtml4SaxParserContext, "parse_with", parse_with, 1);
 }
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/html_sax_push_parser.c b/ext/nokogiri/html4_sax_push_parser.c
similarity index 85%
rename from ext/nokogiri/html_sax_push_parser.c
rename to ext/nokogiri/html4_sax_push_parser.c
index 30f3e18465..9dc4a8c2c2 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/html_sax_push_parser.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/html4_sax_push_parser.c
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #include <nokogiri.h>
 
-VALUE cNokogiriHtmlSaxPushParser;
+VALUE cNokogiriHtml4SaxPushParser;
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
@@ -88,8 +88,8 @@ void
 noko_init_html_sax_push_parser()
 {
   assert(cNokogiriXmlSaxPushParser);
-  cNokogiriHtmlSaxPushParser = rb_define_class_under(mNokogiriHtmlSax, "PushParser", cNokogiriXmlSaxPushParser);
+  cNokogiriHtml4SaxPushParser = rb_define_class_under(mNokogiriHtml4Sax, "PushParser", cNokogiriXmlSaxPushParser);
 
-  rb_define_private_method(cNokogiriHtmlSaxPushParser, "initialize_native", initialize_native, 3);
-  rb_define_private_method(cNokogiriHtmlSaxPushParser, "native_write", native_write, 2);
+  rb_define_private_method(cNokogiriHtml4SaxPushParser, "initialize_native", initialize_native, 3);
+  rb_define_private_method(cNokogiriHtml4SaxPushParser, "native_write", native_write, 2);
 }
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/libxml2_backwards_compat.c b/ext/nokogiri/libxml2_backwards_compat.c
index 2e084b9235..f5255cb989 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/libxml2_backwards_compat.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/libxml2_backwards_compat.c
@@ -20,14 +20,14 @@ xmlFirstElementChild(xmlNodePtr parent)
     return (NULL);
   }
   switch (parent->type) {
-  case XML_ELEMENT_NODE:
-  case XML_ENTITY_NODE:
-  case XML_DOCUMENT_NODE:
-  case XML_HTML_DOCUMENT_NODE:
-    cur = parent->children;
-    break;
-  default:
-    return (NULL);
+    case XML_ELEMENT_NODE:
+    case XML_ENTITY_NODE:
+    case XML_DOCUMENT_NODE:
+    case XML_HTML_DOCUMENT_NODE:
+      cur = parent->children;
+      break;
+    default:
+      return (NULL);
   }
   while (cur != NULL) {
     if (cur->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
@@ -57,20 +57,20 @@ xmlNextElementSibling(xmlNodePtr node)
     return (NULL);
   }
   switch (node->type) {
-  case XML_ELEMENT_NODE:
-  case XML_TEXT_NODE:
-  case XML_CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
-  case XML_ENTITY_REF_NODE:
-  case XML_ENTITY_NODE:
-  case XML_PI_NODE:
-  case XML_COMMENT_NODE:
-  case XML_DTD_NODE:
-  case XML_XINCLUDE_START:
-  case XML_XINCLUDE_END:
-    node = node->next;
-    break;
-  default:
-    return (NULL);
+    case XML_ELEMENT_NODE:
+    case XML_TEXT_NODE:
+    case XML_CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
+    case XML_ENTITY_REF_NODE:
+    case XML_ENTITY_NODE:
+    case XML_PI_NODE:
+    case XML_COMMENT_NODE:
+    case XML_DTD_NODE:
+    case XML_XINCLUDE_START:
+    case XML_XINCLUDE_END:
+      node = node->next;
+      break;
+    default:
+      return (NULL);
   }
   while (node != NULL) {
     if (node->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
@@ -101,14 +101,14 @@ xmlLastElementChild(xmlNodePtr parent)
     return (NULL);
   }
   switch (parent->type) {
-  case XML_ELEMENT_NODE:
-  case XML_ENTITY_NODE:
-  case XML_DOCUMENT_NODE:
-  case XML_HTML_DOCUMENT_NODE:
-    cur = parent->last;
-    break;
-  default:
-    return (NULL);
+    case XML_ELEMENT_NODE:
+    case XML_ENTITY_NODE:
+    case XML_DOCUMENT_NODE:
+    case XML_HTML_DOCUMENT_NODE:
+      cur = parent->last;
+      break;
+    default:
+      return (NULL);
   }
   while (cur != NULL) {
     if (cur->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/nokogiri.c b/ext/nokogiri/nokogiri.c
index fb255f03e3..b82329cccf 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/nokogiri.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/nokogiri.c
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 #include <nokogiri.h>
 
 VALUE mNokogiri ;
-VALUE mNokogiriHtml ;
-VALUE mNokogiriHtmlSax ;
+VALUE mNokogiriGumbo ;
+VALUE mNokogiriHtml4 ;
+VALUE mNokogiriHtml4Sax ;
+VALUE mNokogiriHtml5 ;
 VALUE mNokogiriXml ;
 VALUE mNokogiriXmlSax ;
 VALUE mNokogiriXmlXpath ;
@@ -13,38 +15,39 @@ VALUE cNokogiriXmlCharacterData;
 VALUE cNokogiriXmlElement;
 VALUE cNokogiriXmlXpathSyntaxError;
 
-void noko_init_xml_attr();
-void noko_init_xml_attribute_decl();
-void noko_init_xml_cdata();
-void noko_init_xml_comment();
-void noko_init_xml_document();
-void noko_init_xml_document_fragment();
-void noko_init_xml_dtd();
-void noko_init_xml_element_content();
-void noko_init_xml_element_decl();
-void noko_init_xml_encoding_handler();
-void noko_init_xml_entity_decl();
-void noko_init_xml_entity_reference();
-void noko_init_xml_namespace();
-void noko_init_xml_node();
-void noko_init_xml_node_set();
-void noko_init_xml_processing_instruction();
-void noko_init_xml_reader();
-void noko_init_xml_relax_ng();
-void noko_init_xml_sax_parser();
-void noko_init_xml_sax_parser_context();
-void noko_init_xml_sax_push_parser();
-void noko_init_xml_schema();
-void noko_init_xml_syntax_error();
-void noko_init_xml_text();
-void noko_init_xml_xpath_context();
-void noko_init_xslt_stylesheet();
-void noko_init_html_document();
-void noko_init_html_element_description();
-void noko_init_html_entity_lookup();
-void noko_init_html_sax_parser_context();
-void noko_init_html_sax_push_parser();
-void noko_init_test_global_handlers();
+void noko_init_xml_attr(void);
+void noko_init_xml_attribute_decl(void);
+void noko_init_xml_cdata(void);
+void noko_init_xml_comment(void);
+void noko_init_xml_document(void);
+void noko_init_xml_document_fragment(void);
+void noko_init_xml_dtd(void);
+void noko_init_xml_element_content(void);
+void noko_init_xml_element_decl(void);
+void noko_init_xml_encoding_handler(void);
+void noko_init_xml_entity_decl(void);
+void noko_init_xml_entity_reference(void);
+void noko_init_xml_namespace(void);
+void noko_init_xml_node(void);
+void noko_init_xml_node_set(void);
+void noko_init_xml_processing_instruction(void);
+void noko_init_xml_reader(void);
+void noko_init_xml_relax_ng(void);
+void noko_init_xml_sax_parser(void);
+void noko_init_xml_sax_parser_context(void);
+void noko_init_xml_sax_push_parser(void);
+void noko_init_xml_schema(void);
+void noko_init_xml_syntax_error(void);
+void noko_init_xml_text(void);
+void noko_init_xml_xpath_context(void);
+void noko_init_xslt_stylesheet(void);
+void noko_init_html_document(void);
+void noko_init_html_element_description(void);
+void noko_init_html_entity_lookup(void);
+void noko_init_html_sax_parser_context(void);
+void noko_init_html_sax_push_parser(void);
+void noko_init_gumbo(void);
+void noko_init_test_global_handlers(void);
 
 static ID id_read, id_write;
 
@@ -152,12 +155,14 @@ void
 Init_nokogiri()
 {
   mNokogiri         = rb_define_module("Nokogiri");
+  mNokogiriGumbo    = rb_define_module_under(mNokogiri, "Gumbo");
+  mNokogiriHtml4     = rb_define_module_under(mNokogiri, "HTML4");
+  mNokogiriHtml4Sax  = rb_define_module_under(mNokogiriHtml4, "SAX");
+  mNokogiriHtml5    = rb_define_module_under(mNokogiri, "HTML5");
   mNokogiriXml      = rb_define_module_under(mNokogiri, "XML");
-  mNokogiriHtml     = rb_define_module_under(mNokogiri, "HTML");
-  mNokogiriXslt     = rb_define_module_under(mNokogiri, "XSLT");
-  mNokogiriXmlXpath = rb_define_module_under(mNokogiriXml, "XPath");
   mNokogiriXmlSax   = rb_define_module_under(mNokogiriXml, "SAX");
-  mNokogiriHtmlSax  = rb_define_module_under(mNokogiriHtml, "SAX");
+  mNokogiriXmlXpath = rb_define_module_under(mNokogiriXml, "XPath");
+  mNokogiriXslt     = rb_define_module_under(mNokogiri, "XSLT");
 
   rb_const_set(mNokogiri, rb_intern("LIBXML_COMPILED_VERSION"), NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(LIBXML_DOTTED_VERSION));
   rb_const_set(mNokogiri, rb_intern("LIBXML_LOADED_VERSION"), NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(xmlParserVersion));
@@ -191,9 +196,35 @@ Init_nokogiri()
   rb_const_set(mNokogiri, rb_intern("OTHER_LIBRARY_VERSIONS"), NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(NOKOGIRI_OTHER_LIBRARY_VERSIONS));
 #endif
 
+#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(NOKOGIRI_PACKAGED_LIBRARIES)
+  /*
+   *  We choose *not* to do use Ruby's memory management functions with windows DLLs because of this
+   *  issue in libxml 2.9.12:
+   *
+   *    https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2241
+   *
+   *  If the atexit() issue gets fixed in a future version of libxml2, then we may be able to skip
+   *  this config only for the specific libxml2 versions 2.9.12.
+   *
+   *  Alternatively, now that Ruby has a generational GC, it might be OK to let libxml2 use its
+   *  default memory management functions (recall that this config was introduced to reduce memory
+   *  bloat and allow Ruby to GC more often); but we should *really* test with production workloads
+   *  before making that kind of a potentially-invasive change.
+   */
+  rb_const_set(mNokogiri, rb_intern("LIBXML_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT"), NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2("default"));
+#else
+  rb_const_set(mNokogiri, rb_intern("LIBXML_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT"), NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2("ruby"));
   xmlMemSetup((xmlFreeFunc)ruby_xfree, (xmlMallocFunc)ruby_xmalloc, (xmlReallocFunc)ruby_xrealloc, ruby_strdup);
+#endif
 
   xmlInitParser();
+  exsltRegisterAll();
+
+  if (xsltExtModuleFunctionLookup((const xmlChar *)"date-time", EXSLT_DATE_NAMESPACE)) {
+    rb_const_set(mNokogiri, rb_intern("LIBXSLT_DATETIME_ENABLED"), Qtrue);
+  } else {
+    rb_const_set(mNokogiri, rb_intern("LIBXSLT_DATETIME_ENABLED"), Qfalse);
+  }
 
   cNokogiriSyntaxError = rb_define_class_under(mNokogiri, "SyntaxError", rb_eStandardError);
   noko_init_xml_syntax_error();
@@ -238,6 +269,7 @@ Init_nokogiri()
   noko_init_xml_document_fragment();
   noko_init_xml_document();
   noko_init_html_document();
+  noko_init_gumbo();
 
   noko_init_test_global_handlers();
 
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/nokogiri.h b/ext/nokogiri/nokogiri.h
index 8b3cc9e845..399967ebd0 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/nokogiri.h
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/nokogiri.h
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef NOKOGIRI_NATIVE
 #define NOKOGIRI_NATIVE
 
-#if _MSC_VER
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
 #  ifndef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
 #    define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
 #  endif /* WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN */
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 #  include <windows.h>
 #endif
 
-#if _WIN32
+#ifdef _WIN32
 #  define NOKOPUBFUN __declspec(dllexport)
 #  define NOKOPUBVAR __declspec(dllexport) extern
 #else
@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ xmlNodePtr xmlLastElementChild(xmlNodePtr parent);
 #include <ruby/st.h>
 #include <ruby/encoding.h>
 #include <ruby/util.h>
+#include <ruby/version.h>
 
 #define NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(str) NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW(str, strlen((const char *)(str)))
 #define NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW(str, len) rb_external_str_new_with_enc((const char *)(str), (long)(len), rb_utf8_encoding())
@@ -92,12 +93,16 @@ xmlNodePtr xmlLastElementChild(xmlNodePtr parent);
 
 
 NOKOPUBVAR VALUE mNokogiri ;
-NOKOPUBVAR VALUE mNokogiriHtml ;
-NOKOPUBVAR VALUE mNokogiriHtmlSax ;
+NOKOPUBVAR VALUE mNokogiriGumbo ;
+NOKOPUBVAR VALUE mNokogiriHtml4 ;
+NOKOPUBVAR VALUE mNokogiriHtml4Sax ;
+NOKOPUBVAR VALUE mNokogiriHtml5 ;
 NOKOPUBVAR VALUE mNokogiriXml ;
 NOKOPUBVAR VALUE mNokogiriXmlSax ;
+NOKOPUBVAR VALUE mNokogiriXmlXpath ;
 NOKOPUBVAR VALUE mNokogiriXslt ;
 
+NOKOPUBVAR VALUE cNokogiriEncodingHandler;
 NOKOPUBVAR VALUE cNokogiriSyntaxError;
 NOKOPUBVAR VALUE cNokogiriXmlAttr;
 NOKOPUBVAR VALUE cNokogiriXmlAttributeDecl;
@@ -128,10 +133,11 @@ NOKOPUBVAR VALUE cNokogiriXmlXpathContext;
 NOKOPUBVAR VALUE cNokogiriXmlXpathSyntaxError;
 NOKOPUBVAR VALUE cNokogiriXsltStylesheet ;
 
-NOKOPUBVAR VALUE cNokogiriHtmlDocument ;
-NOKOPUBVAR VALUE cNokogiriHtmlSaxPushParser ;
-NOKOPUBVAR VALUE cNokogiriHtmlElementDescription ;
-NOKOPUBVAR VALUE cNokogiriHtmlSaxParserContext;
+NOKOPUBVAR VALUE cNokogiriHtml4Document ;
+NOKOPUBVAR VALUE cNokogiriHtml4SaxPushParser ;
+NOKOPUBVAR VALUE cNokogiriHtml4ElementDescription ;
+NOKOPUBVAR VALUE cNokogiriHtml4SaxParserContext;
+NOKOPUBVAR VALUE cNokogiriHtml5Document ;
 
 typedef struct _nokogiriTuple {
   VALUE         doc;
@@ -164,6 +170,9 @@ int noko_io_read(void *ctx, char *buffer, int len);
 int noko_io_write(void *ctx, char *buffer, int len);
 int noko_io_close(void *ctx);
 
+#define Noko_Node_Get_Struct(obj,type,sval) ((sval) = (type*)DATA_PTR(obj))
+#define Noko_Namespace_Get_Struct(obj,type,sval) ((sval) = (type*)DATA_PTR(obj))
+
 VALUE noko_xml_node_wrap(VALUE klass, xmlNodePtr node) ;
 VALUE noko_xml_node_wrap_node_set_result(xmlNodePtr node, VALUE node_set) ;
 VALUE noko_xml_node_attrs(xmlNodePtr node) ;
@@ -177,7 +186,8 @@ VALUE noko_xml_node_set_wrap(xmlNodeSetPtr node_set, VALUE document) ;
 
 VALUE noko_xml_document_wrap_with_init_args(VALUE klass, xmlDocPtr doc, int argc, VALUE *argv);
 VALUE noko_xml_document_wrap(VALUE klass, xmlDocPtr doc);
-NOKOPUBFUN VALUE Nokogiri_wrap_xml_document(VALUE klass, xmlDocPtr doc); /* deprecated. use noko_xml_document_wrap() instead. */
+NOKOPUBFUN VALUE Nokogiri_wrap_xml_document(VALUE klass,
+    xmlDocPtr doc); /* deprecated. use noko_xml_document_wrap() instead. */
 
 #define DOC_RUBY_OBJECT_TEST(x) ((nokogiriTuplePtr)(x->_private))
 #define DOC_RUBY_OBJECT(x) (((nokogiriTuplePtr)(x->_private))->doc)
@@ -190,6 +200,15 @@ NOKOPUBFUN VALUE Nokogiri_wrap_xml_document(VALUE klass, xmlDocPtr doc); /* depr
 #define NOKOGIRI_SAX_TUPLE_NEW(_ctxt, _self) nokogiri_sax_tuple_new(_ctxt, _self)
 #define NOKOGIRI_SAX_TUPLE_DESTROY(_tuple) free(_tuple)
 
+#define DISCARD_CONST_QUAL(t, v) ((t)(uintptr_t)(v))
+#define DISCARD_CONST_QUAL_XMLCHAR(v) DISCARD_CONST_QUAL(xmlChar *, v)
+
+#if HAVE_RB_CATEGORY_WARNING
+#  define NOKO_WARN_DEPRECATION(message) rb_category_warning(RB_WARN_CATEGORY_DEPRECATED, message)
+#else
+#  define NOKO_WARN_DEPRECATION(message) rb_warning(message)
+#endif
+
 void Nokogiri_structured_error_func_save(libxmlStructuredErrorHandlerState *handler_state);
 void Nokogiri_structured_error_func_save_and_set(libxmlStructuredErrorHandlerState *handler_state, void *user_data,
     xmlStructuredErrorFunc handler);
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/xml_attr.c b/ext/nokogiri/xml_attr.c
index 63e5498b53..9fbda17320 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/xml_attr.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/xml_attr.c
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ set_value(VALUE self, VALUE content)
   xmlChar *value;
   xmlNode *cur;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlAttr, attr);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlAttr, attr);
 
   if (attr->children) {
     xmlFreeNodeList(attr->children);
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ new (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
     rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "parameter must be a Nokogiri::XML::Document");
   }
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(document, xmlDoc, xml_doc);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(document, xmlDoc, xml_doc);
 
   node = xmlNewDocProp(
            xml_doc,
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/xml_attribute_decl.c b/ext/nokogiri/xml_attribute_decl.c
index 8603ff9553..951e393ce1 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/xml_attribute_decl.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/xml_attribute_decl.c
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ static VALUE
 attribute_type(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlAttributePtr node;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlAttribute, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlAttribute, node);
   return INT2NUM((long)node->atype);
 }
 
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ static VALUE
 default_value(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlAttributePtr node;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlAttribute, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlAttribute, node);
 
   if (node->defaultValue) { return NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(node->defaultValue); }
   return Qnil;
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ enumeration(VALUE self)
   xmlEnumerationPtr enm;
   VALUE list;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlAttribute, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlAttribute, node);
 
   list = rb_ary_new();
   enm = node->tree;
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/xml_cdata.c b/ext/nokogiri/xml_cdata.c
index 954f3ab3e3..6ca23a9eef 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/xml_cdata.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/xml_cdata.c
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ new (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
 
   rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "2*", &doc, &content, &rest);
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(doc, xmlDoc, xml_doc);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(doc, xmlDoc, xml_doc);
 
   if (!NIL_P(content)) {
     content_str = (xmlChar *)StringValuePtr(content);
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/xml_document.c b/ext/nokogiri/xml_document.c
index c76842ef57..f79ee137bf 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/xml_document.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/xml_document.c
@@ -6,19 +6,19 @@ static int
 dealloc_node_i2(xmlNodePtr key, xmlNodePtr node, xmlDocPtr doc)
 {
   switch (node->type) {
-  case XML_ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
-    xmlFreePropList((xmlAttrPtr)node);
-    break;
-  case XML_NAMESPACE_DECL:
-    xmlFreeNs((xmlNsPtr)node);
-    break;
-  case XML_DTD_NODE:
-    xmlFreeDtd((xmlDtdPtr)node);
-    break;
-  default:
-    if (node->parent == NULL) {
-      xmlAddChild((xmlNodePtr)doc, node);
-    }
+    case XML_ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
+      xmlFreePropList((xmlAttrPtr)node);
+      break;
+    case XML_NAMESPACE_DECL:
+      xmlFreeNs((xmlNsPtr)node);
+      break;
+    case XML_DTD_NODE:
+      xmlFreeDtd((xmlDtdPtr)node);
+      break;
+    default:
+      if (node->parent == NULL) {
+        xmlAddChild((xmlNodePtr)doc, node);
+      }
   }
   return ST_CONTINUE;
 }
@@ -104,7 +104,11 @@ recursively_remove_namespaces_from_node(xmlNodePtr node)
        (node->type == XML_XINCLUDE_START) ||
        (node->type == XML_XINCLUDE_END)) &&
       node->nsDef) {
-    xmlFreeNsList(node->nsDef);
+    xmlNsPtr curr = node->nsDef;
+    while (curr) {
+      noko_xml_document_pin_namespace(curr, node->doc);
+      curr = curr->next;
+    }
     node->nsDef = NULL;
   }
 
@@ -161,7 +165,7 @@ rb_xml_document_root_set(VALUE self, VALUE rb_new_root)
                rb_obj_class(rb_new_root));
     }
 
-    Data_Get_Struct(rb_new_root, xmlNode, c_new_root);
+    Noko_Node_Get_Struct(rb_new_root, xmlNode, c_new_root);
 
     /* If the new root's document is not the same as the current document,
      * then we need to dup the node in to this document. */
@@ -213,7 +217,7 @@ set_encoding(VALUE self, VALUE encoding)
   Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlDoc, doc);
 
   if (doc->encoding) {
-    free((char *)(uintptr_t) doc->encoding);  /* avoid gcc cast warning */
+    xmlFree(DISCARD_CONST_QUAL_XMLCHAR(doc->encoding));
   }
 
   doc->encoding = xmlStrdup((xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(encoding));
@@ -533,59 +537,59 @@ block_caller(void *ctx, xmlNodePtr c_node, xmlNodePtr c_parent_node)
 static VALUE
 rb_xml_document_canonicalize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
-  VALUE mode;
-  VALUE incl_ns;
-  VALUE with_comments;
-  xmlChar **ns;
-  long ns_len, i;
+  VALUE rb_mode;
+  VALUE rb_namespaces;
+  VALUE rb_comments_p;
+  xmlChar **c_namespaces;
 
-  xmlDocPtr doc;
-  xmlOutputBufferPtr buf;
-  xmlC14NIsVisibleCallback cb = NULL;
-  void *ctx = NULL;
+  xmlDocPtr c_doc;
+  xmlOutputBufferPtr c_obuf;
+  xmlC14NIsVisibleCallback c_callback_wrapper = NULL;
+  void *rb_callback = NULL;
 
   VALUE rb_cStringIO;
-  VALUE io;
+  VALUE rb_io;
 
-  rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "03", &mode, &incl_ns, &with_comments);
+  rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "03", &rb_mode, &rb_namespaces, &rb_comments_p);
+  if (!NIL_P(rb_mode)) { Check_Type(rb_mode, T_FIXNUM); }
+  if (!NIL_P(rb_namespaces)) { Check_Type(rb_namespaces, T_ARRAY); }
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlDoc, doc);
+  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlDoc, c_doc);
 
   rb_cStringIO = rb_const_get_at(rb_cObject, rb_intern("StringIO"));
-  io           = rb_class_new_instance(0, 0, rb_cStringIO);
-  buf          = xmlAllocOutputBuffer(NULL);
+  rb_io = rb_class_new_instance(0, 0, rb_cStringIO);
+  c_obuf = xmlAllocOutputBuffer(NULL);
 
-  buf->writecallback = (xmlOutputWriteCallback)noko_io_write;
-  buf->closecallback = (xmlOutputCloseCallback)noko_io_close;
-  buf->context       = (void *)io;
+  c_obuf->writecallback = (xmlOutputWriteCallback)noko_io_write;
+  c_obuf->closecallback = (xmlOutputCloseCallback)noko_io_close;
+  c_obuf->context = (void *)rb_io;
 
   if (rb_block_given_p()) {
-    cb = block_caller;
-    ctx = (void *)rb_block_proc();
+    c_callback_wrapper = block_caller;
+    rb_callback = (void *)rb_block_proc();
   }
 
-  if (NIL_P(incl_ns)) {
-    ns = NULL;
+  if (NIL_P(rb_namespaces)) {
+    c_namespaces = NULL;
   } else {
-    Check_Type(incl_ns, T_ARRAY);
-    ns_len = RARRAY_LEN(incl_ns);
-    ns = calloc((size_t)ns_len + 1, sizeof(xmlChar *));
-    for (i = 0 ; i < ns_len ; i++) {
-      VALUE entry = rb_ary_entry(incl_ns, i);
-      ns[i] = (xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(entry);
+    long ns_len = RARRAY_LEN(rb_namespaces);
+    c_namespaces = calloc((size_t)ns_len + 1, sizeof(xmlChar *));
+    for (int j = 0 ; j < ns_len ; j++) {
+      VALUE entry = rb_ary_entry(rb_namespaces, j);
+      c_namespaces[j] = (xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(entry);
     }
   }
 
+  xmlC14NExecute(c_doc, c_callback_wrapper, rb_callback,
+                 (int)(NIL_P(rb_mode) ? 0 : NUM2INT(rb_mode)),
+                 c_namespaces,
+                 (int)RTEST(rb_comments_p),
+                 c_obuf);
 
-  xmlC14NExecute(doc, cb, ctx,
-                 (int)(NIL_P(mode)        ? 0 : NUM2INT(mode)),
-                 ns,
-                 (int)      RTEST(with_comments),
-                 buf);
-
-  xmlOutputBufferClose(buf);
+  free(c_namespaces);
+  xmlOutputBufferClose(c_obuf);
 
-  return rb_funcall(io, rb_intern("string"), 0);
+  return rb_funcall(rb_io, rb_intern("string"), 0);
 }
 
 VALUE
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/xml_document_fragment.c b/ext/nokogiri/xml_document_fragment.c
index f509815fda..81639576d7 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/xml_document_fragment.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/xml_document_fragment.c
@@ -28,8 +28,6 @@ new (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
   rb_node = noko_xml_node_wrap(klass, node);
   rb_obj_call_init(rb_node, argc, argv);
 
-  if (rb_block_given_p()) { rb_yield(rb_node); }
-
   return rb_node;
 }
 
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/xml_dtd.c b/ext/nokogiri/xml_dtd.c
index f9cb71fea6..05be753b51 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/xml_dtd.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/xml_dtd.c
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ entities(VALUE self)
   xmlDtdPtr dtd;
   VALUE hash;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlDtd, dtd);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlDtd, dtd);
 
   if (!dtd->entities) { return Qnil; }
 
@@ -57,9 +57,9 @@ entities(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   notations
+ *   notations() → Hash<name(String)⇒Notation>
  *
- * Get a hash of the notations for this DTD.
+ * [Returns] All the notations for this DTD in a Hash of Notation +name+ to Notation.
  */
 static VALUE
 notations(VALUE self)
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ notations(VALUE self)
   xmlDtdPtr dtd;
   VALUE hash;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlDtd, dtd);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlDtd, dtd);
 
   if (!dtd->notations) { return Qnil; }
 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ attributes(VALUE self)
   xmlDtdPtr dtd;
   VALUE hash;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlDtd, dtd);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlDtd, dtd);
 
   hash = rb_hash_new();
 
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ elements(VALUE self)
   xmlDtdPtr dtd;
   VALUE hash;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlDtd, dtd);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlDtd, dtd);
 
   if (!dtd->elements) { return Qnil; }
 
@@ -138,8 +138,8 @@ validate(VALUE self, VALUE document)
   xmlValidCtxtPtr ctxt;
   VALUE error_list;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlDtd, dtd);
-  Data_Get_Struct(document, xmlDoc, doc);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlDtd, dtd);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(document, xmlDoc, doc);
   error_list = rb_ary_new();
 
   ctxt = xmlNewValidCtxt();
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ static VALUE
 system_id(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlDtdPtr dtd;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlDtd, dtd);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlDtd, dtd);
 
   if (!dtd->SystemID) { return Qnil; }
 
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ static VALUE
 external_id(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlDtdPtr dtd;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlDtd, dtd);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlDtd, dtd);
 
   if (!dtd->ExternalID) { return Qnil; }
 
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/xml_element_content.c b/ext/nokogiri/xml_element_content.c
index dc4debb290..64176f0a1f 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/xml_element_content.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/xml_element_content.c
@@ -116,6 +116,8 @@ noko_init_xml_element_content()
 {
   cNokogiriXmlElementContent = rb_define_class_under(mNokogiriXml, "ElementContent", rb_cObject);
 
+  rb_undef_alloc_func(cNokogiriXmlElementContent);
+
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlElementContent, "name", get_name, 0);
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlElementContent, "type", get_type, 0);
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlElementContent, "occur", get_occur, 0);
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/xml_element_decl.c b/ext/nokogiri/xml_element_decl.c
index 178c69b80d..392a300372 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/xml_element_decl.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/xml_element_decl.c
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ static VALUE
 element_type(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlElementPtr node;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlElement, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlElement, node);
   return INT2NUM((long)node->etype);
 }
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ static VALUE
 content(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlElementPtr node;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlElement, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlElement, node);
 
   if (!node->content) { return Qnil; }
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ static VALUE
 prefix(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlElementPtr node;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlElement, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlElement, node);
 
   if (!node->prefix) { return Qnil; }
 
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/xml_encoding_handler.c b/ext/nokogiri/xml_encoding_handler.c
index 0202b3c27f..8d5b88ecd5 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/xml_encoding_handler.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/xml_encoding_handler.c
@@ -1,69 +1,84 @@
 #include <nokogiri.h>
 
+VALUE cNokogiriEncodingHandler;
+
+
+static void
+_xml_encoding_handler_dealloc(xmlCharEncodingHandlerPtr c_handler)
+{
+  /* make sure iconv handlers are cleaned up and freed */
+  xmlCharEncCloseFunc(c_handler);
+}
+
+
 /*
  * call-seq: Nokogiri::EncodingHandler.[](name)
  *
  * Get the encoding handler for +name+
  */
 static VALUE
-get(VALUE klass, VALUE key)
+rb_xml_encoding_handler_s_get(VALUE klass, VALUE key)
 {
   xmlCharEncodingHandlerPtr handler;
 
   handler = xmlFindCharEncodingHandler(StringValueCStr(key));
   if (handler) {
-    return Data_Wrap_Struct(klass, NULL, NULL, handler);
+    return Data_Wrap_Struct(klass, NULL, _xml_encoding_handler_dealloc, handler);
   }
 
   return Qnil;
 }
 
+
 /*
  * call-seq: Nokogiri::EncodingHandler.delete(name)
  *
  * Delete the encoding alias named +name+
  */
 static VALUE
-delete (VALUE klass, VALUE name)
+rb_xml_encoding_handler_s_delete(VALUE klass, VALUE name)
 {
   if (xmlDelEncodingAlias(StringValueCStr(name))) { return Qnil; }
 
   return Qtrue;
 }
 
+
 /*
  * call-seq: Nokogiri::EncodingHandler.alias(from, to)
  *
  * Alias encoding handler with name +from+ to name +to+
  */
 static VALUE
-alias(VALUE klass, VALUE from, VALUE to)
+rb_xml_encoding_handler_s_alias(VALUE klass, VALUE from, VALUE to)
 {
   xmlAddEncodingAlias(StringValueCStr(from), StringValueCStr(to));
 
   return to;
 }
 
+
 /*
  * call-seq: Nokogiri::EncodingHandler.clear_aliases!
  *
  * Remove all encoding aliases.
  */
 static VALUE
-clear_aliases(VALUE klass)
+rb_xml_encoding_handler_s_clear_aliases(VALUE klass)
 {
   xmlCleanupEncodingAliases();
 
   return klass;
 }
 
+
 /*
  * call-seq: name
  *
  * Get the name of this EncodingHandler
  */
 static VALUE
-name(VALUE self)
+rb_xml_encoding_handler_name(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlCharEncodingHandlerPtr handler;
 
@@ -72,14 +87,18 @@ name(VALUE self)
   return NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(handler->name);
 }
 
+
 void
 noko_init_xml_encoding_handler()
 {
-  VALUE klass = rb_define_class_under(mNokogiri, "EncodingHandler", rb_cObject);
+  cNokogiriEncodingHandler = rb_define_class_under(mNokogiri, "EncodingHandler", rb_cObject);
+
+  rb_undef_alloc_func(cNokogiriEncodingHandler);
+
+  rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriEncodingHandler, "[]", rb_xml_encoding_handler_s_get, 1);
+  rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriEncodingHandler, "delete", rb_xml_encoding_handler_s_delete, 1);
+  rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriEncodingHandler, "alias", rb_xml_encoding_handler_s_alias, 2);
+  rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriEncodingHandler, "clear_aliases!", rb_xml_encoding_handler_s_clear_aliases, 0);
 
-  rb_define_singleton_method(klass, "[]", get, 1);
-  rb_define_singleton_method(klass, "delete", delete, 1);
-  rb_define_singleton_method(klass, "alias", alias, 2);
-  rb_define_singleton_method(klass, "clear_aliases!", clear_aliases, 0);
-  rb_define_method(klass, "name", name, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriEncodingHandler, "name", rb_xml_encoding_handler_name, 0);
 }
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/xml_entity_decl.c b/ext/nokogiri/xml_entity_decl.c
index 50893d2da1..846509abe8 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/xml_entity_decl.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/xml_entity_decl.c
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ static VALUE
 original_content(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlEntityPtr node;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlEntity, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlEntity, node);
 
   if (!node->orig) { return Qnil; }
 
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ static VALUE
 get_content(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlEntityPtr node;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlEntity, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlEntity, node);
 
   if (!node->content) { return Qnil; }
 
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ static VALUE
 entity_type(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlEntityPtr node;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlEntity, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlEntity, node);
 
   return INT2NUM((int)node->etype);
 }
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ static VALUE
 external_id(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlEntityPtr node;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlEntity, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlEntity, node);
 
   if (!node->ExternalID) { return Qnil; }
 
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ static VALUE
 system_id(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlEntityPtr node;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlEntity, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlEntity, node);
 
   if (!node->SystemID) { return Qnil; }
 
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/xml_namespace.c b/ext/nokogiri/xml_namespace.c
index f15bd57700..52b49c5207 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/xml_namespace.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/xml_namespace.c
@@ -25,23 +25,55 @@
 VALUE cNokogiriXmlNamespace ;
 
 static void
-dealloc_namespace(xmlNsPtr ns)
+_xml_namespace_dealloc(void *ptr)
 {
   /*
    * this deallocator is only used for namespace nodes that are part of an xpath
    * node set. see noko_xml_namespace_wrap().
    */
+  xmlNsPtr ns = ptr;
   NOKOGIRI_DEBUG_START(ns) ;
+
   if (ns->href) {
-    xmlFree((xmlChar *)(uintptr_t)ns->href);
+    xmlFree(DISCARD_CONST_QUAL_XMLCHAR(ns->href));
   }
   if (ns->prefix) {
-    xmlFree((xmlChar *)(uintptr_t)ns->prefix);
+    xmlFree(DISCARD_CONST_QUAL_XMLCHAR(ns->prefix));
   }
   xmlFree(ns);
   NOKOGIRI_DEBUG_END(ns) ;
 }
 
+#ifdef HAVE_RB_GC_LOCATION
+static void
+_xml_namespace_update_references(void *ptr)
+{
+  xmlNsPtr ns = ptr;
+  if (ns->_private) {
+    ns->_private = (void *)rb_gc_location((VALUE)ns->_private);
+  }
+}
+#else
+#  define _xml_namespace_update_references 0
+#endif
+
+static const rb_data_type_t nokogiri_xml_namespace_type_with_dealloc = {
+  "Nokogiri/XMLNamespace/WithDealloc",
+  {0, _xml_namespace_dealloc, 0, _xml_namespace_update_references},
+  0, 0,
+#ifdef RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
+  RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+#endif
+};
+
+static const rb_data_type_t nokogiri_xml_namespace_type_without_dealloc = {
+  "Nokogiri/XMLNamespace/WithoutDealloc",
+  {0, 0, 0, _xml_namespace_update_references},
+  0, 0,
+#ifdef RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
+  RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+#endif
+};
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
@@ -54,7 +86,7 @@ prefix(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlNsPtr ns;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNs, ns);
+  Noko_Namespace_Get_Struct(self, xmlNs, ns);
   if (!ns->prefix) { return Qnil; }
 
   return NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(ns->prefix);
@@ -71,7 +103,7 @@ href(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlNsPtr ns;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNs, ns);
+  Noko_Namespace_Get_Struct(self, xmlNs, ns);
   if (!ns->href) { return Qnil; }
 
   return NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(ns->href);
@@ -87,14 +119,18 @@ noko_xml_namespace_wrap(xmlNsPtr c_namespace, xmlDocPtr c_document)
   }
 
   if (c_document) {
-    rb_namespace = Data_Wrap_Struct(cNokogiriXmlNamespace, 0, 0, c_namespace);
+    rb_namespace = TypedData_Wrap_Struct(cNokogiriXmlNamespace,
+                                         &nokogiri_xml_namespace_type_without_dealloc,
+                                         c_namespace);
 
     if (DOC_RUBY_OBJECT_TEST(c_document)) {
       rb_iv_set(rb_namespace, "@document", DOC_RUBY_OBJECT(c_document));
       rb_ary_push(DOC_NODE_CACHE(c_document), rb_namespace);
     }
   } else {
-    rb_namespace = Data_Wrap_Struct(cNokogiriXmlNamespace, 0, dealloc_namespace, c_namespace);
+    rb_namespace = TypedData_Wrap_Struct(cNokogiriXmlNamespace,
+                                         &nokogiri_xml_namespace_type_with_dealloc,
+                                         c_namespace);
   }
 
   c_namespace->_private = (void *)rb_namespace;
@@ -113,6 +149,8 @@ noko_init_xml_namespace()
 {
   cNokogiriXmlNamespace = rb_define_class_under(mNokogiriXml, "Namespace", rb_cObject);
 
+  rb_undef_alloc_func(cNokogiriXmlNamespace);
+
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNamespace, "prefix", prefix, 0);
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNamespace, "href", href, 0);
 }
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/xml_node.c b/ext/nokogiri/xml_node.c
index 93e37c35a6..01b5602b65 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/xml_node.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/xml_node.c
@@ -1,23 +1,30 @@
 #include <nokogiri.h>
 
-VALUE cNokogiriXmlNode ;
+// :stopdoc:
 
+VALUE cNokogiriXmlNode ;
 static ID id_decorate, id_decorate_bang;
 
+typedef xmlNodePtr(*pivot_reparentee_func)(xmlNodePtr, xmlNodePtr);
+
 #ifdef DEBUG
 static void
-debug_node_dealloc(xmlNodePtr x)
+_xml_node_dealloc(xmlNodePtr x)
 {
   NOKOGIRI_DEBUG_START(x)
   NOKOGIRI_DEBUG_END(x)
 }
 #else
-#  define debug_node_dealloc 0
+#  define _xml_node_dealloc 0
 #endif
 
 static void
-mark(xmlNodePtr node)
+_xml_node_mark(xmlNodePtr node)
 {
+  if (!DOC_RUBY_OBJECT_TEST(node->doc)) {
+    return;
+  }
+
   xmlDocPtr doc = node->doc;
   if (doc->type == XML_DOCUMENT_NODE || doc->type == XML_HTML_DOCUMENT_NODE) {
     if (DOC_RUBY_OBJECT_TEST(doc)) {
@@ -28,14 +35,37 @@ mark(xmlNodePtr node)
   }
 }
 
-/* :nodoc: */
-typedef xmlNodePtr(*pivot_reparentee_func)(xmlNodePtr, xmlNodePtr);
+#ifdef HAVE_RB_GC_LOCATION
+static void
+_xml_node_update_references(xmlNodePtr node)
+{
+  if (node->_private) {
+    node->_private = (void *)rb_gc_location((VALUE)node->_private);
+  }
+}
+#endif
+
+typedef void (*gc_callback_t)(void *);
+
+static const rb_data_type_t nokogiri_node_type = {
+  "Nokogiri/XMLNode",
+  {
+    (gc_callback_t)_xml_node_mark, (gc_callback_t)_xml_node_dealloc, 0,
+#ifdef HAVE_RB_GC_LOCATION
+    (gc_callback_t)_xml_node_update_references
+#endif
+  },
+  0, 0,
+#ifdef RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
+  RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+#endif
+};
 
-/* :nodoc: */
 static void
 relink_namespace(xmlNodePtr reparented)
 {
   xmlNodePtr child;
+  xmlAttrPtr attr;
 
   if (reparented->type != XML_ATTRIBUTE_NODE &&
       reparented->type != XML_ELEMENT_NODE) { return; }
@@ -69,7 +99,9 @@ relink_namespace(xmlNodePtr reparented)
   if (reparented->type != XML_ELEMENT_NODE || !reparented->parent) { return; }
 
   /* Make sure that our reparented node has the correct namespaces */
-  if (!reparented->ns && reparented->doc != (xmlDocPtr)reparented->parent) {
+  if (!reparented->ns &&
+      (reparented->doc != (xmlDocPtr)reparented->parent) &&
+      (rb_iv_get(DOC_RUBY_OBJECT(reparented->doc), "@namespace_inheritance") == Qtrue)) {
     xmlSetNs(reparented, reparented->parent->ns);
   }
 
@@ -132,15 +164,17 @@ relink_namespace(xmlNodePtr reparented)
   }
 
   if (reparented->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
-    child = (xmlNodePtr)((xmlElementPtr)reparented)->attributes;
-    while (NULL != child) {
-      relink_namespace(child);
-      child = child->next;
+    attr = reparented->properties;
+    while (NULL != attr) {
+      relink_namespace((xmlNodePtr)attr);
+      attr = attr->next;
     }
   }
 }
 
-/* :nodoc: */
+
+/* internal function meant to wrap xmlReplaceNode
+   and fix some issues we have with libxml2 merging nodes */
 static xmlNodePtr
 xmlReplaceNodeWrapper(xmlNodePtr pivot, xmlNodePtr new_node)
 {
@@ -165,12 +199,23 @@ xmlReplaceNodeWrapper(xmlNodePtr pivot, xmlNodePtr new_node)
   return retval ;
 }
 
-/* :nodoc: */
+
+static void
+raise_if_ancestor_of_self(xmlNodePtr self)
+{
+  for (xmlNodePtr ancestor = self->parent ; ancestor ; ancestor = ancestor->parent) {
+    if (self == ancestor) {
+      rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "cycle detected: node '%s' is an ancestor of itself", self->name);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+
 static VALUE
 reparent_node_with(VALUE pivot_obj, VALUE reparentee_obj, pivot_reparentee_func prf)
 {
   VALUE reparented_obj ;
-  xmlNodePtr reparentee, pivot, reparented, next_text, new_next_text, parent ;
+  xmlNodePtr reparentee, original_reparentee, pivot, reparented, next_text, new_next_text, parent ;
   int original_ns_prefix_is_default = 0 ;
 
   if (!rb_obj_is_kind_of(reparentee_obj, cNokogiriXmlNode)) {
@@ -180,8 +225,8 @@ reparent_node_with(VALUE pivot_obj, VALUE reparentee_obj, pivot_reparentee_func
     rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "node must be a Nokogiri::XML::Node");
   }
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(reparentee_obj, xmlNode, reparentee);
-  Data_Get_Struct(pivot_obj, xmlNode, pivot);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(reparentee_obj, xmlNode, reparentee);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(pivot_obj, xmlNode, pivot);
 
   /*
    * Check if nodes given are appropriate to have a parent-child
@@ -197,66 +242,66 @@ reparent_node_with(VALUE pivot_obj, VALUE reparentee_obj, pivot_reparentee_func
 
   if (parent) {
     switch (parent->type) {
-    case XML_DOCUMENT_NODE:
-    case XML_HTML_DOCUMENT_NODE:
-      switch (reparentee->type) {
-      case XML_ELEMENT_NODE:
-      case XML_PI_NODE:
-      case XML_COMMENT_NODE:
-      case XML_DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE:
-      /*
-       * The DOM specification says no to adding text-like nodes
-       * directly to a document, but we allow it for compatibility.
-       */
-      case XML_TEXT_NODE:
-      case XML_CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
-      case XML_ENTITY_REF_NODE:
-        goto ok;
-      default:
+      case XML_DOCUMENT_NODE:
+      case XML_HTML_DOCUMENT_NODE:
+        switch (reparentee->type) {
+          case XML_ELEMENT_NODE:
+          case XML_PI_NODE:
+          case XML_COMMENT_NODE:
+          case XML_DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE:
+          /*
+           * The DOM specification says no to adding text-like nodes
+           * directly to a document, but we allow it for compatibility.
+           */
+          case XML_TEXT_NODE:
+          case XML_CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
+          case XML_ENTITY_REF_NODE:
+            goto ok;
+          default:
+            break;
+        }
         break;
-      }
-      break;
-    case XML_DOCUMENT_FRAG_NODE:
-    case XML_ENTITY_REF_NODE:
-    case XML_ELEMENT_NODE:
-      switch (reparentee->type) {
-      case XML_ELEMENT_NODE:
-      case XML_PI_NODE:
-      case XML_COMMENT_NODE:
-      case XML_TEXT_NODE:
-      case XML_CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
+      case XML_DOCUMENT_FRAG_NODE:
       case XML_ENTITY_REF_NODE:
-        goto ok;
-      default:
+      case XML_ELEMENT_NODE:
+        switch (reparentee->type) {
+          case XML_ELEMENT_NODE:
+          case XML_PI_NODE:
+          case XML_COMMENT_NODE:
+          case XML_TEXT_NODE:
+          case XML_CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
+          case XML_ENTITY_REF_NODE:
+            goto ok;
+          default:
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+      case XML_ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
+        switch (reparentee->type) {
+          case XML_TEXT_NODE:
+          case XML_ENTITY_REF_NODE:
+            goto ok;
+          default:
+            break;
+        }
         break;
-      }
-      break;
-    case XML_ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
-      switch (reparentee->type) {
       case XML_TEXT_NODE:
-      case XML_ENTITY_REF_NODE:
-        goto ok;
+        /*
+         * xmlAddChild() breaks the DOM specification in that it allows
+         * adding a text node to another, in which case text nodes are
+         * coalesced, but since our JRuby version does not support such
+         * operation, we should inhibit it.
+         */
+        break;
       default:
         break;
-      }
-      break;
-    case XML_TEXT_NODE:
-      /*
-       * xmlAddChild() breaks the DOM specification in that it allows
-       * adding a text node to another, in which case text nodes are
-       * coalesced, but since our JRuby version does not support such
-       * operation, we should inhibit it.
-       */
-      break;
-    default:
-      break;
     }
 
     rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "cannot reparent %s there", rb_obj_classname(reparentee_obj));
   }
 
 ok:
-  xmlUnlinkNode(reparentee);
+  original_reparentee = reparentee;
 
   if (reparentee->doc != pivot->doc || reparentee->type == XML_TEXT_NODE) {
     /*
@@ -308,11 +353,13 @@ reparent_node_with(VALUE pivot_obj, VALUE reparentee_obj, pivot_reparentee_func
        *  issue #391, where new node's prefix may become the string "default"
        *  see libxml2 tree.c xmlNewReconciliedNs which implements this behavior.
        */
-      xmlFree((xmlChar *)reparentee->ns->prefix);
+      xmlFree(DISCARD_CONST_QUAL_XMLCHAR(reparentee->ns->prefix));
       reparentee->ns->prefix = NULL;
     }
   }
 
+  xmlUnlinkNode(original_reparentee);
+
   if (prf != xmlAddPrevSibling && prf != xmlAddNextSibling
       && reparentee->type == XML_TEXT_NODE && pivot->next && pivot->next->type == XML_TEXT_NODE) {
     /*
@@ -352,49 +399,421 @@ reparent_node_with(VALUE pivot_obj, VALUE reparentee_obj, pivot_reparentee_func
    *  adjacent text nodes.
    */
   DATA_PTR(reparentee_obj) = reparented ;
-
-  relink_namespace(reparented);
-
   reparented_obj = noko_xml_node_wrap(Qnil, reparented);
 
   rb_funcall(reparented_obj, id_decorate_bang, 0);
 
+  /* if we've created a cycle, raise an exception */
+  raise_if_ancestor_of_self(reparented);
+
+  relink_namespace(reparented);
+
   return reparented_obj ;
 }
 
+// :startdoc:
 
 /*
- * call-seq:
- *  document
+ * :call-seq:
+ *   add_namespace_definition(prefix, href) → Nokogiri::XML::Namespace
+ *   add_namespace(prefix, href) → Nokogiri::XML::Namespace
+ *
+ * :category: Manipulating Document Structure
+ *
+ * Adds a namespace definition to this node with +prefix+ using +href+ value, as if this node had
+ * included an attribute "xmlns:prefix=href".
+ *
+ * A default namespace definition for this node can be added by passing +nil+ for +prefix+.
+ *
+ * [Parameters]
+ * - +prefix+ (String, +nil+) An {XML Name}[https://www.w3.org/TR/xml-names/#ns-decl]
+ * - +href+ (String) The {URI reference}[https://www.w3.org/TR/xml-names/#sec-namespaces]
+ *
+ * [Returns] The new Nokogiri::XML::Namespace
+ *
+ * *Example:* adding a non-default namespace definition
+ *
+ *   doc = Nokogiri::XML("<store><inventory></inventory></store>")
+ *   inventory = doc.at_css("inventory")
+ *   inventory.add_namespace_definition("automobile", "http://alices-autos.com/")
+ *   inventory.add_namespace_definition("bicycle", "http://bobs-bikes.com/")
+ *   inventory.add_child("<automobile:tire>Michelin model XGV, size 75R</automobile:tire>")
+ *   doc.to_xml
+ *   # => "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>\n" +
+ *   #    "<store>\n" +
+ *   #    "  <inventory xmlns:automobile=\"http://alices-autos.com/\" xmlns:bicycle=\"http://bobs-bikes.com/\">\n" +
+ *   #    "    <automobile:tire>Michelin model XGV, size 75R</automobile:tire>\n" +
+ *   #    "  </inventory>\n" +
+ *   #    "</store>\n"
+ *
+ * *Example:* adding a default namespace definition
+ *
+ *   doc = Nokogiri::XML("<store><inventory><tire>Michelin model XGV, size 75R</tire></inventory></store>")
+ *   doc.at_css("tire").add_namespace_definition(nil, "http://bobs-bikes.com/")
+ *   doc.to_xml
+ *   # => "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>\n" +
+ *   #    "<store>\n" +
+ *   #    "  <inventory>\n" +
+ *   #    "    <tire xmlns=\"http://bobs-bikes.com/\">Michelin model XGV, size 75R</tire>\n" +
+ *   #    "  </inventory>\n" +
+ *   #    "</store>\n"
  *
- * Get the document for this Node
  */
 static VALUE
-document(VALUE self)
+rb_xml_node_add_namespace_definition(VALUE rb_node, VALUE rb_prefix, VALUE rb_href)
+{
+  xmlNodePtr c_node, element;
+  xmlNsPtr c_namespace;
+  const xmlChar *c_prefix = (const xmlChar *)(NIL_P(rb_prefix) ? NULL : StringValueCStr(rb_prefix));
+
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(rb_node, xmlNode, c_node);
+  element = c_node ;
+
+  c_namespace = xmlSearchNs(c_node->doc, c_node, c_prefix);
+
+  if (!c_namespace) {
+    if (c_node->type != XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
+      element = c_node->parent;
+    }
+    c_namespace = xmlNewNs(element, (const xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(rb_href), c_prefix);
+  }
+
+  if (!c_namespace) {
+    return Qnil ;
+  }
+
+  if (NIL_P(rb_prefix) || c_node != element) {
+    xmlSetNs(c_node, c_namespace);
+  }
+
+  return noko_xml_namespace_wrap(c_namespace, c_node->doc);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * :call-seq: attribute(name) → Nokogiri::XML::Attr
+ *
+ * :category: Working With Node Attributes
+ *
+ * [Returns] Attribute (Nokogiri::XML::Attr) belonging to this node with name +name+.
+ *
+ * ⚠ Note that attribute namespaces are ignored and only the simple (non-namespace-prefixed) name is
+ * used to find a matching attribute. In case of a simple name collision, only one of the matching
+ * attributes will be returned. In this case, you will need to use #attribute_with_ns.
+ *
+ * *Example:*
+ *
+ *   doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root><child size='large' class='big wide tall'/></root>")
+ *   child = doc.at_css("child")
+ *   child.attribute("size") # => #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x550 name="size" value="large">
+ *   child.attribute("class") # => #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x564 name="class" value="big wide tall">
+ *
+ * *Example* showing that namespaced attributes will not be returned:
+ *
+ * ⚠ Note that only one of the two matching attributes is returned.
+ *
+ *   doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<~EOF)
+ *     <root xmlns:width='http://example.com/widths'
+ *           xmlns:height='http://example.com/heights'>
+ *       <child width:size='broad' height:size='tall'/>
+ *     </root>
+ *   EOF
+ *   doc.at_css("child").attribute("size")
+ *   # => #(Attr:0x550 {
+ *   #      name = "size",
+ *   #      namespace = #(Namespace:0x564 {
+ *   #        prefix = "width",
+ *   #        href = "http://example.com/widths"
+ *   #        }),
+ *   #      value = "broad"
+ *   #      })
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_xml_node_attribute(VALUE self, VALUE name)
 {
   xmlNodePtr node;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  xmlAttrPtr prop;
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  prop = xmlHasProp(node, (xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(name));
+
+  if (! prop) { return Qnil; }
+  return noko_xml_node_wrap(Qnil, (xmlNodePtr)prop);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * :call-seq: attribute_nodes() → Array<Nokogiri::XML::Attr>
+ *
+ * :category: Working With Node Attributes
+ *
+ * [Returns] Attributes (an Array of Nokogiri::XML::Attr) belonging to this node.
+ *
+ * Note that this is the preferred alternative to #attributes when the simple
+ * (non-namespace-prefixed) attribute names may collide.
+ *
+ * *Example:*
+ *
+ * Contrast this with the colliding-name example from #attributes.
+ *
+ *   doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<~EOF)
+ *     <root xmlns:width='http://example.com/widths'
+ *           xmlns:height='http://example.com/heights'>
+ *       <child width:size='broad' height:size='tall'/>
+ *     </root>
+ *   EOF
+ *   doc.at_css("child").attribute_nodes
+ *   # => [#(Attr:0x550 {
+ *   #       name = "size",
+ *   #       namespace = #(Namespace:0x564 {
+ *   #         prefix = "width",
+ *   #         href = "http://example.com/widths"
+ *   #         }),
+ *   #       value = "broad"
+ *   #       }),
+ *   #     #(Attr:0x578 {
+ *   #       name = "size",
+ *   #       namespace = #(Namespace:0x58c {
+ *   #         prefix = "height",
+ *   #         href = "http://example.com/heights"
+ *   #         }),
+ *   #       value = "tall"
+ *   #       })]
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_xml_node_attribute_nodes(VALUE rb_node)
+{
+  xmlNodePtr c_node;
+
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(rb_node, xmlNode, c_node);
+
+  return noko_xml_node_attrs(c_node);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * :call-seq: attribute_with_ns(name, namespace) → Nokogiri::XML::Attr
+ *
+ * :category: Working With Node Attributes
+ *
+ * [Returns]
+ *   Attribute (Nokogiri::XML::Attr) belonging to this node with matching +name+ and +namespace+.
+ *
+ * [Parameters]
+ * - +name+ (String): the simple (non-namespace-prefixed) name of the attribute
+ * - +namespace+ (String): the URI of the attribute's namespace
+ *
+ * See related: #attribute
+ *
+ * *Example:*
+ *
+ *   doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<~EOF)
+ *     <root xmlns:width='http://example.com/widths'
+ *           xmlns:height='http://example.com/heights'>
+ *       <child width:size='broad' height:size='tall'/>
+ *     </root>
+ *   EOF
+ *   doc.at_css("child").attribute_with_ns("size", "http://example.com/widths")
+ *   # => #(Attr:0x550 {
+ *   #      name = "size",
+ *   #      namespace = #(Namespace:0x564 {
+ *   #        prefix = "width",
+ *   #        href = "http://example.com/widths"
+ *   #        }),
+ *   #      value = "broad"
+ *   #      })
+ *   doc.at_css("child").attribute_with_ns("size", "http://example.com/heights")
+ *   # => #(Attr:0x578 {
+ *   #      name = "size",
+ *   #      namespace = #(Namespace:0x58c {
+ *   #        prefix = "height",
+ *   #        href = "http://example.com/heights"
+ *   #        }),
+ *   #      value = "tall"
+ *   #      })
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_xml_node_attribute_with_ns(VALUE self, VALUE name, VALUE namespace)
+{
+  xmlNodePtr node;
+  xmlAttrPtr prop;
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  prop = xmlHasNsProp(node, (xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(name),
+                      NIL_P(namespace) ? NULL : (xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(namespace));
+
+  if (! prop) { return Qnil; }
+  return noko_xml_node_wrap(Qnil, (xmlNodePtr)prop);
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+ * call-seq: blank? → Boolean
+ *
+ * [Returns] +true+ if the node is an empty or whitespace-only text or cdata node, else +false+.
+ *
+ * *Example:*
+ *
+ *     Nokogiri("<root><child/></root>").root.child.blank? # => false
+ *     Nokogiri("<root>\t \n</root>").root.child.blank? # => true
+ *     Nokogiri("<root><![CDATA[\t \n]]></root>").root.child.blank? # => true
+ *     Nokogiri("<root>not-blank</root>").root.child
+ *       .tap { |n| n.content = "" }.blank # => true
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_xml_node_blank_eh(VALUE self)
+{
+  xmlNodePtr node;
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  return (1 == xmlIsBlankNode(node)) ? Qtrue : Qfalse ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * :call-seq: child() → Nokogiri::XML::Node
+ *
+ * :category: Traversing Document Structure
+ *
+ * [Returns] First of this node's children, or +nil+ if there are no children
+ *
+ * This is a convenience method and is equivalent to:
+ *
+ *   node.children.first
+ *
+ * See related: #children
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_xml_node_child(VALUE self)
+{
+  xmlNodePtr node, child;
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+
+  child = node->children;
+  if (!child) { return Qnil; }
+
+  return noko_xml_node_wrap(Qnil, child);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * :call-seq: children() → Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet
+ *
+ * :category: Traversing Document Structure
+ *
+ * [Returns] Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet containing this node's children.
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_xml_node_children(VALUE self)
+{
+  xmlNodePtr node;
+  xmlNodePtr child;
+  xmlNodeSetPtr set;
+  VALUE document;
+  VALUE node_set;
+
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+
+  child = node->children;
+  set = xmlXPathNodeSetCreate(child);
+
+  document = DOC_RUBY_OBJECT(node->doc);
+
+  if (!child) { return noko_xml_node_set_wrap(set, document); }
+
+  child = child->next;
+  while (NULL != child) {
+    xmlXPathNodeSetAddUnique(set, child);
+    child = child->next;
+  }
+
+  node_set = noko_xml_node_set_wrap(set, document);
+
+  return node_set;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * :call-seq:
+ *   content() → String
+ *   inner_text() → String
+ *   text() → String
+ *   to_str() → String
+ *
+ * [Returns]
+ *   Contents of all the text nodes in this node's subtree, concatenated together into a single
+ *   String.
+ *
+ * ⚠ Note that entities will _always_ be expanded in the returned String.
+ *
+ * See related: #inner_html
+ *
+ * *Example* of how entities are handled:
+ *
+ * Note that <tt>&lt;</tt> becomes <tt><</tt> in the returned String.
+ *
+ *   doc = Nokogiri::XML.fragment("<child>a &lt; b</child>")
+ *   doc.at_css("child").content
+ *   # => "a < b"
+ *
+ * *Example* of how a subtree is handled:
+ *
+ * Note that the <tt><span></tt> tags are omitted and only the text node contents are returned,
+ * concatenated into a single string.
+ *
+ *   doc = Nokogiri::XML.fragment("<child><span>first</span> <span>second</span></child>")
+ *   doc.at_css("child").content
+ *   # => "first second"
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_xml_node_content(VALUE self)
+{
+  xmlNodePtr node;
+  xmlChar *content;
+
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+
+  content = xmlNodeGetContent(node);
+  if (content) {
+    VALUE rval = NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(content);
+    xmlFree(content);
+    return rval;
+  }
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * :call-seq: document() → Nokogiri::XML::Document
+ *
+ * :category: Traversing Document Structure
+ *
+ * [Returns] Parent Nokogiri::XML::Document for this node
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_xml_node_document(VALUE self)
+{
+  xmlNodePtr node;
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
   return DOC_RUBY_OBJECT(node->doc);
 }
 
 /*
- * call-seq:
- *  pointer_id
+ * :call-seq: pointer_id() → Integer
  *
- * Get the internal pointer number
+ * [Returns]
+ *   A unique id for this node based on the internal memory structures. This method is used by #==
+ *   to determine node identity.
  */
 static VALUE
-pointer_id(VALUE self)
+rb_xml_node_pointer_id(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlNodePtr node;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
 
   return INT2NUM((long)(node));
 }
 
 /*
- * call-seq:
- *  encode_special_chars(string)
+ * :call-seq: encode_special_chars(string) → String
  *
  * Encode any special characters in +string+
  */
@@ -405,7 +824,7 @@ encode_special_chars(VALUE self, VALUE string)
   xmlChar *encoded;
   VALUE encoded_str;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
   encoded = xmlEncodeSpecialChars(
               node->doc,
               (const xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(string)
@@ -418,8 +837,8 @@ encode_special_chars(VALUE self, VALUE string)
 }
 
 /*
- * call-seq:
- *  create_internal_subset(name, external_id, system_id)
+ * :call-seq:
+ *   create_internal_subset(name, external_id, system_id)
  *
  * Create the internal subset of a document.
  *
@@ -436,7 +855,7 @@ create_internal_subset(VALUE self, VALUE name, VALUE external_id, VALUE system_i
   xmlDocPtr doc;
   xmlDtdPtr dtd;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
 
   doc = node->doc;
 
@@ -457,8 +876,8 @@ create_internal_subset(VALUE self, VALUE name, VALUE external_id, VALUE system_i
 }
 
 /*
- * call-seq:
- *  create_external_subset(name, external_id, system_id)
+ * :call-seq:
+ *   create_external_subset(name, external_id, system_id)
  *
  * Create an external subset
  */
@@ -469,7 +888,7 @@ create_external_subset(VALUE self, VALUE name, VALUE external_id, VALUE system_i
   xmlDocPtr doc;
   xmlDtdPtr dtd;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
 
   doc = node->doc;
 
@@ -490,8 +909,8 @@ create_external_subset(VALUE self, VALUE name, VALUE external_id, VALUE system_i
 }
 
 /*
- * call-seq:
- *  external_subset
+ * :call-seq:
+ *   external_subset()
  *
  * Get the external subset
  */
@@ -502,7 +921,7 @@ external_subset(VALUE self)
   xmlDocPtr doc;
   xmlDtdPtr dtd;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
 
   if (!node->doc) { return Qnil; }
 
@@ -515,8 +934,8 @@ external_subset(VALUE self)
 }
 
 /*
- * call-seq:
- *  internal_subset
+ * :call-seq:
+ *   internal_subset()
  *
  * Get the internal subset
  */
@@ -527,7 +946,7 @@ internal_subset(VALUE self)
   xmlDocPtr doc;
   xmlDtdPtr dtd;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
 
   if (!node->doc) { return Qnil; }
 
@@ -540,16 +959,19 @@ internal_subset(VALUE self)
 }
 
 /*
- * call-seq:
- *  dup
- *  dup(depth)
- *  dup(depth, new_parent_doc)
+ * :call-seq:
+ *   dup → Nokogiri::XML::Node
+ *   dup(depth) → Nokogiri::XML::Node
+ *   dup(depth, new_parent_doc) → Nokogiri::XML::Node
  *
  * Copy this node.
- * An optional depth may be passed in. 0 is a shallow copy, 1 (the default) is a deep copy.
- * An optional new_parent_doc may also be passed in, which will be the new
- * node's parent document. Defaults to the current node's document.
- * current document.
+ *
+ * [Parameters]
+ * - +depth+ 0 is a shallow copy, 1 (the default) is a deep copy.
+ * - +new_parent_doc+
+ *   The new node's parent Document. Defaults to the this node's document.
+ *
+ * [Returns] The new Nokgiri::XML::Node
  */
 static VALUE
 duplicate_node(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
@@ -560,7 +982,7 @@ duplicate_node(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
   xmlDocPtr new_parent_doc;
   xmlNodePtr node, dup;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
 
   n_args = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "02", &r_level, &r_new_parent_doc);
 
@@ -584,35 +1006,22 @@ duplicate_node(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 }
 
 /*
- * call-seq:
- *  unlink
- *
- * Unlink this node from its current context.
- */
-static VALUE
-unlink_node(VALUE self)
-{
-  xmlNodePtr node;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
-  xmlUnlinkNode(node);
-  noko_xml_document_pin_node(node);
-  return self;
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *  blank?
+ * :call-seq:
+ *   unlink() → self
  *
- * Is this node blank?
+ * Unlink this node from its current context.
  */
 static VALUE
-blank_eh(VALUE self)
+unlink_node(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlNodePtr node;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
-  return (1 == xmlIsBlankNode(node)) ? Qtrue : Qfalse ;
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  xmlUnlinkNode(node);
+  noko_xml_document_pin_node(node);
+  return self;
 }
 
+
 /*
  * call-seq:
  *  next_sibling
@@ -623,7 +1032,7 @@ static VALUE
 next_sibling(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlNodePtr node, sibling;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
 
   sibling = node->next;
   if (!sibling) { return Qnil; }
@@ -641,7 +1050,7 @@ static VALUE
 previous_sibling(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlNodePtr node, sibling;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
 
   sibling = node->prev;
   if (!sibling) { return Qnil; }
@@ -659,7 +1068,7 @@ static VALUE
 next_element(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlNodePtr node, sibling;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
 
   sibling = xmlNextElementSibling(node);
   if (!sibling) { return Qnil; }
@@ -677,7 +1086,7 @@ static VALUE
 previous_element(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlNodePtr node, sibling;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
 
   /*
    *  note that we don't use xmlPreviousElementSibling here because it's buggy pre-2.7.7.
@@ -699,60 +1108,34 @@ replace(VALUE self, VALUE new_node)
   VALUE reparent = reparent_node_with(self, new_node, xmlReplaceNodeWrapper);
 
   xmlNodePtr pivot;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, pivot);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, pivot);
   noko_xml_document_pin_node(pivot);
 
   return reparent;
 }
 
 /*
- * call-seq:
- *  children
+ * :call-seq:
+ *   element_children() → NodeSet
+ *   elements() → NodeSet
  *
- * Get the list of children for this node as a NodeSet
- */
-static VALUE
-children(VALUE self)
-{
-  xmlNodePtr node;
-  xmlNodePtr child;
-  xmlNodeSetPtr set;
-  VALUE document;
-  VALUE node_set;
-
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
-
-  child = node->children;
-  set = xmlXPathNodeSetCreate(child);
-
-  document = DOC_RUBY_OBJECT(node->doc);
-
-  if (!child) { return noko_xml_node_set_wrap(set, document); }
-
-  child = child->next;
-  while (NULL != child) {
-    xmlXPathNodeSetAddUnique(set, child);
-    child = child->next;
-  }
-
-  node_set = noko_xml_node_set_wrap(set, document);
-
-  return node_set;
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *  element_children
+ * [Returns]
+ *   The node's child elements as a NodeSet. Only children that are elements will be returned, which
+ *   notably excludes Text nodes.
  *
- * Get the list of children for this node as a NodeSet.  All nodes will be
- * element nodes.
+ * *Example:*
  *
- * Example:
+ * Note that #children returns the Text node "hello" while #element_children does not.
  *
- *   @doc.root.element_children.all? { |x| x.element? } # => true
+ *   div = Nokogiri::HTML5("<div>hello<span>world</span>").at_css("div")
+ *   div.element_children
+ *   # => [#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x50 name="span" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3c "world">]>]
+ *   div.children
+ *   # => [#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x64 "hello">,
+ *   #     #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x50 name="span" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3c "world">]>]
  */
 static VALUE
-element_children(VALUE self)
+rb_xml_node_element_children(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlNodePtr node;
   xmlNodePtr child;
@@ -760,7 +1143,7 @@ element_children(VALUE self)
   VALUE document;
   VALUE node_set;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
 
   child = xmlFirstElementChild(node);
   set = xmlXPathNodeSetCreate(child);
@@ -781,38 +1164,25 @@ element_children(VALUE self)
 }
 
 /*
- * call-seq:
- *  child
+ * :call-seq:
+ *   first_element_child() → Node
  *
- * Returns the child node
- */
-static VALUE
-child(VALUE self)
-{
-  xmlNodePtr node, child;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
-
-  child = node->children;
-  if (!child) { return Qnil; }
-
-  return noko_xml_node_wrap(Qnil, child);
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *  first_element_child
+ * [Returns] The first child Node that is an element.
  *
- * Returns the first child node of this node that is an element.
+ * *Example:*
  *
- * Example:
+ * Note that the "hello" child, which is a Text node, is skipped and the <tt><span></tt> element is
+ * returned.
  *
- *   @doc.root.first_element_child.element? # => true
+ *   div = Nokogiri::HTML5("<div>hello<span>world</span>").at_css("div")
+ *   div.first_element_child
+ *   # => #(Element:0x3c { name = "span", children = [ #(Text "world")] })
  */
 static VALUE
-first_element_child(VALUE self)
+rb_xml_node_first_element_child(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlNodePtr node, child;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
 
   child = xmlFirstElementChild(node);
   if (!child) { return Qnil; }
@@ -821,20 +1191,25 @@ first_element_child(VALUE self)
 }
 
 /*
- * call-seq:
- *  last_element_child
+ * :call-seq:
+ *   last_element_child() → Node
  *
- * Returns the last child node of this node that is an element.
+ * [Returns] The last child Node that is an element.
  *
- * Example:
+ * *Example:*
  *
- *   @doc.root.last_element_child.element? # => true
+ * Note that the "hello" child, which is a Text node, is skipped and the <tt><span>yes</span></tt>
+ * element is returned.
+ *
+ *   div = Nokogiri::HTML5("<div><span>no</span><span>yes</span>skip</div>").at_css("div")
+ *   div.last_element_child
+ *   # => #(Element:0x3c { name = "span", children = [ #(Text "yes")] })
  */
 static VALUE
-last_element_child(VALUE self)
+rb_xml_node_last_element_child(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlNodePtr node, child;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
 
   child = xmlLastElementChild(node);
   if (!child) { return Qnil; }
@@ -852,7 +1227,7 @@ static VALUE
 key_eh(VALUE self, VALUE attribute)
 {
   xmlNodePtr node;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
   if (xmlHasProp(node, (xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(attribute))) {
     return Qtrue;
   }
@@ -869,7 +1244,7 @@ static VALUE
 namespaced_key_eh(VALUE self, VALUE attribute, VALUE namespace)
 {
   xmlNodePtr node;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
   if (xmlHasNsProp(node, (xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(attribute),
                    NIL_P(namespace) ? NULL : (xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(namespace))) {
     return Qtrue;
@@ -888,7 +1263,7 @@ set(VALUE self, VALUE property, VALUE value)
 {
   xmlNodePtr node, cur;
   xmlAttrPtr prop;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
 
   /* If a matching attribute node already exists, then xmlSetProp will destroy
    * the existing node's children. However, if Nokogiri has a node object
@@ -933,10 +1308,10 @@ get(VALUE self, VALUE rattribute)
 
   if (NIL_P(rattribute)) { return Qnil; }
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
   attribute = xmlCharStrdup(StringValueCStr(rattribute));
 
-  colon = (xmlChar *)(uintptr_t)xmlStrchr(attribute, (const xmlChar)':');
+  colon = DISCARD_CONST_QUAL_XMLCHAR(xmlStrchr(attribute, (const xmlChar)':'));
   if (colon) {
     /* split the attribute string into separate prefix and name by
      * null-terminating the prefix at the colon */
@@ -975,10 +1350,10 @@ set_namespace(VALUE self, VALUE namespace)
   xmlNodePtr node;
   xmlNsPtr ns = NULL;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
 
   if (!NIL_P(namespace)) {
-    Data_Get_Struct(namespace, xmlNs, ns);
+    Noko_Namespace_Get_Struct(namespace, xmlNs, ns);
   }
 
   xmlSetNs(node, ns);
@@ -987,70 +1362,32 @@ set_namespace(VALUE self, VALUE namespace)
 }
 
 /*
- * call-seq:
- *   attribute(name)
+ * :call-seq:
+ *   namespace() → Namespace
  *
- * Get the attribute node with +name+
- */
-static VALUE
-attr(VALUE self, VALUE name)
-{
-  xmlNodePtr node;
-  xmlAttrPtr prop;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
-  prop = xmlHasProp(node, (xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(name));
-
-  if (! prop) { return Qnil; }
-  return noko_xml_node_wrap(Qnil, (xmlNodePtr)prop);
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   attribute_with_ns(name, namespace)
+ * [Returns] The Namespace of the element or attribute node, or +nil+ if there is no namespace.
  *
- * Get the attribute node with +name+ and +namespace+
- */
-static VALUE
-attribute_with_ns(VALUE self, VALUE name, VALUE namespace)
-{
-  xmlNodePtr node;
-  xmlAttrPtr prop;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
-  prop = xmlHasNsProp(node, (xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(name),
-                      NIL_P(namespace) ? NULL : (xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(namespace));
-
-  if (! prop) { return Qnil; }
-  return noko_xml_node_wrap(Qnil, (xmlNodePtr)prop);
-}
-
-/*
- * @overload attribute_nodes()
- *   Get the attributes for a Node
- *   @return [Array<Nokogiri::XML::Attr>] containing the Node's attributes.
- */
-static VALUE
-attribute_nodes(VALUE rb_node)
-{
-  xmlNodePtr c_node;
-
-  Data_Get_Struct(rb_node, xmlNode, c_node);
-
-  return noko_xml_node_attrs(c_node);
-}
-
-
-/*
- *  call-seq:
- *    namespace()
+ * *Example:*
  *
- *  returns the namespace of the element or attribute node as a Namespace
- *  object, or nil if there is no namespace for the element or attribute.
+ *   doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<~EOF)
+ *     <root>
+ *       <first/>
+ *       <second xmlns="http://example.com/child"/>
+ *       <foo:third xmlns:foo="http://example.com/foo"/>
+ *     </root>
+ *   EOF
+ *   doc.at_xpath("//first").namespace
+ *   # => nil
+ *   doc.at_xpath("//xmlns:second", "xmlns" => "http://example.com/child").namespace
+ *   # => #(Namespace:0x3c { href = "http://example.com/child" })
+ *   doc.at_xpath("//foo:third", "foo" => "http://example.com/foo").namespace
+ *   # => #(Namespace:0x50 { prefix = "foo", href = "http://example.com/foo" })
  */
 static VALUE
-noko_xml_node_namespace(VALUE rb_node)
+rb_xml_node_namespace(VALUE rb_node)
 {
   xmlNodePtr c_node ;
-  Data_Get_Struct(rb_node, xmlNode, c_node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(rb_node, xmlNode, c_node);
 
   if (c_node->ns) {
     return noko_xml_namespace_wrap(c_node->ns, c_node->doc);
@@ -1060,10 +1397,32 @@ noko_xml_node_namespace(VALUE rb_node)
 }
 
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *    namespace_definitions()
+ * :call-seq:
+ *   namespace_definitions() → Array<Nokogiri::XML::Namespace>
+ *
+ * [Returns]
+ *   Namespaces that are defined directly on this node, as an Array of Namespace objects. The array
+ *   will be empty if no namespaces are defined on this node.
  *
- *  returns namespaces defined on self element directly, as an array of Namespace objects. Includes both a default namespace (as in"xmlns="), and prefixed namespaces (as in "xmlns:prefix=").
+ * *Example:*
+ *
+ *   doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<~EOF)
+ *     <root xmlns="http://example.com/root">
+ *       <first/>
+ *       <second xmlns="http://example.com/child" xmlns:unused="http://example.com/unused"/>
+ *       <foo:third xmlns:foo="http://example.com/foo"/>
+ *     </root>
+ *   EOF
+ *   doc.at_xpath("//root:first", "root" => "http://example.com/root").namespace_definitions
+ *   # => []
+ *   doc.at_xpath("//xmlns:second", "xmlns" => "http://example.com/child").namespace_definitions
+ *   # => [#(Namespace:0x3c { href = "http://example.com/child" }),
+ *   #     #(Namespace:0x50 {
+ *   #       prefix = "unused",
+ *   #       href = "http://example.com/unused"
+ *   #       })]
+ *   doc.at_xpath("//foo:third", "foo" => "http://example.com/foo").namespace_definitions
+ *   # => [#(Namespace:0x64 { prefix = "foo", href = "http://example.com/foo" })]
  */
 static VALUE
 namespace_definitions(VALUE rb_node)
@@ -1073,7 +1432,7 @@ namespace_definitions(VALUE rb_node)
   xmlNsPtr c_namespace;
   VALUE definitions = rb_ary_new();
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(rb_node, xmlNode, c_node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(rb_node, xmlNode, c_node);
 
   c_namespace = c_node->nsDef;
   if (!c_namespace) {
@@ -1089,23 +1448,42 @@ namespace_definitions(VALUE rb_node)
 }
 
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *    namespace_scopes()
+ * :call-seq:
+ *   namespace_scopes() → Array<Nokogiri::XML::Namespace>
+ *
+ * [Returns] Array of all the Namespaces on this node and its ancestors.
  *
- * returns namespaces in scope for self -- those defined on self element
- * directly or any ancestor node -- as an array of Namespace objects.  Default
- * namespaces ("xmlns=" style) for self are included in this array; Default
- * namespaces for  ancestors, however, are not. See also #namespaces
+ * See also #namespaces
+ *
+ * *Example:*
+ *
+ *   doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<~EOF)
+ *     <root xmlns="http://example.com/root" xmlns:bar="http://example.com/bar">
+ *       <first/>
+ *       <second xmlns="http://example.com/child"/>
+ *       <third xmlns:foo="http://example.com/foo"/>
+ *     </root>
+ *   EOF
+ *   doc.at_xpath("//root:first", "root" => "http://example.com/root").namespace_scopes
+ *   # => [#(Namespace:0x3c { href = "http://example.com/root" }),
+ *   #     #(Namespace:0x50 { prefix = "bar", href = "http://example.com/bar" })]
+ *   doc.at_xpath("//child:second", "child" => "http://example.com/child").namespace_scopes
+ *   # => [#(Namespace:0x64 { href = "http://example.com/child" }),
+ *   #     #(Namespace:0x50 { prefix = "bar", href = "http://example.com/bar" })]
+ *   doc.at_xpath("//root:third", "root" => "http://example.com/root").namespace_scopes
+ *   # => [#(Namespace:0x78 { prefix = "foo", href = "http://example.com/foo" }),
+ *   #     #(Namespace:0x3c { href = "http://example.com/root" }),
+ *   #     #(Namespace:0x50 { prefix = "bar", href = "http://example.com/bar" })]
  */
 static VALUE
-namespace_scopes(VALUE rb_node)
+rb_xml_node_namespace_scopes(VALUE rb_node)
 {
   xmlNodePtr c_node ;
   xmlNsPtr *namespaces;
   VALUE scopes = rb_ary_new();
   int j;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(rb_node, xmlNode, c_node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(rb_node, xmlNode, c_node);
 
   namespaces = xmlGetNsList(c_node->doc, c_node);
   if (!namespaces) {
@@ -1130,7 +1508,7 @@ static VALUE
 node_type(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlNodePtr node;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
   return INT2NUM((long)node->type);
 }
 
@@ -1144,7 +1522,7 @@ static VALUE
 set_native_content(VALUE self, VALUE content)
 {
   xmlNodePtr node, child, next ;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
 
   child = node->children;
   while (NULL != child) {
@@ -1158,30 +1536,6 @@ set_native_content(VALUE self, VALUE content)
   return content;
 }
 
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *  content
- *
- * Returns the plaintext content for this Node. Note that entities will always
- * be expanded in the returned string.
- */
-static VALUE
-get_native_content(VALUE self)
-{
-  xmlNodePtr node;
-  xmlChar *content;
-
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
-
-  content = xmlNodeGetContent(node);
-  if (content) {
-    VALUE rval = NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(content);
-    xmlFree(content);
-    return rval;
-  }
-  return Qnil;
-}
-
 /*
  * call-seq:
  *  lang=
@@ -1194,7 +1548,7 @@ set_lang(VALUE self_rb, VALUE lang_rb)
   xmlNodePtr self ;
   xmlChar *lang ;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self_rb, xmlNode, self);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self_rb, xmlNode, self);
   lang = (xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(lang_rb);
 
   xmlNodeSetLang(self, lang);
@@ -1216,7 +1570,7 @@ get_lang(VALUE self_rb)
   xmlChar *lang ;
   VALUE lang_rb ;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self_rb, xmlNode, self);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self_rb, xmlNode, self);
 
   lang = xmlNodeGetLang(self);
   if (lang) {
@@ -1245,7 +1599,7 @@ static VALUE
 get_parent(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlNodePtr node, parent;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
 
   parent = node->parent;
   if (!parent) { return Qnil; }
@@ -1263,7 +1617,7 @@ static VALUE
 set_name(VALUE self, VALUE new_name)
 {
   xmlNodePtr node;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
   xmlNodeSetName(node, (xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(new_name));
   return new_name;
 }
@@ -1278,7 +1632,7 @@ static VALUE
 get_name(VALUE self)
 {
   xmlNodePtr node;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
   if (node->name) {
     return NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(node->name);
   }
@@ -1292,17 +1646,25 @@ get_name(VALUE self)
  * Returns the path associated with this Node
  */
 static VALUE
-path(VALUE self)
+rb_xml_node_path(VALUE rb_node)
 {
-  xmlNodePtr node;
-  xmlChar *path ;
+  xmlNodePtr c_node;
+  xmlChar *c_path ;
   VALUE rval;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(rb_node, xmlNode, c_node);
+
+  c_path = xmlGetNodePath(c_node);
+  if (c_path == NULL) {
+    // see https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2250
+    // this behavior is clearly undesirable, but is what libxml <= 2.9.10 returned, and so we
+    // do this for now to preserve the behavior across libxml2 versions.
+    rval = NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2("?");
+  } else {
+    rval = NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(c_path);
+    xmlFree(c_path);
+  }
 
-  path = xmlGetNodePath(node);
-  rval = NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(path);
-  xmlFree(path);
   return rval ;
 }
 
@@ -1339,7 +1701,7 @@ native_write_to(
   const char *before_indent;
   xmlSaveCtxtPtr savectx;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
 
   xmlIndentTreeOutput = 1;
 
@@ -1363,18 +1725,39 @@ native_write_to(
 }
 
 /*
- * call-seq:
- *  line
+ * :call-seq:
+ *   line() → Integer
+ *
+ * [Returns] The line number of this Node.
+ *
+ * ---
+ *
+ * <b> ⚠ The CRuby and JRuby implementations differ in important ways! </b>
+ *
+ * Semantic differences:
+ * - The CRuby method reflects the node's line number <i>in the parsed string</i>
+ * - The JRuby method reflects the node's line number <i>in the final DOM structure</i> after
+ *   corrections have been applied
+ *
+ * Performance differences:
+ * - The CRuby method is {O(1)}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_complexity#Constant_time]
+ *   (constant time)
+ * - The JRuby method is {O(n)}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_complexity#Linear_time] (linear
+ *   time, where n is the number of nodes before/above the element in the DOM)
  *
- * Returns the line for this Node
+ * If you'd like to help improve the JRuby implementation, please review these issues and reach out
+ * to the maintainers:
+ * - https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1223
+ * - https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/pull/2177
+ * - https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2380
  */
 static VALUE
-line(VALUE self)
+rb_xml_node_line(VALUE rb_node)
 {
-  xmlNodePtr node;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  xmlNodePtr c_node;
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(rb_node, xmlNode, c_node);
 
-  return INT2NUM(xmlGetLineNo(node));
+  return INT2NUM(xmlGetLineNo(c_node));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1384,90 +1767,56 @@ line(VALUE self)
  * Sets the line for this Node. num must be less than 65535.
  */
 static VALUE
-set_line(VALUE self, VALUE num)
-{
-  xmlNodePtr node;
-  int value = NUM2INT(num);
-
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
-  if (value < 65535) {
-    node->line = value;
-  }
-
-  return num;
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *  add_namespace_definition(prefix, href)
- *
- * Adds a namespace definition with +prefix+ using +href+ value. The result is
- * as if parsed XML for this node had included an attribute
- * 'xmlns:prefix=value'.  A default namespace for this node ("xmlns=") can be
- * added by passing 'nil' for prefix. Namespaces added this way will not
- * show up in #attributes, but they will be included as an xmlns attribute
- * when the node is serialized to XML.
- */
-static VALUE
-add_namespace_definition(VALUE rb_node, VALUE rb_prefix, VALUE rb_href)
+rb_xml_node_line_set(VALUE rb_node, VALUE rb_line_number)
 {
-  xmlNodePtr c_node, element;
-  xmlNsPtr c_namespace;
-  const xmlChar *c_prefix = (const xmlChar *)(NIL_P(rb_prefix) ? NULL : StringValueCStr(rb_prefix));
-
-  Data_Get_Struct(rb_node, xmlNode, c_node);
-  element = c_node ;
+  xmlNodePtr c_node;
+  int line_number = NUM2INT(rb_line_number);
 
-  c_namespace = xmlSearchNs(c_node->doc, c_node, c_prefix);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(rb_node, xmlNode, c_node);
 
-  if (!c_namespace) {
-    if (c_node->type != XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
-      element = c_node->parent;
+  // libxml2 optionally uses xmlNode.psvi to store longer line numbers, but only for text nodes.
+  // search for "psvi" in SAX2.c and tree.c to learn more.
+  if (line_number < 65535) {
+    c_node->line = (short) line_number;
+  } else {
+    c_node->line = 65535;
+    if (c_node->type == XML_TEXT_NODE) {
+      c_node->psvi = (void *)(ptrdiff_t) line_number;
     }
-    c_namespace = xmlNewNs(element, (const xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(rb_href), c_prefix);
-  }
-
-  if (!c_namespace) {
-    return Qnil ;
-  }
-
-  if (NIL_P(rb_prefix) || c_node != element) {
-    xmlSetNs(c_node, c_namespace);
   }
 
-  return noko_xml_namespace_wrap(c_namespace, c_node->doc);
+  return rb_line_number;
 }
 
-/*
- * @overload new(name, document)
- *   Create a new node with +name+ sharing GC lifecycle with +document+.
- *   @param name [String]
- *   @param document [Nokogiri::XML::Document]
- *   @yieldparam node [Nokogiri::XML::Node]
- *   @return [Nokogiri::XML::Node]
- *   @see Nokogiri::XML::Node#initialize
- */
+/* :nodoc: documented in lib/nokogiri/xml/node.rb */
 static VALUE
 rb_xml_node_new(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
 {
-  xmlDocPtr doc;
-  xmlNodePtr node;
-  VALUE name;
-  VALUE document;
+  xmlNodePtr c_document_node;
+  xmlNodePtr c_node;
+  VALUE rb_name;
+  VALUE rb_document_node;
   VALUE rest;
   VALUE rb_node;
 
-  rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "2*", &name, &document, &rest);
+  rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "2*", &rb_name, &rb_document_node, &rest);
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(document, xmlDoc, doc);
+  if (!rb_obj_is_kind_of(rb_document_node, cNokogiriXmlNode)) {
+    rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "document must be a Nokogiri::XML::Node");
+  }
+  if (!rb_obj_is_kind_of(rb_document_node, cNokogiriXmlDocument)) {
+    // TODO: deprecate allowing Node
+    NOKO_WARN_DEPRECATION("Passing a Node as the second parameter to Node.new is deprecated. Please pass a Document instead, or prefer an alternative constructor like Node#add_child. This will become an error in a future release of Nokogiri.");
+  }
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(rb_document_node, xmlNode, c_document_node);
 
-  node = xmlNewNode(NULL, (xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(name));
-  node->doc = doc->doc;
-  noko_xml_document_pin_node(node);
+  c_node = xmlNewNode(NULL, (xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(rb_name));
+  c_node->doc = c_document_node->doc;
+  noko_xml_document_pin_node(c_node);
 
   rb_node = noko_xml_node_wrap(
               klass == cNokogiriXmlNode ? (VALUE)NULL : klass,
-              node
+              c_node
             );
   rb_obj_call_init(rb_node, argc, argv);
 
@@ -1489,7 +1838,7 @@ dump_html(VALUE self)
   xmlNodePtr node ;
   VALUE html;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
 
   buf = xmlBufferCreate() ;
   htmlNodeDump(buf, node->doc, node);
@@ -1508,8 +1857,8 @@ static VALUE
 compare(VALUE self, VALUE _other)
 {
   xmlNodePtr node, other;
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
-  Data_Get_Struct(_other, xmlNode, other);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(_other, xmlNode, other);
 
   return INT2NUM((long)xmlXPathCmpNodes(other, node));
 }
@@ -1529,7 +1878,7 @@ process_xincludes(VALUE self, VALUE options)
   xmlNodePtr node;
   VALUE error_list = rb_ary_new();
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
 
   xmlSetStructuredErrorFunc((void *)error_list, Nokogiri_error_array_pusher);
   rcode = xmlXIncludeProcessTreeFlags(node, (int)NUM2INT(options));
@@ -1560,7 +1909,7 @@ in_context(VALUE self, VALUE _str, VALUE _options)
   VALUE doc, err;
   int doc_is_empty;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(self, xmlNode, node);
 
   doc = DOC_RUBY_OBJECT(node->doc);
   err = rb_iv_get(doc, "@errors");
@@ -1601,9 +1950,7 @@ in_context(VALUE self, VALUE _str, VALUE _options)
    */
   child_iter = node->doc->children ;
   while (child_iter) {
-    if (child_iter->parent != (xmlNodePtr)node->doc) {
-      child_iter->parent = (xmlNodePtr)node->doc;
-    }
+    child_iter->parent = (xmlNodePtr)node->doc;
     child_iter = child_iter->next;
   }
 
@@ -1633,12 +1980,12 @@ in_context(VALUE self, VALUE _str, VALUE _options)
 
   /* FIXME: This probably needs to handle more constants... */
   switch (error) {
-  case XML_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR:
-  case XML_ERR_NO_MEMORY:
-    rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "error parsing fragment (%d)", error);
-    break;
-  default:
-    break;
+    case XML_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR:
+    case XML_ERR_NO_MEMORY:
+      rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "error parsing fragment (%d)", error);
+      break;
+    default:
+      break;
   }
 
   set = xmlXPathNodeSetCreate(NULL);
@@ -1654,14 +2001,12 @@ in_context(VALUE self, VALUE _str, VALUE _options)
   return noko_xml_node_set_wrap(set, doc);
 }
 
-
 VALUE
 noko_xml_node_wrap(VALUE rb_class, xmlNodePtr c_node)
 {
   VALUE rb_document, rb_node_cache, rb_node;
   nokogiriTuplePtr node_has_a_document;
   xmlDocPtr c_doc;
-  void (*mark_method)(xmlNodePtr) = NULL ;
 
   assert(c_node);
 
@@ -1669,11 +2014,9 @@ noko_xml_node_wrap(VALUE rb_class, xmlNodePtr c_node)
     return DOC_RUBY_OBJECT(c_node->doc);
   }
 
-  /* It's OK if the node doesn't have a fully-realized document (as in XML::Reader). */
-  /* see https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/95 */
-  /* and https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/439 */
   c_doc = c_node->doc;
-  if (c_doc->type == XML_DOCUMENT_FRAG_NODE) { c_doc = c_doc->doc; }
+
+  // Nodes yielded from XML::Reader don't have a fully-realized Document
   node_has_a_document = DOC_RUBY_OBJECT_TEST(c_doc);
 
   if (c_node->_private && node_has_a_document) {
@@ -1682,50 +2025,48 @@ noko_xml_node_wrap(VALUE rb_class, xmlNodePtr c_node)
 
   if (!RTEST(rb_class)) {
     switch (c_node->type) {
-    case XML_ELEMENT_NODE:
-      rb_class = cNokogiriXmlElement;
-      break;
-    case XML_TEXT_NODE:
-      rb_class = cNokogiriXmlText;
-      break;
-    case XML_ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
-      rb_class = cNokogiriXmlAttr;
-      break;
-    case XML_ENTITY_REF_NODE:
-      rb_class = cNokogiriXmlEntityReference;
-      break;
-    case XML_COMMENT_NODE:
-      rb_class = cNokogiriXmlComment;
-      break;
-    case XML_DOCUMENT_FRAG_NODE:
-      rb_class = cNokogiriXmlDocumentFragment;
-      break;
-    case XML_PI_NODE:
-      rb_class = cNokogiriXmlProcessingInstruction;
-      break;
-    case XML_ENTITY_DECL:
-      rb_class = cNokogiriXmlEntityDecl;
-      break;
-    case XML_CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
-      rb_class = cNokogiriXmlCData;
-      break;
-    case XML_DTD_NODE:
-      rb_class = cNokogiriXmlDtd;
-      break;
-    case XML_ATTRIBUTE_DECL:
-      rb_class = cNokogiriXmlAttributeDecl;
-      break;
-    case XML_ELEMENT_DECL:
-      rb_class = cNokogiriXmlElementDecl;
-      break;
-    default:
-      rb_class = cNokogiriXmlNode;
+      case XML_ELEMENT_NODE:
+        rb_class = cNokogiriXmlElement;
+        break;
+      case XML_TEXT_NODE:
+        rb_class = cNokogiriXmlText;
+        break;
+      case XML_ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
+        rb_class = cNokogiriXmlAttr;
+        break;
+      case XML_ENTITY_REF_NODE:
+        rb_class = cNokogiriXmlEntityReference;
+        break;
+      case XML_COMMENT_NODE:
+        rb_class = cNokogiriXmlComment;
+        break;
+      case XML_DOCUMENT_FRAG_NODE:
+        rb_class = cNokogiriXmlDocumentFragment;
+        break;
+      case XML_PI_NODE:
+        rb_class = cNokogiriXmlProcessingInstruction;
+        break;
+      case XML_ENTITY_DECL:
+        rb_class = cNokogiriXmlEntityDecl;
+        break;
+      case XML_CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
+        rb_class = cNokogiriXmlCData;
+        break;
+      case XML_DTD_NODE:
+        rb_class = cNokogiriXmlDtd;
+        break;
+      case XML_ATTRIBUTE_DECL:
+        rb_class = cNokogiriXmlAttributeDecl;
+        break;
+      case XML_ELEMENT_DECL:
+        rb_class = cNokogiriXmlElementDecl;
+        break;
+      default:
+        rb_class = cNokogiriXmlNode;
     }
   }
 
-  mark_method = node_has_a_document ? mark : NULL ;
-
-  rb_node = Data_Wrap_Struct(rb_class, mark_method, debug_node_dealloc, c_node) ;
+  rb_node = TypedData_Wrap_Struct(rb_class, &nokogiri_node_type, c_node) ;
   c_node->_private = (void *)rb_node;
 
   if (node_has_a_document) {
@@ -1762,63 +2103,63 @@ noko_init_xml_node()
 {
   cNokogiriXmlNode = rb_define_class_under(mNokogiriXml, "Node", rb_cObject);
 
+  rb_undef_alloc_func(cNokogiriXmlNode);
+
   rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "new", rb_xml_node_new, -1);
 
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "add_namespace_definition", add_namespace_definition, 2);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "add_namespace_definition", rb_xml_node_add_namespace_definition, 2);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "attribute", rb_xml_node_attribute, 1);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "attribute_nodes", rb_xml_node_attribute_nodes, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "attribute_with_ns", rb_xml_node_attribute_with_ns, 2);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "blank?", rb_xml_node_blank_eh, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "child", rb_xml_node_child, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "children", rb_xml_node_children, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "content", rb_xml_node_content, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "create_external_subset", create_external_subset, 3);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "create_internal_subset", create_internal_subset, 3);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "document", rb_xml_node_document, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "dup", duplicate_node, -1);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "element_children", rb_xml_node_element_children, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "encode_special_chars", encode_special_chars, 1);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "external_subset", external_subset, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "first_element_child", rb_xml_node_first_element_child, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "internal_subset", internal_subset, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "key?", key_eh, 1);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "lang", get_lang, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "lang=", set_lang, 1);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "last_element_child", rb_xml_node_last_element_child, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "line", rb_xml_node_line, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "line=", rb_xml_node_line_set, 1);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "namespace", rb_xml_node_namespace, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "namespace_definitions", namespace_definitions, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "namespace_scopes", rb_xml_node_namespace_scopes, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "namespaced_key?", namespaced_key_eh, 2);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "native_content=", set_native_content, 1);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "next_element", next_element, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "next_sibling", next_sibling, 0);
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "node_name", get_name, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "document", document, 0);
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "node_name=", set_name, 1);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "node_type", node_type, 0);
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "parent", get_parent, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "child", child, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "first_element_child", first_element_child, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "last_element_child", last_element_child, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "children", children, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "element_children", element_children, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "next_sibling", next_sibling, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "previous_sibling", previous_sibling, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "next_element", next_element, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "path", rb_xml_node_path, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "pointer_id", rb_xml_node_pointer_id, 0);
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "previous_element", previous_element, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "node_type", node_type, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "path", path, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "key?", key_eh, 1);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "namespaced_key?", namespaced_key_eh, 2);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "blank?", blank_eh, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "attribute_nodes", attribute_nodes, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "attribute", attr, 1);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "attribute_with_ns", attribute_with_ns, 2);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "namespace", noko_xml_node_namespace, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "namespace_definitions", namespace_definitions, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "namespace_scopes", namespace_scopes, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "encode_special_chars", encode_special_chars, 1);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "dup", duplicate_node, -1);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "previous_sibling", previous_sibling, 0);
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "unlink", unlink_node, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "internal_subset", internal_subset, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "external_subset", external_subset, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "create_internal_subset", create_internal_subset, 3);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "create_external_subset", create_external_subset, 3);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "pointer_id", pointer_id, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "line", line, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "line=", set_line, 1);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "content", get_native_content, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "native_content=", set_native_content, 1);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "lang", get_lang, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "lang=", set_lang, 1);
 
-  rb_define_private_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "process_xincludes", process_xincludes, 1);
-  rb_define_private_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "in_context", in_context, 2);
   rb_define_private_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "add_child_node", add_child, 1);
-  rb_define_private_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "add_previous_sibling_node", add_previous_sibling, 1);
   rb_define_private_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "add_next_sibling_node", add_next_sibling, 1);
-  rb_define_private_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "replace_node", replace, 1);
+  rb_define_private_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "add_previous_sibling_node", add_previous_sibling, 1);
+  rb_define_private_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "compare", compare, 1);
   rb_define_private_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "dump_html", dump_html, 0);
-  rb_define_private_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "native_write_to", native_write_to, 4);
   rb_define_private_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "get", get, 1);
+  rb_define_private_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "in_context", in_context, 2);
+  rb_define_private_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "native_write_to", native_write_to, 4);
+  rb_define_private_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "process_xincludes", process_xincludes, 1);
+  rb_define_private_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "replace_node", replace, 1);
   rb_define_private_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "set", set, 2);
   rb_define_private_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "set_namespace", set_namespace, 1);
-  rb_define_private_method(cNokogiriXmlNode, "compare", compare, 1);
 
   id_decorate      = rb_intern("decorate");
   id_decorate_bang = rb_intern("decorate!");
 }
-
-/* vim: set noet sw=4 sws=4 */
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/xml_node_set.c b/ext/nokogiri/xml_node_set.c
index 1c17c2affd..66f8780d5a 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/xml_node_set.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/xml_node_set.c
@@ -20,20 +20,20 @@ ruby_object_get(xmlNodePtr c_node)
 {
   /* see xmlElementType in libxml2 tree.h */
   switch (c_node->type) {
-  case XML_NAMESPACE_DECL:
-    /* _private is later in the namespace struct */
-    return (VALUE)(((xmlNsPtr)c_node)->_private);
-
-  case XML_DOCUMENT_NODE:
-  case XML_HTML_DOCUMENT_NODE:
-    /* in documents we use _private to store a tuple */
-    if (DOC_RUBY_OBJECT_TEST(((xmlDocPtr)c_node))) {
-      return DOC_RUBY_OBJECT((xmlDocPtr)c_node);
-    }
-    return (VALUE)NULL;
-
-  default:
-    return (VALUE)(c_node->_private);
+    case XML_NAMESPACE_DECL:
+      /* _private is later in the namespace struct */
+      return (VALUE)(((xmlNsPtr)c_node)->_private);
+
+    case XML_DOCUMENT_NODE:
+    case XML_HTML_DOCUMENT_NODE:
+      /* in documents we use _private to store a tuple */
+      if (DOC_RUBY_OBJECT_TEST(((xmlDocPtr)c_node))) {
+        return DOC_RUBY_OBJECT((xmlDocPtr)c_node);
+      }
+      return (VALUE)NULL;
+
+    default:
+      return (VALUE)(c_node->_private);
   }
 }
 
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ push(VALUE self, VALUE rb_node)
   Check_Node_Set_Node_Type(rb_node);
 
   Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNodeSet, node_set);
-  Data_Get_Struct(rb_node, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(rb_node, xmlNode, node);
 
   xmlXPathNodeSetAdd(node_set, node);
 
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ delete (VALUE self, VALUE rb_node)
   Check_Node_Set_Node_Type(rb_node);
 
   Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNodeSet, node_set);
-  Data_Get_Struct(rb_node, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(rb_node, xmlNode, node);
 
   if (xmlXPathNodeSetContains(node_set, node)) {
     xpath_node_set_del(node_set, node);
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ include_eh(VALUE self, VALUE rb_node)
   Check_Node_Set_Node_Type(rb_node);
 
   Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlNodeSet, node_set);
-  Data_Get_Struct(rb_node, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(rb_node, xmlNode, node);
 
   return (xmlXPathNodeSetContains(node_set, node) ? Qtrue : Qfalse);
 }
@@ -373,12 +373,12 @@ slice(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 
   /* if arg is Range */
   switch (rb_range_beg_len(arg, &beg, &len, (long)node_set->nodeNr, 0)) {
-  case Qfalse:
-    break;
-  case Qnil:
-    return Qnil;
-  default:
-    return subseq(self, beg, len);
+    case Qfalse:
+      break;
+    case Qnil:
+      return Qnil;
+    default:
+      return subseq(self, beg, len);
   }
 
   return index_at(self, NUM2LONG(arg));
@@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ unlink_nodeset(VALUE self)
       xmlNodePtr node_ptr;
       node = noko_xml_node_wrap(Qnil, node_set->nodeTab[j]);
       rb_funcall(node, rb_intern("unlink"), 0); /* modifies the C struct out from under the object */
-      Data_Get_Struct(node, xmlNode, node_ptr);
+      Noko_Node_Get_Struct(node, xmlNode, node_ptr);
       node_set->nodeTab[j] = node_ptr ;
     }
   }
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/xml_reader.c b/ext/nokogiri/xml_reader.c
index d2c6a7f369..022f8ff531 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/xml_reader.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/xml_reader.c
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ has_attributes(xmlTextReaderPtr reader)
   return (0);
 }
 
+// TODO: merge this function into the `namespaces` method implementation
 static void
 Nokogiri_xml_node_namespaces(xmlNodePtr node, VALUE attr_hash)
 {
@@ -148,9 +149,13 @@ namespaces(VALUE self)
 }
 
 /*
- * @overload attribute_nodes()
- *   Get the attributes of the current node as an Array of Attr
- *   @return [Array<Nokogiri::XML::Attr>]
+  :call-seq: attribute_nodes() → Array<Nokogiri::XML::Attr>
+
+  Get the attributes of the current node as an Array of XML:Attr
+
+  ⚠ This method is deprecated and unsafe to use. It will be removed in a future version of Nokogiri.
+
+  See related: #attribute_hash, #attributes
  */
 static VALUE
 rb_xml_reader_attribute_nodes(VALUE rb_reader)
@@ -160,6 +165,10 @@ rb_xml_reader_attribute_nodes(VALUE rb_reader)
   VALUE attr_nodes;
   int j;
 
+  // TODO: deprecated, remove in Nokogiri v1.15, see https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2598
+  // After removal, we can also remove all the "node_has_a_document" special handling from xml_node.c
+  NOKO_WARN_DEPRECATION("Reader#attribute_nodes is deprecated and will be removed in a future version of Nokogiri. Please use Reader#attribute_hash instead.");
+
   Data_Get_Struct(rb_reader, xmlTextReader, c_reader);
 
   if (! has_attributes(c_reader)) {
@@ -181,6 +190,47 @@ rb_xml_reader_attribute_nodes(VALUE rb_reader)
   return attr_nodes;
 }
 
+/*
+  :call-seq: attribute_hash() → Hash<String ⇒ String>
+
+  Get the attributes of the current node as a Hash of names and values.
+
+  See related: #attributes and #namespaces
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_xml_reader_attribute_hash(VALUE rb_reader)
+{
+  VALUE rb_attributes = rb_hash_new();
+  xmlTextReaderPtr c_reader;
+  xmlNodePtr c_node;
+  xmlAttrPtr c_property;
+
+  Data_Get_Struct(rb_reader, xmlTextReader, c_reader);
+
+  if (!has_attributes(c_reader)) {
+    return rb_attributes;
+  }
+
+  c_node = xmlTextReaderExpand(c_reader);
+  c_property = c_node->properties;
+  while (c_property != NULL) {
+    VALUE rb_name = NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(c_property->name);
+    VALUE rb_value = Qnil;
+    xmlChar *c_value = xmlNodeGetContent((xmlNode *)c_property);
+
+    if (c_value) {
+      rb_value = NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(c_value);
+      xmlFree(c_value);
+    }
+
+    rb_hash_aset(rb_attributes, rb_name, rb_value);
+
+    c_property = c_property->next;
+  }
+
+  return rb_attributes;
+}
+
 /*
  * call-seq:
  *   attribute_at(index)
@@ -414,16 +464,23 @@ name(VALUE self)
  * Get the xml:base of the node
  */
 static VALUE
-base_uri(VALUE self)
+rb_xml_reader_base_uri(VALUE rb_reader)
 {
-  xmlTextReaderPtr reader;
-  const char *base_uri;
+  VALUE rb_base_uri;
+  xmlTextReaderPtr c_reader;
+  xmlChar *c_base_uri;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlTextReader, reader);
-  base_uri = (const char *)xmlTextReaderBaseUri(reader);
-  if (base_uri == NULL) { return Qnil; }
+  Data_Get_Struct(rb_reader, xmlTextReader, c_reader);
+
+  c_base_uri = xmlTextReaderBaseUri(c_reader);
+  if (c_base_uri == NULL) {
+    return Qnil;
+  }
+
+  rb_base_uri = NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(c_base_uri);
+  xmlFree(c_base_uri);
 
-  return NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(base_uri);
+  return rb_base_uri;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -652,6 +709,24 @@ empty_element_p(VALUE self)
   return Qfalse;
 }
 
+static VALUE
+rb_xml_reader_encoding(VALUE rb_reader)
+{
+  xmlTextReaderPtr c_reader;
+  const char *parser_encoding;
+  VALUE constructor_encoding;
+
+  constructor_encoding = rb_iv_get(rb_reader, "@encoding");
+  if (RTEST(constructor_encoding)) {
+    return constructor_encoding;
+  }
+
+  Data_Get_Struct(rb_reader, xmlTextReader, c_reader);
+  parser_encoding = (const char *)xmlTextReaderConstEncoding(c_reader);
+  if (parser_encoding == NULL) { return Qnil; }
+  return NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(parser_encoding);
+}
+
 void
 noko_init_xml_reader()
 {
@@ -662,6 +737,8 @@ noko_init_xml_reader()
    */
   cNokogiriXmlReader = rb_define_class_under(mNokogiriXml, "Reader", rb_cObject);
 
+  rb_undef_alloc_func(cNokogiriXmlReader);
+
   rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriXmlReader, "from_memory", from_memory, -1);
   rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriXmlReader, "from_io", from_io, -1);
 
@@ -669,11 +746,13 @@ noko_init_xml_reader()
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlReader, "attribute_at", attribute_at, 1);
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlReader, "attribute_count", attribute_count, 0);
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlReader, "attribute_nodes", rb_xml_reader_attribute_nodes, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlReader, "attribute_hash", rb_xml_reader_attribute_hash, 0);
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlReader, "attributes?", attributes_eh, 0);
-  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlReader, "base_uri", base_uri, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlReader, "base_uri", rb_xml_reader_base_uri, 0);
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlReader, "default?", default_eh, 0);
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlReader, "depth", depth, 0);
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlReader, "empty_element?", empty_element_p, 0);
+  rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlReader, "encoding", rb_xml_reader_encoding, 0);
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlReader, "inner_xml", inner_xml, 0);
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlReader, "lang", lang, 0);
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlReader, "local_name", local_name, 0);
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/xml_sax_parser.c b/ext/nokogiri/xml_sax_parser.c
index 1e4a293ff0..5d953be6c2 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/xml_sax_parser.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/xml_sax_parser.c
@@ -30,12 +30,12 @@ start_document(void *ctx)
       version = ctxt->version ? NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(ctxt->version) : Qnil;
 
       switch (ctxt->standalone) {
-      case 0:
-        standalone = NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2("no");
-        break;
-      case 1:
-        standalone = NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2("yes");
-        break;
+        case 0:
+          standalone = NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2("no");
+          break;
+        case 1:
+          standalone = NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2("yes");
+          break;
       }
 
       rb_funcall(doc, id_xmldecl, 3, version, encoding, standalone);
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/xml_sax_parser_context.c b/ext/nokogiri/xml_sax_parser_context.c
index 35b4f320e9..60c491984b 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/xml_sax_parser_context.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/xml_sax_parser_context.c
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 VALUE cNokogiriXmlSaxParserContext ;
 
+static ID id_read;
+
 static void
 deallocate(xmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt)
 {
@@ -26,6 +28,10 @@ parse_io(VALUE klass, VALUE io, VALUE encoding)
   xmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt;
   xmlCharEncoding enc = (xmlCharEncoding)NUM2INT(encoding);
 
+  if (!rb_respond_to(io, id_read)) {
+    rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "argument expected to respond to :read");
+  }
+
   ctxt = xmlCreateIOParserCtxt(NULL, NULL,
                                (xmlInputReadCallback)noko_io_read,
                                (xmlInputCloseCallback)noko_io_close,
@@ -62,9 +68,8 @@ parse_memory(VALUE klass, VALUE data)
 {
   xmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt;
 
-  if (NIL_P(data)) {
-    rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "data cannot be nil");
-  }
+  Check_Type(data, T_STRING);
+
   if (!(int)RSTRING_LEN(data)) {
     rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "data cannot be empty");
   }
@@ -265,6 +270,8 @@ noko_init_xml_sax_parser_context()
 {
   cNokogiriXmlSaxParserContext = rb_define_class_under(mNokogiriXmlSax, "ParserContext", rb_cObject);
 
+  rb_undef_alloc_func(cNokogiriXmlSaxParserContext);
+
   rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriXmlSaxParserContext, "io", parse_io, 2);
   rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriXmlSaxParserContext, "memory", parse_memory, 1);
   rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriXmlSaxParserContext, "file", parse_file, 1);
@@ -276,4 +283,6 @@ noko_init_xml_sax_parser_context()
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlSaxParserContext, "recovery", get_recovery, 0);
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlSaxParserContext, "line", line, 0);
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlSaxParserContext, "column", column, 0);
+
+  id_read = rb_intern("read");
 }
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/xml_schema.c b/ext/nokogiri/xml_schema.c
index f0e980c878..2707cae235 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/xml_schema.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/xml_schema.c
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ validate_document(VALUE self, VALUE document)
   VALUE errors;
 
   Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlSchema, schema);
-  Data_Get_Struct(document, xmlDoc, doc);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(document, xmlDoc, doc);
 
   errors = rb_ary_new();
 
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ has_blank_nodes_p(VALUE cache)
   for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(cache); i++) {
     xmlNodePtr node;
     VALUE element = rb_ary_entry(cache, i);
-    Data_Get_Struct(element, xmlNode, node);
+    Noko_Node_Get_Struct(element, xmlNode, node);
     if (xmlIsBlankNode(node)) {
       return 1;
     }
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ from_document(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
 
   scanned_args = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &document, &parse_options);
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(document, xmlDoc, doc);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(document, xmlDoc, doc);
   doc = doc->doc; /* In case someone passes us a node. ugh. */
 
   if (scanned_args == 1) {
@@ -274,6 +274,8 @@ noko_init_xml_schema()
 {
   cNokogiriXmlSchema = rb_define_class_under(mNokogiriXml, "Schema", rb_cObject);
 
+  rb_undef_alloc_func(cNokogiriXmlSchema);
+
   rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriXmlSchema, "read_memory", read_memory, -1);
   rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriXmlSchema, "from_document", from_document, -1);
 
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/xml_text.c b/ext/nokogiri/xml_text.c
index eb78e2373c..6ba75e450b 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/xml_text.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/xml_text.c
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ new (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
 
   rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "2*", &string, &document, &rest);
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(document, xmlDoc, doc);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(document, xmlDoc, doc);
 
   node = xmlNewText((xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(string));
   node->doc = doc->doc;
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/xml_xpath_context.c b/ext/nokogiri/xml_xpath_context.c
index 805b1dd507..5483bd6f9b 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/xml_xpath_context.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/xml_xpath_context.c
@@ -86,6 +86,26 @@ xpath_builtin_css_class(xmlXPathParserContextPtr ctxt, int nargs)
   xmlXPathFreeObject(needle);
 }
 
+
+/* xmlXPathFunction to select nodes whose local name matches, for HTML5 CSS queries that should ignore namespaces */
+static void
+xpath_builtin_local_name_is(xmlXPathParserContextPtr ctxt, int nargs)
+{
+  xmlXPathObjectPtr element_name;
+
+  assert(ctxt->context->node);
+
+  CHECK_ARITY(1);
+  CAST_TO_STRING;
+  CHECK_TYPE(XPATH_STRING);
+  element_name = valuePop(ctxt);
+
+  valuePush(ctxt, xmlXPathNewBoolean(xmlStrEqual(ctxt->context->node->name, element_name->stringval)));
+
+  xmlXPathFreeObject(element_name);
+}
+
+
 /*
  * call-seq:
  *  register_ns(prefix, uri)
@@ -128,11 +148,44 @@ register_variable(VALUE self, VALUE name, VALUE value)
   return self;
 }
 
+
+/*
+ *  convert an XPath object into a Ruby object of the appropriate type.
+ *  returns Qundef if no conversion was possible.
+ */
+static VALUE
+xpath2ruby(xmlXPathObjectPtr xobj, xmlXPathContextPtr xctx)
+{
+  VALUE retval;
+
+  assert(xctx->doc);
+  assert(DOC_RUBY_OBJECT_TEST(xctx->doc));
+
+  switch (xobj->type) {
+    case XPATH_STRING:
+      retval = NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(xobj->stringval);
+      xmlFree(xobj->stringval);
+      return retval;
+
+    case XPATH_NODESET:
+      return noko_xml_node_set_wrap(xobj->nodesetval,
+                                    DOC_RUBY_OBJECT(xctx->doc));
+
+    case XPATH_NUMBER:
+      return rb_float_new(xobj->floatval);
+
+    case XPATH_BOOLEAN:
+      return (xobj->boolval == 1) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
+
+    default:
+      return Qundef;
+  }
+}
+
 void
 Nokogiri_marshal_xpath_funcall_and_return_values(xmlXPathParserContextPtr ctx, int nargs, VALUE handler,
     const char *function_name)
 {
-  int i;
   VALUE result, doc;
   VALUE *argv;
   VALUE node_set = Qnil;
@@ -143,81 +196,66 @@ Nokogiri_marshal_xpath_funcall_and_return_values(xmlXPathParserContextPtr ctx, i
   assert(DOC_RUBY_OBJECT_TEST(ctx->context->doc));
 
   argv = (VALUE *)calloc((size_t)nargs, sizeof(VALUE));
-  for (i = 0 ; i < nargs ; ++i) {
-    rb_gc_register_address(&argv[i]);
+  for (int j = 0 ; j < nargs ; ++j) {
+    rb_gc_register_address(&argv[j]);
   }
 
   doc = DOC_RUBY_OBJECT(ctx->context->doc);
 
-  if (nargs > 0) {
-    i = nargs - 1;
-    do {
-      obj = valuePop(ctx);
-      switch (obj->type) {
-      case XPATH_STRING:
-        argv[i] = NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(obj->stringval);
-        break;
-      case XPATH_BOOLEAN:
-        argv[i] = obj->boolval == 1 ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
-        break;
-      case XPATH_NUMBER:
-        argv[i] = rb_float_new(obj->floatval);
-        break;
-      case XPATH_NODESET:
-        argv[i] = noko_xml_node_set_wrap(obj->nodesetval, doc);
-        break;
-      default:
-        argv[i] = NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(xmlXPathCastToString(obj));
-      }
-      xmlXPathFreeNodeSetList(obj);
-    } while (i-- > 0);
+  for (int j = nargs - 1 ; j >= 0 ; --j) {
+    obj = valuePop(ctx);
+    argv[j] = xpath2ruby(obj, ctx->context);
+    if (argv[j] == Qundef) {
+      argv[j] = NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(xmlXPathCastToString(obj));
+    }
+    xmlXPathFreeNodeSetList(obj);
   }
 
   result = rb_funcall2(handler, rb_intern((const char *)function_name), nargs, argv);
 
-  for (i = 0 ; i < nargs ; ++i) {
-    rb_gc_unregister_address(&argv[i]);
+  for (int j = 0 ; j < nargs ; ++j) {
+    rb_gc_unregister_address(&argv[j]);
   }
   free(argv);
 
   switch (TYPE(result)) {
-  case T_FLOAT:
-  case T_BIGNUM:
-  case T_FIXNUM:
-    xmlXPathReturnNumber(ctx, NUM2DBL(result));
-    break;
-  case T_STRING:
-    xmlXPathReturnString(
-      ctx,
-      xmlCharStrdup(StringValueCStr(result))
-    );
-    break;
-  case T_TRUE:
-    xmlXPathReturnTrue(ctx);
-    break;
-  case T_FALSE:
-    xmlXPathReturnFalse(ctx);
-    break;
-  case T_NIL:
-    break;
-  case T_ARRAY: {
-    VALUE args[2];
-    args[0] = doc;
-    args[1] = result;
-    node_set = rb_class_new_instance(2, args, cNokogiriXmlNodeSet);
-    Data_Get_Struct(node_set, xmlNodeSet, xml_node_set);
-    xmlXPathReturnNodeSet(ctx, xmlXPathNodeSetMerge(NULL, xml_node_set));
-  }
-  break;
-  case T_DATA:
-    if (rb_obj_is_kind_of(result, cNokogiriXmlNodeSet)) {
-      Data_Get_Struct(result, xmlNodeSet, xml_node_set);
-      /* Copy the node set, otherwise it will get GC'd. */
-      xmlXPathReturnNodeSet(ctx, xmlXPathNodeSetMerge(NULL, xml_node_set));
+    case T_FLOAT:
+    case T_BIGNUM:
+    case T_FIXNUM:
+      xmlXPathReturnNumber(ctx, NUM2DBL(result));
+      break;
+    case T_STRING:
+      xmlXPathReturnString(
+        ctx,
+        xmlCharStrdup(StringValueCStr(result))
+      );
       break;
+    case T_TRUE:
+      xmlXPathReturnTrue(ctx);
+      break;
+    case T_FALSE:
+      xmlXPathReturnFalse(ctx);
+      break;
+    case T_NIL:
+      break;
+    case T_ARRAY: {
+      VALUE args[2];
+      args[0] = doc;
+      args[1] = result;
+      node_set = rb_class_new_instance(2, args, cNokogiriXmlNodeSet);
+      Data_Get_Struct(node_set, xmlNodeSet, xml_node_set);
+      xmlXPathReturnNodeSet(ctx, xmlXPathNodeSetMerge(NULL, xml_node_set));
     }
-  default:
-    rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Invalid return type");
+    break;
+    case T_DATA:
+      if (rb_obj_is_kind_of(result, cNokogiriXmlNodeSet)) {
+        Data_Get_Struct(result, xmlNodeSet, xml_node_set);
+        /* Copy the node set, otherwise it will get GC'd. */
+        xmlXPathReturnNodeSet(ctx, xmlXPathNodeSetMerge(NULL, xml_node_set));
+        break;
+      }
+    default:
+      rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Invalid return type");
   }
 }
 
@@ -275,7 +313,7 @@ static VALUE
 evaluate(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
   VALUE search_path, xpath_handler;
-  VALUE thing = Qnil;
+  VALUE retval = Qnil;
   xmlXPathContextPtr ctx;
   xmlXPathObjectPtr xpath;
   xmlChar *query;
@@ -310,31 +348,14 @@ evaluate(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     rb_exc_raise(Nokogiri_wrap_xml_syntax_error(error));
   }
 
-  assert(ctx->doc);
-  assert(DOC_RUBY_OBJECT_TEST(ctx->doc));
-
-  switch (xpath->type) {
-  case XPATH_STRING:
-    thing = NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(xpath->stringval);
-    xmlFree(xpath->stringval);
-    break;
-  case XPATH_NODESET:
-    thing = noko_xml_node_set_wrap(xpath->nodesetval,
-                                   DOC_RUBY_OBJECT(ctx->doc));
-    break;
-  case XPATH_NUMBER:
-    thing = rb_float_new(xpath->floatval);
-    break;
-  case XPATH_BOOLEAN:
-    thing = xpath->boolval == 1 ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
-    break;
-  default:
-    thing = noko_xml_node_set_wrap(NULL, DOC_RUBY_OBJECT(ctx->doc));
+  retval = xpath2ruby(xpath, ctx);
+  if (retval == Qundef) {
+    retval = noko_xml_node_set_wrap(NULL, DOC_RUBY_OBJECT(ctx->doc));
   }
 
   xmlXPathFreeNodeSetList(xpath);
 
-  return thing;
+  return retval;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -350,9 +371,12 @@ new (VALUE klass, VALUE nodeobj)
   xmlXPathContextPtr ctx;
   VALUE self;
 
-  Data_Get_Struct(nodeobj, xmlNode, node);
+  Noko_Node_Get_Struct(nodeobj, xmlNode, node);
 
+#if LIBXML_VERSION < 21000
+  /* deprecated in 40483d0 */
   xmlXPathInit();
+#endif
 
   ctx = xmlXPathNewContext(node->doc);
   ctx->node = node;
@@ -360,6 +384,8 @@ new (VALUE klass, VALUE nodeobj)
   xmlXPathRegisterNs(ctx, NOKOGIRI_BUILTIN_PREFIX, NOKOGIRI_BUILTIN_URI);
   xmlXPathRegisterFuncNS(ctx, (const xmlChar *)"css-class", NOKOGIRI_BUILTIN_URI,
                          xpath_builtin_css_class);
+  xmlXPathRegisterFuncNS(ctx, (const xmlChar *)"local-name-is", NOKOGIRI_BUILTIN_URI,
+                         xpath_builtin_local_name_is);
 
   self = Data_Wrap_Struct(klass, 0, deallocate, ctx);
   return self;
@@ -373,6 +399,8 @@ noko_init_xml_xpath_context(void)
    */
   cNokogiriXmlXpathContext = rb_define_class_under(mNokogiriXml, "XPathContext", rb_cObject);
 
+  rb_undef_alloc_func(cNokogiriXmlXpathContext);
+
   rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriXmlXpathContext, "new", new, 1);
 
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXmlXpathContext, "evaluate", evaluate, -1);
diff --git a/ext/nokogiri/xslt_stylesheet.c b/ext/nokogiri/xslt_stylesheet.c
index 146550f97b..0b75886d38 100644
--- a/ext/nokogiri/xslt_stylesheet.c
+++ b/ext/nokogiri/xslt_stylesheet.c
@@ -64,7 +64,6 @@ parse_stylesheet_doc(VALUE klass, VALUE xmldocobj)
   VALUE errstr, exception;
   xsltStylesheetPtr ss ;
   Data_Get_Struct(xmldocobj, xmlDoc, xml);
-  exsltRegisterAll();
 
   errstr = rb_str_new(0, 0);
   xsltSetGenericErrorFunc((void *)errstr, xslt_generic_error_handler);
@@ -108,19 +107,117 @@ serialize(VALUE self, VALUE xmlobj)
 }
 
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *    transform(document, params = [])
+ * call-seq:
+ *   transform(document)
+ *   transform(document, params = {})
+ *
+ * Apply an XSLT stylesheet to an XML::Document.
+ *
+ * [Parameters]
+ * - +document+ (Nokogiri::XML::Document) the document to be transformed.
+ * - +params+ (Hash, Array) strings used as XSLT parameters.
+ *
+ * [Returns] Nokogiri::XML::Document
+ *
+ * *Example* of basic transformation:
+ *
+ *   xslt = <<~XSLT
+ *     <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
+ *     xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
+ *
+ *     <xsl:param name="title"/>
+ *
+ *     <xsl:template match="/">
+ *       <html>
+ *         <body>
+ *           <h1><xsl:value-of select="$title"/></h1>
+ *           <ol>
+ *             <xsl:for-each select="staff/employee">
+ *               <li><xsl:value-of select="employeeId"></li>
+ *             </xsl:for-each>
+ *           </ol>
+ *         </body>
+ *       </html>
+ *     </xsl:stylesheet>
+ *   XSLT
+ *
+ *   xml = <<~XML
+ *     <?xml version="1.0"?>
+ *     <staff>
+ *       <employee>
+ *         <employeeId>EMP0001</employeeId>
+ *         <position>Accountant</position>
+ *       </employee>
+ *       <employee>
+ *         <employeeId>EMP0002</employeeId>
+ *         <position>Developer</position>
+ *       </employee>
+ *     </staff>
+ *   XML
+ *
+ *   doc = Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse(xml)
+ *   stylesheet = Nokogiri::XSLT.parse(xslt)
  *
- *  Apply an XSLT stylesheet to an XML::Document.
- *  +params+ is an array of strings used as XSLT parameters.
- *  returns Nokogiri::XML::Document
+ * ⚠ Note that the +h1+ element is empty because no param has been provided!
  *
- *  Example:
+ *   stylesheet.transform(doc).to_xml
+ *   # => "<html><body>\n" +
+ *   #    "<h1></h1>\n" +
+ *   #    "<ol>\n" +
+ *   #    "<li>EMP0001</li>\n" +
+ *   #    "<li>EMP0002</li>\n" +
+ *   #    "</ol>\n" +
+ *   #    "</body></html>\n"
  *
- *    doc   = Nokogiri::XML(File.read(ARGV[0]))
- *    xslt  = Nokogiri::XSLT(File.read(ARGV[1]))
- *    puts xslt.transform(doc, ['key', 'value'])
+ * *Example* of using an input parameter hash:
  *
+ * ⚠ The title is populated, but note how we need to quote-escape the value.
+ *
+ *   stylesheet.transform(doc, { "title" => "'Employee List'" }).to_xml
+ *   # => "<html><body>\n" +
+ *   #    "<h1>Employee List</h1>\n" +
+ *   #    "<ol>\n" +
+ *   #    "<li>EMP0001</li>\n" +
+ *   #    "<li>EMP0002</li>\n" +
+ *   #    "</ol>\n" +
+ *   #    "</body></html>\n"
+ *
+ * *Example* using the XSLT.quote_params helper method to safely quote-escape strings:
+ *
+ *   stylesheet.transform(doc, Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params({ "title" => "Aaron's List" })).to_xml
+ *   # => "<html><body>\n" +
+ *   #    "<h1>Aaron's List</h1>\n" +
+ *   #    "<ol>\n" +
+ *   #    "<li>EMP0001</li>\n" +
+ *   #    "<li>EMP0002</li>\n" +
+ *   #    "</ol>\n" +
+ *   #    "</body></html>\n"
+ *
+ * *Example* using an array of XSLT parameters
+ *
+ * You can also use an array if you want to.
+ *
+ *   stylesheet.transform(doc, ["title", "'Employee List'"]).to_xml
+ *   # => "<html><body>\n" +
+ *   #    "<h1>Employee List</h1>\n" +
+ *   #    "<ol>\n" +
+ *   #    "<li>EMP0001</li>\n" +
+ *   #    "<li>EMP0002</li>\n" +
+ *   #    "</ol>\n" +
+ *   #    "</body></html>\n"
+ *
+ * Or pass an array to XSLT.quote_params:
+ *
+ *   stylesheet.transform(doc, Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params(["title", "Aaron's List"])).to_xml
+ *   # => "<html><body>\n" +
+ *   #    "<h1>Aaron's List</h1>\n" +
+ *   #    "<ol>\n" +
+ *   #    "<li>EMP0001</li>\n" +
+ *   #    "<li>EMP0002</li>\n" +
+ *   #    "</ol>\n" +
+ *   #    "</body></html>\n"
+ *
+ * See: Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params
  */
 static VALUE
 transform(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
@@ -257,6 +354,8 @@ noko_init_xslt_stylesheet()
 
   cNokogiriXsltStylesheet = rb_define_class_under(mNokogiriXslt, "Stylesheet", rb_cObject);
 
+  rb_undef_alloc_func(cNokogiriXsltStylesheet);
+
   rb_define_singleton_method(cNokogiriXsltStylesheet, "parse_stylesheet_doc", parse_stylesheet_doc, 1);
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXsltStylesheet, "serialize", serialize, 1);
   rb_define_method(cNokogiriXsltStylesheet, "transform", transform, -1);
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/.gitignore b/gumbo-parser/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3d04bd296b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+build
+googletest
+src/*.o
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/CHANGES.md b/gumbo-parser/CHANGES.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..277b3a2bbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/CHANGES.md
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+## Gumbo 0.10.1 (2015-04-30)
+
+Same as 0.10.0, but with the version number bumped because the last version-number commit to v0.9.4 makes GitHub think that v0.9.4 is the latest version and so it's not highlighted on the webpage.
+
+## Gumbo 0.10.0 (2015-04-30)
+
+* Full support for `<template>` tag (kevinhendricks, nostrademons).
+* Some fixes for `<rtc>`/`<rt>` handling (kevinhendricks, vmg).
+* All html5lib-trunk tests pass now! (kevinhendricks, vmg, nostrademons)
+* Support for fragment parsing (vmg)
+* A couple additional example programs (kevinhendricks)
+* Performance improvements totaling an estimated 30-40% total improvement (vmg, nostrademons).
+
+## Gumbo 0.9.4 (2015-04-30)
+
+* Additional Visual Studio fixes (lowjoel, nostrademons)
+* Fixed some unused variable warnings.
+* Fix for glibtoolize vs. libtoolize build errors on Mac.
+* Fixed `CDATA` end tag handling.
+
+## Gumbo 0.9.3 (2015-02-17)
+
+* Bugfix for `&AElig;` entities (rgrove)
+* Fix `CDATA` handling; `CDATA` sections now generate a `GUMBO_NODE_CDATA` node rather
+than plain text.
+* Fix `get_title example` to handle whitespace nodes (gsnedders)
+* Visual Studio compilation fixes (fishioon)
+* Take the namespace into account when determining whether a node matches a
+certain tag (aroben)
+* Replace the varargs tag functions with a tagset bytevector, for a 20-30%
+speedup in overall parse time (kevinhendricks, vmg)
+* Add MacOS X support to Travis CI, and fix the deployment/DLL issues this
+uncovered (nostrademons, kevinhendricks, vmg)
+
+## Gumbo 0.9.2 (2014-09-21)
+
+* Performance improvements: Ragel-based char ref decoder and DFA-based UTF8
+decoder, totaling speedups of up to 300%.
+* Added benchmarking program and some sample data.
+* Fixed a compiler error under Visual Studio.
+* Fix an error in the ctypes bindings that could lead to memory corruption in
+the Python bindings.
+* Fix duplicate attributes when parsing `<isindex>` tags.
+* Don't leave semicolons behind when consuming entity references (rgrove)
+* Internally rename some functions in preparation for an amalgamation file
+(jdeng)
+* Add proper cflags for gyp builds (skabbes)
+
+## Gumbo 0.9.1 (2014-08-07)
+
+* First version listed on PyPi.
+* Autotools files excluded from GitHub and generated via autogen.sh. (endgame)
+* Numerous compiler warnings fixed. (bnoordhuis, craigbarnes)
+* Google security audit passed.
+* Gyp support (tfarina)
+* Naming convention for structs changed to avoid C reserved words.
+* Fix several integer and buffer overflows (Maxime2)
+* Some Visual Studio compiler support (bugparty)
+* Python3 compatibility for the ctypes bindings.
+
+## Gumbo 0.9.0 (2013-08-13)
+
+* Initial release open-sourced by Google.
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/Makefile b/gumbo-parser/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..622eeb5793
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+.PHONY: all clean check coverage
+
+gumbo_objs := $(patsubst %.c,build/%.o,$(wildcard src/*.c))
+test_objs := $(patsubst %.cc,build/%.o,$(wildcard test/*.cc))
+gtest_lib := googletest/make/gtest_main.a
+
+# make SANITIZEFLAGS='-fsanitize=undefined -fsanitize=address'
+SANITIZEFLAGS :=
+CPPFLAGS := -Isrc
+CFLAGS := -std=c99 -Os -Wall
+CXXFLAGS := -isystem googletest/include -std=c++11 -Os -Wall
+LDFLAGS := -pthread
+
+all: check
+
+src/%.c: src/%.rl
+	ragel -F1 -o $@ $<
+
+build/src:
+	mkdir -p $@
+
+build/test:
+	mkdir -p $@
+
+build/src/%.o: src/%.c build/src/flags | build/src
+	$(CC) -MMD $(CPPFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(SANITIZEFLAGS) -c -o $@ $<
+
+build/test/%.o: test/%.cc build/test/flags | build/test
+	$(CXX) -MMD $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $(SANITIZEFLAGS) -c -o $@ $<
+
+build/run_tests: $(gumbo_objs) $(test_objs) $(gtest_lib)
+	$(CXX) -o $@ $+ $(LDFLAGS) $(SANITIZEFLAGS)
+
+check: build/run_tests
+	./build/run_tests
+
+coverage:
+	$(RM) build/{src,test}/*.gcda
+	$(RM) build/*.info
+	$(MAKE) CPPFLAGS='-Isrc -DNDEBUG=1' \
+		CFLAGS='-std=c99 --coverage -g -O0' \
+		CXXFLAGS='-isystem googletest/include -std=c++11 --coverage -g -O0' \
+		LDFLAGS='--coverage' \
+		build/run_tests
+	lcov	--no-external \
+		--initial \
+		--capture \
+		--base-directory . \
+		--directory build \
+		--output-file build/coverage-pre.info
+	awk	-F '[:,]' \
+		'/^SF:/ { delete defs } /^FN:/ { defs[$$2]=1 } /^DA:/ { if ($$3 == 0 && $$2 in defs) next } { print }' \
+		build/coverage-pre.info > build/coverage-initial.info
+	./build/run_tests
+	lcov	--no-external \
+		--capture \
+		--base-directory . \
+		--directory build \
+		--rc lcov_branch_coverage=1 \
+		--output-file build/coverage-test.info
+	lcov	--add-tracefile build/coverage-initial.info \
+		--add-tracefile build/coverage-test.info \
+		--rc lcov_branch_coverage=1 \
+		--output-file build/coverage.info
+	lcov	--remove build/coverage.info '$(CURDIR)/googletest/*' \
+		--rc lcov_branch_coverage=1 \
+		--output-file build/coverage.info
+	genhtml --branch-coverage \
+		--output-directory build/coverage \
+		build/coverage.info
+
+clean:
+	$(RM) -r build
+
+build/src/flags: | build/src
+	@echo 'old_CC := $(CC)' > $@
+	@echo 'old_CPPFLAGS := $(CPPFLAGS)' >> $@
+	@echo 'old_CFLAGS := $(CFLAGS)' >>$@
+	@echo 'old_SANITIZEFLAGS := $(SANITIZEFLAGS)' >> $@
+	@echo 'old_LDFLAGS := $(LDFLAGS)' >> $@
+
+build/test/flags: | build/test
+	@echo 'old_CXX := $(CXX)' > $@
+	@echo 'old_CPPFLAGS := $(CPPFLAGS)' >> $@
+	@echo 'old_CXXFLAGS := $(CXXFLAGS)' >> $@
+	@echo 'old_SANITIZEFLAGS := $(SANITIZEFLAGS)' >> $@
+	@echo 'old_LDFLAGS := $(LDFLAGS)' >> $@
+
+ifeq (,$(filter clean coverage,$(MAKECMDGOALS)))
+# Ensure that the flags are up to date.
+-include build/src/flags build/test/flags
+ifneq ($(old_CC) | $(old_CPPFLAGS) | $(old_CFLAGS) | $(old_SANITIZEFLAGS) | $(old_LDFLAGS),$(CC) | $(CPPFLAGS) | $(CFLAGS) | $(SANITIZEFLAGS) | $(LDFLAGS))
+.PHONY: build/src/flags
+endif
+ifneq ($(old_CXX) | $(old_CPPFLAGS) | $(old_CXXFLAGS) | $(old_SANITIZEFLAGS) | $(old_LDFLAGS),$(CXX) | $(CPPFLAGS) | $(CXXFLAGS) | $(SANITIZEFLAGS) | $(LDFLAGS))
+.PHONY: build/test/flags
+endif
+
+# Include dependencies.
+-include $(test_objs:.o=.d) $(gumbo_objs:.o=.d)
+endif
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/THANKS b/gumbo-parser/THANKS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a5a4f3ddb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/THANKS
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+Gumbo HTML parser THANKS file
+
+Gumbo was originally written by Jonathan Tang, but many people helped out through suggestions, question-answering, code reviews, bugfixes, and organizational support.  Here is a list of these people.  Help me keep it complete and exempt of errors.
+
+Adam Barth
+Adam Roben
+Ben Noordhuis
+Bowen Han
+Constantinos Michael
+Craig Barnes
+Geoffrey Sneddon
+Ian Hickson
+Jack Deng
+Joel Low
+Jonathan Shneier
+Kevin Hendricks
+Mason Tang
+Maxim Zakharov
+Michal Zalewski
+Neal Norwitz
+Othar Hansson
+Ryan Grove
+Stefan Haustein
+Steffen Meschkat
+Steven Kabbes
+Thiago Farina
+Vicent Marti
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/Makefile b/gumbo-parser/src/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6bd4a18fbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# this Makefile is used by ext/nokogiri/extconf.rb
+# to enable a mini_portile2 recipe to build the gumbo parser
+.PHONY: clean
+
+CFLAGS += -std=c99 -Wall
+
+# allow the ENV var to override this
+RANLIB ?= ranlib
+
+gumbo_objs := \
+	ascii.o \
+	attribute.o \
+	char_ref.o \
+	error.o \
+	foreign_attrs.o \
+	parser.o \
+	string_buffer.o \
+	string_piece.o \
+	svg_attrs.o \
+	svg_tags.o \
+	tag.o \
+	tag_lookup.o \
+	token_buffer.o \
+	tokenizer.o \
+	utf8.o \
+	util.o \
+	vector.o
+
+libgumbo.a: $(gumbo_objs)
+	$(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $@ $(gumbo_objs)
+	- ($(RANLIB) $@ || true) >/dev/null 2>&1
+
+clean:
+	rm -f $(gumbo_objs) libgumbo.a
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/README.md b/gumbo-parser/src/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5e75c41e54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+libgumbo
+========
+
+This is an internal fork of the [libgumbo] library, which was copied and
+later modified under the terms of the Apache 2.0 [license]. See `lua-gumbo`
+commit [`0a04728`] for details of the original import.
+
+Since importing the code, the following notable fixes and improvements
+have been made:
+
+* `91cef89`: Re-implement `adjust_foreign_attributes()` with a gperf hash
+* `b11abe7`: Pass `TagSet` arrays into functions by reference instead of value
+* `b73dc03`: Simplify `maybe_replace_codepoint()` function
+* `d5d0bb3`: Remove special handling of `<menuitem>` tag
+* `7bd5162`: Remove special handling of `<isindex>` tag
+* `a5c1b0e`: Use `realloc(3)` instead of `malloc(3)` in `enlarge_vector_if_full()`
+* `dcbebd7`: Use `realloc(3)` instead of `malloc(3)` in `maybe_resize_string_buffer()`
+* `df15262`: Make `destroy_node()` function non-recursive
+* `2df37f5`: Fix signedness of some format specifiers
+* `176553e`: Add maximum element nesting limit
+* `bed0f4a`: Annotate `gumbo_debug()` with `PRINTF` macro and fix warnings
+* `7ffc218`: Annotate `print_message()` with `PRINTF` macro and fix warnings
+* `1bd8ab5`, `9136507`, `53a1f9a`: Deduplicate some identical `TagSet` arrays
+* `a7a9065`: Add some GCC/Clang function attributes
+* `8d3d4e4`: Remove custom allocator support
+* `8d3b006`: Fix recording of source positions for `</form>` end tags
+* `1a8d763`: Replace linear search in `maybe_replace_codepoint()` with a lookup table
+* `6dca79e`: Replace `strcasecmp()` and `strncasecmp()` with ascii-only equivalents
+* `17ab1d2`: Fix `TAGSET_INCLUDES` macro to work properly with multiple bit flags
+* `7e56d45`: Re-implement `gumbo_normalize_svg_tagname()` with a gperf hash
+* `a518d35`: Replace linear array search in `adjust_svg_attributes()` with a gperf hash
+* `a4a7433`: Fix duplicate `TagSet` initializer being ignored in `is_special_node()`
+* `8137fcd`: Add support for `<dialog>` tag
+* `4b35471`: Add missing `static` qualifiers to hide symbols that shouldn't be extern
+* `df57c59`, `03101f3`, `ea62330`: Replace use of locale-dependant `ctype.h` functions
+  with custom, ASCII-only equivalents
+
+
+[libgumbo]: https://github.com/google/gumbo-parser/tree/aa91b27b02c0c80c482e24348a457ed7c3c088e0/src
+[license]: https://github.com/google/gumbo-parser/blob/aa91b27b02c0c80c482e24348a457ed7c3c088e0/COPYING
+[`0a04728`]: https://gitlab.com/craigbarnes/lua-gumbo/commit/0a047282815af86f3367a7d95fefcfe5723ece48
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/ascii.c b/gumbo-parser/src/ascii.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..35c4278a99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/ascii.c
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+#include "ascii.h"
+
+int gumbo_ascii_strcasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2) {
+  int c1, c2;
+  while (*s1 && *s2) {
+    c1 = (int)(unsigned char) gumbo_ascii_tolower(*s1);
+    c2 = (int)(unsigned char) gumbo_ascii_tolower(*s2);
+    if (c1 != c2) {
+      return (c1 - c2);
+    }
+    s1++;
+    s2++;
+  }
+  return (((int)(unsigned char) *s1) - ((int)(unsigned char) *s2));
+}
+
+int gumbo_ascii_strncasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t n) {
+  int c1, c2;
+  while (n && *s1 && *s2) {
+    n -= 1;
+    c1 = (int)(unsigned char) gumbo_ascii_tolower(*s1);
+    c2 = (int)(unsigned char) gumbo_ascii_tolower(*s2);
+    if (c1 != c2) {
+      return (c1 - c2);
+    }
+    s1++;
+    s2++;
+  }
+  if (n) {
+    return (((int)(unsigned char) *s1) - ((int)(unsigned char) *s2));
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+const unsigned char _gumbo_ascii_table[0x80] = {
+  0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x03,0x03,0x01,0x03,0x03,0x01,0x01,
+  0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,
+  0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+  0x1c,0x1c,0x1c,0x1c,0x1c,0x1c,0x1c,0x1c,0x1c,0x1c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+  0x00,0x28,0x28,0x28,0x28,0x28,0x28,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,
+  0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+  0x00,0x50,0x50,0x50,0x50,0x50,0x50,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,
+  0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+};
+
+// Table generation code.
+// clang -DGUMBO_GEN_TABLE=1 ascii.c && ./a.out && rm a.out
+#if GUMBO_GEN_TABLE
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int main() {
+  printf("const unsigned char _gumbo_ascii_table[0x80] = {");
+  for (int c = 0; c < 0x80; ++c) {
+    unsigned int x = 0;
+    // https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#ascii-code-point
+    if (c <= 0x1f)
+      x |= GUMBO_ASCII_CNTRL;
+    if (c == 0x09 || c == 0x0a || c == 0x0c || c == 0x0d || c == 0x20)
+      x |= GUMBO_ASCII_SPACE;
+    if (c >= 0x30 && c <= 0x39)
+      x |= GUMBO_ASCII_DIGIT;
+    if ((c >= 0x30 && c <= 0x39) || (c >= 0x41 && c <= 0x46))
+      x |= GUMBO_ASCII_UPPER_XDIGIT;
+    if ((c >= 0x30 && c <= 0x39) || (c >= 0x61 && c <= 0x66))
+      x |= GUMBO_ASCII_LOWER_XDIGIT;
+    if (c >= 0x41 && c <= 0x5a)
+      x |= GUMBO_ASCII_UPPER_ALPHA;
+    if (c >= 0x61 && c <= 0x7a)
+      x |= GUMBO_ASCII_LOWER_ALPHA;
+    printf("%s0x%02x,", (c % 16 == 0? "\n  " : ""), x);
+  }
+  printf("\n};\n");
+  return 0;
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/ascii.h b/gumbo-parser/src/ascii.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c8adce6dc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/ascii.h
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+#ifndef GUMBO_ASCII_H_
+#define GUMBO_ASCII_H_
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include "macros.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+PURE NONNULL_ARGS
+int gumbo_ascii_strcasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2);
+
+PURE NONNULL_ARGS
+int gumbo_ascii_strncasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t n);
+
+// If these values change, then _gumbo_ascii_table needs to be regenerated.
+#define GUMBO_ASCII_CNTRL 1
+#define GUMBO_ASCII_SPACE 2
+#define GUMBO_ASCII_DIGIT 4
+#define GUMBO_ASCII_UPPER_XDIGIT 8
+#define GUMBO_ASCII_LOWER_XDIGIT 16
+#define GUMBO_ASCII_UPPER_ALPHA 32
+#define GUMBO_ASCII_LOWER_ALPHA 64
+#define GUMBO_ASCII_XDIGIT (GUMBO_ASCII_LOWER_XDIGIT | GUMBO_ASCII_UPPER_XDIGIT)
+#define GUMBO_ASCII_ALPHA (GUMBO_ASCII_UPPER_ALPHA | GUMBO_ASCII_LOWER_ALPHA)
+#define GUMBO_ASCII_ALNUM (GUMBO_ASCII_DIGIT | GUMBO_ASCII_ALPHA)
+
+extern const unsigned char _gumbo_ascii_table[0x80];
+
+CONST_FN
+static inline int gumbo_ascii_isascii(int c) {
+  return ((unsigned int)c & ~0x7fu) == 0;
+}
+
+// 0x00 -- 0x1F (A C0 control)
+CONST_FN
+static inline int gumbo_ascii_iscntrl(int c) {
+  return gumbo_ascii_isascii(c)
+         && (_gumbo_ascii_table[c] & GUMBO_ASCII_CNTRL);
+}
+
+// 0x09, 0x0a, 0x0c, 0x0d, 0x20
+CONST_FN
+static inline int gumbo_ascii_isspace(int c) {
+  return gumbo_ascii_isascii(c)
+         && (_gumbo_ascii_table[c] & GUMBO_ASCII_SPACE);
+}
+
+CONST_FN
+static inline int gumbo_ascii_istab_or_newline(int c) {
+  return c == 0x09 || c == 0x0a || c == 0x0d;
+}
+
+
+CONST_FN
+static inline int gumbo_ascii_isdigit(int c) {
+  return c >= 0x30 && c <= 0x39;
+}
+
+CONST_FN
+static inline int gumbo_ascii_isalpha(int c) {
+  return gumbo_ascii_isascii(c)
+         && (_gumbo_ascii_table[c] & GUMBO_ASCII_ALPHA);
+}
+
+CONST_FN
+static inline int gumbo_ascii_isxdigit(int c) {
+  return gumbo_ascii_isascii(c)
+         && (_gumbo_ascii_table[c] & GUMBO_ASCII_XDIGIT);
+}
+
+CONST_FN
+static inline int gumbo_ascii_isupper_xdigit(int c) {
+  return gumbo_ascii_isascii(c)
+         && (_gumbo_ascii_table[c] & GUMBO_ASCII_UPPER_XDIGIT);
+}
+
+CONST_FN
+static inline int gumbo_ascii_islower_xdigit(int c) {
+  return gumbo_ascii_isascii(c)
+         && (_gumbo_ascii_table[c] & GUMBO_ASCII_LOWER_XDIGIT);
+}
+
+CONST_FN
+static inline int gumbo_ascii_isupper(int c) {
+  return ((unsigned)(c) - 'A') < 26;
+}
+
+CONST_FN
+static inline int gumbo_ascii_islower(int c) {
+  return gumbo_ascii_isascii(c)
+         && (_gumbo_ascii_table[c] & GUMBO_ASCII_LOWER_ALPHA);
+}
+
+CONST_FN
+static inline int gumbo_ascii_isalnum(int c) {
+  return gumbo_ascii_isascii(c)
+         && (_gumbo_ascii_table[c] & GUMBO_ASCII_ALNUM);
+}
+  
+
+CONST_FN
+static inline int gumbo_ascii_tolower(int c) {
+  if (gumbo_ascii_isupper(c)) {
+    return c | 32;
+  }
+  return c;
+}
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif // GUMBO_ASCII_H_
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/attribute.c b/gumbo-parser/src/attribute.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8967ee98f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/attribute.c
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*
+ Copyright 2018 Craig Barnes.
+ Copyright 2010 Google Inc.
+
+ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "attribute.h"
+#include "ascii.h"
+#include "util.h"
+
+GumboAttribute* gumbo_get_attribute (
+  const GumboVector* attributes,
+  const char* name
+) {
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < attributes->length; ++i) {
+    GumboAttribute* attr = attributes->data[i];
+    if (!gumbo_ascii_strcasecmp(attr->name, name)) {
+      return attr;
+    }
+  }
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+void gumbo_destroy_attribute(GumboAttribute* attribute) {
+  gumbo_free((void*) attribute->name);
+  gumbo_free((void*) attribute->value);
+  gumbo_free((void*) attribute);
+}
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/attribute.h b/gumbo-parser/src/attribute.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3383bde612
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/attribute.h
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#ifndef GUMBO_ATTRIBUTE_H_
+#define GUMBO_ATTRIBUTE_H_
+
+#include "gumbo.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+// Release the memory used for a GumboAttribute, including the attribute itself
+void gumbo_destroy_attribute(GumboAttribute* attribute);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif // GUMBO_ATTRIBUTE_H_
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/char_ref.c b/gumbo-parser/src/char_ref.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9fe6842e3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/char_ref.c
@@ -0,0 +1,22225 @@
+
+#line 1 "src/char_ref.rl"
+// Generated from <https://html.spec.whatwg.org/entities.json> by entities.rb
+#include "char_ref.h"
+
+#line 7 "src/char_ref.c"
+static const char _trans_keys[] = {
+	0, 0, 69, 117, 108, 108, 105, 105, 103, 103, 80, 80, 99, 99, 117, 117, 
+	116, 116, 101, 101, 114, 114, 101, 101, 118, 118, 101, 101, 59, 59, 105, 121, 
+	114, 114, 99, 99, 59, 59, 114, 114, 59, 59, 114, 114, 97, 97, 118, 118, 
+	101, 101, 112, 112, 104, 104, 97, 97, 59, 59, 97, 97, 99, 99, 114, 114, 
+	59, 59, 100, 100, 59, 59, 103, 112, 111, 111, 110, 110, 59, 59, 102, 102, 
+	59, 59, 112, 112, 108, 108, 121, 121, 70, 70, 117, 117, 110, 110, 99, 99, 
+	116, 116, 105, 105, 111, 111, 110, 110, 59, 59, 105, 105, 110, 110, 103, 103, 
+	99, 115, 114, 114, 59, 59, 105, 105, 103, 103, 110, 110, 59, 59, 105, 105, 
+	108, 108, 100, 100, 101, 101, 109, 109, 108, 108, 97, 117, 99, 114, 107, 107, 
+	115, 115, 108, 108, 97, 97, 115, 115, 104, 104, 59, 59, 118, 119, 59, 59, 
+	101, 101, 100, 100, 59, 59, 121, 121, 59, 59, 99, 116, 97, 97, 117, 117, 
+	115, 115, 101, 101, 59, 59, 110, 110, 111, 111, 117, 117, 108, 108, 108, 108, 
+	105, 105, 115, 115, 59, 59, 97, 97, 59, 59, 114, 114, 59, 59, 112, 112, 
+	102, 102, 59, 59, 101, 101, 118, 118, 101, 101, 59, 59, 99, 99, 114, 114, 
+	59, 59, 109, 109, 112, 112, 101, 101, 113, 113, 59, 59, 72, 117, 99, 99, 
+	121, 121, 59, 59, 80, 80, 89, 89, 99, 121, 117, 117, 116, 116, 101, 101, 
+	59, 59, 59, 105, 116, 116, 97, 97, 108, 108, 68, 68, 105, 105, 102, 102, 
+	102, 102, 101, 101, 114, 114, 101, 101, 110, 110, 116, 116, 105, 105, 97, 97, 
+	108, 108, 68, 68, 59, 59, 108, 108, 101, 101, 121, 121, 115, 115, 59, 59, 
+	97, 111, 114, 114, 111, 111, 110, 110, 59, 59, 100, 100, 105, 105, 108, 108, 
+	114, 114, 99, 99, 59, 59, 110, 110, 105, 105, 110, 110, 116, 116, 59, 59, 
+	111, 111, 116, 116, 59, 59, 100, 110, 105, 105, 108, 108, 108, 108, 97, 97, 
+	59, 59, 116, 116, 101, 101, 114, 114, 68, 68, 111, 111, 116, 116, 59, 59, 
+	114, 114, 59, 59, 105, 105, 59, 59, 114, 114, 99, 99, 108, 108, 101, 101, 
+	68, 84, 111, 111, 116, 116, 59, 59, 105, 105, 110, 110, 117, 117, 115, 115, 
+	59, 59, 108, 108, 117, 117, 115, 115, 59, 59, 105, 105, 109, 109, 101, 101, 
+	115, 115, 59, 59, 111, 111, 99, 115, 107, 107, 119, 119, 105, 105, 115, 115, 
+	101, 101, 67, 67, 111, 111, 110, 110, 116, 116, 111, 111, 117, 117, 114, 114, 
+	73, 73, 110, 110, 116, 116, 101, 101, 103, 103, 114, 114, 97, 97, 108, 108, 
+	59, 59, 101, 101, 67, 67, 117, 117, 114, 114, 108, 108, 121, 121, 68, 81, 
+	111, 111, 117, 117, 98, 98, 108, 108, 101, 101, 81, 81, 117, 117, 111, 111, 
+	116, 116, 101, 101, 59, 59, 117, 117, 111, 111, 116, 116, 101, 101, 59, 59, 
+	108, 117, 111, 111, 110, 110, 59, 101, 59, 59, 103, 116, 114, 114, 117, 117, 
+	101, 101, 110, 110, 116, 116, 59, 59, 110, 110, 116, 116, 59, 59, 111, 111, 
+	117, 117, 114, 114, 73, 73, 110, 110, 116, 116, 101, 101, 103, 103, 114, 114, 
+	97, 97, 108, 108, 59, 59, 102, 114, 59, 59, 111, 111, 100, 100, 117, 117, 
+	99, 99, 116, 116, 59, 59, 110, 110, 116, 116, 101, 101, 114, 114, 67, 67, 
+	108, 108, 111, 111, 99, 99, 107, 107, 119, 119, 105, 105, 115, 115, 101, 101, 
+	67, 67, 111, 111, 110, 110, 116, 116, 111, 111, 117, 117, 114, 114, 73, 73, 
+	110, 110, 116, 116, 101, 101, 103, 103, 114, 114, 97, 97, 108, 108, 59, 59, 
+	111, 111, 115, 115, 115, 115, 59, 59, 99, 99, 114, 114, 59, 59, 112, 112, 
+	59, 67, 97, 97, 112, 112, 59, 59, 68, 115, 59, 111, 116, 116, 114, 114, 
+	97, 97, 104, 104, 100, 100, 59, 59, 99, 99, 121, 121, 59, 59, 99, 99, 
+	121, 121, 59, 59, 99, 99, 121, 121, 59, 59, 103, 115, 103, 103, 101, 101, 
+	114, 114, 59, 59, 114, 114, 59, 59, 104, 104, 118, 118, 59, 59, 97, 121, 
+	114, 114, 111, 111, 110, 110, 59, 59, 59, 59, 108, 108, 59, 116, 97, 97, 
+	59, 59, 114, 114, 59, 59, 97, 102, 99, 109, 114, 114, 105, 105, 116, 116, 
+	105, 105, 99, 99, 97, 97, 108, 108, 65, 84, 99, 99, 117, 117, 116, 116, 
+	101, 101, 59, 59, 111, 111, 116, 117, 59, 59, 98, 98, 108, 108, 101, 101, 
+	65, 65, 99, 99, 117, 117, 116, 116, 101, 101, 59, 59, 114, 114, 97, 97, 
+	118, 118, 101, 101, 59, 59, 105, 105, 108, 108, 100, 100, 101, 101, 59, 59, 
+	111, 111, 110, 110, 100, 100, 59, 59, 102, 102, 101, 101, 114, 114, 101, 101, 
+	110, 110, 116, 116, 105, 105, 97, 97, 108, 108, 68, 68, 59, 59, 112, 119, 
+	102, 102, 59, 59, 59, 69, 111, 111, 116, 116, 59, 59, 113, 113, 117, 117, 
+	97, 97, 108, 108, 59, 59, 98, 98, 108, 108, 101, 101, 67, 86, 111, 111, 
+	110, 110, 116, 116, 111, 111, 117, 117, 114, 114, 73, 73, 110, 110, 116, 116, 
+	101, 101, 103, 103, 114, 114, 97, 97, 108, 108, 59, 59, 111, 111, 116, 119, 
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+	59, 101, 59, 115, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 111, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 
+	59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 114, 59, 59, 59, 59, 
+	59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 114, 59, 59, 59, 59, 
+	59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 110, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 
+	59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 108, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 
+	59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 
+	59, 59, 59, 100, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 
+	59, 59, 59, 59, 0
+};
+
+static const char _key_spans[] = {
+	0, 49, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 17, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 10, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	17, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 21, 16, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 18, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 46, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 23, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 47, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	15, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 11, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	17, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 17, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 14, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	10, 1, 1, 43, 1, 14, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 13, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	9, 1, 1, 1, 48, 53, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 13, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 25, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 58, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 6, 11, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 20, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 8, 
+	1, 1, 11, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 20, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 4, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	11, 1, 1, 20, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	7, 1, 1, 1, 18, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 20, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 4, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 33, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 27, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 5, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 8, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	8, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 7, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 18, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	43, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	25, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 16, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 4, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	10, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 9, 1, 26, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 7, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 8, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 17, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 4, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 6, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 43, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 42, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 21, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	16, 1, 1, 1, 1, 18, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 53, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 18, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 18, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 49, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 17, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 54, 
+	5, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 
+	43, 12, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 18, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 14, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 19, 17, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 44, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 21, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 43, 1, 1, 1, 16, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 25, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 14, 1, 
+	50, 5, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	24, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 8, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 22, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 14, 1, 28, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 11, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 19, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 8, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 8, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 16, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 43, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 10, 
+	1, 39, 1, 1, 1, 18, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 18, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	7, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 18, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 21, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 9, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 44, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 25, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 17, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 10, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 12, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 6, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 51, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 28, 7, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 13, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 26, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	26, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 14, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 11, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 26, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 6, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 25, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 5, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 11, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 5, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 15, 1, 1, 1, 11, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 11, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	15, 1, 1, 1, 11, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 26, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 11, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 26, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 50, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 17, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 9, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	14, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 10, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 15, 18, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 7, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 19, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	8, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 53, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 26, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 13, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 39, 
+	1, 1, 7, 1, 1, 1, 31, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 52, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 16, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 58, 
+	1, 1, 25, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 60, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 17, 6, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 33, 
+	5, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 18, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	8, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 14, 1, 28, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 11, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 19, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	8, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 8, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 6, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 6, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 46, 
+	33, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 63, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 18, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	4, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 27, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 15, 1, 1, 1, 
+	11, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 11, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 15, 57, 1, 1, 
+	11, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 6, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 26, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 57, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 11, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 44, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 28, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 20, 1, 1, 25, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 5, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 12, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 26, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 18, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 21, 16, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	53, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 17, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 6, 
+	1, 1, 15, 18, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	7, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 22, 1, 1, 1, 1, 10, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 51, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 10, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 7, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 7, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	50, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 51, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 50, 
+	1, 14, 1, 24, 1, 1, 1, 47, 
+	1, 1, 1, 19, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	17, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 14, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 53, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 17, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 44, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 25, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
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+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 18, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	8, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 13, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 39, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 20, 
+	5, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	12, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 16, 1, 45, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 17, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 20, 1, 1, 56, 1, 
+	11, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 50, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	26, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 63, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 42, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 47, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 43, 1, 
+	1, 56, 1, 1, 1, 1, 11, 1, 
+	1, 53, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 6, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 53, 1, 1, 
+	1, 25, 1, 1, 1, 18, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 4, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	7, 1, 1, 60, 1, 1, 56, 1, 
+	1, 1, 55, 1, 11, 1, 11, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 20, 8, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 9, 1, 1, 1, 43, 
+	57, 1, 11, 1, 1, 1, 1, 40, 
+	39, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 15, 1, 
+	1, 59, 1, 1, 1, 1, 19, 21, 
+	1, 57, 1, 1, 57, 1, 1, 15, 
+	57, 1, 1, 1, 43, 1, 1, 57, 
+	1, 1, 1, 43, 1, 1, 44, 1, 
+	2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	18, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 18, 
+	1, 44, 1, 14, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	12, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 15, 57, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 42, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 33, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 17, 1, 
+	52, 1, 55, 1, 1, 1, 55, 1, 
+	1, 1, 15, 1, 1, 1, 57, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 19, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 67, 1, 5, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 42, 1, 1, 1, 1, 7, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 33, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 17, 1, 52, 1, 55, 1, 
+	1, 1, 55, 1, 1, 1, 15, 1, 
+	1, 46, 1, 1, 1, 1, 11, 1, 
+	1, 53, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 23, 4, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 25, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 11, 3, 1, 51, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 60, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	12, 1, 19, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 19, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 39, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 15, 1, 1, 44, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 53, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	16, 1, 1, 1, 20, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 56, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 43, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 43, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 18, 8, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	7, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	7, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 55, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 16, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	17, 1, 1, 1, 8, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 10, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 2, 1, 7, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 18, 4, 1, 1, 43, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 12, 1, 
+	1, 1, 10, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	21, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 7, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 50, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	18, 4, 1, 1, 43, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 15, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 44, 1, 13, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 58, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 60, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 5, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 16, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 11, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 46, 
+	1, 1, 13, 1, 1, 1, 1, 15, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 55, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 55, 1, 
+	11, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 7, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 14, 43, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 19, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 15, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 19, 1, 1, 15, 1, 33, 1, 
+	1, 1, 33, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 17, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	6, 6, 1, 1, 1, 1, 55, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 43, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 21, 21, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 33, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 33, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 17, 1, 
+	1, 1, 7, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 33, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 15, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 5, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 21, 1, 5, 1, 1, 1, 17, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	11, 1, 1, 1, 23, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 25, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 16, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 5, 1, 1, 1, 58, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	43, 57, 1, 1, 53, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 56, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 56, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 52, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 50, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 42, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1
+};
+
+static const unsigned short _index_offsets[] = {
+	0, 0, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 
+	62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 
+	94, 96, 98, 100, 102, 104, 106, 108, 
+	110, 112, 114, 116, 118, 120, 122, 124, 
+	126, 128, 130, 132, 143, 145, 147, 149, 
+	151, 153, 155, 157, 159, 161, 163, 165, 
+	167, 169, 171, 173, 175, 177, 179, 181, 
+	183, 201, 203, 205, 207, 209, 211, 213, 
+	215, 217, 219, 221, 223, 225, 247, 264, 
+	266, 268, 270, 272, 274, 276, 278, 281, 
+	283, 285, 287, 289, 291, 293, 312, 314, 
+	316, 318, 320, 322, 324, 326, 328, 330, 
+	332, 334, 336, 338, 340, 342, 344, 346, 
+	348, 350, 352, 354, 356, 358, 360, 362, 
+	364, 366, 368, 370, 372, 374, 376, 423, 
+	425, 427, 429, 431, 433, 457, 459, 461, 
+	463, 465, 513, 515, 517, 519, 521, 523, 
+	525, 527, 529, 531, 533, 535, 537, 539, 
+	541, 543, 545, 547, 549, 551, 553, 555, 
+	557, 573, 575, 577, 579, 581, 583, 585, 
+	587, 589, 591, 593, 595, 597, 599, 601, 
+	603, 605, 607, 609, 621, 623, 625, 627, 
+	629, 631, 633, 635, 637, 639, 641, 643, 
+	645, 647, 649, 651, 653, 655, 657, 659, 
+	661, 679, 681, 683, 685, 687, 689, 691, 
+	693, 695, 697, 699, 701, 703, 705, 707, 
+	709, 711, 713, 715, 733, 735, 737, 739, 
+	741, 743, 745, 747, 749, 751, 753, 755, 
+	757, 759, 761, 763, 765, 767, 769, 771, 
+	773, 775, 777, 779, 781, 783, 785, 787, 
+	802, 804, 806, 808, 810, 812, 814, 816, 
+	818, 820, 822, 824, 826, 828, 830, 832, 
+	834, 845, 847, 849, 893, 895, 910, 912, 
+	914, 916, 918, 920, 922, 924, 926, 928, 
+	930, 932, 934, 936, 938, 940, 942, 944, 
+	946, 948, 950, 952, 966, 968, 970, 972, 
+	974, 976, 978, 980, 982, 984, 986, 988, 
+	990, 992, 994, 996, 998, 1000, 1002, 1004, 
+	1006, 1008, 1010, 1012, 1014, 1016, 1018, 1020, 
+	1022, 1024, 1026, 1028, 1030, 1032, 1034, 1036, 
+	1038, 1040, 1042, 1044, 1046, 1048, 1050, 1052, 
+	1054, 1064, 1066, 1068, 1070, 1119, 1173, 1175, 
+	1177, 1179, 1181, 1183, 1185, 1187, 1189, 1191, 
+	1193, 1195, 1197, 1199, 1201, 1203, 1217, 1219, 
+	1221, 1223, 1225, 1227, 1229, 1231, 1233, 1235, 
+	1261, 1263, 1265, 1267, 1269, 1271, 1273, 1332, 
+	1334, 1336, 1338, 1340, 1347, 1359, 1361, 1363, 
+	1365, 1367, 1369, 1371, 1373, 1394, 1396, 1398, 
+	1400, 1402, 1404, 1406, 1409, 1411, 1413, 1415, 
+	1417, 1419, 1421, 1423, 1425, 1427, 1429, 1431, 
+	1433, 1435, 1437, 1439, 1441, 1443, 1445, 1447, 
+	1449, 1451, 1453, 1455, 1457, 1459, 1461, 1463, 
+	1465, 1467, 1469, 1471, 1473, 1475, 1477, 1479, 
+	1488, 1490, 1492, 1504, 1506, 1508, 1510, 1512, 
+	1514, 1516, 1518, 1520, 1522, 1524, 1526, 1547, 
+	1549, 1551, 1553, 1555, 1557, 1559, 1561, 1563, 
+	1565, 1567, 1569, 1571, 1573, 1575, 1577, 1579, 
+	1584, 1586, 1588, 1590, 1592, 1594, 1596, 1598, 
+	1600, 1612, 1614, 1616, 1637, 1639, 1641, 1643, 
+	1645, 1647, 1649, 1651, 1653, 1655, 1657, 1659, 
+	1661, 1663, 1665, 1667, 1669, 1671, 1673, 1675, 
+	1677, 1685, 1687, 1689, 1691, 1710, 1712, 1714, 
+	1716, 1718, 1720, 1722, 1724, 1726, 1728, 1730, 
+	1732, 1734, 1736, 1738, 1740, 1742, 1744, 1746, 
+	1748, 1750, 1752, 1754, 1756, 1758, 1760, 1762, 
+	1764, 1766, 1768, 1789, 1791, 1793, 1795, 1797, 
+	1799, 1801, 1803, 1805, 1807, 1812, 1814, 1816, 
+	1818, 1820, 1822, 1824, 1826, 1828, 1830, 1832, 
+	1834, 1836, 1838, 1840, 1842, 1844, 1846, 1848, 
+	1850, 1852, 1854, 1856, 1858, 1860, 1862, 1864, 
+	1898, 1900, 1902, 1904, 1906, 1934, 1936, 1938, 
+	1940, 1942, 1944, 1946, 1948, 1950, 1952, 1954, 
+	1956, 1958, 1960, 1962, 1964, 1966, 1968, 1970, 
+	1976, 1978, 1980, 1982, 1984, 1986, 1988, 1990, 
+	1992, 1994, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006, 
+	2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2020, 2022, 
+	2024, 2026, 2035, 2037, 2039, 2041, 2043, 2045, 
+	2047, 2049, 2053, 2055, 2057, 2059, 2061, 2063, 
+	2065, 2067, 2069, 2071, 2073, 2075, 2077, 2079, 
+	2081, 2090, 2092, 2094, 2096, 2098, 2100, 2108, 
+	2110, 2112, 2114, 2116, 2118, 2120, 2122, 2124, 
+	2126, 2128, 2147, 2149, 2151, 2153, 2155, 2157, 
+	2159, 2203, 2205, 2207, 2209, 2211, 2213, 2215, 
+	2217, 2243, 2245, 2247, 2249, 2251, 2253, 2255, 
+	2257, 2259, 2261, 2263, 2265, 2267, 2269, 2271, 
+	2273, 2275, 2277, 2279, 2281, 2283, 2285, 2287, 
+	2304, 2306, 2308, 2310, 2312, 2314, 2319, 2321, 
+	2323, 2325, 2327, 2329, 2331, 2333, 2335, 2337, 
+	2339, 2341, 2343, 2345, 2347, 2349, 2351, 2353, 
+	2355, 2357, 2359, 2361, 2363, 2365, 2367, 2369, 
+	2371, 2382, 2384, 2386, 2388, 2390, 2392, 2394, 
+	2396, 2398, 2400, 2402, 2404, 2406, 2416, 2418, 
+	2445, 2447, 2449, 2451, 2453, 2455, 2457, 2459, 
+	2461, 2463, 2465, 2467, 2469, 2471, 2479, 2481, 
+	2483, 2485, 2487, 2489, 2491, 2493, 2495, 2504, 
+	2506, 2508, 2510, 2512, 2514, 2516, 2518, 2520, 
+	2522, 2524, 2526, 2528, 2530, 2532, 2550, 2552, 
+	2554, 2556, 2558, 2560, 2562, 2564, 2566, 2571, 
+	2573, 2575, 2577, 2579, 2581, 2583, 2585, 2587, 
+	2589, 2591, 2593, 2595, 2597, 2599, 2601, 2603, 
+	2605, 2607, 2609, 2611, 2613, 2615, 2617, 2619, 
+	2621, 2623, 2630, 2632, 2634, 2636, 2638, 2640, 
+	2642, 2644, 2646, 2648, 2650, 2652, 2654, 2656, 
+	2658, 2660, 2662, 2664, 2708, 2710, 2712, 2714, 
+	2716, 2718, 2720, 2763, 2765, 2767, 2769, 2771, 
+	2773, 2775, 2797, 2799, 2801, 2803, 2805, 2807, 
+	2809, 2811, 2813, 2815, 2817, 2819, 2821, 2823, 
+	2825, 2827, 2829, 2831, 2833, 2835, 2837, 2839, 
+	2841, 2858, 2860, 2862, 2864, 2866, 2885, 2887, 
+	2889, 2891, 2893, 2895, 2897, 2899, 2901, 2903, 
+	2905, 2907, 2909, 2911, 2913, 2915, 2917, 2919, 
+	2921, 2923, 2925, 2927, 2929, 2931, 2933, 2935, 
+	2937, 2939, 2941, 2943, 2945, 2947, 2949, 2951, 
+	2953, 2955, 2957, 2959, 2961, 2963, 2965, 2967, 
+	2969, 2971, 3025, 3027, 3029, 3031, 3033, 3035, 
+	3054, 3056, 3058, 3060, 3062, 3064, 3066, 3068, 
+	3070, 3072, 3074, 3076, 3078, 3080, 3082, 3084, 
+	3086, 3088, 3090, 3092, 3094, 3096, 3100, 3102, 
+	3104, 3106, 3108, 3110, 3112, 3114, 3116, 3118, 
+	3120, 3122, 3124, 3126, 3128, 3147, 3149, 3151, 
+	3153, 3155, 3157, 3159, 3161, 3163, 3166, 3168, 
+	3170, 3172, 3174, 3176, 3178, 3180, 3182, 3184, 
+	3186, 3188, 3190, 3192, 3242, 3244, 3246, 3248, 
+	3250, 3252, 3254, 3256, 3258, 3260, 3262, 3264, 
+	3266, 3268, 3270, 3288, 3290, 3292, 3294, 3296, 
+	3298, 3300, 3302, 3304, 3306, 3308, 3310, 3312, 
+	3367, 3373, 3375, 3377, 3379, 3381, 3383, 3385, 
+	3387, 3389, 3391, 3393, 3395, 3397, 3399, 3401, 
+	3405, 3449, 3462, 3464, 3466, 3468, 3470, 3472, 
+	3474, 3476, 3478, 3480, 3482, 3484, 3486, 3488, 
+	3490, 3492, 3494, 3496, 3498, 3517, 3519, 3521, 
+	3523, 3525, 3527, 3529, 3531, 3533, 3535, 3537, 
+	3552, 3554, 3556, 3558, 3560, 3562, 3564, 3566, 
+	3568, 3570, 3572, 3574, 3576, 3578, 3580, 3582, 
+	3586, 3588, 3590, 3592, 3594, 3614, 3632, 3634, 
+	3636, 3638, 3640, 3642, 3644, 3646, 3648, 3650, 
+	3654, 3656, 3658, 3660, 3662, 3664, 3666, 3668, 
+	3670, 3672, 3674, 3719, 3721, 3723, 3725, 3727, 
+	3729, 3731, 3733, 3735, 3737, 3739, 3761, 3763, 
+	3765, 3767, 3769, 3771, 3773, 3775, 3777, 3779, 
+	3781, 3783, 3785, 3787, 3831, 3833, 3835, 3837, 
+	3854, 3856, 3858, 3860, 3862, 3864, 3866, 3868, 
+	3870, 3872, 3874, 3876, 3878, 3880, 3882, 3884, 
+	3886, 3888, 3890, 3892, 3894, 3920, 3922, 3924, 
+	3926, 3928, 3930, 3932, 3934, 3936, 3938, 3953, 
+	3955, 4006, 4012, 4014, 4016, 4018, 4020, 4022, 
+	4024, 4026, 4028, 4030, 4032, 4034, 4036, 4038, 
+	4040, 4065, 4067, 4069, 4071, 4073, 4075, 4077, 
+	4079, 4081, 4083, 4085, 4087, 4089, 4091, 4093, 
+	4095, 4097, 4099, 4101, 4103, 4105, 4107, 4111, 
+	4113, 4115, 4117, 4119, 4121, 4123, 4125, 4127, 
+	4129, 4131, 4133, 4135, 4139, 4141, 4143, 4145, 
+	4147, 4149, 4151, 4153, 4155, 4157, 4159, 4161, 
+	4163, 4165, 4167, 4176, 4178, 4180, 4182, 4184, 
+	4186, 4188, 4190, 4192, 4194, 4196, 4198, 4200, 
+	4223, 4225, 4227, 4229, 4231, 4233, 4235, 4237, 
+	4239, 4241, 4243, 4245, 4260, 4262, 4291, 4293, 
+	4295, 4297, 4299, 4301, 4303, 4305, 4307, 4309, 
+	4311, 4313, 4315, 4317, 4319, 4321, 4323, 4325, 
+	4337, 4339, 4341, 4343, 4345, 4347, 4349, 4351, 
+	4353, 4355, 4375, 4377, 4379, 4381, 4383, 4385, 
+	4387, 4389, 4391, 4393, 4395, 4397, 4399, 4401, 
+	4403, 4405, 4407, 4409, 4411, 4413, 4415, 4417, 
+	4419, 4421, 4423, 4432, 4434, 4436, 4438, 4440, 
+	4442, 4444, 4446, 4448, 4457, 4459, 4461, 4463, 
+	4465, 4467, 4469, 4471, 4473, 4475, 4477, 4479, 
+	4481, 4483, 4485, 4487, 4489, 4491, 4493, 4495, 
+	4512, 4514, 4516, 4518, 4520, 4522, 4524, 4526, 
+	4528, 4530, 4532, 4534, 4536, 4538, 4540, 4542, 
+	4544, 4546, 4548, 4550, 4552, 4554, 4556, 4558, 
+	4560, 4562, 4564, 4566, 4568, 4570, 4572, 4574, 
+	4576, 4578, 4580, 4582, 4584, 4586, 4588, 4590, 
+	4592, 4594, 4596, 4598, 4600, 4602, 4604, 4606, 
+	4608, 4610, 4654, 4656, 4658, 4660, 4662, 4664, 
+	4666, 4668, 4670, 4672, 4674, 4676, 4678, 4680, 
+	4691, 4693, 4733, 4735, 4737, 4739, 4758, 4760, 
+	4762, 4764, 4766, 4768, 4770, 4772, 4774, 4776, 
+	4778, 4780, 4782, 4784, 4786, 4788, 4790, 4792, 
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+	29090, 29092, 29094, 29096, 29098, 29157, 29159, 29161, 
+	29163, 29165, 29167, 29169, 29171, 29173, 29181, 29183, 
+	29185, 29187, 29189, 29191, 29193, 29195, 29197, 29199, 
+	29201, 29203, 29217, 29219, 29221, 29223, 29225, 29227, 
+	29229, 29231, 29233, 29235, 29237, 29297, 29299, 29301, 
+	29303, 29305, 29307, 29309, 29351, 29409, 29411, 29413, 
+	29415, 29417, 29419, 29421, 29423, 29425, 29427, 29429, 
+	29431, 29433, 29435, 29437, 29439, 29459, 29461, 29463, 
+	29465, 29467, 29469, 29471, 29473, 29475, 29477, 29479, 
+	29481, 29483, 29485, 29487, 29489, 29491, 29493, 29551, 
+	29553, 29601, 29603, 29605, 29607, 29609, 29611, 29613, 
+	29627, 29629, 29649, 29651, 29653, 29655, 29657, 29659, 
+	29661, 29663, 29665, 29667, 29669, 29671, 29673, 29732, 
+	29734, 29736, 29738, 29740, 29742, 29744, 29746, 29748, 
+	29750, 29758, 29760, 29762, 29764, 29766, 29768, 29770, 
+	29772, 29774, 29791, 29793, 29795, 29797, 29799, 29801, 
+	29803, 29805, 29807, 29809, 29811, 29813, 29815, 29817, 
+	29819, 29821, 29823, 29839, 29841, 29847, 29849, 29851, 
+	29853, 29855, 29857, 29859, 29861, 29863, 29865, 29867, 
+	29869, 29871, 29915, 29917, 29919, 29921, 29978, 29999, 
+	30001, 30003, 30005, 30007, 30009, 30011, 30013, 30015, 
+	30017, 30019, 30021, 30023, 30025, 30027, 30029, 30031, 
+	30050, 30068, 30070, 30072, 30074, 30076, 30078, 30080, 
+	30082, 30084, 30086, 30088, 30090, 30092, 30094, 30096, 
+	30147, 30149, 30151, 30153, 30155, 30157, 30159, 30161, 
+	30223, 30225, 30227, 30272, 30274, 30276, 30278, 30280, 
+	30282, 30284, 30286, 30288, 30290, 30292, 30294, 30296, 
+	30298, 30300, 30302, 30304, 30306, 30316, 30318, 30320, 
+	30322, 30324, 30377, 30379, 30381, 30383, 30385, 30404, 
+	30406, 30408, 30410, 30412, 30414, 30416, 30428, 30430, 
+	30438, 30440, 30442, 30458, 30460, 30462, 30481, 30483, 
+	30485, 30511, 30513, 30515, 30517, 30519, 30526, 30528, 
+	30530, 30532, 30534, 30536, 30538, 30540, 30542, 30560, 
+	30562, 30564, 30566, 30568, 30570, 30572, 30574, 30576, 
+	30578, 30635, 30637, 30639, 30641, 30649, 30651, 30709, 
+	30711, 30713, 30715, 30717, 30719, 30721, 30723, 30725, 
+	30727, 30729, 30740, 30742, 30744, 30746, 30748, 30750, 
+	30752, 30754, 30756, 30758, 30774, 30776, 30795, 30797, 
+	30848, 30850, 30911, 30913, 30927, 30929, 30931, 30952, 
+	30954, 30956, 30958, 30960, 31019, 31021, 31023, 31025, 
+	31027, 31029, 31031, 31033, 31035, 31037, 31039, 31058, 
+	31060, 31062, 31064, 31066, 31068, 31070, 31072, 31074, 
+	31076, 31085, 31087, 31089, 31091, 31093, 31095, 31097, 
+	31099, 31101, 31103, 31105, 31107, 31109, 31111, 31113, 
+	31115, 31117, 31119, 31121, 31123, 31125, 31127, 31129, 
+	31131, 31133, 31135, 31137, 31139, 31141, 31143, 31145, 
+	31147, 31149, 31151, 31153, 31155, 31157, 31159, 31161, 
+	31163, 31165, 31167, 31169, 31171, 31173, 31175, 31177, 
+	31179, 31181, 31183, 31185, 31187, 31189, 31191, 31193, 
+	31195, 31197, 31199, 31213, 31215, 31217, 31219, 31221, 
+	31223, 31225, 31227, 31229, 31231, 31233, 31235, 31275, 
+	31277, 31279, 31281, 31283, 31285, 31287, 31289, 31291, 
+	31312, 31318, 31320, 31322, 31324, 31326, 31328, 31330, 
+	31332, 31345, 31347, 31349, 31351, 31353, 31355, 31357, 
+	31359, 31361, 31363, 31365, 31367, 31384, 31386, 31432, 
+	31434, 31436, 31438, 31440, 31442, 31444, 31446, 31448, 
+	31450, 31452, 31454, 31456, 31474, 31476, 31478, 31480, 
+	31482, 31484, 31486, 31488, 31509, 31511, 31513, 31570, 
+	31572, 31584, 31586, 31588, 31590, 31592, 31594, 31596, 
+	31598, 31600, 31602, 31653, 31655, 31657, 31659, 31661, 
+	31663, 31665, 31667, 31669, 31671, 31673, 31675, 31677, 
+	31679, 31706, 31708, 31710, 31712, 31714, 31716, 31718, 
+	31720, 31722, 31724, 31788, 31790, 31794, 31796, 31798, 
+	31800, 31802, 31804, 31806, 31808, 31851, 31853, 31855, 
+	31857, 31859, 31861, 31863, 31911, 31913, 31915, 31917, 
+	31919, 31921, 31923, 31925, 31927, 31929, 31931, 31933, 
+	31935, 31937, 31939, 31941, 31943, 31945, 31947, 31991, 
+	31993, 31995, 32052, 32054, 32056, 32058, 32060, 32072, 
+	32074, 32076, 32130, 32132, 32134, 32136, 32138, 32140, 
+	32142, 32144, 32146, 32148, 32150, 32157, 32159, 32161, 
+	32163, 32165, 32167, 32169, 32171, 32173, 32227, 32229, 
+	32231, 32233, 32259, 32261, 32263, 32265, 32284, 32286, 
+	32288, 32290, 32292, 32294, 32296, 32301, 32303, 32305, 
+	32307, 32309, 32311, 32313, 32315, 32317, 32319, 32321, 
+	32323, 32331, 32333, 32335, 32396, 32398, 32400, 32457, 
+	32459, 32461, 32463, 32519, 32521, 32533, 32535, 32547, 
+	32549, 32551, 32553, 32555, 32557, 32559, 32561, 32563, 
+	32565, 32567, 32569, 32571, 32573, 32575, 32577, 32598, 
+	32607, 32609, 32611, 32613, 32615, 32617, 32619, 32621, 
+	32623, 32625, 32627, 32629, 32631, 32633, 32635, 32637, 
+	32639, 32641, 32643, 32645, 32655, 32657, 32659, 32661, 
+	32705, 32763, 32765, 32777, 32779, 32781, 32783, 32785, 
+	32826, 32866, 32868, 32870, 32872, 32874, 32876, 32892, 
+	32894, 32896, 32956, 32958, 32960, 32962, 32964, 32984, 
+	33006, 33008, 33066, 33068, 33070, 33128, 33130, 33132, 
+	33148, 33206, 33208, 33210, 33212, 33256, 33258, 33260, 
+	33318, 33320, 33322, 33324, 33368, 33370, 33372, 33417, 
+	33419, 33422, 33424, 33426, 33428, 33430, 33432, 33434, 
+	33436, 33455, 33457, 33459, 33461, 33463, 33465, 33467, 
+	33469, 33471, 33473, 33475, 33477, 33479, 33481, 33483, 
+	33502, 33504, 33549, 33551, 33566, 33568, 33570, 33572, 
+	33574, 33587, 33589, 33591, 33593, 33595, 33597, 33599, 
+	33601, 33603, 33605, 33607, 33609, 33611, 33627, 33685, 
+	33687, 33689, 33691, 33693, 33736, 33738, 33740, 33742, 
+	33744, 33746, 33748, 33750, 33784, 33786, 33788, 33790, 
+	33792, 33794, 33796, 33798, 33800, 33802, 33804, 33822, 
+	33824, 33877, 33879, 33935, 33937, 33939, 33941, 33997, 
+	33999, 34001, 34003, 34019, 34021, 34023, 34025, 34083, 
+	34085, 34087, 34089, 34091, 34093, 34095, 34097, 34099, 
+	34101, 34103, 34105, 34107, 34109, 34111, 34113, 34133, 
+	34135, 34137, 34139, 34141, 34143, 34145, 34147, 34149, 
+	34151, 34153, 34155, 34157, 34159, 34161, 34163, 34165, 
+	34167, 34169, 34237, 34239, 34245, 34247, 34249, 34251, 
+	34253, 34255, 34298, 34300, 34302, 34304, 34306, 34314, 
+	34316, 34318, 34320, 34322, 34324, 34326, 34328, 34330, 
+	34332, 34334, 34336, 34338, 34372, 34374, 34376, 34378, 
+	34380, 34382, 34384, 34402, 34404, 34457, 34459, 34515, 
+	34517, 34519, 34521, 34577, 34579, 34581, 34583, 34599, 
+	34601, 34603, 34650, 34652, 34654, 34656, 34658, 34670, 
+	34672, 34674, 34728, 34730, 34732, 34734, 34736, 34738, 
+	34740, 34742, 34744, 34746, 34770, 34775, 34777, 34779, 
+	34781, 34783, 34785, 34787, 34789, 34791, 34817, 34819, 
+	34821, 34823, 34825, 34827, 34829, 34831, 34833, 34835, 
+	34837, 34839, 34841, 34843, 34845, 34847, 34849, 34851, 
+	34853, 34855, 34867, 34871, 34873, 34925, 34927, 34929, 
+	34931, 34933, 34935, 34937, 34998, 35000, 35002, 35004, 
+	35006, 35019, 35021, 35041, 35043, 35045, 35047, 35049, 
+	35051, 35053, 35055, 35057, 35059, 35061, 35063, 35065, 
+	35085, 35087, 35089, 35091, 35093, 35095, 35097, 35099, 
+	35103, 35105, 35107, 35109, 35111, 35113, 35153, 35155, 
+	35157, 35159, 35161, 35163, 35179, 35181, 35183, 35228, 
+	35230, 35232, 35234, 35236, 35238, 35240, 35294, 35296, 
+	35298, 35300, 35302, 35304, 35306, 35308, 35310, 35312, 
+	35314, 35331, 35333, 35335, 35337, 35358, 35360, 35362, 
+	35364, 35366, 35423, 35425, 35427, 35429, 35431, 35433, 
+	35435, 35437, 35481, 35483, 35485, 35487, 35489, 35491, 
+	35493, 35495, 35539, 35541, 35543, 35545, 35547, 35549, 
+	35551, 35553, 35555, 35557, 35559, 35561, 35563, 35565, 
+	35567, 35569, 35571, 35573, 35575, 35577, 35579, 35581, 
+	35583, 35585, 35587, 35589, 35591, 35593, 35612, 35621, 
+	35623, 35625, 35627, 35629, 35631, 35633, 35635, 35637, 
+	35639, 35647, 35649, 35651, 35653, 35655, 35657, 35659, 
+	35661, 35669, 35671, 35673, 35675, 35677, 35679, 35681, 
+	35683, 35685, 35687, 35689, 35691, 35693, 35695, 35697, 
+	35699, 35701, 35703, 35705, 35707, 35763, 35765, 35767, 
+	35769, 35771, 35773, 35775, 35792, 35794, 35796, 35798, 
+	35800, 35802, 35804, 35808, 35810, 35812, 35814, 35816, 
+	35818, 35836, 35838, 35840, 35842, 35851, 35853, 35855, 
+	35857, 35859, 35861, 35863, 35865, 35867, 35869, 35871, 
+	35882, 35884, 35886, 35888, 35890, 35892, 35894, 35896, 
+	35898, 35900, 35903, 35905, 35913, 35915, 35917, 35919, 
+	35921, 35923, 35942, 35947, 35949, 35951, 35995, 35997, 
+	35999, 36001, 36003, 36005, 36007, 36009, 36011, 36024, 
+	36026, 36028, 36030, 36041, 36043, 36045, 36047, 36049, 
+	36051, 36073, 36075, 36077, 36079, 36081, 36083, 36085, 
+	36087, 36089, 36091, 36093, 36095, 36097, 36099, 36101, 
+	36103, 36105, 36107, 36109, 36111, 36113, 36121, 36123, 
+	36125, 36127, 36129, 36131, 36133, 36135, 36137, 36139, 
+	36141, 36143, 36145, 36147, 36198, 36200, 36202, 36204, 
+	36206, 36208, 36210, 36212, 36214, 36216, 36218, 36220, 
+	36222, 36241, 36246, 36248, 36250, 36294, 36296, 36298, 
+	36300, 36302, 36304, 36306, 36308, 36310, 36312, 36314, 
+	36316, 36318, 36320, 36322, 36338, 36340, 36342, 36344, 
+	36346, 36348, 36350, 36352, 36354, 36399, 36401, 36415, 
+	36417, 36419, 36421, 36423, 36425, 36427, 36429, 36431, 
+	36433, 36435, 36494, 36496, 36498, 36500, 36502, 36504, 
+	36565, 36567, 36569, 36571, 36573, 36575, 36581, 36583, 
+	36585, 36587, 36589, 36606, 36608, 36610, 36612, 36614, 
+	36616, 36618, 36620, 36622, 36624, 36626, 36628, 36630, 
+	36632, 36634, 36636, 36638, 36640, 36642, 36644, 36656, 
+	36658, 36660, 36662, 36664, 36666, 36668, 36670, 36672, 
+	36719, 36721, 36723, 36737, 36739, 36741, 36743, 36745, 
+	36761, 36763, 36765, 36767, 36769, 36771, 36773, 36829, 
+	36831, 36833, 36835, 36837, 36839, 36841, 36843, 36899, 
+	36901, 36913, 36915, 36917, 36919, 36921, 36923, 36925, 
+	36927, 36929, 36931, 36933, 36941, 36943, 36945, 36947, 
+	36949, 36951, 36953, 36955, 36957, 36959, 36961, 36963, 
+	36965, 36967, 36969, 36971, 36986, 37030, 37032, 37034, 
+	37036, 37038, 37040, 37042, 37044, 37046, 37048, 37068, 
+	37070, 37072, 37074, 37076, 37078, 37080, 37082, 37084, 
+	37086, 37088, 37090, 37092, 37108, 37110, 37112, 37114, 
+	37116, 37118, 37120, 37122, 37124, 37126, 37128, 37130, 
+	37132, 37134, 37154, 37156, 37158, 37174, 37176, 37210, 
+	37212, 37214, 37216, 37250, 37252, 37254, 37256, 37258, 
+	37260, 37262, 37264, 37266, 37284, 37286, 37288, 37290, 
+	37292, 37299, 37306, 37308, 37310, 37312, 37314, 37370, 
+	37372, 37374, 37376, 37378, 37380, 37382, 37384, 37386, 
+	37388, 37390, 37392, 37436, 37438, 37440, 37442, 37444, 
+	37446, 37448, 37450, 37472, 37494, 37496, 37498, 37500, 
+	37502, 37504, 37506, 37508, 37510, 37512, 37514, 37516, 
+	37518, 37520, 37554, 37556, 37558, 37560, 37562, 37564, 
+	37566, 37568, 37602, 37604, 37606, 37608, 37610, 37612, 
+	37614, 37616, 37618, 37620, 37622, 37624, 37626, 37644, 
+	37646, 37648, 37650, 37658, 37660, 37662, 37664, 37666, 
+	37668, 37670, 37672, 37674, 37708, 37710, 37712, 37714, 
+	37716, 37718, 37720, 37736, 37738, 37740, 37742, 37744, 
+	37746, 37748, 37754, 37756, 37758, 37760, 37762, 37764, 
+	37766, 37768, 37770, 37772, 37774, 37776, 37778, 37780, 
+	37782, 37784, 37806, 37808, 37814, 37816, 37818, 37820, 
+	37838, 37840, 37842, 37844, 37846, 37848, 37850, 37852, 
+	37854, 37856, 37858, 37860, 37862, 37864, 37866, 37868, 
+	37870, 37882, 37884, 37886, 37888, 37912, 37914, 37916, 
+	37918, 37920, 37922, 37948, 37950, 37952, 37954, 37956, 
+	37958, 37960, 37962, 37964, 37981, 37983, 37985, 37987, 
+	37989, 37991, 37993, 37995, 37997, 37999, 38001, 38003, 
+	38005, 38007, 38009, 38011, 38013, 38015, 38017, 38019, 
+	38021, 38023, 38025, 38027, 38033, 38035, 38037, 38039, 
+	38098, 38100, 38102, 38104, 38106, 38108, 38110, 38112, 
+	38114, 38116, 38118, 38120, 38122, 38124, 38126, 38128, 
+	38130, 38132, 38134, 38136, 38138, 38140, 38142, 38144, 
+	38146, 38148, 38150, 38152, 38154, 38156, 38158, 38160, 
+	38162, 38164, 38166, 38168, 38170, 38172, 38174, 38176, 
+	38178, 38180, 38182, 38184, 38186, 38188, 38190, 38192, 
+	38194, 38238, 38296, 38298, 38300, 38354, 38356, 38358, 
+	38360, 38362, 38364, 38366, 38368, 38370, 38427, 38429, 
+	38431, 38433, 38435, 38437, 38439, 38441, 38498, 38500, 
+	38502, 38504, 38506, 38559, 38561, 38563, 38565, 38567, 
+	38569, 38571, 38573, 38575, 38577, 38628, 38630, 38632, 
+	38634, 38636, 38638, 38640, 38642, 38644, 38646, 38648, 
+	38650, 38652, 38695, 38697, 38699, 38701, 38703, 38705, 
+	38707, 38709
+};
+
+static const short _indicies[] = {
+	0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 4, 5, 
+	1, 1, 6, 7, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 1, 13, 14, 
+	15, 16, 1, 17, 1, 18, 1, 19, 
+	1, 20, 1, 21, 1, 22, 1, 23, 
+	1, 24, 1, 25, 1, 26, 1, 27, 
+	1, 28, 1, 29, 1, 30, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 31, 1, 32, 
+	1, 33, 1, 34, 1, 35, 1, 36, 
+	1, 37, 1, 38, 1, 39, 1, 40, 
+	1, 41, 1, 42, 1, 43, 1, 44, 
+	1, 45, 1, 46, 1, 47, 1, 48, 
+	1, 49, 1, 50, 1, 51, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 52, 1, 
+	53, 1, 54, 1, 55, 1, 56, 1, 
+	57, 1, 58, 1, 59, 1, 60, 1, 
+	61, 1, 62, 1, 63, 1, 64, 1, 
+	65, 1, 66, 1, 67, 1, 68, 1, 
+	69, 1, 70, 1, 71, 1, 72, 1, 
+	73, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	74, 1, 75, 1, 76, 1, 77, 1, 
+	78, 1, 79, 1, 80, 1, 81, 1, 
+	82, 1, 83, 1, 84, 1, 85, 1, 
+	86, 1, 87, 1, 88, 1, 89, 90, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	91, 1, 1, 92, 93, 1, 94, 1, 
+	95, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 96, 
+	1, 97, 1, 98, 1, 99, 1, 100, 
+	1, 101, 1, 102, 1, 103, 1, 104, 
+	105, 1, 106, 1, 107, 1, 108, 1, 
+	109, 1, 110, 1, 111, 1, 112, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 113, 1, 114, 
+	1, 115, 1, 116, 1, 117, 1, 118, 
+	1, 119, 1, 120, 1, 121, 1, 122, 
+	1, 123, 1, 124, 1, 125, 1, 126, 
+	1, 127, 1, 128, 1, 129, 1, 130, 
+	1, 131, 1, 132, 1, 133, 1, 134, 
+	1, 135, 1, 136, 1, 137, 1, 138, 
+	1, 139, 1, 140, 1, 141, 1, 142, 
+	1, 143, 1, 144, 1, 145, 1, 146, 
+	1, 147, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	148, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 149, 1, 150, 151, 152, 153, 
+	1, 154, 155, 1, 1, 156, 1, 1, 
+	157, 1, 1, 158, 159, 1, 160, 1, 
+	161, 1, 162, 1, 163, 1, 164, 1, 
+	165, 1, 166, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 167, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	168, 1, 169, 1, 170, 1, 171, 1, 
+	172, 1, 173, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	174, 1, 175, 1, 176, 1, 177, 1, 
+	178, 1, 179, 1, 180, 1, 181, 1, 
+	182, 1, 183, 1, 184, 1, 185, 1, 
+	186, 1, 187, 1, 188, 1, 189, 1, 
+	190, 1, 191, 1, 192, 1, 193, 1, 
+	194, 1, 195, 1, 196, 1, 197, 1, 
+	1, 1, 198, 1, 1, 1, 199, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 200, 1, 201, 1, 
+	202, 1, 203, 1, 204, 1, 205, 1, 
+	206, 1, 207, 1, 208, 1, 209, 1, 
+	210, 1, 211, 1, 212, 1, 213, 1, 
+	214, 1, 215, 1, 216, 1, 217, 1, 
+	218, 1, 219, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 220, 1, 221, 1, 
+	222, 1, 223, 1, 224, 1, 225, 1, 
+	226, 1, 227, 1, 228, 1, 229, 1, 
+	230, 1, 231, 1, 232, 1, 233, 1, 
+	234, 1, 235, 1, 236, 1, 237, 1, 
+	238, 1, 239, 1, 240, 1, 241, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 242, 
+	1, 1, 243, 1, 1, 1, 244, 1, 
+	245, 1, 246, 1, 247, 1, 248, 1, 
+	249, 1, 250, 1, 251, 1, 252, 1, 
+	253, 1, 254, 1, 255, 1, 256, 1, 
+	257, 1, 258, 1, 259, 1, 260, 1, 
+	261, 1, 262, 1, 263, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 264, 1, 265, 1, 
+	266, 1, 267, 1, 268, 1, 269, 1, 
+	270, 1, 271, 1, 272, 1, 273, 1, 
+	274, 1, 275, 1, 276, 1, 277, 1, 
+	278, 1, 279, 1, 280, 1, 281, 1, 
+	282, 1, 283, 1, 284, 1, 285, 1, 
+	286, 1, 287, 1, 288, 1, 289, 1, 
+	290, 1, 291, 1, 292, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 293, 1, 294, 1, 295, 1, 296, 
+	1, 297, 1, 298, 1, 299, 1, 300, 
+	1, 301, 1, 302, 1, 303, 1, 304, 
+	1, 305, 1, 306, 1, 307, 1, 308, 
+	1, 309, 1, 310, 1, 311, 1, 312, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 313, 1, 314, 1, 
+	315, 1, 316, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 317, 1, 318, 1, 
+	319, 1, 320, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 321, 1, 322, 
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+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 9257, 1, 9258, 9259, 
+	9260, 9261, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 9262, 
+	1, 9263, 9264, 9265, 1, 9266, 9267, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 9268, 1, 9269, 
+	1, 9270, 1, 9271, 1, 9272, 1, 9273, 
+	1, 9274, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 9275, 1, 9276, 1, 
+	9277, 1, 9278, 1, 9279, 1, 9280, 1, 
+	9281, 1, 1, 1, 9282, 1, 9283, 1, 
+	9284, 1, 9285, 1, 9286, 1, 9287, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 9288, 1, 1, 9289, 
+	1, 9290, 1, 9291, 9292, 9293, 1, 9294, 
+	1, 9295, 1, 9296, 1, 9297, 1, 9298, 
+	1, 9299, 1, 9300, 1, 9301, 1, 9302, 
+	1, 9303, 1, 9304, 1, 9305, 1, 9306, 
+	1, 9307, 1, 9308, 1, 9309, 1, 9310, 
+	1, 9311, 1, 9312, 1, 9313, 9314, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 9315, 
+	1, 9316, 1, 9317, 1, 9318, 1, 9319, 
+	1, 9320, 1, 9321, 1, 9322, 1, 9323, 
+	1, 9324, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 9325, 1, 
+	9326, 1, 9327, 1, 9328, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	9329, 1, 9330, 1, 9331, 1, 9332, 1, 
+	9333, 1, 9334, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	9335, 1, 9336, 1, 9337, 1, 9338, 1, 
+	9339, 1, 9340, 1, 9341, 1, 9342, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 9343, 1, 9344, 1, 
+	9345, 1, 9346, 1, 9347, 1, 9348, 1, 
+	9349, 1, 9350, 1, 9351, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 9352, 1, 9353, 1, 9354, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	9355, 1, 9356, 1, 9357, 1, 9358, 1, 
+	9359, 1, 9360, 1, 9361, 1, 9362, 1, 
+	9363, 1, 9364, 1, 9365, 1, 9366, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 9367, 1, 9368, 1, 
+	9369, 1, 9370, 1, 9371, 1, 9372, 1, 
+	9373, 1, 9374, 1, 9375, 1, 9376, 1, 
+	9377, 1, 9378, 1, 9379, 1, 9380, 1, 
+	9381, 1, 9382, 1, 9383, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 9384, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 9385, 1, 9386, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 9387, 1, 1, 9388, 1, 9389, 
+	1, 9390, 1, 9391, 1, 9392, 1, 9393, 
+	1, 9394, 1, 9395, 1, 9396, 1, 9397, 
+	1, 9398, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 9399, 1, 9400, 1, 9401, 
+	1, 9402, 1, 9403, 1, 9404, 1, 9405, 
+	1, 9406, 1, 9407, 1, 9408, 1, 9409, 
+	1, 9410, 1, 9411, 1, 9412, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 9413, 1, 9414, 1, 9415, 
+	1, 9416, 1, 9417, 1, 9418, 1, 9419, 
+	1, 9420, 1, 9421, 1, 9422, 1, 9423, 
+	1, 9424, 1, 9425, 1, 9426, 1, 9427, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 9428, 1, 9429, 1, 9430, 1, 9431, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 9432, 1, 9433, 
+	1, 9434, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 9435, 1, 9436, 1, 9437, 1, 9438, 
+	1, 9439, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 9440, 1, 9441, 1, 9442, 1, 9443, 
+	1, 9444, 1, 9445, 1, 9446, 1, 9447, 
+	1, 9448, 1, 9449, 1, 9450, 9451, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 9452, 
+	9453, 1, 9454, 9455, 1, 9456, 1, 9457, 
+	1, 9458, 1, 9459, 1, 9460, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 9461, 1, 9462, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 9463, 1, 9464, 1, 9465, 1, 9466, 
+	1, 9467, 1, 9468, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 9469, 1, 9470, 1, 9471, 1, 9472, 
+	1, 9473, 1, 9474, 1, 9475, 1, 9476, 
+	1, 9477, 1, 9478, 1, 9479, 1, 9480, 
+	1, 9481, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 9482, 1, 9483, 1, 9484, 
+	1, 9485, 1, 9486, 1, 9487, 1, 9488, 
+	1, 9489, 1, 9490, 9491, 1, 9492, 1, 
+	9493, 9494, 1, 1, 9495, 9496, 9497, 9498, 
+	1, 1, 9499, 9500, 1, 9501, 9502, 9503, 
+	1, 9504, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 9505, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 9506, 1, 9507, 
+	1, 9508, 1, 9509, 1, 9510, 1, 9511, 
+	1, 9512, 1, 9513, 1, 9514, 1, 9515, 
+	1, 9516, 1, 9517, 1, 9518, 1, 9519, 
+	1, 9520, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 9521, 1, 9522, 1, 9523, 1, 9524, 
+	1, 9525, 1, 9526, 1, 9527, 1, 9528, 
+	1, 9529, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 9530, 1, 9531, 1, 9532, 1, 9533, 
+	1, 9534, 1, 9535, 1, 9536, 1, 9537, 
+	1, 9538, 1, 9539, 1, 9540, 1, 9541, 
+	1, 9542, 1, 9543, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 9544, 
+	1, 1, 1, 9545, 1, 9546, 1, 9547, 
+	1, 9548, 1, 9549, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 9550, 1, 9551, 1, 9552, 1, 9553, 
+	1, 9554, 1, 9555, 1, 9556, 1, 9557, 
+	1, 9558, 1, 9559, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 9560, 1, 9561, 1, 9562, 
+	1, 9563, 1, 9564, 1, 9565, 1, 9566, 
+	1, 9567, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 9568, 
+	1, 9569, 1, 9570, 1, 9571, 1, 9572, 
+	1, 9573, 1, 9574, 1, 9575, 1, 1, 
+	1, 9576, 1, 9577, 1, 9578, 1, 9579, 
+	1, 9580, 1, 9581, 1, 9582, 1, 9583, 
+	1, 9584, 1, 9585, 1, 9586, 1, 9587, 
+	1, 9588, 1, 9589, 1, 9590, 1, 9591, 
+	1, 9592, 1, 9593, 1, 9594, 9595, 1, 
+	1, 9596, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 9597, 
+	1, 1, 1, 9598, 1, 9599, 1, 9600, 
+	1, 9601, 1, 1, 1, 9602, 1, 9603, 
+	1, 9604, 1, 9605, 1, 9606, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 9607, 1, 9608, 
+	1, 9609, 1, 9610, 1, 9611, 1, 9612, 
+	1, 9613, 1, 9614, 1, 9615, 1, 9616, 
+	1, 9617, 1, 9618, 1, 9619, 1, 9620, 
+	1, 9621, 1, 9622, 1, 9623, 1, 9624, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 9625, 1, 9626, 1, 9627, 1, 9628, 
+	1, 9629, 1, 9630, 9631, 9632, 9633, 1, 
+	9634, 9635, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 9636, 
+	1, 1, 1, 9637, 1, 1, 1, 9638, 
+	1, 9639, 1, 9640, 1, 9641, 1, 9642, 
+	1, 9643, 1, 9644, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 9645, 1, 9646, 1, 9647, 
+	1, 9648, 1, 9649, 1, 9650, 1, 9651, 
+	1, 9652, 1, 9653, 1, 9654, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 9655, 1, 9656, 1, 
+	9657, 1, 9658, 1, 9659, 1, 9660, 1, 
+	9661, 1, 9662, 1, 9663, 1, 9664, 1, 
+	9665, 1, 9666, 1, 9667, 1, 9668, 1, 
+	9669, 1, 9670, 1, 9671, 1, 9672, 1, 
+	9673, 1, 9674, 1, 9675, 1, 9676, 1, 
+	9677, 1, 9678, 1, 9679, 1, 1, 1, 
+	9680, 1, 9681, 1, 9682, 1, 9683, 1, 
+	9684, 9685, 9686, 9687, 9688, 9689, 9690, 9691, 
+	9692, 9693, 9694, 9695, 9696, 9697, 9698, 9699, 
+	9700, 9701, 9702, 9703, 9704, 9705, 9706, 9707, 
+	9708, 9709, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 
+	9710, 9711, 9712, 9713, 9714, 9715, 9716, 9717, 
+	9718, 9719, 9720, 9721, 9722, 9723, 9724, 9725, 
+	9726, 9727, 9728, 9729, 9730, 9731, 9732, 9733, 
+	9734, 9735, 1, 9737, 9736, 9739, 9738, 9741, 
+	9740, 9743, 9742, 9745, 9744, 9747, 9746, 9749, 
+	9748, 9751, 9750, 9753, 9752, 9755, 9754, 9757, 
+	9756, 9759, 9758, 9761, 9760, 9763, 9762, 9765, 
+	9764, 9767, 9766, 9769, 9768, 9771, 9770, 9773, 
+	9772, 9775, 9774, 9777, 9776, 9779, 9778, 9781, 
+	9780, 9783, 9782, 9785, 9784, 9787, 9786, 9789, 
+	9788, 9791, 9790, 9793, 9792, 9795, 9794, 9797, 
+	9796, 9799, 9798, 9801, 9800, 9803, 9802, 9805, 
+	9804, 9807, 9806, 9809, 9808, 9811, 9810, 9813, 
+	9812, 9815, 9814, 9817, 9816, 9819, 9818, 9821, 
+	9820, 9823, 9822, 9825, 9824, 9827, 9826, 9829, 
+	9828, 9831, 9830, 9833, 9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 
+	9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 
+	9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 
+	9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 
+	9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 
+	9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 9832, 9834, 9832, 9836, 
+	9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 
+	9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 
+	9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 
+	9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 
+	9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 
+	9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 
+	9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9835, 9837, 
+	9835, 9839, 9838, 9841, 9840, 9843, 9842, 9842, 
+	9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 
+	9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 
+	9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 
+	9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 
+	9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 
+	9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 9842, 
+	9842, 9844, 9842, 9846, 9845, 9848, 9847, 9850, 
+	9849, 9852, 9851, 9854, 9853, 9856, 9855, 9858, 
+	9857, 9860, 9859, 9862, 9861, 9861, 9861, 9861, 
+	9861, 9861, 9861, 9861, 9861, 9861, 9861, 9861, 
+	9861, 9861, 9861, 9861, 9861, 9861, 9861, 9861, 
+	9861, 9861, 9861, 9861, 9861, 9861, 9861, 9861, 
+	9861, 9861, 9861, 9861, 9861, 9861, 9861, 9861, 
+	9861, 9861, 9861, 9863, 9864, 9861, 9861, 9861, 
+	9861, 9861, 9861, 9861, 9865, 9861, 9861, 9861, 
+	9861, 9866, 9867, 9861, 9869, 9868, 9871, 9870, 
+	9873, 9872, 9875, 9874, 9877, 9876, 9879, 9878, 
+	9881, 9880, 9883, 9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 
+	9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 
+	9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 
+	9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 
+	9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 
+	9882, 9882, 9884, 9885, 9882, 9882, 9882, 9886, 
+	9887, 9882, 9882, 9888, 9882, 9882, 9882, 9882, 
+	9889, 9890, 9882, 9892, 9891, 9894, 9893, 9896, 
+	9895, 9898, 9897, 9900, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 
+	9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 
+	9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 
+	9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 
+	9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 
+	9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 
+	9899, 9901, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9899, 9902, 9899, 
+	9904, 9903, 9906, 9905, 9908, 9907, 9910, 9909, 
+	9912, 9911, 9914, 9913, 9916, 9915, 9918, 9917, 
+	9920, 9919, 9922, 9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 
+	9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 
+	9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 
+	9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 
+	9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 
+	9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 9921, 
+	9921, 9921, 9921, 9923, 9921, 9925, 9924, 9927, 
+	9926, 9929, 9928, 9931, 9930, 9933, 9932, 9935, 
+	9934, 9937, 9936, 9939, 9938, 9941, 9940, 9943, 
+	9942, 9945, 9944, 9947, 9946, 9949, 9948, 9948, 
+	9948, 9948, 9948, 9948, 9948, 9948, 9948, 9948, 
+	9948, 9948, 9948, 9948, 9948, 9948, 9948, 9948, 
+	9948, 9948, 9948, 9948, 9948, 9948, 9948, 9948, 
+	9948, 9948, 9948, 9948, 9948, 9948, 9948, 9948, 
+	9948, 9948, 9948, 9948, 9950, 9948, 9951, 9948, 
+	9953, 9952, 9955, 9954, 9957, 9956, 9959, 9958, 
+	9961, 9960, 9963, 9962, 9965, 9964, 9967, 9966, 
+	0
+};
+
+static const short _trans_targs[] = {
+	2, 0, 5, 6, 10, 15, 19, 21, 
+	25, 29, 33, 35, 41, 53, 56, 63, 
+	67, 3, 4, 7624, 7625, 7, 8, 9, 
+	7626, 11, 12, 13, 14, 7623, 16, 18, 
+	17, 7627, 7623, 20, 7623, 22, 23, 24, 
+	7628, 26, 27, 28, 7623, 30, 31, 32, 
+	7623, 34, 7623, 36, 39, 37, 38, 7623, 
+	40, 7623, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 
+	48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 7623, 54, 55, 
+	7629, 57, 59, 58, 7623, 60, 61, 62, 
+	7623, 64, 65, 66, 7630, 68, 7631, 70, 
+	83, 85, 101, 103, 106, 110, 113, 71, 
+	78, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 7623, 
+	79, 80, 7623, 81, 82, 7623, 84, 7623, 
+	86, 91, 99, 87, 88, 89, 90, 7623, 
+	92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 7623, 
+	100, 7623, 102, 7623, 104, 105, 7623, 107, 
+	108, 109, 7623, 111, 112, 7623, 114, 115, 
+	116, 117, 7623, 119, 122, 124, 152, 168, 
+	171, 184, 186, 188, 210, 256, 320, 324, 
+	327, 120, 121, 7623, 123, 7632, 125, 129, 
+	147, 126, 127, 128, 7623, 7623, 130, 131, 
+	132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 
+	140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 7623, 
+	148, 149, 150, 151, 7623, 153, 157, 160, 
+	163, 154, 155, 156, 7623, 158, 159, 7633, 
+	161, 162, 7623, 164, 165, 166, 167, 7623, 
+	169, 170, 7623, 172, 177, 173, 174, 175, 
+	176, 7623, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 
+	7623, 185, 7623, 187, 7623, 189, 190, 191, 
+	192, 193, 196, 201, 205, 194, 195, 7623, 
+	197, 198, 199, 200, 7623, 202, 203, 204, 
+	7623, 206, 207, 208, 209, 7623, 211, 212, 
+	233, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 
+	220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 
+	228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 7623, 234, 235, 
+	236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 251, 241, 242, 
+	243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 
+	7623, 252, 253, 254, 255, 7623, 257, 261, 
+	283, 291, 258, 259, 7623, 260, 7623, 262, 
+	268, 271, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 7623, 
+	269, 270, 7623, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 
+	277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 7623, 284, 
+	285, 7623, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290, 7623, 
+	292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 
+	300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 
+	308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 
+	316, 317, 318, 319, 7623, 321, 322, 323, 
+	7623, 325, 326, 7623, 328, 7623, 329, 330, 
+	331, 7623, 333, 340, 343, 346, 349, 359, 
+	365, 369, 371, 423, 649, 7623, 334, 335, 
+	336, 337, 338, 339, 7623, 341, 342, 7623, 
+	344, 345, 7623, 347, 348, 7623, 350, 354, 
+	356, 351, 352, 353, 7623, 355, 7623, 357, 
+	358, 7623, 360, 364, 361, 362, 363, 7623, 
+	7623, 366, 7623, 367, 368, 7623, 370, 7623, 
+	372, 412, 373, 408, 374, 375, 376, 377, 
+	378, 379, 380, 381, 386, 398, 403, 382, 
+	383, 384, 385, 7623, 387, 388, 389, 7623, 
+	390, 391, 392, 393, 394, 395, 396, 397, 
+	7623, 399, 400, 401, 402, 7623, 404, 405, 
+	406, 407, 7623, 409, 410, 411, 7623, 413, 
+	414, 415, 416, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421, 
+	422, 7623, 424, 426, 435, 558, 425, 7623, 
+	7623, 427, 430, 428, 429, 7623, 431, 432, 
+	433, 434, 7623, 436, 437, 438, 439, 454, 
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+	7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 
+	7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 
+	7623, 7623, 7623, 5995, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 
+	7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 
+	7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 
+	7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7005, 7008, 
+	7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 
+	7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623, 7623
+};
+
+static const short _trans_actions[] = {
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 
+	5, 0, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 
+	0, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 10, 0, 0, 0, 
+	11, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 12, 
+	0, 0, 13, 0, 0, 14, 0, 15, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 16, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 17, 
+	0, 18, 0, 19, 0, 0, 20, 0, 
+	0, 0, 21, 0, 0, 22, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 23, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 24, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 25, 26, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 27, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 28, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 29, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 30, 0, 0, 0, 0, 31, 
+	0, 0, 32, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 33, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	34, 0, 35, 0, 36, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 37, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 38, 0, 0, 0, 
+	39, 0, 0, 0, 0, 40, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 41, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	42, 0, 0, 0, 0, 43, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 44, 0, 45, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 46, 
+	0, 0, 47, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 48, 0, 
+	0, 49, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 50, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 51, 0, 0, 0, 
+	52, 0, 0, 53, 0, 54, 0, 0, 
+	0, 55, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 56, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 57, 0, 0, 58, 
+	0, 0, 59, 0, 0, 60, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 61, 0, 62, 0, 
+	0, 63, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 64, 
+	65, 0, 66, 0, 0, 67, 0, 68, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 69, 0, 0, 0, 70, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	71, 0, 0, 0, 0, 72, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 73, 0, 0, 0, 74, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 75, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 76, 
+	77, 0, 0, 0, 0, 78, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 79, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 80, 0, 0, 0, 81, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 82, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 83, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 84, 0, 0, 85, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 86, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 87, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	88, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 89, 0, 0, 90, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 91, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 92, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 93, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 94, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 95, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 96, 0, 0, 0, 0, 97, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	98, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 99, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 100, 
+	0, 0, 0, 101, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 102, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	103, 0, 0, 0, 104, 0, 0, 105, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 106, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 107, 0, 0, 0, 108, 0, 
+	0, 0, 109, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 110, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	111, 0, 0, 112, 0, 0, 113, 0, 
+	114, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 115, 0, 0, 0, 0, 116, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 117, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 118, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 119, 0, 120, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 121, 0, 0, 0, 0, 122, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 123, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 124, 0, 0, 
+	0, 125, 0, 126, 0, 127, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 128, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 129, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 130, 0, 
+	131, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 132, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	133, 0, 0, 0, 0, 134, 0, 0, 
+	0, 135, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 136, 0, 0, 137, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 138, 0, 0, 0, 139, 
+	0, 140, 0, 0, 0, 0, 141, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 142, 0, 0, 
+	143, 144, 0, 0, 145, 0, 146, 147, 
+	0, 0, 148, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 149, 0, 0, 0, 0, 150, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	151, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 152, 
+	0, 0, 0, 153, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 154, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 155, 0, 0, 156, 157, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 158, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	159, 160, 0, 0, 0, 161, 0, 162, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 163, 0, 0, 0, 164, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 165, 0, 0, 0, 166, 0, 
+	0, 0, 167, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 168, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 169, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 170, 0, 0, 0, 
+	171, 0, 0, 172, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 173, 0, 0, 174, 
+	0, 175, 0, 0, 0, 0, 176, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 177, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 178, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	179, 0, 0, 180, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 181, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 182, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 183, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 184, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 185, 0, 186, 0, 187, 0, 
+	0, 188, 0, 0, 0, 0, 189, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 190, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 191, 192, 
+	0, 193, 0, 0, 194, 0, 0, 0, 
+	195, 0, 0, 0, 196, 0, 0, 0, 
+	197, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 198, 0, 0, 199, 0, 0, 
+	0, 200, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 201, 
+	202, 0, 203, 0, 0, 204, 0, 0, 
+	205, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 206, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 207, 
+	0, 0, 0, 208, 0, 209, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 210, 0, 211, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 212, 0, 
+	0, 0, 213, 214, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 215, 0, 0, 
+	0, 216, 0, 0, 0, 0, 217, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	218, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 219, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 220, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 221, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 222, 
+	0, 0, 0, 223, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	224, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 225, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 226, 0, 0, 0, 227, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 228, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 229, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 230, 0, 0, 0, 0, 231, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 232, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 233, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 234, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	235, 0, 0, 0, 236, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 237, 0, 0, 0, 238, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 239, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 240, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	241, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 242, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	243, 0, 0, 0, 244, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 246, 0, 247, 248, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 249, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 250, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 251, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	252, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 253, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 254, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 255, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	256, 0, 257, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 258, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 259, 0, 0, 0, 0, 260, 261, 
+	0, 0, 0, 262, 263, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 264, 0, 
+	265, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 266, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 267, 0, 268, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 269, 0, 0, 270, 
+	0, 0, 271, 272, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 273, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 274, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 275, 0, 0, 0, 276, 
+	277, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 278, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 279, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 280, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 281, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 282, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 283, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 284, 0, 285, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 286, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 287, 0, 288, 
+	289, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 290, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 291, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 292, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 293, 0, 0, 
+	0, 294, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 295, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 296, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 297, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 298, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 299, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 300, 0, 
+	0, 0, 301, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 302, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 303, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 304, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 305, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	306, 0, 0, 0, 0, 307, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 308, 0, 309, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 310, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 311, 0, 0, 
+	0, 312, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 313, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	314, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 315, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 316, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 317, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 318, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 319, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 320, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 321, 0, 0, 0, 0, 322, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 323, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 324, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 325, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 326, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 327, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 328, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	329, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 330, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 331, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	332, 0, 0, 0, 0, 333, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 334, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 335, 0, 0, 0, 0, 336, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 337, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 338, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 339, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 340, 
+	0, 0, 341, 0, 0, 0, 0, 342, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 343, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 344, 0, 0, 0, 0, 345, 
+	0, 346, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 347, 0, 0, 348, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 349, 0, 0, 350, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 351, 0, 0, 0, 0, 352, 
+	353, 0, 0, 0, 354, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 355, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 356, 0, 0, 0, 0, 357, 0, 
+	0, 358, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 359, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 360, 0, 361, 0, 
+	362, 0, 363, 364, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 365, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	366, 0, 367, 368, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 369, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 370, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 371, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 372, 0, 0, 373, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 374, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 375, 0, 0, 376, 0, 
+	0, 0, 377, 378, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 379, 0, 0, 380, 0, 
+	0, 381, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 382, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 383, 0, 384, 0, 385, 0, 0, 
+	386, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 387, 
+	0, 0, 0, 388, 389, 390, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 391, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 392, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 393, 0, 394, 0, 395, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 396, 
+	0, 0, 0, 397, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	398, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 399, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	400, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 401, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 402, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	403, 0, 0, 0, 404, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 405, 0, 0, 0, 406, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 407, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 408, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 409, 0, 0, 0, 0, 410, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 411, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 412, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 413, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	414, 0, 0, 0, 415, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 416, 0, 0, 0, 417, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 418, 0, 0, 0, 419, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 420, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 421, 0, 0, 0, 422, 
+	423, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 424, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 425, 0, 426, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 427, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 428, 429, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 430, 0, 0, 0, 431, 0, 
+	0, 432, 433, 0, 434, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 435, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 436, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 437, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 438, 0, 
+	0, 0, 439, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 440, 0, 0, 441, 
+	0, 0, 0, 442, 0, 0, 0, 443, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 444, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 445, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 446, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 447, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 448, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 449, 0, 0, 450, 
+	0, 0, 451, 0, 0, 0, 0, 452, 
+	0, 0, 0, 453, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 454, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	455, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	456, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 457, 0, 0, 0, 0, 458, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 459, 460, 461, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 462, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 463, 0, 0, 464, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
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+	0, 0, 0, 0, 1918, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 1919, 0, 0, 1920, 
+	0, 0, 1921, 0, 0, 1922, 0, 0, 
+	1923, 0, 0, 1924, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 1925, 0, 0, 0, 1926, 0, 1927, 
+	0, 1928, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1929, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1930, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1931, 
+	0, 0, 1932, 0, 1933, 0, 0, 0, 
+	1934, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1935, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 1936, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 1937, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	1938, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1939, 1940, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 1941, 1942, 0, 0, 1943, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1944, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1945, 0, 
+	1946, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1947, 
+	0, 1948, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1949, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 1950, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	1951, 0, 1952, 0, 0, 0, 1953, 0, 
+	0, 0, 1954, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1955, 
+	0, 1956, 0, 0, 0, 1957, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 1958, 1959, 0, 1960, 0, 0, 
+	0, 1961, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1962, 1963, 
+	0, 0, 1964, 0, 0, 0, 1965, 0, 
+	0, 0, 1966, 0, 0, 0, 1967, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 1968, 1969, 0, 0, 
+	0, 1970, 1971, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	1972, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 1973, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 1974, 0, 1975, 0, 1976, 0, 
+	0, 0, 1977, 0, 1978, 0, 0, 1979, 
+	1980, 1981, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1982, 0, 
+	0, 1983, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 1984, 0, 0, 1985, 
+	0, 1986, 0, 0, 0, 1987, 0, 1988, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 1989, 0, 0, 1990, 
+	1991, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1992, 0, 0, 
+	1993, 0, 0, 1994, 0, 0, 1995, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 1996, 0, 0, 1997, 
+	0, 0, 1998, 0, 0, 0, 1999, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 2000, 0, 0, 2001, 0, 
+	0, 0, 2002, 0, 0, 0, 2003, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 2004, 0, 0, 2005, 
+	0, 0, 2006, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2007, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2008, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 2009, 2010, 0, 0, 2011, 0, 
+	0, 2012, 0, 0, 2013, 0, 0, 2014, 
+	0, 0, 0, 2015, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 2016, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 2017, 2018, 0, 0, 2019, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 2020, 0, 2021, 0, 2022, 
+	0, 0, 2023, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	2024, 0, 0, 2025, 0, 0, 2026, 0, 
+	0, 2027, 0, 2028, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	2031, 2032, 2033, 2034, 2035, 2036, 2037, 2038, 
+	2039, 2040, 2041, 2042, 2043, 2044, 2045, 2046, 
+	2047, 2048, 2049, 2050, 2051, 2052, 2053, 2054, 
+	2055, 2056, 2057, 2058, 2059, 2060, 2061, 2062, 
+	2063, 2064, 2065, 2066, 2067, 2068, 2069, 2070, 
+	2071, 2072, 2073, 2074, 2075, 2076, 2077, 2078, 
+	2079, 2080, 2081, 2082, 2083, 2084, 2085, 2086, 
+	2087, 2088, 2089, 2090, 2091, 2092, 2093, 2094, 
+	2095, 2096, 2097, 2098, 2099, 2100, 2101, 2102, 
+	2103, 2104, 2105, 2106, 2107, 2108, 2109, 2110, 
+	2111, 2112, 2113, 2114, 2115, 2116, 2117, 2118, 
+	2119, 2120, 2121, 2122, 2123, 2124, 2125, 2126, 
+	2127, 2128, 0, 2129, 2130, 0, 2131, 2132, 
+	2133, 2134, 2135, 2136, 0, 2137, 2138, 2139, 
+	2140, 2141, 2142, 2143, 2144, 2145, 2146, 2147, 
+	2148, 2149, 2150, 2151, 2152, 2153, 2154, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 2155, 2156, 2157, 2158, 
+	2159, 2160, 2161, 2162, 2163, 2164, 2165, 2166, 
+	2167, 2168, 2169, 2170, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 2171, 2172, 2173, 2174, 2175, 
+	2176, 2177, 2178, 2179, 2180, 0, 0, 2181, 
+	2182, 2183, 2184, 2185, 2186, 2187, 2188, 2189, 
+	2190, 2191, 2192, 2193, 2194, 2195, 2196, 2197, 
+	2198, 2199, 2200, 0, 2201, 2202, 2203, 2204, 
+	2205, 2206, 2207, 2208, 2209, 2210, 2211, 2212, 
+	2213, 2214, 2215, 2216, 2217, 2218, 2219, 2220, 
+	2221, 2222, 2223, 2224, 2225, 2226, 0, 0, 
+	2227, 2228, 2229, 2230, 2231, 2232, 2233, 2234, 
+	2235, 2236, 2237, 2238, 2239, 2240, 2241, 2242
+};
+
+static const short _to_state_actions[] = {
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
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+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2029, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0
+};
+
+static const short _from_state_actions[] = {
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
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+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0
+};
+
+static const short _eof_trans[] = {
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
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+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 8898, 8898, 8898, 
+	8898, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
+	9737, 9739, 9741, 9743, 9745, 9747, 9749, 9751, 
+	9753, 9755, 9757, 9759, 9761, 9763, 9765, 9767, 
+	9769, 9771, 9773, 9775, 9777, 9779, 9781, 9783, 
+	9785, 9787, 9789, 9791, 9793, 9795, 9797, 9799, 
+	9801, 9803, 9805, 9807, 9809, 9811, 9813, 9815, 
+	9817, 9819, 9821, 9823, 9825, 9827, 9829, 9831, 
+	9833, 9836, 9839, 9841, 9843, 9846, 9848, 9850, 
+	9852, 9854, 9856, 9858, 9860, 9862, 9869, 9871, 
+	9873, 9875, 9877, 9879, 9881, 9883, 9892, 9894, 
+	9896, 9898, 9900, 9904, 9906, 9908, 9910, 9912, 
+	9914, 9916, 9918, 9920, 9922, 9925, 9927, 9929, 
+	9931, 9933, 9935, 9937, 9939, 9941, 9943, 9945, 
+	9947, 9949, 9953, 9955, 9957, 9959, 9961, 9963, 
+	9965, 9967
+};
+
+static const int start = 7623;
+
+
+#line 2133 "src/char_ref.rl"
+
+
+size_t match_named_char_ref (
+  const char *str,
+  size_t size,
+  int output[2]
+) {
+  int cs;
+  int act;
+  const char *p = str;
+  const char *pe = str + size;
+  const char *const eof = pe;
+  const char *ts;
+  const char *te;
+  output[0] = output[1] = kGumboNoChar;
+  
+#line 13189 "src/char_ref.c"
+	{
+	cs = start;
+	ts = 0;
+	te = 0;
+	act = 0;
+	}
+
+#line 2149 "src/char_ref.rl"
+  
+#line 13199 "src/char_ref.c"
+	{
+	int _slen;
+	int _trans;
+	const char *_keys;
+	const short *_inds;
+	if ( p == pe )
+		goto _test_eof;
+	if ( cs == 0 )
+		goto _out;
+_resume:
+	switch ( _from_state_actions[cs] ) {
+	case 2030:
+#line 1 "NONE"
+	{ts = p;}
+	break;
+#line 13215 "src/char_ref.c"
+	}
+
+	_keys = _trans_keys + (cs<<1);
+	_inds = _indicies + _index_offsets[cs];
+
+	_slen = _key_spans[cs];
+	_trans = _inds[ _slen > 0 && _keys[0] <=(*p) &&
+		(*p) <= _keys[1] ?
+		(*p) - _keys[0] : _slen ];
+
+_eof_trans:
+	cs = _trans_targs[_trans];
+
+	if ( _trans_actions[_trans] == 0 )
+		goto _again;
+
+	switch ( _trans_actions[_trans] ) {
+	case 745:
+#line 1 "NONE"
+	{te = p+1;}
+	break;
+	case 2032:
+#line 6 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xc6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2034:
+#line 7 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x26; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2036:
+#line 8 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xc1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1:
+#line 9 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x102; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2038:
+#line 10 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xc2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2:
+#line 11 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x410; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 3:
+#line 12 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d504; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2040:
+#line 13 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xc0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 4:
+#line 14 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x391; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 5:
+#line 15 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x100; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 6:
+#line 16 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a53; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 7:
+#line 17 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x104; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 8:
+#line 18 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d538; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 9:
+#line 19 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2061; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2042:
+#line 20 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xc5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 10:
+#line 21 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d49c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 11:
+#line 22 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2254; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2044:
+#line 23 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xc3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2046:
+#line 24 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xc4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 12:
+#line 25 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2216; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 13:
+#line 26 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ae7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 14:
+#line 27 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2306; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 15:
+#line 28 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x411; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 16:
+#line 29 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2235; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 17:
+#line 30 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x212c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 18:
+#line 31 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x392; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 19:
+#line 32 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d505; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 20:
+#line 33 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d539; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 21:
+#line 34 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2d8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 22:
+#line 35 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x212c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 23:
+#line 36 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x224e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 24:
+#line 37 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x427; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2048:
+#line 38 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xa9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 25:
+#line 39 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x106; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 26:
+#line 40 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 27:
+#line 41 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2145; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 28:
+#line 42 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x212d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 29:
+#line 43 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x10c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2050:
+#line 44 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xc7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 30:
+#line 45 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x108; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 31:
+#line 46 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2230; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 32:
+#line 47 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x10a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 33:
+#line 48 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xb8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 34:
+#line 49 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xb7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 35:
+#line 50 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x212d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 36:
+#line 51 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3a7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 37:
+#line 52 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2299; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 38:
+#line 53 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2296; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 39:
+#line 54 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2295; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 40:
+#line 55 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2297; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 41:
+#line 56 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2232; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 42:
+#line 57 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x201d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 43:
+#line 58 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2019; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 44:
+#line 59 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2237; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 45:
+#line 60 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a74; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 46:
+#line 61 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2261; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 47:
+#line 62 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x222f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 48:
+#line 63 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x222e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 49:
+#line 64 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2102; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 50:
+#line 65 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2210; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 51:
+#line 66 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2233; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 52:
+#line 67 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a2f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 53:
+#line 68 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d49e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 54:
+#line 69 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22d3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 55:
+#line 70 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x224d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 56:
+#line 71 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2145; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 57:
+#line 72 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2911; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 58:
+#line 73 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x402; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 59:
+#line 74 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x405; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 60:
+#line 75 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x40f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 61:
+#line 76 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2021; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 62:
+#line 77 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21a1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 63:
+#line 78 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ae4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 64:
+#line 79 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x10e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 65:
+#line 80 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x414; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 66:
+#line 81 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2207; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 67:
+#line 82 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x394; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 68:
+#line 83 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d507; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 69:
+#line 84 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xb4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 70:
+#line 85 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2d9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 71:
+#line 86 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2dd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 72:
+#line 87 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x60; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 73:
+#line 88 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2dc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 74:
+#line 89 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22c4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 75:
+#line 90 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2146; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 76:
+#line 91 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d53b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 77:
+#line 92 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xa8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 78:
+#line 93 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x20dc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 79:
+#line 94 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2250; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 80:
+#line 95 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x222f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 81:
+#line 96 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xa8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 82:
+#line 97 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 83:
+#line 98 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 84:
+#line 99 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 85:
+#line 100 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ae4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 86:
+#line 101 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27f8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 87:
+#line 102 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27fa; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 88:
+#line 103 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27f9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 89:
+#line 104 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 90:
+#line 105 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22a8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 91:
+#line 106 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 92:
+#line 107 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 93:
+#line 108 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2225; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 94:
+#line 109 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2193; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 95:
+#line 110 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2913; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 96:
+#line 111 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21f5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 97:
+#line 112 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x311; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 98:
+#line 113 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2950; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 99:
+#line 114 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x295e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 100:
+#line 115 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21bd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 101:
+#line 116 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2956; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 102:
+#line 117 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x295f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 103:
+#line 118 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 104:
+#line 119 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2957; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 105:
+#line 120 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22a4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 106:
+#line 121 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21a7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 107:
+#line 122 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 108:
+#line 123 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d49f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 109:
+#line 124 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x110; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 110:
+#line 125 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x14a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2052:
+#line 126 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xd0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2054:
+#line 127 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xc9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 111:
+#line 128 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x11a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2056:
+#line 129 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xca; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 112:
+#line 130 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x42d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 113:
+#line 131 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x116; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 114:
+#line 132 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d508; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2058:
+#line 133 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xc8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 115:
+#line 134 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2208; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 116:
+#line 135 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x112; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 117:
+#line 136 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25fb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 118:
+#line 137 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25ab; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 119:
+#line 138 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x118; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 120:
+#line 139 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d53c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 121:
+#line 140 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x395; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 122:
+#line 141 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a75; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 123:
+#line 142 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2242; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 124:
+#line 143 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21cc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 125:
+#line 144 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2130; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 126:
+#line 145 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a73; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 127:
+#line 146 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x397; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2060:
+#line 147 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xcb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 128:
+#line 148 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2203; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 129:
+#line 149 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2147; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 130:
+#line 150 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x424; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 131:
+#line 151 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d509; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 132:
+#line 152 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25fc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 133:
+#line 153 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25aa; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 134:
+#line 154 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d53d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 135:
+#line 155 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2200; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 136:
+#line 156 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2131; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 137:
+#line 157 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2131; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 138:
+#line 158 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x403; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2062:
+#line 159 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 139:
+#line 160 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x393; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 140:
+#line 161 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3dc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 141:
+#line 162 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x11e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 142:
+#line 163 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x122; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 143:
+#line 164 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x11c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 144:
+#line 165 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x413; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 145:
+#line 166 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x120; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 146:
+#line 167 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d50a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 147:
+#line 168 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22d9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 148:
+#line 169 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d53e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 149:
+#line 170 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2265; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 150:
+#line 171 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22db; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 151:
+#line 172 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2267; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 152:
+#line 173 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aa2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 153:
+#line 174 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2277; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 154:
+#line 175 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a7e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 155:
+#line 176 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2273; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 156:
+#line 177 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4a2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 157:
+#line 178 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x226b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 158:
+#line 179 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x42a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 159:
+#line 180 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2c7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 160:
+#line 181 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x5e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 161:
+#line 182 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x124; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 162:
+#line 183 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x210c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 163:
+#line 184 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x210b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 164:
+#line 185 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x210d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 165:
+#line 186 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2500; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 166:
+#line 187 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x210b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 167:
+#line 188 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x126; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 168:
+#line 189 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x224e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 169:
+#line 190 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x224f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 170:
+#line 191 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x415; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 171:
+#line 192 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x132; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 172:
+#line 193 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x401; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2064:
+#line 194 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xcd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2066:
+#line 195 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xce; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 173:
+#line 196 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x418; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 174:
+#line 197 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x130; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 175:
+#line 198 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2111; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2068:
+#line 199 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xcc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 176:
+#line 200 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2111; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 177:
+#line 201 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x12a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 178:
+#line 202 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2148; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 179:
+#line 203 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 180:
+#line 204 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x222c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 181:
+#line 205 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x222b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 182:
+#line 206 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22c2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 183:
+#line 207 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2063; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 184:
+#line 208 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2062; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 185:
+#line 209 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x12e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 186:
+#line 210 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d540; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 187:
+#line 211 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x399; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 188:
+#line 212 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2110; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 189:
+#line 213 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x128; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 190:
+#line 214 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x406; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2070:
+#line 215 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xcf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 191:
+#line 216 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x134; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 192:
+#line 217 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x419; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 193:
+#line 218 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d50d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 194:
+#line 219 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d541; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 195:
+#line 220 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4a5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 196:
+#line 221 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x408; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 197:
+#line 222 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x404; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 198:
+#line 223 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x425; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 199:
+#line 224 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x40c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 200:
+#line 225 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x39a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 201:
+#line 226 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x136; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 202:
+#line 227 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x41a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 203:
+#line 228 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d50e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 204:
+#line 229 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d542; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 205:
+#line 230 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4a6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 206:
+#line 231 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x409; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2072:
+#line 232 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 207:
+#line 233 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x139; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 208:
+#line 234 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x39b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 209:
+#line 235 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27ea; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 210:
+#line 236 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2112; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 211:
+#line 237 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x219e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 212:
+#line 238 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x13d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 213:
+#line 239 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x13b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 214:
+#line 240 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x41b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 215:
+#line 241 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27e8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 216:
+#line 242 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2190; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 217:
+#line 243 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21e4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 218:
+#line 244 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 219:
+#line 245 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2308; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 220:
+#line 246 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27e6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 221:
+#line 247 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2961; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 222:
+#line 248 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 223:
+#line 249 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2959; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 224:
+#line 250 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x230a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 225:
+#line 251 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2194; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 226:
+#line 252 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x294e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 227:
+#line 253 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22a3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 228:
+#line 254 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21a4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 229:
+#line 255 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x295a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 230:
+#line 256 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22b2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 231:
+#line 257 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29cf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 232:
+#line 258 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22b4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 233:
+#line 259 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2951; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 234:
+#line 260 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2960; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 235:
+#line 261 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21bf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 236:
+#line 262 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2958; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 237:
+#line 263 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21bc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 238:
+#line 264 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2952; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 239:
+#line 265 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 240:
+#line 266 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 241:
+#line 267 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22da; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 242:
+#line 268 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2266; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 243:
+#line 269 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2276; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 244:
+#line 270 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aa1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 245:
+#line 271 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a7d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 246:
+#line 272 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2272; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 247:
+#line 273 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d50f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 248:
+#line 274 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22d8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 249:
+#line 275 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21da; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 250:
+#line 276 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x13f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 251:
+#line 277 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27f5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 252:
+#line 278 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27f7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 253:
+#line 279 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27f6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 254:
+#line 280 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27f8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 255:
+#line 281 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27fa; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 256:
+#line 282 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27f9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 257:
+#line 283 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d543; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 258:
+#line 284 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2199; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 259:
+#line 285 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2198; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 260:
+#line 286 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2112; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 261:
+#line 287 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21b0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 262:
+#line 288 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x141; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 263:
+#line 289 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x226a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 264:
+#line 290 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2905; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 265:
+#line 291 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x41c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 266:
+#line 292 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x205f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 267:
+#line 293 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2133; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 268:
+#line 294 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d510; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 269:
+#line 295 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2213; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 270:
+#line 296 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d544; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 271:
+#line 297 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2133; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 272:
+#line 298 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x39c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 273:
+#line 299 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x40a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 274:
+#line 300 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x143; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 275:
+#line 301 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x147; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 276:
+#line 302 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x145; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 277:
+#line 303 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x41d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 278:
+#line 304 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x200b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 279:
+#line 305 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x200b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 280:
+#line 306 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x200b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 281:
+#line 307 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x200b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 282:
+#line 308 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x226b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 283:
+#line 309 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x226a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 284:
+#line 310 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x0a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 285:
+#line 311 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d511; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 286:
+#line 312 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2060; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 287:
+#line 313 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xa0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 288:
+#line 314 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2115; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 289:
+#line 315 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aec; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 290:
+#line 316 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2262; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 291:
+#line 317 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x226d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 292:
+#line 318 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2226; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 293:
+#line 319 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2209; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 294:
+#line 320 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2260; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 295:
+#line 321 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2242; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 296:
+#line 322 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2204; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 297:
+#line 323 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x226f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 298:
+#line 324 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2271; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 299:
+#line 325 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2267; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 300:
+#line 326 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x226b; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 301:
+#line 327 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2279; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 302:
+#line 328 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a7e; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 303:
+#line 329 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2275; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 304:
+#line 330 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x224e; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 305:
+#line 331 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x224f; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 306:
+#line 332 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22ea; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 307:
+#line 333 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29cf; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 308:
+#line 334 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22ec; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 309:
+#line 335 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x226e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 310:
+#line 336 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2270; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 311:
+#line 337 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2278; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 312:
+#line 338 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x226a; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 313:
+#line 339 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a7d; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 314:
+#line 340 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2274; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 315:
+#line 341 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aa2; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 316:
+#line 342 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aa1; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 317:
+#line 343 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2280; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 318:
+#line 344 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aaf; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 319:
+#line 345 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22e0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 320:
+#line 346 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x220c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 321:
+#line 347 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22eb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 322:
+#line 348 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29d0; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 323:
+#line 349 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22ed; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 324:
+#line 350 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x228f; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 325:
+#line 351 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22e2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 326:
+#line 352 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2290; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 327:
+#line 353 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22e3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 328:
+#line 354 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2282; output[1]=0x20d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 329:
+#line 355 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2288; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 330:
+#line 356 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2281; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 331:
+#line 357 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ab0; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 332:
+#line 358 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22e1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 333:
+#line 359 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x227f; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 334:
+#line 360 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2283; output[1]=0x20d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 335:
+#line 361 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2289; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 336:
+#line 362 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2241; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 337:
+#line 363 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2244; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 338:
+#line 364 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2247; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 339:
+#line 365 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2249; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 340:
+#line 366 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2224; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 341:
+#line 367 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4a9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2074:
+#line 368 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xd1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 342:
+#line 369 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x39d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 343:
+#line 370 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x152; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2076:
+#line 371 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xd3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2078:
+#line 372 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xd4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 344:
+#line 373 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x41e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 345:
+#line 374 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x150; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 346:
+#line 375 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d512; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2080:
+#line 376 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xd2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 347:
+#line 377 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x14c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 348:
+#line 378 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3a9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 349:
+#line 379 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x39f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 350:
+#line 380 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d546; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 351:
+#line 381 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x201c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 352:
+#line 382 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2018; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 353:
+#line 383 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a54; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 354:
+#line 384 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4aa; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2082:
+#line 385 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xd8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2084:
+#line 386 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xd5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 355:
+#line 387 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a37; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2086:
+#line 388 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xd6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 356:
+#line 389 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x203e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 357:
+#line 390 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x23de; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 358:
+#line 391 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x23b4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 359:
+#line 392 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x23dc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 360:
+#line 393 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2202; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 361:
+#line 394 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x41f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 362:
+#line 395 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d513; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 363:
+#line 396 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3a6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 364:
+#line 397 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3a0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 365:
+#line 398 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xb1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 366:
+#line 399 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x210c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 367:
+#line 400 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2119; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 368:
+#line 401 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2abb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 369:
+#line 402 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x227a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 370:
+#line 403 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aaf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 371:
+#line 404 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x227c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 372:
+#line 405 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x227e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 373:
+#line 406 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2033; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 374:
+#line 407 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x220f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 375:
+#line 408 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2237; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 376:
+#line 409 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x221d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 377:
+#line 410 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4ab; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 378:
+#line 411 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3a8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2088:
+#line 412 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 379:
+#line 413 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d514; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 380:
+#line 414 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x211a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 381:
+#line 415 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4ac; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 382:
+#line 416 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2910; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2090:
+#line 417 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xae; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 383:
+#line 418 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x154; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 384:
+#line 419 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27eb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 385:
+#line 420 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21a0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 386:
+#line 421 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2916; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 387:
+#line 422 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x158; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 388:
+#line 423 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x156; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 389:
+#line 424 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x420; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 390:
+#line 425 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x211c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 391:
+#line 426 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x220b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 392:
+#line 427 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21cb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 393:
+#line 428 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x296f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 394:
+#line 429 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x211c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 395:
+#line 430 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3a1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 396:
+#line 431 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27e9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 397:
+#line 432 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2192; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 398:
+#line 433 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21e5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 399:
+#line 434 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 400:
+#line 435 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2309; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 401:
+#line 436 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27e7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 402:
+#line 437 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x295d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 403:
+#line 438 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 404:
+#line 439 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2955; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 405:
+#line 440 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x230b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 406:
+#line 441 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22a2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 407:
+#line 442 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21a6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 408:
+#line 443 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x295b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 409:
+#line 444 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22b3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 410:
+#line 445 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29d0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 411:
+#line 446 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22b5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 412:
+#line 447 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x294f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 413:
+#line 448 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x295c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 414:
+#line 449 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21be; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 415:
+#line 450 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2954; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 416:
+#line 451 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 417:
+#line 452 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2953; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 418:
+#line 453 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 419:
+#line 454 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x211d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 420:
+#line 455 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2970; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 421:
+#line 456 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21db; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 422:
+#line 457 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x211b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 423:
+#line 458 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21b1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 424:
+#line 459 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29f4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 425:
+#line 460 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x429; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 426:
+#line 461 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x428; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 427:
+#line 462 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x42c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 428:
+#line 463 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x15a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 429:
+#line 464 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2abc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 430:
+#line 465 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x160; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 431:
+#line 466 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x15e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 432:
+#line 467 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x15c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 433:
+#line 468 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x421; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 434:
+#line 469 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d516; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 435:
+#line 470 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2193; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 436:
+#line 471 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2190; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 437:
+#line 472 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2192; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 438:
+#line 473 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2191; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 439:
+#line 474 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3a3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 440:
+#line 475 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2218; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 441:
+#line 476 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d54a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 442:
+#line 477 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x221a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 443:
+#line 478 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25a1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 444:
+#line 479 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2293; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 445:
+#line 480 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x228f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 446:
+#line 481 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2291; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 447:
+#line 482 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2290; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 448:
+#line 483 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2292; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 449:
+#line 484 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2294; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 450:
+#line 485 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4ae; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 451:
+#line 486 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22c6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 452:
+#line 487 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22d0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 453:
+#line 488 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22d0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 454:
+#line 489 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2286; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 455:
+#line 490 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x227b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 456:
+#line 491 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ab0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 457:
+#line 492 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x227d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 458:
+#line 493 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x227f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 459:
+#line 494 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x220b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 460:
+#line 495 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2211; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 461:
+#line 496 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22d1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 462:
+#line 497 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2283; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 463:
+#line 498 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2287; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 464:
+#line 499 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22d1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2092:
+#line 500 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xde; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 465:
+#line 501 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2122; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 466:
+#line 502 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x40b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 467:
+#line 503 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x426; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 468:
+#line 504 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x09; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 469:
+#line 505 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3a4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 470:
+#line 506 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x164; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 471:
+#line 507 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x162; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 472:
+#line 508 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x422; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 473:
+#line 509 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d517; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 474:
+#line 510 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2234; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 475:
+#line 511 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x398; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 476:
+#line 512 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x205f; output[1]=0x200a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 477:
+#line 513 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2009; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 478:
+#line 514 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x223c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 479:
+#line 515 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2243; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 480:
+#line 516 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2245; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 481:
+#line 517 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2248; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 482:
+#line 518 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d54b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 483:
+#line 519 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x20db; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 484:
+#line 520 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4af; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 485:
+#line 521 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x166; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2094:
+#line 522 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xda; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 486:
+#line 523 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x219f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 487:
+#line 524 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2949; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 488:
+#line 525 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x40e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 489:
+#line 526 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x16c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2096:
+#line 527 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xdb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 490:
+#line 528 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x423; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 491:
+#line 529 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x170; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 492:
+#line 530 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d518; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2098:
+#line 531 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xd9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 493:
+#line 532 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x16a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 494:
+#line 533 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x5f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 495:
+#line 534 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x23df; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 496:
+#line 535 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x23b5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 497:
+#line 536 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x23dd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 498:
+#line 537 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22c3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 499:
+#line 538 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x228e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 500:
+#line 539 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x172; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 501:
+#line 540 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d54c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 502:
+#line 541 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2191; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 503:
+#line 542 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2912; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 504:
+#line 543 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 505:
+#line 544 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2195; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 506:
+#line 545 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x296e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 507:
+#line 546 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22a5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 508:
+#line 547 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21a5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 509:
+#line 548 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 510:
+#line 549 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 511:
+#line 550 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2196; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 512:
+#line 551 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2197; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 513:
+#line 552 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 514:
+#line 553 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3a5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 515:
+#line 554 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x16e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 516:
+#line 555 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4b0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 517:
+#line 556 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x168; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2100:
+#line 557 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xdc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 518:
+#line 558 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22ab; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 519:
+#line 559 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aeb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 520:
+#line 560 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x412; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 521:
+#line 561 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22a9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 522:
+#line 562 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ae6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 523:
+#line 563 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22c1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 524:
+#line 564 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2016; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 525:
+#line 565 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2016; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 526:
+#line 566 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2223; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 527:
+#line 567 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x7c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 528:
+#line 568 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2758; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 529:
+#line 569 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2240; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 530:
+#line 570 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x200a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 531:
+#line 571 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d519; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 532:
+#line 572 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d54d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 533:
+#line 573 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4b1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 534:
+#line 574 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22aa; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 535:
+#line 575 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x174; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 536:
+#line 576 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22c0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 537:
+#line 577 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d51a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 538:
+#line 578 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d54e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 539:
+#line 579 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4b2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 540:
+#line 580 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d51b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 541:
+#line 581 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x39e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 542:
+#line 582 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d54f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 543:
+#line 583 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4b3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 544:
+#line 584 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x42f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 545:
+#line 585 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x407; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 546:
+#line 586 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x42e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2102:
+#line 587 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xdd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 547:
+#line 588 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x176; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 548:
+#line 589 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x42b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 549:
+#line 590 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d51c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 550:
+#line 591 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d550; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 551:
+#line 592 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4b4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 552:
+#line 593 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x178; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 553:
+#line 594 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x416; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 554:
+#line 595 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x179; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 555:
+#line 596 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x17d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 556:
+#line 597 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x417; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 557:
+#line 598 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x17b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 558:
+#line 599 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x200b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 559:
+#line 600 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x396; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 560:
+#line 601 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2128; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 561:
+#line 602 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2124; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 562:
+#line 603 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4b5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2104:
+#line 604 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xe1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 563:
+#line 605 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x103; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 564:
+#line 606 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x223e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 565:
+#line 607 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x223e; output[1]=0x333; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 566:
+#line 608 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x223f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2106:
+#line 609 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xe2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2108:
+#line 610 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xb4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 567:
+#line 611 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x430; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2110:
+#line 612 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xe6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 568:
+#line 613 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2061; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 569:
+#line 614 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d51e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2112:
+#line 615 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xe0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 570:
+#line 616 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2135; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 571:
+#line 617 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2135; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 572:
+#line 618 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3b1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 573:
+#line 619 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x101; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 574:
+#line 620 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a3f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2114:
+#line 621 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x26; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 575:
+#line 622 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2227; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 576:
+#line 623 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a55; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 577:
+#line 624 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a5c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 578:
+#line 625 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a58; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 579:
+#line 626 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a5a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 580:
+#line 627 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2220; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 581:
+#line 628 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29a4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 582:
+#line 629 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2220; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 583:
+#line 630 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2221; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 584:
+#line 631 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29a8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 585:
+#line 632 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29a9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 586:
+#line 633 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29aa; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 587:
+#line 634 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29ab; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 588:
+#line 635 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29ac; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 589:
+#line 636 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29ad; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 590:
+#line 637 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29ae; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 591:
+#line 638 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29af; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 592:
+#line 639 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x221f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 593:
+#line 640 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22be; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 594:
+#line 641 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x299d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 595:
+#line 642 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2222; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 596:
+#line 643 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xc5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 597:
+#line 644 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x237c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 598:
+#line 645 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x105; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 599:
+#line 646 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d552; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 600:
+#line 647 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2248; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 601:
+#line 648 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a70; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 602:
+#line 649 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a6f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 603:
+#line 650 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x224a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 604:
+#line 651 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x224b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 605:
+#line 652 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 606:
+#line 653 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2248; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 607:
+#line 654 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x224a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2116:
+#line 655 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xe5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 608:
+#line 656 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4b6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 609:
+#line 657 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 610:
+#line 658 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2248; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 611:
+#line 659 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x224d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2118:
+#line 660 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xe3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2120:
+#line 661 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xe4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 612:
+#line 662 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2233; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 613:
+#line 663 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a11; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 614:
+#line 664 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aed; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 615:
+#line 665 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x224c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 616:
+#line 666 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3f6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 617:
+#line 667 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2035; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 618:
+#line 668 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x223d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 619:
+#line 669 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22cd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 620:
+#line 670 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22bd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 621:
+#line 671 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2305; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 622:
+#line 672 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2305; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 623:
+#line 673 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x23b5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 624:
+#line 674 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x23b6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 625:
+#line 675 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x224c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 626:
+#line 676 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x431; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 627:
+#line 677 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x201e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 628:
+#line 678 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2235; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 629:
+#line 679 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2235; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 630:
+#line 680 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29b0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 631:
+#line 681 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3f6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 632:
+#line 682 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x212c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 633:
+#line 683 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3b2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 634:
+#line 684 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2136; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 635:
+#line 685 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x226c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 636:
+#line 686 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d51f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 637:
+#line 687 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22c2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 638:
+#line 688 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25ef; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 639:
+#line 689 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22c3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 640:
+#line 690 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 641:
+#line 691 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a01; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 642:
+#line 692 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a02; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 643:
+#line 693 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a06; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 644:
+#line 694 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2605; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 645:
+#line 695 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25bd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 646:
+#line 696 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25b3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 647:
+#line 697 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a04; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 648:
+#line 698 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22c1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 649:
+#line 699 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22c0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 650:
+#line 700 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x290d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 651:
+#line 701 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29eb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 652:
+#line 702 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25aa; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 653:
+#line 703 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25b4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 654:
+#line 704 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25be; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 655:
+#line 705 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25c2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 656:
+#line 706 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25b8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 657:
+#line 707 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2423; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 658:
+#line 708 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2592; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 659:
+#line 709 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2591; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 660:
+#line 710 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2593; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 661:
+#line 711 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2588; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 662:
+#line 712 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3d; output[1]=0x20e5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 663:
+#line 713 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2261; output[1]=0x20e5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 664:
+#line 714 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2310; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 665:
+#line 715 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d553; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 666:
+#line 716 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22a5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 667:
+#line 717 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22a5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 668:
+#line 718 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22c8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 669:
+#line 719 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2557; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 670:
+#line 720 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2554; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 671:
+#line 721 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2556; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 672:
+#line 722 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2553; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 673:
+#line 723 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2550; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 674:
+#line 724 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2566; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 675:
+#line 725 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2569; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 676:
+#line 726 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2564; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 677:
+#line 727 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2567; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 678:
+#line 728 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x255d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 679:
+#line 729 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x255a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 680:
+#line 730 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x255c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 681:
+#line 731 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2559; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 682:
+#line 732 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2551; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 683:
+#line 733 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x256c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 684:
+#line 734 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2563; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 685:
+#line 735 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2560; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 686:
+#line 736 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x256b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 687:
+#line 737 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2562; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 688:
+#line 738 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x255f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 689:
+#line 739 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29c9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 690:
+#line 740 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2555; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 691:
+#line 741 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2552; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 692:
+#line 742 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2510; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 693:
+#line 743 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x250c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 694:
+#line 744 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2500; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 695:
+#line 745 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2565; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 696:
+#line 746 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2568; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 697:
+#line 747 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x252c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 698:
+#line 748 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2534; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 699:
+#line 749 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x229f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 700:
+#line 750 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x229e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 701:
+#line 751 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22a0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 702:
+#line 752 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x255b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 703:
+#line 753 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2558; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 704:
+#line 754 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2518; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 705:
+#line 755 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2514; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 706:
+#line 756 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2502; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 707:
+#line 757 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x256a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 708:
+#line 758 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2561; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 709:
+#line 759 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x255e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 710:
+#line 760 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x253c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 711:
+#line 761 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2524; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 712:
+#line 762 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x251c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 713:
+#line 763 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2035; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 714:
+#line 764 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2d8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2122:
+#line 765 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xa6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 715:
+#line 766 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4b7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 716:
+#line 767 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x204f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 717:
+#line 768 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x223d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 718:
+#line 769 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22cd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 719:
+#line 770 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x5c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 720:
+#line 771 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29c5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 721:
+#line 772 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27c8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 722:
+#line 773 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2022; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 723:
+#line 774 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2022; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 724:
+#line 775 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x224e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 725:
+#line 776 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aae; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 726:
+#line 777 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x224f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 727:
+#line 778 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x224f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 728:
+#line 779 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x107; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 729:
+#line 780 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2229; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 730:
+#line 781 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a44; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 731:
+#line 782 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a49; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 732:
+#line 783 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a4b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 733:
+#line 784 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a47; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 734:
+#line 785 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a40; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 735:
+#line 786 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2229; output[1]=0xfe00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 736:
+#line 787 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2041; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 737:
+#line 788 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2c7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 738:
+#line 789 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a4d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 739:
+#line 790 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x10d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2124:
+#line 791 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xe7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 740:
+#line 792 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x109; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 741:
+#line 793 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a4c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 742:
+#line 794 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a50; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 743:
+#line 795 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x10b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2126:
+#line 796 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xb8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 744:
+#line 797 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29b2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2128:
+#line 798 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xa2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 747:
+#line 799 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xb7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 748:
+#line 800 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d520; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 749:
+#line 801 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x447; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 750:
+#line 802 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2713; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 751:
+#line 803 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2713; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 752:
+#line 804 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3c7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 753:
+#line 805 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25cb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 754:
+#line 806 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29c3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 755:
+#line 807 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2c6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 756:
+#line 808 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2257; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 757:
+#line 809 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21ba; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 758:
+#line 810 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21bb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 759:
+#line 811 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xae; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 760:
+#line 812 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x24c8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 761:
+#line 813 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x229b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 762:
+#line 814 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x229a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 763:
+#line 815 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x229d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 764:
+#line 816 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2257; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 765:
+#line 817 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a10; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 766:
+#line 818 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aef; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 767:
+#line 819 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29c2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 768:
+#line 820 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2663; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 769:
+#line 821 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2663; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 770:
+#line 822 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 771:
+#line 823 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2254; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 772:
+#line 824 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2254; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 773:
+#line 825 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 774:
+#line 826 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x40; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 775:
+#line 827 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2201; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 776:
+#line 828 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2218; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 777:
+#line 829 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2201; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 778:
+#line 830 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2102; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 779:
+#line 831 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2245; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 780:
+#line 832 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a6d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 781:
+#line 833 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x222e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 782:
+#line 834 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d554; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 783:
+#line 835 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2210; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2130:
+#line 836 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xa9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 785:
+#line 837 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2117; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 786:
+#line 838 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21b5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 787:
+#line 839 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2717; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 788:
+#line 840 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4b8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 789:
+#line 841 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2acf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 790:
+#line 842 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ad1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 791:
+#line 843 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ad0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 792:
+#line 844 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ad2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 793:
+#line 845 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22ef; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 794:
+#line 846 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2938; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 795:
+#line 847 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2935; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 796:
+#line 848 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22de; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 797:
+#line 849 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22df; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 798:
+#line 850 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21b6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 799:
+#line 851 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x293d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 800:
+#line 852 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x222a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 801:
+#line 853 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a48; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 802:
+#line 854 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a46; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 803:
+#line 855 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a4a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 804:
+#line 856 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x228d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 805:
+#line 857 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a45; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 806:
+#line 858 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x222a; output[1]=0xfe00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 807:
+#line 859 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21b7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 808:
+#line 860 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x293c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 809:
+#line 861 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22de; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 810:
+#line 862 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22df; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 811:
+#line 863 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22ce; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 812:
+#line 864 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22cf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2132:
+#line 865 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xa4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 813:
+#line 866 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21b6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 814:
+#line 867 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21b7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 815:
+#line 868 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22ce; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 816:
+#line 869 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22cf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 817:
+#line 870 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2232; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 818:
+#line 871 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2231; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 819:
+#line 872 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x232d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 820:
+#line 873 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 821:
+#line 874 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2965; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 822:
+#line 875 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2020; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 823:
+#line 876 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2138; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 824:
+#line 877 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2193; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 825:
+#line 878 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2010; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 826:
+#line 879 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22a3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 827:
+#line 880 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x290f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 828:
+#line 881 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2dd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 829:
+#line 882 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x10f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 830:
+#line 883 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x434; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 831:
+#line 884 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2146; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 832:
+#line 885 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2021; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 833:
+#line 886 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21ca; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 834:
+#line 887 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a77; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2134:
+#line 888 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xb0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 835:
+#line 889 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3b4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 836:
+#line 890 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29b1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 837:
+#line 891 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x297f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 838:
+#line 892 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d521; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 839:
+#line 893 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 840:
+#line 894 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 841:
+#line 895 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22c4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 842:
+#line 896 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22c4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 843:
+#line 897 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2666; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 844:
+#line 898 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2666; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 845:
+#line 899 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xa8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 846:
+#line 900 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3dd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 847:
+#line 901 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22f2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 848:
+#line 902 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xf7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2136:
+#line 903 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xf7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 850:
+#line 904 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22c7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 851:
+#line 905 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22c7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 852:
+#line 906 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x452; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 853:
+#line 907 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x231e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 854:
+#line 908 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x230d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 855:
+#line 909 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x24; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 856:
+#line 910 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d555; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 857:
+#line 911 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2d9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 858:
+#line 912 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2250; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 859:
+#line 913 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2251; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 860:
+#line 914 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2238; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 861:
+#line 915 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2214; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 862:
+#line 916 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22a1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 863:
+#line 917 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2306; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 864:
+#line 918 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2193; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 865:
+#line 919 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21ca; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 866:
+#line 920 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 867:
+#line 921 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 868:
+#line 922 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2910; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 869:
+#line 923 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x231f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 870:
+#line 924 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x230c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 871:
+#line 925 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4b9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 872:
+#line 926 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x455; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 873:
+#line 927 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29f6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 874:
+#line 928 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x111; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 875:
+#line 929 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22f1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 876:
+#line 930 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25bf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 877:
+#line 931 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25be; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 878:
+#line 932 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21f5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 879:
+#line 933 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x296f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 880:
+#line 934 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29a6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 881:
+#line 935 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x45f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 882:
+#line 936 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27ff; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 883:
+#line 937 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a77; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 884:
+#line 938 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2251; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2138:
+#line 939 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xe9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 885:
+#line 940 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a6e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 886:
+#line 941 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x11b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 887:
+#line 942 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2256; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2140:
+#line 943 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xea; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 888:
+#line 944 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2255; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 889:
+#line 945 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x44d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 890:
+#line 946 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x117; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 891:
+#line 947 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2147; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 892:
+#line 948 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2252; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 893:
+#line 949 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d522; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 894:
+#line 950 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a9a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2142:
+#line 951 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xe8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 895:
+#line 952 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a96; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 896:
+#line 953 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a98; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 897:
+#line 954 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a99; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 898:
+#line 955 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x23e7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 899:
+#line 956 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2113; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 900:
+#line 957 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a95; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 901:
+#line 958 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a97; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 902:
+#line 959 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x113; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 903:
+#line 960 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2205; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 904:
+#line 961 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2205; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 905:
+#line 962 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2205; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 907:
+#line 963 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2004; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 908:
+#line 964 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2005; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 906:
+#line 965 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2003; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 909:
+#line 966 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x14b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 910:
+#line 967 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2002; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 911:
+#line 968 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x119; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 912:
+#line 969 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d556; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 913:
+#line 970 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22d5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 914:
+#line 971 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29e3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 915:
+#line 972 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a71; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 916:
+#line 973 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3b5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 917:
+#line 974 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3b5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 918:
+#line 975 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3f5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 919:
+#line 976 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2256; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 920:
+#line 977 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2255; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 921:
+#line 978 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2242; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 922:
+#line 979 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a96; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 923:
+#line 980 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a95; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 924:
+#line 981 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 925:
+#line 982 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x225f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 926:
+#line 983 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2261; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 927:
+#line 984 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a78; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 928:
+#line 985 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29e5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 929:
+#line 986 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2253; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 930:
+#line 987 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2971; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 931:
+#line 988 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x212f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 932:
+#line 989 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2250; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 933:
+#line 990 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2242; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 934:
+#line 991 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3b7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2144:
+#line 992 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xf0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2146:
+#line 993 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xeb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 935:
+#line 994 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x20ac; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 936:
+#line 995 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 937:
+#line 996 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2203; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 938:
+#line 997 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2130; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 939:
+#line 998 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2147; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 940:
+#line 999 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2252; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 941:
+#line 1000 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x444; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 942:
+#line 1001 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2640; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 943:
+#line 1002 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xfb03; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 944:
+#line 1003 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xfb00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 945:
+#line 1004 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xfb04; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 946:
+#line 1005 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d523; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 947:
+#line 1006 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xfb01; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 948:
+#line 1007 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x66; output[1]=0x6a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 949:
+#line 1008 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x266d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 950:
+#line 1009 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xfb02; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 951:
+#line 1010 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25b1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 952:
+#line 1011 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x192; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 953:
+#line 1012 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d557; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 954:
+#line 1013 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2200; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 955:
+#line 1014 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22d4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 956:
+#line 1015 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ad9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 957:
+#line 1016 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a0d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2148:
+#line 1017 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xbd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 958:
+#line 1018 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2153; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2150:
+#line 1019 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xbc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 959:
+#line 1020 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2155; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 960:
+#line 1021 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2159; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 961:
+#line 1022 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x215b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 962:
+#line 1023 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2154; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 963:
+#line 1024 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2156; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2152:
+#line 1025 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xbe; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 964:
+#line 1026 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2157; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 965:
+#line 1027 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x215c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 966:
+#line 1028 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2158; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 967:
+#line 1029 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x215a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 968:
+#line 1030 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x215d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 969:
+#line 1031 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x215e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 970:
+#line 1032 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2044; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 971:
+#line 1033 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2322; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 972:
+#line 1034 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4bb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 973:
+#line 1035 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2267; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 974:
+#line 1036 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a8c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 975:
+#line 1037 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1f5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 976:
+#line 1038 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3b3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 977:
+#line 1039 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3dd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 978:
+#line 1040 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a86; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 979:
+#line 1041 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x11f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 980:
+#line 1042 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x11d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 981:
+#line 1043 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x433; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 982:
+#line 1044 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x121; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 983:
+#line 1045 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2265; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 984:
+#line 1046 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22db; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 985:
+#line 1047 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2265; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 986:
+#line 1048 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2267; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 987:
+#line 1049 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a7e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 988:
+#line 1050 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a7e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 989:
+#line 1051 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aa9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 990:
+#line 1052 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a80; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 991:
+#line 1053 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a82; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 992:
+#line 1054 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a84; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 993:
+#line 1055 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22db; output[1]=0xfe00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 994:
+#line 1056 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a94; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 995:
+#line 1057 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d524; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 996:
+#line 1058 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x226b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 997:
+#line 1059 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22d9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 998:
+#line 1060 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2137; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 999:
+#line 1061 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x453; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1000:
+#line 1062 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2277; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1001:
+#line 1063 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a92; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1002:
+#line 1064 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aa5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1003:
+#line 1065 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aa4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1004:
+#line 1066 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2269; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1005:
+#line 1067 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a8a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1006:
+#line 1068 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a8a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1007:
+#line 1069 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a88; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1008:
+#line 1070 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a88; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1009:
+#line 1071 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2269; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1010:
+#line 1072 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22e7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1011:
+#line 1073 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d558; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1012:
+#line 1074 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x60; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1013:
+#line 1075 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x210a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1014:
+#line 1076 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2273; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1015:
+#line 1077 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a8e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1016:
+#line 1078 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a90; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2154:
+#line 1079 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1018:
+#line 1080 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aa7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1019:
+#line 1081 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a7a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1020:
+#line 1082 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22d7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1021:
+#line 1083 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2995; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1022:
+#line 1084 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a7c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1023:
+#line 1085 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a86; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1024:
+#line 1086 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2978; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1025:
+#line 1087 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22d7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1026:
+#line 1088 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22db; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1027:
+#line 1089 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a8c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1028:
+#line 1090 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2277; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1029:
+#line 1091 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2273; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1030:
+#line 1092 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2269; output[1]=0xfe00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1031:
+#line 1093 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2269; output[1]=0xfe00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1032:
+#line 1094 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1033:
+#line 1095 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x200a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1034:
+#line 1096 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xbd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1035:
+#line 1097 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x210b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1036:
+#line 1098 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x44a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1037:
+#line 1099 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2194; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1038:
+#line 1100 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2948; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1039:
+#line 1101 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21ad; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1040:
+#line 1102 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x210f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1041:
+#line 1103 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x125; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1042:
+#line 1104 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2665; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1043:
+#line 1105 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2665; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1044:
+#line 1106 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2026; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1045:
+#line 1107 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22b9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1046:
+#line 1108 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d525; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1047:
+#line 1109 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2925; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1048:
+#line 1110 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2926; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1049:
+#line 1111 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21ff; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1050:
+#line 1112 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x223b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1051:
+#line 1113 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21a9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1052:
+#line 1114 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21aa; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1053:
+#line 1115 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d559; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1054:
+#line 1116 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2015; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1055:
+#line 1117 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4bd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1056:
+#line 1118 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x210f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1057:
+#line 1119 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x127; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1058:
+#line 1120 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2043; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1059:
+#line 1121 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2010; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2156:
+#line 1122 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xed; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1060:
+#line 1123 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2063; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2158:
+#line 1124 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xee; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1061:
+#line 1125 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x438; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1062:
+#line 1126 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x435; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2160:
+#line 1127 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xa1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1063:
+#line 1128 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1064:
+#line 1129 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d526; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2162:
+#line 1130 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xec; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1065:
+#line 1131 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2148; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1066:
+#line 1132 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a0c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1067:
+#line 1133 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x222d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1068:
+#line 1134 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29dc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1069:
+#line 1135 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2129; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1070:
+#line 1136 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x133; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1071:
+#line 1137 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x12b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1072:
+#line 1138 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2111; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1073:
+#line 1139 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2110; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1074:
+#line 1140 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2111; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1075:
+#line 1141 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x131; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1076:
+#line 1142 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22b7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1077:
+#line 1143 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1b5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1078:
+#line 1144 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2208; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1079:
+#line 1145 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2105; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1080:
+#line 1146 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x221e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1081:
+#line 1147 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29dd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1082:
+#line 1148 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x131; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1083:
+#line 1149 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x222b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1084:
+#line 1150 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22ba; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1085:
+#line 1151 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2124; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1086:
+#line 1152 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22ba; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1087:
+#line 1153 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a17; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1088:
+#line 1154 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a3c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1089:
+#line 1155 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x451; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1090:
+#line 1156 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x12f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1091:
+#line 1157 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d55a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1092:
+#line 1158 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3b9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1093:
+#line 1159 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a3c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2164:
+#line 1160 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xbf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1094:
+#line 1161 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4be; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1095:
+#line 1162 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2208; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1096:
+#line 1163 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22f9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1097:
+#line 1164 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22f5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1098:
+#line 1165 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22f4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1099:
+#line 1166 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22f3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1100:
+#line 1167 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2208; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1101:
+#line 1168 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2062; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1102:
+#line 1169 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x129; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1103:
+#line 1170 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x456; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2166:
+#line 1171 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xef; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1104:
+#line 1172 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x135; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1105:
+#line 1173 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x439; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1106:
+#line 1174 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d527; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1107:
+#line 1175 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x237; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1108:
+#line 1176 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d55b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1109:
+#line 1177 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4bf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1110:
+#line 1178 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x458; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1111:
+#line 1179 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x454; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1112:
+#line 1180 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3ba; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1113:
+#line 1181 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3f0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1114:
+#line 1182 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x137; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1115:
+#line 1183 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x43a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1116:
+#line 1184 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d528; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1117:
+#line 1185 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x138; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1118:
+#line 1186 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x445; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1119:
+#line 1187 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x45c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1120:
+#line 1188 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d55c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1121:
+#line 1189 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4c0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1122:
+#line 1190 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21da; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1123:
+#line 1191 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1124:
+#line 1192 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x291b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1125:
+#line 1193 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x290e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1126:
+#line 1194 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2266; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1127:
+#line 1195 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a8b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1128:
+#line 1196 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2962; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1129:
+#line 1197 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x13a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1130:
+#line 1198 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29b4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1131:
+#line 1199 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2112; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1132:
+#line 1200 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3bb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1133:
+#line 1201 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27e8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1134:
+#line 1202 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2991; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1135:
+#line 1203 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27e8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1136:
+#line 1204 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a85; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2168:
+#line 1205 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xab; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1137:
+#line 1206 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2190; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1138:
+#line 1207 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21e4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1139:
+#line 1208 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x291f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1140:
+#line 1209 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x291d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1141:
+#line 1210 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21a9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1142:
+#line 1211 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21ab; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1143:
+#line 1212 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2939; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1144:
+#line 1213 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2973; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1145:
+#line 1214 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21a2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1146:
+#line 1215 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aab; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1147:
+#line 1216 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2919; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1148:
+#line 1217 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aad; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1149:
+#line 1218 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aad; output[1]=0xfe00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1150:
+#line 1219 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x290c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1151:
+#line 1220 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2772; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1152:
+#line 1221 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x7b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1153:
+#line 1222 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x5b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1154:
+#line 1223 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x298b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1155:
+#line 1224 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x298f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1156:
+#line 1225 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x298d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1157:
+#line 1226 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x13e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1158:
+#line 1227 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x13c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1159:
+#line 1228 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2308; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1160:
+#line 1229 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x7b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1161:
+#line 1230 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x43b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1162:
+#line 1231 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2936; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1163:
+#line 1232 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x201c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1164:
+#line 1233 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x201e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1165:
+#line 1234 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2967; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1166:
+#line 1235 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x294b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1167:
+#line 1236 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21b2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1168:
+#line 1237 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2264; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1169:
+#line 1238 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2190; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1170:
+#line 1239 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21a2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1171:
+#line 1240 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21bd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1172:
+#line 1241 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21bc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1173:
+#line 1242 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1174:
+#line 1243 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2194; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1175:
+#line 1244 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1176:
+#line 1245 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21cb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1177:
+#line 1246 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21ad; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1178:
+#line 1247 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22cb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1179:
+#line 1248 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22da; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1180:
+#line 1249 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2264; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1181:
+#line 1250 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2266; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1182:
+#line 1251 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a7d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1183:
+#line 1252 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a7d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1184:
+#line 1253 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aa8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1185:
+#line 1254 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a7f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1186:
+#line 1255 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a81; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1187:
+#line 1256 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a83; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1188:
+#line 1257 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22da; output[1]=0xfe00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1189:
+#line 1258 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a93; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1190:
+#line 1259 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a85; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1191:
+#line 1260 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22d6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1192:
+#line 1261 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22da; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1193:
+#line 1262 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a8b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1194:
+#line 1263 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2276; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1195:
+#line 1264 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2272; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1196:
+#line 1265 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x297c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1197:
+#line 1266 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x230a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1198:
+#line 1267 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d529; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1199:
+#line 1268 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2276; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1200:
+#line 1269 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a91; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1201:
+#line 1270 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21bd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1202:
+#line 1271 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21bc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1203:
+#line 1272 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x296a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1204:
+#line 1273 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2584; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1205:
+#line 1274 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x459; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1206:
+#line 1275 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x226a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1207:
+#line 1276 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1208:
+#line 1277 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x231e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1209:
+#line 1278 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x296b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1210:
+#line 1279 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25fa; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1211:
+#line 1280 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x140; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1212:
+#line 1281 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x23b0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1213:
+#line 1282 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x23b0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1214:
+#line 1283 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2268; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1215:
+#line 1284 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a89; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1216:
+#line 1285 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a89; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1217:
+#line 1286 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a87; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1218:
+#line 1287 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a87; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1219:
+#line 1288 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2268; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1220:
+#line 1289 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22e6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1221:
+#line 1290 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27ec; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1222:
+#line 1291 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21fd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1223:
+#line 1292 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27e6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1224:
+#line 1293 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27f5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1225:
+#line 1294 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27f7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1226:
+#line 1295 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27fc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1227:
+#line 1296 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27f6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1228:
+#line 1297 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21ab; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1229:
+#line 1298 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21ac; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1230:
+#line 1299 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2985; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1231:
+#line 1300 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d55d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1232:
+#line 1301 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a2d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1233:
+#line 1302 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a34; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1234:
+#line 1303 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2217; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1235:
+#line 1304 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x5f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1236:
+#line 1305 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25ca; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1237:
+#line 1306 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25ca; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1238:
+#line 1307 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29eb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1239:
+#line 1308 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x28; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1240:
+#line 1309 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2993; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1241:
+#line 1310 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1242:
+#line 1311 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x231f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1243:
+#line 1312 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21cb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1244:
+#line 1313 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x296d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1245:
+#line 1314 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x200e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1246:
+#line 1315 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22bf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1247:
+#line 1316 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2039; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1248:
+#line 1317 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4c1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1249:
+#line 1318 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21b0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1250:
+#line 1319 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2272; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1251:
+#line 1320 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a8d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1252:
+#line 1321 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a8f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1253:
+#line 1322 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x5b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1254:
+#line 1323 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2018; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1255:
+#line 1324 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x201a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1256:
+#line 1325 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x142; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2170:
+#line 1326 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1258:
+#line 1327 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aa6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1259:
+#line 1328 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a79; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1260:
+#line 1329 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22d6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1261:
+#line 1330 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22cb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1262:
+#line 1331 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22c9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1263:
+#line 1332 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2976; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1264:
+#line 1333 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a7b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1265:
+#line 1334 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2996; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1266:
+#line 1335 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25c3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1267:
+#line 1336 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22b4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1268:
+#line 1337 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25c2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1269:
+#line 1338 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x294a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1270:
+#line 1339 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2966; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1271:
+#line 1340 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2268; output[1]=0xfe00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1272:
+#line 1341 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2268; output[1]=0xfe00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1273:
+#line 1342 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x223a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2172:
+#line 1343 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xaf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1274:
+#line 1344 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2642; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1275:
+#line 1345 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2720; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1276:
+#line 1346 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2720; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1277:
+#line 1347 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21a6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1278:
+#line 1348 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21a6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1279:
+#line 1349 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21a7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1280:
+#line 1350 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21a4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1281:
+#line 1351 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21a5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1282:
+#line 1352 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25ae; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1283:
+#line 1353 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a29; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1284:
+#line 1354 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x43c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1285:
+#line 1355 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2014; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1286:
+#line 1356 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2221; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1287:
+#line 1357 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d52a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1288:
+#line 1358 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2127; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2174:
+#line 1359 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xb5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1289:
+#line 1360 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2223; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1290:
+#line 1361 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1291:
+#line 1362 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2af0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2176:
+#line 1363 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xb7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1292:
+#line 1364 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2212; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1293:
+#line 1365 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x229f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1294:
+#line 1366 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2238; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1295:
+#line 1367 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a2a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1296:
+#line 1368 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2adb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1297:
+#line 1369 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2026; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1298:
+#line 1370 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2213; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1299:
+#line 1371 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22a7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1300:
+#line 1372 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d55e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1301:
+#line 1373 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2213; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1302:
+#line 1374 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4c2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1303:
+#line 1375 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x223e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1304:
+#line 1376 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3bc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1305:
+#line 1377 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22b8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1306:
+#line 1378 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22b8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1307:
+#line 1379 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22d9; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1308:
+#line 1380 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x226b; output[1]=0x20d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1309:
+#line 1381 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x226b; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1310:
+#line 1382 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21cd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1311:
+#line 1383 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21ce; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1312:
+#line 1384 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22d8; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1313:
+#line 1385 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x226a; output[1]=0x20d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1314:
+#line 1386 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x226a; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1315:
+#line 1387 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21cf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1316:
+#line 1388 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22af; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1317:
+#line 1389 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22ae; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1318:
+#line 1390 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2207; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1319:
+#line 1391 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x144; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1320:
+#line 1392 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2220; output[1]=0x20d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1321:
+#line 1393 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2249; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1322:
+#line 1394 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a70; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1323:
+#line 1395 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x224b; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1324:
+#line 1396 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x149; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1325:
+#line 1397 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2249; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1326:
+#line 1398 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x266e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1327:
+#line 1399 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x266e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1328:
+#line 1400 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2115; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2178:
+#line 1401 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xa0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1329:
+#line 1402 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x224e; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1330:
+#line 1403 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x224f; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1331:
+#line 1404 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a43; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1332:
+#line 1405 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x148; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1333:
+#line 1406 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x146; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1334:
+#line 1407 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2247; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1335:
+#line 1408 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a6d; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1336:
+#line 1409 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a42; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1337:
+#line 1410 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x43d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1338:
+#line 1411 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2013; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1339:
+#line 1412 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2260; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1340:
+#line 1413 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1341:
+#line 1414 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2924; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1342:
+#line 1415 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2197; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1343:
+#line 1416 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2197; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1344:
+#line 1417 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2250; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1345:
+#line 1418 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2262; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1346:
+#line 1419 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2928; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1347:
+#line 1420 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2242; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1348:
+#line 1421 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2204; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1349:
+#line 1422 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2204; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1350:
+#line 1423 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d52b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1351:
+#line 1424 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2267; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1352:
+#line 1425 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2271; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1353:
+#line 1426 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2271; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1354:
+#line 1427 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2267; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1355:
+#line 1428 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a7e; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1356:
+#line 1429 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a7e; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1357:
+#line 1430 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2275; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1358:
+#line 1431 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x226f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1359:
+#line 1432 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x226f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1360:
+#line 1433 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21ce; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1361:
+#line 1434 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21ae; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1362:
+#line 1435 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2af2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1363:
+#line 1436 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x220b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1364:
+#line 1437 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22fc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1365:
+#line 1438 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22fa; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1366:
+#line 1439 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x220b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1367:
+#line 1440 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x45a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1368:
+#line 1441 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21cd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1369:
+#line 1442 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2266; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1370:
+#line 1443 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x219a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1371:
+#line 1444 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2025; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1372:
+#line 1445 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2270; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1373:
+#line 1446 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x219a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1374:
+#line 1447 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21ae; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1375:
+#line 1448 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2270; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1376:
+#line 1449 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2266; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1377:
+#line 1450 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a7d; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1378:
+#line 1451 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a7d; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1379:
+#line 1452 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x226e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1380:
+#line 1453 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2274; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1381:
+#line 1454 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x226e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1382:
+#line 1455 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22ea; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1383:
+#line 1456 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22ec; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1384:
+#line 1457 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2224; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1385:
+#line 1458 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d55f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2180:
+#line 1459 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xac; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1387:
+#line 1460 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2209; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1388:
+#line 1461 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22f9; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1389:
+#line 1462 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22f5; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1390:
+#line 1463 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2209; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1391:
+#line 1464 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22f7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1392:
+#line 1465 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22f6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1393:
+#line 1466 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x220c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1394:
+#line 1467 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x220c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1395:
+#line 1468 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22fe; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1396:
+#line 1469 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22fd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1397:
+#line 1470 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2226; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1398:
+#line 1471 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2226; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1399:
+#line 1472 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2afd; output[1]=0x20e5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1400:
+#line 1473 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2202; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1401:
+#line 1474 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a14; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1402:
+#line 1475 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2280; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1403:
+#line 1476 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22e0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1404:
+#line 1477 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aaf; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1405:
+#line 1478 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2280; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1406:
+#line 1479 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aaf; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1407:
+#line 1480 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21cf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1408:
+#line 1481 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x219b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1409:
+#line 1482 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2933; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1410:
+#line 1483 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x219d; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1411:
+#line 1484 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x219b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1412:
+#line 1485 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22eb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1413:
+#line 1486 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22ed; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1414:
+#line 1487 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2281; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1415:
+#line 1488 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22e1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1416:
+#line 1489 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ab0; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1417:
+#line 1490 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4c3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1418:
+#line 1491 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2224; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1419:
+#line 1492 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2226; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1420:
+#line 1493 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2241; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1421:
+#line 1494 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2244; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1422:
+#line 1495 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2244; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1423:
+#line 1496 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2224; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1424:
+#line 1497 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2226; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1425:
+#line 1498 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22e2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1426:
+#line 1499 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22e3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1427:
+#line 1500 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2284; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1428:
+#line 1501 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ac5; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1429:
+#line 1502 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2288; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1430:
+#line 1503 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2282; output[1]=0x20d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1431:
+#line 1504 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2288; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1432:
+#line 1505 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ac5; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1433:
+#line 1506 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2281; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1434:
+#line 1507 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ab0; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1435:
+#line 1508 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2285; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1436:
+#line 1509 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ac6; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1437:
+#line 1510 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2289; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1438:
+#line 1511 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2283; output[1]=0x20d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1439:
+#line 1512 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2289; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1440:
+#line 1513 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ac6; output[1]=0x338; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1441:
+#line 1514 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2279; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2182:
+#line 1515 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xf1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1442:
+#line 1516 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2278; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1443:
+#line 1517 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22ea; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1444:
+#line 1518 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22ec; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1445:
+#line 1519 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22eb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1446:
+#line 1520 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22ed; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1447:
+#line 1521 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3bd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1448:
+#line 1522 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x23; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1449:
+#line 1523 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2116; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1450:
+#line 1524 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2007; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1451:
+#line 1525 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22ad; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1452:
+#line 1526 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2904; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1453:
+#line 1527 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x224d; output[1]=0x20d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1454:
+#line 1528 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22ac; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1455:
+#line 1529 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2265; output[1]=0x20d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1456:
+#line 1530 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3e; output[1]=0x20d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1457:
+#line 1531 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29de; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1458:
+#line 1532 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2902; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1459:
+#line 1533 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2264; output[1]=0x20d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1460:
+#line 1534 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3c; output[1]=0x20d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1461:
+#line 1535 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22b4; output[1]=0x20d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1462:
+#line 1536 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2903; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1463:
+#line 1537 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22b5; output[1]=0x20d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1464:
+#line 1538 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x223c; output[1]=0x20d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1465:
+#line 1539 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1466:
+#line 1540 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2923; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1467:
+#line 1541 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2196; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1468:
+#line 1542 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2196; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1469:
+#line 1543 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2927; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1470:
+#line 1544 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x24c8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2184:
+#line 1545 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xf3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1471:
+#line 1546 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x229b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1472:
+#line 1547 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x229a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2186:
+#line 1548 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xf4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1473:
+#line 1549 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x43e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1474:
+#line 1550 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x229d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1475:
+#line 1551 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x151; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1476:
+#line 1552 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a38; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1477:
+#line 1553 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2299; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1478:
+#line 1554 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29bc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1479:
+#line 1555 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x153; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1480:
+#line 1556 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29bf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1481:
+#line 1557 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d52c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1482:
+#line 1558 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2db; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2188:
+#line 1559 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xf2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1483:
+#line 1560 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29c1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1484:
+#line 1561 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29b5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1485:
+#line 1562 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3a9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1486:
+#line 1563 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x222e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1487:
+#line 1564 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21ba; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1488:
+#line 1565 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29be; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1489:
+#line 1566 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29bb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1490:
+#line 1567 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x203e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1491:
+#line 1568 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29c0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1492:
+#line 1569 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x14d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1493:
+#line 1570 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3c9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1494:
+#line 1571 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3bf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1495:
+#line 1572 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29b6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1496:
+#line 1573 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2296; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1497:
+#line 1574 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d560; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1498:
+#line 1575 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29b7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1499:
+#line 1576 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29b9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1500:
+#line 1577 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2295; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1501:
+#line 1578 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2228; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1502:
+#line 1579 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21bb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1503:
+#line 1580 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a5d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1504:
+#line 1581 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2134; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1505:
+#line 1582 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2134; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2190:
+#line 1583 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xaa; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2192:
+#line 1584 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xba; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1506:
+#line 1585 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22b6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1507:
+#line 1586 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a56; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1508:
+#line 1587 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a57; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1509:
+#line 1588 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a5b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1510:
+#line 1589 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2134; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2194:
+#line 1590 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xf8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1511:
+#line 1591 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2298; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2196:
+#line 1592 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xf5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1512:
+#line 1593 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2297; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1513:
+#line 1594 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a36; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2198:
+#line 1595 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xf6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1514:
+#line 1596 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x233d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1515:
+#line 1597 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2225; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2200:
+#line 1598 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xb6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1517:
+#line 1599 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2225; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1518:
+#line 1600 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2af3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1519:
+#line 1601 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2afd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1520:
+#line 1602 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2202; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1521:
+#line 1603 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x43f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1522:
+#line 1604 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1523:
+#line 1605 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1524:
+#line 1606 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2030; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1525:
+#line 1607 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22a5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1526:
+#line 1608 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2031; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1527:
+#line 1609 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d52d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1528:
+#line 1610 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3c6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1529:
+#line 1611 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3d5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1530:
+#line 1612 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2133; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1531:
+#line 1613 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x260e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1532:
+#line 1614 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3c0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1533:
+#line 1615 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22d4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1534:
+#line 1616 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3d6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1535:
+#line 1617 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x210f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1536:
+#line 1618 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x210e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1537:
+#line 1619 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x210f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1538:
+#line 1620 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1539:
+#line 1621 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a23; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1540:
+#line 1622 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x229e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1541:
+#line 1623 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a22; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1542:
+#line 1624 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2214; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1543:
+#line 1625 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a25; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1544:
+#line 1626 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a72; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2202:
+#line 1627 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xb1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1545:
+#line 1628 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a26; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1546:
+#line 1629 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a27; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1547:
+#line 1630 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xb1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1548:
+#line 1631 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a15; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1549:
+#line 1632 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d561; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2204:
+#line 1633 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xa3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1550:
+#line 1634 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x227a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1551:
+#line 1635 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ab3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1552:
+#line 1636 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ab7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1553:
+#line 1637 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x227c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1554:
+#line 1638 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aaf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1555:
+#line 1639 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x227a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1556:
+#line 1640 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ab7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1557:
+#line 1641 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x227c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1558:
+#line 1642 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aaf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1559:
+#line 1643 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ab9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1560:
+#line 1644 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ab5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1561:
+#line 1645 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22e8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1562:
+#line 1646 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x227e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1563:
+#line 1647 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2032; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1564:
+#line 1648 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2119; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1565:
+#line 1649 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ab5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1566:
+#line 1650 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ab9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1567:
+#line 1651 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22e8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1568:
+#line 1652 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x220f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1569:
+#line 1653 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x232e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1570:
+#line 1654 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2312; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1571:
+#line 1655 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2313; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1572:
+#line 1656 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x221d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1573:
+#line 1657 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x221d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1574:
+#line 1658 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x227e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1575:
+#line 1659 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22b0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1576:
+#line 1660 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4c5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1577:
+#line 1661 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3c8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1578:
+#line 1662 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2008; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1579:
+#line 1663 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d52e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1580:
+#line 1664 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a0c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1581:
+#line 1665 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d562; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1582:
+#line 1666 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2057; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1583:
+#line 1667 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4c6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1584:
+#line 1668 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x210d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1585:
+#line 1669 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a16; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1586:
+#line 1670 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1587:
+#line 1671 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x225f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2206:
+#line 1672 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1588:
+#line 1673 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21db; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1589:
+#line 1674 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1590:
+#line 1675 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x291c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1591:
+#line 1676 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x290f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1592:
+#line 1677 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2964; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1593:
+#line 1678 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x223d; output[1]=0x331; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1594:
+#line 1679 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x155; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1595:
+#line 1680 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x221a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1596:
+#line 1681 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29b3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1597:
+#line 1682 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27e9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1598:
+#line 1683 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2992; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1599:
+#line 1684 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29a5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1600:
+#line 1685 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27e9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2208:
+#line 1686 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xbb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1601:
+#line 1687 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2192; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1602:
+#line 1688 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2975; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1603:
+#line 1689 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21e5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1604:
+#line 1690 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2920; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1605:
+#line 1691 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2933; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1606:
+#line 1692 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x291e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1607:
+#line 1693 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21aa; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1608:
+#line 1694 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21ac; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1609:
+#line 1695 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2945; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1610:
+#line 1696 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2974; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1611:
+#line 1697 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21a3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1612:
+#line 1698 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x219d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1613:
+#line 1699 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x291a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1614:
+#line 1700 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2236; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1615:
+#line 1701 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x211a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1616:
+#line 1702 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x290d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1617:
+#line 1703 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2773; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1618:
+#line 1704 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x7d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1619:
+#line 1705 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x5d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1620:
+#line 1706 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x298c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1621:
+#line 1707 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x298e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1622:
+#line 1708 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2990; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1623:
+#line 1709 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x159; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1624:
+#line 1710 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x157; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1625:
+#line 1711 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2309; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1626:
+#line 1712 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x7d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1627:
+#line 1713 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x440; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1628:
+#line 1714 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2937; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1629:
+#line 1715 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2969; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1630:
+#line 1716 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x201d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1631:
+#line 1717 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x201d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1632:
+#line 1718 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21b3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1633:
+#line 1719 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x211c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1634:
+#line 1720 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x211b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1635:
+#line 1721 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x211c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1636:
+#line 1722 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x211d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1637:
+#line 1723 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25ad; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2210:
+#line 1724 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xae; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1638:
+#line 1725 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x297d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1639:
+#line 1726 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x230b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1640:
+#line 1727 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d52f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1641:
+#line 1728 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1642:
+#line 1729 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1643:
+#line 1730 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x296c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1644:
+#line 1731 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3c1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1645:
+#line 1732 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3f1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1646:
+#line 1733 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2192; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1647:
+#line 1734 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21a3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1648:
+#line 1735 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1649:
+#line 1736 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1650:
+#line 1737 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1651:
+#line 1738 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21cc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1652:
+#line 1739 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1653:
+#line 1740 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x219d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1654:
+#line 1741 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22cc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1655:
+#line 1742 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2da; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1656:
+#line 1743 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2253; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1657:
+#line 1744 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1658:
+#line 1745 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21cc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1659:
+#line 1746 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x200f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1660:
+#line 1747 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x23b1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1661:
+#line 1748 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x23b1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1662:
+#line 1749 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aee; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1663:
+#line 1750 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27ed; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1664:
+#line 1751 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21fe; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1665:
+#line 1752 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27e7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1666:
+#line 1753 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2986; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1667:
+#line 1754 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d563; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1668:
+#line 1755 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a2e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1669:
+#line 1756 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a35; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1670:
+#line 1757 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1671:
+#line 1758 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2994; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1672:
+#line 1759 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a12; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1673:
+#line 1760 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1674:
+#line 1761 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x203a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1675:
+#line 1762 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4c7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1676:
+#line 1763 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21b1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1677:
+#line 1764 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x5d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1678:
+#line 1765 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2019; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1679:
+#line 1766 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2019; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1680:
+#line 1767 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22cc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1681:
+#line 1768 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22ca; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1682:
+#line 1769 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25b9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1683:
+#line 1770 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22b5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1684:
+#line 1771 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25b8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1685:
+#line 1772 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29ce; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1686:
+#line 1773 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2968; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1687:
+#line 1774 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x211e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1688:
+#line 1775 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x15b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1689:
+#line 1776 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x201a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1690:
+#line 1777 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x227b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1691:
+#line 1778 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ab4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1692:
+#line 1779 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ab8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1693:
+#line 1780 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x161; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1694:
+#line 1781 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x227d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1695:
+#line 1782 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ab0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1696:
+#line 1783 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x15f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1697:
+#line 1784 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x15d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1698:
+#line 1785 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ab6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1699:
+#line 1786 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aba; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1700:
+#line 1787 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22e9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1701:
+#line 1788 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a13; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1702:
+#line 1789 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x227f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1703:
+#line 1790 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x441; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1704:
+#line 1791 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22c5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1705:
+#line 1792 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22a1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1706:
+#line 1793 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a66; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1707:
+#line 1794 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1708:
+#line 1795 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2925; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1709:
+#line 1796 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2198; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1710:
+#line 1797 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2198; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2212:
+#line 1798 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xa7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1711:
+#line 1799 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1712:
+#line 1800 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2929; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1713:
+#line 1801 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2216; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1714:
+#line 1802 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2216; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1715:
+#line 1803 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2736; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1716:
+#line 1804 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d530; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1717:
+#line 1805 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2322; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1718:
+#line 1806 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x266f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1719:
+#line 1807 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x449; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1720:
+#line 1808 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x448; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1721:
+#line 1809 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2223; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1722:
+#line 1810 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2225; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2214:
+#line 1811 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xad; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1723:
+#line 1812 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3c3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1724:
+#line 1813 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3c2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1725:
+#line 1814 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3c2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1726:
+#line 1815 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x223c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1727:
+#line 1816 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a6a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1728:
+#line 1817 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2243; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1729:
+#line 1818 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2243; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1730:
+#line 1819 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a9e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1731:
+#line 1820 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aa0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1732:
+#line 1821 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a9d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1733:
+#line 1822 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a9f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1734:
+#line 1823 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2246; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1735:
+#line 1824 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a24; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1736:
+#line 1825 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2972; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1737:
+#line 1826 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2190; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1738:
+#line 1827 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2216; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1739:
+#line 1828 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a33; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1740:
+#line 1829 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29e4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1741:
+#line 1830 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2223; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1742:
+#line 1831 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2323; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1743:
+#line 1832 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aaa; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1744:
+#line 1833 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aac; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1745:
+#line 1834 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aac; output[1]=0xfe00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1746:
+#line 1835 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x44c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1747:
+#line 1836 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1748:
+#line 1837 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29c4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1749:
+#line 1838 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x233f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1750:
+#line 1839 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d564; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1751:
+#line 1840 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2660; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1752:
+#line 1841 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2660; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1753:
+#line 1842 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2225; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1754:
+#line 1843 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2293; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1755:
+#line 1844 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2293; output[1]=0xfe00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1756:
+#line 1845 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2294; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1757:
+#line 1846 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2294; output[1]=0xfe00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1758:
+#line 1847 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x228f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1759:
+#line 1848 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2291; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1760:
+#line 1849 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x228f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1761:
+#line 1850 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2291; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1762:
+#line 1851 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2290; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1763:
+#line 1852 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2292; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1764:
+#line 1853 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2290; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1765:
+#line 1854 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2292; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1766:
+#line 1855 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25a1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1767:
+#line 1856 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25a1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1768:
+#line 1857 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25aa; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1769:
+#line 1858 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25aa; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1770:
+#line 1859 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2192; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1771:
+#line 1860 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4c8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1772:
+#line 1861 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2216; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1773:
+#line 1862 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2323; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1774:
+#line 1863 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22c6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1775:
+#line 1864 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2606; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1776:
+#line 1865 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2605; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1777:
+#line 1866 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3f5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1778:
+#line 1867 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3d5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1779:
+#line 1868 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xaf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1780:
+#line 1869 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2282; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1781:
+#line 1870 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ac5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1782:
+#line 1871 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2abd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1783:
+#line 1872 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2286; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1784:
+#line 1873 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ac3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1785:
+#line 1874 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ac1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1786:
+#line 1875 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2acb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1787:
+#line 1876 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x228a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1788:
+#line 1877 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2abf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1789:
+#line 1878 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2979; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1790:
+#line 1879 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2282; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1791:
+#line 1880 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2286; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1792:
+#line 1881 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ac5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1793:
+#line 1882 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x228a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1794:
+#line 1883 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2acb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1795:
+#line 1884 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ac7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1796:
+#line 1885 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ad5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1797:
+#line 1886 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ad3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1798:
+#line 1887 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x227b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1799:
+#line 1888 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ab8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1800:
+#line 1889 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x227d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1801:
+#line 1890 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ab0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1802:
+#line 1891 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2aba; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1803:
+#line 1892 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ab6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1804:
+#line 1893 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22e9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1805:
+#line 1894 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x227f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1806:
+#line 1895 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2211; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1807:
+#line 1896 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x266a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2216:
+#line 1897 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xb9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2218:
+#line 1898 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xb2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2220:
+#line 1899 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xb3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1808:
+#line 1900 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2283; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1809:
+#line 1901 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ac6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1810:
+#line 1902 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2abe; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1811:
+#line 1903 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ad8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1812:
+#line 1904 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2287; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1813:
+#line 1905 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ac4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1814:
+#line 1906 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27c9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1815:
+#line 1907 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ad7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1816:
+#line 1908 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x297b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1817:
+#line 1909 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ac2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1818:
+#line 1910 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2acc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1819:
+#line 1911 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x228b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1820:
+#line 1912 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ac0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1821:
+#line 1913 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2283; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1822:
+#line 1914 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2287; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1823:
+#line 1915 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ac6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1824:
+#line 1916 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x228b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1825:
+#line 1917 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2acc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1826:
+#line 1918 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ac8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1827:
+#line 1919 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ad4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1828:
+#line 1920 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ad6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1829:
+#line 1921 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1830:
+#line 1922 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2926; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1831:
+#line 1923 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2199; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1832:
+#line 1924 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2199; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1833:
+#line 1925 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x292a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2222:
+#line 1926 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xdf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1834:
+#line 1927 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2316; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1835:
+#line 1928 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3c4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1836:
+#line 1929 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x23b4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1837:
+#line 1930 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x165; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1838:
+#line 1931 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x163; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1839:
+#line 1932 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x442; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1840:
+#line 1933 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x20db; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1841:
+#line 1934 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2315; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1842:
+#line 1935 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d531; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1843:
+#line 1936 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2234; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1844:
+#line 1937 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2234; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1845:
+#line 1938 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3b8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1846:
+#line 1939 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3d1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1847:
+#line 1940 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3d1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1848:
+#line 1941 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2248; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1849:
+#line 1942 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x223c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1850:
+#line 1943 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2009; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1851:
+#line 1944 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2248; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1852:
+#line 1945 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x223c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2224:
+#line 1946 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xfe; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1853:
+#line 1947 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2dc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2226:
+#line 1948 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xd7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1855:
+#line 1949 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22a0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1856:
+#line 1950 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a31; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1857:
+#line 1951 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a30; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1858:
+#line 1952 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x222d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1859:
+#line 1953 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2928; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1860:
+#line 1954 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22a4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1861:
+#line 1955 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2336; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1862:
+#line 1956 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2af1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1863:
+#line 1957 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d565; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1864:
+#line 1958 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ada; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1865:
+#line 1959 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2929; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1866:
+#line 1960 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2034; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1867:
+#line 1961 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2122; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1868:
+#line 1962 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25b5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1869:
+#line 1963 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25bf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1870:
+#line 1964 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25c3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1871:
+#line 1965 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22b4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1872:
+#line 1966 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x225c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1873:
+#line 1967 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25b9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1874:
+#line 1968 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22b5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1875:
+#line 1969 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25ec; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1876:
+#line 1970 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x225c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1877:
+#line 1971 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a3a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1878:
+#line 1972 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a39; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1879:
+#line 1973 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29cd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1880:
+#line 1974 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a3b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1881:
+#line 1975 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x23e2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1882:
+#line 1976 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4c9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1883:
+#line 1977 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x446; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1884:
+#line 1978 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x45b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1885:
+#line 1979 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x167; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1886:
+#line 1980 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x226c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1887:
+#line 1981 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x219e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1888:
+#line 1982 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21a0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1889:
+#line 1983 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1890:
+#line 1984 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2963; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2228:
+#line 1985 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xfa; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1891:
+#line 1986 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2191; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1892:
+#line 1987 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x45e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1893:
+#line 1988 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x16d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2230:
+#line 1989 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xfb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1894:
+#line 1990 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x443; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1895:
+#line 1991 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1896:
+#line 1992 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x171; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1897:
+#line 1993 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x296e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1898:
+#line 1994 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x297e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1899:
+#line 1995 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d532; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2232:
+#line 1996 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xf9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1900:
+#line 1997 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21bf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1901:
+#line 1998 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21be; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1902:
+#line 1999 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2580; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1903:
+#line 2000 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x231c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1904:
+#line 2001 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x231c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1905:
+#line 2002 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x230f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1906:
+#line 2003 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25f8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1907:
+#line 2004 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x16b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2234:
+#line 2005 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xa8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1908:
+#line 2006 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x173; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1909:
+#line 2007 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d566; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1910:
+#line 2008 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2191; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1911:
+#line 2009 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2195; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1912:
+#line 2010 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21bf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1913:
+#line 2011 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21be; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1914:
+#line 2012 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x228e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1915:
+#line 2013 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3c5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1916:
+#line 2014 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1917:
+#line 2015 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3c5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1918:
+#line 2016 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1919:
+#line 2017 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x231d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1920:
+#line 2018 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x231d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1921:
+#line 2019 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x230e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1922:
+#line 2020 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x16f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1923:
+#line 2021 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25f9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1924:
+#line 2022 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4ca; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1925:
+#line 2023 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22f0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1926:
+#line 2024 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x169; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1927:
+#line 2025 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25b5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1928:
+#line 2026 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25b4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1929:
+#line 2027 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21c8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2236:
+#line 2028 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xfc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1930:
+#line 2029 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x29a7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1931:
+#line 2030 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21d5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1932:
+#line 2031 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ae8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1933:
+#line 2032 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2ae9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1934:
+#line 2033 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22a8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1935:
+#line 2034 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x299c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1936:
+#line 2035 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3f5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1937:
+#line 2036 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3f0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1938:
+#line 2037 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2205; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1939:
+#line 2038 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3d5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1940:
+#line 2039 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3d6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1941:
+#line 2040 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x221d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1942:
+#line 2041 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2195; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1943:
+#line 2042 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3f1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1944:
+#line 2043 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3c2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1945:
+#line 2044 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x228a; output[1]=0xfe00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1946:
+#line 2045 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2acb; output[1]=0xfe00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1947:
+#line 2046 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x228b; output[1]=0xfe00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1948:
+#line 2047 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2acc; output[1]=0xfe00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1949:
+#line 2048 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3d1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1950:
+#line 2049 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22b2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1951:
+#line 2050 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22b3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1952:
+#line 2051 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x432; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1953:
+#line 2052 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22a2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1954:
+#line 2053 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2228; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1955:
+#line 2054 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22bb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1956:
+#line 2055 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x225a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1957:
+#line 2056 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22ee; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1958:
+#line 2057 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x7c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1959:
+#line 2058 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x7c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1960:
+#line 2059 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d533; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1961:
+#line 2060 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22b2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1962:
+#line 2061 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2282; output[1]=0x20d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1963:
+#line 2062 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2283; output[1]=0x20d2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1964:
+#line 2063 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d567; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1965:
+#line 2064 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x221d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1966:
+#line 2065 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22b3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1967:
+#line 2066 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4cb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1968:
+#line 2067 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2acb; output[1]=0xfe00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1969:
+#line 2068 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x228a; output[1]=0xfe00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1970:
+#line 2069 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2acc; output[1]=0xfe00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1971:
+#line 2070 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x228b; output[1]=0xfe00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1972:
+#line 2071 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x299a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1973:
+#line 2072 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x175; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1974:
+#line 2073 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a5f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1975:
+#line 2074 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2227; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1976:
+#line 2075 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2259; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1977:
+#line 2076 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2118; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1978:
+#line 2077 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d534; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1979:
+#line 2078 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d568; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1980:
+#line 2079 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2118; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1981:
+#line 2080 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2240; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1982:
+#line 2081 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2240; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1983:
+#line 2082 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4cc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1984:
+#line 2083 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22c2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1985:
+#line 2084 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25ef; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1986:
+#line 2085 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22c3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1987:
+#line 2086 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25bd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1988:
+#line 2087 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d535; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1989:
+#line 2088 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27fa; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1990:
+#line 2089 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27f7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1991:
+#line 2090 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3be; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1992:
+#line 2091 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27f8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1993:
+#line 2092 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27f5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1994:
+#line 2093 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27fc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1995:
+#line 2094 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22fb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1996:
+#line 2095 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a00; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1997:
+#line 2096 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d569; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1998:
+#line 2097 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a01; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1999:
+#line 2098 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a02; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2000:
+#line 2099 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27f9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2001:
+#line 2100 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x27f6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2002:
+#line 2101 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4cd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2003:
+#line 2102 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a06; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2004:
+#line 2103 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2a04; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2005:
+#line 2104 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x25b3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2006:
+#line 2105 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22c1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2007:
+#line 2106 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x22c0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2238:
+#line 2107 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xfd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2008:
+#line 2108 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x44f; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2009:
+#line 2109 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x177; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2010:
+#line 2110 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x44b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2240:
+#line 2111 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xa5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2011:
+#line 2112 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d536; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2012:
+#line 2113 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x457; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2013:
+#line 2114 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d56a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2014:
+#line 2115 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4ce; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2015:
+#line 2116 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x44e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2242:
+#line 2117 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0xff; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2016:
+#line 2118 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x17a; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2017:
+#line 2119 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x17e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2018:
+#line 2120 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x437; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2019:
+#line 2121 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x17c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2020:
+#line 2122 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x2128; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2021:
+#line 2123 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x3b6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2022:
+#line 2124 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d537; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2023:
+#line 2125 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x436; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2024:
+#line 2126 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x21dd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2025:
+#line 2127 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d56b; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2026:
+#line 2128 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x1d4cf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2027:
+#line 2129 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x200d; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2028:
+#line 2130 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p+1;{output[0]=0x200c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2031:
+#line 6 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xc6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2033:
+#line 7 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0x26; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2035:
+#line 8 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xc1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2037:
+#line 10 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xc2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2039:
+#line 13 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xc0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2041:
+#line 20 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xc5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2043:
+#line 23 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xc3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2045:
+#line 24 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xc4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2047:
+#line 38 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xa9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2049:
+#line 44 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xc7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2051:
+#line 126 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xd0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2053:
+#line 127 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xc9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2055:
+#line 129 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xca; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2057:
+#line 133 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xc8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2059:
+#line 147 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xcb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2061:
+#line 159 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0x3e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2063:
+#line 194 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xcd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2065:
+#line 195 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xce; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2067:
+#line 199 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xcc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2069:
+#line 215 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xcf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2071:
+#line 232 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0x3c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2073:
+#line 368 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xd1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2075:
+#line 371 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xd3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2077:
+#line 372 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xd4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2079:
+#line 376 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xd2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2081:
+#line 385 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xd8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2083:
+#line 386 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xd5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2085:
+#line 388 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xd6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2087:
+#line 412 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0x22; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2089:
+#line 417 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xae; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2091:
+#line 500 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xde; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2093:
+#line 522 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xda; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2095:
+#line 527 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xdb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2097:
+#line 531 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xd9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2099:
+#line 557 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xdc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2101:
+#line 587 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xdd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2103:
+#line 604 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xe1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2105:
+#line 609 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xe2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2107:
+#line 610 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xb4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2109:
+#line 612 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xe6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2111:
+#line 615 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xe0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2113:
+#line 621 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0x26; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2115:
+#line 655 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xe5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2117:
+#line 660 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xe3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2119:
+#line 661 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xe4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2121:
+#line 765 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xa6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2123:
+#line 791 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xe7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2125:
+#line 796 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xb8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2127:
+#line 798 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xa2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2129:
+#line 836 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xa9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2131:
+#line 865 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xa4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2133:
+#line 888 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xb0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2135:
+#line 903 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xf7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2137:
+#line 939 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xe9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2139:
+#line 943 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xea; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2141:
+#line 951 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xe8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2143:
+#line 992 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xf0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2145:
+#line 993 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xeb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2147:
+#line 1017 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xbd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2149:
+#line 1019 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xbc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2151:
+#line 1025 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xbe; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2153:
+#line 1079 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0x3e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2155:
+#line 1122 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xed; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2157:
+#line 1124 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xee; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2159:
+#line 1127 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xa1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2161:
+#line 1130 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xec; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2163:
+#line 1160 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xbf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2165:
+#line 1171 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xef; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2167:
+#line 1205 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xab; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2169:
+#line 1326 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0x3c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2171:
+#line 1343 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xaf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2173:
+#line 1359 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xb5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2175:
+#line 1363 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xb7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2177:
+#line 1401 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xa0; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2179:
+#line 1459 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xac; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2181:
+#line 1515 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xf1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2183:
+#line 1545 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xf3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2185:
+#line 1548 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xf4; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2187:
+#line 1559 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xf2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2189:
+#line 1583 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xaa; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2191:
+#line 1584 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xba; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2193:
+#line 1590 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xf8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2195:
+#line 1592 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xf5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2197:
+#line 1595 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xf6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2199:
+#line 1598 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xb6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2201:
+#line 1627 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xb1; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2203:
+#line 1633 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xa3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2205:
+#line 1672 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0x22; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2207:
+#line 1686 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xbb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2209:
+#line 1724 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xae; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2211:
+#line 1798 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xa7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2213:
+#line 1811 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xad; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2215:
+#line 1897 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xb9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2217:
+#line 1898 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xb2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2219:
+#line 1899 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xb3; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2221:
+#line 1926 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xdf; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2223:
+#line 1946 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xfe; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2225:
+#line 1948 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xd7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2227:
+#line 1985 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xfa; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2229:
+#line 1989 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xfb; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2231:
+#line 1996 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xf9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2233:
+#line 2005 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xa8; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2235:
+#line 2028 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xfc; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2237:
+#line 2107 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xfd; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2239:
+#line 2111 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xa5; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 2241:
+#line 2117 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{te = p;p--;{output[0]=0xff; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 746:
+#line 798 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{{p = ((te))-1;}{output[0]=0xa2; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 784:
+#line 836 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{{p = ((te))-1;}{output[0]=0xa9; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 849:
+#line 903 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{{p = ((te))-1;}{output[0]=0xf7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1017:
+#line 1079 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{{p = ((te))-1;}{output[0]=0x3e; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1257:
+#line 1326 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{{p = ((te))-1;}{output[0]=0x3c; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1386:
+#line 1459 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{{p = ((te))-1;}{output[0]=0xac; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1516:
+#line 1598 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{{p = ((te))-1;}{output[0]=0xb6; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+	case 1854:
+#line 1948 "src/char_ref.rl"
+	{{p = ((te))-1;}{output[0]=0xd7; {p++; goto _out; }}}
+	break;
+#line 22193 "src/char_ref.c"
+	}
+
+_again:
+	switch ( _to_state_actions[cs] ) {
+	case 2029:
+#line 1 "NONE"
+	{ts = 0;}
+	break;
+#line 22202 "src/char_ref.c"
+	}
+
+	if ( cs == 0 )
+		goto _out;
+	if ( ++p != pe )
+		goto _resume;
+	_test_eof: {}
+	if ( p == eof )
+	{
+	if ( _eof_trans[cs] > 0 ) {
+		_trans = _eof_trans[cs] - 1;
+		goto _eof_trans;
+	}
+	}
+
+	_out: {}
+	}
+
+#line 2150 "src/char_ref.rl"
+  (void)ts;
+  (void)act;
+  size = p - str;
+  return cs >= 7623? size:0;
+}
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/char_ref.h b/gumbo-parser/src/char_ref.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..58ac82365e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/char_ref.h
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#ifndef GUMBO_CHAR_REF_H_
+#define GUMBO_CHAR_REF_H_
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+// Value that indicates no character was produced.
+#define kGumboNoChar (-1)
+
+// On input, str points to the start of the string to match and size is the
+// size of the string.
+//
+// Returns the length of the match or 0 if there is no match.
+// output[0] contains the first codepoint and output[1] contains the second if
+// there are two, otherwise output[1] contains kGumboNoChar.
+size_t match_named_char_ref (
+  const char *str,
+  size_t size,
+  int output[2]
+);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif // GUMBO_CHAR_REF_H_
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/char_ref.rl b/gumbo-parser/src/char_ref.rl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e9a73183d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/char_ref.rl
@@ -0,0 +1,2154 @@
+// Generated from <https://html.spec.whatwg.org/entities.json> by entities.rb
+#include "char_ref.h"
+%%{
+machine named_char_ref;
+named_char_ref := |*
+  'AElig' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xc6; fbreak;};
+  'AMP' . ';'? => {output[0]=0x26; fbreak;};
+  'Aacute' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xc1; fbreak;};
+  'Abreve;' => {output[0]=0x102; fbreak;};
+  'Acirc' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xc2; fbreak;};
+  'Acy;' => {output[0]=0x410; fbreak;};
+  'Afr;' => {output[0]=0x1d504; fbreak;};
+  'Agrave' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xc0; fbreak;};
+  'Alpha;' => {output[0]=0x391; fbreak;};
+  'Amacr;' => {output[0]=0x100; fbreak;};
+  'And;' => {output[0]=0x2a53; fbreak;};
+  'Aogon;' => {output[0]=0x104; fbreak;};
+  'Aopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d538; fbreak;};
+  'ApplyFunction;' => {output[0]=0x2061; fbreak;};
+  'Aring' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xc5; fbreak;};
+  'Ascr;' => {output[0]=0x1d49c; fbreak;};
+  'Assign;' => {output[0]=0x2254; fbreak;};
+  'Atilde' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xc3; fbreak;};
+  'Auml' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xc4; fbreak;};
+  'Backslash;' => {output[0]=0x2216; fbreak;};
+  'Barv;' => {output[0]=0x2ae7; fbreak;};
+  'Barwed;' => {output[0]=0x2306; fbreak;};
+  'Bcy;' => {output[0]=0x411; fbreak;};
+  'Because;' => {output[0]=0x2235; fbreak;};
+  'Bernoullis;' => {output[0]=0x212c; fbreak;};
+  'Beta;' => {output[0]=0x392; fbreak;};
+  'Bfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d505; fbreak;};
+  'Bopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d539; fbreak;};
+  'Breve;' => {output[0]=0x2d8; fbreak;};
+  'Bscr;' => {output[0]=0x212c; fbreak;};
+  'Bumpeq;' => {output[0]=0x224e; fbreak;};
+  'CHcy;' => {output[0]=0x427; fbreak;};
+  'COPY' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xa9; fbreak;};
+  'Cacute;' => {output[0]=0x106; fbreak;};
+  'Cap;' => {output[0]=0x22d2; fbreak;};
+  'CapitalDifferentialD;' => {output[0]=0x2145; fbreak;};
+  'Cayleys;' => {output[0]=0x212d; fbreak;};
+  'Ccaron;' => {output[0]=0x10c; fbreak;};
+  'Ccedil' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xc7; fbreak;};
+  'Ccirc;' => {output[0]=0x108; fbreak;};
+  'Cconint;' => {output[0]=0x2230; fbreak;};
+  'Cdot;' => {output[0]=0x10a; fbreak;};
+  'Cedilla;' => {output[0]=0xb8; fbreak;};
+  'CenterDot;' => {output[0]=0xb7; fbreak;};
+  'Cfr;' => {output[0]=0x212d; fbreak;};
+  'Chi;' => {output[0]=0x3a7; fbreak;};
+  'CircleDot;' => {output[0]=0x2299; fbreak;};
+  'CircleMinus;' => {output[0]=0x2296; fbreak;};
+  'CirclePlus;' => {output[0]=0x2295; fbreak;};
+  'CircleTimes;' => {output[0]=0x2297; fbreak;};
+  'ClockwiseContourIntegral;' => {output[0]=0x2232; fbreak;};
+  'CloseCurlyDoubleQuote;' => {output[0]=0x201d; fbreak;};
+  'CloseCurlyQuote;' => {output[0]=0x2019; fbreak;};
+  'Colon;' => {output[0]=0x2237; fbreak;};
+  'Colone;' => {output[0]=0x2a74; fbreak;};
+  'Congruent;' => {output[0]=0x2261; fbreak;};
+  'Conint;' => {output[0]=0x222f; fbreak;};
+  'ContourIntegral;' => {output[0]=0x222e; fbreak;};
+  'Copf;' => {output[0]=0x2102; fbreak;};
+  'Coproduct;' => {output[0]=0x2210; fbreak;};
+  'CounterClockwiseContourIntegral;' => {output[0]=0x2233; fbreak;};
+  'Cross;' => {output[0]=0x2a2f; fbreak;};
+  'Cscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d49e; fbreak;};
+  'Cup;' => {output[0]=0x22d3; fbreak;};
+  'CupCap;' => {output[0]=0x224d; fbreak;};
+  'DD;' => {output[0]=0x2145; fbreak;};
+  'DDotrahd;' => {output[0]=0x2911; fbreak;};
+  'DJcy;' => {output[0]=0x402; fbreak;};
+  'DScy;' => {output[0]=0x405; fbreak;};
+  'DZcy;' => {output[0]=0x40f; fbreak;};
+  'Dagger;' => {output[0]=0x2021; fbreak;};
+  'Darr;' => {output[0]=0x21a1; fbreak;};
+  'Dashv;' => {output[0]=0x2ae4; fbreak;};
+  'Dcaron;' => {output[0]=0x10e; fbreak;};
+  'Dcy;' => {output[0]=0x414; fbreak;};
+  'Del;' => {output[0]=0x2207; fbreak;};
+  'Delta;' => {output[0]=0x394; fbreak;};
+  'Dfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d507; fbreak;};
+  'DiacriticalAcute;' => {output[0]=0xb4; fbreak;};
+  'DiacriticalDot;' => {output[0]=0x2d9; fbreak;};
+  'DiacriticalDoubleAcute;' => {output[0]=0x2dd; fbreak;};
+  'DiacriticalGrave;' => {output[0]=0x60; fbreak;};
+  'DiacriticalTilde;' => {output[0]=0x2dc; fbreak;};
+  'Diamond;' => {output[0]=0x22c4; fbreak;};
+  'DifferentialD;' => {output[0]=0x2146; fbreak;};
+  'Dopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d53b; fbreak;};
+  'Dot;' => {output[0]=0xa8; fbreak;};
+  'DotDot;' => {output[0]=0x20dc; fbreak;};
+  'DotEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2250; fbreak;};
+  'DoubleContourIntegral;' => {output[0]=0x222f; fbreak;};
+  'DoubleDot;' => {output[0]=0xa8; fbreak;};
+  'DoubleDownArrow;' => {output[0]=0x21d3; fbreak;};
+  'DoubleLeftArrow;' => {output[0]=0x21d0; fbreak;};
+  'DoubleLeftRightArrow;' => {output[0]=0x21d4; fbreak;};
+  'DoubleLeftTee;' => {output[0]=0x2ae4; fbreak;};
+  'DoubleLongLeftArrow;' => {output[0]=0x27f8; fbreak;};
+  'DoubleLongLeftRightArrow;' => {output[0]=0x27fa; fbreak;};
+  'DoubleLongRightArrow;' => {output[0]=0x27f9; fbreak;};
+  'DoubleRightArrow;' => {output[0]=0x21d2; fbreak;};
+  'DoubleRightTee;' => {output[0]=0x22a8; fbreak;};
+  'DoubleUpArrow;' => {output[0]=0x21d1; fbreak;};
+  'DoubleUpDownArrow;' => {output[0]=0x21d5; fbreak;};
+  'DoubleVerticalBar;' => {output[0]=0x2225; fbreak;};
+  'DownArrow;' => {output[0]=0x2193; fbreak;};
+  'DownArrowBar;' => {output[0]=0x2913; fbreak;};
+  'DownArrowUpArrow;' => {output[0]=0x21f5; fbreak;};
+  'DownBreve;' => {output[0]=0x311; fbreak;};
+  'DownLeftRightVector;' => {output[0]=0x2950; fbreak;};
+  'DownLeftTeeVector;' => {output[0]=0x295e; fbreak;};
+  'DownLeftVector;' => {output[0]=0x21bd; fbreak;};
+  'DownLeftVectorBar;' => {output[0]=0x2956; fbreak;};
+  'DownRightTeeVector;' => {output[0]=0x295f; fbreak;};
+  'DownRightVector;' => {output[0]=0x21c1; fbreak;};
+  'DownRightVectorBar;' => {output[0]=0x2957; fbreak;};
+  'DownTee;' => {output[0]=0x22a4; fbreak;};
+  'DownTeeArrow;' => {output[0]=0x21a7; fbreak;};
+  'Downarrow;' => {output[0]=0x21d3; fbreak;};
+  'Dscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d49f; fbreak;};
+  'Dstrok;' => {output[0]=0x110; fbreak;};
+  'ENG;' => {output[0]=0x14a; fbreak;};
+  'ETH' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xd0; fbreak;};
+  'Eacute' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xc9; fbreak;};
+  'Ecaron;' => {output[0]=0x11a; fbreak;};
+  'Ecirc' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xca; fbreak;};
+  'Ecy;' => {output[0]=0x42d; fbreak;};
+  'Edot;' => {output[0]=0x116; fbreak;};
+  'Efr;' => {output[0]=0x1d508; fbreak;};
+  'Egrave' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xc8; fbreak;};
+  'Element;' => {output[0]=0x2208; fbreak;};
+  'Emacr;' => {output[0]=0x112; fbreak;};
+  'EmptySmallSquare;' => {output[0]=0x25fb; fbreak;};
+  'EmptyVerySmallSquare;' => {output[0]=0x25ab; fbreak;};
+  'Eogon;' => {output[0]=0x118; fbreak;};
+  'Eopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d53c; fbreak;};
+  'Epsilon;' => {output[0]=0x395; fbreak;};
+  'Equal;' => {output[0]=0x2a75; fbreak;};
+  'EqualTilde;' => {output[0]=0x2242; fbreak;};
+  'Equilibrium;' => {output[0]=0x21cc; fbreak;};
+  'Escr;' => {output[0]=0x2130; fbreak;};
+  'Esim;' => {output[0]=0x2a73; fbreak;};
+  'Eta;' => {output[0]=0x397; fbreak;};
+  'Euml' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xcb; fbreak;};
+  'Exists;' => {output[0]=0x2203; fbreak;};
+  'ExponentialE;' => {output[0]=0x2147; fbreak;};
+  'Fcy;' => {output[0]=0x424; fbreak;};
+  'Ffr;' => {output[0]=0x1d509; fbreak;};
+  'FilledSmallSquare;' => {output[0]=0x25fc; fbreak;};
+  'FilledVerySmallSquare;' => {output[0]=0x25aa; fbreak;};
+  'Fopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d53d; fbreak;};
+  'ForAll;' => {output[0]=0x2200; fbreak;};
+  'Fouriertrf;' => {output[0]=0x2131; fbreak;};
+  'Fscr;' => {output[0]=0x2131; fbreak;};
+  'GJcy;' => {output[0]=0x403; fbreak;};
+  'GT' . ';'? => {output[0]=0x3e; fbreak;};
+  'Gamma;' => {output[0]=0x393; fbreak;};
+  'Gammad;' => {output[0]=0x3dc; fbreak;};
+  'Gbreve;' => {output[0]=0x11e; fbreak;};
+  'Gcedil;' => {output[0]=0x122; fbreak;};
+  'Gcirc;' => {output[0]=0x11c; fbreak;};
+  'Gcy;' => {output[0]=0x413; fbreak;};
+  'Gdot;' => {output[0]=0x120; fbreak;};
+  'Gfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d50a; fbreak;};
+  'Gg;' => {output[0]=0x22d9; fbreak;};
+  'Gopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d53e; fbreak;};
+  'GreaterEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2265; fbreak;};
+  'GreaterEqualLess;' => {output[0]=0x22db; fbreak;};
+  'GreaterFullEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2267; fbreak;};
+  'GreaterGreater;' => {output[0]=0x2aa2; fbreak;};
+  'GreaterLess;' => {output[0]=0x2277; fbreak;};
+  'GreaterSlantEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2a7e; fbreak;};
+  'GreaterTilde;' => {output[0]=0x2273; fbreak;};
+  'Gscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4a2; fbreak;};
+  'Gt;' => {output[0]=0x226b; fbreak;};
+  'HARDcy;' => {output[0]=0x42a; fbreak;};
+  'Hacek;' => {output[0]=0x2c7; fbreak;};
+  'Hat;' => {output[0]=0x5e; fbreak;};
+  'Hcirc;' => {output[0]=0x124; fbreak;};
+  'Hfr;' => {output[0]=0x210c; fbreak;};
+  'HilbertSpace;' => {output[0]=0x210b; fbreak;};
+  'Hopf;' => {output[0]=0x210d; fbreak;};
+  'HorizontalLine;' => {output[0]=0x2500; fbreak;};
+  'Hscr;' => {output[0]=0x210b; fbreak;};
+  'Hstrok;' => {output[0]=0x126; fbreak;};
+  'HumpDownHump;' => {output[0]=0x224e; fbreak;};
+  'HumpEqual;' => {output[0]=0x224f; fbreak;};
+  'IEcy;' => {output[0]=0x415; fbreak;};
+  'IJlig;' => {output[0]=0x132; fbreak;};
+  'IOcy;' => {output[0]=0x401; fbreak;};
+  'Iacute' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xcd; fbreak;};
+  'Icirc' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xce; fbreak;};
+  'Icy;' => {output[0]=0x418; fbreak;};
+  'Idot;' => {output[0]=0x130; fbreak;};
+  'Ifr;' => {output[0]=0x2111; fbreak;};
+  'Igrave' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xcc; fbreak;};
+  'Im;' => {output[0]=0x2111; fbreak;};
+  'Imacr;' => {output[0]=0x12a; fbreak;};
+  'ImaginaryI;' => {output[0]=0x2148; fbreak;};
+  'Implies;' => {output[0]=0x21d2; fbreak;};
+  'Int;' => {output[0]=0x222c; fbreak;};
+  'Integral;' => {output[0]=0x222b; fbreak;};
+  'Intersection;' => {output[0]=0x22c2; fbreak;};
+  'InvisibleComma;' => {output[0]=0x2063; fbreak;};
+  'InvisibleTimes;' => {output[0]=0x2062; fbreak;};
+  'Iogon;' => {output[0]=0x12e; fbreak;};
+  'Iopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d540; fbreak;};
+  'Iota;' => {output[0]=0x399; fbreak;};
+  'Iscr;' => {output[0]=0x2110; fbreak;};
+  'Itilde;' => {output[0]=0x128; fbreak;};
+  'Iukcy;' => {output[0]=0x406; fbreak;};
+  'Iuml' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xcf; fbreak;};
+  'Jcirc;' => {output[0]=0x134; fbreak;};
+  'Jcy;' => {output[0]=0x419; fbreak;};
+  'Jfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d50d; fbreak;};
+  'Jopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d541; fbreak;};
+  'Jscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4a5; fbreak;};
+  'Jsercy;' => {output[0]=0x408; fbreak;};
+  'Jukcy;' => {output[0]=0x404; fbreak;};
+  'KHcy;' => {output[0]=0x425; fbreak;};
+  'KJcy;' => {output[0]=0x40c; fbreak;};
+  'Kappa;' => {output[0]=0x39a; fbreak;};
+  'Kcedil;' => {output[0]=0x136; fbreak;};
+  'Kcy;' => {output[0]=0x41a; fbreak;};
+  'Kfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d50e; fbreak;};
+  'Kopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d542; fbreak;};
+  'Kscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4a6; fbreak;};
+  'LJcy;' => {output[0]=0x409; fbreak;};
+  'LT' . ';'? => {output[0]=0x3c; fbreak;};
+  'Lacute;' => {output[0]=0x139; fbreak;};
+  'Lambda;' => {output[0]=0x39b; fbreak;};
+  'Lang;' => {output[0]=0x27ea; fbreak;};
+  'Laplacetrf;' => {output[0]=0x2112; fbreak;};
+  'Larr;' => {output[0]=0x219e; fbreak;};
+  'Lcaron;' => {output[0]=0x13d; fbreak;};
+  'Lcedil;' => {output[0]=0x13b; fbreak;};
+  'Lcy;' => {output[0]=0x41b; fbreak;};
+  'LeftAngleBracket;' => {output[0]=0x27e8; fbreak;};
+  'LeftArrow;' => {output[0]=0x2190; fbreak;};
+  'LeftArrowBar;' => {output[0]=0x21e4; fbreak;};
+  'LeftArrowRightArrow;' => {output[0]=0x21c6; fbreak;};
+  'LeftCeiling;' => {output[0]=0x2308; fbreak;};
+  'LeftDoubleBracket;' => {output[0]=0x27e6; fbreak;};
+  'LeftDownTeeVector;' => {output[0]=0x2961; fbreak;};
+  'LeftDownVector;' => {output[0]=0x21c3; fbreak;};
+  'LeftDownVectorBar;' => {output[0]=0x2959; fbreak;};
+  'LeftFloor;' => {output[0]=0x230a; fbreak;};
+  'LeftRightArrow;' => {output[0]=0x2194; fbreak;};
+  'LeftRightVector;' => {output[0]=0x294e; fbreak;};
+  'LeftTee;' => {output[0]=0x22a3; fbreak;};
+  'LeftTeeArrow;' => {output[0]=0x21a4; fbreak;};
+  'LeftTeeVector;' => {output[0]=0x295a; fbreak;};
+  'LeftTriangle;' => {output[0]=0x22b2; fbreak;};
+  'LeftTriangleBar;' => {output[0]=0x29cf; fbreak;};
+  'LeftTriangleEqual;' => {output[0]=0x22b4; fbreak;};
+  'LeftUpDownVector;' => {output[0]=0x2951; fbreak;};
+  'LeftUpTeeVector;' => {output[0]=0x2960; fbreak;};
+  'LeftUpVector;' => {output[0]=0x21bf; fbreak;};
+  'LeftUpVectorBar;' => {output[0]=0x2958; fbreak;};
+  'LeftVector;' => {output[0]=0x21bc; fbreak;};
+  'LeftVectorBar;' => {output[0]=0x2952; fbreak;};
+  'Leftarrow;' => {output[0]=0x21d0; fbreak;};
+  'Leftrightarrow;' => {output[0]=0x21d4; fbreak;};
+  'LessEqualGreater;' => {output[0]=0x22da; fbreak;};
+  'LessFullEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2266; fbreak;};
+  'LessGreater;' => {output[0]=0x2276; fbreak;};
+  'LessLess;' => {output[0]=0x2aa1; fbreak;};
+  'LessSlantEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2a7d; fbreak;};
+  'LessTilde;' => {output[0]=0x2272; fbreak;};
+  'Lfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d50f; fbreak;};
+  'Ll;' => {output[0]=0x22d8; fbreak;};
+  'Lleftarrow;' => {output[0]=0x21da; fbreak;};
+  'Lmidot;' => {output[0]=0x13f; fbreak;};
+  'LongLeftArrow;' => {output[0]=0x27f5; fbreak;};
+  'LongLeftRightArrow;' => {output[0]=0x27f7; fbreak;};
+  'LongRightArrow;' => {output[0]=0x27f6; fbreak;};
+  'Longleftarrow;' => {output[0]=0x27f8; fbreak;};
+  'Longleftrightarrow;' => {output[0]=0x27fa; fbreak;};
+  'Longrightarrow;' => {output[0]=0x27f9; fbreak;};
+  'Lopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d543; fbreak;};
+  'LowerLeftArrow;' => {output[0]=0x2199; fbreak;};
+  'LowerRightArrow;' => {output[0]=0x2198; fbreak;};
+  'Lscr;' => {output[0]=0x2112; fbreak;};
+  'Lsh;' => {output[0]=0x21b0; fbreak;};
+  'Lstrok;' => {output[0]=0x141; fbreak;};
+  'Lt;' => {output[0]=0x226a; fbreak;};
+  'Map;' => {output[0]=0x2905; fbreak;};
+  'Mcy;' => {output[0]=0x41c; fbreak;};
+  'MediumSpace;' => {output[0]=0x205f; fbreak;};
+  'Mellintrf;' => {output[0]=0x2133; fbreak;};
+  'Mfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d510; fbreak;};
+  'MinusPlus;' => {output[0]=0x2213; fbreak;};
+  'Mopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d544; fbreak;};
+  'Mscr;' => {output[0]=0x2133; fbreak;};
+  'Mu;' => {output[0]=0x39c; fbreak;};
+  'NJcy;' => {output[0]=0x40a; fbreak;};
+  'Nacute;' => {output[0]=0x143; fbreak;};
+  'Ncaron;' => {output[0]=0x147; fbreak;};
+  'Ncedil;' => {output[0]=0x145; fbreak;};
+  'Ncy;' => {output[0]=0x41d; fbreak;};
+  'NegativeMediumSpace;' => {output[0]=0x200b; fbreak;};
+  'NegativeThickSpace;' => {output[0]=0x200b; fbreak;};
+  'NegativeThinSpace;' => {output[0]=0x200b; fbreak;};
+  'NegativeVeryThinSpace;' => {output[0]=0x200b; fbreak;};
+  'NestedGreaterGreater;' => {output[0]=0x226b; fbreak;};
+  'NestedLessLess;' => {output[0]=0x226a; fbreak;};
+  'NewLine;' => {output[0]=0x0a; fbreak;};
+  'Nfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d511; fbreak;};
+  'NoBreak;' => {output[0]=0x2060; fbreak;};
+  'NonBreakingSpace;' => {output[0]=0xa0; fbreak;};
+  'Nopf;' => {output[0]=0x2115; fbreak;};
+  'Not;' => {output[0]=0x2aec; fbreak;};
+  'NotCongruent;' => {output[0]=0x2262; fbreak;};
+  'NotCupCap;' => {output[0]=0x226d; fbreak;};
+  'NotDoubleVerticalBar;' => {output[0]=0x2226; fbreak;};
+  'NotElement;' => {output[0]=0x2209; fbreak;};
+  'NotEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2260; fbreak;};
+  'NotEqualTilde;' => {output[0]=0x2242; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'NotExists;' => {output[0]=0x2204; fbreak;};
+  'NotGreater;' => {output[0]=0x226f; fbreak;};
+  'NotGreaterEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2271; fbreak;};
+  'NotGreaterFullEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2267; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'NotGreaterGreater;' => {output[0]=0x226b; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'NotGreaterLess;' => {output[0]=0x2279; fbreak;};
+  'NotGreaterSlantEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2a7e; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'NotGreaterTilde;' => {output[0]=0x2275; fbreak;};
+  'NotHumpDownHump;' => {output[0]=0x224e; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'NotHumpEqual;' => {output[0]=0x224f; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'NotLeftTriangle;' => {output[0]=0x22ea; fbreak;};
+  'NotLeftTriangleBar;' => {output[0]=0x29cf; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'NotLeftTriangleEqual;' => {output[0]=0x22ec; fbreak;};
+  'NotLess;' => {output[0]=0x226e; fbreak;};
+  'NotLessEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2270; fbreak;};
+  'NotLessGreater;' => {output[0]=0x2278; fbreak;};
+  'NotLessLess;' => {output[0]=0x226a; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'NotLessSlantEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2a7d; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'NotLessTilde;' => {output[0]=0x2274; fbreak;};
+  'NotNestedGreaterGreater;' => {output[0]=0x2aa2; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'NotNestedLessLess;' => {output[0]=0x2aa1; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'NotPrecedes;' => {output[0]=0x2280; fbreak;};
+  'NotPrecedesEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2aaf; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'NotPrecedesSlantEqual;' => {output[0]=0x22e0; fbreak;};
+  'NotReverseElement;' => {output[0]=0x220c; fbreak;};
+  'NotRightTriangle;' => {output[0]=0x22eb; fbreak;};
+  'NotRightTriangleBar;' => {output[0]=0x29d0; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'NotRightTriangleEqual;' => {output[0]=0x22ed; fbreak;};
+  'NotSquareSubset;' => {output[0]=0x228f; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'NotSquareSubsetEqual;' => {output[0]=0x22e2; fbreak;};
+  'NotSquareSuperset;' => {output[0]=0x2290; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'NotSquareSupersetEqual;' => {output[0]=0x22e3; fbreak;};
+  'NotSubset;' => {output[0]=0x2282; output[1]=0x20d2; fbreak;};
+  'NotSubsetEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2288; fbreak;};
+  'NotSucceeds;' => {output[0]=0x2281; fbreak;};
+  'NotSucceedsEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2ab0; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'NotSucceedsSlantEqual;' => {output[0]=0x22e1; fbreak;};
+  'NotSucceedsTilde;' => {output[0]=0x227f; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'NotSuperset;' => {output[0]=0x2283; output[1]=0x20d2; fbreak;};
+  'NotSupersetEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2289; fbreak;};
+  'NotTilde;' => {output[0]=0x2241; fbreak;};
+  'NotTildeEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2244; fbreak;};
+  'NotTildeFullEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2247; fbreak;};
+  'NotTildeTilde;' => {output[0]=0x2249; fbreak;};
+  'NotVerticalBar;' => {output[0]=0x2224; fbreak;};
+  'Nscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4a9; fbreak;};
+  'Ntilde' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xd1; fbreak;};
+  'Nu;' => {output[0]=0x39d; fbreak;};
+  'OElig;' => {output[0]=0x152; fbreak;};
+  'Oacute' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xd3; fbreak;};
+  'Ocirc' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xd4; fbreak;};
+  'Ocy;' => {output[0]=0x41e; fbreak;};
+  'Odblac;' => {output[0]=0x150; fbreak;};
+  'Ofr;' => {output[0]=0x1d512; fbreak;};
+  'Ograve' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xd2; fbreak;};
+  'Omacr;' => {output[0]=0x14c; fbreak;};
+  'Omega;' => {output[0]=0x3a9; fbreak;};
+  'Omicron;' => {output[0]=0x39f; fbreak;};
+  'Oopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d546; fbreak;};
+  'OpenCurlyDoubleQuote;' => {output[0]=0x201c; fbreak;};
+  'OpenCurlyQuote;' => {output[0]=0x2018; fbreak;};
+  'Or;' => {output[0]=0x2a54; fbreak;};
+  'Oscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4aa; fbreak;};
+  'Oslash' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xd8; fbreak;};
+  'Otilde' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xd5; fbreak;};
+  'Otimes;' => {output[0]=0x2a37; fbreak;};
+  'Ouml' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xd6; fbreak;};
+  'OverBar;' => {output[0]=0x203e; fbreak;};
+  'OverBrace;' => {output[0]=0x23de; fbreak;};
+  'OverBracket;' => {output[0]=0x23b4; fbreak;};
+  'OverParenthesis;' => {output[0]=0x23dc; fbreak;};
+  'PartialD;' => {output[0]=0x2202; fbreak;};
+  'Pcy;' => {output[0]=0x41f; fbreak;};
+  'Pfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d513; fbreak;};
+  'Phi;' => {output[0]=0x3a6; fbreak;};
+  'Pi;' => {output[0]=0x3a0; fbreak;};
+  'PlusMinus;' => {output[0]=0xb1; fbreak;};
+  'Poincareplane;' => {output[0]=0x210c; fbreak;};
+  'Popf;' => {output[0]=0x2119; fbreak;};
+  'Pr;' => {output[0]=0x2abb; fbreak;};
+  'Precedes;' => {output[0]=0x227a; fbreak;};
+  'PrecedesEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2aaf; fbreak;};
+  'PrecedesSlantEqual;' => {output[0]=0x227c; fbreak;};
+  'PrecedesTilde;' => {output[0]=0x227e; fbreak;};
+  'Prime;' => {output[0]=0x2033; fbreak;};
+  'Product;' => {output[0]=0x220f; fbreak;};
+  'Proportion;' => {output[0]=0x2237; fbreak;};
+  'Proportional;' => {output[0]=0x221d; fbreak;};
+  'Pscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4ab; fbreak;};
+  'Psi;' => {output[0]=0x3a8; fbreak;};
+  'QUOT' . ';'? => {output[0]=0x22; fbreak;};
+  'Qfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d514; fbreak;};
+  'Qopf;' => {output[0]=0x211a; fbreak;};
+  'Qscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4ac; fbreak;};
+  'RBarr;' => {output[0]=0x2910; fbreak;};
+  'REG' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xae; fbreak;};
+  'Racute;' => {output[0]=0x154; fbreak;};
+  'Rang;' => {output[0]=0x27eb; fbreak;};
+  'Rarr;' => {output[0]=0x21a0; fbreak;};
+  'Rarrtl;' => {output[0]=0x2916; fbreak;};
+  'Rcaron;' => {output[0]=0x158; fbreak;};
+  'Rcedil;' => {output[0]=0x156; fbreak;};
+  'Rcy;' => {output[0]=0x420; fbreak;};
+  'Re;' => {output[0]=0x211c; fbreak;};
+  'ReverseElement;' => {output[0]=0x220b; fbreak;};
+  'ReverseEquilibrium;' => {output[0]=0x21cb; fbreak;};
+  'ReverseUpEquilibrium;' => {output[0]=0x296f; fbreak;};
+  'Rfr;' => {output[0]=0x211c; fbreak;};
+  'Rho;' => {output[0]=0x3a1; fbreak;};
+  'RightAngleBracket;' => {output[0]=0x27e9; fbreak;};
+  'RightArrow;' => {output[0]=0x2192; fbreak;};
+  'RightArrowBar;' => {output[0]=0x21e5; fbreak;};
+  'RightArrowLeftArrow;' => {output[0]=0x21c4; fbreak;};
+  'RightCeiling;' => {output[0]=0x2309; fbreak;};
+  'RightDoubleBracket;' => {output[0]=0x27e7; fbreak;};
+  'RightDownTeeVector;' => {output[0]=0x295d; fbreak;};
+  'RightDownVector;' => {output[0]=0x21c2; fbreak;};
+  'RightDownVectorBar;' => {output[0]=0x2955; fbreak;};
+  'RightFloor;' => {output[0]=0x230b; fbreak;};
+  'RightTee;' => {output[0]=0x22a2; fbreak;};
+  'RightTeeArrow;' => {output[0]=0x21a6; fbreak;};
+  'RightTeeVector;' => {output[0]=0x295b; fbreak;};
+  'RightTriangle;' => {output[0]=0x22b3; fbreak;};
+  'RightTriangleBar;' => {output[0]=0x29d0; fbreak;};
+  'RightTriangleEqual;' => {output[0]=0x22b5; fbreak;};
+  'RightUpDownVector;' => {output[0]=0x294f; fbreak;};
+  'RightUpTeeVector;' => {output[0]=0x295c; fbreak;};
+  'RightUpVector;' => {output[0]=0x21be; fbreak;};
+  'RightUpVectorBar;' => {output[0]=0x2954; fbreak;};
+  'RightVector;' => {output[0]=0x21c0; fbreak;};
+  'RightVectorBar;' => {output[0]=0x2953; fbreak;};
+  'Rightarrow;' => {output[0]=0x21d2; fbreak;};
+  'Ropf;' => {output[0]=0x211d; fbreak;};
+  'RoundImplies;' => {output[0]=0x2970; fbreak;};
+  'Rrightarrow;' => {output[0]=0x21db; fbreak;};
+  'Rscr;' => {output[0]=0x211b; fbreak;};
+  'Rsh;' => {output[0]=0x21b1; fbreak;};
+  'RuleDelayed;' => {output[0]=0x29f4; fbreak;};
+  'SHCHcy;' => {output[0]=0x429; fbreak;};
+  'SHcy;' => {output[0]=0x428; fbreak;};
+  'SOFTcy;' => {output[0]=0x42c; fbreak;};
+  'Sacute;' => {output[0]=0x15a; fbreak;};
+  'Sc;' => {output[0]=0x2abc; fbreak;};
+  'Scaron;' => {output[0]=0x160; fbreak;};
+  'Scedil;' => {output[0]=0x15e; fbreak;};
+  'Scirc;' => {output[0]=0x15c; fbreak;};
+  'Scy;' => {output[0]=0x421; fbreak;};
+  'Sfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d516; fbreak;};
+  'ShortDownArrow;' => {output[0]=0x2193; fbreak;};
+  'ShortLeftArrow;' => {output[0]=0x2190; fbreak;};
+  'ShortRightArrow;' => {output[0]=0x2192; fbreak;};
+  'ShortUpArrow;' => {output[0]=0x2191; fbreak;};
+  'Sigma;' => {output[0]=0x3a3; fbreak;};
+  'SmallCircle;' => {output[0]=0x2218; fbreak;};
+  'Sopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d54a; fbreak;};
+  'Sqrt;' => {output[0]=0x221a; fbreak;};
+  'Square;' => {output[0]=0x25a1; fbreak;};
+  'SquareIntersection;' => {output[0]=0x2293; fbreak;};
+  'SquareSubset;' => {output[0]=0x228f; fbreak;};
+  'SquareSubsetEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2291; fbreak;};
+  'SquareSuperset;' => {output[0]=0x2290; fbreak;};
+  'SquareSupersetEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2292; fbreak;};
+  'SquareUnion;' => {output[0]=0x2294; fbreak;};
+  'Sscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4ae; fbreak;};
+  'Star;' => {output[0]=0x22c6; fbreak;};
+  'Sub;' => {output[0]=0x22d0; fbreak;};
+  'Subset;' => {output[0]=0x22d0; fbreak;};
+  'SubsetEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2286; fbreak;};
+  'Succeeds;' => {output[0]=0x227b; fbreak;};
+  'SucceedsEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2ab0; fbreak;};
+  'SucceedsSlantEqual;' => {output[0]=0x227d; fbreak;};
+  'SucceedsTilde;' => {output[0]=0x227f; fbreak;};
+  'SuchThat;' => {output[0]=0x220b; fbreak;};
+  'Sum;' => {output[0]=0x2211; fbreak;};
+  'Sup;' => {output[0]=0x22d1; fbreak;};
+  'Superset;' => {output[0]=0x2283; fbreak;};
+  'SupersetEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2287; fbreak;};
+  'Supset;' => {output[0]=0x22d1; fbreak;};
+  'THORN' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xde; fbreak;};
+  'TRADE;' => {output[0]=0x2122; fbreak;};
+  'TSHcy;' => {output[0]=0x40b; fbreak;};
+  'TScy;' => {output[0]=0x426; fbreak;};
+  'Tab;' => {output[0]=0x09; fbreak;};
+  'Tau;' => {output[0]=0x3a4; fbreak;};
+  'Tcaron;' => {output[0]=0x164; fbreak;};
+  'Tcedil;' => {output[0]=0x162; fbreak;};
+  'Tcy;' => {output[0]=0x422; fbreak;};
+  'Tfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d517; fbreak;};
+  'Therefore;' => {output[0]=0x2234; fbreak;};
+  'Theta;' => {output[0]=0x398; fbreak;};
+  'ThickSpace;' => {output[0]=0x205f; output[1]=0x200a; fbreak;};
+  'ThinSpace;' => {output[0]=0x2009; fbreak;};
+  'Tilde;' => {output[0]=0x223c; fbreak;};
+  'TildeEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2243; fbreak;};
+  'TildeFullEqual;' => {output[0]=0x2245; fbreak;};
+  'TildeTilde;' => {output[0]=0x2248; fbreak;};
+  'Topf;' => {output[0]=0x1d54b; fbreak;};
+  'TripleDot;' => {output[0]=0x20db; fbreak;};
+  'Tscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4af; fbreak;};
+  'Tstrok;' => {output[0]=0x166; fbreak;};
+  'Uacute' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xda; fbreak;};
+  'Uarr;' => {output[0]=0x219f; fbreak;};
+  'Uarrocir;' => {output[0]=0x2949; fbreak;};
+  'Ubrcy;' => {output[0]=0x40e; fbreak;};
+  'Ubreve;' => {output[0]=0x16c; fbreak;};
+  'Ucirc' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xdb; fbreak;};
+  'Ucy;' => {output[0]=0x423; fbreak;};
+  'Udblac;' => {output[0]=0x170; fbreak;};
+  'Ufr;' => {output[0]=0x1d518; fbreak;};
+  'Ugrave' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xd9; fbreak;};
+  'Umacr;' => {output[0]=0x16a; fbreak;};
+  'UnderBar;' => {output[0]=0x5f; fbreak;};
+  'UnderBrace;' => {output[0]=0x23df; fbreak;};
+  'UnderBracket;' => {output[0]=0x23b5; fbreak;};
+  'UnderParenthesis;' => {output[0]=0x23dd; fbreak;};
+  'Union;' => {output[0]=0x22c3; fbreak;};
+  'UnionPlus;' => {output[0]=0x228e; fbreak;};
+  'Uogon;' => {output[0]=0x172; fbreak;};
+  'Uopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d54c; fbreak;};
+  'UpArrow;' => {output[0]=0x2191; fbreak;};
+  'UpArrowBar;' => {output[0]=0x2912; fbreak;};
+  'UpArrowDownArrow;' => {output[0]=0x21c5; fbreak;};
+  'UpDownArrow;' => {output[0]=0x2195; fbreak;};
+  'UpEquilibrium;' => {output[0]=0x296e; fbreak;};
+  'UpTee;' => {output[0]=0x22a5; fbreak;};
+  'UpTeeArrow;' => {output[0]=0x21a5; fbreak;};
+  'Uparrow;' => {output[0]=0x21d1; fbreak;};
+  'Updownarrow;' => {output[0]=0x21d5; fbreak;};
+  'UpperLeftArrow;' => {output[0]=0x2196; fbreak;};
+  'UpperRightArrow;' => {output[0]=0x2197; fbreak;};
+  'Upsi;' => {output[0]=0x3d2; fbreak;};
+  'Upsilon;' => {output[0]=0x3a5; fbreak;};
+  'Uring;' => {output[0]=0x16e; fbreak;};
+  'Uscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4b0; fbreak;};
+  'Utilde;' => {output[0]=0x168; fbreak;};
+  'Uuml' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xdc; fbreak;};
+  'VDash;' => {output[0]=0x22ab; fbreak;};
+  'Vbar;' => {output[0]=0x2aeb; fbreak;};
+  'Vcy;' => {output[0]=0x412; fbreak;};
+  'Vdash;' => {output[0]=0x22a9; fbreak;};
+  'Vdashl;' => {output[0]=0x2ae6; fbreak;};
+  'Vee;' => {output[0]=0x22c1; fbreak;};
+  'Verbar;' => {output[0]=0x2016; fbreak;};
+  'Vert;' => {output[0]=0x2016; fbreak;};
+  'VerticalBar;' => {output[0]=0x2223; fbreak;};
+  'VerticalLine;' => {output[0]=0x7c; fbreak;};
+  'VerticalSeparator;' => {output[0]=0x2758; fbreak;};
+  'VerticalTilde;' => {output[0]=0x2240; fbreak;};
+  'VeryThinSpace;' => {output[0]=0x200a; fbreak;};
+  'Vfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d519; fbreak;};
+  'Vopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d54d; fbreak;};
+  'Vscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4b1; fbreak;};
+  'Vvdash;' => {output[0]=0x22aa; fbreak;};
+  'Wcirc;' => {output[0]=0x174; fbreak;};
+  'Wedge;' => {output[0]=0x22c0; fbreak;};
+  'Wfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d51a; fbreak;};
+  'Wopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d54e; fbreak;};
+  'Wscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4b2; fbreak;};
+  'Xfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d51b; fbreak;};
+  'Xi;' => {output[0]=0x39e; fbreak;};
+  'Xopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d54f; fbreak;};
+  'Xscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4b3; fbreak;};
+  'YAcy;' => {output[0]=0x42f; fbreak;};
+  'YIcy;' => {output[0]=0x407; fbreak;};
+  'YUcy;' => {output[0]=0x42e; fbreak;};
+  'Yacute' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xdd; fbreak;};
+  'Ycirc;' => {output[0]=0x176; fbreak;};
+  'Ycy;' => {output[0]=0x42b; fbreak;};
+  'Yfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d51c; fbreak;};
+  'Yopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d550; fbreak;};
+  'Yscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4b4; fbreak;};
+  'Yuml;' => {output[0]=0x178; fbreak;};
+  'ZHcy;' => {output[0]=0x416; fbreak;};
+  'Zacute;' => {output[0]=0x179; fbreak;};
+  'Zcaron;' => {output[0]=0x17d; fbreak;};
+  'Zcy;' => {output[0]=0x417; fbreak;};
+  'Zdot;' => {output[0]=0x17b; fbreak;};
+  'ZeroWidthSpace;' => {output[0]=0x200b; fbreak;};
+  'Zeta;' => {output[0]=0x396; fbreak;};
+  'Zfr;' => {output[0]=0x2128; fbreak;};
+  'Zopf;' => {output[0]=0x2124; fbreak;};
+  'Zscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4b5; fbreak;};
+  'aacute' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xe1; fbreak;};
+  'abreve;' => {output[0]=0x103; fbreak;};
+  'ac;' => {output[0]=0x223e; fbreak;};
+  'acE;' => {output[0]=0x223e; output[1]=0x333; fbreak;};
+  'acd;' => {output[0]=0x223f; fbreak;};
+  'acirc' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xe2; fbreak;};
+  'acute' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xb4; fbreak;};
+  'acy;' => {output[0]=0x430; fbreak;};
+  'aelig' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xe6; fbreak;};
+  'af;' => {output[0]=0x2061; fbreak;};
+  'afr;' => {output[0]=0x1d51e; fbreak;};
+  'agrave' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xe0; fbreak;};
+  'alefsym;' => {output[0]=0x2135; fbreak;};
+  'aleph;' => {output[0]=0x2135; fbreak;};
+  'alpha;' => {output[0]=0x3b1; fbreak;};
+  'amacr;' => {output[0]=0x101; fbreak;};
+  'amalg;' => {output[0]=0x2a3f; fbreak;};
+  'amp' . ';'? => {output[0]=0x26; fbreak;};
+  'and;' => {output[0]=0x2227; fbreak;};
+  'andand;' => {output[0]=0x2a55; fbreak;};
+  'andd;' => {output[0]=0x2a5c; fbreak;};
+  'andslope;' => {output[0]=0x2a58; fbreak;};
+  'andv;' => {output[0]=0x2a5a; fbreak;};
+  'ang;' => {output[0]=0x2220; fbreak;};
+  'ange;' => {output[0]=0x29a4; fbreak;};
+  'angle;' => {output[0]=0x2220; fbreak;};
+  'angmsd;' => {output[0]=0x2221; fbreak;};
+  'angmsdaa;' => {output[0]=0x29a8; fbreak;};
+  'angmsdab;' => {output[0]=0x29a9; fbreak;};
+  'angmsdac;' => {output[0]=0x29aa; fbreak;};
+  'angmsdad;' => {output[0]=0x29ab; fbreak;};
+  'angmsdae;' => {output[0]=0x29ac; fbreak;};
+  'angmsdaf;' => {output[0]=0x29ad; fbreak;};
+  'angmsdag;' => {output[0]=0x29ae; fbreak;};
+  'angmsdah;' => {output[0]=0x29af; fbreak;};
+  'angrt;' => {output[0]=0x221f; fbreak;};
+  'angrtvb;' => {output[0]=0x22be; fbreak;};
+  'angrtvbd;' => {output[0]=0x299d; fbreak;};
+  'angsph;' => {output[0]=0x2222; fbreak;};
+  'angst;' => {output[0]=0xc5; fbreak;};
+  'angzarr;' => {output[0]=0x237c; fbreak;};
+  'aogon;' => {output[0]=0x105; fbreak;};
+  'aopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d552; fbreak;};
+  'ap;' => {output[0]=0x2248; fbreak;};
+  'apE;' => {output[0]=0x2a70; fbreak;};
+  'apacir;' => {output[0]=0x2a6f; fbreak;};
+  'ape;' => {output[0]=0x224a; fbreak;};
+  'apid;' => {output[0]=0x224b; fbreak;};
+  'apos;' => {output[0]=0x27; fbreak;};
+  'approx;' => {output[0]=0x2248; fbreak;};
+  'approxeq;' => {output[0]=0x224a; fbreak;};
+  'aring' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xe5; fbreak;};
+  'ascr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4b6; fbreak;};
+  'ast;' => {output[0]=0x2a; fbreak;};
+  'asymp;' => {output[0]=0x2248; fbreak;};
+  'asympeq;' => {output[0]=0x224d; fbreak;};
+  'atilde' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xe3; fbreak;};
+  'auml' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xe4; fbreak;};
+  'awconint;' => {output[0]=0x2233; fbreak;};
+  'awint;' => {output[0]=0x2a11; fbreak;};
+  'bNot;' => {output[0]=0x2aed; fbreak;};
+  'backcong;' => {output[0]=0x224c; fbreak;};
+  'backepsilon;' => {output[0]=0x3f6; fbreak;};
+  'backprime;' => {output[0]=0x2035; fbreak;};
+  'backsim;' => {output[0]=0x223d; fbreak;};
+  'backsimeq;' => {output[0]=0x22cd; fbreak;};
+  'barvee;' => {output[0]=0x22bd; fbreak;};
+  'barwed;' => {output[0]=0x2305; fbreak;};
+  'barwedge;' => {output[0]=0x2305; fbreak;};
+  'bbrk;' => {output[0]=0x23b5; fbreak;};
+  'bbrktbrk;' => {output[0]=0x23b6; fbreak;};
+  'bcong;' => {output[0]=0x224c; fbreak;};
+  'bcy;' => {output[0]=0x431; fbreak;};
+  'bdquo;' => {output[0]=0x201e; fbreak;};
+  'becaus;' => {output[0]=0x2235; fbreak;};
+  'because;' => {output[0]=0x2235; fbreak;};
+  'bemptyv;' => {output[0]=0x29b0; fbreak;};
+  'bepsi;' => {output[0]=0x3f6; fbreak;};
+  'bernou;' => {output[0]=0x212c; fbreak;};
+  'beta;' => {output[0]=0x3b2; fbreak;};
+  'beth;' => {output[0]=0x2136; fbreak;};
+  'between;' => {output[0]=0x226c; fbreak;};
+  'bfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d51f; fbreak;};
+  'bigcap;' => {output[0]=0x22c2; fbreak;};
+  'bigcirc;' => {output[0]=0x25ef; fbreak;};
+  'bigcup;' => {output[0]=0x22c3; fbreak;};
+  'bigodot;' => {output[0]=0x2a00; fbreak;};
+  'bigoplus;' => {output[0]=0x2a01; fbreak;};
+  'bigotimes;' => {output[0]=0x2a02; fbreak;};
+  'bigsqcup;' => {output[0]=0x2a06; fbreak;};
+  'bigstar;' => {output[0]=0x2605; fbreak;};
+  'bigtriangledown;' => {output[0]=0x25bd; fbreak;};
+  'bigtriangleup;' => {output[0]=0x25b3; fbreak;};
+  'biguplus;' => {output[0]=0x2a04; fbreak;};
+  'bigvee;' => {output[0]=0x22c1; fbreak;};
+  'bigwedge;' => {output[0]=0x22c0; fbreak;};
+  'bkarow;' => {output[0]=0x290d; fbreak;};
+  'blacklozenge;' => {output[0]=0x29eb; fbreak;};
+  'blacksquare;' => {output[0]=0x25aa; fbreak;};
+  'blacktriangle;' => {output[0]=0x25b4; fbreak;};
+  'blacktriangledown;' => {output[0]=0x25be; fbreak;};
+  'blacktriangleleft;' => {output[0]=0x25c2; fbreak;};
+  'blacktriangleright;' => {output[0]=0x25b8; fbreak;};
+  'blank;' => {output[0]=0x2423; fbreak;};
+  'blk12;' => {output[0]=0x2592; fbreak;};
+  'blk14;' => {output[0]=0x2591; fbreak;};
+  'blk34;' => {output[0]=0x2593; fbreak;};
+  'block;' => {output[0]=0x2588; fbreak;};
+  'bne;' => {output[0]=0x3d; output[1]=0x20e5; fbreak;};
+  'bnequiv;' => {output[0]=0x2261; output[1]=0x20e5; fbreak;};
+  'bnot;' => {output[0]=0x2310; fbreak;};
+  'bopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d553; fbreak;};
+  'bot;' => {output[0]=0x22a5; fbreak;};
+  'bottom;' => {output[0]=0x22a5; fbreak;};
+  'bowtie;' => {output[0]=0x22c8; fbreak;};
+  'boxDL;' => {output[0]=0x2557; fbreak;};
+  'boxDR;' => {output[0]=0x2554; fbreak;};
+  'boxDl;' => {output[0]=0x2556; fbreak;};
+  'boxDr;' => {output[0]=0x2553; fbreak;};
+  'boxH;' => {output[0]=0x2550; fbreak;};
+  'boxHD;' => {output[0]=0x2566; fbreak;};
+  'boxHU;' => {output[0]=0x2569; fbreak;};
+  'boxHd;' => {output[0]=0x2564; fbreak;};
+  'boxHu;' => {output[0]=0x2567; fbreak;};
+  'boxUL;' => {output[0]=0x255d; fbreak;};
+  'boxUR;' => {output[0]=0x255a; fbreak;};
+  'boxUl;' => {output[0]=0x255c; fbreak;};
+  'boxUr;' => {output[0]=0x2559; fbreak;};
+  'boxV;' => {output[0]=0x2551; fbreak;};
+  'boxVH;' => {output[0]=0x256c; fbreak;};
+  'boxVL;' => {output[0]=0x2563; fbreak;};
+  'boxVR;' => {output[0]=0x2560; fbreak;};
+  'boxVh;' => {output[0]=0x256b; fbreak;};
+  'boxVl;' => {output[0]=0x2562; fbreak;};
+  'boxVr;' => {output[0]=0x255f; fbreak;};
+  'boxbox;' => {output[0]=0x29c9; fbreak;};
+  'boxdL;' => {output[0]=0x2555; fbreak;};
+  'boxdR;' => {output[0]=0x2552; fbreak;};
+  'boxdl;' => {output[0]=0x2510; fbreak;};
+  'boxdr;' => {output[0]=0x250c; fbreak;};
+  'boxh;' => {output[0]=0x2500; fbreak;};
+  'boxhD;' => {output[0]=0x2565; fbreak;};
+  'boxhU;' => {output[0]=0x2568; fbreak;};
+  'boxhd;' => {output[0]=0x252c; fbreak;};
+  'boxhu;' => {output[0]=0x2534; fbreak;};
+  'boxminus;' => {output[0]=0x229f; fbreak;};
+  'boxplus;' => {output[0]=0x229e; fbreak;};
+  'boxtimes;' => {output[0]=0x22a0; fbreak;};
+  'boxuL;' => {output[0]=0x255b; fbreak;};
+  'boxuR;' => {output[0]=0x2558; fbreak;};
+  'boxul;' => {output[0]=0x2518; fbreak;};
+  'boxur;' => {output[0]=0x2514; fbreak;};
+  'boxv;' => {output[0]=0x2502; fbreak;};
+  'boxvH;' => {output[0]=0x256a; fbreak;};
+  'boxvL;' => {output[0]=0x2561; fbreak;};
+  'boxvR;' => {output[0]=0x255e; fbreak;};
+  'boxvh;' => {output[0]=0x253c; fbreak;};
+  'boxvl;' => {output[0]=0x2524; fbreak;};
+  'boxvr;' => {output[0]=0x251c; fbreak;};
+  'bprime;' => {output[0]=0x2035; fbreak;};
+  'breve;' => {output[0]=0x2d8; fbreak;};
+  'brvbar' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xa6; fbreak;};
+  'bscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4b7; fbreak;};
+  'bsemi;' => {output[0]=0x204f; fbreak;};
+  'bsim;' => {output[0]=0x223d; fbreak;};
+  'bsime;' => {output[0]=0x22cd; fbreak;};
+  'bsol;' => {output[0]=0x5c; fbreak;};
+  'bsolb;' => {output[0]=0x29c5; fbreak;};
+  'bsolhsub;' => {output[0]=0x27c8; fbreak;};
+  'bull;' => {output[0]=0x2022; fbreak;};
+  'bullet;' => {output[0]=0x2022; fbreak;};
+  'bump;' => {output[0]=0x224e; fbreak;};
+  'bumpE;' => {output[0]=0x2aae; fbreak;};
+  'bumpe;' => {output[0]=0x224f; fbreak;};
+  'bumpeq;' => {output[0]=0x224f; fbreak;};
+  'cacute;' => {output[0]=0x107; fbreak;};
+  'cap;' => {output[0]=0x2229; fbreak;};
+  'capand;' => {output[0]=0x2a44; fbreak;};
+  'capbrcup;' => {output[0]=0x2a49; fbreak;};
+  'capcap;' => {output[0]=0x2a4b; fbreak;};
+  'capcup;' => {output[0]=0x2a47; fbreak;};
+  'capdot;' => {output[0]=0x2a40; fbreak;};
+  'caps;' => {output[0]=0x2229; output[1]=0xfe00; fbreak;};
+  'caret;' => {output[0]=0x2041; fbreak;};
+  'caron;' => {output[0]=0x2c7; fbreak;};
+  'ccaps;' => {output[0]=0x2a4d; fbreak;};
+  'ccaron;' => {output[0]=0x10d; fbreak;};
+  'ccedil' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xe7; fbreak;};
+  'ccirc;' => {output[0]=0x109; fbreak;};
+  'ccups;' => {output[0]=0x2a4c; fbreak;};
+  'ccupssm;' => {output[0]=0x2a50; fbreak;};
+  'cdot;' => {output[0]=0x10b; fbreak;};
+  'cedil' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xb8; fbreak;};
+  'cemptyv;' => {output[0]=0x29b2; fbreak;};
+  'cent' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xa2; fbreak;};
+  'centerdot;' => {output[0]=0xb7; fbreak;};
+  'cfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d520; fbreak;};
+  'chcy;' => {output[0]=0x447; fbreak;};
+  'check;' => {output[0]=0x2713; fbreak;};
+  'checkmark;' => {output[0]=0x2713; fbreak;};
+  'chi;' => {output[0]=0x3c7; fbreak;};
+  'cir;' => {output[0]=0x25cb; fbreak;};
+  'cirE;' => {output[0]=0x29c3; fbreak;};
+  'circ;' => {output[0]=0x2c6; fbreak;};
+  'circeq;' => {output[0]=0x2257; fbreak;};
+  'circlearrowleft;' => {output[0]=0x21ba; fbreak;};
+  'circlearrowright;' => {output[0]=0x21bb; fbreak;};
+  'circledR;' => {output[0]=0xae; fbreak;};
+  'circledS;' => {output[0]=0x24c8; fbreak;};
+  'circledast;' => {output[0]=0x229b; fbreak;};
+  'circledcirc;' => {output[0]=0x229a; fbreak;};
+  'circleddash;' => {output[0]=0x229d; fbreak;};
+  'cire;' => {output[0]=0x2257; fbreak;};
+  'cirfnint;' => {output[0]=0x2a10; fbreak;};
+  'cirmid;' => {output[0]=0x2aef; fbreak;};
+  'cirscir;' => {output[0]=0x29c2; fbreak;};
+  'clubs;' => {output[0]=0x2663; fbreak;};
+  'clubsuit;' => {output[0]=0x2663; fbreak;};
+  'colon;' => {output[0]=0x3a; fbreak;};
+  'colone;' => {output[0]=0x2254; fbreak;};
+  'coloneq;' => {output[0]=0x2254; fbreak;};
+  'comma;' => {output[0]=0x2c; fbreak;};
+  'commat;' => {output[0]=0x40; fbreak;};
+  'comp;' => {output[0]=0x2201; fbreak;};
+  'compfn;' => {output[0]=0x2218; fbreak;};
+  'complement;' => {output[0]=0x2201; fbreak;};
+  'complexes;' => {output[0]=0x2102; fbreak;};
+  'cong;' => {output[0]=0x2245; fbreak;};
+  'congdot;' => {output[0]=0x2a6d; fbreak;};
+  'conint;' => {output[0]=0x222e; fbreak;};
+  'copf;' => {output[0]=0x1d554; fbreak;};
+  'coprod;' => {output[0]=0x2210; fbreak;};
+  'copy' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xa9; fbreak;};
+  'copysr;' => {output[0]=0x2117; fbreak;};
+  'crarr;' => {output[0]=0x21b5; fbreak;};
+  'cross;' => {output[0]=0x2717; fbreak;};
+  'cscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4b8; fbreak;};
+  'csub;' => {output[0]=0x2acf; fbreak;};
+  'csube;' => {output[0]=0x2ad1; fbreak;};
+  'csup;' => {output[0]=0x2ad0; fbreak;};
+  'csupe;' => {output[0]=0x2ad2; fbreak;};
+  'ctdot;' => {output[0]=0x22ef; fbreak;};
+  'cudarrl;' => {output[0]=0x2938; fbreak;};
+  'cudarrr;' => {output[0]=0x2935; fbreak;};
+  'cuepr;' => {output[0]=0x22de; fbreak;};
+  'cuesc;' => {output[0]=0x22df; fbreak;};
+  'cularr;' => {output[0]=0x21b6; fbreak;};
+  'cularrp;' => {output[0]=0x293d; fbreak;};
+  'cup;' => {output[0]=0x222a; fbreak;};
+  'cupbrcap;' => {output[0]=0x2a48; fbreak;};
+  'cupcap;' => {output[0]=0x2a46; fbreak;};
+  'cupcup;' => {output[0]=0x2a4a; fbreak;};
+  'cupdot;' => {output[0]=0x228d; fbreak;};
+  'cupor;' => {output[0]=0x2a45; fbreak;};
+  'cups;' => {output[0]=0x222a; output[1]=0xfe00; fbreak;};
+  'curarr;' => {output[0]=0x21b7; fbreak;};
+  'curarrm;' => {output[0]=0x293c; fbreak;};
+  'curlyeqprec;' => {output[0]=0x22de; fbreak;};
+  'curlyeqsucc;' => {output[0]=0x22df; fbreak;};
+  'curlyvee;' => {output[0]=0x22ce; fbreak;};
+  'curlywedge;' => {output[0]=0x22cf; fbreak;};
+  'curren' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xa4; fbreak;};
+  'curvearrowleft;' => {output[0]=0x21b6; fbreak;};
+  'curvearrowright;' => {output[0]=0x21b7; fbreak;};
+  'cuvee;' => {output[0]=0x22ce; fbreak;};
+  'cuwed;' => {output[0]=0x22cf; fbreak;};
+  'cwconint;' => {output[0]=0x2232; fbreak;};
+  'cwint;' => {output[0]=0x2231; fbreak;};
+  'cylcty;' => {output[0]=0x232d; fbreak;};
+  'dArr;' => {output[0]=0x21d3; fbreak;};
+  'dHar;' => {output[0]=0x2965; fbreak;};
+  'dagger;' => {output[0]=0x2020; fbreak;};
+  'daleth;' => {output[0]=0x2138; fbreak;};
+  'darr;' => {output[0]=0x2193; fbreak;};
+  'dash;' => {output[0]=0x2010; fbreak;};
+  'dashv;' => {output[0]=0x22a3; fbreak;};
+  'dbkarow;' => {output[0]=0x290f; fbreak;};
+  'dblac;' => {output[0]=0x2dd; fbreak;};
+  'dcaron;' => {output[0]=0x10f; fbreak;};
+  'dcy;' => {output[0]=0x434; fbreak;};
+  'dd;' => {output[0]=0x2146; fbreak;};
+  'ddagger;' => {output[0]=0x2021; fbreak;};
+  'ddarr;' => {output[0]=0x21ca; fbreak;};
+  'ddotseq;' => {output[0]=0x2a77; fbreak;};
+  'deg' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xb0; fbreak;};
+  'delta;' => {output[0]=0x3b4; fbreak;};
+  'demptyv;' => {output[0]=0x29b1; fbreak;};
+  'dfisht;' => {output[0]=0x297f; fbreak;};
+  'dfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d521; fbreak;};
+  'dharl;' => {output[0]=0x21c3; fbreak;};
+  'dharr;' => {output[0]=0x21c2; fbreak;};
+  'diam;' => {output[0]=0x22c4; fbreak;};
+  'diamond;' => {output[0]=0x22c4; fbreak;};
+  'diamondsuit;' => {output[0]=0x2666; fbreak;};
+  'diams;' => {output[0]=0x2666; fbreak;};
+  'die;' => {output[0]=0xa8; fbreak;};
+  'digamma;' => {output[0]=0x3dd; fbreak;};
+  'disin;' => {output[0]=0x22f2; fbreak;};
+  'div;' => {output[0]=0xf7; fbreak;};
+  'divide' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xf7; fbreak;};
+  'divideontimes;' => {output[0]=0x22c7; fbreak;};
+  'divonx;' => {output[0]=0x22c7; fbreak;};
+  'djcy;' => {output[0]=0x452; fbreak;};
+  'dlcorn;' => {output[0]=0x231e; fbreak;};
+  'dlcrop;' => {output[0]=0x230d; fbreak;};
+  'dollar;' => {output[0]=0x24; fbreak;};
+  'dopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d555; fbreak;};
+  'dot;' => {output[0]=0x2d9; fbreak;};
+  'doteq;' => {output[0]=0x2250; fbreak;};
+  'doteqdot;' => {output[0]=0x2251; fbreak;};
+  'dotminus;' => {output[0]=0x2238; fbreak;};
+  'dotplus;' => {output[0]=0x2214; fbreak;};
+  'dotsquare;' => {output[0]=0x22a1; fbreak;};
+  'doublebarwedge;' => {output[0]=0x2306; fbreak;};
+  'downarrow;' => {output[0]=0x2193; fbreak;};
+  'downdownarrows;' => {output[0]=0x21ca; fbreak;};
+  'downharpoonleft;' => {output[0]=0x21c3; fbreak;};
+  'downharpoonright;' => {output[0]=0x21c2; fbreak;};
+  'drbkarow;' => {output[0]=0x2910; fbreak;};
+  'drcorn;' => {output[0]=0x231f; fbreak;};
+  'drcrop;' => {output[0]=0x230c; fbreak;};
+  'dscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4b9; fbreak;};
+  'dscy;' => {output[0]=0x455; fbreak;};
+  'dsol;' => {output[0]=0x29f6; fbreak;};
+  'dstrok;' => {output[0]=0x111; fbreak;};
+  'dtdot;' => {output[0]=0x22f1; fbreak;};
+  'dtri;' => {output[0]=0x25bf; fbreak;};
+  'dtrif;' => {output[0]=0x25be; fbreak;};
+  'duarr;' => {output[0]=0x21f5; fbreak;};
+  'duhar;' => {output[0]=0x296f; fbreak;};
+  'dwangle;' => {output[0]=0x29a6; fbreak;};
+  'dzcy;' => {output[0]=0x45f; fbreak;};
+  'dzigrarr;' => {output[0]=0x27ff; fbreak;};
+  'eDDot;' => {output[0]=0x2a77; fbreak;};
+  'eDot;' => {output[0]=0x2251; fbreak;};
+  'eacute' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xe9; fbreak;};
+  'easter;' => {output[0]=0x2a6e; fbreak;};
+  'ecaron;' => {output[0]=0x11b; fbreak;};
+  'ecir;' => {output[0]=0x2256; fbreak;};
+  'ecirc' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xea; fbreak;};
+  'ecolon;' => {output[0]=0x2255; fbreak;};
+  'ecy;' => {output[0]=0x44d; fbreak;};
+  'edot;' => {output[0]=0x117; fbreak;};
+  'ee;' => {output[0]=0x2147; fbreak;};
+  'efDot;' => {output[0]=0x2252; fbreak;};
+  'efr;' => {output[0]=0x1d522; fbreak;};
+  'eg;' => {output[0]=0x2a9a; fbreak;};
+  'egrave' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xe8; fbreak;};
+  'egs;' => {output[0]=0x2a96; fbreak;};
+  'egsdot;' => {output[0]=0x2a98; fbreak;};
+  'el;' => {output[0]=0x2a99; fbreak;};
+  'elinters;' => {output[0]=0x23e7; fbreak;};
+  'ell;' => {output[0]=0x2113; fbreak;};
+  'els;' => {output[0]=0x2a95; fbreak;};
+  'elsdot;' => {output[0]=0x2a97; fbreak;};
+  'emacr;' => {output[0]=0x113; fbreak;};
+  'empty;' => {output[0]=0x2205; fbreak;};
+  'emptyset;' => {output[0]=0x2205; fbreak;};
+  'emptyv;' => {output[0]=0x2205; fbreak;};
+  'emsp13;' => {output[0]=0x2004; fbreak;};
+  'emsp14;' => {output[0]=0x2005; fbreak;};
+  'emsp;' => {output[0]=0x2003; fbreak;};
+  'eng;' => {output[0]=0x14b; fbreak;};
+  'ensp;' => {output[0]=0x2002; fbreak;};
+  'eogon;' => {output[0]=0x119; fbreak;};
+  'eopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d556; fbreak;};
+  'epar;' => {output[0]=0x22d5; fbreak;};
+  'eparsl;' => {output[0]=0x29e3; fbreak;};
+  'eplus;' => {output[0]=0x2a71; fbreak;};
+  'epsi;' => {output[0]=0x3b5; fbreak;};
+  'epsilon;' => {output[0]=0x3b5; fbreak;};
+  'epsiv;' => {output[0]=0x3f5; fbreak;};
+  'eqcirc;' => {output[0]=0x2256; fbreak;};
+  'eqcolon;' => {output[0]=0x2255; fbreak;};
+  'eqsim;' => {output[0]=0x2242; fbreak;};
+  'eqslantgtr;' => {output[0]=0x2a96; fbreak;};
+  'eqslantless;' => {output[0]=0x2a95; fbreak;};
+  'equals;' => {output[0]=0x3d; fbreak;};
+  'equest;' => {output[0]=0x225f; fbreak;};
+  'equiv;' => {output[0]=0x2261; fbreak;};
+  'equivDD;' => {output[0]=0x2a78; fbreak;};
+  'eqvparsl;' => {output[0]=0x29e5; fbreak;};
+  'erDot;' => {output[0]=0x2253; fbreak;};
+  'erarr;' => {output[0]=0x2971; fbreak;};
+  'escr;' => {output[0]=0x212f; fbreak;};
+  'esdot;' => {output[0]=0x2250; fbreak;};
+  'esim;' => {output[0]=0x2242; fbreak;};
+  'eta;' => {output[0]=0x3b7; fbreak;};
+  'eth' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xf0; fbreak;};
+  'euml' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xeb; fbreak;};
+  'euro;' => {output[0]=0x20ac; fbreak;};
+  'excl;' => {output[0]=0x21; fbreak;};
+  'exist;' => {output[0]=0x2203; fbreak;};
+  'expectation;' => {output[0]=0x2130; fbreak;};
+  'exponentiale;' => {output[0]=0x2147; fbreak;};
+  'fallingdotseq;' => {output[0]=0x2252; fbreak;};
+  'fcy;' => {output[0]=0x444; fbreak;};
+  'female;' => {output[0]=0x2640; fbreak;};
+  'ffilig;' => {output[0]=0xfb03; fbreak;};
+  'fflig;' => {output[0]=0xfb00; fbreak;};
+  'ffllig;' => {output[0]=0xfb04; fbreak;};
+  'ffr;' => {output[0]=0x1d523; fbreak;};
+  'filig;' => {output[0]=0xfb01; fbreak;};
+  'fjlig;' => {output[0]=0x66; output[1]=0x6a; fbreak;};
+  'flat;' => {output[0]=0x266d; fbreak;};
+  'fllig;' => {output[0]=0xfb02; fbreak;};
+  'fltns;' => {output[0]=0x25b1; fbreak;};
+  'fnof;' => {output[0]=0x192; fbreak;};
+  'fopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d557; fbreak;};
+  'forall;' => {output[0]=0x2200; fbreak;};
+  'fork;' => {output[0]=0x22d4; fbreak;};
+  'forkv;' => {output[0]=0x2ad9; fbreak;};
+  'fpartint;' => {output[0]=0x2a0d; fbreak;};
+  'frac12' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xbd; fbreak;};
+  'frac13;' => {output[0]=0x2153; fbreak;};
+  'frac14' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xbc; fbreak;};
+  'frac15;' => {output[0]=0x2155; fbreak;};
+  'frac16;' => {output[0]=0x2159; fbreak;};
+  'frac18;' => {output[0]=0x215b; fbreak;};
+  'frac23;' => {output[0]=0x2154; fbreak;};
+  'frac25;' => {output[0]=0x2156; fbreak;};
+  'frac34' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xbe; fbreak;};
+  'frac35;' => {output[0]=0x2157; fbreak;};
+  'frac38;' => {output[0]=0x215c; fbreak;};
+  'frac45;' => {output[0]=0x2158; fbreak;};
+  'frac56;' => {output[0]=0x215a; fbreak;};
+  'frac58;' => {output[0]=0x215d; fbreak;};
+  'frac78;' => {output[0]=0x215e; fbreak;};
+  'frasl;' => {output[0]=0x2044; fbreak;};
+  'frown;' => {output[0]=0x2322; fbreak;};
+  'fscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4bb; fbreak;};
+  'gE;' => {output[0]=0x2267; fbreak;};
+  'gEl;' => {output[0]=0x2a8c; fbreak;};
+  'gacute;' => {output[0]=0x1f5; fbreak;};
+  'gamma;' => {output[0]=0x3b3; fbreak;};
+  'gammad;' => {output[0]=0x3dd; fbreak;};
+  'gap;' => {output[0]=0x2a86; fbreak;};
+  'gbreve;' => {output[0]=0x11f; fbreak;};
+  'gcirc;' => {output[0]=0x11d; fbreak;};
+  'gcy;' => {output[0]=0x433; fbreak;};
+  'gdot;' => {output[0]=0x121; fbreak;};
+  'ge;' => {output[0]=0x2265; fbreak;};
+  'gel;' => {output[0]=0x22db; fbreak;};
+  'geq;' => {output[0]=0x2265; fbreak;};
+  'geqq;' => {output[0]=0x2267; fbreak;};
+  'geqslant;' => {output[0]=0x2a7e; fbreak;};
+  'ges;' => {output[0]=0x2a7e; fbreak;};
+  'gescc;' => {output[0]=0x2aa9; fbreak;};
+  'gesdot;' => {output[0]=0x2a80; fbreak;};
+  'gesdoto;' => {output[0]=0x2a82; fbreak;};
+  'gesdotol;' => {output[0]=0x2a84; fbreak;};
+  'gesl;' => {output[0]=0x22db; output[1]=0xfe00; fbreak;};
+  'gesles;' => {output[0]=0x2a94; fbreak;};
+  'gfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d524; fbreak;};
+  'gg;' => {output[0]=0x226b; fbreak;};
+  'ggg;' => {output[0]=0x22d9; fbreak;};
+  'gimel;' => {output[0]=0x2137; fbreak;};
+  'gjcy;' => {output[0]=0x453; fbreak;};
+  'gl;' => {output[0]=0x2277; fbreak;};
+  'glE;' => {output[0]=0x2a92; fbreak;};
+  'gla;' => {output[0]=0x2aa5; fbreak;};
+  'glj;' => {output[0]=0x2aa4; fbreak;};
+  'gnE;' => {output[0]=0x2269; fbreak;};
+  'gnap;' => {output[0]=0x2a8a; fbreak;};
+  'gnapprox;' => {output[0]=0x2a8a; fbreak;};
+  'gne;' => {output[0]=0x2a88; fbreak;};
+  'gneq;' => {output[0]=0x2a88; fbreak;};
+  'gneqq;' => {output[0]=0x2269; fbreak;};
+  'gnsim;' => {output[0]=0x22e7; fbreak;};
+  'gopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d558; fbreak;};
+  'grave;' => {output[0]=0x60; fbreak;};
+  'gscr;' => {output[0]=0x210a; fbreak;};
+  'gsim;' => {output[0]=0x2273; fbreak;};
+  'gsime;' => {output[0]=0x2a8e; fbreak;};
+  'gsiml;' => {output[0]=0x2a90; fbreak;};
+  'gt' . ';'? => {output[0]=0x3e; fbreak;};
+  'gtcc;' => {output[0]=0x2aa7; fbreak;};
+  'gtcir;' => {output[0]=0x2a7a; fbreak;};
+  'gtdot;' => {output[0]=0x22d7; fbreak;};
+  'gtlPar;' => {output[0]=0x2995; fbreak;};
+  'gtquest;' => {output[0]=0x2a7c; fbreak;};
+  'gtrapprox;' => {output[0]=0x2a86; fbreak;};
+  'gtrarr;' => {output[0]=0x2978; fbreak;};
+  'gtrdot;' => {output[0]=0x22d7; fbreak;};
+  'gtreqless;' => {output[0]=0x22db; fbreak;};
+  'gtreqqless;' => {output[0]=0x2a8c; fbreak;};
+  'gtrless;' => {output[0]=0x2277; fbreak;};
+  'gtrsim;' => {output[0]=0x2273; fbreak;};
+  'gvertneqq;' => {output[0]=0x2269; output[1]=0xfe00; fbreak;};
+  'gvnE;' => {output[0]=0x2269; output[1]=0xfe00; fbreak;};
+  'hArr;' => {output[0]=0x21d4; fbreak;};
+  'hairsp;' => {output[0]=0x200a; fbreak;};
+  'half;' => {output[0]=0xbd; fbreak;};
+  'hamilt;' => {output[0]=0x210b; fbreak;};
+  'hardcy;' => {output[0]=0x44a; fbreak;};
+  'harr;' => {output[0]=0x2194; fbreak;};
+  'harrcir;' => {output[0]=0x2948; fbreak;};
+  'harrw;' => {output[0]=0x21ad; fbreak;};
+  'hbar;' => {output[0]=0x210f; fbreak;};
+  'hcirc;' => {output[0]=0x125; fbreak;};
+  'hearts;' => {output[0]=0x2665; fbreak;};
+  'heartsuit;' => {output[0]=0x2665; fbreak;};
+  'hellip;' => {output[0]=0x2026; fbreak;};
+  'hercon;' => {output[0]=0x22b9; fbreak;};
+  'hfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d525; fbreak;};
+  'hksearow;' => {output[0]=0x2925; fbreak;};
+  'hkswarow;' => {output[0]=0x2926; fbreak;};
+  'hoarr;' => {output[0]=0x21ff; fbreak;};
+  'homtht;' => {output[0]=0x223b; fbreak;};
+  'hookleftarrow;' => {output[0]=0x21a9; fbreak;};
+  'hookrightarrow;' => {output[0]=0x21aa; fbreak;};
+  'hopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d559; fbreak;};
+  'horbar;' => {output[0]=0x2015; fbreak;};
+  'hscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4bd; fbreak;};
+  'hslash;' => {output[0]=0x210f; fbreak;};
+  'hstrok;' => {output[0]=0x127; fbreak;};
+  'hybull;' => {output[0]=0x2043; fbreak;};
+  'hyphen;' => {output[0]=0x2010; fbreak;};
+  'iacute' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xed; fbreak;};
+  'ic;' => {output[0]=0x2063; fbreak;};
+  'icirc' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xee; fbreak;};
+  'icy;' => {output[0]=0x438; fbreak;};
+  'iecy;' => {output[0]=0x435; fbreak;};
+  'iexcl' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xa1; fbreak;};
+  'iff;' => {output[0]=0x21d4; fbreak;};
+  'ifr;' => {output[0]=0x1d526; fbreak;};
+  'igrave' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xec; fbreak;};
+  'ii;' => {output[0]=0x2148; fbreak;};
+  'iiiint;' => {output[0]=0x2a0c; fbreak;};
+  'iiint;' => {output[0]=0x222d; fbreak;};
+  'iinfin;' => {output[0]=0x29dc; fbreak;};
+  'iiota;' => {output[0]=0x2129; fbreak;};
+  'ijlig;' => {output[0]=0x133; fbreak;};
+  'imacr;' => {output[0]=0x12b; fbreak;};
+  'image;' => {output[0]=0x2111; fbreak;};
+  'imagline;' => {output[0]=0x2110; fbreak;};
+  'imagpart;' => {output[0]=0x2111; fbreak;};
+  'imath;' => {output[0]=0x131; fbreak;};
+  'imof;' => {output[0]=0x22b7; fbreak;};
+  'imped;' => {output[0]=0x1b5; fbreak;};
+  'in;' => {output[0]=0x2208; fbreak;};
+  'incare;' => {output[0]=0x2105; fbreak;};
+  'infin;' => {output[0]=0x221e; fbreak;};
+  'infintie;' => {output[0]=0x29dd; fbreak;};
+  'inodot;' => {output[0]=0x131; fbreak;};
+  'int;' => {output[0]=0x222b; fbreak;};
+  'intcal;' => {output[0]=0x22ba; fbreak;};
+  'integers;' => {output[0]=0x2124; fbreak;};
+  'intercal;' => {output[0]=0x22ba; fbreak;};
+  'intlarhk;' => {output[0]=0x2a17; fbreak;};
+  'intprod;' => {output[0]=0x2a3c; fbreak;};
+  'iocy;' => {output[0]=0x451; fbreak;};
+  'iogon;' => {output[0]=0x12f; fbreak;};
+  'iopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d55a; fbreak;};
+  'iota;' => {output[0]=0x3b9; fbreak;};
+  'iprod;' => {output[0]=0x2a3c; fbreak;};
+  'iquest' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xbf; fbreak;};
+  'iscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4be; fbreak;};
+  'isin;' => {output[0]=0x2208; fbreak;};
+  'isinE;' => {output[0]=0x22f9; fbreak;};
+  'isindot;' => {output[0]=0x22f5; fbreak;};
+  'isins;' => {output[0]=0x22f4; fbreak;};
+  'isinsv;' => {output[0]=0x22f3; fbreak;};
+  'isinv;' => {output[0]=0x2208; fbreak;};
+  'it;' => {output[0]=0x2062; fbreak;};
+  'itilde;' => {output[0]=0x129; fbreak;};
+  'iukcy;' => {output[0]=0x456; fbreak;};
+  'iuml' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xef; fbreak;};
+  'jcirc;' => {output[0]=0x135; fbreak;};
+  'jcy;' => {output[0]=0x439; fbreak;};
+  'jfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d527; fbreak;};
+  'jmath;' => {output[0]=0x237; fbreak;};
+  'jopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d55b; fbreak;};
+  'jscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4bf; fbreak;};
+  'jsercy;' => {output[0]=0x458; fbreak;};
+  'jukcy;' => {output[0]=0x454; fbreak;};
+  'kappa;' => {output[0]=0x3ba; fbreak;};
+  'kappav;' => {output[0]=0x3f0; fbreak;};
+  'kcedil;' => {output[0]=0x137; fbreak;};
+  'kcy;' => {output[0]=0x43a; fbreak;};
+  'kfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d528; fbreak;};
+  'kgreen;' => {output[0]=0x138; fbreak;};
+  'khcy;' => {output[0]=0x445; fbreak;};
+  'kjcy;' => {output[0]=0x45c; fbreak;};
+  'kopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d55c; fbreak;};
+  'kscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4c0; fbreak;};
+  'lAarr;' => {output[0]=0x21da; fbreak;};
+  'lArr;' => {output[0]=0x21d0; fbreak;};
+  'lAtail;' => {output[0]=0x291b; fbreak;};
+  'lBarr;' => {output[0]=0x290e; fbreak;};
+  'lE;' => {output[0]=0x2266; fbreak;};
+  'lEg;' => {output[0]=0x2a8b; fbreak;};
+  'lHar;' => {output[0]=0x2962; fbreak;};
+  'lacute;' => {output[0]=0x13a; fbreak;};
+  'laemptyv;' => {output[0]=0x29b4; fbreak;};
+  'lagran;' => {output[0]=0x2112; fbreak;};
+  'lambda;' => {output[0]=0x3bb; fbreak;};
+  'lang;' => {output[0]=0x27e8; fbreak;};
+  'langd;' => {output[0]=0x2991; fbreak;};
+  'langle;' => {output[0]=0x27e8; fbreak;};
+  'lap;' => {output[0]=0x2a85; fbreak;};
+  'laquo' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xab; fbreak;};
+  'larr;' => {output[0]=0x2190; fbreak;};
+  'larrb;' => {output[0]=0x21e4; fbreak;};
+  'larrbfs;' => {output[0]=0x291f; fbreak;};
+  'larrfs;' => {output[0]=0x291d; fbreak;};
+  'larrhk;' => {output[0]=0x21a9; fbreak;};
+  'larrlp;' => {output[0]=0x21ab; fbreak;};
+  'larrpl;' => {output[0]=0x2939; fbreak;};
+  'larrsim;' => {output[0]=0x2973; fbreak;};
+  'larrtl;' => {output[0]=0x21a2; fbreak;};
+  'lat;' => {output[0]=0x2aab; fbreak;};
+  'latail;' => {output[0]=0x2919; fbreak;};
+  'late;' => {output[0]=0x2aad; fbreak;};
+  'lates;' => {output[0]=0x2aad; output[1]=0xfe00; fbreak;};
+  'lbarr;' => {output[0]=0x290c; fbreak;};
+  'lbbrk;' => {output[0]=0x2772; fbreak;};
+  'lbrace;' => {output[0]=0x7b; fbreak;};
+  'lbrack;' => {output[0]=0x5b; fbreak;};
+  'lbrke;' => {output[0]=0x298b; fbreak;};
+  'lbrksld;' => {output[0]=0x298f; fbreak;};
+  'lbrkslu;' => {output[0]=0x298d; fbreak;};
+  'lcaron;' => {output[0]=0x13e; fbreak;};
+  'lcedil;' => {output[0]=0x13c; fbreak;};
+  'lceil;' => {output[0]=0x2308; fbreak;};
+  'lcub;' => {output[0]=0x7b; fbreak;};
+  'lcy;' => {output[0]=0x43b; fbreak;};
+  'ldca;' => {output[0]=0x2936; fbreak;};
+  'ldquo;' => {output[0]=0x201c; fbreak;};
+  'ldquor;' => {output[0]=0x201e; fbreak;};
+  'ldrdhar;' => {output[0]=0x2967; fbreak;};
+  'ldrushar;' => {output[0]=0x294b; fbreak;};
+  'ldsh;' => {output[0]=0x21b2; fbreak;};
+  'le;' => {output[0]=0x2264; fbreak;};
+  'leftarrow;' => {output[0]=0x2190; fbreak;};
+  'leftarrowtail;' => {output[0]=0x21a2; fbreak;};
+  'leftharpoondown;' => {output[0]=0x21bd; fbreak;};
+  'leftharpoonup;' => {output[0]=0x21bc; fbreak;};
+  'leftleftarrows;' => {output[0]=0x21c7; fbreak;};
+  'leftrightarrow;' => {output[0]=0x2194; fbreak;};
+  'leftrightarrows;' => {output[0]=0x21c6; fbreak;};
+  'leftrightharpoons;' => {output[0]=0x21cb; fbreak;};
+  'leftrightsquigarrow;' => {output[0]=0x21ad; fbreak;};
+  'leftthreetimes;' => {output[0]=0x22cb; fbreak;};
+  'leg;' => {output[0]=0x22da; fbreak;};
+  'leq;' => {output[0]=0x2264; fbreak;};
+  'leqq;' => {output[0]=0x2266; fbreak;};
+  'leqslant;' => {output[0]=0x2a7d; fbreak;};
+  'les;' => {output[0]=0x2a7d; fbreak;};
+  'lescc;' => {output[0]=0x2aa8; fbreak;};
+  'lesdot;' => {output[0]=0x2a7f; fbreak;};
+  'lesdoto;' => {output[0]=0x2a81; fbreak;};
+  'lesdotor;' => {output[0]=0x2a83; fbreak;};
+  'lesg;' => {output[0]=0x22da; output[1]=0xfe00; fbreak;};
+  'lesges;' => {output[0]=0x2a93; fbreak;};
+  'lessapprox;' => {output[0]=0x2a85; fbreak;};
+  'lessdot;' => {output[0]=0x22d6; fbreak;};
+  'lesseqgtr;' => {output[0]=0x22da; fbreak;};
+  'lesseqqgtr;' => {output[0]=0x2a8b; fbreak;};
+  'lessgtr;' => {output[0]=0x2276; fbreak;};
+  'lesssim;' => {output[0]=0x2272; fbreak;};
+  'lfisht;' => {output[0]=0x297c; fbreak;};
+  'lfloor;' => {output[0]=0x230a; fbreak;};
+  'lfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d529; fbreak;};
+  'lg;' => {output[0]=0x2276; fbreak;};
+  'lgE;' => {output[0]=0x2a91; fbreak;};
+  'lhard;' => {output[0]=0x21bd; fbreak;};
+  'lharu;' => {output[0]=0x21bc; fbreak;};
+  'lharul;' => {output[0]=0x296a; fbreak;};
+  'lhblk;' => {output[0]=0x2584; fbreak;};
+  'ljcy;' => {output[0]=0x459; fbreak;};
+  'll;' => {output[0]=0x226a; fbreak;};
+  'llarr;' => {output[0]=0x21c7; fbreak;};
+  'llcorner;' => {output[0]=0x231e; fbreak;};
+  'llhard;' => {output[0]=0x296b; fbreak;};
+  'lltri;' => {output[0]=0x25fa; fbreak;};
+  'lmidot;' => {output[0]=0x140; fbreak;};
+  'lmoust;' => {output[0]=0x23b0; fbreak;};
+  'lmoustache;' => {output[0]=0x23b0; fbreak;};
+  'lnE;' => {output[0]=0x2268; fbreak;};
+  'lnap;' => {output[0]=0x2a89; fbreak;};
+  'lnapprox;' => {output[0]=0x2a89; fbreak;};
+  'lne;' => {output[0]=0x2a87; fbreak;};
+  'lneq;' => {output[0]=0x2a87; fbreak;};
+  'lneqq;' => {output[0]=0x2268; fbreak;};
+  'lnsim;' => {output[0]=0x22e6; fbreak;};
+  'loang;' => {output[0]=0x27ec; fbreak;};
+  'loarr;' => {output[0]=0x21fd; fbreak;};
+  'lobrk;' => {output[0]=0x27e6; fbreak;};
+  'longleftarrow;' => {output[0]=0x27f5; fbreak;};
+  'longleftrightarrow;' => {output[0]=0x27f7; fbreak;};
+  'longmapsto;' => {output[0]=0x27fc; fbreak;};
+  'longrightarrow;' => {output[0]=0x27f6; fbreak;};
+  'looparrowleft;' => {output[0]=0x21ab; fbreak;};
+  'looparrowright;' => {output[0]=0x21ac; fbreak;};
+  'lopar;' => {output[0]=0x2985; fbreak;};
+  'lopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d55d; fbreak;};
+  'loplus;' => {output[0]=0x2a2d; fbreak;};
+  'lotimes;' => {output[0]=0x2a34; fbreak;};
+  'lowast;' => {output[0]=0x2217; fbreak;};
+  'lowbar;' => {output[0]=0x5f; fbreak;};
+  'loz;' => {output[0]=0x25ca; fbreak;};
+  'lozenge;' => {output[0]=0x25ca; fbreak;};
+  'lozf;' => {output[0]=0x29eb; fbreak;};
+  'lpar;' => {output[0]=0x28; fbreak;};
+  'lparlt;' => {output[0]=0x2993; fbreak;};
+  'lrarr;' => {output[0]=0x21c6; fbreak;};
+  'lrcorner;' => {output[0]=0x231f; fbreak;};
+  'lrhar;' => {output[0]=0x21cb; fbreak;};
+  'lrhard;' => {output[0]=0x296d; fbreak;};
+  'lrm;' => {output[0]=0x200e; fbreak;};
+  'lrtri;' => {output[0]=0x22bf; fbreak;};
+  'lsaquo;' => {output[0]=0x2039; fbreak;};
+  'lscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4c1; fbreak;};
+  'lsh;' => {output[0]=0x21b0; fbreak;};
+  'lsim;' => {output[0]=0x2272; fbreak;};
+  'lsime;' => {output[0]=0x2a8d; fbreak;};
+  'lsimg;' => {output[0]=0x2a8f; fbreak;};
+  'lsqb;' => {output[0]=0x5b; fbreak;};
+  'lsquo;' => {output[0]=0x2018; fbreak;};
+  'lsquor;' => {output[0]=0x201a; fbreak;};
+  'lstrok;' => {output[0]=0x142; fbreak;};
+  'lt' . ';'? => {output[0]=0x3c; fbreak;};
+  'ltcc;' => {output[0]=0x2aa6; fbreak;};
+  'ltcir;' => {output[0]=0x2a79; fbreak;};
+  'ltdot;' => {output[0]=0x22d6; fbreak;};
+  'lthree;' => {output[0]=0x22cb; fbreak;};
+  'ltimes;' => {output[0]=0x22c9; fbreak;};
+  'ltlarr;' => {output[0]=0x2976; fbreak;};
+  'ltquest;' => {output[0]=0x2a7b; fbreak;};
+  'ltrPar;' => {output[0]=0x2996; fbreak;};
+  'ltri;' => {output[0]=0x25c3; fbreak;};
+  'ltrie;' => {output[0]=0x22b4; fbreak;};
+  'ltrif;' => {output[0]=0x25c2; fbreak;};
+  'lurdshar;' => {output[0]=0x294a; fbreak;};
+  'luruhar;' => {output[0]=0x2966; fbreak;};
+  'lvertneqq;' => {output[0]=0x2268; output[1]=0xfe00; fbreak;};
+  'lvnE;' => {output[0]=0x2268; output[1]=0xfe00; fbreak;};
+  'mDDot;' => {output[0]=0x223a; fbreak;};
+  'macr' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xaf; fbreak;};
+  'male;' => {output[0]=0x2642; fbreak;};
+  'malt;' => {output[0]=0x2720; fbreak;};
+  'maltese;' => {output[0]=0x2720; fbreak;};
+  'map;' => {output[0]=0x21a6; fbreak;};
+  'mapsto;' => {output[0]=0x21a6; fbreak;};
+  'mapstodown;' => {output[0]=0x21a7; fbreak;};
+  'mapstoleft;' => {output[0]=0x21a4; fbreak;};
+  'mapstoup;' => {output[0]=0x21a5; fbreak;};
+  'marker;' => {output[0]=0x25ae; fbreak;};
+  'mcomma;' => {output[0]=0x2a29; fbreak;};
+  'mcy;' => {output[0]=0x43c; fbreak;};
+  'mdash;' => {output[0]=0x2014; fbreak;};
+  'measuredangle;' => {output[0]=0x2221; fbreak;};
+  'mfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d52a; fbreak;};
+  'mho;' => {output[0]=0x2127; fbreak;};
+  'micro' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xb5; fbreak;};
+  'mid;' => {output[0]=0x2223; fbreak;};
+  'midast;' => {output[0]=0x2a; fbreak;};
+  'midcir;' => {output[0]=0x2af0; fbreak;};
+  'middot' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xb7; fbreak;};
+  'minus;' => {output[0]=0x2212; fbreak;};
+  'minusb;' => {output[0]=0x229f; fbreak;};
+  'minusd;' => {output[0]=0x2238; fbreak;};
+  'minusdu;' => {output[0]=0x2a2a; fbreak;};
+  'mlcp;' => {output[0]=0x2adb; fbreak;};
+  'mldr;' => {output[0]=0x2026; fbreak;};
+  'mnplus;' => {output[0]=0x2213; fbreak;};
+  'models;' => {output[0]=0x22a7; fbreak;};
+  'mopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d55e; fbreak;};
+  'mp;' => {output[0]=0x2213; fbreak;};
+  'mscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4c2; fbreak;};
+  'mstpos;' => {output[0]=0x223e; fbreak;};
+  'mu;' => {output[0]=0x3bc; fbreak;};
+  'multimap;' => {output[0]=0x22b8; fbreak;};
+  'mumap;' => {output[0]=0x22b8; fbreak;};
+  'nGg;' => {output[0]=0x22d9; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'nGt;' => {output[0]=0x226b; output[1]=0x20d2; fbreak;};
+  'nGtv;' => {output[0]=0x226b; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'nLeftarrow;' => {output[0]=0x21cd; fbreak;};
+  'nLeftrightarrow;' => {output[0]=0x21ce; fbreak;};
+  'nLl;' => {output[0]=0x22d8; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'nLt;' => {output[0]=0x226a; output[1]=0x20d2; fbreak;};
+  'nLtv;' => {output[0]=0x226a; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'nRightarrow;' => {output[0]=0x21cf; fbreak;};
+  'nVDash;' => {output[0]=0x22af; fbreak;};
+  'nVdash;' => {output[0]=0x22ae; fbreak;};
+  'nabla;' => {output[0]=0x2207; fbreak;};
+  'nacute;' => {output[0]=0x144; fbreak;};
+  'nang;' => {output[0]=0x2220; output[1]=0x20d2; fbreak;};
+  'nap;' => {output[0]=0x2249; fbreak;};
+  'napE;' => {output[0]=0x2a70; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'napid;' => {output[0]=0x224b; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'napos;' => {output[0]=0x149; fbreak;};
+  'napprox;' => {output[0]=0x2249; fbreak;};
+  'natur;' => {output[0]=0x266e; fbreak;};
+  'natural;' => {output[0]=0x266e; fbreak;};
+  'naturals;' => {output[0]=0x2115; fbreak;};
+  'nbsp' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xa0; fbreak;};
+  'nbump;' => {output[0]=0x224e; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'nbumpe;' => {output[0]=0x224f; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'ncap;' => {output[0]=0x2a43; fbreak;};
+  'ncaron;' => {output[0]=0x148; fbreak;};
+  'ncedil;' => {output[0]=0x146; fbreak;};
+  'ncong;' => {output[0]=0x2247; fbreak;};
+  'ncongdot;' => {output[0]=0x2a6d; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'ncup;' => {output[0]=0x2a42; fbreak;};
+  'ncy;' => {output[0]=0x43d; fbreak;};
+  'ndash;' => {output[0]=0x2013; fbreak;};
+  'ne;' => {output[0]=0x2260; fbreak;};
+  'neArr;' => {output[0]=0x21d7; fbreak;};
+  'nearhk;' => {output[0]=0x2924; fbreak;};
+  'nearr;' => {output[0]=0x2197; fbreak;};
+  'nearrow;' => {output[0]=0x2197; fbreak;};
+  'nedot;' => {output[0]=0x2250; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'nequiv;' => {output[0]=0x2262; fbreak;};
+  'nesear;' => {output[0]=0x2928; fbreak;};
+  'nesim;' => {output[0]=0x2242; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'nexist;' => {output[0]=0x2204; fbreak;};
+  'nexists;' => {output[0]=0x2204; fbreak;};
+  'nfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d52b; fbreak;};
+  'ngE;' => {output[0]=0x2267; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'nge;' => {output[0]=0x2271; fbreak;};
+  'ngeq;' => {output[0]=0x2271; fbreak;};
+  'ngeqq;' => {output[0]=0x2267; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'ngeqslant;' => {output[0]=0x2a7e; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'nges;' => {output[0]=0x2a7e; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'ngsim;' => {output[0]=0x2275; fbreak;};
+  'ngt;' => {output[0]=0x226f; fbreak;};
+  'ngtr;' => {output[0]=0x226f; fbreak;};
+  'nhArr;' => {output[0]=0x21ce; fbreak;};
+  'nharr;' => {output[0]=0x21ae; fbreak;};
+  'nhpar;' => {output[0]=0x2af2; fbreak;};
+  'ni;' => {output[0]=0x220b; fbreak;};
+  'nis;' => {output[0]=0x22fc; fbreak;};
+  'nisd;' => {output[0]=0x22fa; fbreak;};
+  'niv;' => {output[0]=0x220b; fbreak;};
+  'njcy;' => {output[0]=0x45a; fbreak;};
+  'nlArr;' => {output[0]=0x21cd; fbreak;};
+  'nlE;' => {output[0]=0x2266; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'nlarr;' => {output[0]=0x219a; fbreak;};
+  'nldr;' => {output[0]=0x2025; fbreak;};
+  'nle;' => {output[0]=0x2270; fbreak;};
+  'nleftarrow;' => {output[0]=0x219a; fbreak;};
+  'nleftrightarrow;' => {output[0]=0x21ae; fbreak;};
+  'nleq;' => {output[0]=0x2270; fbreak;};
+  'nleqq;' => {output[0]=0x2266; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'nleqslant;' => {output[0]=0x2a7d; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'nles;' => {output[0]=0x2a7d; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'nless;' => {output[0]=0x226e; fbreak;};
+  'nlsim;' => {output[0]=0x2274; fbreak;};
+  'nlt;' => {output[0]=0x226e; fbreak;};
+  'nltri;' => {output[0]=0x22ea; fbreak;};
+  'nltrie;' => {output[0]=0x22ec; fbreak;};
+  'nmid;' => {output[0]=0x2224; fbreak;};
+  'nopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d55f; fbreak;};
+  'not' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xac; fbreak;};
+  'notin;' => {output[0]=0x2209; fbreak;};
+  'notinE;' => {output[0]=0x22f9; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'notindot;' => {output[0]=0x22f5; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'notinva;' => {output[0]=0x2209; fbreak;};
+  'notinvb;' => {output[0]=0x22f7; fbreak;};
+  'notinvc;' => {output[0]=0x22f6; fbreak;};
+  'notni;' => {output[0]=0x220c; fbreak;};
+  'notniva;' => {output[0]=0x220c; fbreak;};
+  'notnivb;' => {output[0]=0x22fe; fbreak;};
+  'notnivc;' => {output[0]=0x22fd; fbreak;};
+  'npar;' => {output[0]=0x2226; fbreak;};
+  'nparallel;' => {output[0]=0x2226; fbreak;};
+  'nparsl;' => {output[0]=0x2afd; output[1]=0x20e5; fbreak;};
+  'npart;' => {output[0]=0x2202; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'npolint;' => {output[0]=0x2a14; fbreak;};
+  'npr;' => {output[0]=0x2280; fbreak;};
+  'nprcue;' => {output[0]=0x22e0; fbreak;};
+  'npre;' => {output[0]=0x2aaf; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'nprec;' => {output[0]=0x2280; fbreak;};
+  'npreceq;' => {output[0]=0x2aaf; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'nrArr;' => {output[0]=0x21cf; fbreak;};
+  'nrarr;' => {output[0]=0x219b; fbreak;};
+  'nrarrc;' => {output[0]=0x2933; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'nrarrw;' => {output[0]=0x219d; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'nrightarrow;' => {output[0]=0x219b; fbreak;};
+  'nrtri;' => {output[0]=0x22eb; fbreak;};
+  'nrtrie;' => {output[0]=0x22ed; fbreak;};
+  'nsc;' => {output[0]=0x2281; fbreak;};
+  'nsccue;' => {output[0]=0x22e1; fbreak;};
+  'nsce;' => {output[0]=0x2ab0; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'nscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4c3; fbreak;};
+  'nshortmid;' => {output[0]=0x2224; fbreak;};
+  'nshortparallel;' => {output[0]=0x2226; fbreak;};
+  'nsim;' => {output[0]=0x2241; fbreak;};
+  'nsime;' => {output[0]=0x2244; fbreak;};
+  'nsimeq;' => {output[0]=0x2244; fbreak;};
+  'nsmid;' => {output[0]=0x2224; fbreak;};
+  'nspar;' => {output[0]=0x2226; fbreak;};
+  'nsqsube;' => {output[0]=0x22e2; fbreak;};
+  'nsqsupe;' => {output[0]=0x22e3; fbreak;};
+  'nsub;' => {output[0]=0x2284; fbreak;};
+  'nsubE;' => {output[0]=0x2ac5; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'nsube;' => {output[0]=0x2288; fbreak;};
+  'nsubset;' => {output[0]=0x2282; output[1]=0x20d2; fbreak;};
+  'nsubseteq;' => {output[0]=0x2288; fbreak;};
+  'nsubseteqq;' => {output[0]=0x2ac5; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'nsucc;' => {output[0]=0x2281; fbreak;};
+  'nsucceq;' => {output[0]=0x2ab0; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'nsup;' => {output[0]=0x2285; fbreak;};
+  'nsupE;' => {output[0]=0x2ac6; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'nsupe;' => {output[0]=0x2289; fbreak;};
+  'nsupset;' => {output[0]=0x2283; output[1]=0x20d2; fbreak;};
+  'nsupseteq;' => {output[0]=0x2289; fbreak;};
+  'nsupseteqq;' => {output[0]=0x2ac6; output[1]=0x338; fbreak;};
+  'ntgl;' => {output[0]=0x2279; fbreak;};
+  'ntilde' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xf1; fbreak;};
+  'ntlg;' => {output[0]=0x2278; fbreak;};
+  'ntriangleleft;' => {output[0]=0x22ea; fbreak;};
+  'ntrianglelefteq;' => {output[0]=0x22ec; fbreak;};
+  'ntriangleright;' => {output[0]=0x22eb; fbreak;};
+  'ntrianglerighteq;' => {output[0]=0x22ed; fbreak;};
+  'nu;' => {output[0]=0x3bd; fbreak;};
+  'num;' => {output[0]=0x23; fbreak;};
+  'numero;' => {output[0]=0x2116; fbreak;};
+  'numsp;' => {output[0]=0x2007; fbreak;};
+  'nvDash;' => {output[0]=0x22ad; fbreak;};
+  'nvHarr;' => {output[0]=0x2904; fbreak;};
+  'nvap;' => {output[0]=0x224d; output[1]=0x20d2; fbreak;};
+  'nvdash;' => {output[0]=0x22ac; fbreak;};
+  'nvge;' => {output[0]=0x2265; output[1]=0x20d2; fbreak;};
+  'nvgt;' => {output[0]=0x3e; output[1]=0x20d2; fbreak;};
+  'nvinfin;' => {output[0]=0x29de; fbreak;};
+  'nvlArr;' => {output[0]=0x2902; fbreak;};
+  'nvle;' => {output[0]=0x2264; output[1]=0x20d2; fbreak;};
+  'nvlt;' => {output[0]=0x3c; output[1]=0x20d2; fbreak;};
+  'nvltrie;' => {output[0]=0x22b4; output[1]=0x20d2; fbreak;};
+  'nvrArr;' => {output[0]=0x2903; fbreak;};
+  'nvrtrie;' => {output[0]=0x22b5; output[1]=0x20d2; fbreak;};
+  'nvsim;' => {output[0]=0x223c; output[1]=0x20d2; fbreak;};
+  'nwArr;' => {output[0]=0x21d6; fbreak;};
+  'nwarhk;' => {output[0]=0x2923; fbreak;};
+  'nwarr;' => {output[0]=0x2196; fbreak;};
+  'nwarrow;' => {output[0]=0x2196; fbreak;};
+  'nwnear;' => {output[0]=0x2927; fbreak;};
+  'oS;' => {output[0]=0x24c8; fbreak;};
+  'oacute' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xf3; fbreak;};
+  'oast;' => {output[0]=0x229b; fbreak;};
+  'ocir;' => {output[0]=0x229a; fbreak;};
+  'ocirc' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xf4; fbreak;};
+  'ocy;' => {output[0]=0x43e; fbreak;};
+  'odash;' => {output[0]=0x229d; fbreak;};
+  'odblac;' => {output[0]=0x151; fbreak;};
+  'odiv;' => {output[0]=0x2a38; fbreak;};
+  'odot;' => {output[0]=0x2299; fbreak;};
+  'odsold;' => {output[0]=0x29bc; fbreak;};
+  'oelig;' => {output[0]=0x153; fbreak;};
+  'ofcir;' => {output[0]=0x29bf; fbreak;};
+  'ofr;' => {output[0]=0x1d52c; fbreak;};
+  'ogon;' => {output[0]=0x2db; fbreak;};
+  'ograve' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xf2; fbreak;};
+  'ogt;' => {output[0]=0x29c1; fbreak;};
+  'ohbar;' => {output[0]=0x29b5; fbreak;};
+  'ohm;' => {output[0]=0x3a9; fbreak;};
+  'oint;' => {output[0]=0x222e; fbreak;};
+  'olarr;' => {output[0]=0x21ba; fbreak;};
+  'olcir;' => {output[0]=0x29be; fbreak;};
+  'olcross;' => {output[0]=0x29bb; fbreak;};
+  'oline;' => {output[0]=0x203e; fbreak;};
+  'olt;' => {output[0]=0x29c0; fbreak;};
+  'omacr;' => {output[0]=0x14d; fbreak;};
+  'omega;' => {output[0]=0x3c9; fbreak;};
+  'omicron;' => {output[0]=0x3bf; fbreak;};
+  'omid;' => {output[0]=0x29b6; fbreak;};
+  'ominus;' => {output[0]=0x2296; fbreak;};
+  'oopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d560; fbreak;};
+  'opar;' => {output[0]=0x29b7; fbreak;};
+  'operp;' => {output[0]=0x29b9; fbreak;};
+  'oplus;' => {output[0]=0x2295; fbreak;};
+  'or;' => {output[0]=0x2228; fbreak;};
+  'orarr;' => {output[0]=0x21bb; fbreak;};
+  'ord;' => {output[0]=0x2a5d; fbreak;};
+  'order;' => {output[0]=0x2134; fbreak;};
+  'orderof;' => {output[0]=0x2134; fbreak;};
+  'ordf' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xaa; fbreak;};
+  'ordm' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xba; fbreak;};
+  'origof;' => {output[0]=0x22b6; fbreak;};
+  'oror;' => {output[0]=0x2a56; fbreak;};
+  'orslope;' => {output[0]=0x2a57; fbreak;};
+  'orv;' => {output[0]=0x2a5b; fbreak;};
+  'oscr;' => {output[0]=0x2134; fbreak;};
+  'oslash' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xf8; fbreak;};
+  'osol;' => {output[0]=0x2298; fbreak;};
+  'otilde' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xf5; fbreak;};
+  'otimes;' => {output[0]=0x2297; fbreak;};
+  'otimesas;' => {output[0]=0x2a36; fbreak;};
+  'ouml' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xf6; fbreak;};
+  'ovbar;' => {output[0]=0x233d; fbreak;};
+  'par;' => {output[0]=0x2225; fbreak;};
+  'para' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xb6; fbreak;};
+  'parallel;' => {output[0]=0x2225; fbreak;};
+  'parsim;' => {output[0]=0x2af3; fbreak;};
+  'parsl;' => {output[0]=0x2afd; fbreak;};
+  'part;' => {output[0]=0x2202; fbreak;};
+  'pcy;' => {output[0]=0x43f; fbreak;};
+  'percnt;' => {output[0]=0x25; fbreak;};
+  'period;' => {output[0]=0x2e; fbreak;};
+  'permil;' => {output[0]=0x2030; fbreak;};
+  'perp;' => {output[0]=0x22a5; fbreak;};
+  'pertenk;' => {output[0]=0x2031; fbreak;};
+  'pfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d52d; fbreak;};
+  'phi;' => {output[0]=0x3c6; fbreak;};
+  'phiv;' => {output[0]=0x3d5; fbreak;};
+  'phmmat;' => {output[0]=0x2133; fbreak;};
+  'phone;' => {output[0]=0x260e; fbreak;};
+  'pi;' => {output[0]=0x3c0; fbreak;};
+  'pitchfork;' => {output[0]=0x22d4; fbreak;};
+  'piv;' => {output[0]=0x3d6; fbreak;};
+  'planck;' => {output[0]=0x210f; fbreak;};
+  'planckh;' => {output[0]=0x210e; fbreak;};
+  'plankv;' => {output[0]=0x210f; fbreak;};
+  'plus;' => {output[0]=0x2b; fbreak;};
+  'plusacir;' => {output[0]=0x2a23; fbreak;};
+  'plusb;' => {output[0]=0x229e; fbreak;};
+  'pluscir;' => {output[0]=0x2a22; fbreak;};
+  'plusdo;' => {output[0]=0x2214; fbreak;};
+  'plusdu;' => {output[0]=0x2a25; fbreak;};
+  'pluse;' => {output[0]=0x2a72; fbreak;};
+  'plusmn' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xb1; fbreak;};
+  'plussim;' => {output[0]=0x2a26; fbreak;};
+  'plustwo;' => {output[0]=0x2a27; fbreak;};
+  'pm;' => {output[0]=0xb1; fbreak;};
+  'pointint;' => {output[0]=0x2a15; fbreak;};
+  'popf;' => {output[0]=0x1d561; fbreak;};
+  'pound' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xa3; fbreak;};
+  'pr;' => {output[0]=0x227a; fbreak;};
+  'prE;' => {output[0]=0x2ab3; fbreak;};
+  'prap;' => {output[0]=0x2ab7; fbreak;};
+  'prcue;' => {output[0]=0x227c; fbreak;};
+  'pre;' => {output[0]=0x2aaf; fbreak;};
+  'prec;' => {output[0]=0x227a; fbreak;};
+  'precapprox;' => {output[0]=0x2ab7; fbreak;};
+  'preccurlyeq;' => {output[0]=0x227c; fbreak;};
+  'preceq;' => {output[0]=0x2aaf; fbreak;};
+  'precnapprox;' => {output[0]=0x2ab9; fbreak;};
+  'precneqq;' => {output[0]=0x2ab5; fbreak;};
+  'precnsim;' => {output[0]=0x22e8; fbreak;};
+  'precsim;' => {output[0]=0x227e; fbreak;};
+  'prime;' => {output[0]=0x2032; fbreak;};
+  'primes;' => {output[0]=0x2119; fbreak;};
+  'prnE;' => {output[0]=0x2ab5; fbreak;};
+  'prnap;' => {output[0]=0x2ab9; fbreak;};
+  'prnsim;' => {output[0]=0x22e8; fbreak;};
+  'prod;' => {output[0]=0x220f; fbreak;};
+  'profalar;' => {output[0]=0x232e; fbreak;};
+  'profline;' => {output[0]=0x2312; fbreak;};
+  'profsurf;' => {output[0]=0x2313; fbreak;};
+  'prop;' => {output[0]=0x221d; fbreak;};
+  'propto;' => {output[0]=0x221d; fbreak;};
+  'prsim;' => {output[0]=0x227e; fbreak;};
+  'prurel;' => {output[0]=0x22b0; fbreak;};
+  'pscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4c5; fbreak;};
+  'psi;' => {output[0]=0x3c8; fbreak;};
+  'puncsp;' => {output[0]=0x2008; fbreak;};
+  'qfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d52e; fbreak;};
+  'qint;' => {output[0]=0x2a0c; fbreak;};
+  'qopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d562; fbreak;};
+  'qprime;' => {output[0]=0x2057; fbreak;};
+  'qscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4c6; fbreak;};
+  'quaternions;' => {output[0]=0x210d; fbreak;};
+  'quatint;' => {output[0]=0x2a16; fbreak;};
+  'quest;' => {output[0]=0x3f; fbreak;};
+  'questeq;' => {output[0]=0x225f; fbreak;};
+  'quot' . ';'? => {output[0]=0x22; fbreak;};
+  'rAarr;' => {output[0]=0x21db; fbreak;};
+  'rArr;' => {output[0]=0x21d2; fbreak;};
+  'rAtail;' => {output[0]=0x291c; fbreak;};
+  'rBarr;' => {output[0]=0x290f; fbreak;};
+  'rHar;' => {output[0]=0x2964; fbreak;};
+  'race;' => {output[0]=0x223d; output[1]=0x331; fbreak;};
+  'racute;' => {output[0]=0x155; fbreak;};
+  'radic;' => {output[0]=0x221a; fbreak;};
+  'raemptyv;' => {output[0]=0x29b3; fbreak;};
+  'rang;' => {output[0]=0x27e9; fbreak;};
+  'rangd;' => {output[0]=0x2992; fbreak;};
+  'range;' => {output[0]=0x29a5; fbreak;};
+  'rangle;' => {output[0]=0x27e9; fbreak;};
+  'raquo' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xbb; fbreak;};
+  'rarr;' => {output[0]=0x2192; fbreak;};
+  'rarrap;' => {output[0]=0x2975; fbreak;};
+  'rarrb;' => {output[0]=0x21e5; fbreak;};
+  'rarrbfs;' => {output[0]=0x2920; fbreak;};
+  'rarrc;' => {output[0]=0x2933; fbreak;};
+  'rarrfs;' => {output[0]=0x291e; fbreak;};
+  'rarrhk;' => {output[0]=0x21aa; fbreak;};
+  'rarrlp;' => {output[0]=0x21ac; fbreak;};
+  'rarrpl;' => {output[0]=0x2945; fbreak;};
+  'rarrsim;' => {output[0]=0x2974; fbreak;};
+  'rarrtl;' => {output[0]=0x21a3; fbreak;};
+  'rarrw;' => {output[0]=0x219d; fbreak;};
+  'ratail;' => {output[0]=0x291a; fbreak;};
+  'ratio;' => {output[0]=0x2236; fbreak;};
+  'rationals;' => {output[0]=0x211a; fbreak;};
+  'rbarr;' => {output[0]=0x290d; fbreak;};
+  'rbbrk;' => {output[0]=0x2773; fbreak;};
+  'rbrace;' => {output[0]=0x7d; fbreak;};
+  'rbrack;' => {output[0]=0x5d; fbreak;};
+  'rbrke;' => {output[0]=0x298c; fbreak;};
+  'rbrksld;' => {output[0]=0x298e; fbreak;};
+  'rbrkslu;' => {output[0]=0x2990; fbreak;};
+  'rcaron;' => {output[0]=0x159; fbreak;};
+  'rcedil;' => {output[0]=0x157; fbreak;};
+  'rceil;' => {output[0]=0x2309; fbreak;};
+  'rcub;' => {output[0]=0x7d; fbreak;};
+  'rcy;' => {output[0]=0x440; fbreak;};
+  'rdca;' => {output[0]=0x2937; fbreak;};
+  'rdldhar;' => {output[0]=0x2969; fbreak;};
+  'rdquo;' => {output[0]=0x201d; fbreak;};
+  'rdquor;' => {output[0]=0x201d; fbreak;};
+  'rdsh;' => {output[0]=0x21b3; fbreak;};
+  'real;' => {output[0]=0x211c; fbreak;};
+  'realine;' => {output[0]=0x211b; fbreak;};
+  'realpart;' => {output[0]=0x211c; fbreak;};
+  'reals;' => {output[0]=0x211d; fbreak;};
+  'rect;' => {output[0]=0x25ad; fbreak;};
+  'reg' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xae; fbreak;};
+  'rfisht;' => {output[0]=0x297d; fbreak;};
+  'rfloor;' => {output[0]=0x230b; fbreak;};
+  'rfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d52f; fbreak;};
+  'rhard;' => {output[0]=0x21c1; fbreak;};
+  'rharu;' => {output[0]=0x21c0; fbreak;};
+  'rharul;' => {output[0]=0x296c; fbreak;};
+  'rho;' => {output[0]=0x3c1; fbreak;};
+  'rhov;' => {output[0]=0x3f1; fbreak;};
+  'rightarrow;' => {output[0]=0x2192; fbreak;};
+  'rightarrowtail;' => {output[0]=0x21a3; fbreak;};
+  'rightharpoondown;' => {output[0]=0x21c1; fbreak;};
+  'rightharpoonup;' => {output[0]=0x21c0; fbreak;};
+  'rightleftarrows;' => {output[0]=0x21c4; fbreak;};
+  'rightleftharpoons;' => {output[0]=0x21cc; fbreak;};
+  'rightrightarrows;' => {output[0]=0x21c9; fbreak;};
+  'rightsquigarrow;' => {output[0]=0x219d; fbreak;};
+  'rightthreetimes;' => {output[0]=0x22cc; fbreak;};
+  'ring;' => {output[0]=0x2da; fbreak;};
+  'risingdotseq;' => {output[0]=0x2253; fbreak;};
+  'rlarr;' => {output[0]=0x21c4; fbreak;};
+  'rlhar;' => {output[0]=0x21cc; fbreak;};
+  'rlm;' => {output[0]=0x200f; fbreak;};
+  'rmoust;' => {output[0]=0x23b1; fbreak;};
+  'rmoustache;' => {output[0]=0x23b1; fbreak;};
+  'rnmid;' => {output[0]=0x2aee; fbreak;};
+  'roang;' => {output[0]=0x27ed; fbreak;};
+  'roarr;' => {output[0]=0x21fe; fbreak;};
+  'robrk;' => {output[0]=0x27e7; fbreak;};
+  'ropar;' => {output[0]=0x2986; fbreak;};
+  'ropf;' => {output[0]=0x1d563; fbreak;};
+  'roplus;' => {output[0]=0x2a2e; fbreak;};
+  'rotimes;' => {output[0]=0x2a35; fbreak;};
+  'rpar;' => {output[0]=0x29; fbreak;};
+  'rpargt;' => {output[0]=0x2994; fbreak;};
+  'rppolint;' => {output[0]=0x2a12; fbreak;};
+  'rrarr;' => {output[0]=0x21c9; fbreak;};
+  'rsaquo;' => {output[0]=0x203a; fbreak;};
+  'rscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4c7; fbreak;};
+  'rsh;' => {output[0]=0x21b1; fbreak;};
+  'rsqb;' => {output[0]=0x5d; fbreak;};
+  'rsquo;' => {output[0]=0x2019; fbreak;};
+  'rsquor;' => {output[0]=0x2019; fbreak;};
+  'rthree;' => {output[0]=0x22cc; fbreak;};
+  'rtimes;' => {output[0]=0x22ca; fbreak;};
+  'rtri;' => {output[0]=0x25b9; fbreak;};
+  'rtrie;' => {output[0]=0x22b5; fbreak;};
+  'rtrif;' => {output[0]=0x25b8; fbreak;};
+  'rtriltri;' => {output[0]=0x29ce; fbreak;};
+  'ruluhar;' => {output[0]=0x2968; fbreak;};
+  'rx;' => {output[0]=0x211e; fbreak;};
+  'sacute;' => {output[0]=0x15b; fbreak;};
+  'sbquo;' => {output[0]=0x201a; fbreak;};
+  'sc;' => {output[0]=0x227b; fbreak;};
+  'scE;' => {output[0]=0x2ab4; fbreak;};
+  'scap;' => {output[0]=0x2ab8; fbreak;};
+  'scaron;' => {output[0]=0x161; fbreak;};
+  'sccue;' => {output[0]=0x227d; fbreak;};
+  'sce;' => {output[0]=0x2ab0; fbreak;};
+  'scedil;' => {output[0]=0x15f; fbreak;};
+  'scirc;' => {output[0]=0x15d; fbreak;};
+  'scnE;' => {output[0]=0x2ab6; fbreak;};
+  'scnap;' => {output[0]=0x2aba; fbreak;};
+  'scnsim;' => {output[0]=0x22e9; fbreak;};
+  'scpolint;' => {output[0]=0x2a13; fbreak;};
+  'scsim;' => {output[0]=0x227f; fbreak;};
+  'scy;' => {output[0]=0x441; fbreak;};
+  'sdot;' => {output[0]=0x22c5; fbreak;};
+  'sdotb;' => {output[0]=0x22a1; fbreak;};
+  'sdote;' => {output[0]=0x2a66; fbreak;};
+  'seArr;' => {output[0]=0x21d8; fbreak;};
+  'searhk;' => {output[0]=0x2925; fbreak;};
+  'searr;' => {output[0]=0x2198; fbreak;};
+  'searrow;' => {output[0]=0x2198; fbreak;};
+  'sect' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xa7; fbreak;};
+  'semi;' => {output[0]=0x3b; fbreak;};
+  'seswar;' => {output[0]=0x2929; fbreak;};
+  'setminus;' => {output[0]=0x2216; fbreak;};
+  'setmn;' => {output[0]=0x2216; fbreak;};
+  'sext;' => {output[0]=0x2736; fbreak;};
+  'sfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d530; fbreak;};
+  'sfrown;' => {output[0]=0x2322; fbreak;};
+  'sharp;' => {output[0]=0x266f; fbreak;};
+  'shchcy;' => {output[0]=0x449; fbreak;};
+  'shcy;' => {output[0]=0x448; fbreak;};
+  'shortmid;' => {output[0]=0x2223; fbreak;};
+  'shortparallel;' => {output[0]=0x2225; fbreak;};
+  'shy' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xad; fbreak;};
+  'sigma;' => {output[0]=0x3c3; fbreak;};
+  'sigmaf;' => {output[0]=0x3c2; fbreak;};
+  'sigmav;' => {output[0]=0x3c2; fbreak;};
+  'sim;' => {output[0]=0x223c; fbreak;};
+  'simdot;' => {output[0]=0x2a6a; fbreak;};
+  'sime;' => {output[0]=0x2243; fbreak;};
+  'simeq;' => {output[0]=0x2243; fbreak;};
+  'simg;' => {output[0]=0x2a9e; fbreak;};
+  'simgE;' => {output[0]=0x2aa0; fbreak;};
+  'siml;' => {output[0]=0x2a9d; fbreak;};
+  'simlE;' => {output[0]=0x2a9f; fbreak;};
+  'simne;' => {output[0]=0x2246; fbreak;};
+  'simplus;' => {output[0]=0x2a24; fbreak;};
+  'simrarr;' => {output[0]=0x2972; fbreak;};
+  'slarr;' => {output[0]=0x2190; fbreak;};
+  'smallsetminus;' => {output[0]=0x2216; fbreak;};
+  'smashp;' => {output[0]=0x2a33; fbreak;};
+  'smeparsl;' => {output[0]=0x29e4; fbreak;};
+  'smid;' => {output[0]=0x2223; fbreak;};
+  'smile;' => {output[0]=0x2323; fbreak;};
+  'smt;' => {output[0]=0x2aaa; fbreak;};
+  'smte;' => {output[0]=0x2aac; fbreak;};
+  'smtes;' => {output[0]=0x2aac; output[1]=0xfe00; fbreak;};
+  'softcy;' => {output[0]=0x44c; fbreak;};
+  'sol;' => {output[0]=0x2f; fbreak;};
+  'solb;' => {output[0]=0x29c4; fbreak;};
+  'solbar;' => {output[0]=0x233f; fbreak;};
+  'sopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d564; fbreak;};
+  'spades;' => {output[0]=0x2660; fbreak;};
+  'spadesuit;' => {output[0]=0x2660; fbreak;};
+  'spar;' => {output[0]=0x2225; fbreak;};
+  'sqcap;' => {output[0]=0x2293; fbreak;};
+  'sqcaps;' => {output[0]=0x2293; output[1]=0xfe00; fbreak;};
+  'sqcup;' => {output[0]=0x2294; fbreak;};
+  'sqcups;' => {output[0]=0x2294; output[1]=0xfe00; fbreak;};
+  'sqsub;' => {output[0]=0x228f; fbreak;};
+  'sqsube;' => {output[0]=0x2291; fbreak;};
+  'sqsubset;' => {output[0]=0x228f; fbreak;};
+  'sqsubseteq;' => {output[0]=0x2291; fbreak;};
+  'sqsup;' => {output[0]=0x2290; fbreak;};
+  'sqsupe;' => {output[0]=0x2292; fbreak;};
+  'sqsupset;' => {output[0]=0x2290; fbreak;};
+  'sqsupseteq;' => {output[0]=0x2292; fbreak;};
+  'squ;' => {output[0]=0x25a1; fbreak;};
+  'square;' => {output[0]=0x25a1; fbreak;};
+  'squarf;' => {output[0]=0x25aa; fbreak;};
+  'squf;' => {output[0]=0x25aa; fbreak;};
+  'srarr;' => {output[0]=0x2192; fbreak;};
+  'sscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4c8; fbreak;};
+  'ssetmn;' => {output[0]=0x2216; fbreak;};
+  'ssmile;' => {output[0]=0x2323; fbreak;};
+  'sstarf;' => {output[0]=0x22c6; fbreak;};
+  'star;' => {output[0]=0x2606; fbreak;};
+  'starf;' => {output[0]=0x2605; fbreak;};
+  'straightepsilon;' => {output[0]=0x3f5; fbreak;};
+  'straightphi;' => {output[0]=0x3d5; fbreak;};
+  'strns;' => {output[0]=0xaf; fbreak;};
+  'sub;' => {output[0]=0x2282; fbreak;};
+  'subE;' => {output[0]=0x2ac5; fbreak;};
+  'subdot;' => {output[0]=0x2abd; fbreak;};
+  'sube;' => {output[0]=0x2286; fbreak;};
+  'subedot;' => {output[0]=0x2ac3; fbreak;};
+  'submult;' => {output[0]=0x2ac1; fbreak;};
+  'subnE;' => {output[0]=0x2acb; fbreak;};
+  'subne;' => {output[0]=0x228a; fbreak;};
+  'subplus;' => {output[0]=0x2abf; fbreak;};
+  'subrarr;' => {output[0]=0x2979; fbreak;};
+  'subset;' => {output[0]=0x2282; fbreak;};
+  'subseteq;' => {output[0]=0x2286; fbreak;};
+  'subseteqq;' => {output[0]=0x2ac5; fbreak;};
+  'subsetneq;' => {output[0]=0x228a; fbreak;};
+  'subsetneqq;' => {output[0]=0x2acb; fbreak;};
+  'subsim;' => {output[0]=0x2ac7; fbreak;};
+  'subsub;' => {output[0]=0x2ad5; fbreak;};
+  'subsup;' => {output[0]=0x2ad3; fbreak;};
+  'succ;' => {output[0]=0x227b; fbreak;};
+  'succapprox;' => {output[0]=0x2ab8; fbreak;};
+  'succcurlyeq;' => {output[0]=0x227d; fbreak;};
+  'succeq;' => {output[0]=0x2ab0; fbreak;};
+  'succnapprox;' => {output[0]=0x2aba; fbreak;};
+  'succneqq;' => {output[0]=0x2ab6; fbreak;};
+  'succnsim;' => {output[0]=0x22e9; fbreak;};
+  'succsim;' => {output[0]=0x227f; fbreak;};
+  'sum;' => {output[0]=0x2211; fbreak;};
+  'sung;' => {output[0]=0x266a; fbreak;};
+  'sup1' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xb9; fbreak;};
+  'sup2' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xb2; fbreak;};
+  'sup3' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xb3; fbreak;};
+  'sup;' => {output[0]=0x2283; fbreak;};
+  'supE;' => {output[0]=0x2ac6; fbreak;};
+  'supdot;' => {output[0]=0x2abe; fbreak;};
+  'supdsub;' => {output[0]=0x2ad8; fbreak;};
+  'supe;' => {output[0]=0x2287; fbreak;};
+  'supedot;' => {output[0]=0x2ac4; fbreak;};
+  'suphsol;' => {output[0]=0x27c9; fbreak;};
+  'suphsub;' => {output[0]=0x2ad7; fbreak;};
+  'suplarr;' => {output[0]=0x297b; fbreak;};
+  'supmult;' => {output[0]=0x2ac2; fbreak;};
+  'supnE;' => {output[0]=0x2acc; fbreak;};
+  'supne;' => {output[0]=0x228b; fbreak;};
+  'supplus;' => {output[0]=0x2ac0; fbreak;};
+  'supset;' => {output[0]=0x2283; fbreak;};
+  'supseteq;' => {output[0]=0x2287; fbreak;};
+  'supseteqq;' => {output[0]=0x2ac6; fbreak;};
+  'supsetneq;' => {output[0]=0x228b; fbreak;};
+  'supsetneqq;' => {output[0]=0x2acc; fbreak;};
+  'supsim;' => {output[0]=0x2ac8; fbreak;};
+  'supsub;' => {output[0]=0x2ad4; fbreak;};
+  'supsup;' => {output[0]=0x2ad6; fbreak;};
+  'swArr;' => {output[0]=0x21d9; fbreak;};
+  'swarhk;' => {output[0]=0x2926; fbreak;};
+  'swarr;' => {output[0]=0x2199; fbreak;};
+  'swarrow;' => {output[0]=0x2199; fbreak;};
+  'swnwar;' => {output[0]=0x292a; fbreak;};
+  'szlig' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xdf; fbreak;};
+  'target;' => {output[0]=0x2316; fbreak;};
+  'tau;' => {output[0]=0x3c4; fbreak;};
+  'tbrk;' => {output[0]=0x23b4; fbreak;};
+  'tcaron;' => {output[0]=0x165; fbreak;};
+  'tcedil;' => {output[0]=0x163; fbreak;};
+  'tcy;' => {output[0]=0x442; fbreak;};
+  'tdot;' => {output[0]=0x20db; fbreak;};
+  'telrec;' => {output[0]=0x2315; fbreak;};
+  'tfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d531; fbreak;};
+  'there4;' => {output[0]=0x2234; fbreak;};
+  'therefore;' => {output[0]=0x2234; fbreak;};
+  'theta;' => {output[0]=0x3b8; fbreak;};
+  'thetasym;' => {output[0]=0x3d1; fbreak;};
+  'thetav;' => {output[0]=0x3d1; fbreak;};
+  'thickapprox;' => {output[0]=0x2248; fbreak;};
+  'thicksim;' => {output[0]=0x223c; fbreak;};
+  'thinsp;' => {output[0]=0x2009; fbreak;};
+  'thkap;' => {output[0]=0x2248; fbreak;};
+  'thksim;' => {output[0]=0x223c; fbreak;};
+  'thorn' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xfe; fbreak;};
+  'tilde;' => {output[0]=0x2dc; fbreak;};
+  'times' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xd7; fbreak;};
+  'timesb;' => {output[0]=0x22a0; fbreak;};
+  'timesbar;' => {output[0]=0x2a31; fbreak;};
+  'timesd;' => {output[0]=0x2a30; fbreak;};
+  'tint;' => {output[0]=0x222d; fbreak;};
+  'toea;' => {output[0]=0x2928; fbreak;};
+  'top;' => {output[0]=0x22a4; fbreak;};
+  'topbot;' => {output[0]=0x2336; fbreak;};
+  'topcir;' => {output[0]=0x2af1; fbreak;};
+  'topf;' => {output[0]=0x1d565; fbreak;};
+  'topfork;' => {output[0]=0x2ada; fbreak;};
+  'tosa;' => {output[0]=0x2929; fbreak;};
+  'tprime;' => {output[0]=0x2034; fbreak;};
+  'trade;' => {output[0]=0x2122; fbreak;};
+  'triangle;' => {output[0]=0x25b5; fbreak;};
+  'triangledown;' => {output[0]=0x25bf; fbreak;};
+  'triangleleft;' => {output[0]=0x25c3; fbreak;};
+  'trianglelefteq;' => {output[0]=0x22b4; fbreak;};
+  'triangleq;' => {output[0]=0x225c; fbreak;};
+  'triangleright;' => {output[0]=0x25b9; fbreak;};
+  'trianglerighteq;' => {output[0]=0x22b5; fbreak;};
+  'tridot;' => {output[0]=0x25ec; fbreak;};
+  'trie;' => {output[0]=0x225c; fbreak;};
+  'triminus;' => {output[0]=0x2a3a; fbreak;};
+  'triplus;' => {output[0]=0x2a39; fbreak;};
+  'trisb;' => {output[0]=0x29cd; fbreak;};
+  'tritime;' => {output[0]=0x2a3b; fbreak;};
+  'trpezium;' => {output[0]=0x23e2; fbreak;};
+  'tscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4c9; fbreak;};
+  'tscy;' => {output[0]=0x446; fbreak;};
+  'tshcy;' => {output[0]=0x45b; fbreak;};
+  'tstrok;' => {output[0]=0x167; fbreak;};
+  'twixt;' => {output[0]=0x226c; fbreak;};
+  'twoheadleftarrow;' => {output[0]=0x219e; fbreak;};
+  'twoheadrightarrow;' => {output[0]=0x21a0; fbreak;};
+  'uArr;' => {output[0]=0x21d1; fbreak;};
+  'uHar;' => {output[0]=0x2963; fbreak;};
+  'uacute' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xfa; fbreak;};
+  'uarr;' => {output[0]=0x2191; fbreak;};
+  'ubrcy;' => {output[0]=0x45e; fbreak;};
+  'ubreve;' => {output[0]=0x16d; fbreak;};
+  'ucirc' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xfb; fbreak;};
+  'ucy;' => {output[0]=0x443; fbreak;};
+  'udarr;' => {output[0]=0x21c5; fbreak;};
+  'udblac;' => {output[0]=0x171; fbreak;};
+  'udhar;' => {output[0]=0x296e; fbreak;};
+  'ufisht;' => {output[0]=0x297e; fbreak;};
+  'ufr;' => {output[0]=0x1d532; fbreak;};
+  'ugrave' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xf9; fbreak;};
+  'uharl;' => {output[0]=0x21bf; fbreak;};
+  'uharr;' => {output[0]=0x21be; fbreak;};
+  'uhblk;' => {output[0]=0x2580; fbreak;};
+  'ulcorn;' => {output[0]=0x231c; fbreak;};
+  'ulcorner;' => {output[0]=0x231c; fbreak;};
+  'ulcrop;' => {output[0]=0x230f; fbreak;};
+  'ultri;' => {output[0]=0x25f8; fbreak;};
+  'umacr;' => {output[0]=0x16b; fbreak;};
+  'uml' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xa8; fbreak;};
+  'uogon;' => {output[0]=0x173; fbreak;};
+  'uopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d566; fbreak;};
+  'uparrow;' => {output[0]=0x2191; fbreak;};
+  'updownarrow;' => {output[0]=0x2195; fbreak;};
+  'upharpoonleft;' => {output[0]=0x21bf; fbreak;};
+  'upharpoonright;' => {output[0]=0x21be; fbreak;};
+  'uplus;' => {output[0]=0x228e; fbreak;};
+  'upsi;' => {output[0]=0x3c5; fbreak;};
+  'upsih;' => {output[0]=0x3d2; fbreak;};
+  'upsilon;' => {output[0]=0x3c5; fbreak;};
+  'upuparrows;' => {output[0]=0x21c8; fbreak;};
+  'urcorn;' => {output[0]=0x231d; fbreak;};
+  'urcorner;' => {output[0]=0x231d; fbreak;};
+  'urcrop;' => {output[0]=0x230e; fbreak;};
+  'uring;' => {output[0]=0x16f; fbreak;};
+  'urtri;' => {output[0]=0x25f9; fbreak;};
+  'uscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4ca; fbreak;};
+  'utdot;' => {output[0]=0x22f0; fbreak;};
+  'utilde;' => {output[0]=0x169; fbreak;};
+  'utri;' => {output[0]=0x25b5; fbreak;};
+  'utrif;' => {output[0]=0x25b4; fbreak;};
+  'uuarr;' => {output[0]=0x21c8; fbreak;};
+  'uuml' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xfc; fbreak;};
+  'uwangle;' => {output[0]=0x29a7; fbreak;};
+  'vArr;' => {output[0]=0x21d5; fbreak;};
+  'vBar;' => {output[0]=0x2ae8; fbreak;};
+  'vBarv;' => {output[0]=0x2ae9; fbreak;};
+  'vDash;' => {output[0]=0x22a8; fbreak;};
+  'vangrt;' => {output[0]=0x299c; fbreak;};
+  'varepsilon;' => {output[0]=0x3f5; fbreak;};
+  'varkappa;' => {output[0]=0x3f0; fbreak;};
+  'varnothing;' => {output[0]=0x2205; fbreak;};
+  'varphi;' => {output[0]=0x3d5; fbreak;};
+  'varpi;' => {output[0]=0x3d6; fbreak;};
+  'varpropto;' => {output[0]=0x221d; fbreak;};
+  'varr;' => {output[0]=0x2195; fbreak;};
+  'varrho;' => {output[0]=0x3f1; fbreak;};
+  'varsigma;' => {output[0]=0x3c2; fbreak;};
+  'varsubsetneq;' => {output[0]=0x228a; output[1]=0xfe00; fbreak;};
+  'varsubsetneqq;' => {output[0]=0x2acb; output[1]=0xfe00; fbreak;};
+  'varsupsetneq;' => {output[0]=0x228b; output[1]=0xfe00; fbreak;};
+  'varsupsetneqq;' => {output[0]=0x2acc; output[1]=0xfe00; fbreak;};
+  'vartheta;' => {output[0]=0x3d1; fbreak;};
+  'vartriangleleft;' => {output[0]=0x22b2; fbreak;};
+  'vartriangleright;' => {output[0]=0x22b3; fbreak;};
+  'vcy;' => {output[0]=0x432; fbreak;};
+  'vdash;' => {output[0]=0x22a2; fbreak;};
+  'vee;' => {output[0]=0x2228; fbreak;};
+  'veebar;' => {output[0]=0x22bb; fbreak;};
+  'veeeq;' => {output[0]=0x225a; fbreak;};
+  'vellip;' => {output[0]=0x22ee; fbreak;};
+  'verbar;' => {output[0]=0x7c; fbreak;};
+  'vert;' => {output[0]=0x7c; fbreak;};
+  'vfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d533; fbreak;};
+  'vltri;' => {output[0]=0x22b2; fbreak;};
+  'vnsub;' => {output[0]=0x2282; output[1]=0x20d2; fbreak;};
+  'vnsup;' => {output[0]=0x2283; output[1]=0x20d2; fbreak;};
+  'vopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d567; fbreak;};
+  'vprop;' => {output[0]=0x221d; fbreak;};
+  'vrtri;' => {output[0]=0x22b3; fbreak;};
+  'vscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4cb; fbreak;};
+  'vsubnE;' => {output[0]=0x2acb; output[1]=0xfe00; fbreak;};
+  'vsubne;' => {output[0]=0x228a; output[1]=0xfe00; fbreak;};
+  'vsupnE;' => {output[0]=0x2acc; output[1]=0xfe00; fbreak;};
+  'vsupne;' => {output[0]=0x228b; output[1]=0xfe00; fbreak;};
+  'vzigzag;' => {output[0]=0x299a; fbreak;};
+  'wcirc;' => {output[0]=0x175; fbreak;};
+  'wedbar;' => {output[0]=0x2a5f; fbreak;};
+  'wedge;' => {output[0]=0x2227; fbreak;};
+  'wedgeq;' => {output[0]=0x2259; fbreak;};
+  'weierp;' => {output[0]=0x2118; fbreak;};
+  'wfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d534; fbreak;};
+  'wopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d568; fbreak;};
+  'wp;' => {output[0]=0x2118; fbreak;};
+  'wr;' => {output[0]=0x2240; fbreak;};
+  'wreath;' => {output[0]=0x2240; fbreak;};
+  'wscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4cc; fbreak;};
+  'xcap;' => {output[0]=0x22c2; fbreak;};
+  'xcirc;' => {output[0]=0x25ef; fbreak;};
+  'xcup;' => {output[0]=0x22c3; fbreak;};
+  'xdtri;' => {output[0]=0x25bd; fbreak;};
+  'xfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d535; fbreak;};
+  'xhArr;' => {output[0]=0x27fa; fbreak;};
+  'xharr;' => {output[0]=0x27f7; fbreak;};
+  'xi;' => {output[0]=0x3be; fbreak;};
+  'xlArr;' => {output[0]=0x27f8; fbreak;};
+  'xlarr;' => {output[0]=0x27f5; fbreak;};
+  'xmap;' => {output[0]=0x27fc; fbreak;};
+  'xnis;' => {output[0]=0x22fb; fbreak;};
+  'xodot;' => {output[0]=0x2a00; fbreak;};
+  'xopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d569; fbreak;};
+  'xoplus;' => {output[0]=0x2a01; fbreak;};
+  'xotime;' => {output[0]=0x2a02; fbreak;};
+  'xrArr;' => {output[0]=0x27f9; fbreak;};
+  'xrarr;' => {output[0]=0x27f6; fbreak;};
+  'xscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4cd; fbreak;};
+  'xsqcup;' => {output[0]=0x2a06; fbreak;};
+  'xuplus;' => {output[0]=0x2a04; fbreak;};
+  'xutri;' => {output[0]=0x25b3; fbreak;};
+  'xvee;' => {output[0]=0x22c1; fbreak;};
+  'xwedge;' => {output[0]=0x22c0; fbreak;};
+  'yacute' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xfd; fbreak;};
+  'yacy;' => {output[0]=0x44f; fbreak;};
+  'ycirc;' => {output[0]=0x177; fbreak;};
+  'ycy;' => {output[0]=0x44b; fbreak;};
+  'yen' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xa5; fbreak;};
+  'yfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d536; fbreak;};
+  'yicy;' => {output[0]=0x457; fbreak;};
+  'yopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d56a; fbreak;};
+  'yscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4ce; fbreak;};
+  'yucy;' => {output[0]=0x44e; fbreak;};
+  'yuml' . ';'? => {output[0]=0xff; fbreak;};
+  'zacute;' => {output[0]=0x17a; fbreak;};
+  'zcaron;' => {output[0]=0x17e; fbreak;};
+  'zcy;' => {output[0]=0x437; fbreak;};
+  'zdot;' => {output[0]=0x17c; fbreak;};
+  'zeetrf;' => {output[0]=0x2128; fbreak;};
+  'zeta;' => {output[0]=0x3b6; fbreak;};
+  'zfr;' => {output[0]=0x1d537; fbreak;};
+  'zhcy;' => {output[0]=0x436; fbreak;};
+  'zigrarr;' => {output[0]=0x21dd; fbreak;};
+  'zopf;' => {output[0]=0x1d56b; fbreak;};
+  'zscr;' => {output[0]=0x1d4cf; fbreak;};
+  'zwj;' => {output[0]=0x200d; fbreak;};
+  'zwnj;' => {output[0]=0x200c; fbreak;};
+*|;
+write data noerror nofinal noentry noprefix;
+}%%
+
+size_t match_named_char_ref (
+  const char *str,
+  size_t size,
+  int output[2]
+) {
+  int cs;
+  int act;
+  const char *p = str;
+  const char *pe = str + size;
+  const char *const eof = pe;
+  const char *ts;
+  const char *te;
+  output[0] = output[1] = kGumboNoChar;
+  %% write init;
+  %% write exec;
+  (void)ts;
+  (void)act;
+  size = p - str;
+  return cs >= %%{ write first_final; }%%? size:0;
+}
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/error.c b/gumbo-parser/src/error.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..581d11f846
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/error.c
@@ -0,0 +1,626 @@
+/*
+ Copyright 2010 Google Inc.
+
+ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "ascii.h"
+#include "error.h"
+#include "gumbo.h"
+#include "macros.h"
+#include "parser.h"
+#include "string_buffer.h"
+#include "util.h"
+#include "vector.h"
+
+// Prints a formatted message to a StringBuffer. This automatically resizes the
+// StringBuffer as necessary to fit the message. Returns the number of bytes
+// written.
+static int PRINTF(2) print_message (
+  GumboStringBuffer* output,
+  const char* format,
+  ...
+) {
+  va_list args;
+  int remaining_capacity = output->capacity - output->length;
+  va_start(args, format);
+  int bytes_written = vsnprintf (
+    output->data + output->length,
+    remaining_capacity,
+    format,
+    args
+  );
+  va_end(args);
+#if _MSC_VER && _MSC_VER < 1900
+  if (bytes_written == -1) {
+    // vsnprintf returns -1 on older MSVC++ if there's not enough capacity,
+    // instead of returning the number of bytes that would've been written had
+    // there been enough. In this case, we'll double the buffer size and hope
+    // it fits when we retry (letting it fail and returning 0 if it doesn't),
+    // since there's no way to smartly resize the buffer.
+    gumbo_string_buffer_reserve(output->capacity * 2, output);
+    va_start(args, format);
+    int result = vsnprintf (
+      output->data + output->length,
+      remaining_capacity,
+      format,
+      args
+    );
+    va_end(args);
+    return result == -1 ? 0 : result;
+  }
+#else
+  // -1 in standard C99 indicates an encoding error. Return 0 and do nothing.
+  if (bytes_written == -1) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+#endif
+
+  if (bytes_written >= remaining_capacity) {
+    gumbo_string_buffer_reserve(output->capacity + bytes_written, output);
+    remaining_capacity = output->capacity - output->length;
+    va_start(args, format);
+    bytes_written = vsnprintf (
+      output->data + output->length,
+      remaining_capacity,
+      format,
+      args
+    );
+    va_end(args);
+  }
+  output->length += bytes_written;
+  return bytes_written;
+}
+
+static void print_tag_stack (
+  const GumboParserError* error,
+  GumboStringBuffer* output
+) {
+  print_message(output, "  Currently open tags: ");
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < error->tag_stack.length; ++i) {
+    if (i) {
+      print_message(output, ", ");
+    }
+    GumboTag tag = (GumboTag) error->tag_stack.data[i];
+    print_message(output, "%s", gumbo_normalized_tagname(tag));
+  }
+  gumbo_string_buffer_append_codepoint('.', output);
+}
+
+static void handle_tokenizer_error (
+  const GumboError* error,
+  GumboStringBuffer* output
+) {
+  switch (error->type) {
+  case GUMBO_ERR_ABRUPT_CLOSING_OF_EMPTY_COMMENT:
+      print_message(output, "Empty comment abruptly closed by '%s', use '-->'.",
+                    error->v.tokenizer.state == GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_START? ">" : "->");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_ABRUPT_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTIFIER:
+    print_message (
+      output,
+      "DOCTYPE public identifier missing closing %s.",
+      error->v.tokenizer.state == GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_ID_DOUBLE_QUOTED?
+        "quotation mark (\")" : "apostrophe (')"
+    );
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_ABRUPT_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER:
+    print_message (
+      output,
+      "DOCTYPE system identifier missing closing %s.",
+      error->v.tokenizer.state == GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_ID_DOUBLE_QUOTED?
+        "quotation mark (\")" : "apostrophe (')"
+    );
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_ABSENCE_OF_DIGITS_IN_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE:
+    print_message (
+      output,
+      "Numeric character reference '%.*s' does not contain any %sdigits.",
+      (int)error->original_text.length, error->original_text.data,
+      error->v.tokenizer.state == GUMBO_LEX_HEXADECIMAL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_START? "hexadecimal " : ""
+    );
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_CDATA_IN_HTML_CONTENT:
+    print_message(output, "CDATA section outside foreign (SVG or MathML) content.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_OUTSIDE_UNICODE_RANGE:
+    print_message (
+      output,
+      "Numeric character reference '%.*s' references a code point that is outside the valid Unicode range.",
+      (int)error->original_text.length, error->original_text.data
+    );
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_IN_INPUT_STREAM:
+    print_message (
+      output,
+      "Input contains prohibited control code point U+%04X.",
+      error->v.tokenizer.codepoint
+    );
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE:
+    print_message (
+      output,
+      "Numeric character reference '%.*s' references prohibited control code point U+%04X.",
+      (int)error->original_text.length, error->original_text.data,
+      error->v.tokenizer.codepoint
+    );
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_END_TAG_WITH_ATTRIBUTES:
+    print_message(output, "End tag contains attributes.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_DUPLICATE_ATTRIBUTE:
+    print_message(output, "Tag contains multiple attributes with the same name.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_END_TAG_WITH_TRAILING_SOLIDUS:
+    print_message(output, "End tag ends with '/>', use '>'.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_EOF_BEFORE_TAG_NAME:
+    print_message(output, "End of input where a tag name is expected.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_CDATA:
+    print_message(output, "End of input in CDATA section.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_COMMENT:
+    print_message(output, "End of input in comment.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE:
+    print_message(output, "End of input in DOCTYPE.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_SCRIPT_HTML_COMMENT_LIKE_TEXT:
+    print_message(output, "End of input in text that resembles an HTML comment inside script element content.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG:
+    print_message(output, "End of input in tag.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_INCORRECTLY_CLOSED_COMMENT:
+    print_message(output, "Comment closed incorrectly by '--!>', use '-->'.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_INCORRECTLY_OPENED_COMMENT:
+    print_message(output, "Comment, DOCTYPE, or CDATA opened incorrectly, use '<!--', '<!DOCTYPE', or '<![CDATA['.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_INVALID_CHARACTER_SEQUENCE_AFTER_DOCTYPE_NAME:
+    print_message(output, "Invalid character sequence after DOCTYPE name, expected 'PUBLIC', 'SYSTEM', or '>'.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_INVALID_FIRST_CHARACTER_OF_TAG_NAME:
+    if (gumbo_ascii_isascii(error->v.tokenizer.codepoint)
+        && !gumbo_ascii_iscntrl(error->v.tokenizer.codepoint))
+      print_message(output, "Invalid first character of tag name '%c'.", error->v.tokenizer.codepoint);
+    else
+      print_message(output, "Invalid first code point of tag name U+%04X.", error->v.tokenizer.codepoint);
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE:
+    print_message(output, "Missing attribute value.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_DOCTYPE_NAME:
+    print_message(output, "Missing DOCTYPE name.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTIFIER:
+    print_message(output, "Missing DOCTYPE public identifier.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER:
+    print_message(output, "Missing DOCTYPE system identifier.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_END_TAG_NAME:
+    print_message(output, "Missing end tag name.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_QUOTE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTIFIER:
+    print_message(output, "Missing quote before DOCTYPE public identifier.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_QUOTE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER:
+    print_message(output, "Missing quote before DOCTYPE system identifier.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE:
+    print_message(output, "Missing semicolon after character reference '%.*s'.",
+                  (int)error->original_text.length, error->original_text.data);
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_AFTER_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_KEYWORD:
+    print_message(output, "Missing whitespace after 'PUBLIC' keyword.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_AFTER_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_KEYWORD:
+    print_message(output, "Missing whitespace after 'SYSTEM' keyword.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_NAME:
+    print_message(output, "Missing whitespace between 'DOCTYPE' keyword and DOCTYPE name.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_BETWEEN_ATTRIBUTES:
+    print_message(output, "Missing whitespace between attributes.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_BETWEEN_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_AND_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIERS:
+    print_message(output, "Missing whitespace between DOCTYPE public and system identifiers.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_NESTED_COMMENT:
+    print_message(output, "Nested comment.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_NONCHARACTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE:
+    print_message (
+      output,
+      "Numeric character reference '%.*s' references noncharacter U+%04X.",
+      (int)error->original_text.length, error->original_text.data,
+      error->v.tokenizer.codepoint
+    );
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_NONCHARACTER_IN_INPUT_STREAM:
+    print_message(output, "Input contains noncharacter U+%04X.", error->v.tokenizer.codepoint);
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_NON_VOID_HTML_ELEMENT_START_TAG_WITH_TRAILING_SOLIDUS:
+    print_message(output, "Start tag of nonvoid HTML element ends with '/>', use '>'.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_NULL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE:
+    print_message(output, "Numeric character reference '%.*s' references U+0000.",
+                  (int)error->original_text.length, error->original_text.data);
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_SURROGATE_CHARACTER_REFERENCE:
+    print_message (
+      output,
+      "Numeric character reference '%.*s' references surrogate U+%4X.",
+      (int)error->original_text.length, error->original_text.data,
+      error->v.tokenizer.codepoint
+    );
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_SURROGATE_IN_INPUT_STREAM:
+    print_message(output, "Input contains surrogate U+%04X.", error->v.tokenizer.codepoint);
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_CHARACTER_AFTER_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER:
+    print_message(output, "Unexpected character after DOCTYPE system identifier.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_CHARACTER_IN_ATTRIBUTE_NAME:
+    print_message(output, "Unexpected character (%c) in attribute name.", error->v.tokenizer.codepoint);
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_CHARACTER_IN_UNQUOTED_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE:
+    print_message(output, "Unexpected character (%c) in unquoted attribute value.", error->v.tokenizer.codepoint);
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_EQUALS_SIGN_BEFORE_ATTRIBUTE_NAME:
+    print_message(output, "Unexpected '=' before an attribute name.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER:
+    print_message(output, "Input contains unexpected U+0000.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_QUESTION_MARK_INSTEAD_OF_TAG_NAME:
+    print_message(output, "Unexpected '?' where start tag name is expected.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_SOLIDUS_IN_TAG:
+    print_message(output, "Unexpected '/' in tag.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_UNKNOWN_NAMED_CHARACTER_REFERENCE:
+    print_message(output, "Unknown named character reference '%.*s'.",
+                  (int)error->original_text.length, error->original_text.data);
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_UTF8_INVALID:
+    print_message(output, "Invalid UTF8 encoding.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_UTF8_TRUNCATED:
+    print_message(output, "UTF8 character truncated.");
+    break;
+  case GUMBO_ERR_PARSER:
+    assert(0 && "Unreachable.");
+  }
+}
+static void handle_parser_error (
+  const GumboParserError* error,
+  GumboStringBuffer* output
+) {
+  if (
+    error->parser_state == GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_INITIAL
+    && error->input_type != GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE
+  ) {
+    print_message (
+      output,
+      "Expected a doctype token"
+    );
+    return;
+  }
+
+  switch (error->input_type) {
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE:
+      print_message(output, "This is not a legal doctype");
+      return;
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT:
+      // Should never happen; comments are always legal.
+      assert(0);
+      // But just in case...
+      print_message(output, "Comments aren't legal here");
+      return;
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_CDATA:
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE:
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER:
+      print_message(output, "Character tokens aren't legal here");
+      return;
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_NULL:
+      print_message(output, "Null bytes are not allowed in HTML5");
+      return;
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_EOF:
+      if (error->parser_state == GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_INITIAL) {
+        print_message(output, "You must provide a doctype");
+      } else {
+        print_message(output, "Premature end of file");
+        print_tag_stack(error, output);
+      }
+      return;
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG:
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_END_TAG:
+      print_message(output, "That tag isn't allowed here");
+      print_tag_stack(error, output);
+      // TODO(jdtang): Give more specific messaging.
+      return;
+  }
+}
+
+// Finds the preceding newline in an original source buffer from a given byte
+// location. Returns a character pointer to the character after that, or a
+// pointer to the beginning of the string if this is the first line.
+static const char* find_prev_newline (
+  const char* source_text,
+  size_t source_length,
+  const char* error_location
+) {
+  const char* source_end = source_text + source_length;
+  assert(error_location >= source_text);
+  assert(error_location <= source_end);
+  const char* c = error_location;
+  if (c != source_text && (error_location == source_end || *c == '\n'))
+    --c;
+  while (c != source_text && *c != '\n')
+    --c;
+  return c == source_text ? c : c + 1;
+}
+
+// Finds the next newline in the original source buffer from a given byte
+// location. Returns a character pointer to that newline, or a pointer to
+// source_text + source_length if this is the last line.
+static const char* find_next_newline(
+  const char* source_text,
+  size_t source_length,
+  const char* error_location
+) {
+  const char* source_end = source_text + source_length;
+  assert(error_location >= source_text);
+  assert(error_location <= source_end);
+  const char* c = error_location;
+  while (c != source_end && *c != '\n')
+    ++c;
+  return c;
+}
+
+GumboError* gumbo_add_error(GumboParser* parser) {
+  parser->_output->document_error = true;
+
+  int max_errors = parser->_options->max_errors;
+  if (max_errors >= 0 && parser->_output->errors.length >= (unsigned int) max_errors) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  GumboError* error = gumbo_alloc(sizeof(GumboError));
+  gumbo_vector_add(error, &parser->_output->errors);
+  return error;
+}
+
+GumboSourcePosition gumbo_error_position(const GumboError* error) {
+  return error->position;
+}
+
+const char* gumbo_error_code(const GumboError* error) {
+  switch (error->type) {
+  // Defined tokenizer errors.
+  case GUMBO_ERR_ABRUPT_CLOSING_OF_EMPTY_COMMENT:
+    return "abrupt-closing-of-empty-comment";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_ABRUPT_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTIFIER:
+    return "abrupt-doctype-public-identifier";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_ABRUPT_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER:
+    return "abrupt-doctype-system-identifier";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_ABSENCE_OF_DIGITS_IN_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE:
+    return "absence-of-digits-in-numeric-character-reference";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_CDATA_IN_HTML_CONTENT:
+    return "cdata-in-html-content";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_OUTSIDE_UNICODE_RANGE:
+    return "character-reference-outside-unicode-range";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_IN_INPUT_STREAM:
+    return "control-character-in-input-stream";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE:
+    return "control-character-reference";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_END_TAG_WITH_ATTRIBUTES:
+    return "end-tag-with-attributes";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_DUPLICATE_ATTRIBUTE:
+    return "duplicate-attribute";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_END_TAG_WITH_TRAILING_SOLIDUS:
+    return "end-tag-with-trailing-solidus";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_EOF_BEFORE_TAG_NAME:
+    return "eof-before-tag-name";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_CDATA:
+    return "eof-in-cdata";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_COMMENT:
+    return "eof-in-comment";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE:
+    return "eof-in-doctype";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_SCRIPT_HTML_COMMENT_LIKE_TEXT:
+    return "eof-in-script-html-comment-like-text";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG:
+    return "eof-in-tag";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_INCORRECTLY_CLOSED_COMMENT:
+    return "incorrectly-closed-comment";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_INCORRECTLY_OPENED_COMMENT:
+    return "incorrectly-opened-comment";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_INVALID_CHARACTER_SEQUENCE_AFTER_DOCTYPE_NAME:
+    return "invalid-character-sequence-after-doctype-name";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_INVALID_FIRST_CHARACTER_OF_TAG_NAME:
+    return "invalid-first-character-of-tag-name";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE:
+    return "missing-attribute-value";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_DOCTYPE_NAME:
+    return "missing-doctype-name";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTIFIER:
+    return "missing-doctype-public-identifier";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER:
+    return "missing-doctype-system-identifier";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_END_TAG_NAME:
+    return "missing-end-tag-name";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_QUOTE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTIFIER:
+    return "missing-quote-before-doctype-public-identifier";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_QUOTE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER:
+    return "missing-quote-before-doctype-system-identifier";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE:
+    return "missing-semicolon-after-character-reference";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_AFTER_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_KEYWORD:
+    return "missing-whitespace-after-doctype-public-keyword";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_AFTER_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_KEYWORD:
+    return "missing-whitespace-after-doctype-system-keyword";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_NAME:
+    return "missing-whitespace-before-doctype-name";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_BETWEEN_ATTRIBUTES:
+    return "missing-whitespace-between-attributes";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_BETWEEN_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_AND_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIERS:
+    return "missing-whitespace-between-doctype-public-and-system-identifiers";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_NESTED_COMMENT:
+    return "nested-comment";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_NONCHARACTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE:
+    return "noncharacter-character-reference";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_NONCHARACTER_IN_INPUT_STREAM:
+    return "noncharacter-in-input-stream";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_NON_VOID_HTML_ELEMENT_START_TAG_WITH_TRAILING_SOLIDUS:
+    return "non-void-html-element-start-tag-with-trailing-solidus";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_NULL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE:
+    return "null-character-reference";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_SURROGATE_CHARACTER_REFERENCE:
+    return "surrogate-character-reference";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_SURROGATE_IN_INPUT_STREAM:
+    return "surrogate-in-input-stream";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_CHARACTER_AFTER_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER:
+    return "unexpected-character-after-doctype-system-identifier";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_CHARACTER_IN_ATTRIBUTE_NAME:
+    return "unexpected-character-in-attribute-name";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_CHARACTER_IN_UNQUOTED_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE:
+    return "unexpected-character-in-unquoted-attribute-value";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_EQUALS_SIGN_BEFORE_ATTRIBUTE_NAME:
+    return "unexpected-equals-sign-before-attribute-name";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER:
+    return "unexpected-null-character";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_QUESTION_MARK_INSTEAD_OF_TAG_NAME:
+    return "unexpected-question-mark-instead-of-tag-name";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_SOLIDUS_IN_TAG:
+    return "unexpected-solidus-in-tag";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_UNKNOWN_NAMED_CHARACTER_REFERENCE:
+    return "unknown-named-character-reference";
+
+  // Encoding errors.
+  case GUMBO_ERR_UTF8_INVALID:
+    return "utf8-invalid";
+  case GUMBO_ERR_UTF8_TRUNCATED:
+    return "utf8-truncated";
+
+  // Generic parser error.
+  case GUMBO_ERR_PARSER:
+    return "generic-parser";
+  }
+  // Silence warning about control reaching end of non-void function.
+  // All errors _should_ be handled in the switch statement.
+  return "generic-parser";
+}
+
+static void error_to_string (
+  const GumboError* error,
+  GumboStringBuffer* output
+) {
+  if (error->type < GUMBO_ERR_PARSER)
+    handle_tokenizer_error(error, output);
+  else
+    handle_parser_error(&error->v.parser, output);
+}
+
+size_t gumbo_error_to_string(const GumboError* error, char** output) {
+  GumboStringBuffer sb;
+  gumbo_string_buffer_init(&sb);
+  error_to_string(error, &sb);
+  *output = sb.data;
+  return sb.length;
+}
+
+void caret_diagnostic_to_string (
+  const GumboError* error,
+  const char* source_text,
+  size_t source_length,
+  GumboStringBuffer* output
+) {
+  error_to_string(error, output);
+
+  const char* error_text = error->original_text.data;
+  const char* line_start = find_prev_newline(source_text, source_length, error_text);
+  const char* line_end = find_next_newline(source_text, source_length, error_text);
+  GumboStringPiece original_line;
+  original_line.data = line_start;
+  original_line.length = line_end - line_start;
+
+  gumbo_string_buffer_append_codepoint('\n', output);
+  gumbo_string_buffer_append_string(&original_line, output);
+  gumbo_string_buffer_append_codepoint('\n', output);
+  gumbo_string_buffer_reserve(output->length + error->position.column, output);
+  if (error->position.column >= 2) {
+    size_t num_spaces = error->position.column - 1;
+    memset(output->data + output->length, ' ', num_spaces);
+    output->length += num_spaces;
+  }
+  gumbo_string_buffer_append_codepoint('^', output);
+  gumbo_string_buffer_append_codepoint('\n', output);
+}
+
+size_t gumbo_caret_diagnostic_to_string (
+  const GumboError* error,
+  const char* source_text,
+  size_t source_length,
+  char **output
+) {
+  GumboStringBuffer sb;
+  gumbo_string_buffer_init(&sb);
+  caret_diagnostic_to_string(error, source_text, source_length, &sb);
+  *output = sb.data;
+  return sb.length;
+}
+
+void gumbo_print_caret_diagnostic (
+  const GumboError* error,
+  const char* source_text,
+  size_t source_length
+) {
+  GumboStringBuffer text;
+  gumbo_string_buffer_init(&text);
+  print_message (
+    &text,
+    "%lu:%lu: ",
+    (unsigned long)error->position.line,
+    (unsigned long)error->position.column
+  );
+
+  caret_diagnostic_to_string(error, source_text, source_length, &text);
+  printf("%.*s", (int) text.length, text.data);
+  gumbo_string_buffer_destroy(&text);
+}
+
+void gumbo_error_destroy(GumboError* error) {
+  if (error->type == GUMBO_ERR_PARSER) {
+    gumbo_vector_destroy(&error->v.parser.tag_stack);
+  }
+  gumbo_free(error);
+}
+
+void gumbo_init_errors(GumboParser* parser) {
+  gumbo_vector_init(5, &parser->_output->errors);
+}
+
+void gumbo_destroy_errors(GumboParser* parser) {
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < parser->_output->errors.length; ++i) {
+    gumbo_error_destroy(parser->_output->errors.data[i]);
+  }
+  gumbo_vector_destroy(&parser->_output->errors);
+}
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/error.h b/gumbo-parser/src/error.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8e123db713
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/error.h
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+#ifndef GUMBO_ERROR_H_
+#define GUMBO_ERROR_H_
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "gumbo.h"
+#include "insertion_mode.h"
+#include "string_buffer.h"
+#include "token_type.h"
+#include "tokenizer_states.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+struct GumboInternalParser;
+
+typedef enum {
+  // Defined errors.
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parse-errors
+  GUMBO_ERR_ABRUPT_CLOSING_OF_EMPTY_COMMENT,
+  GUMBO_ERR_ABRUPT_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTIFIER,
+  GUMBO_ERR_ABRUPT_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER,
+  GUMBO_ERR_ABSENCE_OF_DIGITS_IN_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE,
+  GUMBO_ERR_CDATA_IN_HTML_CONTENT,
+  GUMBO_ERR_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_OUTSIDE_UNICODE_RANGE,
+  GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_IN_INPUT_STREAM,
+  GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE,
+  GUMBO_ERR_END_TAG_WITH_ATTRIBUTES,
+  GUMBO_ERR_DUPLICATE_ATTRIBUTE,
+  GUMBO_ERR_END_TAG_WITH_TRAILING_SOLIDUS,
+  GUMBO_ERR_EOF_BEFORE_TAG_NAME,
+  GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_CDATA,
+  GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_COMMENT,
+  GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE,
+  GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_SCRIPT_HTML_COMMENT_LIKE_TEXT,
+  GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG,
+  GUMBO_ERR_INCORRECTLY_CLOSED_COMMENT,
+  GUMBO_ERR_INCORRECTLY_OPENED_COMMENT,
+  GUMBO_ERR_INVALID_CHARACTER_SEQUENCE_AFTER_DOCTYPE_NAME,
+  GUMBO_ERR_INVALID_FIRST_CHARACTER_OF_TAG_NAME,
+  GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE,
+  GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_DOCTYPE_NAME,
+  GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTIFIER,
+  GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER,
+  GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_END_TAG_NAME,
+  GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_QUOTE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTIFIER,
+  GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_QUOTE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER,
+  GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE,
+  GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_AFTER_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_KEYWORD,
+  GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_AFTER_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_KEYWORD,
+  GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_NAME,
+  GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_BETWEEN_ATTRIBUTES,
+  GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_BETWEEN_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_AND_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIERS,
+  GUMBO_ERR_NESTED_COMMENT,
+  GUMBO_ERR_NONCHARACTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE,
+  GUMBO_ERR_NONCHARACTER_IN_INPUT_STREAM,
+  GUMBO_ERR_NON_VOID_HTML_ELEMENT_START_TAG_WITH_TRAILING_SOLIDUS,
+  GUMBO_ERR_NULL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE,
+  GUMBO_ERR_SURROGATE_CHARACTER_REFERENCE,
+  GUMBO_ERR_SURROGATE_IN_INPUT_STREAM,
+  GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_CHARACTER_AFTER_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER,
+  GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_CHARACTER_IN_ATTRIBUTE_NAME,
+  GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_CHARACTER_IN_UNQUOTED_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE,
+  GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_EQUALS_SIGN_BEFORE_ATTRIBUTE_NAME,
+  GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER,
+  GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_QUESTION_MARK_INSTEAD_OF_TAG_NAME,
+  GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_SOLIDUS_IN_TAG,
+  GUMBO_ERR_UNKNOWN_NAMED_CHARACTER_REFERENCE,
+
+  // Encoding errors.
+  GUMBO_ERR_UTF8_INVALID,
+  GUMBO_ERR_UTF8_TRUNCATED,
+
+  // Generic parser error.
+  GUMBO_ERR_PARSER,
+} GumboErrorType;
+
+// Additional data for tokenizer errors.
+// This records the current state and codepoint encountered - this is usually
+// enough to reconstruct what went wrong and provide a friendly error message.
+typedef struct GumboInternalTokenizerError {
+  // The bad codepoint encountered.
+  int codepoint;
+
+  // The state that the tokenizer was in at the time.
+  GumboTokenizerEnum state;
+} GumboTokenizerError;
+
+// Additional data for parse errors.
+typedef struct GumboInternalParserError {
+  // The type of input token that resulted in this error.
+  GumboTokenType input_type;
+
+  // The HTML tag of the input token. TAG_UNKNOWN if this was not a tag token.
+  GumboTag input_tag;
+
+  // The insertion mode that the parser was in at the time.
+  GumboInsertionMode parser_state;
+
+  // The tag stack at the point of the error. Note that this is an GumboVector
+  // of GumboTag's *stored by value* - cast the void* to an GumboTag directly to
+  // get at the tag.
+  GumboVector /* GumboTag */ tag_stack;
+} GumboParserError;
+
+// The overall error struct representing an error in decoding/tokenizing/parsing
+// the HTML. This contains an enumerated type flag, a source position, and then
+// a union of fields containing data specific to the error.
+struct GumboInternalError {
+  // The type of error.
+  GumboErrorType type;
+
+  // The position within the source file where the error occurred.
+  GumboSourcePosition position;
+
+  // The piece of text that caused the error.
+  GumboStringPiece original_text;
+
+  // Type-specific error information.
+  union {
+    // Tokenizer errors.
+    GumboTokenizerError tokenizer;
+
+    // Parser errors.
+    GumboParserError parser;
+  } v;
+};
+
+// Adds a new error to the parser's error list, and returns a pointer to it so
+// that clients can fill out the rest of its fields. May return NULL if we're
+// already over the max_errors field specified in GumboOptions.
+GumboError* gumbo_add_error(struct GumboInternalParser* parser);
+
+// Initializes the errors vector in the parser.
+void gumbo_init_errors(struct GumboInternalParser* errors);
+
+// Frees all the errors in the 'errors_' field of the parser.
+void gumbo_destroy_errors(struct GumboInternalParser* errors);
+
+// Frees the memory used for a single GumboError.
+void gumbo_error_destroy(GumboError* error);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif // GUMBO_ERROR_H_
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/foreign_attrs.c b/gumbo-parser/src/foreign_attrs.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7a77a18840
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/foreign_attrs.c
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+/* ANSI-C code produced by gperf version 3.1 */
+/* Command-line: gperf -m100 -n lib/foreign_attrs.gperf  */
+/* Computed positions: -k'2,8' */
+/* Filtered by: mk/gperf-filter.sed */
+
+#include "replacement.h"
+#include "macros.h"
+#include <string.h>
+
+#define TOTAL_KEYWORDS 11
+#define MIN_WORD_LENGTH 5
+#define MAX_WORD_LENGTH 13
+#define MIN_HASH_VALUE 0
+#define MAX_HASH_VALUE 10
+/* maximum key range = 11, duplicates = 0 */
+
+static inline unsigned int
+hash (register const char *str, register size_t len)
+{
+  static const unsigned char asso_values[] =
+    {
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,  2,
+      11, 10, 11,  9,  7,  6, 11, 11,  1,  0,
+      11,  5, 11, 11,  4, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11,  3, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11
+    };
+  register unsigned int hval = 0;
+
+  switch (len)
+    {
+      default:
+        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[7]];
+      /*FALLTHROUGH*/
+      case 7:
+      case 6:
+      case 5:
+      case 4:
+      case 3:
+      case 2:
+        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[1]];
+        break;
+    }
+  return hval;
+}
+
+const ForeignAttrReplacement *
+gumbo_get_foreign_attr_replacement (register const char *str, register size_t len)
+{
+  static const unsigned char lengthtable[] =
+    {
+       5, 11,  9, 13, 10, 10, 10, 11, 10,  8,  8
+    };
+  static const ForeignAttrReplacement wordlist[] =
+    {
+      {"xmlns", "xmlns", GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XMLNS},
+      {"xmlns:xlink", "xlink", GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XMLNS},
+      {"xml:space", "space", GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XML},
+      {"xlink:actuate", "actuate", GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XLINK},
+      {"xlink:type", "type", GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XLINK},
+      {"xlink:href", "href", GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XLINK},
+      {"xlink:role", "role", GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XLINK},
+      {"xlink:title", "title", GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XLINK},
+      {"xlink:show", "show", GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XLINK},
+      {"xml:lang", "lang", GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XML},
+      {"xml:base", "base", GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XML}
+    };
+
+  if (len <= MAX_WORD_LENGTH && len >= MIN_WORD_LENGTH)
+    {
+      register unsigned int key = hash (str, len);
+
+      if (key <= MAX_HASH_VALUE)
+        if (len == lengthtable[key])
+          {
+            register const char *s = wordlist[key].from;
+
+            if (s && *str == *s && !memcmp (str + 1, s + 1, len - 1))
+              return &wordlist[key];
+          }
+    }
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/foreign_attrs.gperf b/gumbo-parser/src/foreign_attrs.gperf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..91a0aa40b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/foreign_attrs.gperf
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+%{
+#include "replacement.h"
+#include "macros.h"
+%}
+
+%struct-type
+%omit-struct-type
+%compare-lengths
+%readonly-tables
+%null-strings
+%includes
+%define lookup-function-name gumbo_get_foreign_attr_replacement
+%define slot-name from
+ForeignAttrReplacement;
+
+%%
+"xlink:actuate", "actuate", GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XLINK
+"xlink:href", "href", GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XLINK
+"xlink:role", "role", GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XLINK
+"xlink:show", "show", GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XLINK
+"xlink:title", "title", GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XLINK
+"xlink:type", "type", GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XLINK
+"xml:base", "base", GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XML
+"xml:lang", "lang", GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XML
+"xml:space", "space", GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XML
+"xmlns", "xmlns", GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XMLNS
+"xmlns:xlink", "xlink", GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XMLNS
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/gumbo.h b/gumbo-parser/src/gumbo.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..318c83eabd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/gumbo.h
@@ -0,0 +1,943 @@
+// Copyright 2010 Google Inc.
+// Copyright 2018 Craig Barnes.
+// Licensed under the Apache License, version 2.0.
+
+// We use Gumbo as a prefix for types, gumbo_ as a prefix for functions,
+// GUMBO_ as a prefix for enum constants and kGumbo as a prefix for
+// static constants
+
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @mainpage Gumbo HTML Parser
+ *
+ * This provides a conformant, no-dependencies implementation of the
+ * [HTML5] parsing algorithm. It supports only UTF-8 -- if you need
+ * to parse a different encoding, run a preprocessing step to convert
+ * to UTF-8. It returns a parse tree made of the structs in this file.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ * @code
+ *    GumboOutput* output = gumbo_parse(input);
+ *    do_something_with_doctype(output->document);
+ *    do_something_with_html_tree(output->root);
+ *    gumbo_destroy_output(output);
+ * @endcode
+ *
+ * [HTML5]: https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/
+ */
+
+#ifndef GUMBO_H
+#define GUMBO_H
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * A struct representing a character position within the original text
+ * buffer. Line and column numbers are 1-based and offsets are 0-based,
+ * which matches how most editors and command-line tools work.
+ */
+typedef struct {
+  size_t line;
+  size_t column;
+  size_t offset;
+} GumboSourcePosition;
+
+/**
+ * A struct representing a string or part of a string. Strings within
+ * the parser are represented by a `char*` and a length; the `char*`
+ * points into an existing data buffer owned by some other code (often
+ * the original input). `GumboStringPiece`s are assumed (by convention)
+ * to be immutable, because they may share data. Clients should assume
+ * that it is not NUL-terminated and should always use explicit lengths
+ * when manipulating them.
+ */
+typedef struct {
+  /** A pointer to the beginning of the string. `NULL` if `length == 0`. */
+  const char* data;
+
+  /** The length of the string fragment, in bytes (may be zero). */
+  size_t length;
+} GumboStringPiece;
+
+#define GUMBO_EMPTY_STRING_INIT { .data = NULL, .length = 0 }
+/** A constant to represent a 0-length null string. */
+#define kGumboEmptyString (const GumboStringPiece)GUMBO_EMPTY_STRING_INIT
+
+/**
+ * Compares two `GumboStringPiece`s, and returns `true` if they're
+ * equal or `false` otherwise.
+ */
+bool gumbo_string_equals (
+  const GumboStringPiece* str1,
+  const GumboStringPiece* str2
+);
+
+/**
+ * Compares two `GumboStringPiece`s, ignoring case, and returns `true`
+ * if they're equal or `false` otherwise.
+ */
+bool gumbo_string_equals_ignore_case (
+  const GumboStringPiece* str1,
+  const GumboStringPiece* str2
+);
+
+/**
+ * Check if the first `GumboStringPiece` is a prefix of the second, ignoring
+ * case.
+ */
+bool gumbo_string_prefix_ignore_case (
+  const GumboStringPiece* prefix,
+  const GumboStringPiece* str
+);
+
+/**
+ * A simple vector implementation. This stores a pointer to a data array
+ * and a length. All elements are stored as `void*`; client code must
+ * cast to the appropriate type. Overflows upon addition result in
+ * reallocation of the data array, with the size doubling to maintain
+ * `O(1)` amortized cost. There is no removal function, as this isn't
+ * needed for any of the operations within this library. Iteration can
+ * be done through inspecting the structure directly in a `for` loop.
+ */
+typedef struct {
+  /**
+   * Data elements. This points to a dynamically-allocated array of
+   * `capacity` elements, each a `void*` to the element itself.
+   */
+  void** data;
+
+  /** Number of elements currently in the vector. */
+  unsigned int length;
+
+  /** Current array capacity. */
+  unsigned int capacity;
+} GumboVector;
+
+# define GUMBO_EMPTY_VECTOR_INIT { .data = NULL, .length = 0, .capacity = 0 }
+/** An empty (0-length, 0-capacity) `GumboVector`. */
+#define kGumboEmptyVector (const GumboVector)GUMBO_EMPTY_VECTOR_INIT
+
+/**
+ * Returns the first index at which an element appears in this vector
+ * (testing by pointer equality), or `-1` if it never does.
+ */
+int gumbo_vector_index_of(GumboVector* vector, const void* element);
+
+/**
+ * An `enum` for all the tags defined in the HTML5 standard. These
+ * correspond to the tag names themselves. Enum constants exist only
+ * for tags that appear in the spec itself (or for tags with special
+ * handling in the SVG and MathML namespaces). Any other tags appear
+ * as `GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN` and the actual tag name can be obtained
+ * through `original_tag`.
+ *
+ * This is mostly for API convenience, so that clients of this library
+ * don't need to perform a `strcasecmp` to find the normalized tag
+ * name. It also has efficiency benefits, by letting the parser work
+ * with enums instead of strings.
+ */
+typedef enum {
+  GUMBO_TAG_HTML,
+  GUMBO_TAG_HEAD,
+  GUMBO_TAG_TITLE,
+  GUMBO_TAG_BASE,
+  GUMBO_TAG_LINK,
+  GUMBO_TAG_META,
+  GUMBO_TAG_STYLE,
+  GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT,
+  GUMBO_TAG_NOSCRIPT,
+  GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE,
+  GUMBO_TAG_BODY,
+  GUMBO_TAG_ARTICLE,
+  GUMBO_TAG_SECTION,
+  GUMBO_TAG_NAV,
+  GUMBO_TAG_ASIDE,
+  GUMBO_TAG_H1,
+  GUMBO_TAG_H2,
+  GUMBO_TAG_H3,
+  GUMBO_TAG_H4,
+  GUMBO_TAG_H5,
+  GUMBO_TAG_H6,
+  GUMBO_TAG_HGROUP,
+  GUMBO_TAG_HEADER,
+  GUMBO_TAG_FOOTER,
+  GUMBO_TAG_ADDRESS,
+  GUMBO_TAG_P,
+  GUMBO_TAG_HR,
+  GUMBO_TAG_PRE,
+  GUMBO_TAG_BLOCKQUOTE,
+  GUMBO_TAG_OL,
+  GUMBO_TAG_UL,
+  GUMBO_TAG_LI,
+  GUMBO_TAG_DL,
+  GUMBO_TAG_DT,
+  GUMBO_TAG_DD,
+  GUMBO_TAG_FIGURE,
+  GUMBO_TAG_FIGCAPTION,
+  GUMBO_TAG_MAIN,
+  GUMBO_TAG_DIV,
+  GUMBO_TAG_A,
+  GUMBO_TAG_EM,
+  GUMBO_TAG_STRONG,
+  GUMBO_TAG_SMALL,
+  GUMBO_TAG_S,
+  GUMBO_TAG_CITE,
+  GUMBO_TAG_Q,
+  GUMBO_TAG_DFN,
+  GUMBO_TAG_ABBR,
+  GUMBO_TAG_DATA,
+  GUMBO_TAG_TIME,
+  GUMBO_TAG_CODE,
+  GUMBO_TAG_VAR,
+  GUMBO_TAG_SAMP,
+  GUMBO_TAG_KBD,
+  GUMBO_TAG_SUB,
+  GUMBO_TAG_SUP,
+  GUMBO_TAG_I,
+  GUMBO_TAG_B,
+  GUMBO_TAG_U,
+  GUMBO_TAG_MARK,
+  GUMBO_TAG_RUBY,
+  GUMBO_TAG_RT,
+  GUMBO_TAG_RP,
+  GUMBO_TAG_BDI,
+  GUMBO_TAG_BDO,
+  GUMBO_TAG_SPAN,
+  GUMBO_TAG_BR,
+  GUMBO_TAG_WBR,
+  GUMBO_TAG_INS,
+  GUMBO_TAG_DEL,
+  GUMBO_TAG_IMAGE,
+  GUMBO_TAG_IMG,
+  GUMBO_TAG_IFRAME,
+  GUMBO_TAG_EMBED,
+  GUMBO_TAG_OBJECT,
+  GUMBO_TAG_PARAM,
+  GUMBO_TAG_VIDEO,
+  GUMBO_TAG_AUDIO,
+  GUMBO_TAG_SOURCE,
+  GUMBO_TAG_TRACK,
+  GUMBO_TAG_CANVAS,
+  GUMBO_TAG_MAP,
+  GUMBO_TAG_AREA,
+  GUMBO_TAG_MATH,
+  GUMBO_TAG_MI,
+  GUMBO_TAG_MO,
+  GUMBO_TAG_MN,
+  GUMBO_TAG_MS,
+  GUMBO_TAG_MTEXT,
+  GUMBO_TAG_MGLYPH,
+  GUMBO_TAG_MALIGNMARK,
+  GUMBO_TAG_ANNOTATION_XML,
+  GUMBO_TAG_SVG,
+  GUMBO_TAG_FOREIGNOBJECT,
+  GUMBO_TAG_DESC,
+  GUMBO_TAG_TABLE,
+  GUMBO_TAG_CAPTION,
+  GUMBO_TAG_COLGROUP,
+  GUMBO_TAG_COL,
+  GUMBO_TAG_TBODY,
+  GUMBO_TAG_THEAD,
+  GUMBO_TAG_TFOOT,
+  GUMBO_TAG_TR,
+  GUMBO_TAG_TD,
+  GUMBO_TAG_TH,
+  GUMBO_TAG_FORM,
+  GUMBO_TAG_FIELDSET,
+  GUMBO_TAG_LEGEND,
+  GUMBO_TAG_LABEL,
+  GUMBO_TAG_INPUT,
+  GUMBO_TAG_BUTTON,
+  GUMBO_TAG_SELECT,
+  GUMBO_TAG_DATALIST,
+  GUMBO_TAG_OPTGROUP,
+  GUMBO_TAG_OPTION,
+  GUMBO_TAG_TEXTAREA,
+  GUMBO_TAG_KEYGEN,
+  GUMBO_TAG_OUTPUT,
+  GUMBO_TAG_PROGRESS,
+  GUMBO_TAG_METER,
+  GUMBO_TAG_DETAILS,
+  GUMBO_TAG_SUMMARY,
+  GUMBO_TAG_MENU,
+  GUMBO_TAG_MENUITEM,
+  GUMBO_TAG_APPLET,
+  GUMBO_TAG_ACRONYM,
+  GUMBO_TAG_BGSOUND,
+  GUMBO_TAG_DIR,
+  GUMBO_TAG_FRAME,
+  GUMBO_TAG_FRAMESET,
+  GUMBO_TAG_NOFRAMES,
+  GUMBO_TAG_LISTING,
+  GUMBO_TAG_XMP,
+  GUMBO_TAG_NEXTID,
+  GUMBO_TAG_NOEMBED,
+  GUMBO_TAG_PLAINTEXT,
+  GUMBO_TAG_RB,
+  GUMBO_TAG_STRIKE,
+  GUMBO_TAG_BASEFONT,
+  GUMBO_TAG_BIG,
+  GUMBO_TAG_BLINK,
+  GUMBO_TAG_CENTER,
+  GUMBO_TAG_FONT,
+  GUMBO_TAG_MARQUEE,
+  GUMBO_TAG_MULTICOL,
+  GUMBO_TAG_NOBR,
+  GUMBO_TAG_SPACER,
+  GUMBO_TAG_TT,
+  GUMBO_TAG_RTC,
+  GUMBO_TAG_DIALOG,
+  // Used for all tags that don't have special handling in HTML.
+  GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN,
+  // A marker value to indicate the end of the enum, for iterating over it.
+  GUMBO_TAG_LAST,
+} GumboTag;
+
+/**
+ * Returns the normalized (all lower case) tag name for a `GumboTag` enum. The
+ * return value is static data owned by the library.
+ */
+const char* gumbo_normalized_tagname(GumboTag tag);
+
+/**
+ * Extracts the tag name from the `original_text` field of an element
+ * or token by stripping off `</>` characters and attributes and
+ * adjusting the passed-in `GumboStringPiece` appropriately. The tag
+ * name is in the original case and shares a buffer with the original
+ * text, to simplify memory management. Behavior is undefined if a
+ * string piece that doesn't represent an HTML tag (`<tagname>` or
+ * `</tagname>`) is passed in. If the string piece is completely
+ * empty (`NULL` data pointer), then this function will exit
+ * successfully as a no-op.
+ */
+void gumbo_tag_from_original_text(GumboStringPiece* text);
+
+/**
+ * Fixes the case of SVG elements that are not all lowercase. This is
+ * not done at parse time because there's no place to store a mutated
+ * tag name. `tag_name` is an enum (which will be `TAG_UNKNOWN` for most
+ * SVG tags without special handling), while `original_tag_name` is a
+ * pointer into the original buffer. Instead, we provide this helper
+ * function that clients can use to rename SVG tags as appropriate.
+ * Returns the case-normalized SVG tagname if a replacement is found, or
+ * `NULL` if no normalization is called for. The return value is static
+ * data and owned by the library.
+ *
+ * @see https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parsing-main-inforeign
+ */
+const char* gumbo_normalize_svg_tagname(const GumboStringPiece* tagname);
+
+/**
+ * Converts a tag name string (which may be in upper or mixed case) to a
+ * tag enum.
+ */
+GumboTag gumbo_tagn_enum(const char* tagname, size_t length);
+
+/**
+ * Attribute namespaces.
+ * HTML includes special handling for XLink, XML, and XMLNS namespaces
+ * on attributes. Everything else goes in the generic "NONE" namespace.
+ */
+typedef enum {
+  GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_NONE,
+  GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XLINK,
+  GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XML,
+  GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_XMLNS,
+} GumboAttributeNamespaceEnum;
+
+/**
+ * A struct representing a single attribute on a HTML tag. This is a
+ * name-value pair, but also includes information about source locations
+ * and original source text.
+ */
+typedef struct {
+  /**
+   * The namespace for the attribute. This will usually be
+   * `GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_NONE`, but some XLink/XMLNS/XML attributes
+   * take special values, per:
+   * https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#adjust-foreign-attributes
+   */
+  GumboAttributeNamespaceEnum attr_namespace;
+
+  /**
+   * The name of the attribute. This is in a freshly-allocated buffer to
+   * deal with case-normalization and is null-terminated.
+   */
+  const char* name;
+
+  /**
+   * The original text of the attribute name, as a pointer into the
+   * original source buffer.
+   */
+  GumboStringPiece original_name;
+
+  /**
+   * The value of the attribute. This is in a freshly-allocated buffer
+   * to deal with unescaping and is null-terminated. It does not include
+   * any quotes that surround the attribute. If the attribute has no
+   * value (for example, `selected` on a checkbox) this will be an empty
+   * string.
+   */
+  const char* value;
+
+  /**
+   * The original text of the value of the attribute. This points into
+   * the original source buffer. It includes any quotes that surround
+   * the attribute and you can look at `original_value.data[0]` and
+   * `original_value.data[original_value.length - 1]` to determine what
+   * the quote characters were. If the attribute has no value this will
+   * be a 0-length string.
+   */
+  GumboStringPiece original_value;
+
+  /** The starting position of the attribute name. */
+  GumboSourcePosition name_start;
+
+  /**
+   * The ending position of the attribute name. This is not always derivable
+   * from the starting position of the value because of the possibility of
+   * whitespace around the `=` sign.
+   */
+  GumboSourcePosition name_end;
+
+  /** The starting position of the attribute value. */
+  GumboSourcePosition value_start;
+
+  /** The ending position of the attribute value. */
+  GumboSourcePosition value_end;
+} GumboAttribute;
+
+/**
+ * Given a vector of `GumboAttribute`s, look up the one with the
+ * specified name and return it, or `NULL` if no such attribute exists.
+ * This uses a case-insensitive match, as HTML is case-insensitive.
+ */
+GumboAttribute* gumbo_get_attribute(const GumboVector* attrs, const char* name);
+
+/**
+ * Enum denoting the type of node. This determines the type of the
+ * `node.v` union.
+ */
+typedef enum {
+  /** Document node. `v` will be a `GumboDocument`. */
+  GUMBO_NODE_DOCUMENT,
+  /** Element node. `v` will be a `GumboElement`. */
+  GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT,
+  /** Text node. `v` will be a `GumboText`. */
+  GUMBO_NODE_TEXT,
+  /** CDATA node. `v` will be a `GumboText`. */
+  GUMBO_NODE_CDATA,
+  /** Comment node. `v` will be a `GumboText`, excluding comment delimiters. */
+  GUMBO_NODE_COMMENT,
+  /** Text node, where all contents is whitespace. `v` will be a `GumboText`. */
+  GUMBO_NODE_WHITESPACE,
+  /**
+   * Template node. This is separate from `GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT` because
+   * many client libraries will want to ignore the contents of template
+   * nodes, as the spec suggests. Recursing on `GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT` will
+   * do the right thing here, while clients that want to include template
+   * contents should also check for `GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE`. `v` will be a
+   * `GumboElement`.
+   */
+  GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE
+} GumboNodeType;
+
+/**
+ * Forward declaration of GumboNode so it can be used recursively in
+ * GumboNode.parent.
+ */
+typedef struct GumboInternalNode GumboNode;
+
+/** https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-document-quirks */
+typedef enum {
+  GUMBO_DOCTYPE_NO_QUIRKS,
+  GUMBO_DOCTYPE_QUIRKS,
+  GUMBO_DOCTYPE_LIMITED_QUIRKS
+} GumboQuirksModeEnum;
+
+/**
+ * Namespaces.
+ * Unlike in X(HT)ML, namespaces in HTML5 are not denoted by a prefix.
+ * Rather, anything inside an `<svg>` tag is in the SVG namespace,
+ * anything inside the `<math>` tag is in the MathML namespace, and
+ * anything else is inside the HTML namespace. No other namespaces are
+ * supported, so this can be an `enum`.
+ */
+typedef enum {
+  GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML,
+  GUMBO_NAMESPACE_SVG,
+  GUMBO_NAMESPACE_MATHML
+} GumboNamespaceEnum;
+
+/**
+ * Parse flags.
+ * We track the reasons for parser insertion of nodes and store them in
+ * a bitvector in the node itself. This lets client code optimize out
+ * nodes that are implied by the HTML structure of the document, or flag
+ * constructs that may not be allowed by a style guide, or track the
+ * prevalence of incorrect or tricky HTML code.
+ */
+typedef enum {
+  /**
+   * A normal node -- both start and end tags appear in the source,
+   * nothing has been reparented.
+   */
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL = 0,
+
+  /**
+   * A node inserted by the parser to fulfill some implicit insertion
+   * rule. This is usually set in addition to some other flag giving a
+   * more specific insertion reason; it's a generic catch-all term
+   * meaning "The start tag for this node did not appear in the document
+   * source".
+   */
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_BY_PARSER = 1 << 0,
+
+  /**
+   * A flag indicating that the end tag for this node did not appear in
+   * the document source. Note that in some cases, you can still have
+   * parser-inserted nodes with an explicit end tag. For example,
+   * `Text</html>` has `GUMBO_INSERTED_BY_PARSER` set on the `<html>`
+   * node, but `GUMBO_INSERTED_END_TAG_IMPLICITLY` is unset, as the
+   * `</html>` tag actually exists.
+   *
+   * This flag will be set only if the end tag is completely missing.
+   * In some cases, the end tag may be misplaced (e.g. a `</body>` tag
+   * with text afterwards), which will leave this flag unset and require
+   * clients to inspect the parse errors for that case.
+   */
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG = 1 << 1,
+
+  // Value 1 << 2 was for a flag that has since been removed.
+
+  /**
+   * A flag for nodes that are inserted because their presence is
+   * implied by other tags, e.g. `<html>`, `<head>`, `<body>`,
+   * `<tbody>`, etc.
+   */
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLIED = 1 << 3,
+
+  /**
+   * A flag for nodes that are converted from their end tag equivalents.
+   * For example, `</p>` when no paragraph is open implies that the
+   * parser should create a `<p>` tag and immediately close it, while
+   * `</br>` means the same thing as `<br>`.
+   */
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_CONVERTED_FROM_END_TAG = 1 << 4,
+
+  // Value 1 << 5 was for a flag that has since been removed.
+
+  /** A flag for `<image>` tags that are rewritten as `<img>`. */
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_FROM_IMAGE = 1 << 6,
+
+  /**
+   * A flag for nodes that are cloned as a result of the reconstruction
+   * of active formatting elements. This is set only on the clone; the
+   * initial portion of the formatting run is a NORMAL node with an
+   * `IMPLICIT_END_TAG`.
+   */
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_RECONSTRUCTED_FORMATTING_ELEMENT = 1 << 7,
+
+  /** A flag for nodes that are cloned by the adoption agency algorithm. */
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_ADOPTION_AGENCY_CLONED = 1 << 8,
+
+  /** A flag for nodes that are moved by the adoption agency algorithm. */
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_ADOPTION_AGENCY_MOVED = 1 << 9,
+
+  /**
+   * A flag for nodes that have been foster-parented out of a table (or
+   * should've been foster-parented, if verbatim mode is set).
+   */
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_FOSTER_PARENTED = 1 << 10,
+} GumboParseFlags;
+
+/** Information specific to document nodes. */
+typedef struct {
+  /**
+   * An array of `GumboNode`s, containing the children of this element.
+   * This will normally consist of the `<html>` element and any comment
+   * nodes found. Pointers are owned.
+   */
+  GumboVector /* GumboNode* */ children;
+
+  /**
+   * `true` if there was an explicit doctype token, as opposed to it
+   * being omitted.
+   */
+  bool has_doctype;
+
+  // Fields from the doctype token, copied verbatim.
+  const char* name;
+  const char* public_identifier;
+  const char* system_identifier;
+
+  /**
+   * Whether or not the document is in QuirksMode, as determined by the
+   * values in the GumboTokenDocType template.
+   */
+  GumboQuirksModeEnum doc_type_quirks_mode;
+} GumboDocument;
+
+/**
+ * The struct used to represent TEXT, CDATA, COMMENT, and WHITESPACE
+ * elements. This contains just a block of text and its position.
+ */
+typedef struct {
+  /**
+   * The text of this node, after entities have been parsed and decoded.
+   * For comment and cdata nodes, this does not include the comment
+   * delimiters.
+   */
+  const char* text;
+
+  /**
+   * The original text of this node, as a pointer into the original
+   * buffer. For comment/cdata nodes, this includes the comment
+   * delimiters.
+   */
+  GumboStringPiece original_text;
+
+  /**
+   * The starting position of this node. This corresponds to the
+   * position of `original_text`, before entities are decoded.
+   * */
+  GumboSourcePosition start_pos;
+} GumboText;
+
+/**
+ * The struct used to represent all HTML elements. This contains
+ * information about the tag, attributes, and child nodes.
+ */
+typedef struct {
+  /**
+   * An array of `GumboNode`s, containing the children of this element.
+   * Pointers are owned.
+   */
+  GumboVector /* GumboNode* */ children;
+
+  /** The GumboTag enum for this element. */
+  GumboTag tag;
+
+  /** The name for this element. */
+  const char* name;
+
+  /** The GumboNamespaceEnum for this element. */
+  GumboNamespaceEnum tag_namespace;
+
+  /**
+   * A `GumboStringPiece` pointing to the original tag text for this
+   * element, pointing directly into the source buffer. If the tag was
+   * inserted algorithmically (for example, `<head>` or `<tbody>`
+   * insertion), this will be a zero-length string.
+   */
+  GumboStringPiece original_tag;
+
+  /**
+   * A `GumboStringPiece` pointing to the original end tag text for this
+   * element. If the end tag was inserted algorithmically, (for example,
+   * closing a self-closing tag), this will be a zero-length string.
+   */
+  GumboStringPiece original_end_tag;
+
+  /** The source position for the start of the start tag. */
+  GumboSourcePosition start_pos;
+
+  /** The source position for the start of the end tag. */
+  GumboSourcePosition end_pos;
+
+  /**
+   * An array of `GumboAttribute`s, containing the attributes for this
+   * tag in the order that they were parsed. Pointers are owned.
+   */
+  GumboVector /* GumboAttribute* */ attributes;
+} GumboElement;
+
+/**
+ * A supertype for `GumboElement` and `GumboText`, so that we can
+ * include one generic type in lists of children and cast as necessary
+ * to subtypes.
+ */
+struct GumboInternalNode {
+  /** The type of node that this is. */
+  GumboNodeType type;
+
+  /** Pointer back to parent node. Not owned. */
+  GumboNode* parent;
+
+  /** The index within the parent's children vector of this node. */
+  unsigned int index_within_parent;
+
+  /**
+   * A bitvector of flags containing information about why this element
+   * was inserted into the parse tree, including a variety of special
+   * parse situations.
+   */
+  GumboParseFlags parse_flags;
+
+  /** The actual node data. */
+  union {
+    GumboDocument document;  // For GUMBO_NODE_DOCUMENT.
+    GumboElement element;    // For GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT.
+    GumboText text;          // For everything else.
+  } v;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Input struct containing configuration options for the parser.
+ * These let you specify alternate memory managers, provide different
+ * error handling, etc. Use `kGumboDefaultOptions` for sensible
+ * defaults and only set what you need.
+ */
+typedef struct GumboInternalOptions {
+  /**
+   * The tab-stop size, for computing positions in HTML files that
+   * use tabs. Default: `8`.
+   */
+  int tab_stop;
+
+  /**
+   * Whether or not to stop parsing when the first error is encountered.
+   * Default: `false`.
+   */
+  bool stop_on_first_error;
+
+  /**
+   * Maximum allowed number of attributes per element. If this limit is
+   * exceeded, the parser will return early with a partial document and
+   * the returned `GumboOutput` will have its `status` field set to
+   * `GUMBO_STATUS_TOO_MANY_ATTRIBUTES`. Set to `-1` to disable the limit.
+   * Default: `400`.
+   */
+  int max_attributes;
+
+  /**
+   * Maximum allowed depth for the parse tree. If this limit is exceeded,
+   * the parser will return early with a partial document and the returned
+   * `GumboOutput` will have its `status` field set to
+   * `GUMBO_STATUS_TREE_TOO_DEEP`.
+   * Default: `400`.
+   */
+  unsigned int max_tree_depth;
+
+  /**
+   * The maximum number of errors before the parser stops recording
+   * them. This is provided so that if the page is totally borked, we
+   * don't completely fill up the errors vector and exhaust memory with
+   * useless redundant errors. Set to `-1` to disable the limit.
+   * Default: `-1`.
+   */
+  int max_errors;
+
+  /**
+   * The fragment context for parsing:
+   * https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parsing-html-fragments
+   *
+   * If `NULL` is passed here, it is assumed to be "no
+   * fragment", i.e. the regular parsing algorithm. Otherwise, pass the
+   * tag name for the intended parent of the parsed fragment. We use the
+   * tag name, namespace, and encoding attribute which are sufficient to
+   * set all of the parsing context needed for fragment parsing.
+   *
+   * Default: `NULL`.
+   */
+  const char* fragment_context;
+
+  /**
+   * The namespace for the fragment context. This lets client code
+   * differentiate between, say, parsing a `<title>` tag in SVG vs.
+   * parsing it in HTML.
+   *
+   * Default: `GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML`.
+   */
+  GumboNamespaceEnum fragment_namespace;
+
+  /**
+   * The value of the fragment context's `encoding` attribute, if any.
+   * Set to `NULL` for no `encoding` attribute.
+   *
+   * Default: `NULL`.
+   */
+  const char* fragment_encoding;
+
+  /**
+   * Quirks mode for fragment parsing. The quirks mode for a given DOCTYPE can
+   * be looked up using `gumbo_compute_quirks_mode()`.
+   *
+   * Default: `GUMBO_DOCTYPE_NO_QUIRKS`.
+   */
+  GumboQuirksModeEnum quirks_mode;
+
+  /**
+   * For fragment parsing. Set this to true if the context node has a form
+   * element as an ancestor.
+   *
+   * Default: `false`.
+   */
+  bool fragment_context_has_form_ancestor;
+} GumboOptions;
+
+/** Default options struct; use this with gumbo_parse_with_options. */
+extern const GumboOptions kGumboDefaultOptions;
+
+/**
+ * Status code indicating whether parsing finished successfully or
+ * was stopped mid-document due to exceptional circumstances.
+ */
+typedef enum {
+  /**
+   * Indicates that parsing completed successfuly. The resulting tree
+   * will be a complete document.
+   */
+  GUMBO_STATUS_OK,
+
+  /**
+   * Indicates that the maximum element nesting limit
+   * (`GumboOptions::max_tree_depth`) was reached during parsing. The
+   * resulting tree will be a partial document, with no further nodes
+   * created after the point where the limit was reached. The partial
+   * document may be useful for constructing an error message but
+   * typically shouldn't be used for other purposes.
+   */
+  GUMBO_STATUS_TREE_TOO_DEEP,
+
+  /**
+   * Indicates that the maximum number of attributes per element
+   * (`GumboOptions::max_attributes`) was reached during parsing. The
+   * resulting tree will be a partial document, with no further nodes
+   * created after the point where the limit was reached. The partial
+   * document may be useful for constructing an error message but
+   * typically shouldn't be used for other purposes.
+   */
+  GUMBO_STATUS_TOO_MANY_ATTRIBUTES,
+
+  // Currently unused
+  GUMBO_STATUS_OUT_OF_MEMORY,
+} GumboOutputStatus;
+
+
+/** The output struct containing the results of the parse. */
+typedef struct GumboInternalOutput {
+  /**
+   * Pointer to the document node. This is a `GumboNode` of type
+   * `NODE_DOCUMENT` that contains the entire document as its child.
+   */
+  GumboNode* document;
+
+  /**
+   * Pointer to the root node. This is the `<html>` tag that forms the
+   * root of the document.
+   */
+  GumboNode* root;
+
+  /**
+   * A list of errors that occurred during the parse.
+   */
+  GumboVector /* GumboError */ errors;
+
+  /**
+   * True if the parser encounted an error.
+   *
+   * This can be true and `errors` an empty `GumboVector` if the `max_errors`
+   * option was set to 0.
+   */
+  bool document_error;
+
+  /**
+   * A status code indicating whether parsing finished successfully or was
+   * stopped mid-document due to exceptional circumstances.
+   */
+  GumboOutputStatus status;
+} GumboOutput;
+
+/**
+ * Parses a buffer of UTF-8 text into an `GumboNode` parse tree. The
+ * buffer must live at least as long as the parse tree, as some fields
+ * (eg. `original_text`) point directly into the original buffer.
+ *
+ * This doesn't support buffers longer than 4 gigabytes.
+ */
+GumboOutput* gumbo_parse(const char* buffer);
+
+/**
+ * Extended version of `gumbo_parse` that takes an explicit options
+ * structure, buffer, and length.
+ */
+GumboOutput* gumbo_parse_with_options (
+  const GumboOptions* options,
+  const char* buffer,
+  size_t buffer_length
+);
+
+/**
+ * Compute the quirks mode based on the name, public identifier, and system
+ * identifier. Any of these may be `NULL` to indicate a missing value.
+ */
+GumboQuirksModeEnum gumbo_compute_quirks_mode (
+  const char *name,
+  const char *pubid,
+  const char *sysid
+);
+
+/** Convert a `GumboOutputStatus` code into a readable description. */
+const char* gumbo_status_to_string(GumboOutputStatus status);
+
+/** Release the memory used for the parse tree and parse errors. */
+void gumbo_destroy_output(GumboOutput* output);
+
+/** Opaque GumboError type */
+typedef struct GumboInternalError GumboError;
+
+/**
+ * Returns the position of the error.
+ */
+GumboSourcePosition gumbo_error_position(const GumboError* error);
+
+/**
+ * Returns a constant string representation of the error's code. This is owned
+ * by the library and should not be freed by the caller.
+ */
+const char* gumbo_error_code(const GumboError* error);
+
+/**
+ * Prints an error to a string. This stores a freshly-allocated buffer
+ * containing the error message text in output. The caller is responsible for
+ * freeing the buffer. The size of the error message is returned. The error
+ * message itself may not be NULL-terminated and may contain NULL bytes so the
+ * returned size must be used.
+ */
+size_t gumbo_error_to_string(const GumboError* error, char **output);
+
+/**
+ * Prints a caret diagnostic to a string. This stores a freshly-allocated
+ * buffer containing the error message text in output. The caller is responsible for
+ * freeing the buffer. The size of the error message is returned. The error
+ * message itself may not be NULL-terminated and may contain NULL bytes so the
+ * returned size must be used.
+ */
+size_t gumbo_caret_diagnostic_to_string (
+  const GumboError* error,
+  const char* source_text,
+  size_t source_length,
+  char** output
+);
+
+/**
+ * Like gumbo_caret_diagnostic_to_string, but prints the text to stdout
+ * instead of writing to a string.
+ */
+void gumbo_print_caret_diagnostic (
+  const GumboError* error,
+  const char* source_text,
+  size_t source_length
+);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif // GUMBO_H
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/insertion_mode.h b/gumbo-parser/src/insertion_mode.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6cb1d341f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/insertion_mode.h
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#ifndef GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_H_
+#define GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_H_
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#insertion-mode
+// If new enum values are added, be sure to update the kTokenHandlers
+// dispatch table in parser.c.
+typedef enum {
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_INITIAL,
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_BEFORE_HTML,
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_BEFORE_HEAD,
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_HEAD,
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_HEAD_NOSCRIPT,
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_AFTER_HEAD,
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_BODY,
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_TEXT,
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE,
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE_TEXT,
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_CAPTION,
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_COLUMN_GROUP,
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE_BODY,
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_ROW,
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_CELL,
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_SELECT,
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_SELECT_IN_TABLE,
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TEMPLATE,
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_AFTER_BODY,
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_FRAMESET,
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_AFTER_FRAMESET,
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_AFTER_AFTER_BODY,
+  GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_AFTER_AFTER_FRAMESET
+} GumboInsertionMode;
+
+#endif // GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_H_
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/macros.h b/gumbo-parser/src/macros.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ccf8bb86a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/macros.h
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+#ifndef MACROS_H
+#define MACROS_H
+
+#if (!defined(__STDC_VERSION__) || !(__STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L)) \
+    && !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__cplusplus)
+# error C99 compiler required
+#endif
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+# define inline __inline
+# define __func__ __FUNCTION__
+#endif
+
+// Calculate the number of elements in an array.
+// The extra division on the third line is a trick to help prevent
+// passing a pointer to the first element of an array instead of a
+// reference to the array itself.
+#define ARRAY_COUNT(x) ( \
+    (sizeof(x) / sizeof((x)[0])) \
+    / ((size_t)(!(sizeof(x) % sizeof((x)[0])))) \
+)
+
+#ifdef NDEBUG
+    #define UNUSED_IF_NDEBUG(x) (void)(x)
+#else
+    #define UNUSED_IF_NDEBUG(x)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+    #define GNUC_AT_LEAST(major, minor) ( \
+        (__GNUC__ > major) \
+        || ((__GNUC__ == major) && (__GNUC_MINOR__ >= minor)) )
+#else
+    #define GNUC_AT_LEAST(major, minor) 0
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __has_attribute
+    #define HAS_ATTRIBUTE(x) __has_attribute(x)
+#else
+    #define HAS_ATTRIBUTE(x) 0
+#endif
+
+#if GNUC_AT_LEAST(3, 0) || HAS_ATTRIBUTE(unused) || defined(__TINYC__)
+    #define UNUSED __attribute__((__unused__))
+#else
+    #define UNUSED
+#endif
+
+#if GNUC_AT_LEAST(3, 0)
+    #define MALLOC __attribute__((__malloc__))
+    #define PRINTF(x) __attribute__((__format__(__printf__, (x), (x + 1))))
+    #define PURE __attribute__((__pure__))
+    #define CONST_FN __attribute__((__const__))
+#else
+    #define MALLOC
+    #define PRINTF(x)
+    #define PURE
+    #define CONST_FN
+#endif
+
+#define UNUSED_ARG(x) unused__ ## x UNUSED
+
+#if GNUC_AT_LEAST(3, 0) && defined(__OPTIMIZE__)
+    #define likely(x) __builtin_expect(!!(x), 1)
+    #define unlikely(x) __builtin_expect(!!(x), 0)
+#else
+    #define likely(x) (x)
+    #define unlikely(x) (x)
+#endif
+
+#if GNUC_AT_LEAST(3, 3) || HAS_ATTRIBUTE(nonnull)
+    #define NONNULL_ARGS __attribute__((__nonnull__))
+#else
+    #define NONNULL_ARGS
+#endif
+
+#if GNUC_AT_LEAST(3, 4) || HAS_ATTRIBUTE(warn_unused_result)
+    #define WARN_UNUSED_RESULT __attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+#else
+    #define WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+#endif
+
+#if GNUC_AT_LEAST(5, 0) || HAS_ATTRIBUTE(returns_nonnull)
+    #define RETURNS_NONNULL __attribute__((__returns_nonnull__))
+#else
+    #define RETURNS_NONNULL
+#endif
+
+#define XMALLOC MALLOC RETURNS_NONNULL
+
+#endif // ndef MACROS_H
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/parser.c b/gumbo-parser/src/parser.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..71e48c7725
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/parser.c
@@ -0,0 +1,4875 @@
+/*
+ Copyright 2017-2018 Craig Barnes.
+ Copyright 2010 Google Inc.
+
+ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "ascii.h"
+#include "attribute.h"
+#include "error.h"
+#include "gumbo.h"
+#include "insertion_mode.h"
+#include "macros.h"
+#include "parser.h"
+#include "replacement.h"
+#include "tokenizer.h"
+#include "tokenizer_states.h"
+#include "token_buffer.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
+#include "util.h"
+#include "vector.h"
+
+typedef uint8_t TagSet[GUMBO_TAG_LAST + 1];
+#define TAG(tag) [GUMBO_TAG_##tag] = (1 << GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML)
+#define TAG_SVG(tag) [GUMBO_TAG_##tag] = (1 << GUMBO_NAMESPACE_SVG)
+#define TAG_MATHML(tag) [GUMBO_TAG_##tag] = (1 << GUMBO_NAMESPACE_MATHML)
+
+#define GUMBO_EMPTY_SOURCE_POSITION_INIT { .line = 0, .column = 0, .offset = 0 }
+#define kGumboEmptySourcePosition (const GumboSourcePosition) \
+  GUMBO_EMPTY_SOURCE_POSITION_INIT
+
+const GumboOptions kGumboDefaultOptions = {
+  .tab_stop = 8,
+  .stop_on_first_error = false,
+  .max_attributes = 400,
+  .max_tree_depth = 400,
+  .max_errors = -1,
+  .fragment_context = NULL,
+  .fragment_namespace = GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML,
+  .fragment_encoding = NULL,
+  .quirks_mode = GUMBO_DOCTYPE_NO_QUIRKS,
+  .fragment_context_has_form_ancestor = false,
+};
+
+#define STRING(s) {.data = s, .length = sizeof(s) - 1}
+#define TERMINATOR {.data = NULL, .length = 0}
+
+// The doctype arrays have an explicit terminator because we want to pass them
+// to a helper function, and passing them as a pointer discards sizeof
+// information. The SVG arrays are used only by one-off functions, and so loops
+// over them use sizeof directly instead of a terminator.
+
+static const GumboStringPiece kQuirksModePublicIdPrefixes[] = {
+  STRING("+//Silmaril//dtd html Pro v0r11 19970101//"),
+  STRING("-//AdvaSoft Ltd//DTD HTML 3.0 asWedit + extensions//"),
+  STRING("-//AS//DTD HTML 3.0 asWedit + extensions//"),
+  STRING("-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Level 1//"),
+  STRING("-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Level 2//"),
+  STRING("-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Strict Level 1//"),
+  STRING("-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Strict Level 2//"),
+  STRING("-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Strict//"),
+  STRING("-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//"),
+  STRING("-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.1E//"),
+  STRING("-//IETF//DTD HTML 3.0//"),
+  STRING("-//IETF//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//"),
+  STRING("-//IETF//DTD HTML 3.2//"),
+  STRING("-//IETF//DTD HTML 3//"),
+  STRING("-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 0//"),
+  STRING("-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 1//"),
+  STRING("-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 2//"),
+  STRING("-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 3//"),
+  STRING("-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 0//"),
+  STRING("-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 1//"),
+  STRING("-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 2//"),
+  STRING("-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 3//"),
+  STRING("-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict//"),
+  STRING("-//IETF//DTD HTML//"),
+  STRING("-//Metrius//DTD Metrius Presentational//"),
+  STRING("-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 2.0 HTML Strict//"),
+  STRING("-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 2.0 HTML//"),
+  STRING("-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 2.0 Tables//"),
+  STRING("-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 3.0 HTML Strict//"),
+  STRING("-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 3.0 HTML//"),
+  STRING("-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 3.0 Tables//"),
+  STRING("-//Netscape Comm. Corp.//DTD HTML//"),
+  STRING("-//Netscape Comm. Corp.//DTD Strict HTML//"),
+  STRING("-//O'Reilly and Associates//DTD HTML 2.0//"),
+  STRING("-//O'Reilly and Associates//DTD HTML Extended 1.0//"),
+  STRING("-//O'Reilly and Associates//DTD HTML Extended Relaxed 1.0//"),
+  STRING(
+    "-//SoftQuad Software//DTD HoTMetaL PRO 6.0::19990601::)"
+    "extensions to HTML 4.0//"),
+  STRING(
+    "-//SoftQuad//DTD HoTMetaL PRO 4.0::19971010::"
+    "extensions to HTML 4.0//"),
+  STRING("-//Spyglass//DTD HTML 2.0 Extended//"),
+  STRING("-//SQ//DTD HTML 2.0 HoTMetaL + extensions//"),
+  STRING("-//Sun Microsystems Corp.//DTD HotJava HTML//"),
+  STRING("-//Sun Microsystems Corp.//DTD HotJava Strict HTML//"),
+  STRING("-//W3C//DTD HTML 3 1995-03-24//"),
+  STRING("-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Draft//"),
+  STRING("-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//"),
+  STRING("-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//"),
+  STRING("-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2S Draft//"),
+  STRING("-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Frameset//"),
+  STRING("-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//"),
+  STRING("-//W3C//DTD HTML Experimental 19960712//"),
+  STRING("-//W3C//DTD HTML Experimental 970421//"),
+  STRING("-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//"),
+  STRING("-//W3O//DTD W3 HTML 3.0//"),
+  STRING("-//WebTechs//DTD Mozilla HTML 2.0//"),
+  STRING("-//WebTechs//DTD Mozilla HTML//"),
+  TERMINATOR
+};
+
+static const GumboStringPiece kQuirksModePublicIdExactMatches[] = {
+  STRING("-//W3O//DTD W3 HTML Strict 3.0//EN//"),
+  STRING("-/W3C/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional/EN"),
+  STRING("HTML"),
+  TERMINATOR
+};
+
+static const GumboStringPiece kQuirksModeSystemIdExactMatches[] = {
+  STRING("http://www.ibm.com/data/dtd/v11/ibmxhtml1-transitional.dtd"),
+  TERMINATOR
+};
+
+static const GumboStringPiece kLimitedQuirksPublicIdPrefixes[] = {
+  STRING("-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Frameset//"),
+  STRING("-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//"),
+  TERMINATOR
+};
+
+static const GumboStringPiece kSystemIdDependentPublicIdPrefixes[] = {
+  STRING("-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//"),
+  STRING("-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//"),
+  TERMINATOR
+};
+
+// Indexed by GumboNamespaceEnum; keep in sync with that.
+static const char* kLegalXmlns[] = {
+  "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml",
+  "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg",
+  "http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"
+};
+
+// The "scope marker" for the list of active formatting elements. We use a
+// pointer to this as a generic marker element, since the particular element
+// scope doesn't matter.
+static const GumboNode kActiveFormattingScopeMarker;
+
+// The tag_is and tag_in function use true & false to denote start & end tags,
+// but for readability, we define constants for them here.
+static const bool kStartTag = true;
+static const bool kEndTag = false;
+
+// Because GumboStringPieces are immutable, we can't insert a character directly
+// into a text node. Instead, we accumulate all pending characters here and
+// flush them out to a text node whenever a new element is inserted.
+//
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#insert-a-character
+typedef struct _TextNodeBufferState {
+  // The accumulated text to be inserted into the current text node.
+  GumboStringBuffer _buffer;
+
+  // A pointer to the original text represented by this text node. Note that
+  // because of foster parenting and other strange DOM manipulations, this may
+  // include other non-text HTML tags in it; it is defined as the span of
+  // original text from the first character in this text node to the last
+  // character in this text node.
+  const char* _start_original_text;
+
+  // The source position of the start of this text node.
+  GumboSourcePosition _start_position;
+
+  // The type of node that will be inserted (TEXT, CDATA, or WHITESPACE).
+  GumboNodeType _type;
+} TextNodeBufferState;
+
+typedef struct GumboInternalParserState {
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#insertion-mode
+  GumboInsertionMode _insertion_mode;
+
+  // Used for run_generic_parsing_algorithm, which needs to switch back to the
+  // original insertion mode at its conclusion.
+  GumboInsertionMode _original_insertion_mode;
+
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#the-stack-of-open-elements
+  GumboVector /*GumboNode*/ _open_elements;
+
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#the-list-of-active-formatting-elements
+  GumboVector /*GumboNode*/ _active_formatting_elements;
+
+  // The stack of template insertion modes.
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#the-insertion-mode
+  GumboVector /*InsertionMode*/ _template_insertion_modes;
+
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#the-element-pointers
+  GumboNode* _head_element;
+  GumboNode* _form_element;
+
+  // The element used as fragment context when parsing in fragment mode
+  GumboNode* _fragment_ctx;
+
+  // The flag for when the spec says "Reprocess the current token in..."
+  bool _reprocess_current_token;
+
+  // The flag for "acknowledge the token's self-closing flag".
+  bool _self_closing_flag_acknowledged;
+
+  // The "frameset-ok" flag from the spec.
+  bool _frameset_ok;
+
+  // The flag for "If the next token is a LINE FEED, ignore that token...".
+  bool _ignore_next_linefeed;
+
+  // The flag for "whenever a node would be inserted into the current node, it
+  // must instead be foster parented". This is used for misnested table
+  // content, which needs to be handled according to "in body" rules yet foster
+  // parented outside of the table.
+  // It would perhaps be more explicit to have this as a parameter to
+  // handle_in_body and insert_element, but given how special-purpose this is
+  // and the number of call-sites that would need to take the extra parameter,
+  // it's easier just to have a state flag.
+  bool _foster_parent_insertions;
+
+  // The accumulated text node buffer state.
+  TextNodeBufferState _text_node;
+
+  // The accumulated character tokens in tables for error purposes.
+  GumboCharacterTokenBuffer _table_character_tokens;
+
+  // The current token.
+  GumboToken* _current_token;
+
+  // The way that the spec is written, the </body> and </html> tags are *always*
+  // implicit, because encountering one of those tokens merely switches the
+  // insertion mode out of "in body". So we have individual state flags for
+  // those end tags that are then inspected by pop_current_node when the <body>
+  // and <html> nodes are popped to set the GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG
+  // flag appropriately.
+  bool _closed_body_tag;
+  bool _closed_html_tag;
+} GumboParserState;
+
+static bool token_has_attribute(const GumboToken* token, const char* name) {
+  assert(token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG);
+  return gumbo_get_attribute(&token->v.start_tag.attributes, name) != NULL;
+}
+
+// Checks if the value of the specified attribute is a case-insensitive match
+// for the specified string.
+static bool attribute_matches (
+  const GumboVector* attributes,
+  const char* name,
+  const char* value
+) {
+  const GumboAttribute* attr = gumbo_get_attribute(attributes, name);
+  return attr ? gumbo_ascii_strcasecmp(value, attr->value) == 0 : false;
+}
+
+// Checks if the value of the specified attribute is a case-sensitive match
+// for the specified string.
+static bool attribute_matches_case_sensitive (
+  const GumboVector* attributes,
+  const char* name,
+  const char* value
+) {
+  const GumboAttribute* attr = gumbo_get_attribute(attributes, name);
+  return attr ? strcmp(value, attr->value) == 0 : false;
+}
+
+// Checks if the specified attribute vectors are identical.
+static bool all_attributes_match (
+  const GumboVector* attr1,
+  const GumboVector* attr2
+) {
+  unsigned int num_unmatched_attr2_elements = attr2->length;
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < attr1->length; ++i) {
+    const GumboAttribute* attr = attr1->data[i];
+    if (attribute_matches_case_sensitive(attr2, attr->name, attr->value)) {
+      --num_unmatched_attr2_elements;
+    } else {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+  return num_unmatched_attr2_elements == 0;
+}
+
+static void set_frameset_not_ok(GumboParser* parser) {
+  gumbo_debug("Setting frameset_ok to false.\n");
+  parser->_parser_state->_frameset_ok = false;
+}
+
+static GumboNode* create_node(GumboNodeType type) {
+  GumboNode* node = gumbo_alloc(sizeof(GumboNode));
+  node->parent = NULL;
+  node->index_within_parent = -1;
+  node->type = type;
+  node->parse_flags = GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL;
+  return node;
+}
+
+static GumboNode* new_document_node() {
+  GumboNode* document_node = create_node(GUMBO_NODE_DOCUMENT);
+  document_node->parse_flags = GUMBO_INSERTION_BY_PARSER;
+  gumbo_vector_init(1, &document_node->v.document.children);
+
+  // Must be initialized explicitly, as there's no guarantee that we'll see a
+  // doc type token.
+  GumboDocument* document = &document_node->v.document;
+  document->has_doctype = false;
+  document->name = NULL;
+  document->public_identifier = NULL;
+  document->system_identifier = NULL;
+  document->doc_type_quirks_mode = GUMBO_DOCTYPE_NO_QUIRKS;
+  return document_node;
+}
+
+static void output_init(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboOutput* output = gumbo_alloc(sizeof(GumboOutput));
+  output->root = NULL;
+  output->document = new_document_node();
+  output->document_error = false;
+  output->status = GUMBO_STATUS_OK;
+  parser->_output = output;
+  gumbo_init_errors(parser);
+}
+
+static void parser_state_init(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboParserState* parser_state = gumbo_alloc(sizeof(GumboParserState));
+  parser_state->_insertion_mode = GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_INITIAL;
+  parser_state->_reprocess_current_token = false;
+  parser_state->_frameset_ok = true;
+  parser_state->_ignore_next_linefeed = false;
+  parser_state->_foster_parent_insertions = false;
+  parser_state->_text_node._type = GUMBO_NODE_WHITESPACE;
+  gumbo_string_buffer_init(&parser_state->_text_node._buffer);
+  gumbo_character_token_buffer_init(&parser_state->_table_character_tokens);
+  gumbo_vector_init(10, &parser_state->_open_elements);
+  gumbo_vector_init(5, &parser_state->_active_formatting_elements);
+  gumbo_vector_init(5, &parser_state->_template_insertion_modes);
+  parser_state->_head_element = NULL;
+  parser_state->_form_element = NULL;
+  parser_state->_fragment_ctx = NULL;
+  parser_state->_current_token = NULL;
+  parser_state->_closed_body_tag = false;
+  parser_state->_closed_html_tag = false;
+  parser->_parser_state = parser_state;
+}
+
+typedef void (*TreeTraversalCallback)(GumboNode* node);
+
+static void tree_traverse(GumboNode* node, TreeTraversalCallback callback) {
+  GumboNode* current_node = node;
+  unsigned int offset = 0;
+
+tailcall:
+  switch (current_node->type) {
+    case GUMBO_NODE_DOCUMENT:
+    case GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE:
+    case GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT: {
+      GumboVector* children = (current_node->type == GUMBO_NODE_DOCUMENT)
+        ? &current_node->v.document.children
+        : &current_node->v.element.children
+      ;
+      if (offset >= children->length) {
+        assert(offset == children->length);
+        break;
+      } else {
+        current_node = children->data[offset];
+        offset = 0;
+        goto tailcall;
+      }
+    }
+    case GUMBO_NODE_TEXT:
+    case GUMBO_NODE_CDATA:
+    case GUMBO_NODE_COMMENT:
+    case GUMBO_NODE_WHITESPACE:
+      assert(offset == 0);
+      break;
+  }
+
+  offset = current_node->index_within_parent + 1;
+  GumboNode* next_node = current_node->parent;
+  callback(current_node);
+  if (current_node == node) {
+    return;
+  }
+  current_node = next_node;
+  goto tailcall;
+}
+
+static void destroy_node_callback(GumboNode* node) {
+  switch (node->type) {
+    case GUMBO_NODE_DOCUMENT: {
+      GumboDocument* doc = &node->v.document;
+      gumbo_free((void*) doc->children.data);
+      gumbo_free((void*) doc->name);
+      gumbo_free((void*) doc->public_identifier);
+      gumbo_free((void*) doc->system_identifier);
+    } break;
+    case GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE:
+    case GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT:
+      for (unsigned int i = 0; i < node->v.element.attributes.length; ++i) {
+        gumbo_destroy_attribute(node->v.element.attributes.data[i]);
+      }
+      gumbo_free(node->v.element.attributes.data);
+      gumbo_free(node->v.element.children.data);
+      if (node->v.element.tag == GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN)
+        gumbo_free((void *)node->v.element.name);
+      break;
+    case GUMBO_NODE_TEXT:
+    case GUMBO_NODE_CDATA:
+    case GUMBO_NODE_COMMENT:
+    case GUMBO_NODE_WHITESPACE:
+      gumbo_free((void*) node->v.text.text);
+      break;
+  }
+  gumbo_free(node);
+}
+
+static void destroy_node(GumboNode* node) {
+  tree_traverse(node, &destroy_node_callback);
+}
+
+static void destroy_fragment_ctx_element(GumboNode* ctx);
+
+static void parser_state_destroy(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboParserState* state = parser->_parser_state;
+  if (state->_fragment_ctx) {
+    destroy_fragment_ctx_element(state->_fragment_ctx);
+  }
+  gumbo_vector_destroy(&state->_active_formatting_elements);
+  gumbo_vector_destroy(&state->_open_elements);
+  gumbo_vector_destroy(&state->_template_insertion_modes);
+  gumbo_string_buffer_destroy(&state->_text_node._buffer);
+  gumbo_character_token_buffer_destroy(&state->_table_character_tokens);
+  gumbo_free(state);
+}
+
+static GumboNode* get_document_node(const GumboParser* parser) {
+  return parser->_output->document;
+}
+
+static bool is_fragment_parser(const GumboParser* parser) {
+  return !!parser->_parser_state->_fragment_ctx;
+}
+
+// Returns the node at the bottom of the stack of open elements, or NULL if no
+// elements have been added yet.
+static GumboNode* get_current_node(const GumboParser* parser) {
+  const GumboVector* open_elements = &parser->_parser_state->_open_elements;
+  if (open_elements->length == 0) {
+    assert(!parser->_output->root);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  assert(open_elements->length > 0);
+  assert(open_elements->data != NULL);
+  return open_elements->data[open_elements->length - 1];
+}
+
+static GumboNode* get_adjusted_current_node(const GumboParser* parser) {
+  const GumboParserState* state = parser->_parser_state;
+  if (state->_open_elements.length == 1 && state->_fragment_ctx) {
+    return state->_fragment_ctx;
+  }
+  return get_current_node(parser);
+}
+
+// Returns true if the given needle is in the given array of literal
+// GumboStringPieces. If exact_match is true, this requires that they match
+// exactly; otherwise, this performs a prefix match to check if any of the
+// elements in haystack start with needle. This always performs a
+// case-insensitive match.
+static bool is_in_static_list (
+  const GumboStringPiece* needle,
+  const GumboStringPiece* haystack,
+  bool exact_match
+) {
+  if (needle->length == 0)
+    return false;
+  if (exact_match) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; haystack[i].data; ++i) {
+      if (gumbo_string_equals_ignore_case(needle, &haystack[i]))
+        return true;
+    }
+  } else {
+    for (size_t i = 0; haystack[i].data; ++i) {
+      if (gumbo_string_prefix_ignore_case(&haystack[i], needle))
+        return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+static void set_insertion_mode(GumboParser* parser, GumboInsertionMode mode) {
+  parser->_parser_state->_insertion_mode = mode;
+}
+
+static void push_template_insertion_mode (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboInsertionMode mode
+) {
+  gumbo_vector_add (
+    (void*) mode,
+    &parser->_parser_state->_template_insertion_modes
+  );
+}
+
+static void pop_template_insertion_mode(GumboParser* parser) {
+  gumbo_vector_pop(&parser->_parser_state->_template_insertion_modes);
+}
+
+// Returns the current template insertion mode. If the stack of template
+// insertion modes is empty, this returns GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_INITIAL.
+static GumboInsertionMode get_current_template_insertion_mode (
+  const GumboParser* parser
+) {
+  GumboVector* modes = &parser->_parser_state->_template_insertion_modes;
+  if (modes->length == 0) {
+    return GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_INITIAL;
+  }
+  return (GumboInsertionMode) modes->data[(modes->length - 1)];
+}
+
+// Returns true if the specified token is either a start or end tag
+// (specified by is_start) with one of the tag types in the TagSet.
+static bool tag_in (
+  const GumboToken* token,
+  bool is_start,
+  const TagSet* tags
+) {
+  GumboTag token_tag;
+  if (is_start && token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG) {
+    token_tag = token->v.start_tag.tag;
+  } else if (!is_start && token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_END_TAG) {
+    token_tag = token->v.end_tag.tag;
+  } else {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return (*tags)[(unsigned) token_tag] != 0u;
+}
+
+// Like tag_in, but for the single-tag case.
+static bool tag_is(const GumboToken* token, bool is_start, GumboTag tag) {
+  if (is_start && token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG) {
+    return token->v.start_tag.tag == tag;
+  }
+  if (!is_start && token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_END_TAG) {
+    return token->v.end_tag.tag == tag;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+static inline bool tagset_includes (
+  const TagSet* tagset,
+  GumboNamespaceEnum ns,
+  GumboTag tag
+) {
+  return ((*tagset)[(unsigned) tag] & (1u << (unsigned) ns)) != 0u;
+}
+
+// Like tag_in, but checks for the tag of a node, rather than a token.
+static bool node_tag_in_set(const GumboNode* node, const TagSet* tags) {
+  assert(node != NULL);
+  if (node->type != GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT && node->type != GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return tagset_includes (
+    tags,
+    node->v.element.tag_namespace,
+    node->v.element.tag
+  );
+}
+
+static bool node_qualified_tagname_is (
+  const GumboNode* node,
+  GumboNamespaceEnum ns,
+  GumboTag tag,
+  const char *name
+) {
+  assert(node);
+  assert(node->type == GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT || node->type == GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE);
+  assert(node->v.element.name);
+  assert(tag != GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN || name);
+  GumboTag element_tag = node->v.element.tag;
+  const char *element_name = node->v.element.name;
+  assert(element_tag != GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN || element_name);
+  if (node->v.element.tag_namespace != ns || element_tag != tag)
+    return false;
+  if (tag != GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN)
+    return true;
+  return !gumbo_ascii_strcasecmp(element_name, name);
+}
+
+static bool node_html_tagname_is (
+  const GumboNode* node,
+  GumboTag tag,
+  const char *name
+) {
+  return node_qualified_tagname_is(node, GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML, tag, name);
+}
+
+static bool node_tagname_is (
+  const GumboNode* node,
+  GumboTag tag,
+  const char *name
+) {
+  assert(node->type == GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT || node->type == GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE);
+  return node_qualified_tagname_is(node, node->v.element.tag_namespace, tag, name);
+}
+
+// Like node_tag_in, but for the single-tag case.
+static bool node_qualified_tag_is (
+  const GumboNode* node,
+  GumboNamespaceEnum ns,
+  GumboTag tag
+) {
+  assert(node);
+  assert(tag != GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN);
+  assert(node->type == GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT || node->type == GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE);
+  return
+    node->v.element.tag == tag
+    && node->v.element.tag_namespace == ns;
+}
+
+// Like node_tag_in, but for the single-tag case in the HTML namespace
+static bool node_html_tag_is(const GumboNode* node, GumboTag tag) {
+  return node_qualified_tag_is(node, GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML, tag);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#reset-the-insertion-mode-appropriately
+// This is a helper function that returns the appropriate insertion mode instead
+// of setting it. Returns GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_INITIAL as a sentinel value to
+// indicate that there is no appropriate insertion mode, and the loop should
+// continue.
+static GumboInsertionMode get_appropriate_insertion_mode (
+  const GumboParser* parser,
+  int index
+) {
+  const GumboVector* open_elements = &parser->_parser_state->_open_elements;
+  const GumboNode* node = open_elements->data[index];
+  const bool is_last = index == 0;
+
+  if (is_last && is_fragment_parser(parser)) {
+    node = parser->_parser_state->_fragment_ctx;
+  }
+
+  assert(node->type == GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT || node->type == GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE);
+  if (node->v.element.tag_namespace != GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML) {
+    return is_last ? GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_BODY : GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_INITIAL;
+  }
+
+  switch (node->v.element.tag) {
+    case GUMBO_TAG_SELECT: {
+      if (is_last) {
+        return GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_SELECT;
+      }
+      for (int i = index; i > 0; --i) {
+        const GumboNode* ancestor = open_elements->data[i];
+        if (node_html_tag_is(ancestor, GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE)) {
+          return GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_SELECT;
+        }
+        if (node_html_tag_is(ancestor, GUMBO_TAG_TABLE)) {
+          return GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_SELECT_IN_TABLE;
+        }
+      }
+      return GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_SELECT;
+    }
+    case GUMBO_TAG_TD:
+    case GUMBO_TAG_TH:
+      if (!is_last) return GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_CELL;
+      break;
+    case GUMBO_TAG_TR:
+      return GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_ROW;
+    case GUMBO_TAG_TBODY:
+    case GUMBO_TAG_THEAD:
+    case GUMBO_TAG_TFOOT:
+      return GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE_BODY;
+    case GUMBO_TAG_CAPTION:
+      return GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_CAPTION;
+    case GUMBO_TAG_COLGROUP:
+      return GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_COLUMN_GROUP;
+    case GUMBO_TAG_TABLE:
+      return GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE;
+    case GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE:
+      return get_current_template_insertion_mode(parser);
+    case GUMBO_TAG_HEAD:
+      if (!is_last) return GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_HEAD;
+      break;
+    case GUMBO_TAG_BODY:
+      return GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_BODY;
+    case GUMBO_TAG_FRAMESET:
+      return GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_FRAMESET;
+    case GUMBO_TAG_HTML:
+      return parser->_parser_state->_head_element
+        ? GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_AFTER_HEAD
+        : GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_BEFORE_HEAD;
+    default:
+      break;
+  }
+  return is_last ? GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_BODY : GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_INITIAL;
+}
+
+// This performs the actual "reset the insertion mode" loop.
+static void reset_insertion_mode_appropriately(GumboParser* parser) {
+  const GumboVector* open_elements = &parser->_parser_state->_open_elements;
+  for (int i = open_elements->length; --i >= 0;) {
+    GumboInsertionMode mode = get_appropriate_insertion_mode(parser, i);
+    if (mode != GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_INITIAL) {
+      set_insertion_mode(parser, mode);
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+  // Should never get here, because is_last will be set on the last iteration
+  // and will force GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_BODY.
+  assert(0);
+}
+
+static void parser_add_parse_error (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  const GumboToken* token
+) {
+  gumbo_debug("Adding parse error.\n");
+  GumboError* error = gumbo_add_error(parser);
+  if (!error) {
+    return;
+  }
+  error->type = GUMBO_ERR_PARSER;
+  error->position = token->position;
+  error->original_text = token->original_text;
+  GumboParserError* extra_data = &error->v.parser;
+  extra_data->input_type = token->type;
+  extra_data->input_tag = GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN;
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG) {
+    extra_data->input_tag = token->v.start_tag.tag;
+  } else if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_END_TAG) {
+    extra_data->input_tag = token->v.end_tag.tag;
+  }
+  const GumboParserState* state = parser->_parser_state;
+  extra_data->parser_state = state->_insertion_mode;
+  gumbo_vector_init(state->_open_elements.length, &extra_data->tag_stack);
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < state->_open_elements.length; ++i) {
+    const GumboNode* node = state->_open_elements.data[i];
+    assert (
+      node->type == GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT
+      || node->type == GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE
+    );
+    gumbo_vector_add (
+      (void*) node->v.element.tag,
+      &extra_data->tag_stack
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#mathml-text-integration-point
+static bool is_mathml_integration_point(const GumboNode* node) {
+  static const TagSet mathml_integration_point_tags = {
+    TAG_MATHML(MI), TAG_MATHML(MO), TAG_MATHML(MN),
+    TAG_MATHML(MS), TAG_MATHML(MTEXT)
+  };
+  return node_tag_in_set(node, &mathml_integration_point_tags);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#html-integration-point
+static bool is_html_integration_point(const GumboNode* node) {
+  static const TagSet html_integration_point_svg_tags = {
+      TAG_SVG(FOREIGNOBJECT), TAG_SVG(DESC), TAG_SVG(TITLE)
+  };
+  if (node_tag_in_set(node, &html_integration_point_svg_tags)) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  const bool is_mathml_annotation_xml_element = node_qualified_tag_is (
+    node,
+    GUMBO_NAMESPACE_MATHML,
+    GUMBO_TAG_ANNOTATION_XML
+  );
+  const GumboVector* attributes = &node->v.element.attributes;
+  if (
+    is_mathml_annotation_xml_element
+    && (
+      attribute_matches(attributes, "encoding", "text/html")
+      || attribute_matches(attributes, "encoding", "application/xhtml+xml")
+    )
+  ) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+// This represents a place to insert a node, consisting of a target parent and a
+// child index within that parent. If the node should be inserted at the end of
+// the parent's child, index will be -1.
+typedef struct {
+  GumboNode* target;
+  int index;
+} InsertionLocation;
+
+static InsertionLocation get_appropriate_insertion_location (
+  const GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboNode* override_target
+) {
+  InsertionLocation retval = {override_target, -1};
+  if (retval.target == NULL) {
+    // No override target; default to the current node, but special-case the
+    // root node since get_current_node() assumes the stack of open elements is
+    // non-empty.
+    retval.target = (parser->_output->root != NULL)
+      ? get_current_node(parser)
+      : get_document_node(parser)
+    ;
+  }
+  if (
+    !parser->_parser_state->_foster_parent_insertions
+    || !node_tag_in_set(retval.target, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(TABLE), TAG(TBODY), TAG(TFOOT), TAG(THEAD), TAG(TR)
+    })
+  ) {
+    return retval;
+  }
+
+  // Foster-parenting case.
+  int last_template_index = -1;
+  int last_table_index = -1;
+  const GumboVector* open_elements = &parser->_parser_state->_open_elements;
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < open_elements->length; ++i) {
+    if (node_html_tag_is(open_elements->data[i], GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE)) {
+      last_template_index = i;
+    }
+    if (node_html_tag_is(open_elements->data[i], GUMBO_TAG_TABLE)) {
+      last_table_index = i;
+    }
+  }
+  if (
+    last_template_index != -1
+    && (last_table_index == -1 || last_template_index > last_table_index)
+  ) {
+    retval.target = open_elements->data[last_template_index];
+    return retval;
+  }
+  if (last_table_index == -1) {
+    retval.target = open_elements->data[0];
+    return retval;
+  }
+  const GumboNode* last_table = open_elements->data[last_table_index];
+  if (last_table->parent != NULL) {
+    retval.target = last_table->parent;
+    retval.index = last_table->index_within_parent;
+    return retval;
+  }
+
+  retval.target = open_elements->data[last_table_index - 1];
+  return retval;
+}
+
+// Appends a node to the end of its parent, setting the "parent" and
+// "index_within_parent" fields appropriately.
+static void append_node(GumboNode* parent, GumboNode* node) {
+  assert(node->parent == NULL);
+  assert(node->index_within_parent == (unsigned int) -1);
+  GumboVector* children;
+  if (
+    parent->type == GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT
+    || parent->type == GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE
+  ) {
+    children = &parent->v.element.children;
+  } else {
+    assert(parent->type == GUMBO_NODE_DOCUMENT);
+    children = &parent->v.document.children;
+  }
+  node->parent = parent;
+  node->index_within_parent = children->length;
+  gumbo_vector_add((void*) node, children);
+  assert(node->index_within_parent < children->length);
+}
+
+// Inserts a node at the specified InsertionLocation, updating the
+// "parent" and "index_within_parent" fields of it and all its siblings.
+// If the index of the location is -1, this calls append_node.
+static void insert_node(GumboNode* node, InsertionLocation location) {
+  assert(node->parent == NULL);
+  assert(node->index_within_parent == (unsigned int) -1);
+  GumboNode* parent = location.target;
+  int index = location.index;
+  if (index != -1) {
+    GumboVector* children = NULL;
+    if (
+      parent->type == GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT
+      || parent->type == GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE
+    ) {
+      children = &parent->v.element.children;
+    } else if (parent->type == GUMBO_NODE_DOCUMENT) {
+      children = &parent->v.document.children;
+      assert(children->length == 0);
+    } else {
+      assert(0);
+    }
+
+    assert(index >= 0);
+    assert((unsigned int) index < children->length);
+    node->parent = parent;
+    node->index_within_parent = index;
+    gumbo_vector_insert_at((void*) node, index, children);
+    assert(node->index_within_parent < children->length);
+    for (unsigned int i = index + 1; i < children->length; ++i) {
+      GumboNode* sibling = children->data[i];
+      sibling->index_within_parent = i;
+      assert(sibling->index_within_parent < children->length);
+    }
+  } else {
+    append_node(parent, node);
+  }
+}
+
+static void maybe_flush_text_node_buffer(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboParserState* state = parser->_parser_state;
+  TextNodeBufferState* buffer_state = &state->_text_node;
+  if (buffer_state->_buffer.length == 0) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  assert (
+    buffer_state->_type == GUMBO_NODE_WHITESPACE
+    || buffer_state->_type == GUMBO_NODE_TEXT
+    || buffer_state->_type == GUMBO_NODE_CDATA
+  );
+  GumboNode* text_node = create_node(buffer_state->_type);
+  GumboText* text_node_data = &text_node->v.text;
+  text_node_data->text = gumbo_string_buffer_to_string(&buffer_state->_buffer);
+  text_node_data->original_text.data = buffer_state->_start_original_text;
+  text_node_data->original_text.length =
+      state->_current_token->original_text.data -
+      buffer_state->_start_original_text;
+  text_node_data->start_pos = buffer_state->_start_position;
+
+  gumbo_debug (
+    "Flushing text node buffer of %.*s.\n",
+    (int) buffer_state->_buffer.length,
+    buffer_state->_buffer.data
+  );
+
+  InsertionLocation location = get_appropriate_insertion_location(parser, NULL);
+  if (location.target->type == GUMBO_NODE_DOCUMENT) {
+    // The DOM does not allow Document nodes to have Text children, so per the
+    // spec, they are dropped on the floor.
+    destroy_node(text_node);
+  } else {
+    insert_node(text_node, location);
+  }
+
+  gumbo_string_buffer_clear(&buffer_state->_buffer);
+  buffer_state->_type = GUMBO_NODE_WHITESPACE;
+  assert(buffer_state->_buffer.length == 0);
+}
+
+static void record_end_of_element (
+  const GumboToken* current_token,
+  GumboElement* element
+) {
+  element->end_pos = current_token->position;
+  element->original_end_tag =
+    (current_token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_END_TAG)
+      ? current_token->original_text
+      : kGumboEmptyString;
+}
+
+static GumboNode* pop_current_node(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboParserState* state = parser->_parser_state;
+  maybe_flush_text_node_buffer(parser);
+  if (state->_open_elements.length > 0) {
+    assert(node_html_tag_is(state->_open_elements.data[0], GUMBO_TAG_HTML));
+    gumbo_debug (
+      "Popping %s node.\n",
+      gumbo_normalized_tagname(get_current_node(parser)->v.element.tag)
+    );
+  }
+  GumboNode* current_node = gumbo_vector_pop(&state->_open_elements);
+  if (!current_node) {
+    assert(state->_open_elements.length == 0);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  assert (
+    current_node->type == GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT
+    || current_node->type == GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE
+  );
+  bool is_closed_body_or_html_tag =
+    (
+      node_html_tag_is(current_node, GUMBO_TAG_BODY)
+      && state->_closed_body_tag
+    ) || (
+      node_html_tag_is(current_node, GUMBO_TAG_HTML)
+      && state->_closed_html_tag
+    )
+  ;
+  if (
+    (
+      state->_current_token->type != GUMBO_TOKEN_END_TAG
+      || !node_qualified_tagname_is (
+        current_node,
+        GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML,
+        state->_current_token->v.end_tag.tag,
+        state->_current_token->v.end_tag.name
+      )
+    )
+    && !is_closed_body_or_html_tag
+  ) {
+    current_node->parse_flags |= GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG;
+  }
+  if (!is_closed_body_or_html_tag) {
+    record_end_of_element(state->_current_token, &current_node->v.element);
+  }
+  return current_node;
+}
+
+static void append_comment_node (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboNode* node,
+  const GumboToken* token
+) {
+  maybe_flush_text_node_buffer(parser);
+  GumboNode* comment = create_node(GUMBO_NODE_COMMENT);
+  comment->type = GUMBO_NODE_COMMENT;
+  comment->parse_flags = GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL;
+  comment->v.text.text = token->v.text;
+  comment->v.text.original_text = token->original_text;
+  comment->v.text.start_pos = token->position;
+  append_node(node, comment);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-row-context
+static void clear_stack_to_table_row_context(GumboParser* parser) {
+  static const TagSet tags = {TAG(HTML), TAG(TR), TAG(TEMPLATE)};
+  while (!node_tag_in_set(get_current_node(parser), &tags)) {
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-context
+static void clear_stack_to_table_context(GumboParser* parser) {
+  static const TagSet tags = {TAG(HTML), TAG(TABLE), TAG(TEMPLATE)};
+  while (!node_tag_in_set(get_current_node(parser), &tags)) {
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-body-context
+static void clear_stack_to_table_body_context(GumboParser* parser) {
+  static const TagSet tags = {
+    TAG(HTML), TAG(TBODY), TAG(TFOOT), TAG(THEAD), TAG(TEMPLATE)
+  };
+  while (!node_tag_in_set(get_current_node(parser), &tags)) {
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+  }
+}
+
+// Creates a parser-inserted element in the HTML namespace and returns it.
+static GumboNode* create_element(GumboParser* parser, GumboTag tag) {
+  // XXX: This will fail for creating fragments with an element with tag
+  // GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN
+  assert(tag != GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN);
+  GumboNode* node = create_node(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT);
+  GumboElement* element = &node->v.element;
+  gumbo_vector_init(1, &element->children);
+  gumbo_vector_init(0, &element->attributes);
+  element->tag = tag;
+  element->name = gumbo_normalized_tagname(tag);
+  element->tag_namespace = GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML;
+  element->original_tag = kGumboEmptyString;
+  element->original_end_tag = kGumboEmptyString;
+  element->start_pos = (parser->_parser_state->_current_token)
+    ? parser->_parser_state->_current_token->position
+    : kGumboEmptySourcePosition
+  ;
+  element->end_pos = kGumboEmptySourcePosition;
+  return node;
+}
+
+// Constructs an element from the given start tag token.
+static GumboNode* create_element_from_token (
+  GumboToken* token,
+  GumboNamespaceEnum tag_namespace
+) {
+  assert(token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG);
+  GumboTokenStartTag* start_tag = &token->v.start_tag;
+
+  GumboNodeType type =
+    (
+      tag_namespace == GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML
+      && start_tag->tag == GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE
+    )
+    ? GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE
+    : GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT
+  ;
+
+  GumboNode* node = create_node(type);
+  GumboElement* element = &node->v.element;
+  gumbo_vector_init(1, &element->children);
+  element->attributes = start_tag->attributes;
+  element->tag = start_tag->tag;
+  element->name = start_tag->name ? start_tag->name : gumbo_normalized_tagname(start_tag->tag);
+  element->tag_namespace = tag_namespace;
+
+  assert(token->original_text.length >= 2);
+  assert(token->original_text.data[0] == '<');
+  assert(token->original_text.data[token->original_text.length - 1] == '>');
+  element->original_tag = token->original_text;
+  element->start_pos = token->position;
+  element->original_end_tag = kGumboEmptyString;
+  element->end_pos = kGumboEmptySourcePosition;
+
+  // The element takes ownership of the attributes and name from the token, so
+  // any allocated-memory fields should be nulled out.
+  start_tag->attributes = kGumboEmptyVector;
+  start_tag->name = NULL;
+  return node;
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#insert-an-html-element
+static void insert_element (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboNode* node,
+  bool is_reconstructing_formatting_elements
+) {
+  GumboParserState* state = parser->_parser_state;
+  // NOTE(jdtang): The text node buffer must always be flushed before inserting
+  // a node, otherwise we're handling nodes in a different order than the spec
+  // mandated. However, one clause of the spec (character tokens in the body)
+  // requires that we reconstruct the active formatting elements *before* adding
+  // the character, and reconstructing the active formatting elements may itself
+  // result in the insertion of new elements (which should be pushed onto the
+  // stack of open elements before the buffer is flushed). We solve this (for
+  // the time being, the spec has been rewritten for <template> and the new
+  // version may be simpler here) with a boolean flag to this method.
+  if (!is_reconstructing_formatting_elements) {
+    maybe_flush_text_node_buffer(parser);
+  }
+  InsertionLocation location = get_appropriate_insertion_location(parser, NULL);
+  insert_node(node, location);
+  gumbo_vector_add((void*) node, &state->_open_elements);
+}
+
+// Convenience method that combines create_element_from_token and
+// insert_element, inserting the generated element directly into the current
+// node. Returns the node inserted.
+static GumboNode* insert_element_from_token (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboToken* token
+) {
+  GumboNode* element = create_element_from_token(token, GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML);
+  insert_element(parser, element, false);
+  gumbo_debug (
+    "Inserting <%s> element (@%p) from token.\n",
+    gumbo_normalized_tagname(element->v.element.tag),
+    (void*)element
+  );
+  return element;
+}
+
+// Convenience method that combines create_element and insert_element, inserting
+// a parser-generated element of a specific tag type. Returns the node
+// inserted.
+static GumboNode* insert_element_of_tag_type (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTag tag,
+  GumboParseFlags reason
+) {
+  GumboNode* element = create_element(parser, tag);
+  element->parse_flags |= GUMBO_INSERTION_BY_PARSER | reason;
+  insert_element(parser, element, false);
+  gumbo_debug (
+    "Inserting %s element (@%p) from tag type.\n",
+    gumbo_normalized_tagname(tag),
+    (void*)element
+  );
+  return element;
+}
+
+// Convenience method for creating foreign namespaced element. Returns the node
+// inserted.
+static GumboNode* insert_foreign_element (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboToken* token,
+  GumboNamespaceEnum tag_namespace
+) {
+  assert(token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG);
+  GumboNode* element = create_element_from_token(token, tag_namespace);
+  insert_element(parser, element, false);
+  if (
+    token_has_attribute(token, "xmlns")
+    && !attribute_matches_case_sensitive (
+      &token->v.start_tag.attributes,
+      "xmlns",
+      kLegalXmlns[tag_namespace]
+    )
+  ) {
+    // TODO(jdtang): Since there're multiple possible error codes here, we
+    // eventually need reason codes to differentiate them.
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+  }
+  if (
+    token_has_attribute(token, "xmlns:xlink")
+    && !attribute_matches_case_sensitive (
+      &token->v.start_tag.attributes,
+      "xmlns:xlink",
+      "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
+    )
+  ) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+  }
+  return element;
+}
+
+static void insert_text_token(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  assert (
+    token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE
+    || token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER
+    || token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_NULL
+    || token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_CDATA
+  );
+  TextNodeBufferState* buffer_state = &parser->_parser_state->_text_node;
+  if (buffer_state->_buffer.length == 0) {
+    // Initialize position fields.
+    buffer_state->_start_original_text = token->original_text.data;
+    buffer_state->_start_position = token->position;
+  }
+  gumbo_string_buffer_append_codepoint (
+    token->v.character,
+    &buffer_state->_buffer
+  );
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER) {
+    buffer_state->_type = GUMBO_NODE_TEXT;
+  } else if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_CDATA) {
+    buffer_state->_type = GUMBO_NODE_CDATA;
+  }
+  gumbo_debug("Inserting text token '%c'.\n", token->v.character);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#generic-rcdata-element-parsing-algorithm
+static void run_generic_parsing_algorithm (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboToken* token,
+  GumboTokenizerEnum lexer_state
+) {
+  insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+  gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, lexer_state);
+  GumboParserState* parser_state = parser->_parser_state;
+  parser_state->_original_insertion_mode = parser_state->_insertion_mode;
+  parser_state->_insertion_mode = GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_TEXT;
+}
+
+static void acknowledge_self_closing_tag(GumboParser* parser) {
+  parser->_parser_state->_self_closing_flag_acknowledged = true;
+}
+
+// Returns true if there's an anchor tag in the list of active formatting
+// elements, and fills in its index if so.
+static bool find_last_anchor_index(GumboParser* parser, int* anchor_index) {
+  GumboVector* elements = &parser->_parser_state->_active_formatting_elements;
+  for (int i = elements->length; --i >= 0;) {
+    GumboNode* node = elements->data[i];
+    if (node == &kActiveFormattingScopeMarker) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    if (node_html_tag_is(node, GUMBO_TAG_A)) {
+      *anchor_index = i;
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+// Counts the number of open formatting elements in the list of active
+// formatting elements (after the last active scope marker) that have a specific
+// tag. If this is > 0, then earliest_matching_index will be filled in with the
+// index of the first such element.
+static int count_formatting_elements_of_tag (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  const GumboNode* desired_node,
+  int* earliest_matching_index
+) {
+  const GumboElement* desired_element = &desired_node->v.element;
+  GumboVector* elements = &parser->_parser_state->_active_formatting_elements;
+  int num_identical_elements = 0;
+  for (int i = elements->length; --i >= 0;) {
+    GumboNode* node = elements->data[i];
+    if (node == &kActiveFormattingScopeMarker) {
+      break;
+    }
+    assert(node->type == GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT);
+    if (
+      node_qualified_tagname_is (
+        node,
+        desired_element->tag_namespace,
+        desired_element->tag,
+        desired_element->name
+      )
+      && all_attributes_match(&node->v.element.attributes, &desired_element->attributes)
+    ) {
+      num_identical_elements++;
+      *earliest_matching_index = i;
+    }
+  }
+  return num_identical_elements;
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements
+static void add_formatting_element(GumboParser* parser, const GumboNode* node) {
+  assert (
+    node == &kActiveFormattingScopeMarker
+    || node->type == GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT
+  );
+  GumboVector* elements = &parser->_parser_state->_active_formatting_elements;
+  if (node == &kActiveFormattingScopeMarker) {
+    gumbo_debug("Adding a scope marker.\n");
+  } else {
+    gumbo_debug("Adding a formatting element.\n");
+  }
+
+  // Hunt for identical elements.
+  int earliest_identical_element = elements->length;
+  int num_identical_elements = count_formatting_elements_of_tag (
+    parser,
+    node,
+    &earliest_identical_element
+  );
+
+  // Noah's Ark clause: if there're at least 3, remove the earliest.
+  if (num_identical_elements >= 3) {
+    gumbo_debug (
+      "Noah's ark clause: removing element at %d.\n",
+      earliest_identical_element
+    );
+    gumbo_vector_remove_at(earliest_identical_element, elements);
+  }
+
+  gumbo_vector_add((void*) node, elements);
+}
+
+static bool is_open_element(const GumboParser* parser, const GumboNode* node) {
+  const GumboVector* open_elements = &parser->_parser_state->_open_elements;
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < open_elements->length; ++i) {
+    if (open_elements->data[i] == node) {
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+// Clones attributes, tags, etc. of a node, but does not copy the content. The
+// clone shares no structure with the original node: all owned strings and
+// values are fresh copies.
+static GumboNode* clone_node (
+  GumboNode* node,
+  GumboParseFlags reason
+) {
+  assert(node->type == GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT || node->type == GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE);
+  GumboNode* new_node = gumbo_alloc(sizeof(GumboNode));
+  *new_node = *node;
+  new_node->parent = NULL;
+  new_node->index_within_parent = -1;
+  // Clear the GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG flag, as the cloned node may
+  // have a separate end tag.
+  new_node->parse_flags &= ~GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG;
+  new_node->parse_flags |= reason | GUMBO_INSERTION_BY_PARSER;
+  GumboElement* element = &new_node->v.element;
+  gumbo_vector_init(1, &element->children);
+
+  const GumboVector* old_attributes = &node->v.element.attributes;
+  gumbo_vector_init(old_attributes->length, &element->attributes);
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < old_attributes->length; ++i) {
+    const GumboAttribute* old_attr = old_attributes->data[i];
+    GumboAttribute* attr = gumbo_alloc(sizeof(GumboAttribute));
+    *attr = *old_attr;
+    attr->name = gumbo_strdup(old_attr->name);
+    attr->value = gumbo_strdup(old_attr->value);
+    gumbo_vector_add(attr, &element->attributes);
+  }
+  return new_node;
+}
+
+// "Reconstruct active formatting elements" part of the spec.
+// This implementation is based on the html5lib translation from the
+// mess of GOTOs in the spec to reasonably structured programming.
+// https://github.com/html5lib/html5lib-python/blob/master/html5lib/treebuilders/base.py
+static void reconstruct_active_formatting_elements(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboVector* elements = &parser->_parser_state->_active_formatting_elements;
+  // Step 1
+  if (elements->length == 0) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Step 2 & 3
+  unsigned int i = elements->length - 1;
+  GumboNode* element = elements->data[i];
+  if (
+    element == &kActiveFormattingScopeMarker
+    || is_open_element(parser, element)
+  ) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Step 6
+  do {
+    if (i == 0) {
+      // Step 4
+      i = -1;  // Incremented to 0 below.
+      break;
+    }
+    // Step 5
+    element = elements->data[--i];
+  } while (
+    element != &kActiveFormattingScopeMarker
+    && !is_open_element(parser, element)
+  );
+
+  ++i;
+  gumbo_debug (
+    "Reconstructing elements from %u on %s parent.\n",
+    i,
+    gumbo_normalized_tagname(get_current_node(parser)->v.element.tag)
+  );
+  for (; i < elements->length; ++i) {
+    // Step 7 & 8.
+    assert(elements->length > 0);
+    assert(i < elements->length);
+    element = elements->data[i];
+    assert(element != &kActiveFormattingScopeMarker);
+    GumboNode* clone = clone_node (
+      element,
+      GUMBO_INSERTION_RECONSTRUCTED_FORMATTING_ELEMENT
+    );
+    // Step 9.
+    InsertionLocation location =
+        get_appropriate_insertion_location(parser, NULL);
+    insert_node(clone, location);
+    gumbo_vector_add (
+      (void*) clone,
+      &parser->_parser_state->_open_elements
+    );
+
+    // Step 10.
+    elements->data[i] = clone;
+    gumbo_debug (
+      "Reconstructed %s element at %u.\n",
+      gumbo_normalized_tagname(clone->v.element.tag),
+      i
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+static void clear_active_formatting_elements(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboVector* elements = &parser->_parser_state->_active_formatting_elements;
+  int num_elements_cleared = 0;
+  const GumboNode* node;
+  do {
+    node = gumbo_vector_pop(elements);
+    ++num_elements_cleared;
+  } while (node && node != &kActiveFormattingScopeMarker);
+  gumbo_debug (
+    "Cleared %d elements from active formatting list.\n",
+    num_elements_cleared
+  );
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#the-initial-insertion-mode
+GumboQuirksModeEnum gumbo_compute_quirks_mode (
+  const char *name,
+  const char *pubid_str,
+  const char *sysid_str
+) {
+
+  GumboStringPiece pubid = {
+    .data = pubid_str,
+    .length = pubid_str? strlen(pubid_str) : 0,
+  };
+  GumboStringPiece sysid = {
+    .data = sysid_str,
+    .length = sysid_str? strlen(sysid_str) : 0,
+  };
+  bool has_system_identifier = !!sysid_str;
+  if (
+    name == NULL
+    || strcmp(name, "html")
+    || is_in_static_list(&pubid, kQuirksModePublicIdPrefixes, false)
+    || is_in_static_list(&pubid, kQuirksModePublicIdExactMatches, true)
+    || is_in_static_list(&sysid, kQuirksModeSystemIdExactMatches, true)
+    || (
+      !has_system_identifier
+      && is_in_static_list(&pubid, kSystemIdDependentPublicIdPrefixes, false)
+    )
+  ) {
+    return GUMBO_DOCTYPE_QUIRKS;
+  }
+
+  if (
+    is_in_static_list(&pubid, kLimitedQuirksPublicIdPrefixes, false)
+    || (
+      has_system_identifier
+      && is_in_static_list(&pubid, kSystemIdDependentPublicIdPrefixes, false)
+    )
+  ) {
+    return GUMBO_DOCTYPE_LIMITED_QUIRKS;
+  }
+
+  return GUMBO_DOCTYPE_NO_QUIRKS;
+}
+
+static GumboQuirksModeEnum compute_quirks_mode(const GumboTokenDocType* doctype) {
+  if (doctype->force_quirks)
+    return GUMBO_DOCTYPE_QUIRKS;
+  return gumbo_compute_quirks_mode (
+    doctype->name,
+    doctype->has_public_identifier? doctype->public_identifier : NULL,
+    doctype->has_system_identifier? doctype->system_identifier : NULL
+  );
+}
+
+// The following functions are all defined by the "has an element in __ scope"
+// sections of the HTML5 spec:
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#has-an-element-in-the-specific-scope
+// The basic idea behind them is that they check for an element of the given
+// qualified name, contained within a scope formed by a set of other qualified
+// names. For example, "has an element in list scope" looks for an element of
+// the given qualified name within the nearest enclosing <ol> or <ul>, along
+// with a bunch of generic element types that serve to "firewall" their content
+// from the rest of the document. Note that because of the way the spec is
+// written,
+// all elements are expected to be in the HTML namespace
+static bool has_an_element_in_specific_scope (
+  const GumboParser* parser,
+  int expected_size,
+  const GumboTag* expected,
+  bool negate,
+  const TagSet* tags
+) {
+  const GumboVector* open_elements = &parser->_parser_state->_open_elements;
+  for (int i = open_elements->length; --i >= 0;) {
+    const GumboNode* node = open_elements->data[i];
+    if (node->type != GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT && node->type != GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    GumboTag node_tag = node->v.element.tag;
+    GumboNamespaceEnum node_ns = node->v.element.tag_namespace;
+    for (int j = 0; j < expected_size; ++j) {
+      if (node_tag == expected[j] && node_ns == GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML) {
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+
+    bool found = tagset_includes(tags, node_ns, node_tag);
+    if (negate != found) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+// Checks for the presence of an open element of the specified tag type.
+static bool has_open_element(const GumboParser* parser, GumboTag tag) {
+  static const TagSet tags = {TAG(HTML)};
+  return has_an_element_in_specific_scope(parser, 1, &tag, false, &tags);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#has-an-element-in-scope
+#define DEFAULT_SCOPE_TAGS \
+  TAG(APPLET), \
+  TAG(CAPTION), \
+  TAG(HTML), \
+  TAG(TABLE), \
+  TAG(TD), \
+  TAG(TH), \
+  TAG(MARQUEE), \
+  TAG(OBJECT), \
+  TAG(TEMPLATE), \
+  TAG_MATHML(MI), \
+  TAG_MATHML(MO), \
+  TAG_MATHML(MN), \
+  TAG_MATHML(MS), \
+  TAG_MATHML(MTEXT), \
+  TAG_MATHML(ANNOTATION_XML), \
+  TAG_SVG(FOREIGNOBJECT), \
+  TAG_SVG(DESC), \
+  TAG_SVG(TITLE)
+
+static const TagSet heading_tags = {
+  TAG(H1), TAG(H2), TAG(H3), TAG(H4), TAG(H5), TAG(H6)
+};
+
+static const TagSet td_th_tags = {
+  TAG(TD), TAG(TH)
+};
+
+static const TagSet dd_dt_tags = {
+  TAG(DD), TAG(DT)
+};
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#has-an-element-in-scope
+static bool has_an_element_in_scope(const GumboParser* parser, GumboTag tag) {
+  static const TagSet tags = {DEFAULT_SCOPE_TAGS};
+  return has_an_element_in_specific_scope(parser, 1, &tag, false, &tags);
+}
+
+// Like "has an element in scope", but for the specific case of looking for a
+// unique target node, not for any node with a given tag name. This duplicates
+// much of the algorithm from has_an_element_in_specific_scope because the
+// predicate is different when checking for an exact node, and it's easier &
+// faster just to duplicate the code for this one case than to try and
+// parameterize it.
+static bool has_node_in_scope(const GumboParser* parser, const GumboNode* node) {
+  static const TagSet tags = {DEFAULT_SCOPE_TAGS};
+  const GumboVector* open_elements = &parser->_parser_state->_open_elements;
+  for (int i = open_elements->length; --i >= 0;) {
+    const GumboNode* current = open_elements->data[i];
+    const GumboNodeType type = current->type;
+    if (current == node) {
+      return true;
+    }
+    if (type != GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT && type != GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (node_tag_in_set(current, &tags)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+  assert(false);
+  return false;
+}
+
+// Like has_an_element_in_scope, but restricts the expected qualified name to a
+// range of possible qualified names instead of just a single one.
+static bool has_an_element_in_scope_with_tagname (
+  const GumboParser* parser,
+  int len,
+  const GumboTag expected[]
+) {
+  static const TagSet tags = {DEFAULT_SCOPE_TAGS};
+  return has_an_element_in_specific_scope(parser, len, expected, false, &tags);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#has-an-element-in-list-item-scope
+static bool has_an_element_in_list_scope(const GumboParser* parser, GumboTag tag) {
+  static const TagSet tags = {DEFAULT_SCOPE_TAGS, TAG(OL), TAG(UL)};
+  return has_an_element_in_specific_scope(parser, 1, &tag, false, &tags);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#has-an-element-in-button-scope
+static bool has_an_element_in_button_scope(const GumboParser* parser, GumboTag tag) {
+  static const TagSet tags = {DEFAULT_SCOPE_TAGS, TAG(BUTTON)};
+  return has_an_element_in_specific_scope(parser, 1, &tag, false, &tags);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#has-an-element-in-table-scope
+static bool has_an_element_in_table_scope(const GumboParser* parser, GumboTag tag) {
+  static const TagSet tags = {TAG(HTML), TAG(TABLE), TAG(TEMPLATE)};
+  return has_an_element_in_specific_scope(parser, 1, &tag, false, &tags);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#has-an-element-in-select-scope
+static bool has_an_element_in_select_scope(const GumboParser* parser, GumboTag tag) {
+  static const TagSet tags = {TAG(OPTGROUP), TAG(OPTION)};
+  return has_an_element_in_specific_scope(parser, 1, &tag, true, &tags);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#generate-implied-end-tags
+// "exception" is the "element to exclude from the process" listed in the spec.
+// Pass GUMBO_TAG_LAST to not exclude any of them.
+static void generate_implied_end_tags (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTag exception,
+  const char* exception_name
+) {
+  static const TagSet tags = {
+    TAG(DD), TAG(DT), TAG(LI), TAG(OPTGROUP), TAG(OPTION),
+    TAG(P), TAG(RB), TAG(RP), TAG(RT), TAG(RTC)
+  };
+  while (
+    node_tag_in_set(get_current_node(parser), &tags)
+    && !node_html_tagname_is(get_current_node(parser), exception, exception_name)
+  ) {
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+  }
+}
+
+// This is the "generate all implied end tags thoroughly" clause of the spec.
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#closing-elements-that-have-implied-end-tags
+static void generate_all_implied_end_tags_thoroughly(GumboParser* parser) {
+  static const TagSet tags = {
+    TAG(CAPTION), TAG(COLGROUP), TAG(DD), TAG(DT), TAG(LI), TAG(OPTGROUP),
+    TAG(OPTION), TAG(P), TAG(RB), TAG(RP), TAG(RT), TAG(RTC), TAG(TBODY),
+    TAG(TD), TAG(TFOOT), TAG(TH), TAG(THEAD), TAG(TR)
+  };
+  while (node_tag_in_set(get_current_node(parser), &tags)) {
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+  }
+}
+
+// This factors out the clauses in the "in body" insertion mode checking "if
+// there is a node in the stack of open elements that is not" one of a list of
+// elements in which case it's a parse error.
+// This is used in "an end-of-file token", "an end tag whose tag name is
+// 'body'", and "an end tag whose tag name is 'html'".
+static bool stack_contains_nonclosable_element (
+  GumboParser* parser
+) {
+  static const TagSet tags = {
+    TAG(DD), TAG(DT), TAG(LI), TAG(OPTGROUP), TAG(OPTION), TAG(P), TAG(RB),
+    TAG(RP), TAG(RT), TAG(RTC), TAG(TBODY), TAG(TD), TAG(TFOOT), TAG(TH),
+    TAG(THEAD), TAG(TR), TAG(BODY), TAG(HTML),
+  };
+  GumboVector* open_elements = &parser->_parser_state->_open_elements;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < open_elements->length; ++i) {
+    if (!node_tag_in_set(open_elements->data[i], &tags))
+      return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+// This factors out the clauses relating to "act as if an end tag token with tag
+// name "table" had been seen. Returns true if there's a table element in table
+// scope which was successfully closed, false if not and the token should be
+// ignored. Does not add parse errors; callers should handle that.
+static bool close_table(GumboParser* parser) {
+  if (!has_an_element_in_table_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_TABLE)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  GumboNode* node = pop_current_node(parser);
+  while (!node_html_tag_is(node, GUMBO_TAG_TABLE)) {
+    node = pop_current_node(parser);
+  }
+  reset_insertion_mode_appropriately(parser);
+  return true;
+}
+
+// This factors out the clauses relating to "act as if an end tag token with tag
+// name `cell_tag` had been seen".
+static void close_table_cell (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  const GumboToken* token,
+  GumboTag cell_tag
+) {
+  generate_implied_end_tags(parser, GUMBO_TAG_LAST, NULL);
+  const GumboNode* node = get_current_node(parser);
+  if (!node_html_tag_is(node, cell_tag))
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+  do {
+    node = pop_current_node(parser);
+  } while (!node_html_tag_is(node, cell_tag));
+
+  clear_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+  set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_ROW);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#close-the-cell
+// This holds the logic to determine whether we should close a <td> or a <th>.
+static void close_current_cell(GumboParser* parser, const GumboToken* token) {
+  GumboTag cell_tag;
+  if (has_an_element_in_table_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_TD)) {
+    assert(!has_an_element_in_table_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_TH));
+    cell_tag = GUMBO_TAG_TD;
+  } else {
+    assert(has_an_element_in_table_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_TH));
+    cell_tag = GUMBO_TAG_TH;
+  }
+  close_table_cell(parser, token, cell_tag);
+}
+
+// This factors out the "act as if an end tag of tag name 'select' had been
+// seen" clause of the spec, since it's referenced in several places. It pops
+// all nodes from the stack until the current <select> has been closed, then
+// resets the insertion mode appropriately.
+static void close_current_select(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboNode* node = pop_current_node(parser);
+  while (!node_html_tag_is(node, GUMBO_TAG_SELECT)) {
+    node = pop_current_node(parser);
+  }
+  reset_insertion_mode_appropriately(parser);
+}
+
+// The list of nodes in the "special" category:
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#special
+static bool is_special_node(const GumboNode* node) {
+  assert(node->type == GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT || node->type == GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE);
+  return node_tag_in_set(node, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(ADDRESS), TAG(APPLET), TAG(AREA), TAG(ARTICLE),
+      TAG(ASIDE), TAG(BASE), TAG(BASEFONT), TAG(BGSOUND), TAG(BLOCKQUOTE),
+      TAG(BODY), TAG(BR), TAG(BUTTON), TAG(CAPTION), TAG(CENTER), TAG(COL),
+      TAG(COLGROUP), TAG(DD), TAG(DETAILS), TAG(DIR),
+      TAG(DIV), TAG(DL), TAG(DT), TAG(EMBED), TAG(FIELDSET),
+      TAG(FIGCAPTION), TAG(FIGURE), TAG(FOOTER), TAG(FORM), TAG(FRAME),
+      TAG(FRAMESET), TAG(H1), TAG(H2), TAG(H3), TAG(H4), TAG(H5), TAG(H6),
+      TAG(HEAD), TAG(HEADER), TAG(HGROUP), TAG(HR), TAG(HTML), TAG(IFRAME),
+      TAG(IMG), TAG(INPUT), TAG(LI), TAG(LINK), TAG(LISTING),
+      TAG(MARQUEE), TAG(MENU), TAG(META), TAG(NAV), TAG(NOEMBED),
+      TAG(NOFRAMES), TAG(NOSCRIPT), TAG(OBJECT), TAG(OL), TAG(P),
+      TAG(PARAM), TAG(PLAINTEXT), TAG(PRE), TAG(SCRIPT), TAG(SECTION),
+      TAG(SELECT), TAG(STYLE), TAG(SUMMARY), TAG(TABLE), TAG(TBODY),
+      TAG(TD), TAG(TEMPLATE), TAG(TEXTAREA), TAG(TFOOT), TAG(TH),
+      TAG(THEAD), TAG(TR), TAG(UL), TAG(WBR), TAG(XMP),
+
+      TAG_MATHML(MI), TAG_MATHML(MO), TAG_MATHML(MN), TAG_MATHML(MS),
+      TAG_MATHML(MTEXT), TAG_MATHML(ANNOTATION_XML),
+
+      TAG_SVG(FOREIGNOBJECT), TAG_SVG(DESC),
+
+      // This TagSet needs to include the "title" element in both the
+      // HTML and SVG namespaces. Using both TAG(TITLE) and TAG_SVG(TITLE)
+      // won't work, due to the simplistic way in which the TAG macros are
+      // implemented, so we do it like this instead:
+      [GUMBO_TAG_TITLE] =
+          (1 << GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML) |
+          (1 << GUMBO_NAMESPACE_SVG)
+    }
+  );
+}
+
+// Implicitly closes currently open elements until it reaches an element with
+// the
+// specified qualified name. If the elements closed are in the set handled by
+// generate_implied_end_tags, this is normal operation and this function returns
+// true. Otherwise, a parse error is recorded and this function returns false.
+static void implicitly_close_tags (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboToken* token,
+  GumboNamespaceEnum target_ns,
+  GumboTag target
+) {
+  assert(target != GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN);
+  generate_implied_end_tags(parser, target, NULL);
+  if (!node_qualified_tag_is(get_current_node(parser), target_ns, target)) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    while (
+      !node_qualified_tag_is(get_current_node(parser), target_ns, target)
+    ) {
+      pop_current_node(parser);
+    }
+  }
+  assert(node_qualified_tag_is(get_current_node(parser), target_ns, target));
+  pop_current_node(parser);
+}
+
+// If the stack of open elements has a <p> tag in button scope, this acts as if
+// a </p> tag was encountered, implicitly closing tags. Returns false if a
+// parse error occurs. This is a convenience function because this particular
+// clause appears several times in the spec.
+static void maybe_implicitly_close_p_tag (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboToken* token
+) {
+  if (has_an_element_in_button_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_P)) {
+    implicitly_close_tags (
+      parser,
+      token,
+      GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML,
+      GUMBO_TAG_P
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+// Convenience function to encapsulate the logic for closing <li> or <dd>/<dt>
+// tags. Pass true to is_li for handling <li> tags, false for <dd> and <dt>.
+static void maybe_implicitly_close_list_tag (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboToken* token,
+  bool is_li
+) {
+  GumboParserState* state = parser->_parser_state;
+  set_frameset_not_ok(parser);
+  for (int i = state->_open_elements.length; --i >= 0;) {
+    const GumboNode* node = state->_open_elements.data[i];
+    bool is_list_tag = is_li
+      ? node_html_tag_is(node, GUMBO_TAG_LI)
+      : node_tag_in_set(node, &dd_dt_tags)
+    ;
+    if (is_list_tag) {
+      implicitly_close_tags (
+        parser,
+        token,
+        node->v.element.tag_namespace,
+        node->v.element.tag
+      );
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (
+      is_special_node(node)
+      && !node_tag_in_set(node, &(const TagSet){TAG(ADDRESS), TAG(DIV), TAG(P)})
+    ) {
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+static void merge_attributes (
+  GumboToken* token,
+  GumboNode* node
+) {
+  assert(token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG);
+  assert(node->type == GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT);
+  const GumboVector* token_attr = &token->v.start_tag.attributes;
+  GumboVector* node_attr = &node->v.element.attributes;
+
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < token_attr->length; ++i) {
+    GumboAttribute* attr = token_attr->data[i];
+    if (!gumbo_get_attribute(node_attr, attr->name)) {
+      // Ownership of the attribute is transferred by this gumbo_vector_add,
+      // so it has to be nulled out of the original token so it doesn't get
+      // double-deleted.
+      gumbo_vector_add(attr, node_attr);
+      token_attr->data[i] = NULL;
+    }
+  }
+  // When attributes are merged, it means the token has been ignored and merged
+  // with another token, so we need to free its memory. The attributes that are
+  // transferred need to be nulled-out in the vector above so that they aren't
+  // double-deleted.
+  gumbo_token_destroy(token);
+
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+  // Mark this sentinel so the assertion in the main loop knows it's been
+  // destroyed.
+  token->v.start_tag.attributes = kGumboEmptyVector;
+#endif
+}
+
+const char* gumbo_normalize_svg_tagname(const GumboStringPiece* tag) {
+  const StringReplacement *replacement = gumbo_get_svg_tag_replacement (
+    tag->data,
+    tag->length
+  );
+  return replacement ? replacement->to : NULL;
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#adjust-foreign-attributes
+// This destructively modifies any matching attributes on the token and sets the
+// namespace appropriately.
+static void adjust_foreign_attributes(GumboToken* token) {
+  assert(token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG);
+  const GumboVector* attributes = &token->v.start_tag.attributes;
+  for (unsigned int i = 0, n = attributes->length; i < n; ++i) {
+    GumboAttribute* attr = attributes->data[i];
+    const ForeignAttrReplacement* entry = gumbo_get_foreign_attr_replacement (
+      attr->name,
+      strlen(attr->name)
+    );
+    if (!entry) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    gumbo_free((void*) attr->name);
+    attr->attr_namespace = entry->attr_namespace;
+    attr->name = gumbo_strdup(entry->local_name);
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parsing-main-inforeign
+// This adjusts svg tags.
+static void adjust_svg_tag(GumboToken* token) {
+  assert(token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG);
+  if (token->v.start_tag.tag == GUMBO_TAG_FOREIGNOBJECT) {
+    assert(token->v.start_tag.name == NULL);
+    token->v.start_tag.name = "foreignObject";
+  } else if (token->v.start_tag.tag == GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN) {
+    assert(token->v.start_tag.name);
+    const StringReplacement *replacement = gumbo_get_svg_tag_replacement(
+      token->v.start_tag.name,
+      strlen(token->v.start_tag.name)
+    );
+    if (replacement) {
+      // This cast is safe because we allocated this memory and we'll free it.
+      strcpy((char *)token->v.start_tag.name, replacement->to);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#adjust-svg-attributes
+// This destructively modifies any matching attributes on the token.
+static void adjust_svg_attributes(GumboToken* token) {
+  assert(token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG);
+  const GumboVector* attributes = &token->v.start_tag.attributes;
+  for (unsigned int i = 0, n = attributes->length; i < n; i++) {
+    GumboAttribute* attr = (GumboAttribute*) attributes->data[i];
+    const StringReplacement* replacement = gumbo_get_svg_attr_replacement (
+      attr->name,
+      attr->original_name.length
+    );
+    if (!replacement) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    gumbo_free((void*) attr->name);
+    attr->name = gumbo_strdup(replacement->to);
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#adjust-mathml-attributes
+// Note that this may destructively modify the token with the new attribute
+// value.
+static void adjust_mathml_attributes(GumboToken* token) {
+  assert(token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG);
+  GumboAttribute* attr = gumbo_get_attribute (
+    &token->v.start_tag.attributes,
+    "definitionurl"
+  );
+  if (!attr) {
+    return;
+  }
+  gumbo_free((void*) attr->name);
+  attr->name = gumbo_strdup("definitionURL");
+}
+
+static void maybe_add_doctype_error (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  const GumboToken* token
+) {
+  const GumboTokenDocType* doctype = &token->v.doc_type;
+  if (
+    strcmp(doctype->name, "html")
+    || doctype->has_public_identifier
+    || (doctype->has_system_identifier
+        && strcmp(doctype->system_identifier, "about:legacy-compat"))
+  ) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+  }
+}
+
+static void remove_from_parent(GumboNode* node) {
+  if (!node->parent) {
+    // The node may not have a parent if, for example, it is a newly-cloned copy
+    // of an active formatting element. DOM manipulations continue with the
+    // orphaned fragment of the DOM tree until it's appended/foster-parented to
+    // the common ancestor at the end of the adoption agency algorithm.
+    return;
+  }
+  assert(node->parent->type == GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT);
+  GumboVector* children = &node->parent->v.element.children;
+  int index = gumbo_vector_index_of(children, node);
+  assert(index != -1);
+
+  gumbo_vector_remove_at(index, children);
+  node->parent = NULL;
+  node->index_within_parent = -1;
+  for (unsigned int i = index; i < children->length; ++i) {
+    GumboNode* child = children->data[i];
+    child->index_within_parent = i;
+  }
+}
+
+// This is here to clean up memory when the spec says "Ignore current token."
+static void ignore_token(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboToken* token = parser->_parser_state->_current_token;
+  // Ownership of the token's internal buffers are normally transferred to the
+  // element, but if no element is emitted (as happens in non-verbatim-mode
+  // when a token is ignored), we need to free it here to prevent a memory
+  // leak.
+  gumbo_token_destroy(token);
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG) {
+    // Mark this sentinel so the assertion in the main loop knows it's been
+    // destroyed.
+    token->v.start_tag.attributes = kGumboEmptyVector;
+    token->v.start_tag.name = NULL;
+  }
+#endif
+}
+
+// The token is usually an end tag; however, the adoption agency algorithm may
+// invoke this for an 'a' or 'nobr' start tag.
+// Returns false if there was an error.
+static void in_body_any_other_end_tag(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token)
+{
+  GumboParserState* state = parser->_parser_state;
+  GumboTag tag;
+  const char* tagname;
+
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_END_TAG) {
+    tag = token->v.end_tag.tag;
+    tagname = token->v.end_tag.name;
+  } else {
+    assert(token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG);
+    tag = token->v.start_tag.tag;
+    tagname = token->v.start_tag.name;
+  }
+
+  assert(state->_open_elements.length > 0);
+  assert(node_html_tag_is(state->_open_elements.data[0], GUMBO_TAG_HTML));
+  // Walk up the stack of open elements until we find one that either:
+  // a) Matches the tag name we saw
+  // b) Is in the "special" category.
+  // If we see a), implicitly close everything up to and including it. If we
+  // see b), then record a parse error, don't close anything (except the
+  // implied end tags) and ignore the end tag token.
+  for (int i = state->_open_elements.length; --i >= 0;) {
+    const GumboNode* node = state->_open_elements.data[i];
+    if (node_qualified_tagname_is(node, GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML, tag, tagname)) {
+      generate_implied_end_tags(parser, tag, tagname);
+      // <!DOCTYPE><body><sarcasm><foo></sarcasm> is an example of an error.
+      // foo is the "current node" but sarcasm is node.
+      // XXX: Write a test for this.
+      if (node != get_current_node(parser)) {
+        parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      }
+      while (node != pop_current_node(parser))
+        ;  // Pop everything.
+      return;
+    } else if (is_special_node(node)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+  // <html> is in the special category, so we should never get here.
+  assert(0 && "unreachable");
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#an-introduction-to-error-handling-and-strange-cases-in-the-parser
+// Also described in the "in body" handling for end formatting tags.
+// Returns false if there was an error.
+static void adoption_agency_algorithm(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token)
+{
+  GumboParserState* state = parser->_parser_state;
+  gumbo_debug("Entering adoption agency algorithm.\n");
+  // Step 1.
+  GumboTag subject;
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG) {
+    subject = token->v.start_tag.tag;
+  } else {
+    assert(token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_END_TAG);
+    subject = token->v.end_tag.tag;
+  }
+  assert(subject != GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN);
+
+  // Step 2.
+  GumboNode* current_node = get_current_node(parser);
+  if (
+    node_html_tag_is(current_node, subject)
+    && -1 == gumbo_vector_index_of (
+      &state->_active_formatting_elements,
+      current_node
+    )
+  ) {
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Steps 3-5 & 21:
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+    // Step 6.
+    GumboNode* formatting_node = NULL;
+    int formatting_node_in_open_elements = -1;
+    for (int j = state->_active_formatting_elements.length; --j >= 0;) {
+      GumboNode* current_node = state->_active_formatting_elements.data[j];
+      if (current_node == &kActiveFormattingScopeMarker) {
+        gumbo_debug("Broke on scope marker; aborting.\n");
+        // Last scope marker; abort the algorithm and handle according to "any
+        // other end tag" (below).
+        break;
+      }
+      if (node_html_tag_is(current_node, subject)) {
+        // Found it.
+        formatting_node = current_node;
+        formatting_node_in_open_elements = gumbo_vector_index_of (
+          &state->_open_elements,
+          formatting_node
+        );
+        gumbo_debug (
+          "Formatting element of tag %s at %d.\n",
+          gumbo_normalized_tagname(subject),
+          formatting_node_in_open_elements
+        );
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    if (!formatting_node) {
+      // No matching tag; not a parse error outright, but fall through to the
+      // "any other end tag" clause (which may potentially add a parse error,
+      // but not always).
+      gumbo_debug("No active formatting elements; aborting.\n");
+      in_body_any_other_end_tag(parser, token);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Step 7
+    if (formatting_node_in_open_elements == -1) {
+      gumbo_debug("Formatting node not on stack of open elements.\n");
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      gumbo_vector_remove (
+        formatting_node,
+        &state->_active_formatting_elements
+      );
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Step 8
+    if (!has_an_element_in_scope(parser, formatting_node->v.element.tag)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      gumbo_debug("Element not in scope.\n");
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Step 9
+    if (formatting_node != get_current_node(parser))
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);  // But continue onwards.
+    assert(formatting_node);
+    assert(!node_html_tag_is(formatting_node, GUMBO_TAG_HTML));
+    assert(!node_html_tag_is(formatting_node, GUMBO_TAG_BODY));
+
+    // Step 10
+    GumboNode* furthest_block = NULL;
+    for (
+      unsigned int j = formatting_node_in_open_elements;
+      j < state->_open_elements.length;
+      ++j
+    ) {
+      assert(j > 0);
+      GumboNode* current = state->_open_elements.data[j];
+      if (is_special_node(current)) {
+        furthest_block = current;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    // Step 11.
+    if (!furthest_block) {
+      while (pop_current_node(parser) != formatting_node)
+        ;
+      gumbo_vector_remove (
+        formatting_node,
+        &state->_active_formatting_elements
+      );
+      return;
+    }
+    assert(!node_html_tag_is(furthest_block, GUMBO_TAG_HTML));
+
+    // Step 12.
+    // Elements may be moved and reparented by this algorithm, so
+    // common_ancestor is not necessarily the same as formatting_node->parent.
+    GumboNode* common_ancestor = state->_open_elements.data [
+      formatting_node_in_open_elements - 1
+    ];
+    gumbo_debug (
+      "Common ancestor tag = %s, furthest block tag = %s.\n",
+      gumbo_normalized_tagname(common_ancestor->v.element.tag),
+      gumbo_normalized_tagname(furthest_block->v.element.tag)
+    );
+
+    // Step 13.
+    int bookmark = 1 + gumbo_vector_index_of (
+      &state->_active_formatting_elements,
+      formatting_node
+    );
+    gumbo_debug("Bookmark at %d.\n", bookmark);
+    // Step 14.
+    GumboNode* node = furthest_block;
+    GumboNode* last_node = furthest_block;
+    // Must be stored explicitly, in case node is removed from the stack of open
+    // elements, to handle step 14.3.
+    int saved_node_index = gumbo_vector_index_of(&state->_open_elements, node);
+    assert(saved_node_index > 0);
+    // Step 14.1.
+    for (int j = 0;;) {
+      // Step 14.2.
+      ++j;
+      // Step 14.3.
+      int node_index = gumbo_vector_index_of(&state->_open_elements, node);
+      gumbo_debug (
+        "Current index: %d, last index: %d.\n",
+        node_index,
+        saved_node_index
+      );
+      if (node_index == -1) {
+        node_index = saved_node_index;
+      }
+      saved_node_index = --node_index;
+      assert(node_index > 0);
+      assert((unsigned int) node_index < state->_open_elements.capacity);
+      node = state->_open_elements.data[node_index];
+      assert(node->parent);
+      // Step 14.4.
+      if (node == formatting_node) {
+        break;
+      }
+      int formatting_index = gumbo_vector_index_of (
+        &state->_active_formatting_elements,
+        node
+      );
+      // Step 14.5.
+      if (j > 3 && formatting_index != -1) {
+        gumbo_debug("Removing formatting element at %d.\n", formatting_index);
+        gumbo_vector_remove_at (
+          formatting_index,
+          &state->_active_formatting_elements
+        );
+        // Removing the element shifts all indices over by one, so we may need
+        // to move the bookmark.
+        if (formatting_index < bookmark) {
+          --bookmark;
+          gumbo_debug("Moving bookmark to %d.\n", bookmark);
+        }
+        continue;
+      }
+      if (formatting_index == -1) {
+        // Step 14.6.
+        gumbo_vector_remove_at(node_index, &state->_open_elements);
+        continue;
+      }
+      // Step 14.7.
+      // "common ancestor as the intended parent" doesn't actually mean insert
+      // it into the common ancestor; that happens below.
+      node = clone_node(node, GUMBO_INSERTION_ADOPTION_AGENCY_CLONED);
+      assert(formatting_index >= 0);
+      state->_active_formatting_elements.data[formatting_index] = node;
+      assert(node_index >= 0);
+      state->_open_elements.data[node_index] = node;
+      // Step 14.8.
+      if (last_node == furthest_block) {
+        bookmark = formatting_index + 1;
+        gumbo_debug("Bookmark moved to %d.\n", bookmark);
+        assert((unsigned int) bookmark <= state->_active_formatting_elements.length);
+      }
+      // Step 14.9.
+      last_node->parse_flags |= GUMBO_INSERTION_ADOPTION_AGENCY_MOVED;
+      remove_from_parent(last_node);
+      append_node(node, last_node);
+      // Step 14.10.
+      last_node = node;
+    }  // Step 14.11.
+
+    // Step 15.
+    gumbo_debug (
+      "Removing %s node from parent ",
+      gumbo_normalized_tagname(last_node->v.element.tag)
+    );
+    remove_from_parent(last_node);
+    last_node->parse_flags |= GUMBO_INSERTION_ADOPTION_AGENCY_MOVED;
+    InsertionLocation location = get_appropriate_insertion_location (
+      parser,
+      common_ancestor
+    );
+    gumbo_debug (
+      "and inserting it into %s.\n",
+      gumbo_normalized_tagname(location.target->v.element.tag)
+    );
+    insert_node(last_node, location);
+
+    // Step 16.
+    GumboNode* new_formatting_node = clone_node (
+      formatting_node,
+      GUMBO_INSERTION_ADOPTION_AGENCY_CLONED
+    );
+    formatting_node->parse_flags |= GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG;
+
+    // Step 17. Instead of appending nodes one-by-one, we swap the children
+    // vector of furthest_block with the empty children of new_formatting_node,
+    // reducing memory traffic and allocations. We still have to reset their
+    // parent pointers, though.
+    GumboVector temp = new_formatting_node->v.element.children;
+    new_formatting_node->v.element.children = furthest_block->v.element.children;
+    furthest_block->v.element.children = temp;
+
+    temp = new_formatting_node->v.element.children;
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < temp.length; ++i) {
+      GumboNode* child = temp.data[i];
+      child->parent = new_formatting_node;
+    }
+
+    // Step 18.
+    append_node(furthest_block, new_formatting_node);
+
+    // Step 19.
+    // If the formatting node was before the bookmark, it may shift over all
+    // indices after it, so we need to explicitly find the index and possibly
+    // adjust the bookmark.
+    int formatting_node_index = gumbo_vector_index_of (
+      &state->_active_formatting_elements,
+      formatting_node
+    );
+    assert(formatting_node_index != -1);
+    if (formatting_node_index < bookmark) {
+      gumbo_debug (
+        "Formatting node at %d is before bookmark at %d; decrementing.\n",
+        formatting_node_index, bookmark
+      );
+      --bookmark;
+    }
+    gumbo_vector_remove_at (
+      formatting_node_index,
+      &state->_active_formatting_elements
+    );
+    assert(bookmark >= 0);
+    assert((unsigned int) bookmark <= state->_active_formatting_elements.length);
+    gumbo_vector_insert_at (
+      new_formatting_node,
+      bookmark,
+      &state->_active_formatting_elements
+    );
+
+    // Step 20.
+    gumbo_vector_remove(formatting_node, &state->_open_elements);
+    int insert_at = 1 + gumbo_vector_index_of (
+      &state->_open_elements,
+      furthest_block
+    );
+    assert(insert_at >= 0);
+    assert((unsigned int) insert_at <= state->_open_elements.length);
+    gumbo_vector_insert_at (
+      new_formatting_node,
+      insert_at,
+      &state->_open_elements
+    );
+  }  // Step 21.
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#the-end
+static void finish_parsing(GumboParser* parser) {
+  gumbo_debug("Finishing parsing");
+  maybe_flush_text_node_buffer(parser);
+  GumboParserState* state = parser->_parser_state;
+  for (
+    GumboNode* node = pop_current_node(parser);
+    node;
+    node = pop_current_node(parser)
+  ) {
+    if (
+      (node_html_tag_is(node, GUMBO_TAG_BODY) && state->_closed_body_tag)
+      || (node_html_tag_is(node, GUMBO_TAG_HTML) && state->_closed_html_tag)
+    ) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    node->parse_flags |= GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG;
+  }
+  while (pop_current_node(parser))
+    ;  // Pop them all.
+}
+
+static void handle_initial(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  GumboDocument* document = &get_document_node(parser)->v.document;
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE) {
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT) {
+    append_comment_node(parser, get_document_node(parser), token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE) {
+    document->has_doctype = true;
+    document->name = token->v.doc_type.name;
+    document->public_identifier = token->v.doc_type.public_identifier;
+    document->system_identifier = token->v.doc_type.system_identifier;
+    document->doc_type_quirks_mode = compute_quirks_mode(&token->v.doc_type);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_BEFORE_HTML);
+    maybe_add_doctype_error(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+  document->doc_type_quirks_mode = GUMBO_DOCTYPE_QUIRKS;
+  set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_BEFORE_HTML);
+  parser->_parser_state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#the-before-html-insertion-mode
+static void handle_before_html(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT) {
+    append_comment_node(parser, get_document_node(parser), token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE) {
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_HTML)) {
+    GumboNode* html_node = insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    parser->_output->root = html_node;
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_BEFORE_HEAD);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_END_TAG
+    && !tag_in(token, false, &(const TagSet){TAG(HEAD), TAG(BODY), TAG(HTML), TAG(BR)})
+  ) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  GumboNode* html_node = insert_element_of_tag_type (
+    parser,
+    GUMBO_TAG_HTML,
+    GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLIED
+  );
+  assert(html_node);
+  parser->_output->root = html_node;
+  set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_BEFORE_HEAD);
+  parser->_parser_state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+}
+
+// Forward declarations because of mutual dependencies.
+static void handle_token(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token);
+static void handle_in_body(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token);
+static void handle_in_template(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token);
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#the-before-head-insertion-mode
+static void handle_before_head(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE) {
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT) {
+    append_comment_node(parser, get_current_node(parser), token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_HTML)) {
+    handle_in_body(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_HEAD)) {
+    GumboNode* node = insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    parser->_parser_state->_head_element = node;
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_HEAD);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_END_TAG
+    && !tag_in(token, kEndTag, &(const TagSet){TAG(HEAD), TAG(BODY), TAG(HTML), TAG(BR)})
+  ) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  GumboNode* node = insert_element_of_tag_type (
+    parser,
+    GUMBO_TAG_HEAD,
+    GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLIED
+  );
+  parser->_parser_state->_head_element = node;
+  set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_HEAD);
+  parser->_parser_state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parsing-main-inhead
+static void handle_in_head(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE) {
+    insert_text_token(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT) {
+    append_comment_node(parser, get_current_node(parser), token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_HTML)) {
+    return handle_in_body(parser, token);
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(BASE), TAG(BASEFONT), TAG(BGSOUND), TAG(LINK)
+    })
+  ) {
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+    acknowledge_self_closing_tag(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_META)) {
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+    acknowledge_self_closing_tag(parser);
+    // NOTE(jdtang): Gumbo handles only UTF-8, so the encoding clause of the
+    // spec doesn't apply. If clients want to handle meta-tag re-encoding, they
+    // should specifically look for that string in the document and re-encode it
+    // before passing to Gumbo.
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_TITLE)) {
+    run_generic_parsing_algorithm(parser, token, GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet){TAG(NOFRAMES), TAG(STYLE)})
+  ) {
+    run_generic_parsing_algorithm(parser, token, GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_NOSCRIPT)) {
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_HEAD_NOSCRIPT);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT)) {
+    run_generic_parsing_algorithm(parser, token, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_HEAD)) {
+    GumboNode* head = pop_current_node(parser);
+    UNUSED_IF_NDEBUG(head);
+    assert(node_html_tag_is(head, GUMBO_TAG_HEAD));
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_AFTER_HEAD);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kEndTag, &(const TagSet){TAG(BODY), TAG(HTML), TAG(BR)})
+  ) {
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_AFTER_HEAD);
+    parser->_parser_state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE)) {
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    add_formatting_element(parser, &kActiveFormattingScopeMarker);
+    set_frameset_not_ok(parser);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TEMPLATE);
+    push_template_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TEMPLATE);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE)) {
+    if (!has_open_element(parser, GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    generate_all_implied_end_tags_thoroughly(parser);
+    if (!node_html_tag_is(get_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE))
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    while (!node_html_tag_is(pop_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE))
+      ;
+    clear_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+    pop_template_insertion_mode(parser);
+    reset_insertion_mode_appropriately(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_HEAD)
+    || (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_END_TAG)
+  ) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  pop_current_node(parser);
+  set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_AFTER_HEAD);
+  parser->_parser_state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+  return;
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parsing-main-inheadnoscript
+static void handle_in_head_noscript(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_HTML)) {
+    handle_in_body(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_NOSCRIPT)) {
+    const GumboNode* node = pop_current_node(parser);
+    assert(node_html_tag_is(node, GUMBO_TAG_NOSCRIPT));
+    UNUSED_IF_NDEBUG(node);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_HEAD);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE
+    || token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT
+    || tag_in (token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(BASEFONT), TAG(BGSOUND), TAG(LINK),
+      TAG(META), TAG(NOFRAMES), TAG(STYLE)
+    })
+  ) {
+    handle_in_head(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet){TAG(HEAD), TAG(NOSCRIPT)})
+    || (
+      token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_END_TAG
+      && !tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_BR)
+    )
+  ) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+  const GumboNode* node = pop_current_node(parser);
+  assert(node_html_tag_is(node, GUMBO_TAG_NOSCRIPT));
+  UNUSED_IF_NDEBUG(node);
+  set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_HEAD);
+  parser->_parser_state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#the-after-head-insertion-mode
+static void handle_after_head(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  GumboParserState* state = parser->_parser_state;
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE) {
+    insert_text_token(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT) {
+    append_comment_node(parser, get_current_node(parser), token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_HTML)) {
+    handle_in_body(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_BODY)) {
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    set_frameset_not_ok(parser);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_BODY);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_FRAMESET)) {
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_FRAMESET);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(BASE), TAG(BASEFONT), TAG(BGSOUND), TAG(LINK), TAG(META),
+      TAG(NOFRAMES), TAG(SCRIPT), TAG(STYLE), TAG(TEMPLATE), TAG(TITLE)
+    })
+  ) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    assert(state->_head_element != NULL);
+    // This must be flushed before we push the head element on, as there may be
+    // pending character tokens that should be attached to the root.
+    maybe_flush_text_node_buffer(parser);
+    gumbo_vector_add(state->_head_element, &state->_open_elements);
+    handle_in_head(parser, token);
+    gumbo_vector_remove(state->_head_element, &state->_open_elements);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE)) {
+    handle_in_head(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_HEAD)
+    || (
+      token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_END_TAG
+      && !tag_in(token, kEndTag, &(const TagSet){TAG(BODY), TAG(HTML), TAG(BR)})
+    )
+  ) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  insert_element_of_tag_type(parser, GUMBO_TAG_BODY, GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLIED);
+  set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_BODY);
+  state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parsing-main-inbody
+static void handle_in_body(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  GumboParserState* state = parser->_parser_state;
+  assert(state->_open_elements.length > 0);
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_NULL) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE) {
+    reconstruct_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+    insert_text_token(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER
+    || token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_CDATA
+  ) {
+    reconstruct_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+    insert_text_token(parser, token);
+    set_frameset_not_ok(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT) {
+    append_comment_node(parser, get_current_node(parser), token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_HTML)) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    if (has_open_element(parser, GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE)) {
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    assert(parser->_output->root != NULL);
+    assert(parser->_output->root->type == GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT);
+    merge_attributes(token, parser->_output->root);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(BASE), TAG(BASEFONT), TAG(BGSOUND), TAG(LINK),
+      TAG(META), TAG(NOFRAMES), TAG(SCRIPT), TAG(STYLE), TAG(TEMPLATE),
+      TAG(TITLE)
+    })
+    || tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE)
+  ) {
+    handle_in_head(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_BODY)) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    if (
+      state->_open_elements.length < 2
+      || !node_html_tag_is(state->_open_elements.data[1], GUMBO_TAG_BODY)
+      || has_open_element(parser, GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE)
+    ) {
+      ignore_token(parser);
+    } else {
+      set_frameset_not_ok(parser);
+      merge_attributes(token, state->_open_elements.data[1]);
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_FRAMESET)) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    if (
+      state->_open_elements.length < 2
+      || !node_html_tag_is(state->_open_elements.data[1], GUMBO_TAG_BODY)
+      || !state->_frameset_ok
+    ) {
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    // Save the body node for later removal.
+    GumboNode* body_node = state->_open_elements.data[1];
+
+    // Pop all nodes except root HTML element.
+    GumboNode* node;
+    do {
+      node = pop_current_node(parser);
+    } while (node != state->_open_elements.data[1]);
+
+    // Removing & destroying the body node is going to kill any nodes that have
+    // been added to the list of active formatting elements, and so we should
+    // clear it to prevent a use-after-free if the list of active formatting
+    // elements is reconstructed afterwards. This may happen if whitespace
+    // follows the </frameset>.
+    clear_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+
+    // Remove the body node. We may want to factor this out into a generic
+    // helper, but right now this is the only code that needs to do this.
+    GumboVector* children = &parser->_output->root->v.element.children;
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < children->length; ++i) {
+      if (children->data[i] == body_node) {
+        gumbo_vector_remove_at(i, children);
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    destroy_node(body_node);
+
+    // Insert the <frameset>, and switch the insertion mode.
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_FRAMESET);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_EOF) {
+    if (get_current_template_insertion_mode(parser) !=
+        GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_INITIAL) {
+      handle_in_template(parser, token);
+      return;
+    }
+    if (stack_contains_nonclosable_element(parser))
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_BODY)) {
+    if (!has_an_element_in_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_BODY)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    if (stack_contains_nonclosable_element(parser))
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    GumboNode* body = state->_open_elements.data[1];
+    assert(node_html_tag_is(body, GUMBO_TAG_BODY));
+    record_end_of_element(state->_current_token, &body->v.element);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_AFTER_BODY);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_HTML)) {
+    if (!has_an_element_in_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_BODY)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    if (stack_contains_nonclosable_element(parser))
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_AFTER_BODY);
+    parser->_parser_state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(ADDRESS), TAG(ARTICLE), TAG(ASIDE), TAG(BLOCKQUOTE), TAG(CENTER),
+      TAG(DETAILS), TAG(DIALOG), TAG(DIR), TAG(DIV), TAG(DL), TAG(FIELDSET),
+      TAG(FIGCAPTION), TAG(FIGURE), TAG(FOOTER), TAG(HEADER), TAG(HGROUP),
+      TAG(MAIN), TAG(MENU), TAG(NAV), TAG(OL), TAG(P), TAG(SECTION),
+      TAG(SUMMARY), TAG(UL)
+    })
+  ) {
+    maybe_implicitly_close_p_tag(parser, token);
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_in(token, kStartTag, &heading_tags)) {
+    maybe_implicitly_close_p_tag(parser, token);
+    if (node_tag_in_set(get_current_node(parser), &heading_tags)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      pop_current_node(parser);
+    }
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet){TAG(PRE), TAG(LISTING)})) {
+    maybe_implicitly_close_p_tag(parser, token);
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    state->_ignore_next_linefeed = true;
+    set_frameset_not_ok(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_FORM)) {
+    if (
+      state->_form_element != NULL
+      && !has_open_element(parser, GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE)
+    ) {
+      gumbo_debug("Ignoring nested form.\n");
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    maybe_implicitly_close_p_tag(parser, token);
+    GumboNode* form_element = insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    if (!has_open_element(parser, GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE)) {
+      state->_form_element = form_element;
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_LI)) {
+    maybe_implicitly_close_list_tag(parser, token, true);
+    maybe_implicitly_close_p_tag(parser, token);
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_in(token, kStartTag, &dd_dt_tags)) {
+    maybe_implicitly_close_list_tag(parser, token, false);
+    maybe_implicitly_close_p_tag(parser, token);
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_PLAINTEXT)) {
+    maybe_implicitly_close_p_tag(parser, token);
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_PLAINTEXT);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_BUTTON)) {
+    if (has_an_element_in_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_BUTTON)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      // We don't want to use implicitly_close_tags here because it may add an
+      // error and we've already added the only error the standard specifies.
+      generate_implied_end_tags(parser, GUMBO_TAG_LAST, NULL);
+      while (!node_html_tag_is(pop_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_BUTTON))
+        ;
+    }
+    reconstruct_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    set_frameset_not_ok(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kEndTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(ADDRESS), TAG(ARTICLE), TAG(ASIDE), TAG(BLOCKQUOTE), TAG(BUTTON),
+      TAG(CENTER), TAG(DETAILS), TAG(DIALOG), TAG(DIR), TAG(DIV), TAG(DL),
+      TAG(FIELDSET), TAG(FIGCAPTION), TAG(FIGURE), TAG(FOOTER), TAG(HEADER),
+      TAG(HGROUP), TAG(LISTING), TAG(MAIN), TAG(MENU), TAG(NAV), TAG(OL),
+      TAG(PRE), TAG(SECTION), TAG(SUMMARY), TAG(UL)
+    })
+  ) {
+    GumboTag tag = token->v.end_tag.tag;
+    if (!has_an_element_in_scope(parser, tag)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    return implicitly_close_tags (
+      parser,
+      token,
+      GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML,
+      token->v.end_tag.tag
+    );
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_FORM)) {
+    if (has_open_element(parser, GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE)) {
+      if (!has_an_element_in_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_FORM)) {
+        parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+        ignore_token(parser);
+        return;
+      }
+      generate_implied_end_tags(parser, GUMBO_TAG_LAST, NULL);
+      if (!node_html_tag_is(get_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_FORM))
+        parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      while (!node_html_tag_is(pop_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_FORM))
+        ;
+      return;
+    } else {
+      GumboNode* node = state->_form_element;
+      assert(!node || node->type == GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT);
+      state->_form_element = NULL;
+      if (!node || !has_node_in_scope(parser, node)) {
+        gumbo_debug("Closing an unopened form.\n");
+        parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+        ignore_token(parser);
+        return;
+      }
+      // This differs from implicitly_close_tags because we remove *only* the
+      // <form> element; other nodes are left in scope.
+      generate_implied_end_tags(parser, GUMBO_TAG_LAST, NULL);
+      if (get_current_node(parser) != node)
+        parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      else
+        record_end_of_element(token, &node->v.element);
+
+      GumboVector* open_elements = &state->_open_elements;
+      int index = gumbo_vector_index_of(open_elements, node);
+      assert(index >= 0);
+      gumbo_vector_remove_at(index, open_elements);
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_P)) {
+    if (!has_an_element_in_button_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_P)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      // reconstruct_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+      insert_element_of_tag_type (
+        parser,
+        GUMBO_TAG_P,
+        GUMBO_INSERTION_CONVERTED_FROM_END_TAG
+      );
+    }
+    implicitly_close_tags (
+      parser,
+      token,
+      GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML,
+      GUMBO_TAG_P
+    );
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_LI)) {
+    if (!has_an_element_in_list_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_LI)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    implicitly_close_tags (
+      parser,
+      token,
+      GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML,
+      GUMBO_TAG_LI
+    );
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_in(token, kEndTag, &dd_dt_tags)) {
+    GumboTag token_tag = token->v.end_tag.tag;
+    if (!has_an_element_in_scope(parser, token_tag)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    implicitly_close_tags (
+      parser,
+      token,
+      GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML,
+      token_tag
+    );
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_in(token, kEndTag, &heading_tags)) {
+    if (
+      !has_an_element_in_scope_with_tagname(parser, 6, (GumboTag[]) {
+        GUMBO_TAG_H1, GUMBO_TAG_H2, GUMBO_TAG_H3, GUMBO_TAG_H4,
+        GUMBO_TAG_H5, GUMBO_TAG_H6
+      })
+    ) {
+      // No heading open; ignore the token entirely.
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    generate_implied_end_tags(parser, GUMBO_TAG_LAST, NULL);
+    const GumboNode* current_node = get_current_node(parser);
+    if (!node_html_tag_is(current_node, token->v.end_tag.tag)) {
+      // There're children of the heading currently open; close them below and
+      // record a parse error.
+      // TODO(jdtang): Add a way to distinguish this error case from the one
+      // above.
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    }
+    do {
+      current_node = pop_current_node(parser);
+    } while (!node_tag_in_set(current_node, &heading_tags));
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_A)) {
+    int last_a;
+    int has_matching_a = find_last_anchor_index(parser, &last_a);
+    if (has_matching_a) {
+      assert(has_matching_a == 1);
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      (void)adoption_agency_algorithm(parser, token);
+      // The adoption agency algorithm usually removes all instances of <a>
+      // from the list of active formatting elements, but in case it doesn't,
+      // we're supposed to do this. (The conditions where it might not are
+      // listed in the spec.)
+      if (find_last_anchor_index(parser, &last_a)) {
+        void* last_element = gumbo_vector_remove_at (
+          last_a,
+          &state->_active_formatting_elements
+        );
+        gumbo_vector_remove(last_element, &state->_open_elements);
+      }
+    }
+    reconstruct_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+    add_formatting_element(parser, insert_element_from_token(parser, token));
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(B), TAG(BIG), TAG(CODE), TAG(EM), TAG(FONT), TAG(I), TAG(S),
+      TAG(SMALL), TAG(STRIKE), TAG(STRONG), TAG(TT), TAG(U)
+    })
+  ) {
+    reconstruct_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+    add_formatting_element(parser, insert_element_from_token(parser, token));
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_NOBR)) {
+    reconstruct_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+    if (has_an_element_in_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_NOBR)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      adoption_agency_algorithm(parser, token);
+      reconstruct_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+    }
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    add_formatting_element(parser, get_current_node(parser));
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kEndTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(A), TAG(B), TAG(BIG), TAG(CODE), TAG(EM), TAG(FONT), TAG(I),
+      TAG(NOBR), TAG(S), TAG(SMALL), TAG(STRIKE), TAG(STRONG), TAG(TT),
+      TAG(U)
+    })
+  ) {
+    adoption_agency_algorithm(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet){TAG(APPLET), TAG(MARQUEE), TAG(OBJECT)})
+  ) {
+    reconstruct_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    add_formatting_element(parser, &kActiveFormattingScopeMarker);
+    set_frameset_not_ok(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kEndTag, &(const TagSet){TAG(APPLET), TAG(MARQUEE), TAG(OBJECT)})
+  ) {
+    GumboTag token_tag = token->v.end_tag.tag;
+    if (!has_an_element_in_scope(parser, token_tag)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    implicitly_close_tags(parser, token, GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML, token_tag);
+    clear_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_TABLE)) {
+    if (
+      get_document_node(parser)->v.document.doc_type_quirks_mode
+        != GUMBO_DOCTYPE_QUIRKS
+    ) {
+      maybe_implicitly_close_p_tag(parser, token);
+    }
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    set_frameset_not_ok(parser);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_BR)) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    reconstruct_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+    insert_element_of_tag_type (
+      parser,
+      GUMBO_TAG_BR,
+      GUMBO_INSERTION_CONVERTED_FROM_END_TAG
+    );
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+    acknowledge_self_closing_tag(parser);
+    set_frameset_not_ok(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(AREA), TAG(BR), TAG(EMBED), TAG(IMG), TAG(IMAGE), TAG(KEYGEN),
+      TAG(WBR)
+    })
+  ) {
+    bool is_image = tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_IMAGE);
+    if (is_image) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      token->v.start_tag.tag = GUMBO_TAG_IMG;
+    }
+    reconstruct_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+    GumboNode* node = insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    if (is_image)
+      node->parse_flags |= GUMBO_INSERTION_FROM_IMAGE;
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+    acknowledge_self_closing_tag(parser);
+    set_frameset_not_ok(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_INPUT)) {
+    reconstruct_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+    GumboNode *input = insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+    acknowledge_self_closing_tag(parser);
+    if (!attribute_matches(&input->v.element.attributes, "type", "hidden"))
+      set_frameset_not_ok(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet){TAG(PARAM), TAG(SOURCE), TAG(TRACK)})
+  ) {
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+    acknowledge_self_closing_tag(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_HR)) {
+    maybe_implicitly_close_p_tag(parser, token);
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+    acknowledge_self_closing_tag(parser);
+    set_frameset_not_ok(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_TEXTAREA)) {
+    run_generic_parsing_algorithm(parser, token, GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+    parser->_parser_state->_ignore_next_linefeed = true;
+    set_frameset_not_ok(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_XMP)) {
+    maybe_implicitly_close_p_tag(parser, token);
+    reconstruct_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+    set_frameset_not_ok(parser);
+    run_generic_parsing_algorithm(parser, token, GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_IFRAME)) {
+    set_frameset_not_ok(parser);
+    run_generic_parsing_algorithm(parser, token, GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_NOEMBED)) {
+    run_generic_parsing_algorithm(parser, token, GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_SELECT)) {
+    reconstruct_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    set_frameset_not_ok(parser);
+    GumboInsertionMode state = parser->_parser_state->_insertion_mode;
+    if (
+      state == GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE
+      || state == GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_CAPTION
+      || state == GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE_BODY
+      || state == GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_ROW
+      || state == GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_CELL
+    ) {
+      set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_SELECT_IN_TABLE);
+    } else {
+      set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_SELECT);
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet){TAG(OPTGROUP), TAG(OPTION)})
+  ) {
+    if (node_html_tag_is(get_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_OPTION)) {
+      pop_current_node(parser);
+    }
+    reconstruct_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet){TAG(RB), TAG(RTC)})) {
+    if (has_an_element_in_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_RUBY)) {
+      generate_implied_end_tags(parser, GUMBO_TAG_LAST, NULL);
+      if (!node_html_tag_is(get_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_RUBY))
+        parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    }
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet){TAG(RP), TAG(RT)})) {
+    if (has_an_element_in_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_RUBY)) {
+      generate_implied_end_tags(parser, GUMBO_TAG_RTC, NULL);
+      GumboNode* current = get_current_node(parser);
+      if (!node_html_tag_is(current, GUMBO_TAG_RUBY) &&
+          !node_html_tag_is(current, GUMBO_TAG_RTC)) {
+        parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      }
+    }
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_MATH)) {
+    reconstruct_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+    adjust_mathml_attributes(token);
+    adjust_foreign_attributes(token);
+    insert_foreign_element(parser, token, GUMBO_NAMESPACE_MATHML);
+    if (token->v.start_tag.is_self_closing) {
+      pop_current_node(parser);
+      acknowledge_self_closing_tag(parser);
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_SVG)) {
+    reconstruct_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+    adjust_svg_attributes(token);
+    adjust_foreign_attributes(token);
+    insert_foreign_element(parser, token, GUMBO_NAMESPACE_SVG);
+    if (token->v.start_tag.is_self_closing) {
+      pop_current_node(parser);
+      acknowledge_self_closing_tag(parser);
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(CAPTION), TAG(COL), TAG(COLGROUP), TAG(FRAME), TAG(HEAD),
+      TAG(TBODY), TAG(TD), TAG(TFOOT), TAG(TH), TAG(THEAD), TAG(TR)
+    })
+  ) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG) {
+    reconstruct_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  in_body_any_other_end_tag(parser, token);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parsing-main-incdata
+static void handle_text(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  if (
+    token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER
+    || token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE
+  ) {
+    insert_text_token(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  // We provide only bare-bones script handling that doesn't involve any of
+  // the parser-pause/already-started/script-nesting flags or re-entrant
+  // invocations of the tokenizer. Because the intended usage of this library
+  // is mostly for templating, refactoring, and static-analysis libraries, we
+  // provide the script body as a text-node child of the <script> element.
+  // This behavior doesn't support document.write of partial HTML elements,
+  // but should be adequate for almost all other scripting support.
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_EOF) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    parser->_parser_state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+  }
+  pop_current_node(parser);
+  set_insertion_mode(parser, parser->_parser_state->_original_insertion_mode);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parsing-main-intable
+static void handle_in_table(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  GumboParserState* state = parser->_parser_state;
+  if (
+    (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER
+     || token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE
+     || token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_NULL)
+    && node_tag_in_set(get_current_node(parser), &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(TABLE), TAG(TBODY), TAG(TFOOT), TAG(THEAD), TAG(TR)
+    })
+  ) {
+    // The "pending table character tokens" list described in the spec is
+    // nothing more than the TextNodeBufferState. We accumulate text tokens as
+    // normal, except that when we go to flush them in the handle_in_table_text,
+    // we set _foster_parent_insertions if there're non-whitespace characters in
+    // the buffer.
+    assert(state->_text_node._buffer.length == 0);
+    assert(state->_table_character_tokens.length == 0);
+    state->_original_insertion_mode = state->_insertion_mode;
+    state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE_TEXT);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT) {
+    append_comment_node(parser, get_current_node(parser), token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_CAPTION)) {
+    clear_stack_to_table_context(parser);
+    add_formatting_element(parser, &kActiveFormattingScopeMarker);
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_CAPTION);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_COLGROUP)) {
+    clear_stack_to_table_context(parser);
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_COLUMN_GROUP);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_COL)) {
+    clear_stack_to_table_context(parser);
+    insert_element_of_tag_type (
+      parser,
+      GUMBO_TAG_COLGROUP,
+      GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLIED
+    );
+    state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_COLUMN_GROUP);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(TBODY), TAG(TFOOT), TAG(THEAD)
+    })
+  ) {
+    clear_stack_to_table_context(parser);
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE_BODY);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(TD), TAG(TH), TAG(TR)
+    })
+  ) {
+    clear_stack_to_table_context(parser);
+    insert_element_of_tag_type (
+      parser,
+      GUMBO_TAG_TBODY,
+      GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLIED
+    );
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE_BODY);
+    state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_TABLE)) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    if (close_table(parser)) {
+      state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+    } else {
+      ignore_token(parser);
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_TABLE)) {
+    if (!close_table(parser)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      return;
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kEndTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(BODY), TAG(CAPTION), TAG(COL), TAG(COLGROUP), TAG(HTML),
+      TAG(TBODY), TAG(TD), TAG(TFOOT), TAG(TH), TAG(THEAD), TAG(TR)
+    })
+  ) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet){TAG(STYLE), TAG(SCRIPT), TAG(TEMPLATE)})
+    || (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE))
+  ) {
+    handle_in_head(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_INPUT)
+    && attribute_matches(&token->v.start_tag.attributes, "type", "hidden")
+  ) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+    acknowledge_self_closing_tag(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_FORM)) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    if (state->_form_element || has_open_element(parser, GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE)) {
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    state->_form_element = insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_EOF) {
+    handle_in_body(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  // foster-parenting-start-tag or foster-parenting-end-tag error
+  parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+  state->_foster_parent_insertions = true;
+  handle_in_body(parser, token);
+  state->_foster_parent_insertions = false;
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parsing-main-intabletext
+static void handle_in_table_text(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_NULL) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  GumboParserState* state = parser->_parser_state;
+  // Non-whitespace tokens will cause parse errors later.
+  // It's not entirely clear from the spec how this is supposed to work.
+  // https://github.com/whatwg/html/issues/4046
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE
+      || token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER) {
+    insert_text_token(parser, token);
+    gumbo_character_token_buffer_append(token, &state->_table_character_tokens);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  GumboCharacterTokenBuffer* buffer = &state->_table_character_tokens;
+  if (state->_text_node._type != GUMBO_NODE_WHITESPACE) {
+    // Each character in buffer is an error. Unfortunately, that means we need
+    // to emit a bunch of errors at the appropriate locations.
+    for (size_t i = 0, n = buffer->length; i < n; ++i) {
+      GumboToken tok;
+      gumbo_character_token_buffer_get(buffer, i, &tok);
+      // foster-parenting-character error
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, &tok);
+    }
+    state->_foster_parent_insertions = true;
+    set_frameset_not_ok(parser);
+    reconstruct_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+  }
+  maybe_flush_text_node_buffer(parser);
+  gumbo_character_token_buffer_clear(buffer);
+  state->_foster_parent_insertions = false;
+  state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+  state->_insertion_mode = state->_original_insertion_mode;
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parsing-main-incaption
+static void handle_in_caption(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_CAPTION)) {
+    if (!has_an_element_in_table_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_CAPTION)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    generate_implied_end_tags(parser, GUMBO_TAG_LAST, NULL);
+    if (!node_html_tag_is(get_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_CAPTION))
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    while (!node_html_tag_is(pop_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_CAPTION))
+      ;
+    clear_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(CAPTION), TAG(COL), TAG(COLGROUP), TAG(TBODY), TAG(TD),
+      TAG(TFOOT), TAG(TH), TAG(THEAD), TAG(TR)
+    })
+    || (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_TABLE))
+  ) {
+    if (!has_an_element_in_table_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_CAPTION)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    generate_implied_end_tags(parser, GUMBO_TAG_LAST, NULL);
+    if (!node_html_tag_is(get_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_CAPTION))
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    while (!node_html_tag_is(pop_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_CAPTION))
+      ;
+    clear_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE);
+    parser->_parser_state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kEndTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(BODY), TAG(COL), TAG(COLGROUP), TAG(HTML), TAG(TBODY), TAG(TD),
+      TAG(TFOOT), TAG(TH), TAG(THEAD), TAG(TR)
+    })
+  ) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  handle_in_body(parser, token);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parsing-main-incolgroup
+static void handle_in_column_group(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE) {
+    insert_text_token(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT) {
+    append_comment_node(parser, get_current_node(parser), token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_HTML)) {
+    handle_in_body(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_COL)) {
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+    acknowledge_self_closing_tag(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_COLGROUP)) {
+    if (!node_html_tag_is(get_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_COLGROUP)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_COL)) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE)
+    || tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE)
+  ) {
+    handle_in_head(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_EOF) {
+    handle_in_body(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (!node_html_tag_is(get_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_COLGROUP)) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  pop_current_node(parser);
+  set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE);
+  parser->_parser_state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parsing-main-intbody
+static void handle_in_table_body(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_TR)) {
+    clear_stack_to_table_body_context(parser);
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_ROW);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_in(token, kStartTag, &td_th_tags)) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    clear_stack_to_table_body_context(parser);
+    insert_element_of_tag_type(parser, GUMBO_TAG_TR, GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLIED);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_ROW);
+    parser->_parser_state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kEndTag, &(const TagSet){TAG(TBODY), TAG(TFOOT), TAG(THEAD)})
+  ) {
+    if (!has_an_element_in_table_scope(parser, token->v.end_tag.tag)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    clear_stack_to_table_body_context(parser);
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(CAPTION), TAG(COL), TAG(COLGROUP), TAG(TBODY), TAG(TFOOT),
+      TAG(THEAD)
+    })
+    || tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_TABLE)
+  ) {
+    if (
+      !(
+        has_an_element_in_table_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_TBODY)
+        || has_an_element_in_table_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_THEAD)
+        || has_an_element_in_table_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_TFOOT)
+      )
+    ) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    clear_stack_to_table_body_context(parser);
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE);
+    parser->_parser_state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kEndTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(BODY), TAG(CAPTION), TAG(COL), TAG(COLGROUP), TAG(HTML), TAG(TD),
+      TAG(TH), TAG(TR)
+    })
+  ) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  handle_in_table(parser, token);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parsing-main-intr
+static void handle_in_row(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  if (tag_in(token, kStartTag, &td_th_tags)) {
+    clear_stack_to_table_row_context(parser);
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_CELL);
+    add_formatting_element(parser, &kActiveFormattingScopeMarker);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_TR)) {
+    if (!has_an_element_in_table_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_TR)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    clear_stack_to_table_row_context(parser);
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE_BODY);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(CAPTION), TAG(COL), TAG(COLGROUP), TAG(TBODY), TAG(TFOOT),
+      TAG(THEAD), TAG(TR)
+    })
+    || tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_TABLE)
+  ) {
+    if (!has_an_element_in_table_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_TR)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    clear_stack_to_table_row_context(parser);
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE_BODY);
+    parser->_parser_state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kEndTag, &(const TagSet) {TAG(TBODY), TAG(TFOOT), TAG(THEAD)})
+  ) {
+    if (!has_an_element_in_table_scope(parser, token->v.end_tag.tag)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    if (!has_an_element_in_table_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_TR)) {
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    clear_stack_to_table_row_context(parser);
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE_BODY);
+    parser->_parser_state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kEndTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(BODY), TAG(CAPTION), TAG(COL), TAG(COLGROUP), TAG(HTML),
+      TAG(TD), TAG(TH)
+    })
+  ) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  handle_in_table(parser, token);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parsing-main-intd
+static void handle_in_cell(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  if (tag_in(token, kEndTag, &td_th_tags)) {
+    GumboTag token_tag = token->v.end_tag.tag;
+    if (!has_an_element_in_table_scope(parser, token_tag)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    close_table_cell(parser, token, token_tag);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(CAPTION), TAG(COL), TAG(COLGROUP), TAG(TBODY), TAG(TD),
+      TAG(TFOOT), TAG(TH), TAG(THEAD), TAG(TR)
+    })
+  ) {
+    gumbo_debug("Handling <td> in cell.\n");
+    if (
+      !has_an_element_in_table_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_TH)
+      && !has_an_element_in_table_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_TD)
+    ) {
+      gumbo_debug("Bailing out because there's no <td> or <th> in scope.\n");
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    parser->_parser_state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+    close_current_cell(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kEndTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(BODY), TAG(CAPTION), TAG(COL), TAG(COLGROUP), TAG(HTML)
+    })
+  ) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kEndTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(TABLE), TAG(TBODY), TAG(TFOOT), TAG(THEAD), TAG(TR)
+    })
+  ) {
+    if (!has_an_element_in_table_scope(parser, token->v.end_tag.tag)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    parser->_parser_state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+    close_current_cell(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  handle_in_body(parser, token);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parsing-main-inselect
+static void handle_in_select(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_NULL) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER
+    || token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE
+  ) {
+    insert_text_token(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT) {
+    append_comment_node(parser, get_current_node(parser), token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_HTML)) {
+    handle_in_body(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_OPTION)) {
+    if (node_html_tag_is(get_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_OPTION)) {
+      pop_current_node(parser);
+    }
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_OPTGROUP)) {
+    if (node_html_tag_is(get_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_OPTION)) {
+      pop_current_node(parser);
+    }
+    if (node_html_tag_is(get_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_OPTGROUP)) {
+      pop_current_node(parser);
+    }
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_OPTGROUP)) {
+    GumboVector* open_elements = &parser->_parser_state->_open_elements;
+    if (
+      node_html_tag_is(get_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_OPTION)
+      && node_html_tag_is (
+        open_elements->data[open_elements->length - 2],
+        GUMBO_TAG_OPTGROUP
+      )
+    ) {
+      pop_current_node(parser);
+    }
+    if (node_html_tag_is(get_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_OPTGROUP)) {
+      pop_current_node(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_OPTION)) {
+    if (node_html_tag_is(get_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_OPTION)) {
+      pop_current_node(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_SELECT)) {
+    if (!has_an_element_in_select_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_SELECT)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    close_current_select(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_SELECT)) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    if (has_an_element_in_select_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_SELECT)) {
+      close_current_select(parser);
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet) {TAG(INPUT), TAG(KEYGEN), TAG(TEXTAREA)})
+  ) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    if (!has_an_element_in_select_scope(parser, GUMBO_TAG_SELECT)) {
+      ignore_token(parser);
+    } else {
+      close_current_select(parser);
+      parser->_parser_state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet){TAG(SCRIPT), TAG(TEMPLATE)})
+    || tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE)
+  ) {
+    handle_in_head(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_EOF) {
+    handle_in_body(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+  ignore_token(parser);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parsing-main-inselectintable
+static void handle_in_select_in_table(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  static const TagSet tags = {
+    TAG(CAPTION), TAG(TABLE), TAG(TBODY), TAG(TFOOT), TAG(THEAD),
+    TAG(TR), TAG(TD), TAG(TH)
+  };
+  if (tag_in(token, kStartTag, &tags)) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    close_current_select(parser);
+    parser->_parser_state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_in(token, kEndTag, &tags)) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    if (!has_an_element_in_table_scope(parser, token->v.end_tag.tag)) {
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    close_current_select(parser);
+    parser->_parser_state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+    return;
+  }
+  handle_in_select(parser, token);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parsing-main-intemplate
+static void handle_in_template(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  GumboParserState* state = parser->_parser_state;
+  switch (token->type) {
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE:
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER:
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT:
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_NULL:
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE:
+      handle_in_body(parser, token);
+      return;
+    default:
+      break;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(BASE), TAG(BASEFONT), TAG(BGSOUND), TAG(LINK), TAG(META),
+      TAG(NOFRAMES), TAG(SCRIPT), TAG(STYLE), TAG(TEMPLATE), TAG(TITLE)
+    })
+    || tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE)
+  ) {
+    handle_in_head(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(CAPTION), TAG(COLGROUP), TAG(TBODY), TAG(TFOOT), TAG(THEAD)
+    })
+  ) {
+    pop_template_insertion_mode(parser);
+    push_template_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE);
+    state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_COL)) {
+    pop_template_insertion_mode(parser);
+    push_template_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_COLUMN_GROUP);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_COLUMN_GROUP);
+    state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_TR)) {
+    pop_template_insertion_mode(parser);
+    push_template_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE_BODY);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TABLE_BODY);
+    state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_in(token, kStartTag, &td_th_tags)) {
+    pop_template_insertion_mode(parser);
+    push_template_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_ROW);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_ROW);
+    state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG) {
+    pop_template_insertion_mode(parser);
+    push_template_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_BODY);
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_BODY);
+    state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_END_TAG) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_EOF) {
+    if (!has_open_element(parser, GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE)) {
+      // Stop parsing.
+      return;
+    }
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    while (!node_html_tag_is(pop_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE))
+      ;
+    clear_active_formatting_elements(parser);
+    pop_template_insertion_mode(parser);
+    reset_insertion_mode_appropriately(parser);
+    state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+    return;
+  }
+  assert(0 && "unreachable");
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parsing-main-afterbody
+static void handle_after_body(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  if (
+    token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE
+    || tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_HTML)
+  ) {
+    handle_in_body(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT) {
+    GumboNode* html_node = parser->_output->root;
+    assert(html_node != NULL);
+    append_comment_node(parser, html_node, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_HTML)) {
+    handle_in_body(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_HTML)) {
+    /* fragment case: ignore the closing HTML token */
+    if (is_fragment_parser(parser)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_AFTER_AFTER_BODY);
+    GumboNode* html = parser->_parser_state->_open_elements.data[0];
+    assert(node_html_tag_is(html, GUMBO_TAG_HTML));
+    record_end_of_element (
+      parser->_parser_state->_current_token,
+      &html->v.element
+    );
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_EOF) {
+    return;
+  }
+  parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+  set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_BODY);
+  parser->_parser_state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parsing-main-inframeset
+static void handle_in_frameset(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE) {
+    insert_text_token(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT) {
+    append_comment_node(parser, get_current_node(parser), token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_HTML)) {
+    handle_in_body(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_FRAMESET)) {
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_FRAMESET)) {
+    if (node_html_tag_is(get_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_HTML)) {
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    }
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+    if (
+      !is_fragment_parser(parser)
+      && !node_html_tag_is(get_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_FRAMESET)
+    ) {
+      set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_AFTER_FRAMESET);
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_FRAME)) {
+    insert_element_from_token(parser, token);
+    pop_current_node(parser);
+    acknowledge_self_closing_tag(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_NOFRAMES)) {
+    handle_in_head(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_EOF) {
+    if (!node_html_tag_is(get_current_node(parser), GUMBO_TAG_HTML))
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+  ignore_token(parser);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parsing-main-afterframeset
+static void handle_after_frameset(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE) {
+    insert_text_token(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT) {
+    append_comment_node(parser, get_current_node(parser), token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE) {
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_HTML)) {
+    handle_in_body(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_HTML)) {
+    GumboNode* html = parser->_parser_state->_open_elements.data[0];
+    assert(node_html_tag_is(html, GUMBO_TAG_HTML));
+    record_end_of_element (
+      parser->_parser_state->_current_token,
+      &html->v.element
+    );
+    set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_AFTER_AFTER_FRAMESET);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_NOFRAMES)) {
+    return handle_in_head(parser, token);
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_EOF) {
+    return;
+  }
+  parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+  ignore_token(parser);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#the-after-after-body-insertion-mode
+static void handle_after_after_body(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT) {
+    append_comment_node(parser, get_document_node(parser), token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE
+    || token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE
+    || tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_HTML)
+  ) {
+    handle_in_body(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_EOF) {
+    return;
+  }
+  parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+  set_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_BODY);
+  parser->_parser_state->_reprocess_current_token = true;
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#the-after-after-frameset-insertion-mode
+static void handle_after_after_frameset (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboToken* token
+) {
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT) {
+    append_comment_node(parser, get_document_node(parser), token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE
+    || token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE
+    || tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_HTML)
+  ) {
+    handle_in_body(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_EOF) {
+    return;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_NOFRAMES)) {
+    handle_in_head(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+  parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+  ignore_token(parser);
+}
+
+// Function pointers for each insertion mode.
+// Keep in sync with insertion_mode.h.
+typedef void (*TokenHandler)(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token);
+static const TokenHandler kTokenHandlers[] = {
+  handle_initial,
+  handle_before_html,
+  handle_before_head,
+  handle_in_head,
+  handle_in_head_noscript,
+  handle_after_head,
+  handle_in_body,
+  handle_text,
+  handle_in_table,
+  handle_in_table_text,
+  handle_in_caption,
+  handle_in_column_group,
+  handle_in_table_body,
+  handle_in_row,
+  handle_in_cell,
+  handle_in_select,
+  handle_in_select_in_table,
+  handle_in_template,
+  handle_after_body,
+  handle_in_frameset,
+  handle_after_frameset,
+  handle_after_after_body,
+  handle_after_after_frameset
+};
+
+static void handle_html_content(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  const GumboInsertionMode mode = parser->_parser_state->_insertion_mode;
+  const TokenHandler handler = kTokenHandlers[mode];
+  handler(parser, token);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parsing-main-inforeign
+static void handle_in_foreign_content(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  gumbo_debug("Handling foreign content");
+  switch (token->type) {
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_NULL:
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      token->v.character = kUtf8ReplacementChar;
+      insert_text_token(parser, token);
+      return;
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE:
+      insert_text_token(parser, token);
+      return;
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_CDATA:
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER:
+      insert_text_token(parser, token);
+      set_frameset_not_ok(parser);
+      return;
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT:
+      append_comment_node(parser, get_current_node(parser), token);
+      return;
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE:
+      parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+      ignore_token(parser);
+      return;
+    default:
+      // Fall through to the if-statements below.
+      break;
+  }
+  // Order matters for these clauses.
+  if (
+    tag_in(token, kStartTag, &(const TagSet) {
+      TAG(B), TAG(BIG), TAG(BLOCKQUOTE), TAG(BODY), TAG(BR), TAG(CENTER),
+      TAG(CODE), TAG(DD), TAG(DIV), TAG(DL), TAG(DT), TAG(EM), TAG(EMBED),
+      TAG(H1), TAG(H2), TAG(H3), TAG(H4), TAG(H5), TAG(H6), TAG(HEAD),
+      TAG(HR), TAG(I), TAG(IMG), TAG(LI), TAG(LISTING), TAG(MENU), TAG(META),
+      TAG(NOBR), TAG(OL), TAG(P), TAG(PRE), TAG(RUBY), TAG(S), TAG(SMALL),
+      TAG(SPAN), TAG(STRONG), TAG(STRIKE), TAG(SUB), TAG(SUP), TAG(TABLE),
+      TAG(TT), TAG(U), TAG(UL), TAG(VAR)
+    })
+    || (
+      tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_FONT)
+      && (
+        token_has_attribute(token, "color")
+        || token_has_attribute(token, "face")
+        || token_has_attribute(token, "size")
+      )
+    )
+    || tag_in(token, kEndTag, &(const TagSet) { TAG(BR), TAG(P) })
+  ) {
+    /* Parse error */
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+
+    while (
+      !(
+        is_mathml_integration_point(get_current_node(parser))
+        || is_html_integration_point(get_current_node(parser))
+        || get_current_node(parser)->v.element.tag_namespace == GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML
+      )
+    ) {
+      pop_current_node(parser);
+    }
+    handle_html_content(parser, token);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG) {
+    const GumboNamespaceEnum current_namespace =
+        get_adjusted_current_node(parser)->v.element.tag_namespace;
+    if (current_namespace == GUMBO_NAMESPACE_MATHML) {
+      adjust_mathml_attributes(token);
+    }
+    if (current_namespace == GUMBO_NAMESPACE_SVG) {
+      adjust_svg_tag(token);
+      adjust_svg_attributes(token);
+    }
+    adjust_foreign_attributes(token);
+    insert_foreign_element(parser, token, current_namespace);
+    if (token->v.start_tag.is_self_closing) {
+      pop_current_node(parser);
+      acknowledge_self_closing_tag(parser);
+    }
+    return;
+    // </script> tags are handled like any other end tag, putting the script's
+    // text into a text node child and closing the current node.
+  }
+  assert(token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_END_TAG);
+  GumboNode* node = get_current_node(parser);
+  GumboTag tag = token->v.end_tag.tag;
+  const char* name = token->v.end_tag.name;
+  assert(node != NULL);
+
+  if (!node_tagname_is(node, tag, name))
+    parser_add_parse_error(parser, token);
+  int i = parser->_parser_state->_open_elements.length;
+  for (--i; i > 0;) {
+    // Here we move up the stack until we find an HTML element (in which
+    // case we do nothing) or we find the element that we're about to
+    // close (in which case we pop everything we've seen until that
+    // point.)
+    gumbo_debug("Foreign %s node at %d.\n", node->v.element.name, i);
+    if (node_tagname_is(node, tag, name)) {
+      gumbo_debug("Matches.\n");
+      while (node != pop_current_node(parser)) {
+        // Pop all the nodes below the current one. Node is guaranteed to
+        // be an element on the stack of open elements (set below), so
+        // this loop is guaranteed to terminate.
+      }
+      return;
+    }
+    --i;
+    node = parser->_parser_state->_open_elements.data[i];
+    if (node->v.element.tag_namespace == GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML) {
+      // The loop continues only in foreign namespaces.
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  assert(node->v.element.tag_namespace == GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML);
+  if (i == 0)
+    return;
+  // We can't call handle_token directly because the current node is still in
+  // a foriegn namespace, so it would re-enter this and result in infinite
+  // recursion.
+  handle_html_content(parser, token);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#tree-construction
+static void handle_token(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  if (
+    parser->_parser_state->_ignore_next_linefeed
+    && token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE && token->v.character == '\n'
+  ) {
+    parser->_parser_state->_ignore_next_linefeed = false;
+    ignore_token(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+  // This needs to be reset both here and in the conditional above to catch both
+  // the case where the next token is not whitespace (so we don't ignore
+  // whitespace in the middle of <pre> tags) and where there are multiple
+  // whitespace tokens (so we don't ignore the second one).
+  parser->_parser_state->_ignore_next_linefeed = false;
+
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_BODY)) {
+    parser->_parser_state->_closed_body_tag = true;
+  }
+  if (tag_is(token, kEndTag, GUMBO_TAG_HTML)) {
+    parser->_parser_state->_closed_html_tag = true;
+  }
+
+  const GumboNode* current_node = get_adjusted_current_node(parser);
+  assert (
+    !current_node
+    || current_node->type == GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT
+    || current_node->type == GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE
+  );
+  if (current_node)
+    gumbo_debug("Current node: <%s>.\n", current_node->v.element.name);
+  if (!current_node ||
+      current_node->v.element.tag_namespace == GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML ||
+      (is_mathml_integration_point(current_node) &&
+          (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER ||
+              token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE ||
+              token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_NULL ||
+              (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG &&
+                  !tag_in(token, kStartTag,
+                      &(const TagSet){TAG(MGLYPH), TAG(MALIGNMARK)})))) ||
+      (current_node->v.element.tag_namespace == GUMBO_NAMESPACE_MATHML &&
+          node_qualified_tag_is(
+              current_node, GUMBO_NAMESPACE_MATHML, GUMBO_TAG_ANNOTATION_XML) &&
+          tag_is(token, kStartTag, GUMBO_TAG_SVG)) ||
+      (is_html_integration_point(current_node) &&
+          (token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG ||
+              token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER ||
+              token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_NULL ||
+              token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE)) ||
+      token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_EOF) {
+    handle_html_content(parser, token);
+  } else {
+    handle_in_foreign_content(parser, token);
+  }
+}
+
+static GumboNode* create_fragment_ctx_element (
+  const char* tag_name,
+  GumboNamespaceEnum ns,
+  const char* encoding
+) {
+  assert(tag_name);
+  GumboTag tag = gumbo_tagn_enum(tag_name, strlen(tag_name));
+  GumboNodeType type =
+    ns == GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML && tag == GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE
+    ? GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE : GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT;
+  GumboNode* node = create_node(type);
+  GumboElement* element = &node->v.element;
+  element->children = kGumboEmptyVector;
+  if (encoding) {
+    gumbo_vector_init(1, &element->attributes);
+    GumboAttribute* attr = gumbo_alloc(sizeof(GumboAttribute));
+    attr->attr_namespace = GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_NONE;
+    attr->name = "encoding"; // Do not free this!
+    attr->original_name = kGumboEmptyString;
+    attr->value = encoding; // Do not free this!
+    attr->original_value = kGumboEmptyString;
+    attr->name_start = kGumboEmptySourcePosition;
+    gumbo_vector_add(attr, &element->attributes);
+  } else {
+    element->attributes = kGumboEmptyVector;
+  }
+  element->tag = tag;
+  element->tag_namespace = ns;
+  element->name = tag_name; // Do not free this!
+  element->original_tag = kGumboEmptyString;
+  element->original_end_tag = kGumboEmptyString;
+  element->start_pos = kGumboEmptySourcePosition;
+  element->end_pos = kGumboEmptySourcePosition;
+  return node;
+}
+
+static void destroy_fragment_ctx_element(GumboNode* ctx) {
+  assert(ctx->type == GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT || ctx->type == GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE);
+  GumboElement* element = &ctx->v.element;
+  element->name = NULL; // Do not free.
+  if (element->attributes.length > 0) {
+    assert(element->attributes.length == 1);
+    GumboAttribute* attr = gumbo_vector_pop(&element->attributes);
+    // Do not free attr->name or attr->value, just free the attr.
+    gumbo_free(attr);
+  }
+  destroy_node(ctx);
+}
+
+static void fragment_parser_init (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  const GumboOptions* options
+) {
+  assert(options->fragment_context != NULL);
+  const char* fragment_ctx = options->fragment_context;
+  GumboNamespaceEnum fragment_namespace = options->fragment_namespace;
+  const char* fragment_encoding = options->fragment_encoding;
+  GumboQuirksModeEnum quirks = options->quirks_mode;
+  bool ctx_has_form_ancestor = options->fragment_context_has_form_ancestor;
+
+  GumboNode* root;
+  // 2.
+  get_document_node(parser)->v.document.doc_type_quirks_mode = quirks;
+
+  // 3.
+  parser->_parser_state->_fragment_ctx =
+    create_fragment_ctx_element(fragment_ctx, fragment_namespace, fragment_encoding);
+  GumboTag ctx_tag = parser->_parser_state->_fragment_ctx->v.element.tag;
+
+  // 4.
+  if (fragment_namespace == GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML) {
+    // Non-HTML namespaces always start in the DATA state.
+    switch (ctx_tag) {
+      case GUMBO_TAG_TITLE:
+      case GUMBO_TAG_TEXTAREA:
+        gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+        break;
+
+      case GUMBO_TAG_STYLE:
+      case GUMBO_TAG_XMP:
+      case GUMBO_TAG_IFRAME:
+      case GUMBO_TAG_NOEMBED:
+      case GUMBO_TAG_NOFRAMES:
+        gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+        break;
+
+      case GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT:
+        gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+        break;
+
+      case GUMBO_TAG_NOSCRIPT:
+        /* scripting is disabled in Gumbo, so leave the tokenizer
+         * in the default data state */
+        break;
+
+      case GUMBO_TAG_PLAINTEXT:
+        gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_PLAINTEXT);
+        break;
+
+      default:
+        /* default data state */
+        break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // 5. 6. 7.
+  root = insert_element_of_tag_type (
+    parser,
+    GUMBO_TAG_HTML,
+    GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLIED
+  );
+  parser->_output->root = root;
+
+  // 8.
+  if (ctx_tag == GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE) {
+    push_template_insertion_mode(parser, GUMBO_INSERTION_MODE_IN_TEMPLATE);
+  }
+
+  // 10.
+  reset_insertion_mode_appropriately(parser);
+
+  // 11.
+  if (ctx_has_form_ancestor
+      || (ctx_tag == GUMBO_TAG_FORM
+          && fragment_namespace == GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML)) {
+    static const GumboNode form_ancestor = {
+      .type = GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT,
+      .parent = NULL,
+      .index_within_parent = -1,
+      .parse_flags = GUMBO_INSERTION_BY_PARSER,
+      .v.element = {
+        .children = GUMBO_EMPTY_VECTOR_INIT,
+        .tag = GUMBO_TAG_FORM,
+        .name = NULL,
+        .tag_namespace = GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML,
+        .original_tag = GUMBO_EMPTY_STRING_INIT,
+        .original_end_tag = GUMBO_EMPTY_STRING_INIT,
+        .start_pos = GUMBO_EMPTY_SOURCE_POSITION_INIT,
+        .end_pos = GUMBO_EMPTY_SOURCE_POSITION_INIT,
+        .attributes = GUMBO_EMPTY_VECTOR_INIT,
+      },
+    };
+    // This cast is okay because _form_element is only modified if it is
+    // in in the list of open elements. This will never be.
+    parser->_parser_state->_form_element = (GumboNode *)&form_ancestor;
+  }
+}
+
+GumboOutput* gumbo_parse(const char* buffer) {
+  return gumbo_parse_with_options (
+    &kGumboDefaultOptions,
+    buffer,
+    strlen(buffer)
+  );
+}
+
+GumboOutput* gumbo_parse_with_options (
+  const GumboOptions* options,
+  const char* buffer,
+  size_t length
+) {
+  GumboParser parser;
+  parser._options = options;
+  output_init(&parser);
+  gumbo_tokenizer_state_init(&parser, buffer, length);
+  parser_state_init(&parser);
+
+  if (options->fragment_context != NULL)
+    fragment_parser_init(&parser, options);
+
+  GumboParserState* state = parser._parser_state;
+  gumbo_debug (
+    "Parsing %.*s.\n",
+    (int) length,
+    buffer
+  );
+
+  // Sanity check so that infinite loops die with an assertion failure instead
+  // of hanging the process before we ever get an error.
+  uint_fast32_t loop_count = 0;
+
+  const unsigned int max_tree_depth = options->max_tree_depth;
+  GumboToken token;
+
+  do {
+    if (state->_reprocess_current_token) {
+      state->_reprocess_current_token = false;
+    } else {
+      GumboNode* adjusted_current_node = get_adjusted_current_node(&parser);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_is_adjusted_current_node_foreign (
+        &parser,
+        adjusted_current_node &&
+          adjusted_current_node->v.element.tag_namespace != GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML
+      );
+      gumbo_lex(&parser, &token);
+    }
+
+    const char* token_type = "text";
+    switch (token.type) {
+      case GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE:
+        token_type = "doctype";
+        break;
+      case GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG:
+        if (token.v.start_tag.tag == GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN)
+          token_type = token.v.start_tag.name;
+        else
+          token_type = gumbo_normalized_tagname(token.v.start_tag.tag);
+        break;
+      case GUMBO_TOKEN_END_TAG:
+        token_type = gumbo_normalized_tagname(token.v.end_tag.tag);
+        break;
+      case GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT:
+        token_type = "comment";
+        break;
+      default:
+        break;
+    }
+    gumbo_debug (
+      "Handling %s token @%lu:%lu in state %u.\n",
+      (char*) token_type,
+      (unsigned long)token.position.line,
+      (unsigned long)token.position.column,
+      state->_insertion_mode
+    );
+
+    state->_current_token = &token;
+    state->_self_closing_flag_acknowledged = false;
+
+    handle_token(&parser, &token);
+
+    // Check for memory leaks when ownership is transferred from start tag
+    // tokens to nodes.
+    assert (
+      state->_reprocess_current_token
+      || token.type != GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG
+      || (token.v.start_tag.attributes.data == NULL
+          && token.v.start_tag.name == NULL)
+    );
+
+    if (!state->_reprocess_current_token) {
+      // If we're done with the token, check for unacknowledged self-closing
+      // flags on start tags.
+      if (token.type == GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG &&
+          token.v.start_tag.is_self_closing &&
+          !state->_self_closing_flag_acknowledged) {
+        GumboError* error = gumbo_add_error(&parser);
+        if (error) {
+          // This is essentially a tokenizer error that's only caught during
+          // tree construction.
+          error->type = GUMBO_ERR_NON_VOID_HTML_ELEMENT_START_TAG_WITH_TRAILING_SOLIDUS;
+          error->original_text = token.original_text;
+          error->position = token.position;
+        }
+      }
+      // Make sure we free the end tag's name since it doesn't get transferred
+      // to a token.
+      if (token.type == GUMBO_TOKEN_END_TAG &&
+          token.v.end_tag.tag == GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN)
+        gumbo_free(token.v.end_tag.name);
+    }
+
+    if (unlikely(state->_open_elements.length > max_tree_depth)) {
+      parser._output->status = GUMBO_STATUS_TREE_TOO_DEEP;
+      gumbo_debug("Tree depth limit exceeded.\n");
+      break;
+    }
+
+    ++loop_count;
+    assert(loop_count < 1000000000UL);
+
+  } while (
+    (token.type != GUMBO_TOKEN_EOF || state->_reprocess_current_token)
+    && !(options->stop_on_first_error && parser._output->document_error)
+  );
+
+  finish_parsing(&parser);
+  // For API uniformity reasons, if the doctype still has nulls, convert them to
+  // empty strings.
+  GumboDocument* doc_type = &parser._output->document->v.document;
+  if (doc_type->name == NULL) {
+    doc_type->name = gumbo_strdup("");
+  }
+  if (doc_type->public_identifier == NULL) {
+    doc_type->public_identifier = gumbo_strdup("");
+  }
+  if (doc_type->system_identifier == NULL) {
+    doc_type->system_identifier = gumbo_strdup("");
+  }
+
+  parser_state_destroy(&parser);
+  gumbo_tokenizer_state_destroy(&parser);
+  return parser._output;
+}
+
+const char* gumbo_status_to_string(GumboOutputStatus status) {
+  switch (status) {
+    case GUMBO_STATUS_OK:
+      return "OK";
+    case GUMBO_STATUS_OUT_OF_MEMORY:
+      return "System allocator returned NULL during parsing";
+    case GUMBO_STATUS_TOO_MANY_ATTRIBUTES:
+      return "Attributes per element limit exceeded";
+    case GUMBO_STATUS_TREE_TOO_DEEP:
+      return "Document tree depth limit exceeded";
+    default:
+      return "Unknown GumboOutputStatus value";
+  }
+}
+
+void gumbo_destroy_node(GumboNode* node) {
+  destroy_node(node);
+}
+
+void gumbo_destroy_output(GumboOutput* output) {
+  destroy_node(output->document);
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < output->errors.length; ++i) {
+    gumbo_error_destroy(output->errors.data[i]);
+  }
+  gumbo_vector_destroy(&output->errors);
+  gumbo_free(output);
+}
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/parser.h b/gumbo-parser/src/parser.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..740559f7cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/parser.h
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#ifndef GUMBO_PARSER_H_
+#define GUMBO_PARSER_H_
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+// Contains the definition of the top-level GumboParser structure that's
+// threaded through basically every internal function in the library.
+
+struct GumboInternalParserState;
+struct GumboInternalOutput;
+struct GumboInternalOptions;
+struct GumboInternalTokenizerState;
+
+// An overarching struct that's threaded through (nearly) all functions in the
+// library, OOP-style. This gives each function access to the options and
+// output, along with any internal state needed for the parse.
+typedef struct GumboInternalParser {
+  // Settings for this parse run.
+  const struct GumboInternalOptions* _options;
+
+  // Output for the parse.
+  struct GumboInternalOutput* _output;
+
+  // The internal tokenizer state, defined as a pointer to avoid a cyclic
+  // dependency on html5tokenizer.h. The main parse routine is responsible for
+  // initializing this on parse start, and destroying it on parse end.
+  // End-users will never see a non-garbage value in this pointer.
+  struct GumboInternalTokenizerState* _tokenizer_state;
+
+  // The internal parser state. Initialized on parse start and destroyed on
+  // parse end; end-users will never see a non-garbage value in this pointer.
+  struct GumboInternalParserState* _parser_state;
+} GumboParser;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif  // GUMBO_PARSER_H_
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/replacement.h b/gumbo-parser/src/replacement.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..327264d4c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/replacement.h
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#ifndef GUMBO_REPLACEMENT_H_
+#define GUMBO_REPLACEMENT_H_
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include "gumbo.h"
+
+typedef struct {
+  const char *const from;
+  const char *const to;
+} StringReplacement;
+
+const StringReplacement *gumbo_get_svg_tag_replacement (
+  const char* str,
+  size_t len
+);
+
+const StringReplacement *gumbo_get_svg_attr_replacement (
+  const char* str,
+  size_t len
+);
+
+typedef struct {
+  const char *const from;
+  const char *const local_name;
+  const GumboAttributeNamespaceEnum attr_namespace;
+} ForeignAttrReplacement;
+
+const ForeignAttrReplacement *gumbo_get_foreign_attr_replacement (
+  const char* str,
+  size_t len
+);
+
+#endif // GUMBO_REPLACEMENT_H_
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/string_buffer.c b/gumbo-parser/src/string_buffer.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..44852b7894
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/string_buffer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+ Copyright 2010 Google Inc.
+
+ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+#include <string.h>
+#include "string_buffer.h"
+#include "util.h"
+
+// Size chosen via statistical analysis of ~60K websites.
+// 99% of text nodes and 98% of attribute names/values fit in this initial size.
+static const size_t kDefaultStringBufferSize = 5;
+
+static void maybe_resize_string_buffer (
+  size_t additional_chars,
+  GumboStringBuffer* buffer
+) {
+  size_t new_length = buffer->length + additional_chars;
+  size_t new_capacity = buffer->capacity;
+  while (new_capacity < new_length) {
+    new_capacity *= 2;
+  }
+  if (new_capacity != buffer->capacity) {
+    buffer->data = gumbo_realloc(buffer->data, new_capacity);
+    buffer->capacity = new_capacity;
+  }
+}
+
+void gumbo_string_buffer_init(GumboStringBuffer* output) {
+  output->data = gumbo_alloc(kDefaultStringBufferSize);
+  output->length = 0;
+  output->capacity = kDefaultStringBufferSize;
+}
+
+void gumbo_string_buffer_reserve (
+  size_t min_capacity,
+  GumboStringBuffer* output
+) {
+  maybe_resize_string_buffer(min_capacity - output->length, output);
+}
+
+void gumbo_string_buffer_append_codepoint (
+  int c,
+  GumboStringBuffer* output
+) {
+  // num_bytes is actually the number of continuation bytes, 1 less than the
+  // total number of bytes. This is done to keep the loop below simple and
+  // should probably change if we unroll it.
+  int num_bytes, prefix;
+  if (c <= 0x7f) {
+    num_bytes = 0;
+    prefix = 0;
+  } else if (c <= 0x7ff) {
+    num_bytes = 1;
+    prefix = 0xc0;
+  } else if (c <= 0xffff) {
+    num_bytes = 2;
+    prefix = 0xe0;
+  } else {
+    num_bytes = 3;
+    prefix = 0xf0;
+  }
+  maybe_resize_string_buffer(num_bytes + 1, output);
+  output->data[output->length++] = prefix | (c >> (num_bytes * 6));
+  for (int i = num_bytes - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+    output->data[output->length++] = 0x80 | (0x3f & (c >> (i * 6)));
+  }
+}
+
+void gumbo_string_buffer_append_string (
+  const GumboStringPiece* str,
+  GumboStringBuffer* output
+) {
+  maybe_resize_string_buffer(str->length, output);
+  memcpy(output->data + output->length, str->data, str->length);
+  output->length += str->length;
+}
+
+char* gumbo_string_buffer_to_string(const GumboStringBuffer* input) {
+  char* buffer = gumbo_alloc(input->length + 1);
+  memcpy(buffer, input->data, input->length);
+  buffer[input->length] = '\0';
+  return buffer;
+}
+
+void gumbo_string_buffer_clear(GumboStringBuffer* input) {
+  input->length = 0;
+}
+
+void gumbo_string_buffer_destroy(GumboStringBuffer* buffer) {
+  gumbo_free(buffer->data);
+}
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/string_buffer.h b/gumbo-parser/src/string_buffer.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a1b049cc52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/string_buffer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#ifndef GUMBO_STRING_BUFFER_H_
+#define GUMBO_STRING_BUFFER_H_
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+#include "gumbo.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+// A struct representing a mutable, growable string. This consists of a
+// heap-allocated buffer that may grow (by doubling) as necessary. When
+// converting to a string, this allocates a new buffer that is only as long as
+// it needs to be. Note that the internal buffer here is *not* nul-terminated,
+// so be sure not to use ordinary string manipulation functions on it.
+typedef struct {
+  // A pointer to the beginning of the string. NULL if length == 0.
+  char* data;
+
+  // The length of the string fragment, in bytes. May be zero.
+  size_t length;
+
+  // The capacity of the buffer, in bytes.
+  size_t capacity;
+} GumboStringBuffer;
+
+// Initializes a new GumboStringBuffer.
+void gumbo_string_buffer_init(GumboStringBuffer* output);
+
+// Ensures that the buffer contains at least a certain amount of space. Most
+// useful with snprintf and the other length-delimited string functions, which
+// may want to write directly into the buffer.
+void gumbo_string_buffer_reserve (
+  size_t min_capacity,
+  GumboStringBuffer* output
+);
+
+// Appends a single Unicode codepoint onto the end of the GumboStringBuffer.
+// This is essentially a UTF-8 encoder, and may add 1-4 bytes depending on the
+// value of the codepoint.
+void gumbo_string_buffer_append_codepoint (
+  int c,
+  GumboStringBuffer* output
+);
+
+// Appends a string onto the end of the GumboStringBuffer.
+void gumbo_string_buffer_append_string (
+  const GumboStringPiece* str,
+  GumboStringBuffer* output
+);
+
+// Converts this string buffer to const char*, alloctaing a new buffer for it.
+char* gumbo_string_buffer_to_string(const GumboStringBuffer* input);
+
+// Reinitialize this string buffer. This clears it by setting length=0. It
+// does not zero out the buffer itself.
+void gumbo_string_buffer_clear(GumboStringBuffer* input);
+
+// Deallocates this GumboStringBuffer.
+void gumbo_string_buffer_destroy(GumboStringBuffer* buffer);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif // GUMBO_STRING_BUFFER_H_
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/string_piece.c b/gumbo-parser/src/string_piece.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1c5d4f7215
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/string_piece.c
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/*
+ Copyright 2018 Craig Barnes.
+ Copyright 2010 Google Inc.
+
+ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "gumbo.h"
+#include "ascii.h"
+
+bool gumbo_string_equals (
+  const GumboStringPiece* str1,
+  const GumboStringPiece* str2
+) {
+  return
+    str1->length == str2->length
+    && !memcmp(str1->data, str2->data, str1->length);
+}
+
+bool gumbo_string_equals_ignore_case (
+  const GumboStringPiece* str1,
+  const GumboStringPiece* str2
+) {
+  return
+    str1->length == str2->length
+    && !gumbo_ascii_strncasecmp(str1->data, str2->data, str1->length);
+}
+
+bool gumbo_string_prefix_ignore_case (
+  const GumboStringPiece* prefix,
+  const GumboStringPiece* str
+) {
+  return
+    prefix->length <= str->length
+    && !gumbo_ascii_strncasecmp(prefix->data, str->data, prefix->length);
+}
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/svg_attrs.c b/gumbo-parser/src/svg_attrs.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..76a4477983
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/svg_attrs.c
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+/* ANSI-C code produced by gperf version 3.1 */
+/* Command-line: gperf -m100 lib/svg_attrs.gperf  */
+/* Computed positions: -k'1,10,$' */
+/* Filtered by: mk/gperf-filter.sed */
+
+#include "replacement.h"
+#include "macros.h"
+#include "ascii.h"
+#include <string.h>
+
+#define TOTAL_KEYWORDS 58
+#define MIN_WORD_LENGTH 4
+#define MAX_WORD_LENGTH 19
+#define MIN_HASH_VALUE 5
+#define MAX_HASH_VALUE 77
+/* maximum key range = 73, duplicates = 0 */
+
+
+
+static inline unsigned int
+hash (register const char *str, register size_t len)
+{
+  static const unsigned char asso_values[] =
+    {
+      78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78,
+      78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78,
+      78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78,
+      78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78,
+      78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78,
+      78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78,
+      78, 78, 78, 78, 78,  5, 78, 39, 14,  1,
+      31, 31, 13, 13, 78, 78, 22, 25, 10,  2,
+       7, 78, 22,  0,  1,  3,  1, 78,  0, 36,
+      14, 17, 20, 78, 78, 78, 78,  5, 78, 39,
+      14,  1, 31, 31, 13, 13, 78, 78, 22, 25,
+      10,  2,  7, 78, 22,  0,  1,  3,  1, 78,
+       0, 36, 14, 17, 20, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78,
+      78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78,
+      78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78,
+      78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78,
+      78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78,
+      78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78,
+      78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78,
+      78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78,
+      78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78,
+      78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78,
+      78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78,
+      78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78,
+      78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78,
+      78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78, 78
+    };
+  register unsigned int hval = len;
+
+  switch (hval)
+    {
+      default:
+        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[9]];
+      /*FALLTHROUGH*/
+      case 9:
+      case 8:
+      case 7:
+      case 6:
+      case 5:
+      case 4:
+      case 3:
+      case 2:
+      case 1:
+        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[0]+2];
+        break;
+    }
+  return hval + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[len - 1]];
+}
+
+const StringReplacement *
+gumbo_get_svg_attr_replacement (register const char *str, register size_t len)
+{
+  static const unsigned char lengthtable[] =
+    {
+       0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  4,  0,  7,  7,  0,  8,  9, 10, 11,
+      11, 11, 11, 10, 16, 18, 16, 12, 16, 11, 13, 11, 12, 11,
+      16,  0, 17,  9,  9,  8,  9, 10, 13, 10, 12, 14,  8,  4,
+      12, 19,  7,  9, 12, 12, 11, 14, 10, 19,  8, 16, 13, 16,
+      16, 15, 10, 12,  0,  0, 13, 13, 13,  0,  0,  9, 16,  0,
+       0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 17
+    };
+  static const StringReplacement wordlist[] =
+    {
+      {(char*)0,(char*)0}, {(char*)0,(char*)0},
+      {(char*)0,(char*)0}, {(char*)0,(char*)0},
+      {(char*)0,(char*)0},
+      {"refx", "refX"},
+      {(char*)0,(char*)0},
+      {"viewbox", "viewBox"},
+      {"targetx", "targetX"},
+      {(char*)0,(char*)0},
+      {"calcmode", "calcMode"},
+      {"maskunits", "maskUnits"},
+      {"viewtarget", "viewTarget"},
+      {"tablevalues", "tableValues"},
+      {"markerunits", "markerUnits"},
+      {"stitchtiles", "stitchTiles"},
+      {"startoffset", "startOffset"},
+      {"numoctaves", "numOctaves"},
+      {"requiredfeatures", "requiredFeatures"},
+      {"requiredextensions", "requiredExtensions"},
+      {"specularexponent", "specularExponent"},
+      {"surfacescale", "surfaceScale"},
+      {"specularconstant", "specularConstant"},
+      {"repeatcount", "repeatCount"},
+      {"clippathunits", "clipPathUnits"},
+      {"filterunits", "filterUnits"},
+      {"lengthadjust", "lengthAdjust"},
+      {"markerwidth", "markerWidth"},
+      {"maskcontentunits", "maskContentUnits"},
+      {(char*)0,(char*)0},
+      {"limitingconeangle", "limitingConeAngle"},
+      {"pointsatx", "pointsAtX"},
+      {"repeatdur", "repeatDur"},
+      {"keytimes", "keyTimes"},
+      {"keypoints", "keyPoints"},
+      {"keysplines", "keySplines"},
+      {"gradientunits", "gradientUnits"},
+      {"textlength", "textLength"},
+      {"stddeviation", "stdDeviation"},
+      {"primitiveunits", "primitiveUnits"},
+      {"edgemode", "edgeMode"},
+      {"refy", "refY"},
+      {"spreadmethod", "spreadMethod"},
+      {"preserveaspectratio", "preserveAspectRatio"},
+      {"targety", "targetY"},
+      {"pointsatz", "pointsAtZ"},
+      {"markerheight", "markerHeight"},
+      {"patternunits", "patternUnits"},
+      {"baseprofile", "baseProfile"},
+      {"systemlanguage", "systemLanguage"},
+      {"zoomandpan", "zoomAndPan"},
+      {"patterncontentunits", "patternContentUnits"},
+      {"glyphref", "glyphRef"},
+      {"xchannelselector", "xChannelSelector"},
+      {"attributetype", "attributeType"},
+      {"kernelunitlength", "kernelUnitLength"},
+      {"ychannelselector", "yChannelSelector"},
+      {"diffuseconstant", "diffuseConstant"},
+      {"pathlength", "pathLength"},
+      {"kernelmatrix", "kernelMatrix"},
+      {(char*)0,(char*)0}, {(char*)0,(char*)0},
+      {"preservealpha", "preserveAlpha"},
+      {"attributename", "attributeName"},
+      {"basefrequency", "baseFrequency"},
+      {(char*)0,(char*)0}, {(char*)0,(char*)0},
+      {"pointsaty", "pointsAtY"},
+      {"patterntransform", "patternTransform"},
+      {(char*)0,(char*)0}, {(char*)0,(char*)0},
+      {(char*)0,(char*)0}, {(char*)0,(char*)0},
+      {(char*)0,(char*)0}, {(char*)0,(char*)0},
+      {(char*)0,(char*)0}, {(char*)0,(char*)0},
+      {"gradienttransform", "gradientTransform"}
+    };
+
+  if (len <= MAX_WORD_LENGTH && len >= MIN_WORD_LENGTH)
+    {
+      register unsigned int key = hash (str, len);
+
+      if (key <= MAX_HASH_VALUE)
+        if (len == lengthtable[key])
+          {
+            register const char *s = wordlist[key].from;
+
+            if (s && (((unsigned char)*str ^ (unsigned char)*s) & ~32) == 0 && !gumbo_ascii_strncasecmp(str, s, len))
+              return &wordlist[key];
+          }
+    }
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/svg_attrs.gperf b/gumbo-parser/src/svg_attrs.gperf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ce9b2eb2ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/svg_attrs.gperf
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+%{
+#include "replacement.h"
+#include "macros.h"
+#include "ascii.h"
+%}
+
+%ignore-case
+%struct-type
+%omit-struct-type
+%compare-lengths
+%readonly-tables
+%null-strings
+%includes
+%define lookup-function-name gumbo_get_svg_attr_replacement
+%define slot-name from
+%define initializer-suffix ,(char*)0
+StringReplacement;
+
+%%
+"attributename", "attributeName"
+"attributetype", "attributeType"
+"basefrequency", "baseFrequency"
+"baseprofile", "baseProfile"
+"calcmode", "calcMode"
+"clippathunits", "clipPathUnits"
+"diffuseconstant", "diffuseConstant"
+"edgemode", "edgeMode"
+"filterunits", "filterUnits"
+"glyphref", "glyphRef"
+"gradienttransform", "gradientTransform"
+"gradientunits", "gradientUnits"
+"kernelmatrix", "kernelMatrix"
+"kernelunitlength", "kernelUnitLength"
+"keypoints", "keyPoints"
+"keysplines", "keySplines"
+"keytimes", "keyTimes"
+"lengthadjust", "lengthAdjust"
+"limitingconeangle", "limitingConeAngle"
+"markerheight", "markerHeight"
+"markerunits", "markerUnits"
+"markerwidth", "markerWidth"
+"maskcontentunits", "maskContentUnits"
+"maskunits", "maskUnits"
+"numoctaves", "numOctaves"
+"pathlength", "pathLength"
+"patterncontentunits", "patternContentUnits"
+"patterntransform", "patternTransform"
+"patternunits", "patternUnits"
+"pointsatx", "pointsAtX"
+"pointsaty", "pointsAtY"
+"pointsatz", "pointsAtZ"
+"preservealpha", "preserveAlpha"
+"preserveaspectratio", "preserveAspectRatio"
+"primitiveunits", "primitiveUnits"
+"refx", "refX"
+"refy", "refY"
+"repeatcount", "repeatCount"
+"repeatdur", "repeatDur"
+"requiredextensions", "requiredExtensions"
+"requiredfeatures", "requiredFeatures"
+"specularconstant", "specularConstant"
+"specularexponent", "specularExponent"
+"spreadmethod", "spreadMethod"
+"startoffset", "startOffset"
+"stddeviation", "stdDeviation"
+"stitchtiles", "stitchTiles"
+"surfacescale", "surfaceScale"
+"systemlanguage", "systemLanguage"
+"tablevalues", "tableValues"
+"targetx", "targetX"
+"targety", "targetY"
+"textlength", "textLength"
+"viewbox", "viewBox"
+"viewtarget", "viewTarget"
+"xchannelselector", "xChannelSelector"
+"ychannelselector", "yChannelSelector"
+"zoomandpan", "zoomAndPan"
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/svg_tags.c b/gumbo-parser/src/svg_tags.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5d835454a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/svg_tags.c
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+/* ANSI-C code produced by gperf version 3.1 */
+/* Command-line: gperf -m100 lib/svg_tags.gperf  */
+/* Computed positions: -k'3,7' */
+/* Filtered by: mk/gperf-filter.sed */
+
+#include "replacement.h"
+#include "macros.h"
+#include "ascii.h"
+#include <string.h>
+
+#define TOTAL_KEYWORDS 36
+#define MIN_WORD_LENGTH 6
+#define MAX_WORD_LENGTH 19
+#define MIN_HASH_VALUE 6
+#define MAX_HASH_VALUE 42
+/* maximum key range = 37, duplicates = 0 */
+
+
+
+static inline unsigned int
+hash (register const char *str, register size_t len)
+{
+  static const unsigned char asso_values[] =
+    {
+      43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43,
+      43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43,
+      43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43,
+      43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43,
+      43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43,
+      43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43,
+      43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 12,  2, 10, 22,
+       1, 28, 15,  1, 43, 43, 43,  0,  9, 26,
+       3, 17,  1, 11,  0, 22,  5, 43,  3,  2,
+      43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 12,  2,
+      10, 22,  1, 28, 15,  1, 43, 43, 43,  0,
+       9, 26,  3, 17,  1, 11,  0, 22,  5, 43,
+       3,  2, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43,
+      43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43,
+      43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43,
+      43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43,
+      43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43,
+      43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43,
+      43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43,
+      43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43,
+      43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43,
+      43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43,
+      43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43,
+      43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43,
+      43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43,
+      43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43
+    };
+  register unsigned int hval = len;
+
+  switch (hval)
+    {
+      default:
+        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[6]+1];
+      /*FALLTHROUGH*/
+      case 6:
+      case 5:
+      case 4:
+      case 3:
+        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[2]];
+        break;
+    }
+  return hval;
+}
+
+const StringReplacement *
+gumbo_get_svg_tag_replacement (register const char *str, register size_t len)
+{
+  static const unsigned char lengthtable[] =
+    {
+       0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  6,  0,  7,  7,  7,  8, 11, 12,
+      12, 13, 11, 12, 16,  7,  7, 16, 11,  7, 19,  8, 13, 17,
+      11, 12,  7,  8, 17,  8, 18,  8, 14, 12, 14, 14, 13,  7,
+      14
+    };
+  static const StringReplacement wordlist[] =
+    {
+      {(char*)0,(char*)0}, {(char*)0,(char*)0},
+      {(char*)0,(char*)0}, {(char*)0,(char*)0},
+      {(char*)0,(char*)0}, {(char*)0,(char*)0},
+      {"fetile", "feTile"},
+      {(char*)0,(char*)0},
+      {"femerge", "feMerge"},
+      {"feimage", "feImage"},
+      {"fefuncb", "feFuncB"},
+      {"glyphref", "glyphRef"},
+      {"femergenode", "feMergeNode"},
+      {"femorphology", "feMorphology"},
+      {"animatecolor", "animateColor"},
+      {"animatemotion", "animateMotion"},
+      {"fecomposite", "feComposite"},
+      {"feturbulence", "feTurbulence"},
+      {"animatetransform", "animateTransform"},
+      {"fefuncr", "feFuncR"},
+      {"fefunca", "feFuncA"},
+      {"feconvolvematrix", "feConvolveMatrix"},
+      {"fespotlight", "feSpotLight"},
+      {"fefuncg", "feFuncG"},
+      {"fecomponenttransfer", "feComponentTransfer"},
+      {"altglyph", "altGlyph"},
+      {"fecolormatrix", "feColorMatrix"},
+      {"fedisplacementmap", "feDisplacementMap"},
+      {"altglyphdef", "altGlyphDef"},
+      {"altglyphitem", "altGlyphItem"},
+      {"feflood", "feFlood"},
+      {"clippath", "clipPath"},
+      {"fediffuselighting", "feDiffuseLighting"},
+      {"textpath", "textPath"},
+      {"fespecularlighting", "feSpecularLighting"},
+      {"feoffset", "feOffset"},
+      {"fedistantlight", "feDistantLight"},
+      {"fepointlight", "fePointLight"},
+      {"lineargradient", "linearGradient"},
+      {"radialgradient", "radialGradient"},
+      {"foreignobject", "foreignObject"},
+      {"feblend", "feBlend"},
+      {"fegaussianblur", "feGaussianBlur"}
+    };
+
+  if (len <= MAX_WORD_LENGTH && len >= MIN_WORD_LENGTH)
+    {
+      register unsigned int key = hash (str, len);
+
+      if (key <= MAX_HASH_VALUE)
+        if (len == lengthtable[key])
+          {
+            register const char *s = wordlist[key].from;
+
+            if (s && (((unsigned char)*str ^ (unsigned char)*s) & ~32) == 0 && !gumbo_ascii_strncasecmp(str, s, len))
+              return &wordlist[key];
+          }
+    }
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/svg_tags.gperf b/gumbo-parser/src/svg_tags.gperf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a3c05f71be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/svg_tags.gperf
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+%{
+#include "replacement.h"
+#include "macros.h"
+#include "ascii.h"
+%}
+
+%ignore-case
+%struct-type
+%omit-struct-type
+%compare-lengths
+%readonly-tables
+%null-strings
+%includes
+%define lookup-function-name gumbo_get_svg_tag_replacement
+%define slot-name from
+%define initializer-suffix ,(char*)0
+StringReplacement;
+
+%%
+"altglyph", "altGlyph"
+"altglyphdef", "altGlyphDef"
+"altglyphitem", "altGlyphItem"
+"animatecolor", "animateColor"
+"animatemotion", "animateMotion"
+"animatetransform", "animateTransform"
+"clippath", "clipPath"
+"feblend", "feBlend"
+"fecolormatrix", "feColorMatrix"
+"fecomponenttransfer", "feComponentTransfer"
+"fecomposite", "feComposite"
+"feconvolvematrix", "feConvolveMatrix"
+"fediffuselighting", "feDiffuseLighting"
+"fedisplacementmap", "feDisplacementMap"
+"fedistantlight", "feDistantLight"
+"feflood", "feFlood"
+"fefunca", "feFuncA"
+"fefuncb", "feFuncB"
+"fefuncg", "feFuncG"
+"fefuncr", "feFuncR"
+"fegaussianblur", "feGaussianBlur"
+"feimage", "feImage"
+"femerge", "feMerge"
+"femergenode", "feMergeNode"
+"femorphology", "feMorphology"
+"feoffset", "feOffset"
+"fepointlight", "fePointLight"
+"fespecularlighting", "feSpecularLighting"
+"fespotlight", "feSpotLight"
+"fetile", "feTile"
+"feturbulence", "feTurbulence"
+"foreignobject", "foreignObject"
+"glyphref", "glyphRef"
+"lineargradient", "linearGradient"
+"radialgradient", "radialGradient"
+"textpath", "textPath"
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/tag.c b/gumbo-parser/src/tag.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3cae2d3304
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/tag.c
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+/*
+ Copyright 2011 Google Inc.
+
+ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+#include "gumbo.h"
+#include "util.h"
+#include "tag_lookup.h"
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+static const char kGumboTagNames[GUMBO_TAG_LAST+1][15] = {
+    [GUMBO_TAG_HTML] = "html",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_HEAD] = "head",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_TITLE] = "title",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_BASE] = "base",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_LINK] = "link",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_META] = "meta",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_STYLE] = "style",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT] = "script",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_NOSCRIPT] = "noscript",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE] = "template",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_BODY] = "body",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_ARTICLE] = "article",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_SECTION] = "section",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_NAV] = "nav",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_ASIDE] = "aside",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_H1] = "h1",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_H2] = "h2",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_H3] = "h3",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_H4] = "h4",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_H5] = "h5",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_H6] = "h6",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_HGROUP] = "hgroup",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_HEADER] = "header",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_FOOTER] = "footer",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_ADDRESS] = "address",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_P] = "p",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_HR] = "hr",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_PRE] = "pre",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_BLOCKQUOTE] = "blockquote",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_OL] = "ol",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_UL] = "ul",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_LI] = "li",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_DL] = "dl",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_DT] = "dt",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_DD] = "dd",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_FIGURE] = "figure",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_FIGCAPTION] = "figcaption",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_MAIN] = "main",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_DIV] = "div",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_A] = "a",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_EM] = "em",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_STRONG] = "strong",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_SMALL] = "small",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_S] = "s",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_CITE] = "cite",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_Q] = "q",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_DFN] = "dfn",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_ABBR] = "abbr",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_DATA] = "data",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_TIME] = "time",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_CODE] = "code",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_VAR] = "var",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_SAMP] = "samp",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_KBD] = "kbd",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_SUB] = "sub",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_SUP] = "sup",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_I] = "i",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_B] = "b",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_U] = "u",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_MARK] = "mark",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_RUBY] = "ruby",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_RT] = "rt",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_RP] = "rp",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_BDI] = "bdi",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_BDO] = "bdo",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_SPAN] = "span",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_BR] = "br",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_WBR] = "wbr",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_INS] = "ins",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_DEL] = "del",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_IMAGE] = "image",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_IMG] = "img",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_IFRAME] = "iframe",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_EMBED] = "embed",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_OBJECT] = "object",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_PARAM] = "param",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_VIDEO] = "video",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_AUDIO] = "audio",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_SOURCE] = "source",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_TRACK] = "track",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_CANVAS] = "canvas",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_MAP] = "map",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_AREA] = "area",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_MATH] = "math",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_MI] = "mi",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_MO] = "mo",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_MN] = "mn",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_MS] = "ms",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_MTEXT] = "mtext",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_MGLYPH] = "mglyph",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_MALIGNMARK] = "malignmark",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_ANNOTATION_XML] = "annotation-xml",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_SVG] = "svg",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_FOREIGNOBJECT] = "foreignobject",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_DESC] = "desc",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_TABLE] = "table",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_CAPTION] = "caption",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_COLGROUP] = "colgroup",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_COL] = "col",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_TBODY] = "tbody",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_THEAD] = "thead",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_TFOOT] = "tfoot",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_TR] = "tr",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_TD] = "td",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_TH] = "th",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_FORM] = "form",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_FIELDSET] = "fieldset",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_LEGEND] = "legend",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_LABEL] = "label",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_INPUT] = "input",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_BUTTON] = "button",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_SELECT] = "select",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_DATALIST] = "datalist",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_OPTGROUP] = "optgroup",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_OPTION] = "option",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_TEXTAREA] = "textarea",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_KEYGEN] = "keygen",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_OUTPUT] = "output",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_PROGRESS] = "progress",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_METER] = "meter",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_DETAILS] = "details",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_SUMMARY] = "summary",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_MENU] = "menu",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_MENUITEM] = "menuitem",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_APPLET] = "applet",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_ACRONYM] = "acronym",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_BGSOUND] = "bgsound",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_DIR] = "dir",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_FRAME] = "frame",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_FRAMESET] = "frameset",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_NOFRAMES] = "noframes",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_LISTING] = "listing",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_XMP] = "xmp",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_NEXTID] = "nextid",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_NOEMBED] = "noembed",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_PLAINTEXT] = "plaintext",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_RB] = "rb",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_STRIKE] = "strike",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_BASEFONT] = "basefont",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_BIG] = "big",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_BLINK] = "blink",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_CENTER] = "center",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_FONT] = "font",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_MARQUEE] = "marquee",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_MULTICOL] = "multicol",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_NOBR] = "nobr",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_SPACER] = "spacer",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_TT] = "tt",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_RTC] = "rtc",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_DIALOG] = "dialog",
+
+    [GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN] = "",
+    [GUMBO_TAG_LAST] = "",
+};
+
+const char* gumbo_normalized_tagname(GumboTag tag) {
+  assert(tag <= GUMBO_TAG_LAST);
+  const char *tagname = kGumboTagNames[tag];
+  assert(tagname);
+  return tagname;
+}
+
+void gumbo_tag_from_original_text(GumboStringPiece* text) {
+  if (text->data == NULL) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  assert(text->length >= 2);
+  assert(text->data[0] == '<');
+  assert(text->data[text->length - 1] == '>');
+
+  if (text->data[1] == '/') {
+    // End tag
+    assert(text->length >= 3);
+    text->data += 2;  // Move past </
+    text->length -= 3;
+  } else {
+    // Start tag
+    text->data += 1;  // Move past <
+    text->length -= 2;
+    for (const char* c = text->data; c != text->data + text->length; ++c) {
+      switch (*c) {
+      case '\t':
+      case '\n':
+      case '\f':
+      case ' ':
+      case '/':
+        text->length = c - text->data;
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+GumboTag gumbo_tagn_enum(const char *tagname, size_t tagname_length) {
+    const TagHashSlot *slot = gumbo_tag_lookup(tagname, tagname_length);
+    return slot ? slot->tag : GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN;
+}
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/tag_lookup.c b/gumbo-parser/src/tag_lookup.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..59adf2abe7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/tag_lookup.c
@@ -0,0 +1,382 @@
+/* ANSI-C code produced by gperf version 3.1 */
+/* Command-line: gperf -m100 lib/tag_lookup.gperf  */
+/* Computed positions: -k'1-2,$' */
+/* Filtered by: mk/gperf-filter.sed */
+
+#include "tag_lookup.h"
+#include "macros.h"
+#include "ascii.h"
+#include <string.h>
+
+#define TOTAL_KEYWORDS 150
+#define MIN_WORD_LENGTH 1
+#define MAX_WORD_LENGTH 14
+#define MIN_HASH_VALUE 9
+#define MAX_HASH_VALUE 271
+/* maximum key range = 263, duplicates = 0 */
+
+
+
+static inline unsigned int
+hash (register const char *str, register size_t len)
+{
+  static const unsigned short asso_values[] =
+    {
+      272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272,
+      272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272,
+      272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272,
+      272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272,
+      272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272,   9,
+        7,   6,   4,   4,   3,   4,   3,   3, 272, 272,
+      272, 272, 272, 272, 272,  70,  83, 152,   7,  16,
+       61,  98,   5,  76, 102, 126,  12,  19,  54,  54,
+       31,  97,   3,   4,   9,  33, 136, 113,  86,  15,
+      272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272,  70,  83, 152,
+        7,  16,  61,  98,   5,  76, 102, 126,  12,  19,
+       54,  54,  31,  97,   3,   4,   9,  33, 136, 113,
+       86,  15, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272,
+      272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272,
+      272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272,
+      272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272,
+      272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272,
+      272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272,
+      272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272,
+      272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272,
+      272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272,
+      272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272,
+      272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272,
+      272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272,
+      272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272,
+      272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272
+    };
+  register unsigned int hval = len;
+
+  switch (hval)
+    {
+      default:
+        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[1]+3];
+      /*FALLTHROUGH*/
+      case 1:
+        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[0]];
+        break;
+    }
+  return hval + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[len - 1]];
+}
+
+const TagHashSlot *
+gumbo_tag_lookup (register const char *str, register size_t len)
+{
+  static const unsigned char lengthtable[] =
+    {
+       0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  1,  0,  0,  0,  2,
+       2,  2,  2,  6,  2,  6,  2,  4,  0,  7,  6,  3,  0,  3,
+       0,  6,  6,  8,  5,  0,  0,  4,  5,  5,  8,  0,  2,  4,
+       5,  2,  0,  5,  4,  2,  0,  7,  0,  8,  5,  0,  0,  0,
+       0,  0,  0,  5,  3,  4,  5,  1,  4,  0,  4,  1,  2,  8,
+       7,  7,  6,  6,  8,  2,  8,  4,  2,  0,  6,  0,  0,  3,
+       4,  6, 13,  4,  4,  6,  8,  0,  8,  4,  0,  6,  0,  8,
+       4,  5,  0,  2,  2,  9,  2,  4,  0,  8,  4,  2,  4,  8,
+       7,  0,  2,  5,  2,  0,  6,  0,  3,  2,  2,  6,  3,  8,
+       7,  2,  5,  7,  0,  2,  6,  2,  4,  3,  0, 10,  5,  6,
+       3,  1,  2,  0,  6,  0,  5,  5,  0,  3,  0,  3,  3,  1,
+       4,  6,  4,  7,  3,  0,  0,  2, 10, 10,  0,  0,  6,  1,
+       4,  6,  3,  0,  2,  5,  6,  4,  3,  4,  0,  7,  3,  0,
+       0,  0,  4,  0,  0,  5,  0,  0,  0,  6,  0, 14,  8,  1,
+       3,  0,  0,  7,  3,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  5,  3,  0,
+       0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  5,  0,  0,  0,  0,  7,  6,  0,  0,
+       0,  0,  0,  5,  0,  6,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,
+       3,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,
+       0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  3,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,
+       0,  0,  5,  0,  0,  3
+    };
+  static const TagHashSlot wordlist[] =
+    {
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"s", GUMBO_TAG_S},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"h6", GUMBO_TAG_H6},
+      {"h5", GUMBO_TAG_H5},
+      {"h4", GUMBO_TAG_H4},
+      {"h3", GUMBO_TAG_H3},
+      {"spacer", GUMBO_TAG_SPACER},
+      {"h2", GUMBO_TAG_H2},
+      {"header", GUMBO_TAG_HEADER},
+      {"h1", GUMBO_TAG_H1},
+      {"head", GUMBO_TAG_HEAD},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"details", GUMBO_TAG_DETAILS},
+      {"select", GUMBO_TAG_SELECT},
+      {"dir", GUMBO_TAG_DIR},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"del", GUMBO_TAG_DEL},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"source", GUMBO_TAG_SOURCE},
+      {"legend", GUMBO_TAG_LEGEND},
+      {"datalist", GUMBO_TAG_DATALIST},
+      {"meter", GUMBO_TAG_METER},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"math", GUMBO_TAG_MATH},
+      {"label", GUMBO_TAG_LABEL},
+      {"table", GUMBO_TAG_TABLE},
+      {"template", GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"rp", GUMBO_TAG_RP},
+      {"time", GUMBO_TAG_TIME},
+      {"title", GUMBO_TAG_TITLE},
+      {"hr", GUMBO_TAG_HR},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"tbody", GUMBO_TAG_TBODY},
+      {"samp", GUMBO_TAG_SAMP},
+      {"tr", GUMBO_TAG_TR},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"marquee", GUMBO_TAG_MARQUEE},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"menuitem", GUMBO_TAG_MENUITEM},
+      {"small", GUMBO_TAG_SMALL},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"embed", GUMBO_TAG_EMBED},
+      {"map", GUMBO_TAG_MAP},
+      {"menu", GUMBO_TAG_MENU},
+      {"param", GUMBO_TAG_PARAM},
+      {"p", GUMBO_TAG_P},
+      {"nobr", GUMBO_TAG_NOBR},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"span", GUMBO_TAG_SPAN},
+      {"u", GUMBO_TAG_U},
+      {"em", GUMBO_TAG_EM},
+      {"noframes", GUMBO_TAG_NOFRAMES},
+      {"section", GUMBO_TAG_SECTION},
+      {"noembed", GUMBO_TAG_NOEMBED},
+      {"nextid", GUMBO_TAG_NEXTID},
+      {"footer", GUMBO_TAG_FOOTER},
+      {"noscript", GUMBO_TAG_NOSCRIPT},
+      {"dl", GUMBO_TAG_DL},
+      {"progress", GUMBO_TAG_PROGRESS},
+      {"font", GUMBO_TAG_FONT},
+      {"mo", GUMBO_TAG_MO},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"script", GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"pre", GUMBO_TAG_PRE},
+      {"main", GUMBO_TAG_MAIN},
+      {"object", GUMBO_TAG_OBJECT},
+      {"foreignobject", GUMBO_TAG_FOREIGNOBJECT},
+      {"form", GUMBO_TAG_FORM},
+      {"data", GUMBO_TAG_DATA},
+      {"applet", GUMBO_TAG_APPLET},
+      {"fieldset", GUMBO_TAG_FIELDSET},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"textarea", GUMBO_TAG_TEXTAREA},
+      {"abbr", GUMBO_TAG_ABBR},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"figure", GUMBO_TAG_FIGURE},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"optgroup", GUMBO_TAG_OPTGROUP},
+      {"meta", GUMBO_TAG_META},
+      {"tfoot", GUMBO_TAG_TFOOT},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"ul", GUMBO_TAG_UL},
+      {"li", GUMBO_TAG_LI},
+      {"plaintext", GUMBO_TAG_PLAINTEXT},
+      {"rb", GUMBO_TAG_RB},
+      {"body", GUMBO_TAG_BODY},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"basefont", GUMBO_TAG_BASEFONT},
+      {"ruby", GUMBO_TAG_RUBY},
+      {"mi", GUMBO_TAG_MI},
+      {"base", GUMBO_TAG_BASE},
+      {"frameset", GUMBO_TAG_FRAMESET},
+      {"summary", GUMBO_TAG_SUMMARY},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"dd", GUMBO_TAG_DD},
+      {"frame", GUMBO_TAG_FRAME},
+      {"td", GUMBO_TAG_TD},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"option", GUMBO_TAG_OPTION},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"svg", GUMBO_TAG_SVG},
+      {"br", GUMBO_TAG_BR},
+      {"ol", GUMBO_TAG_OL},
+      {"dialog", GUMBO_TAG_DIALOG},
+      {"sup", GUMBO_TAG_SUP},
+      {"multicol", GUMBO_TAG_MULTICOL},
+      {"article", GUMBO_TAG_ARTICLE},
+      {"rt", GUMBO_TAG_RT},
+      {"image", GUMBO_TAG_IMAGE},
+      {"listing", GUMBO_TAG_LISTING},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"dt", GUMBO_TAG_DT},
+      {"mglyph", GUMBO_TAG_MGLYPH},
+      {"tt", GUMBO_TAG_TT},
+      {"html", GUMBO_TAG_HTML},
+      {"wbr", GUMBO_TAG_WBR},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"figcaption", GUMBO_TAG_FIGCAPTION},
+      {"style", GUMBO_TAG_STYLE},
+      {"strike", GUMBO_TAG_STRIKE},
+      {"dfn", GUMBO_TAG_DFN},
+      {"a", GUMBO_TAG_A},
+      {"th", GUMBO_TAG_TH},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"hgroup", GUMBO_TAG_HGROUP},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"mtext", GUMBO_TAG_MTEXT},
+      {"thead", GUMBO_TAG_THEAD},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"var", GUMBO_TAG_VAR},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"xmp", GUMBO_TAG_XMP},
+      {"kbd", GUMBO_TAG_KBD},
+      {"i", GUMBO_TAG_I},
+      {"link", GUMBO_TAG_LINK},
+      {"output", GUMBO_TAG_OUTPUT},
+      {"mark", GUMBO_TAG_MARK},
+      {"acronym", GUMBO_TAG_ACRONYM},
+      {"div", GUMBO_TAG_DIV},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"ms", GUMBO_TAG_MS},
+      {"malignmark", GUMBO_TAG_MALIGNMARK},
+      {"blockquote", GUMBO_TAG_BLOCKQUOTE},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"center", GUMBO_TAG_CENTER},
+      {"b", GUMBO_TAG_B},
+      {"desc", GUMBO_TAG_DESC},
+      {"canvas", GUMBO_TAG_CANVAS},
+      {"col", GUMBO_TAG_COL},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"mn", GUMBO_TAG_MN},
+      {"track", GUMBO_TAG_TRACK},
+      {"iframe", GUMBO_TAG_IFRAME},
+      {"code", GUMBO_TAG_CODE},
+      {"sub", GUMBO_TAG_SUB},
+      {"area", GUMBO_TAG_AREA},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"address", GUMBO_TAG_ADDRESS},
+      {"ins", GUMBO_TAG_INS},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"cite", GUMBO_TAG_CITE},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"input", GUMBO_TAG_INPUT},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"keygen", GUMBO_TAG_KEYGEN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"annotation-xml", GUMBO_TAG_ANNOTATION_XML},
+      {"colgroup", GUMBO_TAG_COLGROUP},
+      {"q", GUMBO_TAG_Q},
+      {"big", GUMBO_TAG_BIG},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"bgsound", GUMBO_TAG_BGSOUND},
+      {"nav", GUMBO_TAG_NAV},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"video", GUMBO_TAG_VIDEO},
+      {"img", GUMBO_TAG_IMG},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"audio", GUMBO_TAG_AUDIO},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"caption", GUMBO_TAG_CAPTION},
+      {"strong", GUMBO_TAG_STRONG},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"aside", GUMBO_TAG_ASIDE},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"button", GUMBO_TAG_BUTTON},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"bdo", GUMBO_TAG_BDO},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"bdi", GUMBO_TAG_BDI},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"blink", GUMBO_TAG_BLINK},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {(char*)0,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN},
+      {"rtc", GUMBO_TAG_RTC}
+    };
+
+  if (len <= MAX_WORD_LENGTH && len >= MIN_WORD_LENGTH)
+    {
+      register unsigned int key = hash (str, len);
+
+      if (key <= MAX_HASH_VALUE)
+        if (len == lengthtable[key])
+          {
+            register const char *s = wordlist[key].key;
+
+            if (s && (((unsigned char)*str ^ (unsigned char)*s) & ~32) == 0 && !gumbo_ascii_strncasecmp(str, s, len))
+              return &wordlist[key];
+          }
+    }
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/tag_lookup.gperf b/gumbo-parser/src/tag_lookup.gperf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0f7deaaad9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/tag_lookup.gperf
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+%{
+#include "tag_lookup.h"
+#include "macros.h"
+#include "ascii.h"
+%}
+
+%ignore-case
+%struct-type
+%omit-struct-type
+%compare-lengths
+%readonly-tables
+%null-strings
+%includes
+%define lookup-function-name gumbo_tag_lookup
+%define slot-name key
+%define initializer-suffix ,GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN
+TagHashSlot;
+
+%%
+html, GUMBO_TAG_HTML
+head, GUMBO_TAG_HEAD
+title, GUMBO_TAG_TITLE
+base, GUMBO_TAG_BASE
+link, GUMBO_TAG_LINK
+meta, GUMBO_TAG_META
+style, GUMBO_TAG_STYLE
+script, GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT
+noscript, GUMBO_TAG_NOSCRIPT
+template, GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE
+body, GUMBO_TAG_BODY
+article, GUMBO_TAG_ARTICLE
+section, GUMBO_TAG_SECTION
+nav, GUMBO_TAG_NAV
+aside, GUMBO_TAG_ASIDE
+h1, GUMBO_TAG_H1
+h2, GUMBO_TAG_H2
+h3, GUMBO_TAG_H3
+h4, GUMBO_TAG_H4
+h5, GUMBO_TAG_H5
+h6, GUMBO_TAG_H6
+hgroup, GUMBO_TAG_HGROUP
+header, GUMBO_TAG_HEADER
+footer, GUMBO_TAG_FOOTER
+address, GUMBO_TAG_ADDRESS
+p, GUMBO_TAG_P
+hr, GUMBO_TAG_HR
+pre, GUMBO_TAG_PRE
+blockquote, GUMBO_TAG_BLOCKQUOTE
+ol, GUMBO_TAG_OL
+ul, GUMBO_TAG_UL
+li, GUMBO_TAG_LI
+dl, GUMBO_TAG_DL
+dt, GUMBO_TAG_DT
+dd, GUMBO_TAG_DD
+figure, GUMBO_TAG_FIGURE
+figcaption, GUMBO_TAG_FIGCAPTION
+main, GUMBO_TAG_MAIN
+div, GUMBO_TAG_DIV
+a, GUMBO_TAG_A
+em, GUMBO_TAG_EM
+strong, GUMBO_TAG_STRONG
+small, GUMBO_TAG_SMALL
+s, GUMBO_TAG_S
+cite, GUMBO_TAG_CITE
+q, GUMBO_TAG_Q
+dfn, GUMBO_TAG_DFN
+abbr, GUMBO_TAG_ABBR
+data, GUMBO_TAG_DATA
+time, GUMBO_TAG_TIME
+code, GUMBO_TAG_CODE
+var, GUMBO_TAG_VAR
+samp, GUMBO_TAG_SAMP
+kbd, GUMBO_TAG_KBD
+sub, GUMBO_TAG_SUB
+sup, GUMBO_TAG_SUP
+i, GUMBO_TAG_I
+b, GUMBO_TAG_B
+u, GUMBO_TAG_U
+mark, GUMBO_TAG_MARK
+ruby, GUMBO_TAG_RUBY
+rt, GUMBO_TAG_RT
+rp, GUMBO_TAG_RP
+bdi, GUMBO_TAG_BDI
+bdo, GUMBO_TAG_BDO
+span, GUMBO_TAG_SPAN
+br, GUMBO_TAG_BR
+wbr, GUMBO_TAG_WBR
+ins, GUMBO_TAG_INS
+del, GUMBO_TAG_DEL
+image, GUMBO_TAG_IMAGE
+img, GUMBO_TAG_IMG
+iframe, GUMBO_TAG_IFRAME
+embed, GUMBO_TAG_EMBED
+object, GUMBO_TAG_OBJECT
+param, GUMBO_TAG_PARAM
+video, GUMBO_TAG_VIDEO
+audio, GUMBO_TAG_AUDIO
+source, GUMBO_TAG_SOURCE
+track, GUMBO_TAG_TRACK
+canvas, GUMBO_TAG_CANVAS
+map, GUMBO_TAG_MAP
+area, GUMBO_TAG_AREA
+math, GUMBO_TAG_MATH
+mi, GUMBO_TAG_MI
+mo, GUMBO_TAG_MO
+mn, GUMBO_TAG_MN
+ms, GUMBO_TAG_MS
+mtext, GUMBO_TAG_MTEXT
+mglyph, GUMBO_TAG_MGLYPH
+malignmark, GUMBO_TAG_MALIGNMARK
+annotation-xml, GUMBO_TAG_ANNOTATION_XML
+svg, GUMBO_TAG_SVG
+foreignobject, GUMBO_TAG_FOREIGNOBJECT
+desc, GUMBO_TAG_DESC
+table, GUMBO_TAG_TABLE
+caption, GUMBO_TAG_CAPTION
+colgroup, GUMBO_TAG_COLGROUP
+col, GUMBO_TAG_COL
+tbody, GUMBO_TAG_TBODY
+thead, GUMBO_TAG_THEAD
+tfoot, GUMBO_TAG_TFOOT
+tr, GUMBO_TAG_TR
+td, GUMBO_TAG_TD
+th, GUMBO_TAG_TH
+form, GUMBO_TAG_FORM
+fieldset, GUMBO_TAG_FIELDSET
+legend, GUMBO_TAG_LEGEND
+label, GUMBO_TAG_LABEL
+input, GUMBO_TAG_INPUT
+button, GUMBO_TAG_BUTTON
+select, GUMBO_TAG_SELECT
+datalist, GUMBO_TAG_DATALIST
+optgroup, GUMBO_TAG_OPTGROUP
+option, GUMBO_TAG_OPTION
+textarea, GUMBO_TAG_TEXTAREA
+keygen, GUMBO_TAG_KEYGEN
+output, GUMBO_TAG_OUTPUT
+progress, GUMBO_TAG_PROGRESS
+meter, GUMBO_TAG_METER
+details, GUMBO_TAG_DETAILS
+summary, GUMBO_TAG_SUMMARY
+menu, GUMBO_TAG_MENU
+menuitem, GUMBO_TAG_MENUITEM
+applet, GUMBO_TAG_APPLET
+acronym, GUMBO_TAG_ACRONYM
+bgsound, GUMBO_TAG_BGSOUND
+dir, GUMBO_TAG_DIR
+frame, GUMBO_TAG_FRAME
+frameset, GUMBO_TAG_FRAMESET
+noframes, GUMBO_TAG_NOFRAMES
+listing, GUMBO_TAG_LISTING
+xmp, GUMBO_TAG_XMP
+nextid, GUMBO_TAG_NEXTID
+noembed, GUMBO_TAG_NOEMBED
+plaintext, GUMBO_TAG_PLAINTEXT
+rb, GUMBO_TAG_RB
+strike, GUMBO_TAG_STRIKE
+basefont, GUMBO_TAG_BASEFONT
+big, GUMBO_TAG_BIG
+blink, GUMBO_TAG_BLINK
+center, GUMBO_TAG_CENTER
+font, GUMBO_TAG_FONT
+marquee, GUMBO_TAG_MARQUEE
+multicol, GUMBO_TAG_MULTICOL
+nobr, GUMBO_TAG_NOBR
+spacer, GUMBO_TAG_SPACER
+tt, GUMBO_TAG_TT
+rtc, GUMBO_TAG_RTC
+dialog, GUMBO_TAG_DIALOG
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/tag_lookup.h b/gumbo-parser/src/tag_lookup.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fe8454aa54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/tag_lookup.h
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#ifndef GUMBO_TAG_LOOKUP_H_
+#define GUMBO_TAG_LOOKUP_H_
+
+#include "gumbo.h"
+
+typedef struct {
+    const char *key;
+    const GumboTag tag;
+} TagHashSlot;
+
+const TagHashSlot *gumbo_tag_lookup(const char *str, size_t len);
+
+#endif // GUMBO_TAG_LOOKUP_H_
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/token_buffer.c b/gumbo-parser/src/token_buffer.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9cd6252f9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/token_buffer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*
+ Copyright 2018 Stephen Checkoway
+
+ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+#include <assert.h>
+
+#include "ascii.h"
+#include "token_buffer.h"
+#include "tokenizer.h"
+#include "util.h"
+
+struct GumboInternalCharacterToken {
+  GumboSourcePosition position;
+  GumboStringPiece original_text;
+  int c;
+};
+
+void gumbo_character_token_buffer_init(GumboCharacterTokenBuffer* buffer) {
+  buffer->data = NULL;
+  buffer->length = 0;
+  buffer->capacity = 0;
+}
+
+void gumbo_character_token_buffer_append (
+  const GumboToken* token,
+  GumboCharacterTokenBuffer* buffer
+) {
+  assert(token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE
+         || token->type == GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER);
+  if (buffer->length == buffer->capacity) {
+    if (buffer->capacity == 0)
+      buffer->capacity = 10;
+    else
+      buffer->capacity *= 2;
+    size_t bytes = sizeof(*buffer->data) * buffer->capacity;
+    buffer->data = gumbo_realloc(buffer->data, bytes);
+  }
+  size_t index = buffer->length++;
+  buffer->data[index].position = token->position;
+  buffer->data[index].original_text = token->original_text;
+  buffer->data[index].c = token->v.character;
+}
+
+void gumbo_character_token_buffer_get (
+  const GumboCharacterTokenBuffer* buffer,
+  size_t index,
+  struct GumboInternalToken* output
+) {
+  assert(index < buffer->length);
+  int c = buffer->data[index].c;
+  output->type = gumbo_ascii_isspace(c)?
+    GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE : GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER;
+  output->position = buffer->data[index].position;
+  output->original_text = buffer->data[index].original_text;
+  output->v.character = c;
+}
+
+void gumbo_character_token_buffer_clear(GumboCharacterTokenBuffer* buffer) {
+  buffer->length = 0;
+}
+
+void gumbo_character_token_buffer_destroy(GumboCharacterTokenBuffer* buffer) {
+  gumbo_free(buffer->data);
+  buffer->data = NULL;
+  buffer->length = 0;
+  buffer->capacity = 0;
+}
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/token_buffer.h b/gumbo-parser/src/token_buffer.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a8e83a71ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/token_buffer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ Copyright 2018 Stephen Checkoway
+
+ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+#ifndef GUMBO_TOKEN_BUFFER_H
+#define GUMBO_TOKEN_BUFFER_H
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+#include "gumbo.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+struct GumboInternalCharacterToken;
+struct GumboInternalToken;
+
+// A struct representing a growable sequence of character (and whitespace)
+// tokens.
+typedef struct {
+  // A pointer to the start of the sequence.
+  struct GumboInternalCharacterToken* data;
+
+  // The length of the sequence.
+  size_t length;
+
+  // The capacity of the buffer.
+  size_t capacity;
+} GumboCharacterTokenBuffer;
+
+// Initializes a new GumboCharacterTokenBuffer.
+void gumbo_character_token_buffer_init(GumboCharacterTokenBuffer* buffer);
+
+// Appends a character (or whitespace) token.
+void gumbo_character_token_buffer_append (
+  const struct GumboInternalToken* token,
+  GumboCharacterTokenBuffer* buffer
+);
+
+void gumbo_character_token_buffer_get (
+  const GumboCharacterTokenBuffer* buffer,
+  size_t index,
+  struct GumboInternalToken* output
+);
+
+// Reinitialize this string buffer. This clears it by setting length=0. It
+// does not zero out the buffer itself.
+void gumbo_character_token_buffer_clear(GumboCharacterTokenBuffer* buffer);
+
+// Deallocates this GumboCharacterTokenBuffer.
+void gumbo_character_token_buffer_destroy(GumboCharacterTokenBuffer* buffer);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif // GUMBO_TOKEN_BUFFER_H
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/token_type.h b/gumbo-parser/src/token_type.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fdee13bb88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/token_type.h
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#ifndef GUMBO_TOKEN_TYPE_H_
+#define GUMBO_TOKEN_TYPE_H_
+
+// An enum representing the type of token.
+typedef enum {
+  GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE,
+  GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG,
+  GUMBO_TOKEN_END_TAG,
+  GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT,
+  GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE,
+  GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER,
+  GUMBO_TOKEN_CDATA,
+  GUMBO_TOKEN_NULL,
+  GUMBO_TOKEN_EOF
+} GumboTokenType;
+
+#endif // GUMBO_TOKEN_TYPE_H_
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/tokenizer.c b/gumbo-parser/src/tokenizer.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..85e77877ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/tokenizer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3463 @@
+/*
+ Copyright 2010 Google Inc.
+ Copyright 2017-2018 Craig Barnes
+ Copyright 2018 Stephen Checkoway
+
+ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+/*
+ Coding conventions specific to this file:
+
+ 1. Functions that fill in a token should be named emit_*, and should be
+    followed immediately by a return from the tokenizer.
+ 2. Functions that shuffle data from temporaries to final API structures
+    should be named finish_*, and be called just before the tokenizer exits the
+    state that accumulates the temporary.
+ 3. All internal data structures should be kept in an initialized state from
+    tokenizer creation onwards, ready to accept input. When a buffer's flushed
+    and reset, it should be deallocated and immediately reinitialized.
+ 4. Make sure there are appropriate break statements following each state.
+ 5. Assertions on the state of the temporary and tag buffers are usually a
+    good idea, and should go at the entry point of each state when added.
+ 6. Statement order within states goes:
+    1. Add parse errors, if appropriate.
+    2. Call finish_* functions to build up tag state.
+    2. Switch to new state. Set _reconsume flag if appropriate.
+    3. Perform any other temporary buffer manipulation.
+    4. Emit tokens
+    5. Return/break.
+    This order ensures that we can verify that every emit is followed by
+    a return, ensures that the correct state is recorded with any parse
+    errors, and prevents parse error position from being messed up by
+    possible mark/resets in temporary buffer manipulation.
+*/
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "tokenizer.h"
+#include "ascii.h"
+#include "attribute.h"
+#include "char_ref.h"
+#include "error.h"
+#include "gumbo.h"
+#include "parser.h"
+#include "string_buffer.h"
+#include "token_type.h"
+#include "tokenizer_states.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
+#include "util.h"
+#include "vector.h"
+
+// Compared against _temporary_buffer to determine if we're in
+// double-escaped script mode.
+static const GumboStringPiece kScriptTag = {.data = "script", .length = 6};
+
+// An enum for the return value of each individual state. Each of the emit_*
+// functions should return EMIT_TOKEN and should be called as
+// return emit_foo(parser, ..., output);
+// Each of the handle_*_state functions that do not return emit_* should
+// instead return CONTINUE to indicate to gumbo_lex to continue lexing.
+typedef enum {
+  EMIT_TOKEN,
+  CONTINUE,
+} StateResult;
+
+// This is a struct containing state necessary to build up a tag token,
+// character by character.
+typedef struct GumboInternalTagState {
+  // A buffer to accumulate characters for various GumboStringPiece fields.
+  GumboStringBuffer _buffer;
+
+  // A pointer to the start of the original text corresponding to the contents
+  // of the buffer.
+  const char* _original_text;
+
+  // The current tag enum, computed once the tag name state has finished so that
+  // the buffer can be re-used for building up attributes.
+  GumboTag _tag;
+
+  // The current tag name. It's set at the same time that _tag is set if _tag
+  // is set to GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN.
+  char *_name;
+
+  // The starting location of the text in the buffer.
+  GumboSourcePosition _start_pos;
+
+  // The current list of attributes. This is copied (and ownership of its data
+  // transferred) to the GumboStartTag token upon completion of the tag. New
+  // attributes are added as soon as their attribute name state is complete, and
+  // values are filled in by operating on _attributes.data[attributes.length-1].
+  GumboVector /* GumboAttribute */ _attributes;
+
+  // If true, the next attribute value to be finished should be dropped. This
+  // happens if a duplicate attribute name is encountered - we want to consume
+  // the attribute value, but shouldn't overwrite the existing value.
+  bool _drop_next_attr_value;
+
+  // The last start tag to have been emitted by the tokenizer. This is
+  // necessary to check for appropriate end tags.
+  GumboTag _last_start_tag;
+
+  // If true, then this is a start tag. If false, it's an end tag. This is
+  // necessary to generate the appropriate token type at tag-closing time.
+  bool _is_start_tag;
+
+  // If true, then this tag is "self-closing" and doesn't have an end tag.
+  bool _is_self_closing;
+} GumboTagState;
+
+// This is the main tokenizer state struct, containing all state used by in
+// tokenizing the input stream.
+typedef struct GumboInternalTokenizerState {
+  // The current lexer state. Starts in GUMBO_LEX_DATA.
+  GumboTokenizerEnum _state;
+
+  // A flag indicating whether the current input character needs to reconsumed
+  // in another state, or whether the next input character should be read for
+  // the next iteration of the state loop. This is set when the spec reads
+  // "Reconsume the current input character in..."
+  bool _reconsume_current_input;
+
+  // A flag indicating whether the adjusted current node is a foreign element.
+  // This is set by gumbo_tokenizer_set_is_adjusted_current_node_foreign and
+  // checked in the markup declaration state.
+  bool _is_adjusted_current_node_foreign;
+
+  // A flag indicating whether the tokenizer is in a CDATA section. If so, then
+  // text tokens emitted will be GUMBO_TOKEN_CDATA.
+  bool _is_in_cdata;
+
+  // Certain states (notably character references) may emit two character tokens
+  // at once, but the contract for lex() fills in only one token at a time. The
+  // extra character is buffered here, and then this is checked on entry to
+  // lex(). If a character is stored here, it's immediately emitted and control
+  // returns from the lexer. kGumboNoChar is used to represent 'no character
+  // stored.'
+  //
+  // Note that characters emitted through this mechanism will have their source
+  // position marked as the character under the mark, i.e. multiple characters
+  // may be emitted with the same position. This is desirable for character
+  // references, but unsuitable for many other cases. Use the _temporary_buffer
+  // mechanism if the buffered characters must have their original positions in
+  // the document.
+  int _buffered_emit_char;
+
+  // A temporary buffer to accumulate characters, as described by the "temporary
+  // buffer" phrase in the tokenizer spec. We use this in a somewhat unorthodox
+  // way: In situations where the spec calls for inserting characters into the
+  // temporary buffer that exactly match the input in order to emit them as
+  // character tokens, we don't actually do it.
+  // Instead, we mark the input and reset the input to it using set_mark() and
+  // emit_from_mark(). We do use the temporary buffer for other uses such as
+  // DOCTYPEs, comments, and detecting escaped <script> tags.
+  GumboStringBuffer _temporary_buffer;
+
+  // The position to resume normal operation after we start emitting from the
+  // mark. NULL whenever we're not emitting from the mark.
+  const char* _resume_pos;
+
+  // The character reference state uses a return state to return to the state
+  // it was invoked from.
+  GumboTokenizerEnum _return_state;
+
+  // Numeric character reference.
+  uint32_t _character_reference_code;
+
+  // Pointer to the beginning of the current token in the original buffer; used
+  // to record the original text.
+  const char* _token_start;
+
+  // GumboSourcePosition recording the source location of the start of the
+  // current token.
+  GumboSourcePosition _token_start_pos;
+
+  // Current tag state.
+  GumboTagState _tag_state;
+
+  // Doctype state. We use the temporary buffer to accumulate characters (it's
+  // not used for anything else in the doctype states), and then freshly
+  // allocate the strings in the doctype token, then copy it over on emit.
+  GumboTokenDocType _doc_type_state;
+
+  // The UTF8Iterator over the tokenizer input.
+  Utf8Iterator _input;
+} GumboTokenizerState;
+
+// Adds a parse error to the parser's error struct.
+static void tokenizer_add_parse_error (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboErrorType type
+) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+  GumboError* error = gumbo_add_error(parser);
+  if (!error) {
+    return;
+  }
+  const Utf8Iterator* input = &tokenizer->_input;
+  utf8iterator_get_position(input, &error->position);
+  error->original_text.data = utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(input);
+  error->original_text.length = utf8iterator_get_width(input);
+  error->type = type;
+  error->v.tokenizer.state = tokenizer->_state;
+  error->v.tokenizer.codepoint = utf8iterator_current(input);
+}
+
+// Adds an error pointing at the start of the character reference.
+static void tokenizer_add_char_ref_error (
+  struct GumboInternalParser* parser,
+  GumboErrorType type,
+  int codepoint
+) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+  GumboError* error = gumbo_add_error(parser);
+  if (!error)
+    return;
+  Utf8Iterator* input = &tokenizer->_input;
+  error->type = type;
+  error->position = utf8iterator_get_mark_position(input);
+  const char* mark = utf8iterator_get_mark_pointer(input);
+  error->original_text.data = mark;
+  error->original_text.length = utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(input) - mark;
+  error->v.tokenizer.state = tokenizer->_state;
+  error->v.tokenizer.codepoint = codepoint;
+}
+
+// Adds an error pointing at the start of the token.
+static void tokenizer_add_token_parse_error (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboErrorType type
+) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+  GumboError* error = gumbo_add_error(parser);
+  if (!error)
+    return;
+  Utf8Iterator* input = &tokenizer->_input;
+  error->type = type;
+  error->position = tokenizer->_token_start_pos;
+  error->original_text.data = tokenizer->_token_start;
+  error->original_text.length =
+    utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(input) - tokenizer->_token_start;
+  error->v.tokenizer.state = tokenizer->_state;
+  error->v.tokenizer.codepoint = 0;
+}
+
+static bool is_alpha(int c) {
+  return gumbo_ascii_isalpha(c);
+}
+
+static int ensure_lowercase(int c) {
+  return gumbo_ascii_tolower(c);
+}
+
+static GumboTokenType get_char_token_type(bool is_in_cdata, int c) {
+  if (is_in_cdata && c > 0) {
+    return GUMBO_TOKEN_CDATA;
+  }
+
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\t':
+    case '\n':
+    case '\r':
+    case '\f':
+    case ' ':
+      return GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE;
+    case 0:
+      gumbo_debug("Emitted null byte.\n");
+      return GUMBO_TOKEN_NULL;
+    case -1:
+      return GUMBO_TOKEN_EOF;
+    default:
+      return GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER;
+  }
+}
+
+// Starts recording characters in the temporary buffer.
+static void clear_temporary_buffer(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+  gumbo_string_buffer_clear(&tokenizer->_temporary_buffer);
+}
+
+// Appends a codepoint to the temporary buffer.
+static void append_char_to_temporary_buffer (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  int codepoint
+) {
+  gumbo_string_buffer_append_codepoint (
+   codepoint,
+   &parser->_tokenizer_state->_temporary_buffer
+  );
+}
+
+static void append_string_to_temporary_buffer (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  const GumboStringPiece* str
+) {
+  gumbo_string_buffer_append_string (
+    str,
+    &parser->_tokenizer_state->_temporary_buffer
+  );
+}
+
+
+static bool temporary_buffer_is_empty(const GumboParser* parser) {
+  return parser->_tokenizer_state->_temporary_buffer.length == 0;
+}
+
+static void doc_type_state_init(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboTokenDocType* doc_type_state =
+      &parser->_tokenizer_state->_doc_type_state;
+  // We initialize these to NULL here so that we don't end up leaking memory if
+  // we never see a doctype token. When we do see a doctype token, we reset
+  // them to a freshly-allocated empty string so that we can present a uniform
+  // interface to client code and not make them check for null. Ownership is
+  // transferred to the doctype token when it's emitted.
+  doc_type_state->name = NULL;
+  doc_type_state->public_identifier = NULL;
+  doc_type_state->system_identifier = NULL;
+  doc_type_state->force_quirks = false;
+  doc_type_state->has_public_identifier = false;
+  doc_type_state->has_system_identifier = false;
+}
+
+// Sets the token original_text and position to the current iterator position.
+// This is necessary because [CDATA[ sections may include text that is ignored
+// by the tokenizer.
+static void reset_token_start_point(GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer) {
+  tokenizer->_token_start = utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&tokenizer->_input);
+  utf8iterator_get_position(&tokenizer->_input, &tokenizer->_token_start_pos);
+}
+
+// Sets the tag buffer original text and start point to the current iterator
+// position. This is necessary because attribute names & values may have
+// whitespace preceeding them, and so we can't assume that the actual token
+// starting point was the end of the last tag buffer usage.
+static void reset_tag_buffer_start_point(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+  GumboTagState* tag_state = &tokenizer->_tag_state;
+
+  utf8iterator_get_position(&tokenizer->_input, &tag_state->_start_pos);
+  tag_state->_original_text = utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&tokenizer->_input);
+}
+
+// Moves the temporary buffer contents over to the specified output string,
+// and clears the temporary buffer.
+static void finish_temporary_buffer(GumboParser* parser, const char** output) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+  *output = gumbo_string_buffer_to_string(&tokenizer->_temporary_buffer);
+  clear_temporary_buffer(parser);
+}
+
+// Advances the iterator past the end of the token, and then fills in the
+// relevant position fields. It's assumed that after every emit, the tokenizer
+// will immediately return (letting the tree-construction stage read the filled
+// in Token). Thus, it's safe to advance the input stream here, since it will
+// bypass the advance at the bottom of the state machine loop.
+//
+// Since this advances the iterator and resets the current input, make sure to
+// call it after you've recorded any other data you need for the token.
+static void finish_token(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* token) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+  if (!tokenizer->_reconsume_current_input) {
+    utf8iterator_next(&tokenizer->_input);
+  }
+
+  token->position = tokenizer->_token_start_pos;
+  token->original_text.data = tokenizer->_token_start;
+  reset_token_start_point(tokenizer);
+  token->original_text.length =
+      tokenizer->_token_start - token->original_text.data;
+  if (token->original_text.length > 0 &&
+      token->original_text.data[token->original_text.length - 1] == '\r') {
+    // The UTF8 iterator will ignore carriage returns in the input stream, which
+    // means that the next token may start one past a \r character. The pointer
+    // arithmetic above results in that \r being appended to the original text
+    // of the preceding token, so we have to adjust its length here to chop the
+    // \r off.
+    --token->original_text.length;
+  }
+}
+
+// Records the doctype public ID, assumed to be in the temporary buffer.
+// Convenience method that also sets has_public_identifier to true.
+static void finish_doctype_public_id(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboTokenDocType* doc_type_state =
+      &parser->_tokenizer_state->_doc_type_state;
+  gumbo_free((void*) doc_type_state->public_identifier);
+  finish_temporary_buffer(parser, &doc_type_state->public_identifier);
+  doc_type_state->has_public_identifier = true;
+}
+
+// Records the doctype system ID, assumed to be in the temporary buffer.
+// Convenience method that also sets has_system_identifier to true.
+static void finish_doctype_system_id(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboTokenDocType* doc_type_state =
+      &parser->_tokenizer_state->_doc_type_state;
+  gumbo_free((void*) doc_type_state->system_identifier);
+  finish_temporary_buffer(parser, &doc_type_state->system_identifier);
+  doc_type_state->has_system_identifier = true;
+}
+
+// Writes a single specified character to the output token.
+static StateResult emit_char(GumboParser* parser, int c, GumboToken* output) {
+  output->type = get_char_token_type(parser->_tokenizer_state->_is_in_cdata, c);
+  output->v.character = c;
+  finish_token(parser, output);
+  return EMIT_TOKEN;
+}
+
+// Writes a replacement character token and records a parse error.
+// Always returns EMIT_TOKEN, per gumbo_lex return value.
+static StateResult emit_replacement_char(
+    GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* output) {
+  // In all cases, this is because of a null byte in the input stream.
+  tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+  emit_char(parser, kUtf8ReplacementChar, output);
+  return EMIT_TOKEN;
+}
+
+// Writes an EOF character token. Always returns EMIT_TOKEN.
+static StateResult emit_eof(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* output) {
+  return emit_char(parser, -1, output);
+}
+
+// Writes out a doctype token, copying it from the tokenizer state.
+static StateResult emit_doctype(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* output) {
+  output->type = GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE;
+  output->v.doc_type = parser->_tokenizer_state->_doc_type_state;
+  finish_token(parser, output);
+  doc_type_state_init(parser);
+  return EMIT_TOKEN;
+}
+
+// Debug-only function that explicitly sets the attribute vector data to NULL so
+// it can be asserted on tag creation, verifying that there are no memory leaks.
+static void mark_tag_state_as_empty(GumboTagState* tag_state) {
+  UNUSED_IF_NDEBUG(tag_state);
+  tag_state->_name = NULL;
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+  tag_state->_attributes = kGumboEmptyVector;
+#endif
+}
+
+// Writes out the current tag as a start or end tag token.
+// Always returns EMIT_TOKEN.
+static StateResult emit_current_tag(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* output) {
+  GumboTagState* tag_state = &parser->_tokenizer_state->_tag_state;
+  if (tag_state->_is_start_tag) {
+    output->type = GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG;
+    output->v.start_tag.tag = tag_state->_tag;
+    output->v.start_tag.name = tag_state->_name;
+    output->v.start_tag.attributes = tag_state->_attributes;
+    output->v.start_tag.is_self_closing = tag_state->_is_self_closing;
+    tag_state->_last_start_tag = tag_state->_tag;
+    mark_tag_state_as_empty(tag_state);
+    gumbo_debug(
+        "Emitted start tag %s.\n", gumbo_normalized_tagname(tag_state->_tag));
+  } else {
+    output->type = GUMBO_TOKEN_END_TAG;
+    output->v.end_tag.tag = tag_state->_tag;
+    output->v.end_tag.name = tag_state->_name;
+    if (tag_state->_is_self_closing)
+      tokenizer_add_token_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_END_TAG_WITH_TRAILING_SOLIDUS);
+    if (tag_state->_attributes.length > 0)
+      tokenizer_add_token_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_END_TAG_WITH_ATTRIBUTES);
+    // In end tags, ownership of the attributes vector is not transferred to the
+    // token, but it's still initialized as normal, so it must be manually
+    // deallocated. There may also be attributes to destroy, in certain broken
+    // cases like </div</th> (the "th" is an attribute there).
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tag_state->_attributes.length; ++i) {
+      gumbo_destroy_attribute(tag_state->_attributes.data[i]);
+    }
+    gumbo_free(tag_state->_attributes.data);
+    mark_tag_state_as_empty(tag_state);
+    gumbo_debug(
+        "Emitted end tag %s.\n", gumbo_normalized_tagname(tag_state->_tag));
+  }
+  gumbo_string_buffer_destroy(&tag_state->_buffer);
+  finish_token(parser, output);
+  gumbo_debug (
+    "Original text = %.*s.\n",
+    (int) output->original_text.length,
+    output->original_text.data
+  );
+  assert(output->original_text.length >= 2);
+  assert(output->original_text.data[0] == '<');
+  assert(output->original_text.data[output->original_text.length - 1] == '>');
+  return EMIT_TOKEN;
+}
+
+// In some states, we speculatively start a tag, but don't know whether it'll be
+// emitted as tag token or as a series of character tokens until we finish it.
+// We need to abandon the tag we'd started & free its memory in that case to
+// avoid a memory leak.
+static void abandon_current_tag(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboTagState* tag_state = &parser->_tokenizer_state->_tag_state;
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tag_state->_attributes.length; ++i) {
+    gumbo_destroy_attribute(tag_state->_attributes.data[i]);
+  }
+  gumbo_free(tag_state->_attributes.data);
+  mark_tag_state_as_empty(tag_state);
+  gumbo_string_buffer_destroy(&tag_state->_buffer);
+  gumbo_debug("Abandoning current tag.\n");
+}
+
+// Emits a comment token. Comments use the temporary buffer to accumulate their
+// data, and then it's copied over and released to the 'text' field of the
+// GumboToken union. Always returns EMIT_TOKEN.
+static StateResult emit_comment(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* output) {
+  output->type = GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT;
+  finish_temporary_buffer(parser, &output->v.text);
+  finish_token(parser, output);
+  return EMIT_TOKEN;
+}
+
+static void set_mark(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+  utf8iterator_mark(&tokenizer->_input);
+}
+
+// Checks to see we should be emitting characters from the mark, and fills the
+// output token with the next output character if so.
+// Returns EMIT_TOKEN if a character has been emitted and the tokenizer should
+// immediately return, CONTINUE if we should resume normal operation.
+static StateResult maybe_emit_from_mark (
+    GumboParser* parser,
+    GumboToken* output
+) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+  const char* pos = tokenizer->_resume_pos;
+
+  if (!pos)
+    return CONTINUE;
+  if (utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&tokenizer->_input) >= pos) {
+    tokenizer->_resume_pos = NULL;
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+
+  // emit_char advances the input stream. _reconsume_current_input should
+  // *never* be set when emitting from the mark since those characters have
+  // already been advanced past.
+  assert(!tokenizer->_reconsume_current_input);
+  return emit_char(parser, utf8iterator_current(&tokenizer->_input), output);
+}
+
+// Sets up the tokenizer to begin emitting from the mark up to, but not
+// including, the current code point. This resets the input iterator stream to
+// the mark, sets up _resume_pos, and then emits the first character in it.
+// Returns EMIT_TOKEN.
+static StateResult emit_from_mark(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* output) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+  tokenizer->_resume_pos = utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&tokenizer->_input);
+  utf8iterator_reset(&tokenizer->_input);
+  // Now that we have reset the input, we need to advance through it.
+  tokenizer->_reconsume_current_input = false;
+  StateResult result = maybe_emit_from_mark(parser, output);
+  assert(result == EMIT_TOKEN);
+  return result;
+}
+
+// Appends a codepoint to the current tag buffer. If
+// reinitilize_position_on_first is set, this also initializes the tag buffer
+// start point; the only time you would *not* want to pass true for this
+// parameter is if you want the original_text to include character (like an
+// opening quote) that doesn't appear in the value.
+static void append_char_to_tag_buffer (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  int codepoint,
+  bool reinitilize_position_on_first
+) {
+  GumboStringBuffer* buffer = &parser->_tokenizer_state->_tag_state._buffer;
+  if (buffer->length == 0 && reinitilize_position_on_first) {
+    reset_tag_buffer_start_point(parser);
+  }
+  gumbo_string_buffer_append_codepoint(codepoint, buffer);
+}
+
+// Like above but append a string.
+static void append_string_to_tag_buffer (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboStringPiece* str,
+  bool reinitilize_position_on_first
+) {
+  GumboStringBuffer* buffer = &parser->_tokenizer_state->_tag_state._buffer;
+  if (buffer->length == 0 && reinitilize_position_on_first) {
+    reset_tag_buffer_start_point(parser);
+  }
+  gumbo_string_buffer_append_string(str, buffer);
+}
+
+// (Re-)initialize the tag buffer. This also resets the original_text pointer
+// and _start_pos field to point to the current position.
+static void initialize_tag_buffer(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+  GumboTagState* tag_state = &tokenizer->_tag_state;
+
+  gumbo_string_buffer_init(&tag_state->_buffer);
+  reset_tag_buffer_start_point(parser);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#charref-in-attribute
+static bool character_reference_part_of_attribute(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+  switch (tokenizer->_return_state) {
+  case GUMBO_LEX_ATTR_VALUE_DOUBLE_QUOTED:
+  case GUMBO_LEX_ATTR_VALUE_SINGLE_QUOTED:
+  case GUMBO_LEX_ATTR_VALUE_UNQUOTED:
+    return true;
+  default:
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#flush-code-points-consumed-as-a-character-reference
+// For each code point in the temporary buffer, add to the current attribute
+// value if the character reference was consumed as part of an attribute or
+// emit the code point as a character token.
+static StateResult flush_code_points_consumed_as_character_reference (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+  if (character_reference_part_of_attribute(parser)) {
+    const char *start = utf8iterator_get_mark_pointer(&tokenizer->_input);
+    assert(start);
+    GumboStringPiece str = {
+      .data = start,
+      .length = utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&tokenizer->_input) - start,
+    };
+    bool unquoted = tokenizer->_return_state == GUMBO_LEX_ATTR_VALUE_UNQUOTED;
+    append_string_to_tag_buffer(parser, &str, unquoted);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  return emit_from_mark(parser, output);
+}
+
+// After a character reference has been successfully constructed, the standard
+// says to set the temporary buffer equal to the empty string, append the code
+// point(s) associated with the reference and flush code points consumed as a
+// character reference.
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#named-character-reference-state
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#numeric-character-reference-end-state
+// That doesn't work for us because we use the temporary buffer in lock step
+// with the input for position and that would fail if we inserted a different
+// number of code points. So duplicate a bit of the above logic.
+static StateResult flush_char_ref (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  int first,
+  int second,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+  if (character_reference_part_of_attribute(parser)) {
+    bool unquoted = tokenizer->_return_state == GUMBO_LEX_ATTR_VALUE_UNQUOTED;
+    append_char_to_tag_buffer(parser, first, unquoted);
+    if (second != kGumboNoChar)
+      append_char_to_tag_buffer(parser, second, unquoted);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  tokenizer->_buffered_emit_char = second;
+  return emit_char(parser, first, output);
+}
+
+
+// Initializes the tag_state to start a new tag, keeping track of the opening
+// positions and original text. Takes a boolean indicating whether this is a
+// start or end tag.
+static void start_new_tag(GumboParser* parser, bool is_start_tag) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+  GumboTagState* tag_state = &tokenizer->_tag_state;
+  int c = utf8iterator_current(&tokenizer->_input);
+  assert(is_alpha(c));
+  c = ensure_lowercase(c);
+  assert(is_alpha(c));
+
+  initialize_tag_buffer(parser);
+
+  assert(tag_state->_name == NULL);
+  assert(tag_state->_attributes.data == NULL);
+  // Initial size chosen by statistical analysis of a corpus of 60k webpages.
+  // 99.5% of elements have 0 attributes, 93% of the remainder have 1. These
+  // numbers are a bit higher for more modern websites (eg. ~45% = 0, ~40% = 1
+  // for the HTML5 Spec), but still have basically 99% of nodes with <= 2 attrs.
+  gumbo_vector_init(1, &tag_state->_attributes);
+  tag_state->_drop_next_attr_value = false;
+  tag_state->_is_start_tag = is_start_tag;
+  tag_state->_is_self_closing = false;
+  gumbo_debug("Starting new tag.\n");
+}
+
+// Fills in the specified char* with the contents of the tag buffer.
+static void copy_over_tag_buffer(GumboParser* parser, const char** output) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+  GumboTagState* tag_state = &tokenizer->_tag_state;
+  *output = gumbo_string_buffer_to_string(&tag_state->_buffer);
+}
+
+// Fills in:
+// * The original_text GumboStringPiece with the portion of the original
+// buffer that corresponds to the tag buffer.
+// * The start_pos GumboSourcePosition with the start position of the tag
+// buffer.
+// * The end_pos GumboSourcePosition with the current source position.
+static void copy_over_original_tag_text (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboStringPiece* original_text,
+  GumboSourcePosition* start_pos,
+  GumboSourcePosition* end_pos
+) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+  GumboTagState* tag_state = &tokenizer->_tag_state;
+
+  original_text->data = tag_state->_original_text;
+  original_text->length = utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&tokenizer->_input) -
+                          tag_state->_original_text;
+  if (
+    original_text->length
+    && original_text->data[original_text->length - 1] == '\r'
+  ) {
+    // Since \r is skipped by the UTF-8 iterator, it can sometimes end up
+    // appended to the end of original text even when it's really the first part
+    // of the next character. If we detect this situation, shrink the length of
+    // the original text by 1 to remove the carriage return.
+    --original_text->length;
+  }
+  *start_pos = tag_state->_start_pos;
+  utf8iterator_get_position(&tokenizer->_input, end_pos);
+}
+
+// Releases and then re-initializes the tag buffer.
+static void reinitialize_tag_buffer(GumboParser* parser) {
+  gumbo_free(parser->_tokenizer_state->_tag_state._buffer.data);
+  initialize_tag_buffer(parser);
+}
+
+// Moves some data from the temporary buffer over the the tag-based fields in
+// TagState.
+static void finish_tag_name(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+  GumboTagState* tag_state = &tokenizer->_tag_state;
+
+  const char *data = tag_state->_buffer.data;
+  size_t length = tag_state->_buffer.length;
+  tag_state->_tag = gumbo_tagn_enum(data, length);
+  if (tag_state->_tag == GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN) {
+    char *name = gumbo_alloc(length + 1);
+    memcpy(name, data, length);
+    name[length] = 0;
+    tag_state->_name = name;
+  }
+  reinitialize_tag_buffer(parser);
+}
+
+// Adds an ERR_DUPLICATE_ATTR parse error to the parser's error struct.
+static void add_duplicate_attr_error(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+  GumboError* error = gumbo_add_error(parser);
+  if (!error) {
+    return;
+  }
+  GumboTagState* tag_state = &parser->_tokenizer_state->_tag_state;
+  error->type = GUMBO_ERR_DUPLICATE_ATTRIBUTE;
+  error->position = tag_state->_start_pos;
+  error->original_text.data = tag_state->_original_text;
+  error->original_text.length =
+    utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&tokenizer->_input) - error->original_text.data;
+  error->v.tokenizer.state = tokenizer->_state;
+}
+
+// Creates a new attribute in the current tag, copying the current tag buffer to
+// the attribute's name. The attribute's value starts out as the empty string
+// (following the "Boolean attributes" section of the spec) and is only
+// overwritten on finish_attribute_value(). If the attribute has already been
+// specified, the new attribute is dropped and a parse error is added
+static void finish_attribute_name(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+  GumboTagState* tag_state = &tokenizer->_tag_state;
+  GumboVector* /* GumboAttribute* */ attributes = &tag_state->_attributes;
+
+  int max_attributes = parser->_options->max_attributes;
+  if (unlikely(max_attributes >= 0 && attributes->length >= (unsigned int) max_attributes)) {
+    parser->_output->status = GUMBO_STATUS_TOO_MANY_ATTRIBUTES;
+    gumbo_debug("Attributes limit exceeded.\n");
+    reinitialize_tag_buffer(parser);
+    tag_state->_drop_next_attr_value = true;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // May've been set by a previous attribute without a value; reset it here.
+  tag_state->_drop_next_attr_value = false;
+  assert(tag_state->_attributes.data);
+  assert(tag_state->_attributes.capacity);
+
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < attributes->length; ++i) {
+    GumboAttribute* attr = attributes->data[i];
+    if (
+      strlen(attr->name) == tag_state->_buffer.length
+      && 0 == memcmp (
+        attr->name,
+        tag_state->_buffer.data,
+        tag_state->_buffer.length
+      )
+    ) {
+      // Identical attribute; bail.
+      add_duplicate_attr_error(parser);
+      reinitialize_tag_buffer(parser);
+      tag_state->_drop_next_attr_value = true;
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+
+  GumboAttribute* attr = gumbo_alloc(sizeof(GumboAttribute));
+  attr->attr_namespace = GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_NONE;
+  copy_over_tag_buffer(parser, &attr->name);
+  copy_over_original_tag_text (
+    parser,
+    &attr->original_name,
+    &attr->name_start,
+    &attr->name_end
+  );
+  attr->value = gumbo_strdup("");
+  copy_over_original_tag_text (
+    parser,
+    &attr->original_value,
+    &attr->name_start,
+    &attr->name_end
+  );
+  gumbo_vector_add(attr, attributes);
+  reinitialize_tag_buffer(parser);
+}
+
+// Finishes an attribute value. This sets the value of the most recently added
+// attribute to the current contents of the tag buffer.
+static void finish_attribute_value(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboTagState* tag_state = &parser->_tokenizer_state->_tag_state;
+  if (tag_state->_drop_next_attr_value) {
+    // Duplicate attribute name detected in an earlier state, so we have to
+    // ignore the value.
+    tag_state->_drop_next_attr_value = false;
+    reinitialize_tag_buffer(parser);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  GumboAttribute* attr =
+      tag_state->_attributes.data[tag_state->_attributes.length - 1];
+  gumbo_free((void*) attr->value);
+  copy_over_tag_buffer(parser, &attr->value);
+  copy_over_original_tag_text(
+      parser, &attr->original_value, &attr->value_start, &attr->value_end);
+  reinitialize_tag_buffer(parser);
+}
+
+// Returns true if the current end tag matches the last start tag emitted.
+static bool is_appropriate_end_tag(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboTagState* tag_state = &parser->_tokenizer_state->_tag_state;
+  assert(!tag_state->_is_start_tag);
+  return tag_state->_last_start_tag != GUMBO_TAG_LAST &&
+         tag_state->_last_start_tag == gumbo_tagn_enum(tag_state->_buffer.data,
+                                           tag_state->_buffer.length);
+}
+
+void gumbo_tokenizer_state_init (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  const char* text,
+  size_t text_length
+) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = gumbo_alloc(sizeof(GumboTokenizerState));
+  parser->_tokenizer_state = tokenizer;
+  gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+  tokenizer->_return_state = GUMBO_LEX_DATA;
+  tokenizer->_character_reference_code = 0;
+  tokenizer->_reconsume_current_input = false;
+  tokenizer->_is_adjusted_current_node_foreign = false;
+  tokenizer->_is_in_cdata = false;
+  tokenizer->_tag_state._last_start_tag = GUMBO_TAG_LAST;
+  tokenizer->_tag_state._name = NULL;
+
+  tokenizer->_buffered_emit_char = kGumboNoChar;
+  gumbo_string_buffer_init(&tokenizer->_temporary_buffer);
+  tokenizer->_resume_pos = NULL;
+
+  mark_tag_state_as_empty(&tokenizer->_tag_state);
+
+  utf8iterator_init(parser, text, text_length, &tokenizer->_input);
+  utf8iterator_get_position(&tokenizer->_input, &tokenizer->_token_start_pos);
+  tokenizer->_token_start = utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&tokenizer->_input);
+  doc_type_state_init(parser);
+}
+
+void gumbo_tokenizer_state_destroy(GumboParser* parser) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+  assert(tokenizer->_doc_type_state.name == NULL);
+  assert(tokenizer->_doc_type_state.public_identifier == NULL);
+  assert(tokenizer->_doc_type_state.system_identifier == NULL);
+  gumbo_string_buffer_destroy(&tokenizer->_temporary_buffer);
+  assert(tokenizer->_tag_state._name == NULL);
+  assert(tokenizer->_tag_state._attributes.data == NULL);
+  gumbo_free(tokenizer);
+}
+
+void gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(GumboParser* parser, GumboTokenizerEnum state) {
+  parser->_tokenizer_state->_state = state;
+}
+
+void gumbo_tokenizer_set_is_adjusted_current_node_foreign (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  bool is_foreign
+) {
+  if (is_foreign != parser->_tokenizer_state->_is_adjusted_current_node_foreign) {
+    gumbo_debug (
+      "Toggling is_current_node_foreign to %s.\n",
+      is_foreign ? "true" : "false"
+    );
+  }
+  parser->_tokenizer_state->_is_adjusted_current_node_foreign = is_foreign;
+}
+
+static void reconsume_in_state(GumboParser* parser, GumboTokenizerEnum state) {
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+  tokenizer->_reconsume_current_input = true;
+  tokenizer->_state = state;
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#data-state
+static StateResult handle_data_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '&':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+      set_mark(parser);
+      tokenizer->_return_state = GUMBO_LEX_DATA;
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '<':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_TAG_OPEN);
+      set_mark(parser);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '\0':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+    case -1:
+      return emit_eof(parser, output);
+    default:
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#rcdata-state
+static StateResult handle_rcdata_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '&':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+      set_mark(parser);
+      tokenizer->_return_state = GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA;
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '<':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA_LT);
+      set_mark(parser);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '\0':
+      return emit_replacement_char(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      return emit_eof(parser, output);
+    default:
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#rawtext-state
+static StateResult handle_rawtext_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* UNUSED_ARG(tokenizer),
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '<':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT_LT);
+      set_mark(parser);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '\0':
+      return emit_replacement_char(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      return emit_eof(parser, output);
+    default:
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-state
+static StateResult handle_script_data_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* UNUSED_ARG(tokenizer),
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '<':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_LT);
+      set_mark(parser);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '\0':
+      return emit_replacement_char(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      return emit_eof(parser, output);
+    default:
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#plaintext-state
+static StateResult handle_plaintext_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* UNUSED_ARG(tokenizer),
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\0':
+      return emit_replacement_char(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      return emit_eof(parser, output);
+    default:
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#tag-open-state
+static StateResult handle_tag_open_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '!':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_MARKUP_DECLARATION_OPEN);
+      clear_temporary_buffer(parser);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '/':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_END_TAG_OPEN);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '?':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_QUESTION_MARK_INSTEAD_OF_TAG_NAME);
+      clear_temporary_buffer(parser);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BOGUS_COMMENT);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_BEFORE_TAG_NAME);
+      // Switch to data to emit EOF.
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_from_mark(parser, output);
+    default:
+      if (is_alpha(c)) {
+        reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_TAG_NAME);
+        start_new_tag(parser, true);
+        return CONTINUE;
+      }
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_INVALID_FIRST_CHARACTER_OF_TAG_NAME);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_from_mark(parser, output);
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#end-tag-open-state
+static StateResult handle_end_tag_open_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '>':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_END_TAG_NAME);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_BEFORE_TAG_NAME);
+      // Similar to the tag open state except we need to emit '<' and '/'
+      // before the EOF.
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_from_mark(parser, output);
+    default:
+      if (is_alpha(c)) {
+        reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_TAG_NAME);
+        start_new_tag(parser, false);
+      } else {
+        tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_INVALID_FIRST_CHARACTER_OF_TAG_NAME);
+        reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BOGUS_COMMENT);
+        clear_temporary_buffer(parser);
+      }
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#tag-name-state
+static StateResult handle_tag_name_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* UNUSED_ARG(tokenizer),
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\t':
+    case '\n':
+    case '\f':
+    case ' ':
+      finish_tag_name(parser);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_ATTR_NAME);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '/':
+      finish_tag_name(parser);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SELF_CLOSING_START_TAG);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      finish_tag_name(parser);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_current_tag(parser, output);
+    case '\0':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+      append_char_to_tag_buffer(parser, kUtf8ReplacementChar, true);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG);
+      abandon_current_tag(parser);
+      return emit_eof(parser, output);
+    default:
+      append_char_to_tag_buffer(parser, ensure_lowercase(c), true);
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#rcdata-less-than-sign-state
+static StateResult handle_rcdata_lt_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  if (c == '/') {
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA_END_TAG_OPEN);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  } else {
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+    return emit_from_mark(parser, output);
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#rcdata-end-tag-open-state
+static StateResult handle_rcdata_end_tag_open_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  if (is_alpha(c)) {
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA_END_TAG_NAME);
+    start_new_tag(parser, false);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  return emit_from_mark(parser, output);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#rcdata-end-tag-name-state
+static StateResult handle_rcdata_end_tag_name_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  UNUSED_IF_NDEBUG(tokenizer);
+  if (is_alpha(c)) {
+    append_char_to_tag_buffer(parser, ensure_lowercase(c), true);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  switch (c) {
+  case '\t':
+  case '\n':
+  case '\f':
+  case ' ':
+    if (is_appropriate_end_tag(parser)) {
+      finish_tag_name(parser);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_ATTR_NAME);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    }
+    break;
+  case '/':
+    if (is_appropriate_end_tag(parser)) {
+      finish_tag_name(parser);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SELF_CLOSING_START_TAG);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    }
+    break;
+  case '>':
+    if (is_appropriate_end_tag(parser)) {
+      finish_tag_name(parser);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_current_tag(parser, output);
+    }
+    break;
+  }
+  abandon_current_tag(parser);
+  reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  return emit_from_mark(parser, output);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#rawtext-less-than-sign-state
+static StateResult handle_rawtext_lt_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  if (c == '/') {
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT_END_TAG_OPEN);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  } else {
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+    return emit_from_mark(parser, output);
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#rawtext-end-tag-open-state
+static StateResult handle_rawtext_end_tag_open_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  if (is_alpha(c)) {
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT_END_TAG_NAME);
+    start_new_tag(parser, false);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  } else {
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+    return emit_from_mark(parser, output);
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#rawtext-end-tag-name-state
+static StateResult handle_rawtext_end_tag_name_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  if (is_alpha(c)) {
+    append_char_to_tag_buffer(parser, ensure_lowercase(c), true);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  switch (c) {
+  case '\t':
+  case '\n':
+  case '\f':
+  case ' ':
+    if (is_appropriate_end_tag(parser)) {
+      finish_tag_name(parser);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_ATTR_NAME);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    }
+    break;
+  case '/':
+    if (is_appropriate_end_tag(parser)) {
+      finish_tag_name(parser);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SELF_CLOSING_START_TAG);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    }
+    break;
+  case '>':
+    if (is_appropriate_end_tag(parser)) {
+      finish_tag_name(parser);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_current_tag(parser, output);
+    }
+    break;
+  }
+  abandon_current_tag(parser);
+  reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+  return emit_from_mark(parser, output);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-less-than-sign-state
+static StateResult handle_script_data_lt_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  if (c == '/') {
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_END_TAG_OPEN);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  if (c == '!') {
+    // This is the only place we don't reconsume the input before emitting the
+    // temporary buffer. Since the current position is stored and the current
+    // character is not emitted, we need to advance the input and then
+    // reconsume.
+    utf8iterator_next(&tokenizer->_input);
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_START);
+    return emit_from_mark(parser, output);
+  }
+  reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  return emit_from_mark(parser, output);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-end-tag-open-state
+static StateResult handle_script_data_end_tag_open_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  if (is_alpha(c)) {
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_END_TAG_NAME);
+    start_new_tag(parser, false);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  return emit_from_mark(parser, output);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-end-tag-name-state
+static StateResult handle_script_data_end_tag_name_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  if (is_alpha(c)) {
+    append_char_to_tag_buffer(parser, ensure_lowercase(c), true);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  switch (c) {
+  case '\t':
+  case '\n':
+  case '\f':
+  case ' ':
+    if (is_appropriate_end_tag(parser)) {
+      finish_tag_name(parser);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_ATTR_NAME);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    }
+    break;
+  case '/':
+    if (is_appropriate_end_tag(parser)) {
+      finish_tag_name(parser);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SELF_CLOSING_START_TAG);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    }
+    break;
+  case '>':
+    if (is_appropriate_end_tag(parser)) {
+      finish_tag_name(parser);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_current_tag(parser, output);
+    }
+    break;
+  }
+  abandon_current_tag(parser);
+  reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  return emit_from_mark(parser, output);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-escape-start-state
+static StateResult handle_script_data_escaped_start_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  if (c == '-') {
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_START_DASH);
+    return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+  }
+  reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  return CONTINUE;
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-escape-start-dash-state
+static StateResult handle_script_data_escaped_start_dash_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  if (c == '-') {
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_DASH_DASH);
+    return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+  } else {
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-escaped-state
+static StateResult handle_script_data_escaped_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* UNUSED_ARG(tokenizer),
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '-':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_DASH);
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+    case '<':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_LT);
+      clear_temporary_buffer(parser);
+      set_mark(parser);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '\0':
+      return emit_replacement_char(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_SCRIPT_HTML_COMMENT_LIKE_TEXT);
+      return emit_eof(parser, output);
+    default:
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-escaped-dash-state
+static StateResult handle_script_data_escaped_dash_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* UNUSED_ARG(tokenizer),
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '-':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_DASH_DASH);
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+    case '<':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_LT);
+      clear_temporary_buffer(parser);
+      set_mark(parser);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '\0':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED);
+      return emit_replacement_char(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_SCRIPT_HTML_COMMENT_LIKE_TEXT);
+      return emit_eof(parser, output);
+    default:
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED);
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-escaped-dash-dash-state
+static StateResult handle_script_data_escaped_dash_dash_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* UNUSED_ARG(tokenizer),
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '-':
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+    case '<':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_LT);
+      clear_temporary_buffer(parser);
+      set_mark(parser);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+    case '\0':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED);
+      return emit_replacement_char(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_SCRIPT_HTML_COMMENT_LIKE_TEXT);
+      return emit_eof(parser, output);
+    default:
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED);
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-escaped-less-than-sign-state
+static StateResult handle_script_data_escaped_lt_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  assert(temporary_buffer_is_empty(parser));
+  if (c == '/') {
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_END_TAG_OPEN);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  if (is_alpha(c)) {
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED_START);
+    return emit_from_mark(parser, output);
+  }
+  reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED);
+  return emit_from_mark(parser, output);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-escaped-end-tag-open-state
+static StateResult handle_script_data_escaped_end_tag_open_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  if (is_alpha(c)) {
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_END_TAG_NAME);
+    start_new_tag(parser, false);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED);
+  return emit_from_mark(parser, output);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-escaped-end-tag-name-state
+static StateResult handle_script_data_escaped_end_tag_name_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  if (is_alpha(c)) {
+    append_char_to_tag_buffer(parser, ensure_lowercase(c), true);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  switch (c) {
+  case '\t':
+  case '\n':
+  case '\f':
+  case ' ':
+    if (is_appropriate_end_tag(parser)) {
+      finish_tag_name(parser);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_ATTR_NAME);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    }
+    break;
+  case '/':
+    if (is_appropriate_end_tag(parser)) {
+      finish_tag_name(parser);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SELF_CLOSING_START_TAG);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    }
+    break;
+  case '>':
+    if (is_appropriate_end_tag(parser)) {
+      finish_tag_name(parser);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_current_tag(parser, output);
+    }
+    break;
+  }
+  abandon_current_tag(parser);
+  reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED);
+  return emit_from_mark(parser, output);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-double-escape-start-state
+static StateResult handle_script_data_double_escaped_start_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\t':
+    case '\n':
+    case '\f':
+    case ' ':
+    case '/':
+    case '>':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state (
+        parser,
+        gumbo_string_equals (
+          &kScriptTag,
+          (GumboStringPiece*) &tokenizer->_temporary_buffer
+        )
+        ? GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED
+        : GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED
+      );
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+  }
+  if (is_alpha(c)) {
+    append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, ensure_lowercase(c));
+    return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+  }
+  reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED);
+  return CONTINUE;
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-double-escaped-state
+static StateResult handle_script_data_double_escaped_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* UNUSED_ARG(tokenizer),
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '-':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED_DASH);
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+    case '<':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED_LT);
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+    case '\0':
+      return emit_replacement_char(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_SCRIPT_HTML_COMMENT_LIKE_TEXT);
+      return emit_eof(parser, output);
+    default:
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-double-escaped-dash-state
+static StateResult handle_script_data_double_escaped_dash_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* UNUSED_ARG(tokenizer),
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '-':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(
+          parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED_DASH_DASH);
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+    case '<':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED_LT);
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+    case '\0':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED);
+      return emit_replacement_char(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_SCRIPT_HTML_COMMENT_LIKE_TEXT);
+      return emit_eof(parser, output);
+    default:
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED);
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-double-escaped-dash-dash-state
+static StateResult handle_script_data_double_escaped_dash_dash_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* UNUSED_ARG(tokenizer),
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '-':
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+    case '<':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED_LT);
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+    case '>':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+    case '\0':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED);
+      return emit_replacement_char(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_SCRIPT_HTML_COMMENT_LIKE_TEXT);
+      return emit_eof(parser, output);
+    default:
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED);
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-double-escaped-less-than-sign-state
+static StateResult handle_script_data_double_escaped_lt_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  if (c == '/') {
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED_END);
+    clear_temporary_buffer(parser);
+    return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+  } else {
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-double-escape-end-state
+static StateResult handle_script_data_double_escaped_end_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\t':
+    case '\n':
+    case '\f':
+    case ' ':
+    case '/':
+    case '>':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(
+          parser, gumbo_string_equals(&kScriptTag,
+                      (GumboStringPiece*) &tokenizer->_temporary_buffer)
+                      ? GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED
+                      : GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED);
+      return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+  }
+  if (is_alpha(c)) {
+    append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, ensure_lowercase(c));
+    return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+  }
+  reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED);
+  return CONTINUE;
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#before-attribute-name-state
+static StateResult handle_before_attr_name_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\t':
+    case '\n':
+    case '\f':
+    case ' ':
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '/':
+    case '>':
+    case -1:
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_ATTR_NAME);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '=':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_EQUALS_SIGN_BEFORE_ATTRIBUTE_NAME);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_ATTR_NAME);
+      append_char_to_tag_buffer(parser, c, true);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    default:
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_ATTR_NAME);
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#attribute-name-state
+static StateResult handle_attr_name_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\t':
+    case '\n':
+    case '\f':
+    case ' ':
+    case '/':
+    case '>':
+    case -1:
+      finish_attribute_name(parser);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_ATTR_NAME);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '=':
+      finish_attribute_name(parser);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_ATTR_VALUE);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '\0':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+      append_char_to_tag_buffer(parser, kUtf8ReplacementChar, true);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '"':
+    case '\'':
+    case '<':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_CHARACTER_IN_ATTRIBUTE_NAME);
+    // Fall through.
+    default:
+      append_char_to_tag_buffer(parser, ensure_lowercase(c), true);
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#after-attribute-name-state
+static StateResult handle_after_attr_name_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\t':
+    case '\n':
+    case '\f':
+    case ' ':
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '/':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SELF_CLOSING_START_TAG);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '=':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_ATTR_VALUE);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_current_tag(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG);
+      abandon_current_tag(parser);
+      return emit_eof(parser, output);
+    default:
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_ATTR_NAME);
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#before-attribute-value-state
+static StateResult handle_before_attr_value_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\t':
+    case '\n':
+    case '\f':
+    case ' ':
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '"':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_ATTR_VALUE_DOUBLE_QUOTED);
+      reset_tag_buffer_start_point(parser);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '\'':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_ATTR_VALUE_SINGLE_QUOTED);
+      reset_tag_buffer_start_point(parser);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_current_tag(parser, output);
+  }
+  reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_ATTR_VALUE_UNQUOTED);
+  return CONTINUE;
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#attribute-value-double-quoted-state
+static StateResult handle_attr_value_double_quoted_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '"':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_ATTR_VALUE_QUOTED);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '&':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+      set_mark(parser);
+      tokenizer->_return_state = GUMBO_LEX_ATTR_VALUE_DOUBLE_QUOTED;
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '\0':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+      append_char_to_tag_buffer(parser, kUtf8ReplacementChar, false);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG);
+      abandon_current_tag(parser);
+      return emit_eof(parser, output);
+    default:
+      append_char_to_tag_buffer(parser, c, false);
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#attribute-value-single-quoted-state
+static StateResult handle_attr_value_single_quoted_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\'':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_ATTR_VALUE_QUOTED);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '&':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+      set_mark(parser);
+      tokenizer->_return_state = GUMBO_LEX_ATTR_VALUE_SINGLE_QUOTED;
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '\0':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+      append_char_to_tag_buffer(parser, kUtf8ReplacementChar, false);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG);
+      abandon_current_tag(parser);
+      return emit_eof(parser, output);
+    default:
+      append_char_to_tag_buffer(parser, c, false);
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#attribute-value-unquoted-state
+static StateResult handle_attr_value_unquoted_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\t':
+    case '\n':
+    case '\f':
+    case ' ':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_ATTR_NAME);
+      finish_attribute_value(parser);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '&':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+      set_mark(parser);
+      tokenizer->_return_state = GUMBO_LEX_ATTR_VALUE_UNQUOTED;
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      finish_attribute_value(parser);
+      return emit_current_tag(parser, output);
+    case '\0':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+      append_char_to_tag_buffer(parser, kUtf8ReplacementChar, true);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG);
+      abandon_current_tag(parser);
+      return emit_eof(parser, output);
+    case '"':
+    case '\'':
+    case '<':
+    case '=':
+    case '`':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_CHARACTER_IN_UNQUOTED_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE);
+    // Fall through.
+    default:
+      append_char_to_tag_buffer(parser, c, true);
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#after-attribute-value-quoted-state
+static StateResult handle_after_attr_value_quoted_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  finish_attribute_value(parser);
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\t':
+    case '\n':
+    case '\f':
+    case ' ':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_ATTR_NAME);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '/':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_SELF_CLOSING_START_TAG);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_current_tag(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG);
+      abandon_current_tag(parser);
+      return emit_eof(parser, output);
+    default:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_BETWEEN_ATTRIBUTES);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_ATTR_NAME);
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#self-closing-start-tag-state
+static StateResult handle_self_closing_start_tag_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '>':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_tag_state._is_self_closing = true;
+      return emit_current_tag(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG);
+      abandon_current_tag(parser);
+      return emit_eof(parser, output);
+    default:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_SOLIDUS_IN_TAG);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_ATTR_NAME);
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#bogus-comment-state
+static StateResult handle_bogus_comment_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+  case '>':
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+    return emit_comment(parser, output);
+  case -1:
+    // We need to emit the comment and then the EOF, so reconsume in data
+    // state.
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+    return emit_comment(parser, output);
+  case '\0':
+    tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+    append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, kUtf8ReplacementChar);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  default:
+    append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, c);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#markup-declaration-open-state
+static StateResult handle_markup_declaration_open_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int UNUSED_ARG(c),
+  GumboToken* UNUSED_ARG(output)
+) {
+  if (
+    utf8iterator_maybe_consume_match (
+      &tokenizer->_input,
+      "--",
+      sizeof("--") - 1,
+      /* case sensitive */ true
+    )
+  ) {
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_START);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  if (
+    utf8iterator_maybe_consume_match (
+      &tokenizer->_input,
+      "DOCTYPE",
+      sizeof("DOCTYPE") - 1,
+      /* case sensitive */ false
+    )
+  ) {
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE);
+    // If we get here, we know we'll eventually emit a doctype token, so now is
+    // the time to initialize the doctype strings. (Not in doctype_state_init,
+    // since then they'll leak if ownership never gets transferred to the
+    // doctype token.
+    tokenizer->_doc_type_state.name = gumbo_strdup("");
+    tokenizer->_doc_type_state.public_identifier = gumbo_strdup("");
+    tokenizer->_doc_type_state.system_identifier = gumbo_strdup("");
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  if (
+    utf8iterator_maybe_consume_match (
+      &tokenizer->_input,
+      "[CDATA[", sizeof("[CDATA[") - 1,
+      /* case sensitive */ true
+    )
+  ) {
+    if (tokenizer->_is_adjusted_current_node_foreign) {
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_CDATA_SECTION);
+      tokenizer->_is_in_cdata = true;
+      // Start the token after the <![CDATA[.
+      reset_token_start_point(tokenizer);
+    } else {
+      tokenizer_add_token_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_CDATA_IN_HTML_CONTENT);
+      clear_temporary_buffer(parser);
+      append_string_to_temporary_buffer (
+        parser,
+        &(const GumboStringPiece) { .data = "[CDATA[", .length = 7 }
+      );
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BOGUS_COMMENT);
+    }
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_INCORRECTLY_OPENED_COMMENT);
+  reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BOGUS_COMMENT);
+  clear_temporary_buffer(parser);
+  return CONTINUE;
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#comment-start-state
+static StateResult handle_comment_start_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* UNUSED_ARG(tokenizer),
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '-':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_START_DASH);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_ABRUPT_CLOSING_OF_EMPTY_COMMENT);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_comment(parser, output);
+    default:
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT);
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#comment-start-dash-state
+static StateResult handle_comment_start_dash_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* UNUSED_ARG(tokenizer),
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '-':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_END);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_ABRUPT_CLOSING_OF_EMPTY_COMMENT);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_comment(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_COMMENT);
+      // Switch to data to emit the EOF next.
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_comment(parser, output);
+    default:
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT);
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, '-');
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#comment-state
+static StateResult handle_comment_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* UNUSED_ARG(tokenizer),
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '<':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_LT);
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, c);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '-':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_END_DASH);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '\0':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, kUtf8ReplacementChar);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_COMMENT);
+      // Switch to data to emit the EOF token next.
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_comment(parser, output);
+    default:
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, c);
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#comment-less-than-sign-state
+static StateResult handle_comment_lt_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* UNUSED_ARG(tokenizer),
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+  case '!':
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_LT_BANG);
+    append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, c);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  case '<':
+    append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, c);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  default:
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#comment-less-than-sign-bang-state
+static StateResult handle_comment_lt_bang_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* UNUSED_ARG(tokenizer),
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+  case '-':
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_LT_BANG_DASH);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  default:
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#comment-less-than-sign-bang-dash-state
+static StateResult handle_comment_lt_bang_dash_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* UNUSED_ARG(tokenizer),
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+  case '-':
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_LT_BANG_DASH_DASH);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  default:
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_END_DASH);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#comment-less-than-sign-bang-dash-dash-state
+static StateResult handle_comment_lt_bang_dash_dash_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* UNUSED_ARG(tokenizer),
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+  case '>':
+  case -1:
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_END);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  default:
+    tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_NESTED_COMMENT);
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_END);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#comment-end-dash-state
+static StateResult handle_comment_end_dash_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* UNUSED_ARG(tokenizer),
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+  case '-':
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_END);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  case -1:
+    tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_COMMENT);
+    // Switch to data to emit EOF next.
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+    return emit_comment(parser, output);
+  default:
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT);
+    append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, '-');
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#comment-end-state
+static StateResult handle_comment_end_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* UNUSED_ARG(tokenizer),
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '>':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_comment(parser, output);
+    case '!':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_END_BANG);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '-':
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, '-');
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_COMMENT);
+      // Switch to data to emit EOF next.
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_comment(parser, output);
+    default:
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT);
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, '-');
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, '-');
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#comment-end-bang-state
+static StateResult handle_comment_end_bang_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* UNUSED_ARG(tokenizer),
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '-':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_END_DASH);
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, '-');
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, '-');
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, '!');
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_INCORRECTLY_CLOSED_COMMENT);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_comment(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_COMMENT);
+      // Switch to data to emit EOF next.
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_comment(parser, output);
+    default:
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT);
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, '-');
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, '-');
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, '!');
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#doctype-state
+static StateResult handle_doctype_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  assert(temporary_buffer_is_empty(parser));
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\t':
+    case '\n':
+    case '\f':
+    case ' ':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_NAME);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_NAME);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      // Switch to data to emit EOF next.
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    default:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_NAME);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_NAME);
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#before-doctype-name-state
+static StateResult handle_before_doctype_name_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\t':
+    case '\n':
+    case '\f':
+    case ' ':
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '\0':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_NAME);
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, kUtf8ReplacementChar);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_DOCTYPE_NAME);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      // Switch to data to emit EOF next.
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    default:
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_NAME);
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, ensure_lowercase(c));
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#doctype-name-state
+static StateResult handle_doctype_name_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\t':
+    case '\n':
+    case '\f':
+    case ' ':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_DOCTYPE_NAME);
+      gumbo_free((void*) tokenizer->_doc_type_state.name);
+      finish_temporary_buffer(parser, &tokenizer->_doc_type_state.name);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      gumbo_free((void*) tokenizer->_doc_type_state.name);
+      finish_temporary_buffer(parser, &tokenizer->_doc_type_state.name);
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    case '\0':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, kUtf8ReplacementChar);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      gumbo_free((void*) tokenizer->_doc_type_state.name);
+      finish_temporary_buffer(parser, &tokenizer->_doc_type_state.name);
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    default:
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, ensure_lowercase(c));
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#after-doctype-name-state
+static StateResult handle_after_doctype_name_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\t':
+    case '\n':
+    case '\f':
+    case ' ':
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    default:
+      if (utf8iterator_maybe_consume_match(
+              &tokenizer->_input, "PUBLIC", sizeof("PUBLIC") - 1, false)) {
+        reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_KEYWORD);
+      } else if (utf8iterator_maybe_consume_match(&tokenizer->_input, "SYSTEM",
+                     sizeof("SYSTEM") - 1, false)) {
+        reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_KEYWORD);
+      } else {
+        tokenizer_add_parse_error(
+            parser, GUMBO_ERR_INVALID_CHARACTER_SEQUENCE_AFTER_DOCTYPE_NAME);
+        reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BOGUS_DOCTYPE);
+        tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      }
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#after-doctype-public-keyword-state
+static StateResult handle_after_doctype_public_keyword_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\t':
+    case '\n':
+    case '\f':
+    case ' ':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_ID);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '"':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_AFTER_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_KEYWORD);
+      assert(temporary_buffer_is_empty(parser));
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(
+          parser, GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_ID_DOUBLE_QUOTED);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '\'':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_AFTER_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_KEYWORD);
+      assert(temporary_buffer_is_empty(parser));
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(
+          parser, GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_ID_SINGLE_QUOTED);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTIFIER);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    default:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_QUOTE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTIFIER);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BOGUS_DOCTYPE);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#before-doctype-public-identifier-state
+static StateResult handle_before_doctype_public_id_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\t':
+    case '\n':
+    case '\f':
+    case ' ':
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '"':
+      assert(temporary_buffer_is_empty(parser));
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(
+          parser, GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_ID_DOUBLE_QUOTED);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '\'':
+      assert(temporary_buffer_is_empty(parser));
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(
+          parser, GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_ID_SINGLE_QUOTED);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTIFIER);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    default:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_QUOTE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTIFIER);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BOGUS_DOCTYPE);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#doctype-public-identifier-(double-quoted)-state
+static StateResult handle_doctype_public_id_double_quoted_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '"':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_ID);
+      finish_doctype_public_id(parser);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '\0':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, kUtf8ReplacementChar);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_ABRUPT_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTIFIER);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      finish_doctype_public_id(parser);
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      finish_doctype_public_id(parser);
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    default:
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, c);
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#doctype-public-identifier-(single-quoted)-state
+static StateResult handle_doctype_public_id_single_quoted_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\'':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_ID);
+      finish_doctype_public_id(parser);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '\0':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, kUtf8ReplacementChar);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_ABRUPT_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTIFIER);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      finish_doctype_public_id(parser);
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      finish_doctype_public_id(parser);
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    default:
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, c);
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#after-doctype-public-identifier-state
+static StateResult handle_after_doctype_public_id_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\t':
+    case '\n':
+    case '\f':
+    case ' ':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(
+          parser, GUMBO_LEX_BETWEEN_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_SYSTEM_ID);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    case '"':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error (
+        parser,
+        GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_BETWEEN_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_AND_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIERS
+      );
+      assert(temporary_buffer_is_empty(parser));
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(
+          parser, GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_ID_DOUBLE_QUOTED);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '\'':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error (
+        parser,
+        GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_BETWEEN_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_AND_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIERS
+      );
+      assert(temporary_buffer_is_empty(parser));
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(
+          parser, GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_ID_SINGLE_QUOTED);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    default:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_QUOTE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BOGUS_DOCTYPE);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#between-doctype-public-and-system-identifiers-state
+static StateResult handle_between_doctype_public_system_id_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\t':
+    case '\n':
+    case '\f':
+    case ' ':
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    case '"':
+      assert(temporary_buffer_is_empty(parser));
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(
+          parser, GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_ID_DOUBLE_QUOTED);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '\'':
+      assert(temporary_buffer_is_empty(parser));
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(
+          parser, GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_ID_SINGLE_QUOTED);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    default:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_QUOTE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BOGUS_DOCTYPE);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#after-doctype-system-keyword-state
+static StateResult handle_after_doctype_system_keyword_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\t':
+    case '\n':
+    case '\f':
+    case ' ':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_ID);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '"':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_AFTER_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_KEYWORD);
+      assert(temporary_buffer_is_empty(parser));
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(
+          parser, GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_ID_DOUBLE_QUOTED);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '\'':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_AFTER_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_KEYWORD);
+      assert(temporary_buffer_is_empty(parser));
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(
+          parser, GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_ID_SINGLE_QUOTED);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    default:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_QUOTE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BOGUS_DOCTYPE);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#before-doctype-system-identifier-state
+static StateResult handle_before_doctype_system_id_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\t':
+    case '\n':
+    case '\f':
+    case ' ':
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '"':
+      assert(temporary_buffer_is_empty(parser));
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(
+          parser, GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_ID_DOUBLE_QUOTED);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '\'':
+      assert(temporary_buffer_is_empty(parser));
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(
+          parser, GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_ID_SINGLE_QUOTED);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    default:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_QUOTE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BOGUS_DOCTYPE);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#doctype-system-identifier-(double-quoted)-state
+static StateResult handle_doctype_system_id_double_quoted_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '"':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_ID);
+      finish_doctype_system_id(parser);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '\0':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, kUtf8ReplacementChar);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_ABRUPT_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      finish_doctype_system_id(parser);
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      finish_doctype_system_id(parser);
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    default:
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, c);
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#doctype-system-identifier-(single-quoted)-state
+static StateResult handle_doctype_system_id_single_quoted_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\'':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_ID);
+      finish_doctype_system_id(parser);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '\0':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, kUtf8ReplacementChar);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_ABRUPT_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER);
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      finish_doctype_system_id(parser);
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      finish_doctype_system_id(parser);
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    default:
+      append_char_to_temporary_buffer(parser, c);
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#after-doctype-system-identifier-state
+static StateResult handle_after_doctype_system_id_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+    case '\t':
+    case '\n':
+    case '\f':
+    case ' ':
+      return CONTINUE;
+    case '>':
+      gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    case -1:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+      tokenizer->_doc_type_state.force_quirks = true;
+      return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+    default:
+      tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_CHARACTER_AFTER_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER);
+      reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_BOGUS_DOCTYPE);
+      return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#bogus-doctype-state
+static StateResult handle_bogus_doctype_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* UNUSED_ARG(tokenizer),
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+  case '>':
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+    return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+  case '\0':
+    tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  case -1:
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+    return emit_doctype(parser, output);
+  default:
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#cdata-section-state
+static StateResult handle_cdata_section_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+  case ']':
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_CDATA_SECTION_BRACKET);
+    set_mark(parser);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  case -1:
+    tokenizer_add_parse_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_CDATA);
+    return emit_eof(parser, output);
+  default:
+    return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#cdata-section-bracket-state
+static StateResult handle_cdata_section_bracket_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+  case ']':
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_CDATA_SECTION_END);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  default:
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_CDATA_SECTION);
+    // Emit the ].
+    return emit_from_mark(parser, output);
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#cdata-section-end-state
+static StateResult handle_cdata_section_end_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  switch (c) {
+  case ']':
+  {
+    // XXX: This is terrible. We want to emit a ] corresponding to the first
+    // of the three in a row we've seen. So let's emit one token from the
+    // temporary buffer (which will rewind 3 characters, emit the ] and
+    // advance one). Next, let's clear the temporary buffer which will set the
+    // mark to the middle of the three brackets. Finally, let's move to the
+    // appropriate state.
+    StateResult result = emit_from_mark(parser, output);
+    tokenizer->_resume_pos = NULL;
+    set_mark(parser);
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_CDATA_SECTION);
+    return result;
+  }
+  case '>':
+    // We're done with CDATA so move past the >, reset the token start point
+    // to point after the >, and then reconsume in the data state.
+    utf8iterator_next(&tokenizer->_input);
+    reset_token_start_point(tokenizer);
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DATA);
+    tokenizer->_is_in_cdata = false;
+    return CONTINUE;
+  default:
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_CDATA_SECTION);
+    return emit_from_mark(parser, output);
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#character-reference-state
+static StateResult handle_character_reference_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  if (gumbo_ascii_isalnum(c)) {
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_NAMED_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  if (c == '#') {
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  reconsume_in_state(parser, tokenizer->_return_state);
+  return flush_code_points_consumed_as_character_reference(parser, output);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#named-character-reference-state
+static StateResult handle_named_character_reference_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  const char *cur = utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&tokenizer->_input);
+  const char *end = utf8iterator_get_end_pointer(&tokenizer->_input);
+  int code_point[2];
+  size_t size = match_named_char_ref(cur, end - cur, code_point);
+
+  if (size > 0) {
+    utf8iterator_maybe_consume_match(&tokenizer->_input, cur, size, true);
+    int next = utf8iterator_current(&tokenizer->_input);
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, tokenizer->_return_state);
+    if (character_reference_part_of_attribute(parser)
+        && cur[size-1] != ';'
+        && (next == '=' || gumbo_ascii_isalnum(next))) {
+      GumboStringPiece str = { .data = cur, .length = size };
+      append_string_to_temporary_buffer(parser, &str);
+      return flush_code_points_consumed_as_character_reference(parser, output);
+    }
+    if (cur[size-1] != ';')
+      tokenizer_add_char_ref_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE, -1);
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, tokenizer->_return_state);
+    return flush_char_ref(parser, code_point[0], code_point[1], output);
+  }
+  reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_AMBIGUOUS_AMPERSAND);
+  return flush_code_points_consumed_as_character_reference(parser, output);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#ambiguous-ampersand-state
+static StateResult handle_ambiguous_ampersand_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  if (gumbo_ascii_isalnum(c)) {
+    if (character_reference_part_of_attribute(parser)) {
+      append_char_to_tag_buffer(parser, c, true);
+      return CONTINUE;
+    }
+    return emit_char(parser, c, output);
+  }
+  if (c == ';') {
+      tokenizer_add_char_ref_error(parser, GUMBO_ERR_UNKNOWN_NAMED_CHARACTER_REFERENCE, -1);
+    // fall through
+  }
+  reconsume_in_state(parser, tokenizer->_return_state);
+  return CONTINUE;
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#numeric-character-reference-state
+static StateResult handle_numeric_character_reference_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  tokenizer->_character_reference_code = 0;
+  switch (c) {
+  case 'x':
+  case 'X':
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_HEXADECIMAL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_START);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  default:
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DECIMAL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_START);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#hexademical-character-reference-start-state
+static StateResult handle_hexadecimal_character_reference_start_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  if (gumbo_ascii_isxdigit(c)) {
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_HEXADECIMAL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  tokenizer_add_char_ref_error (
+    parser,
+    GUMBO_ERR_ABSENCE_OF_DIGITS_IN_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE,
+    -1
+  );
+  reconsume_in_state(parser, tokenizer->_return_state);
+  return flush_code_points_consumed_as_character_reference(parser, output);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#decimal-character-reference-start-state
+static StateResult handle_decimal_character_reference_start_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  if (gumbo_ascii_isdigit(c)) {
+    reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_DECIMAL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  tokenizer_add_char_ref_error (
+    parser,
+    GUMBO_ERR_ABSENCE_OF_DIGITS_IN_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE,
+    -1
+  );
+  reconsume_in_state(parser, tokenizer->_return_state);
+  return flush_code_points_consumed_as_character_reference(parser, output);
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#hexademical-character-reference-state
+static StateResult handle_hexadecimal_character_reference_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  if (gumbo_ascii_isdigit(c)) {
+    tokenizer->_character_reference_code =
+      tokenizer->_character_reference_code * 16 + (c - 0x0030);
+    if (tokenizer->_character_reference_code > kUtf8MaxChar)
+      tokenizer->_character_reference_code = kUtf8MaxChar+1;
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  if (gumbo_ascii_isupper_xdigit(c)) {
+    tokenizer->_character_reference_code =
+      tokenizer->_character_reference_code * 16 + (c - 0x0037);
+    if (tokenizer->_character_reference_code > kUtf8MaxChar)
+      tokenizer->_character_reference_code = kUtf8MaxChar+1;
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  if (gumbo_ascii_islower_xdigit(c)) {
+    tokenizer->_character_reference_code =
+      tokenizer->_character_reference_code * 16 + (c - 0x0057);
+    if (tokenizer->_character_reference_code > kUtf8MaxChar)
+      tokenizer->_character_reference_code = kUtf8MaxChar+1;
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  if (c == ';') {
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_END);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  tokenizer_add_char_ref_error(
+    parser,
+    GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE,
+    tokenizer->_character_reference_code
+  );
+  reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_END);
+  return CONTINUE;
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#decimal-character-reference-state
+static StateResult handle_decimal_character_reference_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  if (gumbo_ascii_isdigit(c)) {
+    tokenizer->_character_reference_code =
+      tokenizer->_character_reference_code * 10 + (c - 0x0030);
+    if (tokenizer->_character_reference_code > kUtf8MaxChar)
+      tokenizer->_character_reference_code = kUtf8MaxChar+1;
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  if (c == ';') {
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_END);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+  tokenizer_add_char_ref_error(
+    parser,
+    GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE,
+    tokenizer->_character_reference_code
+  );
+  reconsume_in_state(parser, GUMBO_LEX_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_END);
+  return CONTINUE;
+}
+
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#numeric-character-reference-end-state
+static StateResult handle_numeric_character_reference_end_state (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+) {
+  c = tokenizer->_character_reference_code;
+  if (c == 0) {
+    tokenizer_add_char_ref_error(
+      parser,
+      GUMBO_ERR_NULL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE,
+      c
+    );
+    c = kUtf8ReplacementChar;
+  } else if (c > kUtf8MaxChar) {
+    tokenizer_add_char_ref_error(
+      parser,
+      GUMBO_ERR_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_OUTSIDE_UNICODE_RANGE,
+      c
+    );
+    c = kUtf8ReplacementChar;
+  } else if (utf8_is_surrogate(c)) {
+    tokenizer_add_char_ref_error(
+      parser,
+      GUMBO_ERR_SURROGATE_CHARACTER_REFERENCE,
+      c
+    );
+    c = kUtf8ReplacementChar;
+  } else if (utf8_is_noncharacter(c)) {
+    tokenizer_add_char_ref_error(
+      parser,
+      GUMBO_ERR_NONCHARACTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE,
+      c
+    );
+  } else if (c == 0x0D || (utf8_is_control(c) && !gumbo_ascii_isspace(c))) {
+    tokenizer_add_char_ref_error(
+      parser,
+      GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE,
+      c
+    );
+    switch (c) {
+    case 0x80: c = 0x20AC; break;
+    case 0x82: c = 0x201A; break;
+    case 0x83: c = 0x0192; break;
+    case 0x84: c = 0x201E; break;
+    case 0x85: c = 0x2026; break;
+    case 0x86: c = 0x2020; break;
+    case 0x87: c = 0x2021; break;
+    case 0x88: c = 0x02C6; break;
+    case 0x89: c = 0x2030; break;
+    case 0x8A: c = 0x0160; break;
+    case 0x8B: c = 0x2039; break;
+    case 0x8C: c = 0x0152; break;
+    case 0x8E: c = 0x017D; break;
+    case 0x91: c = 0x2018; break;
+    case 0x92: c = 0x2019; break;
+    case 0x93: c = 0x201C; break;
+    case 0x94: c = 0x201D; break;
+    case 0x95: c = 0x2022; break;
+    case 0x96: c = 0x2013; break;
+    case 0x97: c = 0x2014; break;
+    case 0x98: c = 0x02DC; break;
+    case 0x99: c = 0x2122; break;
+    case 0x9A: c = 0x0161; break;
+    case 0x9B: c = 0x203A; break;
+    case 0x9C: c = 0x0153; break;
+    case 0x9E: c = 0x017E; break;
+    case 0x9F: c = 0x0178; break;
+    }
+  }
+  reconsume_in_state(parser, tokenizer->_return_state);
+  return flush_char_ref(parser, c, kGumboNoChar, output);
+}
+
+typedef StateResult (*GumboLexerStateFunction) (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer,
+  int c,
+  GumboToken* output
+);
+
+static GumboLexerStateFunction dispatch_table[] = {
+  [GUMBO_LEX_DATA] = handle_data_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA] = handle_rcdata_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT] = handle_rawtext_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA] = handle_script_data_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_PLAINTEXT] = handle_plaintext_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_TAG_OPEN] = handle_tag_open_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_END_TAG_OPEN] = handle_end_tag_open_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_TAG_NAME] = handle_tag_name_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA_LT] = handle_rcdata_lt_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA_END_TAG_OPEN] = handle_rcdata_end_tag_open_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA_END_TAG_NAME] = handle_rcdata_end_tag_name_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT_LT] = handle_rawtext_lt_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT_END_TAG_OPEN] = handle_rawtext_end_tag_open_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT_END_TAG_NAME] = handle_rawtext_end_tag_name_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_LT] = handle_script_data_lt_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_END_TAG_OPEN] = handle_script_data_end_tag_open_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_END_TAG_NAME] = handle_script_data_end_tag_name_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_START] = handle_script_data_escaped_start_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_START_DASH] = handle_script_data_escaped_start_dash_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED] = handle_script_data_escaped_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_DASH] = handle_script_data_escaped_dash_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_DASH_DASH] = handle_script_data_escaped_dash_dash_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_LT] = handle_script_data_escaped_lt_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_END_TAG_OPEN] = handle_script_data_escaped_end_tag_open_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_END_TAG_NAME] = handle_script_data_escaped_end_tag_name_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED_START] = handle_script_data_double_escaped_start_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED] = handle_script_data_double_escaped_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED_DASH] = handle_script_data_double_escaped_dash_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED_DASH_DASH] = handle_script_data_double_escaped_dash_dash_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED_LT] = handle_script_data_double_escaped_lt_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED_END] = handle_script_data_double_escaped_end_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_ATTR_NAME] = handle_before_attr_name_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_ATTR_NAME] = handle_attr_name_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_ATTR_NAME] = handle_after_attr_name_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_ATTR_VALUE] = handle_before_attr_value_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_ATTR_VALUE_DOUBLE_QUOTED] = handle_attr_value_double_quoted_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_ATTR_VALUE_SINGLE_QUOTED] = handle_attr_value_single_quoted_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_ATTR_VALUE_UNQUOTED] = handle_attr_value_unquoted_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_ATTR_VALUE_QUOTED] = handle_after_attr_value_quoted_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_SELF_CLOSING_START_TAG] = handle_self_closing_start_tag_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_BOGUS_COMMENT] = handle_bogus_comment_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_MARKUP_DECLARATION_OPEN] = handle_markup_declaration_open_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_START] = handle_comment_start_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_START_DASH] = handle_comment_start_dash_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT] = handle_comment_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_LT] = handle_comment_lt_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_LT_BANG] = handle_comment_lt_bang_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_LT_BANG_DASH] = handle_comment_lt_bang_dash_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_LT_BANG_DASH_DASH] = handle_comment_lt_bang_dash_dash_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_END_DASH] = handle_comment_end_dash_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_END] = handle_comment_end_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_END_BANG] = handle_comment_end_bang_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE] = handle_doctype_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_NAME] = handle_before_doctype_name_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_NAME] = handle_doctype_name_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_DOCTYPE_NAME] = handle_after_doctype_name_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_KEYWORD] = handle_after_doctype_public_keyword_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_ID] = handle_before_doctype_public_id_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_ID_DOUBLE_QUOTED] = handle_doctype_public_id_double_quoted_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_ID_SINGLE_QUOTED] = handle_doctype_public_id_single_quoted_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_ID] = handle_after_doctype_public_id_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_BETWEEN_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_SYSTEM_ID] = handle_between_doctype_public_system_id_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_KEYWORD] = handle_after_doctype_system_keyword_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_ID] = handle_before_doctype_system_id_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_ID_DOUBLE_QUOTED] = handle_doctype_system_id_double_quoted_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_ID_SINGLE_QUOTED] = handle_doctype_system_id_single_quoted_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_ID] = handle_after_doctype_system_id_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_BOGUS_DOCTYPE] = handle_bogus_doctype_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_CDATA_SECTION] = handle_cdata_section_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_CDATA_SECTION_BRACKET] = handle_cdata_section_bracket_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_CDATA_SECTION_END] = handle_cdata_section_end_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_CHARACTER_REFERENCE] = handle_character_reference_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_NAMED_CHARACTER_REFERENCE] = handle_named_character_reference_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_AMBIGUOUS_AMPERSAND] = handle_ambiguous_ampersand_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE] = handle_numeric_character_reference_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_HEXADECIMAL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_START] = handle_hexadecimal_character_reference_start_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_DECIMAL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_START] = handle_decimal_character_reference_start_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_HEXADECIMAL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE] = handle_hexadecimal_character_reference_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_DECIMAL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE] = handle_decimal_character_reference_state,
+  [GUMBO_LEX_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_END] = handle_numeric_character_reference_end_state,
+};
+
+void gumbo_lex(GumboParser* parser, GumboToken* output) {
+  // Because of the spec requirements that...
+  //
+  // 1. Tokens be handled immediately by the parser upon emission.
+  // 2. Some states (eg. CDATA, or various error conditions) require the
+  // emission of multiple tokens in the same states.
+  // 3. The tokenizer often has to reconsume the same character in a different
+  // state.
+  //
+  // ...all state must be held in the GumboTokenizer struct instead of in local
+  // variables in this function. That allows us to return from this method with
+  // a token, and then immediately jump back to the same state with the same
+  // input if we need to return a different token. The various emit_* functions
+  // are responsible for changing state (eg. flushing the chardata buffer,
+  // reading the next input character) to avoid an infinite loop.
+  GumboTokenizerState* tokenizer = parser->_tokenizer_state;
+
+  if (tokenizer->_buffered_emit_char != kGumboNoChar) {
+    tokenizer->_reconsume_current_input = true;
+    emit_char(parser, tokenizer->_buffered_emit_char, output);
+    // And now that we've avoided advancing the input, make sure we set
+    // _reconsume_current_input back to false to make sure the *next* character
+    // isn't consumed twice.
+    tokenizer->_reconsume_current_input = false;
+    tokenizer->_buffered_emit_char = kGumboNoChar;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (maybe_emit_from_mark(parser, output) == EMIT_TOKEN) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  while (1) {
+    assert(!tokenizer->_resume_pos);
+    assert(tokenizer->_buffered_emit_char == kGumboNoChar);
+    int c = utf8iterator_current(&tokenizer->_input);
+    GumboTokenizerEnum state = tokenizer->_state;
+    gumbo_debug("Lexing character '%c' (%d) in state %u.\n", c, c, state);
+    StateResult result = dispatch_table[state](parser, tokenizer, c, output);
+    // We need to clear reconsume_current_input before returning to prevent
+    // certain infinite loop states.
+    bool should_advance = !tokenizer->_reconsume_current_input;
+    tokenizer->_reconsume_current_input = false;
+
+    if (result == EMIT_TOKEN)
+      return;
+
+    if (should_advance) {
+      utf8iterator_next(&tokenizer->_input);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void gumbo_token_destroy(GumboToken* token) {
+  if (!token) return;
+
+  switch (token->type) {
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE:
+      gumbo_free((void*) token->v.doc_type.name);
+      gumbo_free((void*) token->v.doc_type.public_identifier);
+      gumbo_free((void*) token->v.doc_type.system_identifier);
+      return;
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG:
+      for (unsigned int i = 0; i < token->v.start_tag.attributes.length; ++i) {
+        GumboAttribute* attr = token->v.start_tag.attributes.data[i];
+        if (attr) {
+          // May have been nulled out if this token was merged with another.
+          gumbo_destroy_attribute(attr);
+        }
+      }
+      gumbo_free((void*) token->v.start_tag.attributes.data);
+      if (token->v.start_tag.tag == GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN) {
+        gumbo_free(token->v.start_tag.name);
+        token->v.start_tag.name = NULL;
+      }
+      return;
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_END_TAG:
+      if (token->v.end_tag.tag == GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN) {
+        gumbo_free(token->v.end_tag.name);
+        token->v.end_tag.name = NULL;
+      }
+      break;
+    case GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT:
+      gumbo_free((void*) token->v.text);
+      return;
+    default:
+      return;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/tokenizer.h b/gumbo-parser/src/tokenizer.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3126c509f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/tokenizer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+#ifndef GUMBO_TOKENIZER_H_
+#define GUMBO_TOKENIZER_H_
+
+// This contains an implementation of a tokenizer for HTML5. It consumes a
+// buffer of UTF-8 characters, and then emits a stream of tokens.
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+#include "gumbo.h"
+#include "token_type.h"
+#include "tokenizer_states.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+struct GumboInternalParser;
+
+// Struct containing all information pertaining to doctype tokens.
+typedef struct GumboInternalTokenDocType {
+  const char* name;
+  const char* public_identifier;
+  const char* system_identifier;
+  bool force_quirks;
+  // There's no way to tell a 0-length public or system ID apart from the
+  // absence of a public or system ID, but they're handled different by the
+  // spec, so we need bool flags for them.
+  bool has_public_identifier;
+  bool has_system_identifier;
+} GumboTokenDocType;
+
+// Struct containing all information pertaining to start tag tokens.
+typedef struct GumboInternalTokenStartTag {
+  GumboTag tag;
+  // NULL unless tag is GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN
+  char *name;
+  GumboVector /* GumboAttribute */ attributes;
+  bool is_self_closing;
+} GumboTokenStartTag;
+
+// Struct containing all information pertaining to end tag tokens.
+typedef struct GumboInternalTokenEndTag {
+  GumboTag tag;
+  // NULL unless tag is GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN
+  char *name;
+} GumboTokenEndTag;
+
+// A data structure representing a single token in the input stream. This
+// contains an enum for the type, the source position, a GumboStringPiece
+// pointing to the original text, and then a union for any parsed data.
+typedef struct GumboInternalToken {
+  GumboTokenType type;
+  GumboSourcePosition position;
+  GumboStringPiece original_text;
+  union {
+    GumboTokenDocType doc_type;
+    GumboTokenStartTag start_tag;
+    GumboTokenEndTag end_tag;
+    const char* text;  // For comments.
+    int character;     // For character, whitespace, null, and EOF tokens.
+  } v;
+} GumboToken;
+
+// Initializes the tokenizer state within the GumboParser object, setting up a
+// parse of the specified text.
+void gumbo_tokenizer_state_init (
+  struct GumboInternalParser* parser,
+  const char* text,
+  size_t text_length
+);
+
+// Destroys the tokenizer state within the GumboParser object, freeing any
+// dynamically-allocated structures within it.
+void gumbo_tokenizer_state_destroy(struct GumboInternalParser* parser);
+
+// Sets the tokenizer state to the specified value. This is needed by some
+// parser states, which alter the state of the tokenizer in response to tags
+// seen.
+void gumbo_tokenizer_set_state (
+  struct GumboInternalParser* parser,
+  GumboTokenizerEnum state
+);
+
+// Flags whether the adjusted current node is a foreign content element. This
+// is necessary for the markup declaration open state, where the tokenizer
+// must be aware of the state of the parser to properly tokenize bad comment
+// tags.
+// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#markup-declaration-open-state
+void gumbo_tokenizer_set_is_adjusted_current_node_foreign (
+  struct GumboInternalParser* parser,
+  bool is_foreign
+);
+
+// Lexes a single token from the specified buffer, filling the output with the
+// parsed GumboToken data structure.
+void gumbo_lex(struct GumboInternalParser* parser, GumboToken* output);
+
+// Frees the internally-allocated pointers within a GumboToken. Note that this
+// doesn't free the token itself, since oftentimes it will be allocated on the
+// stack.
+//
+// Note that if you are handing over ownership of the internal strings to some
+// other data structure - for example, a parse tree - these do not need to be
+// freed.
+void gumbo_token_destroy(GumboToken* token);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif // GUMBO_TOKENIZER_H_
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/tokenizer_states.h b/gumbo-parser/src/tokenizer_states.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eb21f0ede9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/tokenizer_states.h
@@ -0,0 +1,339 @@
+#ifndef GUMBO_TOKENIZER_STATES_H_
+#define GUMBO_TOKENIZER_STATES_H_
+
+// This contains the list of states used in the tokenizer. Although at first
+// glance it seems like these could be kept internal to the tokenizer, several
+// of the actions in the parser require that it reach into the tokenizer and
+// reset the tokenizer state. For that to work, it needs to have the
+// definitions of individual states available.
+//
+// This may also be useful for providing more detailed error messages for parse
+// errors, as we can match up states and inputs in a table without having to
+// clutter the tokenizer code with lots of precise error messages.
+
+// The ordering of this enum is also used to build the dispatch table for the
+// tokenizer state machine, so if it is changed, be sure to update that too.
+typedef enum {
+  // 12.2.5.1 Data state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#data-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_DATA,
+
+  // 12.2.5.2 RCDATA state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#rcdata-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA,
+
+  // 12.2.5.3 RAWTEXT state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#rawtext-state<Paste>
+  GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT,
+
+  // 12.2.5.4 Script data state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA,
+
+  // 12.2.5.5 PLAINTEXT state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#plaintext-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_PLAINTEXT,
+
+  // 12.2.5.6 Tag open state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#tag-open-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_TAG_OPEN,
+
+  // 12.2.5.7 End tag open state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#end-tag-open-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_END_TAG_OPEN,
+
+  // 12.2.5.8 Tag name state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#tag-name-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_TAG_NAME,
+
+  // 12.2.5.9 RCDATA less-than sign state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#rcdata-less-than-sign-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA_LT,
+
+  // 12.2.5.10 RCDATA end tag open state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#rcdata-end-tag-open-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA_END_TAG_OPEN,
+
+  // 12.2.5.11 RCDATA end tag name state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#rcdata-end-tag-name-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA_END_TAG_NAME,
+
+  // 12.2.5.12 RAWTEXT less-than sign state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#rawtext-less-than-sign-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT_LT,
+
+  // 12.2.5.13 RAWTEXT end tag open state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#rawtext-end-tag-open-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT_END_TAG_OPEN,
+
+  // 12.2.5.14 RAWTEXT end tag name state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#rawtext-end-tag-name-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT_END_TAG_NAME,
+
+  // 12.2.5.15 Script data less-than sign state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-less-than-sign-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_LT,
+
+  // 12.2.5.16 Script data end tag open state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-end-tag-open-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_END_TAG_OPEN,
+
+  // 12.2.5.17 Script data end tag name state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-end-tag-name-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_END_TAG_NAME,
+
+  // 12.2.5.18 Script data escape start state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-escape-start-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_START,
+
+  // 12.2.5.19 Script data escape start dash state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-escape-start-dash-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_START_DASH,
+
+  // 12.2.5.20 Script data escaped state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-escaped-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED,
+
+  // 12.2.5.21 Script data escaped dash state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-escaped-dash-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_DASH,
+
+  // 12.2.5.22 Script data escaped dash dash state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-escaped-dash-dash-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_DASH_DASH,
+
+  // 12.2.5.23 Script data escaped less than sign state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-escaped-less-than-sign-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_LT,
+
+  // 12.2.5.24 Script data escaped end tag open state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-escaped-end-tag-open-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_END_TAG_OPEN,
+
+  // 12.2.5.25 Script data escaped end tag name state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-escaped-end-tag-name-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED_END_TAG_NAME,
+
+  // 12.2.5.26 Script data double escape start state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-double-escape-start-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED_START,
+
+  // 12.2.5.27 Script data double escaped state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-double-escaped-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED,
+
+  // 12.2.5.28 Script data double escaped dash state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-double-escaped-dash-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED_DASH,
+
+  // 12.2.5.29 Script data double escaped dash dash state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-double-escaped-dash-dash-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED_DASH_DASH,
+
+  // 12.2.5.30 Script data double escaped less-than sign state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-double-escaped-less-than-sign-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED_LT,
+
+  // 12.2.5.31 Script data double escape end state (XXX: spec bug with the
+  // name?)
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#script-data-double-escape-end-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_DOUBLE_ESCAPED_END,
+
+  // 12.2.5.32 Before attribute name state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#before-attribute-name-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_ATTR_NAME,
+
+  // 12.2.5.33 Attributet name state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#attribute-name-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_ATTR_NAME,
+
+  // 12.2.5.34 After attribute name state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#after-attribute-name-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_ATTR_NAME,
+
+  // 12.2.5.35 Before attribute value state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#before-attribute-value-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_ATTR_VALUE,
+
+  // 12.2.5.36 Attribute value (double-quoted) state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#attribute-value-(double-quoted)-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_ATTR_VALUE_DOUBLE_QUOTED,
+
+  // 12.2.5.37 Attribute value (single-quoted) state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#attribute-value-(single-quoted)-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_ATTR_VALUE_SINGLE_QUOTED,
+
+  // 12.2.5.38 Attribute value (unquoted) state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#attribute-value-(unquoted)-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_ATTR_VALUE_UNQUOTED,
+
+  // 12.2.5.39 After attribute value (quoted) state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#after-attribute-value-(quoted)-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_ATTR_VALUE_QUOTED,
+
+  // 12.2.5.40 Self-closing start tag state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#self-closing-start-tag-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_SELF_CLOSING_START_TAG,
+
+  // 12.2.5.41 Bogus comment state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#bogus-comment-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_BOGUS_COMMENT,
+
+  // 12.2.5.42 Markup declaration open state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#markup-declaration-open-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_MARKUP_DECLARATION_OPEN,
+
+  // 12.2.5.43 Comment start state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#comment-start-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_START,
+
+  // 12.2.5.44 Comment start dash state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#comment-start-dash-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_START_DASH,
+
+  // 12.2.5.45 Comment state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#comment-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT,
+
+  // 12.2.5.46 Comment less-than sign state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#comment-less-than-sign-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_LT,
+
+  // 12.2.5.47 Comment less-than sign bang state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#comment-less-than-sign-bang-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_LT_BANG,
+
+  // 12.2.5.48 Comment less-than sign bang dash state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#comment-less-than-sign-bang-dash-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_LT_BANG_DASH,
+
+  // 12.2.5.49 Comment less-than sign bang dash dash state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#comment-less-than-sign-bang-dash-dash-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_LT_BANG_DASH_DASH,
+
+  // 12.2.5.50 Comment end dash state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#comment-end-dash-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_END_DASH,
+
+  // 12.2.5.51 Comment end state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#comment-end-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_END,
+
+  // 12.2.5.52 Comment end bang state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#comment-end-bang-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_COMMENT_END_BANG,
+
+  // 12.2.5.53 DOCTYPE state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#doctype-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE,
+
+  // 12.2.5.54 Before DOCTYPE name state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#before-doctype-name-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_NAME,
+
+  // 12.2.5.55 DOCTYPE name state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#doctype-name-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_NAME,
+
+  // 12.2.5.56 After DOCTYPE name state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#after-doctype-name-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_DOCTYPE_NAME,
+
+  // 12.2.5.57 After DOCTYPE public keyword state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#after-doctype-public-keyword-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_KEYWORD,
+
+  // 12.2.5.58 Before DOCTYPE public identifier state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#before-doctype-public-identifier-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_ID,
+
+  // 12.2.5.59 DOCTYPE public identifier (double-quoted) state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#doctype-public-identifier-(double-quoted)-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_ID_DOUBLE_QUOTED,
+
+  // 12.2.5.60 DOCTYPE public identifier (single-quoted) state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#doctype-public-identifier-(single-quoted)-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_ID_SINGLE_QUOTED,
+
+  // 12.2.5.61 After DOCTYPE public identifier state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#after-doctype-public-identifier-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_ID,
+
+  // 12.2.5.62 Between DOCTYPE public and system identifiers state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#between-doctype-public-and-system-identifiers-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_BETWEEN_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_SYSTEM_ID,
+
+  // 12.2.5.63 After DOCTYPE system keyword state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#after-doctype-system-keyword-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_KEYWORD,
+
+  // 12.2.5.64 Before DOCTYPE system identifier state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#before-doctype-system-identifier-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_ID,
+
+  // 12.2.5.65 DOCTYPE system identifier (double-quoted) state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#doctype-system-identifier-(double-quoted)-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_ID_DOUBLE_QUOTED,
+
+  // 12.2.5.66 DOCTYPE system identifier (single-quoted) state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#doctype-system-identifier-(single-quoted)-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_ID_SINGLE_QUOTED,
+
+  // 12.2.5.67 After DOCTYPE system identifier state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#after-doctype-system-identifier-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_AFTER_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_ID,
+
+  // 12.2.5.68 Bogus DOCTYPE state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#bogus-doctype-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_BOGUS_DOCTYPE,
+
+  // 12.2.5.69 CDATA section state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#cdata-section-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_CDATA_SECTION,
+
+  // 12.2.5.70 CDATA section bracket state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#cdata-section-bracket-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_CDATA_SECTION_BRACKET,
+
+  // 12.2.5.71 CDATA section end state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#cdata-section-end-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_CDATA_SECTION_END,
+
+  // 12.2.5.72 Character reference state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#character-reference-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_CHARACTER_REFERENCE,
+
+  // 12.2.5.73 Named character reference state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#named-character-reference-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_NAMED_CHARACTER_REFERENCE,
+
+  // 12.2.5.74 Ambiguous ampersand state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#ambiguous-ampersand-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_AMBIGUOUS_AMPERSAND,
+
+  // 12.2.5.75 Numeric character reference state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#numeric-character-reference-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE,
+
+  // 12.2.5.76 Hexadecimal character reference start state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#hexadecimal-character-reference-start-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_HEXADECIMAL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_START,
+
+  // 12.2.5.77 Decimal character reference start state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#decimal-character-reference-start-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_DECIMAL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_START,
+  
+  // 12.2.5.78 Hexadecimal character reference state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#hexadecimal-character-reference-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_HEXADECIMAL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE,
+  
+  // 12.2.5.79 Decimal character reference state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#decimal-character-reference-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_DECIMAL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE,
+
+  // 12.2.5.80 Numeric character reference end state
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#numeric-character-reference-end-state
+  GUMBO_LEX_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_END
+} GumboTokenizerEnum;
+
+#endif // GUMBO_TOKENIZER_STATES_H_
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/utf8.c b/gumbo-parser/src/utf8.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b131509152
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/utf8.c
@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+/*
+ Copyright 2018 Craig Barnes.
+ Copyright 2010 Google Inc.
+
+ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+#include "utf8.h"
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "error.h"
+#include "gumbo.h"
+#include "parser.h"
+#include "ascii.h"
+#include "vector.h"
+
+// References:
+// * https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3629
+// * https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#preprocessing-the-input-stream
+
+// The following code is a DFA-based UTF-8 decoder by Bjoern Hoehrmann.
+// We wrap the inner table-based decoder routine in our own handling for
+// newlines, tabs, invalid continuation bytes, and other conditions that
+// the HTML5 spec fully specifies but normal UTF-8 decoders do not handle.
+// See https://bjoern.hoehrmann.de/utf-8/decoder/dfa/ for details.
+
+// Copyright (c) 2008-2009 Bjoern Hoehrmann <bjoern@hoehrmann.de>
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
+// to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
+// the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
+// and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+// Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+#define UTF8_ACCEPT 0
+#define UTF8_REJECT 12
+
+static const uint8_t utf8d[] = {
+  // The first part of the table maps bytes to character classes that
+  // to reduce the size of the transition table and create bitmasks.
+   0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
+   0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
+   0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
+   0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
+   1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,  9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,
+   7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,  7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,
+   8,8,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,  2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,
+  10,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,4,3,3, 11,6,6,6,5,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,
+
+  // The second part is a transition table that maps a combination
+  // of a state of the automaton and a character class to a state.
+   0,12,24,36,60,96,84,12,12,12,48,72, 12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,
+  12, 0,12,12,12,12,12, 0,12, 0,12,12, 12,24,12,12,12,12,12,24,12,24,12,12,
+  12,12,12,12,12,12,12,24,12,12,12,12, 12,24,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,24,12,12,
+  12,12,12,12,12,12,12,36,12,36,12,12, 12,36,12,12,12,12,12,36,12,36,12,12,
+  12,36,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,
+};
+
+static inline uint32_t decode(uint32_t* state, uint32_t* codep, uint32_t byte) {
+  uint32_t type = utf8d[byte];
+
+  *codep =
+    (*state != UTF8_ACCEPT)
+      ? (byte & 0x3fu) | (*codep << 6)
+      : (0xff >> type) & (byte);
+
+  *state = utf8d[256 + *state + type];
+  return *state;
+}
+
+// END COPIED CODE.
+
+// Adds a decoding error to the parser's error list, based on the current state
+// of the Utf8Iterator.
+static void add_error(Utf8Iterator* iter, GumboErrorType type) {
+  GumboParser* parser = iter->_parser;
+
+  GumboError* error = gumbo_add_error(parser);
+  if (!error) {
+    return;
+  }
+  error->type = type;
+  error->position = iter->_pos;
+  error->original_text.data = iter->_start;
+  error->original_text.length = iter->_width;
+  error->v.tokenizer.codepoint = iter->_current;
+}
+
+// Reads the next UTF-8 character in the iter.
+// This assumes that iter->_start points to the beginning of the character.
+// When this method returns, iter->_width and iter->_current will be set
+// appropriately, as well as any error flags.
+static void read_char(Utf8Iterator* iter) {
+  if (iter->_start >= iter->_end) {
+    // No input left to consume; emit an EOF and set width = 0.
+    iter->_current = -1;
+    iter->_width = 0;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  uint32_t code_point = 0;
+  uint32_t state = UTF8_ACCEPT;
+  for (const char* c = iter->_start; c < iter->_end; ++c) {
+    decode(&state, &code_point, (uint32_t)(unsigned char) (*c));
+    if (state == UTF8_ACCEPT) {
+      iter->_width = c - iter->_start + 1;
+      // This is the special handling for carriage returns that is mandated by
+      // the HTML5 spec. Since we're looking for particular 7-bit literal
+      // characters, we operate in terms of chars and only need a check for iter
+      // overrun, instead of having to read in a full next code point.
+      // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#preprocessing-the-input-stream
+      if (code_point == '\r') {
+        assert(iter->_width == 1);
+        const char* next = c + 1;
+        if (next < iter->_end && *next == '\n') {
+          // Advance the iter, as if the carriage return didn't exist.
+          ++iter->_start;
+          // Preserve the true offset, since other tools that look at it may be
+          // unaware of HTML5's rules for converting \r into \n.
+          ++iter->_pos.offset;
+        }
+        code_point = '\n';
+      }
+      iter->_current = code_point;
+      if (utf8_is_surrogate(code_point)) {
+	add_error(iter, GUMBO_ERR_SURROGATE_IN_INPUT_STREAM);
+      } else if (utf8_is_noncharacter(code_point)) {
+        add_error(iter, GUMBO_ERR_NONCHARACTER_IN_INPUT_STREAM);
+      } else if (utf8_is_control(code_point)
+                 && !(gumbo_ascii_isspace(code_point) || code_point == 0)) {
+        add_error(iter, GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_IN_INPUT_STREAM);
+      }
+      return;
+    } else if (state == UTF8_REJECT) {
+      // We don't want to consume the invalid continuation byte of a multi-byte
+      // run, but we do want to skip past an invalid first byte.
+      iter->_width = c - iter->_start + (c == iter->_start);
+      iter->_current = kUtf8ReplacementChar;
+      add_error(iter, GUMBO_ERR_UTF8_INVALID);
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+  // If we got here without exiting early, then we've reached the end of the
+  // iterator. Add an error for truncated input, set the width to consume the
+  // rest of the iterator, and emit a replacement character. The next time we
+  // enter this method, it will detect that there's no input to consume and
+  // output an EOF.
+  iter->_width = iter->_end - iter->_start;
+  iter->_current = kUtf8ReplacementChar;
+  add_error(iter, GUMBO_ERR_UTF8_TRUNCATED);
+}
+
+static void update_position(Utf8Iterator* iter) {
+  iter->_pos.offset += iter->_width;
+  if (iter->_current == '\n') {
+    ++iter->_pos.line;
+    iter->_pos.column = 1;
+  } else if (iter->_current == '\t') {
+    int tab_stop = iter->_parser->_options->tab_stop;
+    iter->_pos.column = ((iter->_pos.column / tab_stop) + 1) * tab_stop;
+  } else if (iter->_current != -1) {
+    ++iter->_pos.column;
+  }
+}
+
+void utf8iterator_init (
+  GumboParser* parser,
+  const char* source,
+  size_t source_length,
+  Utf8Iterator* iter
+) {
+  iter->_start = source;
+  iter->_end = source + source_length;
+  iter->_pos.line = 1;
+  iter->_pos.column = 1;
+  iter->_pos.offset = 0;
+  iter->_parser = parser;
+  read_char(iter);
+  if (iter->_current == kUtf8BomChar) {
+    iter->_start += iter->_width;
+    iter->_pos.offset += iter->_width;
+    read_char(iter);
+  }
+}
+
+void utf8iterator_next(Utf8Iterator* iter) {
+  // We update positions based on the *last* character read, so that the first
+  // character following a newline is at column 1 in the next line.
+  update_position(iter);
+  iter->_start += iter->_width;
+  read_char(iter);
+}
+
+bool utf8iterator_maybe_consume_match (
+  Utf8Iterator* iter,
+  const char* prefix,
+  size_t length,
+  bool case_sensitive
+) {
+  bool matched =
+    (iter->_start + length <= iter->_end)
+    && (
+      case_sensitive
+        ? !strncmp(iter->_start, prefix, length)
+        : !gumbo_ascii_strncasecmp(iter->_start, prefix, length)
+    )
+  ;
+  if (matched) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
+      utf8iterator_next(iter);
+    }
+    return true;
+  } else {
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+void utf8iterator_mark(Utf8Iterator* iter) {
+  iter->_mark = iter->_start;
+  iter->_mark_pos = iter->_pos;
+}
+
+// Returns the current input stream position to the mark.
+void utf8iterator_reset(Utf8Iterator* iter) {
+  iter->_start = iter->_mark;
+  iter->_pos = iter->_mark_pos;
+  read_char(iter);
+}
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/utf8.h b/gumbo-parser/src/utf8.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b59d1d7574
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/utf8.h
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+#ifndef GUMBO_UTF8_H_
+#define GUMBO_UTF8_H_
+
+// This contains an implementation of a UTF-8 iterator and decoder suitable for
+// a HTML5 parser. This does a bit more than straight UTF-8 decoding. The
+// HTML5 spec specifies that:
+// 1. Decoding errors are parse errors.
+// 2. Certain other codepoints (e.g. control characters) are parse errors.
+// 3. Carriage returns and CR/LF groups are converted to line feeds.
+// https://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/#utf-8-decode
+//
+// Also, we want to keep track of source positions for error handling. As a
+// result, we fold all that functionality into this decoder, and can't use an
+// off-the-shelf library.
+//
+// This header is internal-only, which is why we prefix functions with only
+// utf8_ or utf8_iterator_ instead of gumbo_utf8_.
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+#include "gumbo.h"
+#include "macros.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+struct GumboInternalError;
+struct GumboInternalParser;
+
+// Unicode replacement char.
+#define kUtf8ReplacementChar 0xFFFD
+#define kUtf8BomChar 0xFEFF
+#define kUtf8MaxChar 0x10FFFF
+
+typedef struct GumboInternalUtf8Iterator {
+  // Points at the start of the code point most recently read into 'current'.
+  const char* _start;
+
+  // Points at the mark. The mark is initially set to the beginning of the
+  // input.
+  const char* _mark;
+
+  // Points past the end of the iter, like a past-the-end iterator in the STL.
+  const char* _end;
+
+  // The code point under the cursor.
+  int _current;
+
+  // The width in bytes of the current code point.
+  size_t _width;
+
+  // The SourcePosition for the current location.
+  GumboSourcePosition _pos;
+
+  // The SourcePosition for the mark.
+  GumboSourcePosition _mark_pos;
+
+  // Pointer back to the GumboParser instance, for configuration options and
+  // error recording.
+  struct GumboInternalParser* _parser;
+} Utf8Iterator;
+
+// Returns true if this Unicode code point is a surrogate.
+CONST_FN static inline bool utf8_is_surrogate(int c) {
+  return c >= 0xD800 && c <= 0xDFFF;
+}
+
+// Returns true if this Unicode code point is a noncharacter.
+CONST_FN static inline bool utf8_is_noncharacter(int c) {
+  return
+    (c >= 0xFDD0 && c <= 0xFDEF)
+    || ((c & 0xFFFF) == 0xFFFE)
+    || ((c & 0xFFFF) == 0xFFFF);
+}
+
+// Returns true if this Unicode code point is a control.
+CONST_FN static inline bool utf8_is_control(int c) {
+  return ((unsigned int)c < 0x1Fu) || (c >= 0x7F && c <= 0x9F);
+}
+
+// Initializes a new Utf8Iterator from the given byte buffer. The source does
+// not have to be NUL-terminated, but the length must be passed in explicitly.
+void utf8iterator_init (
+  struct GumboInternalParser* parser,
+  const char* source,
+  size_t source_length,
+  Utf8Iterator* iter
+);
+
+// Advances the current position by one code point.
+void utf8iterator_next(Utf8Iterator* iter);
+
+// Returns the current code point as an integer.
+static inline int utf8iterator_current(const Utf8Iterator* iter) {
+  return iter->_current;
+}
+
+// Retrieves and fills the output parameter with the current source position.
+static inline void utf8iterator_get_position (
+  const Utf8Iterator* iter,
+  GumboSourcePosition* output
+) {
+  *output = iter->_pos;
+}
+
+// Retrieves the marked position.
+static inline GumboSourcePosition utf8iterator_get_mark_position (
+  const Utf8Iterator* iter
+) {
+  return iter->_mark_pos;
+}
+
+// Retrieves a character pointer to the start of the current character.
+static inline const char* utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(const Utf8Iterator* iter) {
+  return iter->_start;
+}
+
+// Retrieves the width of the current character.
+static inline size_t utf8iterator_get_width(const Utf8Iterator* iter) {
+  return iter->_width;
+}
+
+// Retrieves a character pointer to 1 past the end of the buffer. This is
+// necessary for certain state machines and string comparisons that would like
+// to look directly for ASCII text in the buffer without going through the
+// decoder.
+static inline const char* utf8iterator_get_end_pointer(const Utf8Iterator* iter) {
+  return iter->_end;
+}
+
+// Retrieves a character pointer to the marked position.
+static inline const char* utf8iterator_get_mark_pointer(const Utf8Iterator* iter) {
+  return iter->_mark;
+}
+
+// If the upcoming text in the buffer matches the specified prefix (which has
+// length 'length'), consume it and return true. Otherwise, return false with
+// no other effects. If the length of the string would overflow the buffer,
+// this returns false. Note that prefix should not contain null bytes because
+// of the use of strncmp/strncasecmp internally. All existing use-cases adhere
+// to this.
+bool utf8iterator_maybe_consume_match (
+  Utf8Iterator* iter,
+  const char* prefix,
+  size_t length,
+  bool case_sensitive
+);
+
+// "Marks" a particular location of interest in the input stream, so that it can
+// later be reset() to. There's also the ability to record an error at the
+// point that was marked, as oftentimes that's more useful than the last
+// character before the error was detected.
+void utf8iterator_mark(Utf8Iterator* iter);
+
+// Returns the current input stream position to the mark.
+void utf8iterator_reset(Utf8Iterator* iter);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif // GUMBO_UTF8_H_
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/util.c b/gumbo-parser/src/util.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5af2052453
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/util.c
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ Copyright 2017-2018 Craig Barnes.
+ Copyright 2010 Google Inc.
+
+ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "util.h"
+#include "gumbo.h"
+
+void* gumbo_alloc(size_t size) {
+  void* ptr = malloc(size);
+  if (unlikely(ptr == NULL)) {
+    perror(__func__);
+    abort();
+  }
+  return ptr;
+}
+
+void* gumbo_realloc(void* ptr, size_t size) {
+  ptr = realloc(ptr, size);
+  if (unlikely(ptr == NULL)) {
+    perror(__func__);
+    abort();
+  }
+  return ptr;
+}
+
+void gumbo_free(void* ptr) {
+  free(ptr);
+}
+
+char* gumbo_strdup(const char* str) {
+  const size_t size = strlen(str) + 1;
+  // The strdup(3) function isn't available in strict "-std=c99" mode
+  // (it's part of POSIX, not C99), so use malloc(3) and memcpy(3)
+  // instead:
+  char* buffer = gumbo_alloc(size);
+  return memcpy(buffer, str, size);
+}
+
+#ifdef GUMBO_DEBUG
+#include <stdarg.h>
+// Debug function to trace operation of the parser
+// (define GUMBO_DEBUG to use).
+void gumbo_debug(const char* format, ...) {
+  va_list args;
+  va_start(args, format);
+  vprintf(format, args);
+  va_end(args);
+  fflush(stdout);
+}
+#else
+void gumbo_debug(const char* UNUSED_ARG(format), ...) {}
+#endif
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/util.h b/gumbo-parser/src/util.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dfdf465bc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/util.h
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#ifndef GUMBO_UTIL_H_
+#define GUMBO_UTIL_H_
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include "macros.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+// Utility function for allocating & copying a null-terminated string into a
+// freshly-allocated buffer. This is necessary for proper memory management; we
+// have the convention that all const char* in parse tree structures are
+// freshly-allocated, so if we didn't copy, we'd try to delete a literal string
+// when the parse tree is destroyed.
+char* gumbo_strdup(const char* str) XMALLOC NONNULL_ARGS;
+
+void* gumbo_alloc(size_t size) XMALLOC;
+void* gumbo_realloc(void* ptr, size_t size) RETURNS_NONNULL;
+void gumbo_free(void* ptr);
+
+// Debug wrapper for printf
+void gumbo_debug(const char* format, ...) PRINTF(1);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif // GUMBO_UTIL_H_
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/vector.c b/gumbo-parser/src/vector.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4782407787
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/vector.c
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+/*
+ Copyright 2018 Craig Barnes.
+ Copyright 2010 Google Inc.
+
+ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "vector.h"
+#include "util.h"
+
+void gumbo_vector_init(unsigned int initial_capacity, GumboVector* vector) {
+  vector->length = 0;
+  vector->capacity = initial_capacity;
+  if (initial_capacity > 0) {
+    vector->data = gumbo_alloc(sizeof(void*) * initial_capacity);
+  } else {
+    vector->data = NULL;
+  }
+}
+
+void gumbo_vector_destroy(GumboVector* vector) {
+  if (vector->capacity > 0) {
+    gumbo_free(vector->data);
+  }
+}
+
+static void enlarge_vector_if_full(GumboVector* vector) {
+  if (vector->length >= vector->capacity) {
+    if (vector->capacity) {
+      vector->capacity *= 2;
+      size_t num_bytes = sizeof(void*) * vector->capacity;
+      vector->data = gumbo_realloc(vector->data, num_bytes);
+    } else {
+      // 0-capacity vector; no previous array to deallocate.
+      vector->capacity = 2;
+      vector->data = gumbo_alloc(sizeof(void*) * vector->capacity);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void gumbo_vector_add(void* element, GumboVector* vector) {
+  enlarge_vector_if_full(vector);
+  assert(vector->data);
+  assert(vector->length < vector->capacity);
+  vector->data[vector->length++] = element;
+}
+
+void* gumbo_vector_pop(GumboVector* vector) {
+  if (vector->length == 0) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  return vector->data[--vector->length];
+}
+
+int gumbo_vector_index_of(GumboVector* vector, const void* element) {
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vector->length; ++i) {
+    if (vector->data[i] == element) {
+      return i;
+    }
+  }
+  return -1;
+}
+
+void gumbo_vector_insert_at (
+  void* element,
+  unsigned int index,
+  GumboVector* vector
+) {
+  assert(index <= vector->length);
+  enlarge_vector_if_full(vector);
+  ++vector->length;
+  memmove (
+    &vector->data[index + 1],
+    &vector->data[index],
+    sizeof(void*) * (vector->length - index - 1)
+  );
+  vector->data[index] = element;
+}
+
+void gumbo_vector_remove(void* node, GumboVector* vector) {
+  int index = gumbo_vector_index_of(vector, node);
+  if (index == -1) {
+    return;
+  }
+  gumbo_vector_remove_at(index, vector);
+}
+
+void* gumbo_vector_remove_at(unsigned int index, GumboVector* vector) {
+  assert(index < vector->length);
+  void* result = vector->data[index];
+  memmove (
+    &vector->data[index],
+    &vector->data[index + 1],
+    sizeof(void*) * (vector->length - index - 1)
+  );
+  --vector->length;
+  return result;
+}
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/src/vector.h b/gumbo-parser/src/vector.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5e164de356
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/src/vector.h
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#ifndef GUMBO_VECTOR_H_
+#define GUMBO_VECTOR_H_
+
+#include "gumbo.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+// Initializes a new GumboVector with the specified initial capacity.
+void gumbo_vector_init(unsigned int initial_capacity, GumboVector* vector);
+
+// Frees the memory used by a GumboVector. Does not free the contained
+// pointers.
+void gumbo_vector_destroy(GumboVector* vector);
+
+// Adds a new element to a GumboVector.
+void gumbo_vector_add(void* element, GumboVector* vector);
+
+// Removes and returns the element most recently added to the GumboVector.
+// Ownership is transferred to caller. Capacity is unchanged. If the vector is
+// empty, NULL is returned.
+void* gumbo_vector_pop(GumboVector* vector);
+
+// Inserts an element at a specific index. This is potentially O(N) time, but
+// is necessary for some of the spec's behavior.
+void gumbo_vector_insert_at (
+  void* element,
+  unsigned int index,
+  GumboVector* vector
+);
+
+// Removes an element from the vector, or does nothing if the element is not in
+// the vector.
+void gumbo_vector_remove(void* element, GumboVector* vector);
+
+// Removes and returns an element at a specific index. Note that this is
+// potentially O(N) time and should be used sparingly.
+void* gumbo_vector_remove_at(unsigned int index, GumboVector* vector);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif // GUMBO_VECTOR_H_
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/test/attribute.cc b/gumbo-parser/test/attribute.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e55734aafb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/test/attribute.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// Copyright 2011 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// Author: jdtang@google.com (Jonathan Tang)
+
+#include "attribute.h"
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "test_utils.h"
+#include "vector.h"
+
+namespace {
+
+class GumboAttributeTest : public GumboTest {
+ protected:
+  GumboAttributeTest() { gumbo_vector_init(2, &vector_); }
+
+  ~GumboAttributeTest() { gumbo_vector_destroy(&vector_); }
+
+  GumboVector vector_;
+};
+
+TEST_F(GumboAttributeTest, GetAttribute) {
+  GumboAttribute attr1;
+  GumboAttribute attr2;
+  attr1.name = "";
+  attr2.name = "foo";
+
+  gumbo_vector_add(&attr1, &vector_);
+  gumbo_vector_add(&attr2, &vector_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(&attr2, gumbo_get_attribute(&vector_, "foo"));
+  EXPECT_EQ(NULL, gumbo_get_attribute(&vector_, "bar"));
+}
+
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/test/parser.cc b/gumbo-parser/test/parser.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0832f919de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/test/parser.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,2315 @@
+// Copyright 2011 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// Author: jdtang@google.com (Jonathan Tang)
+
+#include <string>
+#include "gumbo.h"
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "test_utils.h"
+
+namespace {
+
+class GumboParserTest : public ::testing::Test {
+ protected:
+  GumboParserTest()
+    : options_(kGumboDefaultOptions), output_(NULL), root_(NULL)
+  {}
+
+  virtual ~GumboParserTest() {
+    if (output_) {
+      gumbo_destroy_output(output_);
+    }
+  }
+
+  virtual void Parse(const char* input) {
+    if (output_) {
+      gumbo_destroy_output(output_);
+    }
+
+    output_ = gumbo_parse_with_options(&options_, input, strlen(input));
+    // The naming inconsistency is because these tests were initially written
+    // when gumbo_parse returned the document element instead of an GumboOutput
+    // structure.
+    root_ = output_->document;
+  }
+
+  virtual void ParseFragment(
+      const char* input,
+      const char* context,
+      GumboNamespaceEnum context_ns,
+      const char* encoding = NULL,
+      bool form_ancestor = false
+  ) {
+    if (output_) {
+      gumbo_destroy_output(output_);
+    }
+
+    options_.fragment_context = context;
+    options_.fragment_namespace = context_ns;
+    options_.fragment_encoding = encoding;
+    options_.fragment_context_has_form_ancestor = form_ancestor;
+    output_ = gumbo_parse_with_options(&options_, input, strlen(input));
+    root_ = output_->document;
+  }
+
+  virtual void Parse(const std::string& input) {
+    // This overload is so we can test/demonstrate that computing offsets from
+    // the .data() member of an STL string works properly.
+    if (output_) {
+      gumbo_destroy_output(output_);
+    }
+
+    output_ = gumbo_parse_with_options(&options_, input.data(), input.length());
+    root_ = output_->document;
+    SanityCheckPointers(input.data(), input.length(), output_->root, 0);
+  }
+
+  GumboOptions options_;
+  GumboOutput* output_;
+  GumboNode* root_;
+};
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, TreeDepthLimitEnforced) {
+  std::string input;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < kGumboDefaultOptions.max_tree_depth; ++i)
+    input.append("<div>");
+  Parse(input);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_STATUS_TREE_TOO_DEEP, output_->status);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(root_);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_DOCUMENT, root_->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_BY_PARSER, root_->parse_flags);
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, NoTreeDepthLimit) {
+  std::string input;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < kGumboDefaultOptions.max_tree_depth; ++i)
+    input.append("<div>");
+  GumboOptions options = kGumboDefaultOptions;
+  options.max_tree_depth = -1;
+  output_ = gumbo_parse_with_options(&options, input.data(), input.length());
+  root_ = output_->document;
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_STATUS_OK, output_->status);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(root_);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_DOCUMENT, root_->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_BY_PARSER, root_->parse_flags);
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, NullDocument) {
+  Parse("");
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_STATUS_OK, output_->status);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(root_);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_DOCUMENT, root_->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_BY_PARSER, root_->parse_flags);
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, ParseTwice) {
+  Parse("");
+  ASSERT_TRUE(root_);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_DOCUMENT, root_->type);
+
+  std::string second_input("");
+  Parse(second_input);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(root_);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_DOCUMENT, root_->type);
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, OneChar) {
+  std::string input("T");
+  Parse(input);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(root_);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_DOCUMENT, root_->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_BY_PARSER, root_->parse_flags);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(root_));
+
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, html->type);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(html->parse_flags & GUMBO_INSERTION_BY_PARSER);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(html->parse_flags & GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(html->parse_flags & GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLIED);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, html->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  GumboNode* head = GetChild(html, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, head->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HEAD, head->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(head));
+
+  GumboNode* body = GetChild(html, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, body->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_BODY, body->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, body->v.element.start_pos.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, body->v.element.start_pos.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, body->v.element.start_pos.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, body->v.element.end_pos.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, body->v.element.end_pos.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, body->v.element.end_pos.offset);
+
+  GumboNode* text = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("T", text->v.text.text);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, text->v.text.start_pos.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, text->v.text.start_pos.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, text->v.text.start_pos.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(input.data(), text->v.text.original_text.data);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, text->v.text.original_text.length);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, TextOnly) {
+  Parse("Test");
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, output_->errors.length);  // No doctype.
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(root_));
+
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, html->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, html->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  GumboNode* head = GetChild(html, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, head->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HEAD, head->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(head));
+
+  GumboNode* body = GetChild(html, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, body->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_BODY, body->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* text = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("Test", text->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, SelfClosingTagError) {
+  Parse("<div/>");
+  // No DOCTYPE
+  // Tag cannot be self-closing
+  // EOF with div still open
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, output_->errors.length);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, SelfClosingTagWithComplexProcessing) {
+  Parse("<br/>");
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, output_->errors.length); // No doctype.
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(root_));
+
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, html->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, html->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  GumboNode* head = GetChild(html, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, head->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HEAD, head->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(head));
+
+  GumboNode* body = GetChild(html, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, body->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_BODY, body->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* br = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, br->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_BR, br->v.element.tag);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, UnexpectedEndBreak) {
+  Parse("</br><div></div>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* br = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, br->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_BR, br->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(br));
+
+  GumboNode* div = GetChild(body, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, div->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_DIV, div->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(div));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, CaseSensitiveAttributes) {
+  Parse("<div class=CamelCase>");
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* div = GetChild(body, 0);
+  GumboVector* attributes = &div->v.element.attributes;
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, attributes->length);
+
+  GumboAttribute* clas = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(attributes->data[0]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_ATTR_NAMESPACE_NONE, clas->attr_namespace);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("class", clas->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("CamelCase", clas->value);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, ExplicitHtmlStructure) {
+  Parse(
+      "<!doctype html>\n<html>"
+      "<head><title>Foo</title></head>\n"
+      "<body><div class=bar>Test</div></body></html>");
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(root_));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, output_->errors.length);
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_DOCUMENT, root_->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("html", root_->v.document.name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", root_->v.document.public_identifier);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", root_->v.document.system_identifier);
+
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, html->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, html->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, html->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, html->v.element.start_pos.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, html->v.element.start_pos.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(16, html->v.element.start_pos.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, html->v.element.end_pos.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(39, html->v.element.end_pos.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(92, html->v.element.end_pos.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ("<html>", ToString(html->v.element.original_tag));
+  EXPECT_EQ("</html>", ToString(html->v.element.original_end_tag));
+  ASSERT_EQ(3, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  GumboNode* head = GetChild(html, 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, head->parse_flags);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, head->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HEAD, head->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(html, head->parent);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, head->index_within_parent);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(head));
+
+  GumboNode* body = GetChild(html, 2);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, body->parse_flags);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, body->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_BODY, body->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(html, body->parent);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, body->v.element.start_pos.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, body->v.element.start_pos.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(54, body->v.element.start_pos.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, body->v.element.end_pos.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(32, body->v.element.end_pos.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(85, body->v.element.end_pos.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ("<body>", ToString(body->v.element.original_tag));
+  EXPECT_EQ("</body>", ToString(body->v.element.original_end_tag));
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, body->index_within_parent);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* div = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, div->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_DIV, div->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(body, div->parent);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, div->index_within_parent);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(div));
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetAttributeCount(div));
+  GumboAttribute* clas = GetAttribute(div, 0);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("class", clas->name);
+  EXPECT_EQ("class", ToString(clas->original_name));
+  EXPECT_STREQ("bar", clas->value);
+  EXPECT_EQ("bar", ToString(clas->original_value));
+
+  GumboNode* text = GetChild(div, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("Test", text->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, Whitespace) {
+  Parse("<ul>\n  <li>Text\n</ul>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* ul = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, ul->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_UL, ul->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(ul));
+
+  GumboNode* whitespace = GetChild(ul, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_WHITESPACE, whitespace->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\n  ", whitespace->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* li = GetChild(ul, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, li->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_LI, li->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(li));
+
+  GumboNode* text = GetChild(li, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("Text\n", text->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, DuplicateAttributes) {
+  std::string text("<input checked=\"false\" checked=true id=foo id='bar'>");
+  Parse(text);
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* input = GetChild(body, 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG, input->parse_flags);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, input->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_INPUT, input->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(input));
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetAttributeCount(input));
+
+  GumboAttribute* checked = GetAttribute(input, 0);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("checked", checked->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("false", checked->value);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, checked->name_start.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(8, checked->name_start.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(15, checked->name_end.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(16, checked->value_start.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(23, checked->value_end.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(7, checked->original_name.data - text.data());
+  EXPECT_EQ(7, checked->original_name.length);
+  EXPECT_EQ(15, checked->original_value.data - text.data());
+  EXPECT_EQ(7, checked->original_value.length);
+
+  GumboAttribute* id = GetAttribute(input, 1);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("id", id->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", id->value);
+
+  // TODO(jdtang): Run some assertions on the parse error that's added.
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, LinkTagsInHead) {
+  Parse(
+      "<html>\n"
+      "  <head>\n"
+      "    <title>Sample title></title>\n\n"
+      "    <link rel=stylesheet>\n"
+      "    <link rel=author>\n"
+      "  </head>\n"
+      "  <body>Foo</body>");
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(root_));
+
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, html->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG, html->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, html->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(3, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  GumboNode* head = GetChild(html, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, head->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, head->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HEAD, head->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(7, GetChildCount(head));
+
+  GumboNode* text1 = GetChild(head, 2);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_WHITESPACE, text1->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\n\n    ", text1->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* link1 = GetChild(head, 3);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, link1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_LINK, link1->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG, link1->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(link1));
+
+  GumboNode* text2 = GetChild(head, 4);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_WHITESPACE, text2->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\n    ", text2->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* link2 = GetChild(head, 5);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, link2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_LINK, link2->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG, link2->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(link2));
+
+  GumboNode* text3 = GetChild(head, 6);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_WHITESPACE, text3->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\n  ", text3->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* body = GetChild(html, 2);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, body->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, body->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_BODY, body->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, WhitespaceBeforeHtml) {
+  Parse("<!doctype html>\n<html>Test</html>");
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(root_));
+
+  GumboNode* body = GetChild(GetChild(root_, 0), 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, body->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_BODY, GetTag(body));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* text = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("Test", text->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, TextAfterHtml) {
+  Parse("<html>Test</html> after doc");
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, body->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_BODY, GetTag(body));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* text = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("Test after doc", text->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, WhitespaceInHead) {
+  Parse("<html>  Test</html>");
+
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, html->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, GetTag(html));
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  GumboNode* head = GetChild(html, 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, head->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HEAD, GetTag(head));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(head));
+
+  GumboNode* body = GetChild(html, 1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, body->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_BODY, GetTag(body));
+
+  GumboNode* text = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("Test", text->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, Doctype) {
+  Parse("<!doctype html>Test");
+  GumboDocument* doc = &root_->v.document;
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, doc->children.length);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_DOCTYPE_NO_QUIRKS, doc->doc_type_quirks_mode);
+
+  EXPECT_STREQ("html", doc->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", doc->public_identifier);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", doc->system_identifier);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, InvalidDoctype) {
+  Parse("Test<!doctype root_element SYSTEM \"DTD_location\">");
+
+  // Default doc token; the declared one is ignored.
+  GumboDocument* doc = &root_->v.document;
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, doc->children.length);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_DOCTYPE_QUIRKS, doc->doc_type_quirks_mode);
+
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", doc->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", doc->public_identifier);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", doc->system_identifier);
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, body->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_BODY, GetTag(body));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* text = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("Test", text->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, SingleComment) {
+  Parse("<!-- comment -->");
+  GumboNode* comment = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_COMMENT, comment->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(" comment ", comment->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, CommentInText) {
+  Parse("Start <!-- comment --> end");
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(3, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* start = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, start->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("Start ", start->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* comment = GetChild(body, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_COMMENT, comment->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(body, comment->parent);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, comment->index_within_parent);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(" comment ", comment->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* end = GetChild(body, 2);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, end->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(" end", end->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, CommentBeforeNode) {
+  Parse("<!--This is a comment-->\n<h1>hello world!</h1>");
+  GumboNode* comment = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_COMMENT, comment->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("This is a comment", comment->v.text.text);
+  EXPECT_EQ(
+      "<!--This is a comment-->", ToString(comment->v.text.original_text));
+
+  // Newline is ignored per the rules for "initial" insertion mode.
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* h1 = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, h1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_H1, h1->v.element.tag);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, CommentInVerbatimMode) {
+  Parse("<body> <div id='onegoogle'>Text</div>  </body><!-- comment \n\n-->");
+
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, html->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, GetTag(html));
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_BY_PARSER | GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLIED |
+                GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG,
+      html->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  GumboNode* body = GetChild(html, 1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, body->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_BODY, GetTag(body));
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, body->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* comment = GetChild(html, 2);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_COMMENT, comment->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, comment->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(" comment \n\n", comment->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, UnknownTag) {
+  Parse("<foo>1<p>2</FOO>");
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* foo = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, foo->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN, GetTag(foo));
+  EXPECT_EQ("<foo>", ToString(foo->v.element.original_tag));
+  // According to the spec, the misplaced end tag is ignored, and so we return
+  // an empty original_end_tag text. We may want to extend our error-reporting
+  // a bit so that we close off the tag that it *would have closed*, had the
+  // HTML been correct, along with a parse flag that says the end tag was in the
+  // wrong place.
+  EXPECT_EQ("", ToString(foo->v.element.original_end_tag));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, UnknownTag2) {
+  Parse("<div><sarcasm><div></div></sarcasm></div>");
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* div = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(div));
+  GumboNode* sarcasm = GetChild(div, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, sarcasm->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN, GetTag(sarcasm));
+  EXPECT_EQ("<sarcasm>", ToString(sarcasm->v.element.original_tag));
+  EXPECT_EQ("</sarcasm>", ToString(sarcasm->v.element.original_end_tag));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, InvalidEndTag) {
+  Parse("<a><img src=foo.jpg></img></a>");
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* a = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, a->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_A, GetTag(a));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(a));
+
+  GumboNode* img = GetChild(a, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, img->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_IMG, GetTag(img));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(img));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, Tables) {
+  Parse(
+      "<html><table>\n"
+      "  <tr><br /></invalid-tag>\n"
+      "    <th>One</th>\n"
+      "    <td>Two</td>\n"
+      "  </tr>\n"
+      "  <iframe></iframe>"
+      "</table><tr></tr><div></div></html>");
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(4, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* br = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, br->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_BR, GetTag(br));
+  EXPECT_EQ(body, br->parent);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, br->index_within_parent);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(br));
+
+  GumboNode* iframe = GetChild(body, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, iframe->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_IFRAME, GetTag(iframe));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(iframe));
+
+  GumboNode* table = GetChild(body, 2);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, table->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TABLE, GetTag(table));
+  EXPECT_EQ(body, table->parent);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, table->index_within_parent);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(table));
+
+  GumboNode* table_text = GetChild(table, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_WHITESPACE, table_text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\n  ", table_text->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* tbody = GetChild(table, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, tbody->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TBODY, GetTag(tbody));
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(tbody));
+  // Second node is whitespace.
+
+  GumboNode* tr = GetChild(tbody, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, tr->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TR, GetTag(tr));
+  ASSERT_EQ(5, GetChildCount(tr));  // Including whitespace.
+
+  GumboNode* tr_text = GetChild(tr, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_WHITESPACE, tr_text->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(tr, tr_text->parent);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, tr_text->index_within_parent);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\n    ", tr_text->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* th = GetChild(tr, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, th->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TH, GetTag(th));
+  EXPECT_EQ(tr, th->parent);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, th->index_within_parent);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(th));
+
+  GumboNode* th_text = GetChild(th, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, th_text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("One", th_text->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* td = GetChild(tr, 3);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, td->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TD, GetTag(td));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(td));
+
+  GumboNode* td_text = GetChild(td, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, td_text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("Two", td_text->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* td2_text = GetChild(td, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, td2_text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("Two", td2_text->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* div = GetChild(body, 3);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, div->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_DIV, GetTag(div));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(div));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, StartParagraphInTable) {
+  Parse("<table><P></tr></td>foo</table>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* paragraph = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, paragraph->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_P, GetTag(paragraph));
+  EXPECT_EQ(body, paragraph->parent);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, paragraph->index_within_parent);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(paragraph));
+
+  GumboNode* text = GetChild(paragraph, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", text->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* table = GetChild(body, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, table->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TABLE, GetTag(table));
+  EXPECT_EQ(body, table->parent);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, table->index_within_parent);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(table));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, EndParagraphInTable) {
+  Parse("<table></p></table>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* paragraph = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, paragraph->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_P, GetTag(paragraph));
+  EXPECT_EQ(body, paragraph->parent);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, paragraph->index_within_parent);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(paragraph));
+
+  GumboNode* table = GetChild(body, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, table->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TABLE, GetTag(table));
+  EXPECT_EQ(body, table->parent);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, table->index_within_parent);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(table));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, UnknownTagInTable) {
+  Parse("<table><foo>bar</table>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* foo = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, foo->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN, GetTag(foo));
+  EXPECT_EQ("<foo>", ToString(foo->v.element.original_tag));
+  EXPECT_EQ(body, foo->parent);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, foo->index_within_parent);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(foo));
+
+  GumboNode* bar = GetChild(foo, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, bar->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("bar", bar->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* table = GetChild(body, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, table->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TABLE, GetTag(table));
+  EXPECT_EQ(body, table->parent);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, table->index_within_parent);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(table));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, UnclosedTableTags) {
+  Parse(
+      "<html><table>\n"
+      "  <tr>\n"
+      "    <td>One\n"
+      "    <td>Two\n"
+      "  <tr><td>Row2\n"
+      "  <tr><td>Row3\n"
+      "</table>\n"
+      "</html>");
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* table = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, table->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TABLE, GetTag(table));
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(table));
+
+  GumboNode* table_text = GetChild(table, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_WHITESPACE, table_text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\n  ", table_text->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* tbody = GetChild(table, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, tbody->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TBODY, GetTag(tbody));
+  ASSERT_EQ(3, GetChildCount(tbody));
+
+  GumboNode* tr = GetChild(tbody, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, tr->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TR, GetTag(tr));
+  ASSERT_EQ(3, GetChildCount(tr));
+
+  GumboNode* tr_text = GetChild(tr, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_WHITESPACE, tr_text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\n    ", tr_text->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* td1 = GetChild(tr, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, td1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TD, GetTag(td1));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(td1));
+
+  GumboNode* td1_text = GetChild(td1, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, td1_text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("One\n    ", td1_text->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* td2 = GetChild(tr, 2);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, td2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TD, GetTag(td2));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(td2));
+
+  GumboNode* td2_text = GetChild(td2, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, td2_text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("Two\n  ", td2_text->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* tr3 = GetChild(tbody, 2);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, tr3->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TR, GetTag(tr3));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(tr3));
+
+  GumboNode* body_text = GetChild(body, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_WHITESPACE, body_text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\n", body_text->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, MisnestedTable) {
+  Parse("<table><tr><div><td></div></table>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* div = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, div->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_DIV, GetTag(div));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(div));
+
+  GumboNode* table = GetChild(body, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, table->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TABLE, GetTag(table));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(table));
+
+  GumboNode* tbody = GetChild(table, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, tbody->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TBODY, GetTag(tbody));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(tbody));
+
+  GumboNode* tr = GetChild(tbody, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, tr->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TR, GetTag(tr));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(tr));
+
+  GumboNode* td = GetChild(tr, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, td->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TD, GetTag(td));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(td));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, MisnestedTable2) {
+  Parse("<table><td>Cell1<table><th>Cell2<tr>Cell3</table>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* table1 = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, table1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TABLE, GetTag(table1));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(table1));
+
+  GumboNode* tbody1 = GetChild(table1, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, tbody1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TBODY, GetTag(tbody1));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(tbody1));
+
+  GumboNode* tr1 = GetChild(tbody1, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, tr1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TR, GetTag(tr1));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(tr1));
+
+  GumboNode* td1 = GetChild(tr1, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, td1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TD, GetTag(td1));
+  ASSERT_EQ(3, GetChildCount(td1));
+
+  GumboNode* cell1 = GetChild(td1, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, cell1->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("Cell1", cell1->v.text.text);
+
+  // Foster-parented out of the inner <tr>
+  GumboNode* cell3 = GetChild(td1, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, cell3->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("Cell3", cell3->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* table2 = GetChild(td1, 2);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, table2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TABLE, GetTag(table2));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(table2));
+
+  GumboNode* tbody2 = GetChild(table2, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, tbody2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TBODY, GetTag(tbody2));
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(tbody2));
+
+  GumboNode* tr2 = GetChild(tbody2, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, tr2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TR, GetTag(tr2));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(tr2));
+
+  GumboNode* th = GetChild(tr2, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, th->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TH, GetTag(th));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(th));
+
+  GumboNode* cell2 = GetChild(th, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, cell2->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("Cell2", cell2->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* tr3 = GetChild(tbody2, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, tr3->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TR, GetTag(tr3));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(tr3));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, Select) {
+  Parse("<select><option>One<option>Two</select><div></div>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* select = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, select->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_SELECT, GetTag(select));
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(select));
+
+  GumboNode* option1 = GetChild(select, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, option1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_OPTION, GetTag(option1));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(option1));
+
+  GumboNode* option2 = GetChild(select, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, option2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_OPTION, GetTag(option2));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(option2));
+
+  GumboNode* div = GetChild(body, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, div->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_DIV, GetTag(div));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(div));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, ComplicatedSelect) {
+  Parse(
+      "<select><div class=foo></div><optgroup><option>Option"
+      "</option><input></optgroup></select>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* select = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, select->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_SELECT, GetTag(select));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(select));
+
+  GumboNode* optgroup = GetChild(select, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, optgroup->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_OPTGROUP, GetTag(optgroup));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(optgroup));
+
+  GumboNode* option = GetChild(optgroup, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, option->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_OPTION, GetTag(option));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(option));
+
+  GumboNode* text = GetChild(option, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("Option", text->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* input = GetChild(body, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, input->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_INPUT, GetTag(input));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(input));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, DoubleSelect) {
+  Parse("<select><select><div></div>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* select = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, select->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_SELECT, GetTag(select));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(select));
+
+  GumboNode* div = GetChild(body, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, div->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_DIV, GetTag(div));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(div));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, InputInSelect) {
+  Parse("<select><input /><div></div>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(3, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* select = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, select->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_SELECT, GetTag(select));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(select));
+
+  GumboNode* input = GetChild(body, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, input->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_INPUT, GetTag(input));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(input));
+
+  GumboNode* div = GetChild(body, 2);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, div->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_DIV, GetTag(div));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(div));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, SelectInTable) {
+  Parse("<table><td><select><option value=1></table>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* table = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, table->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TABLE, GetTag(table));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(table));
+
+  GumboNode* tbody = GetChild(table, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, tbody->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TBODY, GetTag(tbody));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(tbody));
+
+  GumboNode* tr = GetChild(tbody, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, tr->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TR, GetTag(tr));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(tr));
+
+  GumboNode* td = GetChild(tr, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, td->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TD, GetTag(td));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(td));
+
+  GumboNode* select = GetChild(td, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, select->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_SELECT, GetTag(select));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(select));
+
+  GumboNode* option = GetChild(select, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, option->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_OPTION, GetTag(option));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(option));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, ImplicitColgroup) {
+  Parse("<table><col /><col /></table>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* table = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, table->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TABLE, GetTag(table));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(table));
+
+  GumboNode* colgroup = GetChild(table, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, colgroup->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_COLGROUP, GetTag(colgroup));
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(colgroup));
+
+  GumboNode* col1 = GetChild(colgroup, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, col1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_COL, GetTag(col1));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(col1));
+
+  GumboNode* col2 = GetChild(colgroup, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, col2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_COL, GetTag(col2));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(col2));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, Form) {
+  Parse("<form><input type=hidden /></form>After form");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* form = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, form->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_FORM, GetTag(form));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(form));
+
+  GumboNode* input = GetChild(form, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, input->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_INPUT, GetTag(input));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(input));
+
+  GumboNode* text = GetChild(body, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("After form", text->v.text.text);
+}
+
+// See: https://github.com/google/gumbo-parser/issues/350
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, FormEndPos) {
+  Parse(" <form><input type=hidden /></form>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* form = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, form->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_FORM, GetTag(form));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(form));
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(form->v.element.start_pos.offset, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(form->v.element.end_pos.offset, 28);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, NestedForm) {
+  Parse("<form><label>Label</label><form><input id=input2></form>After form");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* form = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, form->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_FORM, GetTag(form));
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(form));
+
+  GumboNode* label = GetChild(form, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, label->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_LABEL, GetTag(label));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(label));
+
+  GumboNode* input = GetChild(form, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, input->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_INPUT, GetTag(input));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(input));
+
+  GumboNode* text = GetChild(body, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("After form", text->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, MisnestedFormInTable) {
+  // Parse of this is somewhat weird. The first <form> is opened outside the
+  // table, so when </form> checks to see if there's a form in scope, it stops
+  // at the <table> boundary and returns null. The form pointer is nulled out
+  // anyway, though, which means that the second form (parsed in the table body
+  // state) ends up creating an element. It's immediately popped off
+  // the stack, but the form element pointer remains set to that node (which is
+  // not on the stack of open elements). The final </form> tag triggers the
+  // "does not have node in scope" clause and is ignored. (Note that this is
+  // different from "has a form element in scope" - the first form is still in
+  // scope at that point, but the form pointer does not point to it.) Then the
+  // original <form> element is closed implicitly when the table cell is closed.
+  Parse(
+      "<table><tr><td>"
+      "<form><table><tr><td></td></tr></form>"
+      "<form></tr></table></form>"
+      "</td></tr></table");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* table1 = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, table1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TABLE, GetTag(table1));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(table1));
+
+  GumboNode* tbody1 = GetChild(table1, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, tbody1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TBODY, GetTag(tbody1));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(tbody1));
+
+  GumboNode* tr1 = GetChild(tbody1, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, tr1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TR, GetTag(tr1));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(tr1));
+
+  GumboNode* td1 = GetChild(tr1, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, td1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TD, GetTag(td1));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(td1));
+
+  GumboNode* form1 = GetChild(td1, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, form1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_FORM, GetTag(form1));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(form1));
+
+  GumboNode* table2 = GetChild(form1, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, table2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TABLE, GetTag(table2));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(table2));
+
+  GumboNode* tbody2 = GetChild(table2, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, tbody2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TBODY, GetTag(tbody2));
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(tbody2));
+
+  GumboNode* tr2 = GetChild(tbody2, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, tr2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TR, GetTag(tr2));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(tr2));
+
+  GumboNode* form2 = GetChild(tbody2, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, form2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_FORM, GetTag(form2));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(form2));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, NestedRawtextTags) {
+  Parse(
+      "<noscript><noscript jstag=false>"
+      "<style>div{text-align:center}</style></noscript>");
+
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, html->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, GetTag(html));
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_BY_PARSER | GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG |
+                GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLIED,
+      html->parse_flags);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  GumboNode* head = GetChild(html, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, head->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HEAD, GetTag(head));
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_BY_PARSER | GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG |
+                GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLIED,
+      head->parse_flags);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(head));
+
+  GumboNode* noscript = GetChild(head, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, noscript->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_NOSCRIPT, GetTag(noscript));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(noscript));
+
+  GumboNode* style = GetChild(noscript, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, style->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_STYLE, GetTag(style));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(style));
+
+  GumboNode* text = GetChild(style, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("div{text-align:center}", text->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, RawtextInBody) {
+  Parse("<body><noembed jsif=false></noembed>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* noembed = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, noembed->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_NOEMBED, GetTag(noembed));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetAttributeCount(noembed));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, MetaBeforeHead) {
+  Parse (
+    "<html><meta http-equiv='content-type' "
+    "content='text/html; charset=UTF-8' /><head></head>"
+  );
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  // Testing for a memory leak here, but
+  // TODO(jdtang): Flesh out structural asserts.
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, NoahsArkClause) {
+  Parse (
+    "<p><font size=4><font color=red><font size=4><font size=4>"
+    "<font size=4><font size=4><font size=4><font color=red><p>X"
+  );
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* p1 = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, p1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_P, p1->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(p1));
+
+  GumboNode* size1 = GetChild(p1, 0);
+  GumboNode* red1 = GetChild(size1, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, red1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_FONT, red1->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetAttributeCount(red1));
+  GumboAttribute* red1_attr = GetAttribute(red1, 0);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("color", red1_attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("red", red1_attr->value);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(red1));
+
+  GumboNode* p2 = GetChild(body, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, p2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_P, p2->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(p2));
+
+  GumboNode* red2 = GetChild(p2, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, red2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_FONT, red2->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetAttributeCount(red2));
+  GumboAttribute* red2_attr = GetAttribute(red2, 0);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("color", red2_attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("red", red2_attr->value);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(red2));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, AdoptionAgency1) {
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#misnested-tags:-b-i-/b-/i
+  Parse("<p>1<b>2<i>3</b>4</i>5</p>");
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(root_));
+
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, html->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_BY_PARSER | GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG |
+                GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLIED,
+      html->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, html->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  GumboNode* body = GetChild(html, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, body->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_BY_PARSER | GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG |
+                GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLIED,
+      body->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_BODY, body->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* p = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, p->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, p->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_P, p->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(4, GetChildCount(p));
+
+  GumboNode* text1 = GetChild(p, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, text1->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("1", text1->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* b = GetChild(p, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, b->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, b->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_B, b->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(b));
+
+  GumboNode* text2 = GetChild(b, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, text2->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("2", text2->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* i = GetChild(b, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, i->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG, i->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_I, i->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(i));
+
+  GumboNode* text3 = GetChild(i, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text3->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, text2->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("3", text3->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* i2 = GetChild(p, 2);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, i2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_BY_PARSER |
+                GUMBO_INSERTION_RECONSTRUCTED_FORMATTING_ELEMENT,
+      i2->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_I, i2->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(i2));
+
+  GumboNode* text4 = GetChild(i2, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text4->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, text2->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("4", text4->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* text5 = GetChild(p, 3);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text5->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, text2->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("5", text5->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, AdoptionAgency2) {
+  // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#misnested-tags:-b-p-/b-/p
+  Parse("<b>1<p>2</b>3</p>");
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(root_));
+
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, html->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_BY_PARSER | GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG |
+                GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLIED,
+      html->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, html->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  GumboNode* body = GetChild(html, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, body->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_BY_PARSER | GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG |
+                GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLIED,
+      body->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_BODY, body->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* b = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, b->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG, b->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_B, b->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(b));
+
+  GumboNode* text1 = GetChild(b, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, text1->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("1", text1->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* p = GetChild(body, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, p->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_ADOPTION_AGENCY_MOVED, p->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_P, p->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(p));
+
+  GumboNode* b2 = GetChild(p, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, b2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_ADOPTION_AGENCY_CLONED | GUMBO_INSERTION_BY_PARSER,
+      b2->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_B, b2->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(b2));
+
+  GumboNode* text2 = GetChild(b2, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, text2->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("2", text2->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* text3 = GetChild(p, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text3->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, text2->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("3", text3->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, AdoptionAgency3) {
+  Parse("<div><a><b><u><i><code><div></a>");
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, ImplicitlyCloseLists) {
+  Parse(
+      "<ul>\n"
+      "  <li>First\n"
+      "  <li>Second\n"
+      "</ul>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* ul = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, ul->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_UL, GetTag(ul));
+  ASSERT_EQ(3, GetChildCount(ul));
+
+  GumboNode* text = GetChild(ul, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_WHITESPACE, text->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, text->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\n  ", text->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* li1 = GetChild(ul, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, li1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_LI, GetTag(li1));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(li1));
+
+  GumboNode* li2 = GetChild(ul, 2);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, li2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_LI, GetTag(li2));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(li2));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, CData) {
+  Parse("<svg><![CDATA[this is text]]></svg>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* svg = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(svg));
+
+  GumboNode* cdata = GetChild(svg, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_CDATA, cdata->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("this is text", cdata->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, CDataUnsafe) {
+  // Can't use Parse() because of the strlen
+  output_ =
+      gumbo_parse_with_options(&options_, "<svg><![CDATA[\0filler\0text\0]]>",
+          sizeof("<svg><![CDATA[\0filler\0text\0]]>") - 1);
+  root_ = output_->document;
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* svg = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(svg));
+
+  GumboNode* cdata = GetChild(svg, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_CDATA, cdata->type);
+  // \xEF\xBF\xBD = unicode replacement char
+  EXPECT_STREQ(
+      "\xEF\xBF\xBD"
+      "filler\xEF\xBF\xBD"
+      "text\xEF\xBF\xBD",
+      cdata->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, CDataInBody) {
+  Parse("<div><![CDATA[this is text]]></div>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* div = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(div));
+
+  GumboNode* cdata = GetChild(div, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_COMMENT, cdata->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("[CDATA[this is text]]", cdata->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, CDataInHTMLFragment) {
+  ParseFragment("<![CDATA[this is text]]>", "div", GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(root_));
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, html->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, html->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(html));
+  GumboNode* cdata = GetChild(html, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_COMMENT, cdata->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("[CDATA[this is text]]", cdata->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, CDataInSVGFragment) {
+  ParseFragment("<![CDATA[this is text]]>", "svg", GUMBO_NAMESPACE_SVG);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(root_));
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, html->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, html->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(html));
+  GumboNode* cdata = GetChild(html, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_CDATA, cdata->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("this is text", cdata->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, FormattingTagsInHeading) {
+  Parse("<h2>This is <b>old</h2>text");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* h2 = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, h2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_H2, GetTag(h2));
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(h2));
+
+  GumboNode* text1 = GetChild(h2, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, text1->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("This is ", text1->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* b = GetChild(h2, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, b->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_B, GetTag(b));
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG, b->parse_flags);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(b));
+
+  GumboNode* text2 = GetChild(b, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, text2->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("old", text2->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* b2 = GetChild(body, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, b2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_B, GetTag(b2));
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_IMPLICIT_END_TAG | GUMBO_INSERTION_BY_PARSER |
+                GUMBO_INSERTION_RECONSTRUCTED_FORMATTING_ELEMENT,
+      b2->parse_flags);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(b2));
+
+  GumboNode* text3 = GetChild(b2, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text3->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, text3->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("text", text3->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, ExtraReconstruction) {
+  Parse("<span><b></span></p>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, GetTag(GetChild(body, 0)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_P, GetTag(GetChild(body, 1)));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, LinkifiedHeading) {
+  Parse("<li><h3><a href=#foo>Text</a></h3><div>Summary</div>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* li = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, li->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_LI, GetTag(li));
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(li));
+
+  GumboNode* h3 = GetChild(li, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, h3->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_H3, GetTag(h3));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(h3));
+
+  GumboNode* anchor = GetChild(h3, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, anchor->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_A, GetTag(anchor));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(anchor));
+
+  GumboNode* div = GetChild(li, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, div->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_DIV, GetTag(div));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(div));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, MisnestedHeading) {
+  Parse(
+      "<h1>"
+      "  <section>"
+      "    <h2>"
+      "      <dl><dt>List"
+      "    </h1>"
+      "  </section>"
+      "  Heading1"
+      "<h3>Heading3</h4>"
+      "After</h3> text");
+  // The parse of this is pretty weird: according to the spec, it should be:
+  // <html>
+  //   <head></head>
+  //   <body>
+  //     <h1>
+  //       <section>
+  //         <h2><dl><dt>List</dt></dl></h2>
+  //       </section>
+  //       Heading1
+  //     </h1>
+  //     <h3>Heading3</h3>
+  //     After text
+  //   </body>
+  // </html>
+  // Explanation:
+  // <html>, <head>, and <body> tags are implied. The opening <h1> and <section
+  // tags function as expected. Because the current node is <section>, the <h2>
+  // does *not* close the existing <h1>, and then we enter a definition list.
+  // The closing </h1>, even though it's misnested, causes the <dt> to be closed
+  // implicitly, then also closes the <dl> and <h2> as a parse error. <h1> is
+  // still open, and so "Heading1" goes into it. Because the current node is a
+  // heading tag, <h3> closes it (as a parse error) and reopens a new <h3> node,
+  // which is closed by the </h4> tag. The remaining text goes straight into
+  // the <body>; since no heading is open, the </h3> tag is ignored and the
+  // second run is condensed into the first.
+  // TODO(jdtang): Make sure that parse_flags are set appropriately for this.
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(3, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* h1 = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, h1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_H1, GetTag(h1));
+  ASSERT_EQ(3, GetChildCount(h1));
+  // Child 1 is whitespace, as it is for many of these nodes.
+
+  GumboNode* section = GetChild(h1, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, section->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_SECTION, GetTag(section));
+  ASSERT_EQ(3, GetChildCount(section));
+
+  GumboNode* h2 = GetChild(section, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, h2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_H2, GetTag(h2));
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(h2));
+
+  GumboNode* dl = GetChild(h2, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, dl->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_DL, GetTag(dl));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(dl));
+
+  GumboNode* dt = GetChild(dl, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, dt->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_DT, GetTag(dt));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(dt));
+
+  GumboNode* text1 = GetChild(dt, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, text1->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("List    ", text1->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* text2 = GetChild(h1, 2);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text2->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, text2->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("  Heading1", text2->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* h3 = GetChild(body, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, h3->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_H3, GetTag(h3));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(h3));
+
+  GumboNode* text3 = GetChild(h3, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text3->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, text3->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("Heading3", text3->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* text4 = GetChild(body, 2);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text4->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, text4->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("After text", text4->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, DoubleBody) {
+  Parse("<body class=first><body class=second id=merged>Text</body></body>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetAttributeCount(body));
+
+  GumboAttribute* clas = GetAttribute(body, 0);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("class", clas->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("first", clas->value);
+
+  GumboAttribute* id = GetAttribute(body, 1);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("id", id->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("merged", id->value);
+
+  GumboNode* text = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_INSERTION_NORMAL, text->parse_flags);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("Text", text->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, ThInMathMl) {
+  Parse("<math><th><mI><table></table><tr></table><div><tr>0");
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* math = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, math->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_MATH, math->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_MATHML, math->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(math));
+
+  GumboNode* th = GetChild(math, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, th->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TH, th->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_MATHML, th->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(th));
+
+  GumboNode* mi = GetChild(th, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, mi->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_MI, mi->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_MATHML, mi->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(mi));
+
+  GumboNode* table = GetChild(mi, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, table->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TABLE, table->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML, table->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(table));
+
+  GumboNode* div = GetChild(mi, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, div->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_DIV, div->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML, div->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(div));
+
+  GumboNode* text = GetChild(div, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text->type);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("0", text->v.text.text);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, TdInMathml) {
+  Parse("<table><th><math><td></tr>");
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* table = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, table->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TABLE, table->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML, table->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(table));
+
+  GumboNode* tbody = GetChild(table, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, tbody->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TBODY, tbody->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML, tbody->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(tbody));
+
+  GumboNode* tr = GetChild(tbody, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, tr->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TR, tr->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML, tr->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(tr));
+
+  GumboNode* th = GetChild(tr, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, th->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TH, th->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML, th->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(th));
+
+  GumboNode* math = GetChild(th, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, math->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_MATH, math->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_MATHML, math->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(math));
+
+  GumboNode* td = GetChild(math, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, td->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TD, td->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_MATHML, td->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(td));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, SelectInForeignContent) {
+  Parse("<svg><select><foreignobject><select><select><select>");
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, TemplateInForeignContent) {
+  Parse("<template><svg><template>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  GumboNode* head = GetChild(html, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(head));
+
+  GumboNode* template_node = GetChild(head, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE, template_node->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE, template_node->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(template_node));
+
+  GumboNode* svg_node = GetChild(template_node, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, svg_node->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_SVG, svg_node->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_SVG, svg_node->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(svg_node));
+
+  GumboNode* svg_template = GetChild(svg_node, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, svg_template->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE, svg_template->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_SVG, svg_template->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(svg_template));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, TemplateNull) {
+  output_ = gumbo_parse_with_options(
+      &options_, "<template>\0", sizeof("<template>\0") - 1);
+  root_ = output_->document;
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  GumboNode* head = GetChild(html, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(head));
+
+  GumboNode* template_node = GetChild(head, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEMPLATE, template_node->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE, template_node->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(template_node));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, FragmentWithNamespace) {
+  ParseFragment("<div></div>", "title", GUMBO_NAMESPACE_SVG);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(root_));
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, html->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, html->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  GumboNode* div = GetChild(html, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, div->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_DIV, div->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(div));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, FragmentWithTwoNodes) {
+  ParseFragment("<h1>Hi</h1><br>", "body", GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(root_));
+
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, html->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, html->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  GumboNode* h1 = GetChild(html, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, h1->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_H1, h1->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(h1));
+
+  GumboNode* br = GetChild(html, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, br->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_BR, br->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(br));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, CrazyName) {
+  Parse("<body><WhatAcrazyNAME></WhatAcrazyNAME>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* node = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, node->type);
+  ASSERT_EQ(std::string("whatacrazyname"), node->v.element.name);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, SVGForeignObjectName) {
+  Parse("<body><SVG><FOREIGNOBJECT></FOREIGNOBJECT></SVG>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* svg = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, svg->type);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_SVG, svg->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(std::string("svg"), svg->v.element.name);
+
+  GumboNode* node = GetChild(svg, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, node->type);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_FOREIGNOBJECT, node->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(std::string("foreignObject"), node->v.element.name);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, NonSVGForeignObjectName) {
+  Parse("<body><MATH><FOREIGNOBJECT></FOREIGNOBJECT></math>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* math = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, math->type);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_MATH, math->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(std::string("math"), math->v.element.name);
+
+  GumboNode* node = GetChild(math, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, node->type);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_FOREIGNOBJECT, node->v.element.tag);
+  // Note the lowercase o compared to above
+  ASSERT_EQ(std::string("foreignobject"), node->v.element.name);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, HTMLElementMismatch) {
+  Parse("<!DOCTYPE html><foo><bar></foo><p>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* foo = GetChild(body, 0);
+  // If foo becomes a tag at some point, change the example.
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN, foo->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("foo"), foo->v.element.name);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(foo));
+
+  GumboNode* bar = GetChild(foo, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN, bar->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("bar"), bar->v.element.name);
+
+  GumboNode* p = GetChild(body, 1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("p"), p->v.element.name);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, ForeignElementMismatch) {
+  Parse("<!DOCTYPE html><math><foo><bar></foo><extra /></math>");
+
+  GumboNode* body;
+  GetAndAssertBody(root_, &body);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* math = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(std::string("math"), math->v.element.name);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(math));
+
+  GumboNode* foo = GetChild(math, 0);
+  // If foo becomes a tag at some point, change the example.
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN, foo->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("foo"), foo->v.element.name);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(foo));
+
+  GumboNode* bar = GetChild(foo, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN, bar->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("bar"), bar->v.element.name);
+
+  GumboNode* extra = GetChild(math, 1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("extra"), extra->v.element.name);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, FragmentAtAnnotationXML_text_html) {
+  ParseFragment("<a></a>", "annotation-xml", GUMBO_NAMESPACE_MATHML, "text/html");
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(root_));
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, html->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, html->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  GumboNode* a = GetChild(html, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, a->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_A, a->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML, a->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(a));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, FragmentAtAnnotationXML_application_xhtml_xml) {
+  ParseFragment("<a></a>", "annotation-xml", GUMBO_NAMESPACE_MATHML, "application/xhtml+xml");
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(root_));
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, html->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, html->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  GumboNode* a = GetChild(html, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, a->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_A, a->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML, a->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(a));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, FragmentAtAnnotationXML_other) {
+  ParseFragment("<a></a>", "annotation-xml", GUMBO_NAMESPACE_MATHML, "not one of those");
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(root_));
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, html->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, html->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  GumboNode* a = GetChild(html, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, a->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_A, a->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_MATHML, a->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(a));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, DoctypePrefixPublicId) {
+  Parse("<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"+//Silmaril//dtd html Pro v0r11 19970101//extra\">");
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("+//Silmaril//dtd html Pro v0r11 19970101//extra"),
+	    output_->document->v.document.public_identifier);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_DOCTYPE_QUIRKS, output_->document->v.document.doc_type_quirks_mode);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, DoctypePublicIdHTML) {
+  Parse("<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"HTML\">");
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("HTML"),
+	    output_->document->v.document.public_identifier);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_DOCTYPE_QUIRKS, output_->document->v.document.doc_type_quirks_mode);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, DoctypePublicIdHTMLblah) {
+  Parse("<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"HTMLblah\">");
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("HTMLblah"),
+	    output_->document->v.document.public_identifier);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_DOCTYPE_NO_QUIRKS, output_->document->v.document.doc_type_quirks_mode);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, DoctypeLimitedQuirksPrefix) {
+  Parse("<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Frameset//asdf\">");
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Frameset//asdf"),
+	    output_->document->v.document.public_identifier);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_DOCTYPE_LIMITED_QUIRKS, output_->document->v.document.doc_type_quirks_mode);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, DoctypeLimitedQuirks) {
+  Parse("<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Frameset//\">");
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Frameset//"),
+	    output_->document->v.document.public_identifier);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_DOCTYPE_LIMITED_QUIRKS, output_->document->v.document.doc_type_quirks_mode);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, FragmentWithForm) {
+  ParseFragment("<form><span></span></form>", "div", GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML, NULL, /* form */ true);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, output_->errors.length); // Nested forms errors (one per tag).
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(root_));
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, html->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, html->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  GumboNode* span = GetChild(html, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, span->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, span->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(span));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, FragmentWithoutForm) {
+  ParseFragment("<form><span></span></form>", "div", GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML, NULL, /* form */ false);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, output_->errors.length);
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(root_));
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, html->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, html->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  GumboNode* form = GetChild(html, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, form->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_FORM, form->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(form));
+
+  GumboNode* span = GetChild(form, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, span->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, span->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(span));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, ForeignFragment) {
+  ParseFragment("</p><foo>", "svg", GUMBO_NAMESPACE_SVG);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(root_));
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, html->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, html->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(html));
+  GumboNode* p = GetChild(html, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, p->type);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_P, p->v.element.tag);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML, p->v.element.tag_namespace);
+
+  GumboNode* foo = GetChild(html, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, foo->type);
+  ASSERT_EQ(std::string("foo"), foo->v.element.name);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_SVG, foo->v.element.tag_namespace);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboParserTest, FosterParenting) {
+  Parse("<!doctype><body><table><colgroup><svg><g>foo</g><g>bar</g><p>baz</table><p>quux");
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(root_));
+  GumboNode* html = GetChild(root_, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, html->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, html->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(html));
+
+  GumboNode* body = GetChild(html, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, body->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_BODY, body->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(4, GetChildCount(body));
+
+  GumboNode* svg = GetChild(body, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, svg->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_SVG, svg->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_SVG, svg->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, GetChildCount(svg));
+
+  GumboNode* g = GetChild(svg, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, g->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("g"), g->v.element.name);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_SVG, g->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(g));
+
+  GumboNode* text = GetChild(g, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("foo"), text->v.text.text);
+
+  g = GetChild(svg, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, g->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("g"), g->v.element.name);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_SVG, g->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(g));
+
+  text = GetChild(g, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("bar"), text->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* p = GetChild(body, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, p->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_P, p->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML, p->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(p));
+
+  text = GetChild(p, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("baz"), text->v.text.text);
+
+  GumboNode* table = GetChild(body, 2);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, table->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TABLE, table->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML, table->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(table));
+
+  GumboNode* colgroup = GetChild(table, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, colgroup->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_COLGROUP, colgroup->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML, colgroup->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetChildCount(colgroup));
+
+  p = GetChild(body, 3);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, p->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_P, p->v.element.tag);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_NAMESPACE_HTML, p->v.element.tag_namespace);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetChildCount(p));
+
+  text = GetChild(p, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_TEXT, text->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("quux"), text->v.text.text);
+}
+
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/test/string_buffer.cc b/gumbo-parser/test/string_buffer.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..01102985d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/test/string_buffer.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+// Copyright 2011 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// Author: jdtang@google.com (Jonathan Tang)
+
+#include "string_buffer.h"
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "test_utils.h"
+#include "util.h"
+
+namespace {
+
+#define INIT_GUMBO_STRING(varname, literal) \
+  GumboStringPiece varname = {literal, sizeof(literal) - 1}
+
+class GumboStringBufferTest : public GumboTest {
+ protected:
+  GumboStringBufferTest() { gumbo_string_buffer_init(&buffer_); }
+
+  ~GumboStringBufferTest() { gumbo_string_buffer_destroy(&buffer_); }
+
+  void NullTerminateBuffer() { buffer_.data[buffer_.length++] = 0; }
+
+  GumboStringBuffer buffer_;
+};
+
+TEST_F(GumboStringBufferTest, Reserve) {
+  gumbo_string_buffer_reserve(21, &buffer_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(40, buffer_.capacity);
+  strcpy(buffer_.data, "01234567890123456789");
+  buffer_.length = 20;
+  NullTerminateBuffer();
+  EXPECT_EQ(21, buffer_.length);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("01234567890123456789", buffer_.data);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboStringBufferTest, AppendString) {
+  INIT_GUMBO_STRING(str, "01234567");
+  gumbo_string_buffer_append_string(&str, &buffer_);
+  NullTerminateBuffer();
+  EXPECT_STREQ("01234567", buffer_.data);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboStringBufferTest, AppendStringWithResize) {
+  INIT_GUMBO_STRING(str, "01234567");
+  gumbo_string_buffer_append_string(&str, &buffer_);
+  gumbo_string_buffer_append_string(&str, &buffer_);
+  NullTerminateBuffer();
+  EXPECT_STREQ("0123456701234567", buffer_.data);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboStringBufferTest, AppendCodepoint_1Byte) {
+  gumbo_string_buffer_append_codepoint('a', &buffer_);
+  NullTerminateBuffer();
+  EXPECT_STREQ("a", buffer_.data);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboStringBufferTest, AppendCodepoint_2Bytes) {
+  gumbo_string_buffer_append_codepoint(0xE5, &buffer_);
+  NullTerminateBuffer();
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xC3\xA5", buffer_.data);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboStringBufferTest, AppendCodepoint_3Bytes) {
+  gumbo_string_buffer_append_codepoint(0x39E7, &buffer_);
+  NullTerminateBuffer();
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xE3\xA7\xA7", buffer_.data);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboStringBufferTest, AppendCodepoint_4Bytes) {
+  gumbo_string_buffer_append_codepoint(0x679E7, &buffer_);
+  NullTerminateBuffer();
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xF1\xA7\xA7\xA7", buffer_.data);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboStringBufferTest, ToString) {
+  gumbo_string_buffer_reserve(8, &buffer_);
+  strcpy(buffer_.data, "012345");
+  buffer_.length = 7;
+
+  char* dest = gumbo_string_buffer_to_string(&buffer_);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("012345", dest);
+  gumbo_free(dest);
+}
+
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/test/string_piece.cc b/gumbo-parser/test/string_piece.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..db2d5f3cd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/test/string_piece.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+// Copyright 2011 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// Author: jdtang@google.com (Jonathan Tang)
+
+#include "test_utils.h"
+
+namespace {
+
+typedef GumboTest GumboStringPieceTest;
+
+#define STRING(s) {"" s, sizeof(s) - 1}
+
+TEST_F(GumboStringPieceTest, Equal) {
+  const GumboStringPiece str1 = STRING("foo");
+  const GumboStringPiece str2 = STRING("foo");
+  EXPECT_TRUE(gumbo_string_equals(&str1, &str2));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboStringPieceTest, NotEqual_DifferingCase) {
+  const GumboStringPiece str1 = STRING("foo");
+  const GumboStringPiece str2 = STRING("Foo");
+  EXPECT_FALSE(gumbo_string_equals(&str1, &str2));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboStringPieceTest, NotEqual_Str1Shorter) {
+  const GumboStringPiece str1 = STRING("foo");
+  const GumboStringPiece str2 = STRING("foobar");
+  EXPECT_FALSE(gumbo_string_equals(&str1, &str2));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboStringPieceTest, NotEqual_Str2Shorter) {
+  const GumboStringPiece str1 = STRING("foobar");
+  const GumboStringPiece str2 = STRING("foo");
+  EXPECT_FALSE(gumbo_string_equals(&str1, &str2));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboStringPieceTest, NotEqual_DifferentText) {
+  const GumboStringPiece str1 = STRING("bar");
+  const GumboStringPiece str2 = STRING("foo");
+  EXPECT_FALSE(gumbo_string_equals(&str1, &str2));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboStringPieceTest, CaseEqual) {
+  const GumboStringPiece str1 = STRING("foo");
+  const GumboStringPiece str2 = STRING("fOO");
+  EXPECT_TRUE(gumbo_string_equals_ignore_case(&str1, &str2));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboStringPieceTest, CaseNotEqual_Str2Shorter) {
+  const GumboStringPiece str1 = STRING("foobar");
+  const GumboStringPiece str2 = STRING("foo");
+  EXPECT_FALSE(gumbo_string_equals_ignore_case(&str1, &str2));
+}
+
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/test/test_utils.cc b/gumbo-parser/test/test_utils.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b39bac7cc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/test/test_utils.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// Author: jdtang@google.com (Jonathan Tang)
+
+#include "test_utils.h"
+
+#include "error.h"
+#include "util.h"
+
+int GetChildCount(GumboNode* node) {
+  if (node->type == GUMBO_NODE_DOCUMENT) {
+    return node->v.document.children.length;
+  } else {
+    return node->v.element.children.length;
+  }
+}
+
+GumboTag GetTag(GumboNode* node) { return node->v.element.tag; }
+
+GumboNode* GetChild(GumboNode* parent, int index) {
+  if (parent->type == GUMBO_NODE_DOCUMENT) {
+    return static_cast<GumboNode*>(parent->v.document.children.data[index]);
+  } else {
+    return static_cast<GumboNode*>(parent->v.element.children.data[index]);
+  }
+}
+
+int GetAttributeCount(GumboNode* node) {
+  return node->v.element.attributes.length;
+}
+
+GumboAttribute* GetAttribute(GumboNode* node, int index) {
+  return static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(node->v.element.attributes.data[index]);
+}
+
+// Convenience function to do some basic assertions on the structure of the
+// document (nodes are elements, nodes have the right tags) and then return
+// the body node.
+void GetAndAssertBody(GumboNode* root, GumboNode** body) {
+  GumboNode* html = NULL;
+  for (int i = 0; i < GetChildCount(root); ++i) {
+    GumboNode* child = GetChild(root, i);
+    if (child->type != GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT) {
+      ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_COMMENT, child->type);
+      continue;
+    }
+    ASSERT_TRUE(html == NULL);
+    html = child;
+  }
+  ASSERT_TRUE(html != NULL);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT, html->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, GetTag(html));
+
+  // There may be comment/whitespace nodes; this walks through the children of
+  // <html> and assigns head/body based on them, or assert-fails if there are
+  // fewer/more than 2 such nodes.
+  GumboNode* head = NULL;
+  *body = NULL;
+  for (int i = 0; i < GetChildCount(html); ++i) {
+    GumboNode* child = GetChild(html, i);
+    if (child->type != GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (!head) {
+      head = child;
+      EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HEAD, GetTag(head));
+    } else if (!(*body)) {
+      *body = child;
+      EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_BODY, GetTag(*body));
+    } else {
+      ASSERT_TRUE("More than two elements found inside <html>" != NULL);
+    }
+  }
+  EXPECT_TRUE(head != NULL);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(*body != NULL);
+}
+
+void SanityCheckPointers(
+    const char* input, size_t input_length, const GumboNode* node, int depth) {
+  ASSERT_GE(input_length, (size_t) 0);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(node != NULL);
+  // There are some truly pathological HTML documents out there - the
+  // integration tests for this include one where the DOM "tree" is actually a
+  // linked list 27,500 nodes deep - and so we need a limit on the recursion
+  // depth here to avoid blowing the stack. Alternatively, we could externalize
+  // the stack and use an iterative algorithm, but that gets us very little for
+  // the additional programming complexity.
+  if (node->type == GUMBO_NODE_DOCUMENT || depth > 400) {
+    // Don't sanity-check the document as well...we start with the root.
+    return;
+  }
+  if (node->type == GUMBO_NODE_ELEMENT) {
+    const GumboElement* element = &node->v.element;
+    // Sanity checks on original* pointers, making sure they fall within the
+    // original input.
+    if (element->original_tag.data && element->original_tag.length) {
+      EXPECT_GE(element->original_tag.data, input);
+      EXPECT_LT(element->original_tag.data, input + input_length);
+      EXPECT_LE(element->original_tag.length, input_length);
+    }
+    if (element->original_end_tag.data && element->original_tag.length) {
+      EXPECT_GE(element->original_end_tag.data, input);
+      EXPECT_LT(element->original_end_tag.data, input + input_length);
+      EXPECT_LE(element->original_end_tag.length, input_length);
+    }
+    EXPECT_GE(element->start_pos.offset, 0);
+    EXPECT_LE(element->start_pos.offset, input_length);
+    EXPECT_GE(element->end_pos.offset, 0);
+    EXPECT_LE(element->end_pos.offset, input_length);
+
+    const GumboVector* children = &element->children;
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < children->length; ++i) {
+      const GumboNode* child = static_cast<const GumboNode*>(children->data[i]);
+      // Checks on parent/child links.
+      ASSERT_TRUE(child != NULL);
+      EXPECT_EQ(node, child->parent);
+      EXPECT_EQ(i, child->index_within_parent);
+      SanityCheckPointers(input, input_length, child, depth + 1);
+    }
+  } else {
+    const GumboText* text = &node->v.text;
+    EXPECT_GE(text->original_text.data, input);
+    EXPECT_LT(text->original_text.data, input + input_length);
+    EXPECT_LE(text->original_text.length, input_length);
+    EXPECT_GE(text->start_pos.offset, 0);
+    EXPECT_LT(text->start_pos.offset, input_length);
+  }
+}
+
+GumboTest::GumboTest()
+    : options_(kGumboDefaultOptions), errors_are_expected_(false), text_("") {
+  options_.max_errors = 100;
+  parser_._options = &options_;
+  parser_._output = static_cast<GumboOutput*>(gumbo_alloc(sizeof(GumboOutput)));
+  gumbo_init_errors(&parser_);
+}
+
+GumboTest::~GumboTest() {
+  if (!errors_are_expected_) {
+    // TODO(jdtang): A googlemock matcher may be a more appropriate solution for
+    // this; we only want to pretty-print errors that are not an expected
+    // output of the test.
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < parser_._output->errors.length && i < 1; ++i) {
+      gumbo_print_caret_diagnostic (
+        static_cast<GumboError*>(parser_._output->errors.data[i]),
+        text_,
+	strlen(text_)
+      );
+    }
+  }
+  gumbo_destroy_errors(&parser_);
+  gumbo_free(parser_._output);
+}
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/test/test_utils.h b/gumbo-parser/test/test_utils.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..620ba99c6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/test/test_utils.h
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+// Copyright 2011 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// Author: jdtang@google.com (Jonathan Tang)
+
+#ifndef GUMBO_TEST_UTILS_H_
+#define GUMBO_TEST_UTILS_H_
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "gumbo.h"
+#include "parser.h"
+
+inline std::string ToString(const GumboStringPiece& str) {
+  return std::string(str.data, str.length);
+}
+
+int GetChildCount(GumboNode* node);
+GumboTag GetTag(GumboNode* node);
+GumboNode* GetChild(GumboNode* parent, int index);
+int GetAttributeCount(GumboNode* node);
+GumboAttribute* GetAttribute(GumboNode* node, int index);
+
+// Convenience function to do some basic assertions on the structure of the
+// document (nodes are elements, nodes have the right tags) and then return
+// the body node.
+void GetAndAssertBody(GumboNode* root, GumboNode** body);
+
+void SanityCheckPointers (
+  const char* input,
+  size_t input_length,
+  const GumboNode* node,
+  int depth
+);
+
+// Base class for Gumbo tests. This provides an GumboParser object that's
+// been initialized to sane values, as normally happens in the beginning of
+// gumbo_parse, and then a destructor that cleans up after it.
+class GumboTest : public ::testing::Test {
+ protected:
+  GumboTest();
+  virtual ~GumboTest();
+
+  GumboOptions options_;
+  GumboParser parser_;
+  bool errors_are_expected_;
+  const char* text_;
+};
+
+#endif  // GUMBO_TEST_UTILS_H_
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/test/token_buffer.cc b/gumbo-parser/test/token_buffer.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..35a9bb2c8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/test/token_buffer.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+// Copyright 2018 Stephen Checkoway
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "token_buffer.h"
+#include "tokenizer.h"
+
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "test_utils.h"
+#include "util.h"
+
+namespace {
+
+class GumboCharacterTokenBufferTest : public GumboTest {
+ protected:
+  GumboCharacterTokenBufferTest() {
+    gumbo_character_token_buffer_init(&buffer_);
+  }
+  virtual ~GumboCharacterTokenBufferTest() {
+    gumbo_character_token_buffer_destroy(&buffer_);
+  }
+
+  void Fill(const char* input, size_t size = -1) {
+    gumbo_character_token_buffer_clear(&buffer_);
+    if (size == static_cast<size_t>(-1))
+      size = strlen(input);
+    text_ = input;
+    gumbo_tokenizer_state_init(&parser_, input, size);
+
+    while (true) {
+      GumboToken token;
+      gumbo_lex(&parser_, &token);
+      if (token.type == GUMBO_TOKEN_EOF) {
+        gumbo_token_destroy(&token);
+        break;
+      }
+      ASSERT_TRUE(token.type == GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER
+                  || token.type == GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE);
+      gumbo_character_token_buffer_append(&token, &buffer_);
+      gumbo_token_destroy(&token);
+    }
+  }
+
+  GumboToken Get(size_t index) {
+    GumboToken ret;
+    gumbo_character_token_buffer_get(&buffer_, index, &ret);
+    return ret;
+  }
+
+  GumboCharacterTokenBuffer buffer_;
+};
+
+TEST_F(GumboCharacterTokenBufferTest, AsciiCharacters) {
+  Fill("abcXYZ!@#$%^&*()-=_+[]{}()");
+  for (size_t i = 0; text_[i] != 0; ++i) {
+    GumboToken t = Get(i);
+    EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER, t.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(text_[i], t.v.character);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, t.position.line);
+    EXPECT_EQ(i+1, t.position.column);
+    EXPECT_EQ(i, t.position.offset);
+    EXPECT_EQ(&text_[i], t.original_text.data);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, t.original_text.length);
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboCharacterTokenBufferTest, Whitespace) {
+  Fill("\n\f\t \r\r\n");
+  GumboToken t = Get(0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE, t.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ('\n', t.v.character);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, t.position.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, t.position.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, t.position.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(&text_[0], t.original_text.data);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, t.original_text.length);
+
+  t = Get(1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE, t.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ('\f', t.v.character);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, t.position.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, t.position.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, t.position.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(&text_[1], t.original_text.data);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, t.original_text.length);
+
+  t = Get(2);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE, t.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ('\t', t.v.character);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, t.position.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, t.position.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, t.position.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(&text_[2], t.original_text.data);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, t.original_text.length);
+
+  t = Get(3);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE, t.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(' ', t.v.character);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, t.position.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(8, t.position.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, t.position.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(&text_[3], t.original_text.data);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, t.original_text.length);
+
+  t = Get(4);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE, t.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ('\n', t.v.character);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, t.position.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(9, t.position.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(4, t.position.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(&text_[4], t.original_text.data);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, t.original_text.length);
+
+  t = Get(5);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE, t.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ('\n', t.v.character);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, t.position.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, t.position.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(6, t.position.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(&text_[6], t.original_text.data);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, t.original_text.length);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboCharacterTokenBufferTest, Alternate) {
+  Fill("a b c");
+  for (size_t i = 0; text_[i] != 0; ++i) {
+    GumboToken t = Get(i);
+    if (i & 1)
+      EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE, t.type);
+    else
+      EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER, t.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(text_[i], t.v.character);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, t.position.line);
+    EXPECT_EQ(i+1, t.position.column);
+    EXPECT_EQ(i, t.position.offset);
+    EXPECT_EQ(&text_[i], t.original_text.data);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, t.original_text.length);
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboCharacterTokenBufferTest, Entities) {
+  Fill("&vnsub;&Uuml;");
+  GumboToken t = Get(0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER, t.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x2282, t.v.character);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, t.position.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, t.position.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, t.position.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(&text_[0], t.original_text.data);
+  EXPECT_EQ(7, t.original_text.length);
+
+  t = Get(1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER, t.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x20D2, t.v.character);
+  // XXX: These should probably report the same location in the source as the
+  // first token from the entity.
+  // EXPECT_EQ(1, t.position.line);
+  // EXPECT_EQ(1, t.position.column);
+  // EXPECT_EQ(0, t.position.offset);
+  // EXPECT_EQ(&text_[0], t.original_text.data);
+  // EXPECT_EQ(7, t.original_text.length);
+
+  t = Get(2);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER, t.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x00DC, t.v.character);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, t.position.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(8, t.position.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(7, t.position.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(&text_[7], t.original_text.data);
+  EXPECT_EQ(6, t.original_text.length);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboCharacterTokenBufferTest, CarriageReturn) {
+  Fill("&#x0d;");
+  GumboToken t = Get(0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE, t.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x000D, t.v.character);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, t.position.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, t.position.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, t.position.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(&text_[0], t.original_text.data);
+  EXPECT_EQ(6, t.original_text.length);
+  errors_are_expected_ = true;
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+// vim: set sw=2 sts=2 ts=8 et:
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/test/tokenizer.cc b/gumbo-parser/test/tokenizer.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ede4e9be47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/test/tokenizer.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,4790 @@
+// Copyright 2011 Google Inc.
+// Copyright 2018 Stephen Checkoway
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// Author: jdtang@google.com (Jonathan Tang)
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "test_utils.h"
+
+#include "tokenizer.h"
+#include "error.h"
+
+extern const char* kGumboTagNames[];
+
+namespace {
+
+// Tests for tokenizer.c
+class GumboTokenizerTest : public GumboTest {
+ protected:
+  GumboTokenizerTest() : at_start_(true), error_index_(0) {
+    gumbo_tokenizer_state_init(&parser_, "", 0);
+  }
+
+  virtual ~GumboTokenizerTest() {
+    EXPECT_EQ(error_index_, parser_._output->errors.length);
+    gumbo_tokenizer_state_destroy(&parser_);
+    gumbo_token_destroy(&token_);
+  }
+
+  void SetInput(const char* input, size_t size = -1) {
+    if (!at_start_)
+      gumbo_token_destroy(&token_);
+    text_ = input;
+    gumbo_tokenizer_state_destroy(&parser_);
+    if (size == static_cast<size_t>(-1))
+      size = strlen(input);
+    gumbo_tokenizer_state_init(&parser_, input, size);
+    at_start_ = true;
+    error_index_ = 0;
+  }
+
+  void SetState(GumboTokenizerEnum state) {
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(&parser_, state);
+  }
+
+  void Foreign() {
+    gumbo_tokenizer_set_is_adjusted_current_node_foreign(&parser_, true);
+  }
+
+  void Advance(int num_tokens) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < num_tokens; ++i) {
+      Next();
+      ASSERT_NE(GUMBO_TOKEN_EOF, token_.type);
+    }
+  }
+
+  void Next(bool errors_are_expected = false) {
+    if (!at_start_)
+      gumbo_token_destroy(&token_);
+    at_start_ = false;
+    // Reset the document errors.
+    parser_._output->document_error = false;
+    gumbo_lex(&parser_, &token_);
+    EXPECT_EQ(errors_are_expected, parser_._output->document_error);
+    errors_are_expected_ = errors_are_expected;
+  }
+
+  void NextChar(int c, bool errors_are_expected = false) {
+    Next(errors_are_expected);
+    ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_CHARACTER, token_.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(c, token_.v.character);
+  }
+
+  void NextCdata(int c, bool errors_are_expected = false) {
+    Next(errors_are_expected);
+    ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_CDATA, token_.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(c, token_.v.character);
+  }
+
+  void NextSpace(int c, bool errors_are_expected = false) {
+    Next(errors_are_expected);
+    ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_WHITESPACE, token_.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(c, token_.v.character);
+  }
+
+  void NextStartTag(GumboTag tag, bool errors_are_expected = false) {
+    Next(errors_are_expected);
+    ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG, token_.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(tag, token_.v.start_tag.tag);
+  }
+
+  void NextEndTag(GumboTag tag, bool errors_are_expected = false) {
+    Next(errors_are_expected);
+    ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_END_TAG, token_.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(tag, token_.v.end_tag.tag);
+  }
+
+  void NextComment(const char *text, bool errors_are_expected = false) {
+    Next(errors_are_expected);
+    ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_COMMENT, token_.type);
+    EXPECT_STREQ(text, token_.v.text);
+  }
+
+  void NextDoctype(const char *name, const char *pub, const char *sys, bool errors_are_expected = false) {
+    Next(errors_are_expected);
+    ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE, token_.type);
+    // XXX: There's a difference between missing and empty.
+    if (!name)
+      name = "";
+    EXPECT_STREQ(name, token_.v.doc_type.name);
+    if (!pub) {
+      EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.has_public_identifier);
+    } else {
+      EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.has_public_identifier);
+      EXPECT_STREQ(pub, token_.v.doc_type.public_identifier);
+    }
+    if (!sys) {
+      EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.has_system_identifier);
+    } else {
+      EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.has_system_identifier);
+      EXPECT_STREQ(sys, token_.v.doc_type.system_identifier);
+    }
+  }
+
+  void AtEnd(bool errors_are_expected = false) {
+    Next(errors_are_expected);
+    ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_EOF, token_.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(-1, token_.v.character);
+  }
+
+  void Error(GumboErrorType err) {
+    ASSERT_LT(error_index_, parser_._output->errors.length);
+    GumboError* error =
+      static_cast<GumboError*>(parser_._output->errors.data[error_index_++]);
+    EXPECT_EQ(err, error->type);
+  }
+
+  bool at_start_;
+  size_t error_index_;
+  GumboToken token_;
+};
+
+TEST(GumboTagEnumTest, TagEnumIncludesAllTags) {
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GUMBO_TAG_HTML);
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < (unsigned int) GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN; i++) {
+    const char* tagname = gumbo_normalized_tagname((GumboTag)i);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(tagname == NULL);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(tagname[0] == '\0');
+    EXPECT_TRUE(strlen(tagname) < 15);
+  }
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", gumbo_normalized_tagname(GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN));
+  EXPECT_STREQ("html", gumbo_normalized_tagname(GUMBO_TAG_HTML));
+  EXPECT_STREQ("a", gumbo_normalized_tagname(GUMBO_TAG_A));
+  EXPECT_STREQ("dialog", gumbo_normalized_tagname(GUMBO_TAG_DIALOG));
+  EXPECT_STREQ("template", gumbo_normalized_tagname(GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE));
+}
+
+TEST(GumboTagEnumTest, TagLookupCaseSensitivity) {
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_HTML, gumbo_tagn_enum("HTML", 4));
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_BODY, gumbo_tagn_enum("boDy", 4));
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_A, gumbo_tagn_enum("A", 1));
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_A, gumbo_tagn_enum("a", 1));
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_TEMPLATE, gumbo_tagn_enum("Template", 8));
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_DIALOG, gumbo_tagn_enum("diAloG", 6));
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_ANNOTATION_XML, gumbo_tagn_enum("annotation-xml", 14));
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_ANNOTATION_XML, gumbo_tagn_enum("ANNOTATION-XML", 14));
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN, gumbo_tagn_enum("ANNOTATION-XML-", 15));
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN, gumbo_tagn_enum("ANNOTATION-XM", 13));
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN, gumbo_tagn_enum("", 0));
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_B, gumbo_tagn_enum("b", 1));
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_I, gumbo_tagn_enum("i", 1));
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_U, gumbo_tagn_enum("u", 1));
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN, gumbo_tagn_enum("x", 1));
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN, gumbo_tagn_enum("c", 1));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, LexCharToken) {
+  SetInput("a");
+  NextChar('a');
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, token_.position.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, token_.position.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, token_.position.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ('a', *token_.original_text.data);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, token_.original_text.length);
+  EXPECT_EQ('a', token_.v.character);
+
+  AtEnd();
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, token_.position.offset);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, AttrWithCRNL) {
+  SetInput("<span FOO\r\n=''>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, attr->original_name.length);
+  EXPECT_EQ('O', attr->original_name.data[attr->original_name.length-1]);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, LexCharRef) {
+  SetInput("&nbsp; Text");
+  NextChar(0xa0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, token_.position.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, token_.position.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, token_.position.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ('&', *token_.original_text.data);
+  EXPECT_EQ(6, token_.original_text.length);
+
+  NextSpace(' ');
+  EXPECT_EQ(' ', *token_.original_text.data);
+
+  NextChar('T');
+  NextChar('e');
+  NextChar('x');
+  NextChar('t');
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, LexCharRef_NotCharRef) {
+  SetInput("&xyz");
+  NextChar('&');
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, token_.position.offset);
+
+  NextChar('x');
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, token_.position.offset);
+
+  NextChar('y');
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, token_.position.offset);
+
+  NextChar('z');
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, token_.position.offset);
+
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, LeadingWhitespace) {
+  SetInput(
+      "<div>\n"
+      "  <span class=foo>");
+  Advance(4);
+
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, token_.position.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, token_.position.column);
+  GumboTokenStartTag* start_tag = &token_.v.start_tag;
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, start_tag->attributes.length);
+
+  GumboAttribute* clas =
+      static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(start_tag->attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("class", clas->name);
+  EXPECT_EQ("class", ToString(clas->original_name));
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, clas->name_start.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(9, clas->name_start.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(14, clas->name_end.column);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", clas->value);
+  EXPECT_EQ("foo", ToString(clas->original_value));
+  EXPECT_EQ(15, clas->value_start.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(18, clas->value_end.column);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Doctype) {
+  SetInput("<!doctype html>");
+  Next();
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE, token_.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, token_.position.offset);
+
+  GumboTokenDocType* doc_type = &token_.v.doc_type;
+  EXPECT_FALSE(doc_type->force_quirks);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(doc_type->has_public_identifier);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(doc_type->has_system_identifier);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("html", doc_type->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", doc_type->public_identifier);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", doc_type->system_identifier);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, DoctypePublic) {
+  SetInput(
+      "<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "
+      "\"-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN\" "
+      "'http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd'>");
+  Next();
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE, token_.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, token_.position.offset);
+
+  GumboTokenDocType* doc_type = &token_.v.doc_type;
+  EXPECT_FALSE(doc_type->force_quirks);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(doc_type->has_public_identifier);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(doc_type->has_system_identifier);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("html", doc_type->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(
+      "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN", doc_type->public_identifier);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd",
+      doc_type->system_identifier);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, DoctypeSystem) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCtype root_element SYSTEM \"DTD_location\">");
+  Next();
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE, token_.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, token_.position.offset);
+
+  GumboTokenDocType* doc_type = &token_.v.doc_type;
+  EXPECT_FALSE(doc_type->force_quirks);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(doc_type->has_public_identifier);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(doc_type->has_system_identifier);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("root_element", doc_type->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("DTD_location", doc_type->system_identifier);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, RawtextEnd) {
+  SetInput("<title>x ignores <tag></title>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_TITLE);
+  gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(&parser_, GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+  NextChar('x');
+  Advance(9);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('t');
+  Advance(3);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_TITLE);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, RCDataEnd) {
+  SetInput("<title>x</title>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_TITLE);
+  gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(&parser_, GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar('x');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_TITLE);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptEnd) {
+  SetInput("<script>x = '\"></';</script>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+
+  gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(&parser_, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('x');
+
+  Advance(6);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('\'');
+  NextChar(';');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptEscapedEnd) {
+  SetInput("<title>x</title>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_TITLE);
+  gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(&parser_, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA_ESCAPED);
+  NextChar('x');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_TITLE);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptCommentEscaped) {
+  SetInput(
+      "<script><!-- var foo = x < 7 + '</div>-- <A href=\"foo\"></a>';\n"
+      "-->\n"
+      "</script>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(&parser_, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  Advance(15);
+  NextChar('x');
+  NextSpace(' ');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextSpace(' ');
+  NextChar('7');
+  Advance(4);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('d');
+  Advance(27);
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextSpace('\n');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptEscapedEmbeddedLessThan) {
+  SetInput("<script>/*<![CDATA[*/ x<7 /*]]>*/</script>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(&parser_, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  Advance(14);
+  NextChar('x');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('7');
+  Advance(8);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptHasTagEmbedded) {
+  SetInput("<script>var foo = '</div>';</script>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(&parser_, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  Advance(11);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('d');
+  NextChar('i');
+  Advance(4);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptDoubleEscaped) {
+  SetInput(
+      "<script><!--var foo = '<a href=\"foo\"></a>\n"
+      "<sCrIpt>i--<f</script>'-->;</script>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(&parser_, GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  Advance(34);
+
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('C');
+  Advance(20);
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar(';');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, CDataNulls) {
+  SetInput("<![CDATA[\0filter\0text\0]]>", sizeof("<![CDATA[\0filter\0text\0]]>")-1);
+  Foreign();
+
+  Next();
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_NULL, token_.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, token_.v.character);
+  Next();
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_CDATA, token_.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ('f', token_.v.character);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, StyleHasTagEmbedded) {
+  SetInput("<style>/* For <head> */</style>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_STYLE);
+  gumbo_tokenizer_set_state(&parser_, GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  Advance(7);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('h');
+  NextChar('e');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, PreWithNewlines) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html><pre>\r\na</pre>");
+  Next();
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_DOCTYPE, token_.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, token_.position.offset);
+
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_PRE);
+  EXPECT_EQ("<pre>", ToString(token_.original_text));
+  EXPECT_EQ(15, token_.position.offset);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, SelfClosingStartTag) {
+  SetInput("<br />");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_BR);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, token_.position.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ("<br />", ToString(token_.original_text));
+
+  GumboTokenStartTag* start_tag = &token_.v.start_tag;
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, start_tag->attributes.length);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(start_tag->is_self_closing);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, SelfClosingEndTag) {
+  SetInput("</p />");
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_P, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_END_TAG_WITH_TRAILING_SOLIDUS);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, token_.position.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ("</p />", ToString(token_.original_text));
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, OpenTagWithAttributes) {
+  SetInput("<a href ='/search?q=foo&amp;hl=en'  id=link>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_A);
+
+  GumboTokenStartTag* start_tag = &token_.v.start_tag;
+  EXPECT_FALSE(start_tag->is_self_closing);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, start_tag->attributes.length);
+
+  GumboAttribute* href =
+      static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(start_tag->attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("href", href->name);
+  EXPECT_EQ("href", ToString(href->original_name));
+  EXPECT_STREQ("/search?q=foo&hl=en", href->value);
+  EXPECT_EQ("'/search?q=foo&amp;hl=en'", ToString(href->original_value));
+
+  GumboAttribute* id =
+      static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(start_tag->attributes.data[1]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("id", id->name);
+  EXPECT_EQ("id", ToString(id->original_name));
+  EXPECT_STREQ("link", id->value);
+  EXPECT_EQ("link", ToString(id->original_value));
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, BogusComment1) {
+  SetInput("<?xml is bogus-comment>Text");
+  NextComment("?xml is bogus-comment", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_QUESTION_MARK_INSTEAD_OF_TAG_NAME);
+  NextChar('T');
+  NextChar('e');
+  NextChar('x');
+  NextChar('t');
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, BogusComment2) {
+  SetInput("</#bogus-comment");
+  NextComment("#bogus-comment", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_INVALID_FIRST_CHARACTER_OF_TAG_NAME);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, MultilineAttribute) {
+  SetInput(
+      "<foo long_attr=\"SomeCode;\n"
+      "  calls_a_big_long_function();\n"
+      "  return true;\" />");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN);
+
+  GumboTokenStartTag* start_tag = &token_.v.start_tag;
+  EXPECT_TRUE(start_tag->is_self_closing);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, start_tag->attributes.length);
+
+  GumboAttribute* long_attr =
+      static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(start_tag->attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("long_attr", long_attr->name);
+  EXPECT_EQ("long_attr", ToString(long_attr->original_name));
+  EXPECT_STREQ(
+      "SomeCode;\n"
+      "  calls_a_big_long_function();\n"
+      "  return true;",
+      long_attr->value);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, DoubleAmpersand) {
+  SetInput("<span jsif=\"foo && bar\">");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  GumboTokenStartTag* start_tag = &token_.v.start_tag;
+  EXPECT_FALSE(start_tag->is_self_closing);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, start_tag->attributes.length);
+
+  GumboAttribute* jsif =
+      static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(start_tag->attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("jsif", jsif->name);
+  EXPECT_EQ("jsif", ToString(jsif->original_name));
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo && bar", jsif->value);
+  EXPECT_EQ("\"foo && bar\"", ToString(jsif->original_value));
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, MatchedTagPair) {
+  SetInput("<div id=dash<-Dash data-test=\"bar\">a</div>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_DIV, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_CHARACTER_IN_UNQUOTED_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, token_.position.offset);
+
+  GumboTokenStartTag* start_tag = &token_.v.start_tag;
+  EXPECT_FALSE(start_tag->is_self_closing);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, start_tag->attributes.length);
+
+  GumboAttribute* id =
+      static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(start_tag->attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("id", id->name);
+  EXPECT_EQ("id", ToString(id->original_name));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, id->name_start.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(5, id->name_start.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(6, id->name_start.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(8, id->name_end.column);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("dash<-Dash", id->value);
+  EXPECT_EQ("dash<-Dash", ToString(id->original_value));
+  EXPECT_EQ(9, id->value_start.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(19, id->value_end.column);
+
+  GumboAttribute* data_attr =
+      static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(start_tag->attributes.data[1]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("data-test", data_attr->name);
+  EXPECT_EQ("data-test", ToString(data_attr->original_name));
+  EXPECT_EQ(20, data_attr->name_start.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(29, data_attr->name_end.column);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("bar", data_attr->value);
+  EXPECT_EQ("\"bar\"", ToString(data_attr->original_value));
+  EXPECT_EQ(30, data_attr->value_start.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(35, data_attr->value_end.column);
+
+  NextChar('a');
+  EXPECT_EQ(35, token_.position.offset);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_DIV);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, BogusEndTag) {
+  // According to the spec, the correct parse of this is an end tag token for
+  // "<div<>" (notice the ending bracket) with the attribute "th=th" (ignored
+  // because end tags don't take attributes).
+  SetInput("</div</th>");
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_SOLIDUS_IN_TAG);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_END_TAG_WITH_ATTRIBUTES);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("div<", token_.v.end_tag.name);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, token_.position.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ("</div</th>", ToString(token_.original_text));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Whitespace) {
+  SetInput("&nbsp;");
+  NextChar(0xa0);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, NumericHex) {
+  SetInput("&#x12ab;");
+  NextChar(0x12ab);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, NumericDecimal) {
+  SetInput("&#1234;");
+  NextChar(1234);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, NumericInvalidDigit) {
+  SetInput("&#google");
+  NextChar('&', true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_ABSENCE_OF_DIGITS_IN_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('#');
+  NextChar('g');
+  NextChar('o');
+  NextChar('o');
+  NextChar('g');
+  NextChar('l');
+  NextChar('e');
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, NumericNoSemicolon) {
+  SetInput("&#1234google");
+  NextChar(1234, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('g');
+  NextChar('o');
+  NextChar('o');
+  NextChar('g');
+  NextChar('l');
+  NextChar('e');
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, NamedReplacement) {
+  SetInput("&lt;");
+  NextChar('<');
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, NamedReplacementNoSemicolon) {
+  SetInput("&gt");
+  NextChar('>', true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, NamedReplacementWithInvalidUtf8) {
+  SetInput("&\xc3\xa5");
+  NextChar('&');
+  NextChar(229);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, NamedReplacementInvalid) {
+  SetInput("&google;");
+  // This is an error on the semicolon since that's where the error occurs in
+  // the spec. Anything other than a semicolon would cause no error.
+  NextChar('&');
+  NextChar('g');
+  NextChar('o');
+  NextChar('o');
+  NextChar('g');
+  NextChar('l');
+  NextChar('e');
+  NextChar(';', true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNKNOWN_NAMED_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, NamedReplacementInvalidNoSemicolon) {
+  SetInput("&google");
+  NextChar('&');
+  NextChar('g');
+  NextChar('o');
+  NextChar('o');
+  NextChar('g');
+  NextChar('l');
+  NextChar('e');
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, InAttribute) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&noted\"></span>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  GumboTokenStartTag* start_tag = &token_.v.start_tag;
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, start_tag->attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute* attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(start_tag->attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("&noted", attr->value);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, MultiChars) {
+  SetInput("&notindot;");
+  NextChar(0x22F5);
+  NextChar(0x0338);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, CharAfter) {
+  SetInput("&lt;x");
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('x');
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, MaxNumericCharRef) {
+  SetInput("FOO&#x10FFFF;ZOO");
+  NextChar('F');
+  NextChar('O');
+  NextChar('O');
+  NextChar(0x10FFFF, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_NONCHARACTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('Z');
+  NextChar('O');
+  NextChar('O');
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, InvalidRef) {
+  SetInput("ZZ&prod_id=23");
+  NextChar('Z');
+  NextChar('Z');
+  NextChar('&');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('o');
+  NextChar('d');
+  NextChar('_');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('d');
+  NextChar('=');
+  NextChar('2');
+  NextChar('3');
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, InvalidRefInAttr) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='ZZ&prod_id=23'></span>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  GumboTokenStartTag* start_tag = &token_.v.start_tag;
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, start_tag->attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute* attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(start_tag->attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("ZZ&prod_id=23", attr->value);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, NumericTooLarge) {
+  SetInput("&#x100000030;");
+  NextChar(0xFFFD, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_OUTSIDE_UNICODE_RANGE);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, CdataWithBrackets) {
+  SetInput("<![CDATA[x]]]]]>y");
+  Foreign();
+  Next();
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_CDATA, token_.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ('x', token_.v.character);
+  EXPECT_EQ(10, token_.position.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, token_.position.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(9, token_.position.offset);
+
+  Next();
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_CDATA, token_.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(']', token_.v.character);
+  EXPECT_EQ(11, token_.position.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, token_.position.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(10, token_.position.offset);
+
+  Next();
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_CDATA, token_.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(']', token_.v.character);
+  EXPECT_EQ(12, token_.position.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, token_.position.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(11, token_.position.offset);
+
+  Next();
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_CDATA, token_.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(']', token_.v.character);
+  EXPECT_EQ(13, token_.position.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, token_.position.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(12, token_.position.offset);
+
+  NextChar('y');
+  EXPECT_EQ(17, token_.position.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, token_.position.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(16, token_.position.offset);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, EscapedScriptStates) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<script/></script></script>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, EscapedScriptStates2) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<script>--></script>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ReadOutOfBounds) {
+  SetInput("&notindot;", 6);
+  NextChar(0x00AC, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('n');
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ControlCharRefs) {
+  SetInput("&#x80;&#x82;&#x83;&#x84;&#x85;&#x86;&#x87;&#x88;&#x89;"
+           "&#x8A;&#x8B;&#x8C;&#x8E;&#x91;&#x92;&#x93;&#x94;&#x95;"
+           "&#x96;&#x97;&#x98;&#x99;&#x9A;&#x9B;&#x9C;&#x9E;&#x9F;");
+  NextChar(0x20AC, true);
+  NextChar(0x201A, true);
+  NextChar(0x0192, true);
+  NextChar(0x201E, true);
+  NextChar(0x2026, true);
+  NextChar(0x2020, true);
+  NextChar(0x2021, true);
+  NextChar(0x02C6, true);
+  NextChar(0x2030, true);
+  NextChar(0x0160, true);
+  NextChar(0x2039, true);
+  NextChar(0x0152, true);
+  NextChar(0x017D, true);
+  NextChar(0x2018, true);
+  NextChar(0x2019, true);
+  NextChar(0x201C, true);
+  NextChar(0x201D, true);
+  NextChar(0x2022, true);
+  NextChar(0x2013, true);
+  NextChar(0x2014, true);
+  NextChar(0x02DC, true);
+  NextChar(0x2122, true);
+  NextChar(0x0161, true);
+  NextChar(0x203A, true);
+  NextChar(0x0153, true);
+  NextChar(0x017E, true);
+  NextChar(0x0178, true);
+  for (int i = 0; i < 27; ++i)
+    Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+// The tests below here are designed to test all of the tokenizers
+// transitions. The name of each test has a specific form (for the most part):
+//   StartState_Rule1_Rule2_..._Rulen
+// The parser sets the tokenizer in just a handful of states: plaintext,
+// rawtext, rcdata, script data, and data. The tests are divided into those 5
+// categories and should cover every possible transition from each state.
+// (Some transitions are covered more than once, and I'm sure some transitions
+// are missing and should be added when found.)
+//
+// When a character is reconsumed in a new state, the test name _should_
+// include which rule gets matched for the new state, but not all of them do.
+// That's just an oversight and should be fixed for consistency.
+//
+// Many states require additional characters in order to emit a token (or do
+// so without an error). The rules used to match those tokens are omitted from
+// the state name.
+
+// Starting in the PLAINTEXT state
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Plaintext_NULL) {
+  SetInput("", 1);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_PLAINTEXT);
+  NextChar(0xFFFD, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Plaintext_EOF) {
+  SetInput("");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_PLAINTEXT);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Plaintext_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<plaintext>a\xce\xb2\xd7\x92</plaintext>&not;");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_PLAINTEXT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_PLAINTEXT);
+  NextChar(0x61);
+  NextChar(0x03B2);
+  NextChar(0x05D2);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('l');
+  NextChar('a');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('n');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('e');
+  NextChar('x');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('&');
+  NextChar('n');
+  NextChar('o');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar(';');
+}
+
+// Starting in the RAWTEXT state
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rawtext_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateTab) {
+  SetInput("<iframe></i\tx");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_IFRAME);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextSpace('\t');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rawtext_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateLF) {
+  SetInput("<noframes></n\nx");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_NOFRAMES);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('n');
+  NextSpace('\n');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rawtext_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateFF) {
+  SetInput("<iframe></i\fx");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_IFRAME);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextSpace('\f');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rawtext_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateSpace) {
+  SetInput("<noframes></n x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_NOFRAMES);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('n');
+  NextSpace(' ');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rawtext_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateSlash) {
+  SetInput("<iframe></i/x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_IFRAME);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rawtext_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateGT) {
+  SetInput("<noframes></n>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_NOFRAMES);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('n');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rawtext_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateLF) {
+  SetInput("<noframes></nofRAmes\n>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_NOFRAMES);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_NOFRAMES);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rawtext_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateFF) {
+  SetInput("<iframe></ifrAMe\f foo=bar>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_IFRAME);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_IFRAME, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_END_TAG_WITH_ATTRIBUTES);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rawtext_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateSpace) {
+  SetInput("<noframes></Noframes >x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_NOFRAMES);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_NOFRAMES);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rawtext_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateSlash_GT) {
+  SetInput("<iframe></IFRAME/>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_IFRAME);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_IFRAME, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_END_TAG_WITH_TRAILING_SOLIDUS);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rawtext_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateSlash_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<iframe></iframe/");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_IFRAME);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+  AtEnd(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rawtext_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateSlash_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<iframe></iframe/ >x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_IFRAME);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_IFRAME, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_SOLIDUS_IN_TAG);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rawtext_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateGT) {
+  SetInput("<noframes></noframes>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_NOFRAMES);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_NOFRAMES);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rawtext_LT_Slash_Alpha_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<iframe></if\xce\xb2");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_IFRAME);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('f');
+  NextChar(0x03B2);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rawtext_LT_Slash_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("</0");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('0');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rawtext_LT_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<p>");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('>');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rawtext_NULL) {
+  SetInput("", 1);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+  NextChar(0xFFFD, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rawtext_EOF) {
+  SetInput("");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rawtext_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("a\xce\xb2\xd7\x92>&not;");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RAWTEXT);
+  NextChar(0x61);
+  NextChar(0x03B2);
+  NextChar(0x05D2);
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('&');
+  NextChar('n');
+  NextChar('o');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar(';');
+}
+
+// Starting in the RCDATA state
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_Alnum_Match_Semicolon) {
+  SetInput("&fjlig;x");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar(0x0066);
+  NextChar(0x006A);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_Alnum_Match) {
+  SetInput("&aacutex");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar(0x00E1, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_Alnum_Otherwise_Alnum_Semicolon) {
+  SetInput("&1f;x");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar('&');
+  NextChar('1');
+  NextChar('f');
+  NextChar(';', true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNKNOWN_NAMED_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_Alnum_Otherwise_Alnum_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("&1f.x");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar('&');
+  NextChar('1');
+  NextChar('f');
+  NextChar('.');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_NumberSign_X_Hex_Semicolon_Zero) {
+  SetInput("&#X00;x");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar(0xFFFD, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_NULL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_NumberSign_X_Hex_Semicolon_TooLarge) {
+  SetInput("&#XABCdef123;x");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar(0xFFFD, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_OUTSIDE_UNICODE_RANGE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_NumberSign_X_Hex_Semicolon_Surrogate) {
+  SetInput("&#XDb74;x");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar(0xFFFD, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_SURROGATE_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_Noncharacter) {
+  SetInput("&#xFdD8;x");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar(0xFDD8, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_NONCHARACTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_Noncharacter2) {
+  SetInput("&#x7FFFE;x");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar(0x7FFFE, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_NONCHARACTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_C0Control) {
+  SetInput("&#x3;x");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar(3, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_NL) {
+  SetInput("&#x0A;x");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextSpace('\n');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_FF) {
+  SetInput("&#x0C;x");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextSpace('\f');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_CR) {
+  SetInput("&#x0D;x");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextSpace('\r', true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_NumberSign_X_Hex_Semicolon_Control) {
+  SetInput("&#X81;x");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar(0x81, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_Control2) {
+  SetInput("&#x82;x");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar(0x201A, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("&#x2f1Ax");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar(0x2F1A, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_AnythingElse2) {
+  SetInput("&#x2f1A-");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar(0x2F1A, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('-');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_NumberSign_x_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("&#xG");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar('&', true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_ABSENCE_OF_DIGITS_IN_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('#');
+  NextChar('x');
+  NextChar('G');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_NumberSign_AnythingElse_Digit_Semicolon) {
+  SetInput("&#1234;x");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar(1234);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_NumberSign_AnythingElse_Digit_Semicolon_Control) {
+  SetInput("&#128;x");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar(0x20AC, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_NumberSign_AnythingElse_Digit_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("&#1234a");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar(1234, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('a');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_NumberSign_AnythingElse_Digit_AnythingElse_Control) {
+  SetInput("&#128a");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar(0x20AC, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('a');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_Amp_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("&#x");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar('&', true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_ABSENCE_OF_DIGITS_IN_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('#');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateTab) {
+  SetInput("<title></t\tx");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_TITLE);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextSpace('\t');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateLF) {
+  SetInput("<textarea></t\nx");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_TEXTAREA);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextSpace('\n');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateFF) {
+  SetInput("<title></t\fx");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_TITLE);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextSpace('\f');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateSpace) {
+  SetInput("<textarea></t x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_TEXTAREA);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextSpace(' ');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateSlash) {
+  SetInput("<title></t/x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_TITLE);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateGT) {
+  SetInput("<textarea></t>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_TEXTAREA);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateLF) {
+  SetInput("<textarea></teXTarea\n>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_TEXTAREA);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_TEXTAREA);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateFF) {
+  SetInput("<title></titlE\f foo=bar>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_TITLE);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_TITLE, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_END_TAG_WITH_ATTRIBUTES);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateSpace) {
+  SetInput("<textarea></Textarea >x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_TEXTAREA);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_TEXTAREA);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateSlash_GT) {
+  SetInput("<title></TITLE/>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_TITLE);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_TITLE, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_END_TAG_WITH_TRAILING_SOLIDUS);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateSlash_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<title></tITle/");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_TITLE);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  AtEnd(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateSlash_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<title></title/ >x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_TITLE);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_TITLE, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_SOLIDUS_IN_TAG);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateGT) {
+  SetInput("<textarea></textarea>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_TEXTAREA);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_TEXTAREA);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_LT_Slash_Alpha_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<title></ti\xce\xb2");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_TITLE);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar(0x03B2);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_LT_Slash_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("</0");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('0');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_LT_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<p>");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('>');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_NULL) {
+  SetInput("", 1);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar(0xFFFD, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_EOF) {
+  SetInput("");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Rcdata_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("a\xce\xb2\xd7\x92");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_RCDATA);
+  NextChar(0x61);
+  NextChar(0x03B2);
+  NextChar(0x05D2);
+}
+
+// Starting in the script data state
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateTab) {
+  SetInput("<script></s\tx");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextSpace('\t');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateLF) {
+  SetInput("<script></s\nx");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextSpace('\n');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateFF) {
+  SetInput("<script></s\fx");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextSpace('\f');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateSpace) {
+  SetInput("<script></s x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextSpace(' ');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateSlash) {
+  SetInput("<script></s/x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateGT) {
+  SetInput("<script></s>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateLF) {
+  SetInput("<script></scRIpt\n>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateFF) {
+  SetInput("<script></scripT\f foo=bar>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_END_TAG_WITH_ATTRIBUTES);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateSpace) {
+  SetInput("<script></Script >x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateSlash_GT) {
+  SetInput("<script></SCRIPT/>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_END_TAG_WITH_TRAILING_SOLIDUS);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateSlash_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<script></script/");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  AtEnd(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateSlash_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<script></script/ >x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_SOLIDUS_IN_TAG);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateGT) {
+  SetInput("<script></script>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Slash_Alpha_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<script></sc</script>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Slash_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("</0");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('0');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_Dash_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateTab_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<script><!---</s\t");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextSpace('\t');
+  AtEnd(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_SCRIPT_HTML_COMMENT_LIKE_TEXT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateLF_NULL) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--</s\n\x00", sizeof("<script><!--</s\n\x00")-1);
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextSpace('\n');
+  NextChar(0xFFFD, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateFF_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--</s\fx");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextSpace('\f');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateSpace) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--</s x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextSpace(' ');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateSlash) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--</s/x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Slash_Alpha_InappropriateGT) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--</s>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateTab) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--</sCrIpT\t>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateLF) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--</Script\n>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateFF) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--</SCRIPT\f>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateSpace) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--</script >x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateSlash_GT) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--</script/>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_END_TAG_WITH_TRAILING_SOLIDUS);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateSlash_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--</script/");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  AtEnd(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateSlash_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--</script/ >x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_SOLIDUS_IN_TAG);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateGT) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--</scrIPT>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Slash_Alpha_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--</s.x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('.');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Slash_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<!--</>");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('>');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_ScriptTab_Dash_Dash_Dash_NULL_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!--<scRIpt\t---\x00", sizeof("<!--<scRIpt\t---\x00")-1);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('R');
+  NextChar('I');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextSpace('\t');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar(0xFFFD, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+  AtEnd(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_SCRIPT_HTML_COMMENT_LIKE_TEXT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_ScriptGT_Dash_Dash_LT) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<script>--</script></script>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_ScriptGT_Dash_Dash_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<script>--");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  AtEnd(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_SCRIPT_HTML_COMMENT_LIKE_TEXT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_ScriptGT_Dash_Dash_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<script>--X--></script>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('X');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_ScriptTab_Dash_NULL) {
+  SetInput("<!--<scRIpt\t-\x00", sizeof("<!--<scRIpt\t---\x00")-1);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('R');
+  NextChar('I');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextSpace('\t');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar(0xFFFD, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_ScriptGT_Dash_LT) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<script>-</script></script>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_ScriptGT_Dash_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<script>-");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('-');
+  AtEnd(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_SCRIPT_HTML_COMMENT_LIKE_TEXT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_ScriptGT_Dash_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<script>-X--></script>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('X');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_ScriptNL_LT_Slash_ScriptTab) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<script\n</Script\tx");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextSpace('\n');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('S');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextSpace('\t');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_ScriptFF_LT_Slash_ScriptNL) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<script\f</Script\nx");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextSpace('\f');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('S');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextSpace('\n');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_ScriptSpace_LT_Slash_ScriptFF) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<script </Script\fx");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextSpace(' ');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('S');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextSpace('\f');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_ScriptSlash_LT_Slash_ScriptSpace) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<script/</Script x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('S');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextSpace(' ');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_ScriptGT_LT_Slash_ScriptSlash) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<script></Script/x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('S');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_ScriptGT_LT_Slash_ScriptGT) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<script></Script>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('S');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_ScriptGT_LT_Slash_Tab) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<script></\t>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextSpace('\t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_ScriptGT_LT_Slash_LF) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<script></\n>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextSpace('\n');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_ScriptGT_LT_Slash_FF) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<script></\f>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextSpace('\f');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_ScriptGT_LT_Slash_Slash) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<script><//>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_ScriptGT_LT_Slash_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<script></.>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('.');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_ScriptGT_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<script>x");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_ScriptGT_NULL) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<script>\x00", sizeof("<script><!--<script>\x00")-1);
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('c');
+  NextChar('r');
+  NextChar('i');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('t');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextChar(0xFFFD, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_Tab_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateTab) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<s\t</SCRIPT\t>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextSpace('\t');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_LF_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateLF) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<s\n</SCRIPT\n>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextSpace('\n');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_FF_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateFF) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<s\f</SCRIPT\f>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextSpace('\f');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_Space_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateSpace) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<s </SCRIPT >");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextSpace(' ');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_Slash_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateSlash) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<s/</SCRIPT/>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_END_TAG_WITH_TRAILING_SOLIDUS);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_GT_LT_Slash_Alpha_AppropriateGT) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<s></SCRIPT>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('>');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_Alpha_AnythingElse_LT_Slash_Alpha_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<s.</S.");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('s');
+  NextChar('.');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('/');
+  NextChar('S');
+  NextChar('.');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_AnythingElse_NULL_AnythingElse_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<\x00.", sizeof("<script><!--<\x00.")-1);
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar(0xFFFD, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+  NextChar('.');
+  AtEnd(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_SCRIPT_HTML_COMMENT_LIKE_TEXT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_Bang_Dash_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<script><!-x</script>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('x');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_Bang_Dash_Dash_LT_AnythingElse_Dash_Dash_NULL_AnythingElse_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--<.--\x00.", sizeof("<script><!--<.--\x00.")-1);
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('.');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar(0xFFFD, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+  NextChar('.');
+  AtEnd(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_SCRIPT_HTML_COMMENT_LIKE_TEXT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_Bang_Dash_Dash_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  AtEnd(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_SCRIPT_HTML_COMMENT_LIKE_TEXT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_Bang_Dash_Dash_GT_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<script><!-->");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('>');
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_Bang_Dash_Dash_AnythingElse_Dash_LT) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--X-<</script>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('X');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_Bang_Dash_Dash_AnythingElse_Dash_NULL) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--X-\x00</script>", sizeof("<script><!--X-\x00</script>")-1);
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('X');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar(0xFFFD, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_Bang_Dash_Dash_AnythingElse_Dash_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--X-");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('X');
+  NextChar('-');
+  AtEnd(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_SCRIPT_HTML_COMMENT_LIKE_TEXT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_Bang_Dash_Dash_AnythingElse_Dash_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<script><!--X-X</script>");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('!');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('X');
+  NextChar('-');
+  NextChar('X');
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SCRIPT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_LT_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<p>");
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar('<');
+  NextChar('p');
+  NextChar('>');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, ScriptData_NULL) {
+  SetInput("", 1);
+  SetState(GUMBO_LEX_SCRIPT_DATA);
+  NextChar(0xFFFD, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_Amp_Alnum_Otherwise_Alnum_Semicolon) {
+  SetInput("&1f;x");
+  NextChar('&');
+  NextChar('1');
+  NextChar('f');
+  NextChar(';', true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNKNOWN_NAMED_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_Amp_Alnum_Otherwise_Alnum_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("&1f.x");
+  NextChar('&');
+  NextChar('1');
+  NextChar('f');
+  NextChar('.');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_Amp_NumberSign_X_Hex_Semicolon_Zero) {
+  SetInput("&#X00;x");
+  NextChar(0xFFFD, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_NULL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_Amp_NumberSign_X_Hex_Semicolon_TooLarge) {
+  SetInput("&#XABCdef123;x");
+  NextChar(0xFFFD, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_OUTSIDE_UNICODE_RANGE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_Amp_NumberSign_X_Hex_Semicolon_Surrogate) {
+  SetInput("&#XDb74;x");
+  NextChar(0xFFFD, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_SURROGATE_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_Noncharacter) {
+  SetInput("&#xFdD8;x");
+  NextChar(0xFDD8, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_NONCHARACTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_Noncharacter2) {
+  SetInput("&#x7FFFE;x");
+  NextChar(0x7FFFE, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_NONCHARACTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_C0Control) {
+  SetInput("&#x3;x");
+  NextChar(3, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_NL) {
+  SetInput("&#x0A;x");
+  NextSpace('\n');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_FF) {
+  SetInput("&#x0C;x");
+  NextSpace('\f');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_CR) {
+  SetInput("&#x0D;x");
+  NextSpace('\r', true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_Amp_NumberSign_X_Hex_Semicolon_Control) {
+  SetInput("&#X81;x");
+  NextChar(0x81, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_Control2) {
+  SetInput("&#x82;x");
+  NextChar(0x201A, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("&#x2f1Ax");
+  NextChar(0x2F1A, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_AnythingElse2) {
+  SetInput("&#x2f1A-");
+  NextChar(0x2F1A, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('-');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_Amp_NumberSign_x_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("&#xG");
+  NextChar('&', true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_ABSENCE_OF_DIGITS_IN_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('#');
+  NextChar('x');
+  NextChar('G');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_Amp_NumberSign_AnythingElse_Digit_Semicolon) {
+  SetInput("&#1234;x");
+  NextChar(1234);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_Amp_NumberSign_AnythingElse_Digit_Semicolon_TooLarge) {
+  SetInput("&#1234567890;x");
+  NextChar(0xFFFD, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_OUTSIDE_UNICODE_RANGE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_Amp_NumberSign_AnythingElse_Digit_Semicolon_Control) {
+  SetInput("&#128;x");
+  NextChar(0x20AC, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_Amp_NumberSign_AnythingElse_Digit_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("&#1234a");
+  NextChar(1234, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('a');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_Amp_NumberSign_AnythingElse_Digit_AnythingElse_Control) {
+  SetInput("&#128a");
+  NextChar(0x20AC, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('a');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_Amp_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("&#x");
+  NextChar('&', true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_ABSENCE_OF_DIGITS_IN_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  NextChar('#');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_DashDash_Dash_Dash_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!---->");
+  NextComment("");
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_DashDash_Dash_Dash_Bang_Dash_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!----!-");
+  NextComment("--!", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_COMMENT);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_DashDash_Dash_Dash_Bang_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!----!>");
+  NextComment("", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_INCORRECTLY_CLOSED_COMMENT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_DashDash_Dash_Dash_Bang_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!----!");
+  NextComment("", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_COMMENT);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_DashDash_Dash_Dash_Bang_AnythingElse_AnythingElse_Dash_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!----!x-");
+  NextComment("--!x", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_COMMENT);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_DashDash_Dash_Dash_Dash_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!-----");
+  NextComment("-", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_COMMENT);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_DashDash_Dash_Dash_AnythingElse_AnythingElse_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!----x");
+  NextComment("--x", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_COMMENT);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_DashDash_Dash_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!--->");
+  NextComment("", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_ABRUPT_CLOSING_OF_EMPTY_COMMENT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_DashDash_Dash_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!---");
+  NextComment("", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_COMMENT);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_DashDash_Dash_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<!---x-->");
+  NextComment("-x");
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_DashDash_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!-->");
+  NextComment("", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_ABRUPT_CLOSING_OF_EMPTY_COMMENT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_DashDash_AnythingElse_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_GT_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!--<!-->");
+  NextComment("<!");
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_DashDash_AnythingElse_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!--<!--");
+  NextComment("<!", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_COMMENT);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_DashDash_AnythingElse_LT_Bang_Dash_Dash_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<!--<!--x-->");
+  NextComment("<!--x", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_NESTED_COMMENT);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_DashDash_AnythingElse_LT_Bang_Dash_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<!--<!-x-->");
+  NextComment("<!-x");
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_DashDash_AnythingElse_LT_Bang_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<!--<!x-->");
+  NextComment("<!x");
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_DashDash_AnythingElse_LT_LT_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<!--<<-->");
+  NextComment("<<");
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_DashDash_Dash_AnythingElse_AnythingElse_NULL) {
+  SetInput("<!---x\x00-->", sizeof("<!---x\x00-->") - 1);
+  NextComment("-x\xEF\xBF\xBD", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_DashDash_AnythingElse_AnythingElse_NULL_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!--0\x00", sizeof("<!--0\x00")-1);
+  NextComment("0\xEF\xBF\xBD", true); // Two errors.
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_COMMENT);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Tab_Tab_LF_FF_Space_Alpha_Tab_Tab_LF_FF_Space_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!DoCtyPE\t\t\n\f H\t\t\n\f >");
+  NextDoctype("h", NULL, NULL);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_LF_Tab_LF_FF_Space_Alpha_LF_Tab_LF_FF_Space_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!DoCtyPE\n\t\n\f H\n\t\n\f >");
+  NextDoctype("h", NULL, NULL);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_FF_Tab_LF_FF_Space_Alpha_FF_Tab_LF_FF_Space_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!DoCtyPE\f\t\n\f H\f\t\n\f >");
+  NextDoctype("h", NULL, NULL);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Tab_LF_FF_Space_Alpha_Space_Tab_LF_FF_Space_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!DoCtyPE \t\n\f H \t\n\f >");
+  NextDoctype("h", NULL, NULL);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_NULL_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE \x00>", sizeof("<!DOCTYPE \x00>")-1);
+  NextDoctype("\xEF\xBF\xBD", NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE >");
+  NextDoctype(NULL, NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_DOCTYPE_NAME);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE ");
+  NextDoctype(NULL, NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_AnythingElse_NULL) {
+  SetInput("<!doctype ht\x00ml>", sizeof("<!doctype ht\x00ml>")-1);
+  NextDoctype("ht\xEF\xBF\xBDml", NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_AnythingElse_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!doctype html");
+  NextDoctype("html", NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCtype HTML ");
+  NextDoctype("html", NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Tab_Tab_LF_FF_Space_Quote_Quote_Tab_Tab_LF_FF_Space_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!docTYPE HTML PUBLIC\t\t\n\f \"\"\t\t\n\f >");
+  NextDoctype("html", "", NULL);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_LF_Tab_LF_FF_Space_Quote_Quote_LF_Tab_LF_FF_Space_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!docTYPE HTML PUBLIC\n\t\n\f \"\"\n\t\n\f >");
+  NextDoctype("html", "", NULL);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_FF_Tab_LF_FF_Space_Quote_Quote_FF_Tab_LF_FF_Space_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!docTYPE HTML PUBLIC\f\t\n\f \"\"\f\t\n\f >");
+  NextDoctype("html", "", NULL);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Tab_LF_FF_Space_Quote_Quote_Space_Tab_LF_FF_Space_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!docTYPE HTML PUBLIC \t\n\f \"\" \t\n\f >");
+  NextDoctype("html", "", NULL);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Quote_Quote_Space_Quote_Quote_Tab_LF_FF_Space_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html pubLIC \"\" \"\"\t\n\f >");
+  NextDoctype("html", "", "");
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Quote_Quote_Space_Quote_Quote_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html pubLIC \"\" \"\"");
+  NextDoctype("html", "", "", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Quote_Quote_Space_Quote_Quote_AnythingElse_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public \"\" \"\"x>");
+  NextDoctype("html", "", "", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_CHARACTER_AFTER_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Quote_Quote_Space_Quote_Quote_AnythingElse_NULL_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public \"\" \"\"\x00>", sizeof("<!DOCTYPE html public \"\" \"\"\x00>")-1);
+  NextDoctype("html", "", "", true); // Two errors!
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_CHARACTER_AFTER_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Quote_Quote_Space_Quote_Quote_AnythingElse_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public \"\" \"\"x");
+  NextDoctype("html", "", "", true); // Only one error.
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_CHARACTER_AFTER_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Quote_Quote_Space_Quote_NULL) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public \"\" \"\x00\">", sizeof("<!DOCTYPE html public \"\" \"\x00\">")-1);
+  NextDoctype("html", "", "\xEF\xBF\xBD", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Quote_Quote_Space_Quote_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public \"\" \">");
+  NextDoctype("html", "", "", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_ABRUPT_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Quote_Quote_Space_Quote_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public \"\" \"");
+  NextDoctype("html", "", "", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Quote_Quote_Space_Quote_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public \"\" \"SyS\">");
+  NextDoctype("html", "", "SyS");
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Quote_Quote_Space_Apos_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public \"\" 'sys'>");
+  NextDoctype("html", "", "sys");
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Quote_Quote_Space_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public \"\" ");
+  NextDoctype("html", "", NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Quote_Quote_Space_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public \"\" x>z");
+  NextDoctype("html", "", NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_QUOTE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Quote_Quote_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public \"\">");
+  NextDoctype("html", "", NULL);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Quote_Quote_Quote_Quote) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public \"\"\"\">");
+  NextDoctype("html", "", "", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_BETWEEN_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_AND_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIERS);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Quote_Quote_Apos) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public \"\"''>");
+  NextDoctype("html", "", "", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_BETWEEN_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_AND_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIERS);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Quote_Quote_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public \"\"");
+  NextDoctype("html", "", NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Quote_Quote_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public \"\"x>");
+  NextDoctype("html", "", NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_QUOTE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Quote_NULL) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public \"\x00\">", sizeof("<!DOCTYPE html public \"\x00\">")-1);
+  NextDoctype("html", "\xEF\xBF\xBD", NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Quote_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public \">");
+  NextDoctype("html", "", NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_ABRUPT_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTIFIER);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Quote_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public \"foo");
+  NextDoctype("html", "foo", NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Apos_Apos) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public ''>");
+  NextDoctype("html", "", NULL);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Apos_NULL) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public '\x00'>", sizeof("<!DOCTYPE html public '\x00'>")-1);
+  NextDoctype("html", "\xEF\xBF\xBD", NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Apos_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public 'foo>");
+  NextDoctype("html", "foo", NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_ABRUPT_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTIFIER);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_Apos_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public 'foo");
+  NextDoctype("html", "foo", NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUblic >");
+  NextDoctype("html", NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTIFIER);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUblic ");
+  NextDoctype("html", NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Space_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUblic x>");
+  NextDoctype("html", NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_QUOTE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTIFIER);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Quote) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public\"foo\">");
+  NextDoctype("html", "foo", NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_AFTER_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_KEYWORD);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_Apos) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public''>");
+  NextDoctype("html", "", NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_AFTER_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_KEYWORD);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public>");
+  NextDoctype("html", NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTIFIER);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html public");
+  NextDoctype("html", NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Public_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html publicX>");
+  NextDoctype("html", NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_QUOTE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTIFIER);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_System_Tab_Tab_LF_FF_Space_Quote_Quote_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE HtMl SySTem\t\t\n\f \"\">");
+  NextDoctype("html", NULL, "");
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_System_LF_Apos_Apos_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!docTYPE hTmL sYstEM\n''>");
+  NextDoctype("html", NULL, "");
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_System_FF_Apos_Apos_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!docTYPE hTmL sYstEM\f''>");
+  NextDoctype("html", NULL, "");
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_System_Space_Apos_NULL) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html SYSTEM '\x00'>", sizeof("<!DOCTYPE html SYSTEM '\x00'>")-1);
+  NextDoctype("html", NULL, "\xEF\xBF\xBD", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_System_Space_Apos_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html SYSTEM '>");
+  NextDoctype("html", NULL, "", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_ABRUPT_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_System_Space_Apos_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html SYSTEM '");
+  NextDoctype("html", NULL, "", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_System_Space_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!docTYPE hTmL sYstEM >");
+  NextDoctype("html", NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_System_Space_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!docTYPE hTmL sYstEM ");
+  NextDoctype("html", NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_System_Space_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<!docTYPE hTmL sYstEM x>z");
+  NextDoctype("html", NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_QUOTE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_System_Quote) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE foo system\"bar\">z");
+  NextDoctype("foo", NULL, "bar", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_AFTER_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_KEYWORD);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_System_Apos) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE foo system'bar'>z");
+  NextDoctype("foo", NULL, "bar", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_AFTER_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_KEYWORD);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_System_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE foo system>z");
+  NextDoctype("foo", NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_System_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE foo system");
+  NextDoctype("foo", NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_System_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE foo systemX>z");
+  NextDoctype("foo", NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_QUOTE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_SYSTEM_IDENTIFIER);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_Space_Bogus) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html foobar>z");
+  NextDoctype("html", NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_INVALID_CHARACTER_SEQUENCE_AFTER_DOCTYPE_NAME);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html>z");
+  NextDoctype("html", NULL, NULL);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_NULL) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html\x00>z", sizeof("<!DOCTYPE html\x00>z")-1);
+  NextDoctype("html\xEF\xBF\xBD", NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_Alpha_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE html");
+  NextDoctype("html", NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_Space_NULL) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE \x00>z", sizeof("<!DOCTYPE \x00>z")-1);
+  NextDoctype("\xEF\xBF\xBD", NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_GT) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCtype>z");
+  NextDoctype(NULL, NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_DOCTYPE_NAME);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPE");
+  NextDoctype(NULL, NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_DOCTYPE);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Doctype_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<!DOCTYPEhtml>z");
+  NextDoctype("html", NULL, NULL, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_BEFORE_DOCTYPE_NAME);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.doc_type.force_quirks);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Cdata_Bracket_Bracket_Bracket_GT) {
+  SetInput("<![CDATA[]]]>x");
+  Foreign();
+  NextCdata(']');
+  NextChar('x');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Cdata_Bracket_Bracket_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<![CDATA[]]x]]>z");
+  Foreign();
+  NextCdata(']');
+  NextCdata(']');
+  NextCdata('x');
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Cdata_Bracket_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<![CDATA[]>x]]>z");
+  Foreign();
+  NextCdata(']');
+  NextCdata('>');
+  NextCdata('x');
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Cdata_AnythingElse_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<![CDATA[x");
+  Foreign();
+  NextCdata('x');
+  AtEnd(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_CDATA);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_CdataHtml_GT) {
+  SetInput("<![CDATA[bogus>z");
+  NextComment("[CDATA[bogus", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CDATA_IN_HTML_CONTENT);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_CdataHtml_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<![CDATA[bogus");
+  NextComment("[CDATA[bogus", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CDATA_IN_HTML_CONTENT);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_Cdata_Html_NULL_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<![CDATA[bogus\x00""comment>z", sizeof("<![CDATA[bogus\x00""comment>z")-1);
+  NextComment("[CDATA[bogus\xEF\xBF\xBD""comment", true); // Two errors.
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CDATA_IN_HTML_CONTENT);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Bang_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<!4asdf>z");
+  NextComment("4asdf", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_INCORRECTLY_OPENED_COMMENT);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Slash_Alpha_Tab_Tab_Slash_Slash_GT) {
+  SetInput("</p\t\t/>z");
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_P, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_END_TAG_WITH_TRAILING_SOLIDUS);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Slash_Alpha_LF_LF_Slash_Slash_EOF) {
+  SetInput("</p\n\n/");
+  AtEnd(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Slash_Alpha_FF_FF_GT) {
+  SetInput("</p\f\f>z");
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_P);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Slash_Alpha_Space_Space_GT) {
+  SetInput("</p  >z");
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_P);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Slash_Alpha_Space_Alpha_EQ_Alpha_GT) {
+  SetInput("</span foo=bar>z");
+  NextEndTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_END_TAG_WITH_ATTRIBUTES);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Slash_GT) {
+  SetInput("</>z");
+  NextChar('z', true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_END_TAG_NAME);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Slash_EOF) {
+  SetInput("</");
+  NextChar('<', true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_BEFORE_TAG_NAME);
+  NextChar('/');
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Slash_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("</?>z");
+  NextComment("?", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_INVALID_FIRST_CHARACTER_OF_TAG_NAME);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Tab_Tab_Slash_Slash_GT) {
+  SetInput("<hr\t\t/>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_HR);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.start_tag.is_self_closing);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_LF_LF_GT) {
+  SetInput("<hr\n\n>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_HR);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.start_tag.is_self_closing);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_FF_FF_Slash_Slash_GT) {
+  SetInput("<hr\f\f/>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_HR);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.start_tag.is_self_closing);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_Space_GT) {
+  SetInput("<hr  >z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_HR);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.start_tag.is_self_closing);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<span ");
+  AtEnd(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_EQ_GT) {
+  SetInput("<span =>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_EQUALS_SIGN_BEFORE_ATTRIBUTE_NAME);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("=", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_Tab_Tab_GT) {
+  SetInput("<body X\t>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_BODY);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("x", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_AnythingElse_LF_LF_GT) {
+  SetInput("<body ?\n>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_BODY);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("?", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_AnythingElse_FF_FF_GT) {
+  SetInput("<body &$\f>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_BODY);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("&$", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_Space_Space_GT) {
+  SetInput("<body xml:lang >z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_BODY);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("xml:lang", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_Slash_GT) {
+  SetInput("<br foo/>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_BR);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.start_tag.is_self_closing);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_GT) {
+  SetInput("<br foo>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_BR);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.start_tag.is_self_closing);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<br foo");
+  AtEnd(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Tab_LF_FF_Space_Quote_Quote_Slash) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\t\n\f \"\"/>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.start_tag.is_self_closing);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Tab_LF_FF_Space_Quote_Quote_GT) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\t\n\f \"\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.start_tag.is_self_closing);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Space_Quote_Quote_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<span foo= \"\"");
+  AtEnd(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Space_Quote_Quote_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<span foo= \"\"bar=''>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_WHITESPACE_BETWEEN_ATTRIBUTES);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.start_tag.is_self_closing);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", attr->value);
+
+  attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[1]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("bar", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_Alnum_Match_Semicolon) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&fjlig;x\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\x66\x6Ax", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_Alnum_Match_Alpha) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&aacutex\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("&aacutex", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_Alnum_Match_Num) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&aacute0\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("&aacute0", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_Alnum_Match_EQ) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&aacute=\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("&aacute=", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_Alnum_Match_Otherwise) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&aacute\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xC3\xA1", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_Alnum_Otherwise_Alnum_Semicolon) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&1f;x\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNKNOWN_NAMED_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("&1f;x", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_Alnum_Otherwise_Alnum_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&1f.x\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("&1f.x", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_NumberSign_X_Hex_Semicolon_Zero) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&#X00;x\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_NULL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xEF\xBF\xBDx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_NumberSign_X_Hex_Semicolon_TooLarge) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&#XABCdefA123;x\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_OUTSIDE_UNICODE_RANGE);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xEF\xBF\xBDx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_NumberSign_X_Hex_Semicolon_Surrogate) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&#XDb74;x\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_SURROGATE_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xEF\xBF\xBDx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_Noncharacter) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&#xFdD8;x\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_NONCHARACTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xEF\xB7\x98x", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_Noncharacter2) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&#x7FFFE;x\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_NONCHARACTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xF1\xBF\xBF\xBEx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_C0Control) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&#x3;x\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\x03x", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_NL) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&#x0A;x\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\nx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_FF) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&#x0C;x\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\fx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_CR) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&#x0D;x\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\rx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_NumberSign_X_Hex_Semicolon_Control) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&#X81;x\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xC2\x81x", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_Control2) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&#x82;x\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xE2\x80\x9Ax", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&#x2f1Ax\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xE2\xBC\x9Ax", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_AnythingElse2) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&#x2f1A-\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xE2\xBC\x9A-", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_NumberSign_x_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&#xG\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_ABSENCE_OF_DIGITS_IN_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("&#xG", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_NumberSign_AnythingElse_Digit_Semicolon) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&#1234;x\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xD3\x92x", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_NumberSign_AnythingElse_Digit_Semicolon_Control) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&#128;x\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xE2\x82\xACx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_NumberSign_AnythingElse_Digit_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&#1234a\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xD3\x92""a", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_NumberSign_AnythingElse_Digit_AnythingElse_Control) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&#128a\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xE2\x82\xAC""a", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_Amp_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"&#x\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_ABSENCE_OF_DIGITS_IN_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("&#x", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_NULL) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"\x00\">z", sizeof("<span foo=\"\x00\">z")-1);
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xEF\xBF\xBD", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"");
+  AtEnd(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Quote_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"b@#$'\t\n\f =<>!\">z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("b@#$'\t\n\f =<>!", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_Alnum_Match_Semicolon) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&fjlig;x'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\x66\x6Ax", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_Alnum_Match_Alpha) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&aacutex'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("&aacutex", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_Alnum_Match_Num) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&aacute0'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("&aacute0", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_Alnum_Match_EQ) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&aacute='>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("&aacute=", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_Alnum_Match_Otherwise) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&aacute'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xC3\xA1", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_Alnum_Otherwise_Alnum_Semicolon) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&1f;x'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNKNOWN_NAMED_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("&1f;x", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_Alnum_Otherwise_Alnum_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&1f.x'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("&1f.x", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_NumberSign_X_Hex_Semicolon_Zero) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&#X00;x'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_NULL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xEF\xBF\xBDx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_NumberSign_X_Hex_Semicolon_TooLarge) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&#XABCdef123;x'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_OUTSIDE_UNICODE_RANGE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xEF\xBF\xBDx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_NumberSign_X_Hex_Semicolon_Surrogate) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&#XDb74;x'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_SURROGATE_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xEF\xBF\xBDx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_Noncharacter) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&#xFdD8;x'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_NONCHARACTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xEF\xB7\x98x", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_Noncharacter2) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&#x7FFFE;x'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_NONCHARACTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xF1\xBF\xBF\xBEx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_C0Control) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&#x3;x'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\x03x", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_NL) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&#x0A;x'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\nx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_FF) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&#x0C;x'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\fx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_CR) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&#x0D;x'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\rx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_NumberSign_X_Hex_Semicolon_Control) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&#X81;x'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xC2\x81x", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_Control2) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&#x82;x'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xE2\x80\x9Ax", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&#x2f1Ax'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xE2\xBC\x9Ax", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_AnythingElse2) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&#x2f1A-'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xE2\xBC\x9A-", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_NumberSign_x_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&#xG'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_ABSENCE_OF_DIGITS_IN_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("&#xG", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_NumberSign_AnythingElse_Digit_Semicolon) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&#1234;x'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xD3\x92x", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_NumberSign_AnythingElse_Digit_Semicolon_Control) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&#128;x'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xE2\x82\xACx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_NumberSign_AnythingElse_Digit_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&#1234a'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xD3\x92""a", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_NumberSign_AnythingElse_Digit_AnythingElse_Control) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&#128a'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xE2\x82\xAC""a", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_Amp_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='&#x'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_ABSENCE_OF_DIGITS_IN_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("&#x", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_NULL) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='\x00'>z", sizeof("<span foo='\x00'>z")-1);
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xEF\xBF\xBD", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='");
+  AtEnd(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_Apos_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<span foo='b@#$\"\t\n\f =<>!'>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("b@#$\"\t\n\f =<>!", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_GT) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_Alnum_Match_Semicolon) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&fjlig;x>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\x66\x6Ax", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_Alnum_Match_Alpha) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&aacutex>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("&aacutex", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_Alnum_Match_Num) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&aacute0>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("&aacute0", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_Alnum_Match_Otherwise) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&aacute>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xC3\xA1", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_Alnum_Otherwise_Alnum_Semicolon) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&1f;x>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNKNOWN_NAMED_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("&1f;x", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_Alnum_Otherwise_Alnum_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&1f.x>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("&1f.x", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_NumberSign_X_Hex_Semicolon_Zero) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&#X00;x>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_NULL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xEF\xBF\xBDx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_NumberSign_X_Hex_Semicolon_TooLarge) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&#XABCdef123;x>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CHARACTER_REFERENCE_OUTSIDE_UNICODE_RANGE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xEF\xBF\xBDx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_NumberSign_X_Hex_Semicolon_Surrogate) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&#XDb74;x>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_SURROGATE_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xEF\xBF\xBDx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_Noncharacter) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&#xFdD8;x>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_NONCHARACTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xEF\xB7\x98x", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_Noncharacter2) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&#x7FFFE;x>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_NONCHARACTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xF1\xBF\xBF\xBEx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_C0Control) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&#x3;x>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\x03x", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_NL) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&#x0A;x>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\nx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_FF) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&#x0C;x>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\fx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_CR) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&#x0D;x>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\rx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_NumberSign_X_Hex_Semicolon_Control) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&#X81;x>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xC2\x81x", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_Semicolon_Control2) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&#x82;x>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xE2\x80\x9Ax", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&#x2f1Ax>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xE2\xBC\x9Ax", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_NumberSign_x_Hex_AnythingElse2) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&#x2f1A->z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xE2\xBC\x9A-", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_NumberSign_x_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&#xG>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_ABSENCE_OF_DIGITS_IN_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("&#xG", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_NumberSign_AnythingElse_Digit_Semicolon) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&#1234;x>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xD3\x92x", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_NumberSign_AnythingElse_Digit_Semicolon_Control) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&#128;x>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xE2\x82\xACx", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_NumberSign_AnythingElse_Digit_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&#1234a>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xD3\x92""a", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_NumberSign_AnythingElse_Digit_AnythingElse_Control) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&#128a>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_MISSING_SEMICOLON_AFTER_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_CONTROL_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xE2\x82\xAC""a", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_Amp_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=&#x>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_ABSENCE_OF_DIGITS_IN_NUMERIC_CHARACTER_REFERENCE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("&#x", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_NULL) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\x00>z", sizeof("<span foo=\x00>z")-1);
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xEF\xBF\xBD", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=");
+  AtEnd(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_EQ_AnythingElse_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=b@#$!>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("b@#$!", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<span foo bar=''>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", attr->value);
+
+  attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[1]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("bar", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_NULL) {
+  SetInput("<span \x00=''>z", sizeof("<span \x00=''>z")-1);
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\xEF\xBF\xBD", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Quote) {
+  SetInput("<span \"=''>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_CHARACTER_IN_ATTRIBUTE_NAME);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("\"", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_Apos) {
+  SetInput("<span '=''>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_CHARACTER_IN_ATTRIBUTE_NAME);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("'", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Space_AnythingElse_LT) {
+  SetInput("<span <=''>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_CHARACTER_IN_ATTRIBUTE_NAME);
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("<", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_MultipleAttributes) {
+  SetInput("<span foo=\"123\"\tbar='456'\nbaz=789\f>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_SPAN);
+  ASSERT_EQ(3, token_.v.start_tag.attributes.length);
+  GumboAttribute *attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("foo", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("123", attr->value);
+
+  attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[1]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("bar", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("456", attr->value);
+
+  attr = static_cast<GumboAttribute*>(token_.v.start_tag.attributes.data[2]);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("baz", attr->name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("789", attr->value);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Slash_GT) {
+  SetInput("<br/>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_BR);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(token_.v.start_tag.is_self_closing);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Slash_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<br/");
+  AtEnd(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_Slash_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<br/ >z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_BR, true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_SOLIDUS_IN_TAG);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(token_.v.start_tag.is_self_closing);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_GT) {
+  SetInput("<mATh>z");
+  NextStartTag(GUMBO_TAG_MATH);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_NULL) {
+  SetInput("<s\x00pan>z", sizeof("<s\x00pan>z")-1);
+  Next(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG, token_.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN, token_.v.start_tag.tag);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("s\xEF\xBF\xBDpan", token_.v.start_tag.name);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<sp");
+  AtEnd(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_IN_TAG);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Alpha_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<h5?-&!]>z");
+  Next();
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG, token_.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_UNKNOWN, token_.v.start_tag.tag);
+  EXPECT_STREQ("h5?-&!]", token_.v.start_tag.name);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_Question) {
+  SetInput("<?php ?>z");
+  NextComment("?php ?", true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_QUESTION_MARK_INSTEAD_OF_TAG_NAME);
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_EOF) {
+  SetInput("<");
+  NextChar('<', true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_EOF_BEFORE_TAG_NAME);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_LT_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("<0z");
+  NextChar('<', true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_INVALID_FIRST_CHARACTER_OF_TAG_NAME);
+  NextChar('0');
+  NextChar('z');
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_NULL) {
+  SetInput("", 1);
+  Next(true);
+  Error(GUMBO_ERR_UNEXPECTED_NULL_CHARACTER);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_NULL, token_.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, token_.v.character);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_EOF) {
+  SetInput("");
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, Data_AnythingElse) {
+  SetInput("a\xce\xb2\xd7\x92");
+  NextChar(0x61);
+  NextChar(0x03B2);
+  NextChar(0x05D2);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboTokenizerTest, UTF8_BOM) {
+  SetInput("\xEF\xBB\xBF<b>");
+  Next();
+  ASSERT_EQ(GUMBO_TOKEN_START_TAG, token_.type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_TAG_B, token_.v.start_tag.tag);
+  AtEnd();
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+// vim: set sw=2 sts=2 ts=8 et:
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/test/utf8.cc b/gumbo-parser/test/utf8.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7235342d1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/test/utf8.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,623 @@
+// Copyright 2011 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// Author: jdtang@google.com (Jonathan Tang)
+
+#include "utf8.h"
+
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "error.h"
+#include "gumbo.h"
+#include "test_utils.h"
+
+namespace {
+
+// Tests for utf8.c
+class Utf8Test : public GumboTest {
+ protected:
+  void Advance(int num_chars) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < num_chars; ++i) {
+      utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+    }
+  }
+
+  void ResetText(const char* text) {
+    text_ = text;
+    utf8iterator_init(&parser_, text, strlen(text), &input_);
+  }
+
+  GumboError* GetFirstError() {
+    return static_cast<GumboError*>(parser_._output->errors.data[0]);
+  }
+
+  int GetNumErrors() { return parser_._output->errors.length; }
+
+  Utf8Iterator input_;
+};
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, EmptyString) {
+  ResetText("");
+  EXPECT_EQ(-1, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, GetPosition_EmptyString) {
+  ResetText("");
+  GumboSourcePosition pos;
+
+  utf8iterator_get_position(&input_, &pos);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, pos.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, pos.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, pos.offset);
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, Null) {
+  // Can't use ResetText, as the implicit strlen will choke on the null.
+  text_ = "\0f";
+  utf8iterator_init(&parser_, text_, 2, &input_);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  EXPECT_EQ('\0', *utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&input_));
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ('f', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  EXPECT_EQ('f', *utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&input_));
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, OneByteChar) {
+  ResetText("a");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetNumErrors());
+  EXPECT_EQ('a', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  EXPECT_EQ('a', *utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&input_));
+
+  GumboSourcePosition pos;
+  utf8iterator_get_position(&input_, &pos);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, pos.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, pos.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, pos.offset);
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(-1, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, ContinuationByte) {
+  ResetText("\x85");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetNumErrors());
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xFFFD, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  EXPECT_EQ('\x85', *utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&input_));
+
+  errors_are_expected_ = true;
+  GumboError* error = GetFirstError();
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_ERR_UTF8_INVALID, error->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ('\x85', *error->original_text.data);
+  // This isn't a valid code point so it doesn't matter what value it has.
+  // EXPECT_EQ(0x85, error->v.tokenizer.codepoint);
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(-1, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, MultipleContinuationBytes) {
+  ResetText("a\x85\xA0\xC2x\x9A");
+  EXPECT_EQ('a', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xFFFD, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xFFFD, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xFFFD, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ('x', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xFFFD, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(-1, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(4, GetNumErrors());
+  errors_are_expected_ = true;
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, OverlongEncoding) {
+  // \xC0\x75 = 11000000 01110101.
+  ResetText("\xC0\x75");
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetNumErrors());
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xFFFD, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  EXPECT_EQ('\xC0', *utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&input_));
+
+  errors_are_expected_ = true;
+  GumboError* error = GetFirstError();
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_ERR_UTF8_INVALID, error->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, error->position.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, error->position.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, error->position.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ('\xC0', *error->original_text.data);
+  // This isn't a valid code point so it doesn't matter what value it has.
+  // EXPECT_EQ(0xC0, error->v.tokenizer.codepoint);
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x75, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  EXPECT_EQ('\x75', *utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(-1, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, OverlongEncodingWithContinuationByte) {
+  // \xC0\x85 = 11000000 10000101.
+  ResetText("\xC0\x85");
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, GetNumErrors());
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xFFFD, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  EXPECT_EQ('\xC0', *utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xFFFD, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  errors_are_expected_ = true;
+  GumboError* error = GetFirstError();
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_ERR_UTF8_INVALID, error->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, error->position.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, error->position.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, error->position.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ('\xC0', *error->original_text.data);
+  // This isn't a valid code point so it doesn't matter what value it has.
+  // EXPECT_EQ(0xC0, error->v.tokenizer.codepoint);
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(-1, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, TwoByteChar) {
+  // \xC3\xA5 = 11000011 10100101.
+  ResetText("\xC3\xA5o");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetNumErrors());
+  // Codepoint = 000 11100101 = 0xE5.
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xE5, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  EXPECT_EQ('\xC3', *utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&input_));
+
+  GumboSourcePosition pos;
+  utf8iterator_get_position(&input_, &pos);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, pos.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, pos.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, pos.offset);
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ('o', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_get_position(&input_, &pos);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, pos.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, pos.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, pos.offset);
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, TwoByteChar2) {
+  // \xC2\xA5 = 11000010 10100101.
+  ResetText("\xC2\xA5");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetNumErrors());
+  // Codepoint = 000 10100101 = 0xA5.
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xA5, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  EXPECT_EQ('\xC2', *utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(-1, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, ThreeByteChar) {
+  // \xE3\xA7\xA7 = 11100011 10100111 10100111
+  ResetText("\xE3\xA7\xA7\xB0");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetNumErrors());
+  // Codepoint = 00111001 11100111 = 0x39E7
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x39E7, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  EXPECT_EQ('\xE3', *utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetNumErrors());
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xFFFD, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  EXPECT_EQ('\xB0', *utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&input_));
+
+  GumboSourcePosition pos;
+  utf8iterator_get_position(&input_, &pos);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, pos.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, pos.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, pos.offset);
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(-1, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  errors_are_expected_ = true;
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, FourByteChar) {
+  // \xC3\x9A = 11000011 10011010
+  // \xF1\xA7\xA7\xA7 = 11110001 10100111 10100111 10100111
+  ResetText("\xC3\x9A\xF1\xA7\xA7\xA7");
+
+  // Codepoint = 000 11011010 = 0xDA.
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xDA, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  EXPECT_EQ('\xC3', *utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  // Codepoint = 00110 01111001 11100111 = 0x679E7.
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x679E7, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  EXPECT_EQ('\xF1', *utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(-1, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, FourByteCharWithoutContinuationChars) {
+  // \xF1\xA7\xA7\xA7 = 11110001 10100111 10100111 10100111
+  ResetText("\xF1\xA7\xA7-");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetNumErrors());
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xFFFD, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  EXPECT_EQ('\xF1', *utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ('-', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(-1, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  errors_are_expected_ = true;
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, FiveByteCharIsError) {
+  ResetText("\xF6\xA7\xA7\xA7\xA7x");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetNumErrors());
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xFFFD, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xFFFD, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ('x', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  errors_are_expected_ = true;
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, SixByteCharIsError) {
+  ResetText("\xF8\xA7\xA7\xA7\xA7\xA7x");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetNumErrors());
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xFFFD, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xFFFD, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ('x', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  errors_are_expected_ = true;
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, SevenByteCharIsError) {
+  ResetText("\xFC\xA7\xA7\xA7\xA7\xA7\xA7x");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetNumErrors());
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xFFFD, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xFFFD, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ('x', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  errors_are_expected_ = true;
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, 0xFFIsError) {
+  ResetText("\xFFx");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetNumErrors());
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xFFFD, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ('x', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  errors_are_expected_ = true;
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, InvalidControlCharIsNotReplaced) {
+  ResetText("\x1Bx");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetNumErrors());
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x001b, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ('x', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  errors_are_expected_ = true;
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, TruncatedInput) {
+  ResetText("\xF1\xA7");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, GetNumErrors());
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xFFFD, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  errors_are_expected_ = true;
+  GumboError* error = GetFirstError();
+  EXPECT_EQ(GUMBO_ERR_UTF8_TRUNCATED, error->type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, error->position.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, error->position.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, error->position.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ('\xF1', *error->original_text.data);
+  // This isn't a valid code point so it doesn't matter what value it has.
+  // EXPECT_EQ(0xF1A7, error->v.tokenizer.codepoint);
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(-1, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, Html5SpecExample) {
+  // This example has since been removed from the spec, and the spec has been
+  // changed to reference the Unicode Standard 6.2, 5.22 "Best practices for
+  // U+FFFD substitution."
+  errors_are_expected_ = true;
+  ResetText("\x41\x98\xBA\x42\xE2\x98\x43\xE2\x98\xBA\xE2\x98");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ('A', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xFFFD, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xFFFD, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ('B', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xFFFD, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ('C', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  // \xE2\x98\xBA = 11100010 10011000 10111010
+  // Codepoint = 00100110 00111010 = 0x263A
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x263A, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xFFFD, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, MultipleEOFReads) {
+  ResetText("a");
+  Advance(2);
+  EXPECT_EQ(-1, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(-1, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, AsciiOnly) {
+  ResetText("hello");
+  Advance(4);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ('o', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  EXPECT_EQ('o', *utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&input_));
+
+  GumboSourcePosition pos;
+  utf8iterator_get_position(&input_, &pos);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, pos.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(5, pos.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(4, pos.offset);
+
+  Advance(1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(-1, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, NewlinePosition) {
+  ResetText("a\nnewline");
+  Advance(1);
+
+  // Newline itself should register as being at the end of a line.
+  GumboSourcePosition pos;
+  utf8iterator_get_position(&input_, &pos);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, pos.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, pos.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, pos.offset);
+
+  // The next character should be at the next line.
+  Advance(1);
+  utf8iterator_get_position(&input_, &pos);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, pos.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, pos.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, pos.offset);
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, TabPositionFreshTabstop) {
+  ResetText("a\n\ttab");
+  Advance(sizeof("a\n\t") - 1);
+
+  GumboSourcePosition pos;
+  utf8iterator_get_position(&input_, &pos);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, pos.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(8, pos.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, pos.offset);
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, TabPositionMidTabstop) {
+  ResetText("a tab\tinline");
+  Advance(sizeof("a tab\t") - 1);
+
+  GumboSourcePosition pos;
+  utf8iterator_get_position(&input_, &pos);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, pos.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(8, pos.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(6, pos.offset);
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, ConfigurableTabstop) {
+  options_.tab_stop = 4;
+  ResetText("a\n\ttab");
+  Advance(sizeof("a\n\t") - 1);
+
+  GumboSourcePosition pos;
+  utf8iterator_get_position(&input_, &pos);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, pos.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(4, pos.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, pos.offset);
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, CRLF) {
+  ResetText("Windows\r\nlinefeeds");
+  Advance(sizeof("Windows") - 1);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ('\n', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  EXPECT_EQ('\n', *utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&input_));
+
+  GumboSourcePosition pos;
+  utf8iterator_get_position(&input_, &pos);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, pos.line);
+  // The carriage return should be ignore in column calculations, treating the
+  // CRLF combination as one character.
+  EXPECT_EQ(8, pos.column);
+  // However, it should not be ignored in computing offsets, which are often
+  // used by other tools to index into the original buffer. We don't expect
+  // other unicode-aware tools to have the same \r\n handling as HTML5.
+  EXPECT_EQ(8, pos.offset);
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, SkipBom) {
+  ResetText("\xEF\xBB\xBFX");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, GetNumErrors());
+  EXPECT_EQ('X', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  GumboSourcePosition pos;
+  utf8iterator_get_position(&input_, &pos);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, pos.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, pos.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, pos.offset);
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, CarriageReturn) {
+  ResetText("Mac\rlinefeeds");
+  Advance(sizeof("Mac") - 1);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ('\n', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  // We don't change the original pointer, which is part of the const input
+  // buffer. original_text pointers will see a carriage return as original
+  // written.
+  EXPECT_EQ('\r', *utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&input_));
+
+  GumboSourcePosition pos;
+  utf8iterator_get_position(&input_, &pos);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, pos.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(4, pos.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, pos.offset);
+
+  Advance(1);
+  EXPECT_EQ('l', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  EXPECT_EQ('l', *utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_get_position(&input_, &pos);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, pos.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, pos.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(4, pos.offset);
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, Matches) {
+  ResetText("\xC2\xA5goobar");
+  Advance(1);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(utf8iterator_maybe_consume_match(&input_, "goo", 3, true));
+  EXPECT_EQ('b', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, MatchesOverflow) {
+  ResetText("goo");
+  EXPECT_FALSE(utf8iterator_maybe_consume_match(&input_, "goobar", 6, true));
+  EXPECT_EQ('g', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, MatchesEof) {
+  ResetText("goo");
+  EXPECT_TRUE(utf8iterator_maybe_consume_match(&input_, "goo", 3, true));
+  EXPECT_EQ(-1, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, MatchesCaseSensitivity) {
+  ResetText("gooBAR");
+  EXPECT_FALSE(utf8iterator_maybe_consume_match(&input_, "goobar", 6, true));
+  EXPECT_EQ('g', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, MatchesCaseInsensitive) {
+  ResetText("gooBAR");
+  EXPECT_TRUE(utf8iterator_maybe_consume_match(&input_, "goobar", 6, false));
+  EXPECT_EQ(-1, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, MatchFollowedByNullByte) {
+  // Can't use ResetText, as the implicit strlen will choke on the null.
+  text_ = "CDATA\0f";
+  utf8iterator_init(&parser_, text_, 7, &input_);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(utf8iterator_maybe_consume_match(
+      &input_, "cdata", sizeof("cdata") - 1, false));
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  EXPECT_EQ('\0', *utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&input_));
+  utf8iterator_next(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ('f', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  EXPECT_EQ('f', *utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&input_));
+}
+
+TEST_F(Utf8Test, MarkReset) {
+  ResetText("this is a test");
+  Advance(5);
+  EXPECT_EQ('i', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  utf8iterator_mark(&input_);
+
+  Advance(3);
+  EXPECT_EQ('a', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+
+  GumboSourcePosition position = utf8iterator_get_mark_position(&input_);
+  const char* original_text = utf8iterator_get_mark_pointer(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ('i', *original_text);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, position.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(6, position.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(5, position.offset);
+
+  utf8iterator_reset(&input_);
+  EXPECT_EQ('i', utf8iterator_current(&input_));
+  EXPECT_EQ('i', *utf8iterator_get_char_pointer(&input_));
+
+  utf8iterator_get_position(&input_, &position);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, position.line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(6, position.column);
+  EXPECT_EQ(5, position.offset);
+}
+
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/gumbo-parser/test/vector.cc b/gumbo-parser/test/vector.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..33b15c3621
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gumbo-parser/test/vector.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+// Copyright 2011 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// Author: jdtang@google.com (Jonathan Tang)
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include "vector.h"
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "test_utils.h"
+
+namespace {
+
+class GumboVectorTest : public GumboTest {
+ protected:
+  GumboVectorTest(): one_(1), two_(2), three_(3) {
+    gumbo_vector_init(2, &vector_);
+  }
+
+  ~GumboVectorTest() { gumbo_vector_destroy(&vector_); }
+
+  GumboVector vector_;
+
+  // dummy ints that we can use to take addresses of.
+  int one_;
+  int two_;
+  int three_;
+};
+
+TEST_F(GumboVectorTest, Init) {
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, vector_.length);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, vector_.capacity);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboVectorTest, InitZeroCapacity) {
+  gumbo_vector_destroy(&vector_);
+  gumbo_vector_init(0, &vector_);
+
+  gumbo_vector_add(&one_, &vector_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, vector_.length);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, *(static_cast<int*>(vector_.data[0])));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboVectorTest, Add) {
+  gumbo_vector_add(&one_, &vector_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, vector_.length);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, *(static_cast<int*>(vector_.data[0])));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, gumbo_vector_index_of(&vector_, &one_));
+  EXPECT_EQ(-1, gumbo_vector_index_of(&vector_, &two_));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboVectorTest, AddMultiple) {
+  gumbo_vector_add(&one_, &vector_);
+  gumbo_vector_add(&two_, &vector_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, vector_.length);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, *(static_cast<int*>(vector_.data[1])));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, gumbo_vector_index_of(&vector_, &two_));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboVectorTest, Realloc) {
+  gumbo_vector_add(&one_, &vector_);
+  gumbo_vector_add(&two_, &vector_);
+  gumbo_vector_add(&three_, &vector_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, vector_.length);
+  EXPECT_EQ(4, vector_.capacity);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, *(static_cast<int*>(vector_.data[2])));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboVectorTest, Pop) {
+  gumbo_vector_add(&one_, &vector_);
+  int result = *static_cast<int*>(gumbo_vector_pop(&vector_));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, result);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, vector_.length);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboVectorTest, PopEmpty) {
+  EXPECT_EQ(NULL, gumbo_vector_pop(&vector_));
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboVectorTest, InsertAtFirst) {
+  gumbo_vector_add(&one_, &vector_);
+  gumbo_vector_add(&two_, &vector_);
+  gumbo_vector_insert_at(&three_, 0, &vector_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, vector_.length);
+  int result = *static_cast<int*>(vector_.data[0]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, result);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboVectorTest, InsertAtLast) {
+  gumbo_vector_add(&one_, &vector_);
+  gumbo_vector_add(&two_, &vector_);
+  gumbo_vector_insert_at(&three_, 2, &vector_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, vector_.length);
+  int result = *static_cast<int*>(vector_.data[2]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, result);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboVectorTest, Remove) {
+  gumbo_vector_add(&one_, &vector_);
+  gumbo_vector_add(&two_, &vector_);
+  gumbo_vector_add(&three_, &vector_);
+  gumbo_vector_remove(&two_, &vector_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, vector_.length);
+  int three = *static_cast<int*>(vector_.data[1]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, three);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GumboVectorTest, RemoveAt) {
+  gumbo_vector_add(&one_, &vector_);
+  gumbo_vector_add(&two_, &vector_);
+  gumbo_vector_add(&three_, &vector_);
+  int result = *static_cast<int*>(gumbo_vector_remove_at(1, &vector_));
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, result);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, vector_.length);
+  int three = *static_cast<int*>(vector_.data[1]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, three);
+}
+
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/lib/nekohtml.jar b/lib/nekohtml.jar
index d9f245b043..1303f1d557 100644
Binary files a/lib/nekohtml.jar and b/lib/nekohtml.jar differ
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri.rb b/lib/nokogiri.rb
index bf5663dad4..76fa9b662f 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri.rb
@@ -1,75 +1,67 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# coding: utf-8
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-# Modify the PATH on windows so that the external DLLs will get loaded.
 
-require 'rbconfig'
+require "rbconfig"
 
 if defined?(RUBY_ENGINE) && RUBY_ENGINE == "jruby"
-  require 'nokogiri/jruby/dependencies'
+  require_relative "nokogiri/jruby/dependencies"
 end
 
-require 'nokogiri/extension'
-
-require 'nokogiri/version'
-require 'nokogiri/syntax_error'
-require 'nokogiri/xml'
-require 'nokogiri/xslt'
-require 'nokogiri/html'
-require 'nokogiri/decorators/slop'
-require 'nokogiri/css'
-require 'nokogiri/html/builder'
+require_relative "nokogiri/extension"
 
 # Nokogiri parses and searches XML/HTML very quickly, and also has
 # correctly implemented CSS3 selector support as well as XPath 1.0
 # support.
 #
 # Parsing a document returns either a Nokogiri::XML::Document, or a
-# Nokogiri::HTML::Document depending on the kind of document you parse.
+# Nokogiri::HTML4::Document depending on the kind of document you parse.
 #
 # Here is an example:
 #
-#   require 'nokogiri'
-#   require 'open-uri'
+#     require 'nokogiri'
+#     require 'open-uri'
+#
+#     # Get a Nokogiri::HTML4::Document for the page we’re interested in...
 #
-#   # Get a Nokogiri::HTML:Document for the page we’re interested in...
+#     doc = Nokogiri::HTML4(URI.open('http://www.google.com/search?q=tenderlove'))
 #
-#   doc = Nokogiri::HTML(URI.open('http://www.google.com/search?q=tenderlove'))
+#     # Do funky things with it using Nokogiri::XML::Node methods...
 #
-#   # Do funky things with it using Nokogiri::XML::Node methods...
+#     ####
+#     # Search for nodes by css
+#     doc.css('h3.r a.l').each do |link|
+#       puts link.content
+#     end
 #
-#   ####
-#   # Search for nodes by css
-#   doc.css('h3.r a.l').each do |link|
-#     puts link.content
-#   end
+# See also:
 #
-# See Nokogiri::XML::Searchable#css for more information about CSS searching.
-# See Nokogiri::XML::Searchable#xpath for more information about XPath searching.
+# - Nokogiri::XML::Searchable#css for more information about CSS searching
+# - Nokogiri::XML::Searchable#xpath for more information about XPath searching
 module Nokogiri
   class << self
     ###
     # Parse an HTML or XML document.  +string+ contains the document.
-    def parse string, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = nil
+    def parse(string, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = nil)
       if string.respond_to?(:read) ||
-          /^\s*<(?:!DOCTYPE\s+)?html[\s>]/i === string[0, 512]
+          /^\s*<(?:!DOCTYPE\s+)?html[\s>]/i.match?(string[0, 512])
         # Expect an HTML indicator to appear within the first 512
         # characters of a document. (<?xml ?> + <?xml-stylesheet ?>
         # shouldn't be that long)
-        Nokogiri.HTML(string, url, encoding,
+        Nokogiri.HTML4(string, url, encoding,
           options || XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_HTML)
       else
         Nokogiri.XML(string, url, encoding,
           options || XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_XML)
-      end.tap { |doc|
+      end.tap do |doc|
         yield doc if block_given?
-      }
+      end
     end
 
     ###
     # Create a new Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment
-    def make input = nil, opts = {}, &blk
+    def make(input = nil, opts = {}, &blk)
       if input
-        Nokogiri::HTML.fragment(input).children.first
+        Nokogiri::HTML4.fragment(input).children.first
       else
         Nokogiri(&blk)
       end
@@ -94,14 +86,15 @@ def Slop(*args, &block)
       Nokogiri(*args, &block).slop!
     end
 
+    # :nodoc:
     def install_default_aliases
       # Make sure to support some popular encoding aliases not known by
       # all iconv implementations.
       {
-        'Windows-31J' => 'CP932',	# Windows-31J is the IANA registered name of CP932.
-      }.each { |alias_name, name|
+        "Windows-31J" => "CP932",	# Windows-31J is the IANA registered name of CP932.
+      }.each do |alias_name, name|
         EncodingHandler.alias(name, alias_name) if EncodingHandler[alias_name].nil?
-      }
+      end
     end
   end
 
@@ -109,15 +102,27 @@ def install_default_aliases
 end
 
 ###
-# Parse a document contained in +args+.  Nokogiri will try to guess what
-# type of document you are attempting to parse.  For more information, see
-# Nokogiri.parse
+# Parse a document contained in +args+.  Nokogiri will try to guess what type of document you are
+# attempting to parse.  For more information, see Nokogiri.parse
 #
-# To specify the type of document, use Nokogiri.XML or Nokogiri.HTML.
+# To specify the type of document, use {Nokogiri.XML}, {Nokogiri.HTML4}, or {Nokogiri.HTML5}.
 def Nokogiri(*args, &block)
-  if block_given?
-    Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new(&block).doc.root
+  if block
+    Nokogiri::HTML4::Builder.new(&block).doc.root
   else
     Nokogiri.parse(*args)
   end
 end
+
+require_relative "nokogiri/version"
+require_relative "nokogiri/class_resolver"
+require_relative "nokogiri/syntax_error"
+require_relative "nokogiri/xml"
+require_relative "nokogiri/xslt"
+require_relative "nokogiri/html4"
+require_relative "nokogiri/html"
+require_relative "nokogiri/decorators/slop"
+require_relative "nokogiri/css"
+require_relative "nokogiri/html4/builder"
+
+require_relative "nokogiri/html5" if Nokogiri.uses_gumbo?
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/class_resolver.rb b/lib/nokogiri/class_resolver.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e2b21f6a6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/class_resolver.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+# coding: utf-8
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "set"
+
+module Nokogiri
+  #
+  # Some classes in Nokogiri are namespaced as a group, for example
+  # Document, DocumentFragment, and Builder.
+  #
+  # It's sometimes necessary to look up the related class, e.g.:
+  #
+  #   XML::Builder → XML::Document
+  #   HTML4::Builder → HTML4::Document
+  #   HTML5::Document → HTML5::DocumentFragment
+  #
+  # This module is included into those key classes who need to do this.
+  #
+  module ClassResolver
+    # #related_class restricts matching namespaces to those matching this set.
+    VALID_NAMESPACES = Set.new(["HTML", "HTML4", "HTML5", "XML"])
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   related_class(class_name) → Class
+    #
+    # Find a class constant within the
+    #
+    # Some examples:
+    #
+    #   Nokogiri::XML::Document.new.related_class("DocumentFragment")
+    #   # => Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment
+    #   Nokogiri::HTML4::Document.new.related_class("DocumentFragment")
+    #   # => Nokogiri::HTML4::DocumentFragment
+    #
+    # Note this will also work for subclasses that follow the same convention, e.g.:
+    #
+    #   Loofah::HTML::Document.new.related_class("DocumentFragment")
+    #   # => Loofah::HTML::DocumentFragment
+    #
+    # And even if it's a subclass, this will iterate through the superclasses:
+    #
+    #   class ThisIsATopLevelClass < Nokogiri::HTML4::Builder ; end
+    #   ThisIsATopLevelClass.new.related_class("Document")
+    #   # => Nokogiri::HTML4::Document
+    #
+    def related_class(class_name)
+      klass = nil
+      inspecting = self.class
+
+      while inspecting
+        namespace_path = inspecting.name.split("::")[0..-2]
+        inspecting = inspecting.superclass
+
+        next unless VALID_NAMESPACES.include?(namespace_path.last)
+
+        related_class_name = (namespace_path << class_name).join("::")
+        klass = begin
+          Object.const_get(related_class_name)
+        rescue NameError
+          nil
+        end
+        break if klass
+      end
+      klass
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/css.rb b/lib/nokogiri/css.rb
index 786aa5e239..4e8ffc17d6 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/css.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/css.rb
@@ -1,28 +1,60 @@
+# coding: utf-8
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-require 'nokogiri/css/node'
-require 'nokogiri/css/xpath_visitor'
-x = $-w
-$-w = false
-require 'nokogiri/css/parser'
-$-w = x
-
-require 'nokogiri/css/tokenizer'
-require 'nokogiri/css/syntax_error'
 
 module Nokogiri
+  # Translate a CSS selector into an XPath 1.0 query
   module CSS
     class << self
-      ###
-      # Parse this CSS selector in +selector+.  Returns an AST.
-      def parse selector
-        Parser.new.parse selector
+      # TODO: Deprecate this method ahead of 2.0 and delete it in 2.0.
+      # It is not used by Nokogiri and shouldn't be part of the public API.
+      def parse(selector) # :nodoc:
+        Parser.new.parse(selector)
       end
 
-      ###
-      # Get the XPath for +selector+.
-      def xpath_for selector, options={}
-        Parser.new(options[:ns] || {}).xpath_for selector, options
+      # :call-seq:
+      #   xpath_for(selector) → String
+      #   xpath_for(selector [, prefix:] [, visitor:] [, ns:]) → String
+      #
+      # Translate a CSS selector to the equivalent XPath query.
+      #
+      # [Parameters]
+      # - +selector+ (String) The CSS selector to be translated into XPath
+      #
+      # - +prefix:+ (String)
+      #
+      #   The XPath prefix for the query, see Nokogiri::XML::XPath for some options. Default is
+      #   +XML::XPath::GLOBAL_SEARCH_PREFIX+.
+      #
+      # - +visitor:+ (Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor)
+      #
+      #   The visitor class to use to transform the AST into XPath. Default is
+      #   +Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor.new+.
+      #
+      # - +ns:+ (Hash<String ⇒ String>)
+      #
+      #   The namespaces that are referenced in the query, if any. This is a hash where the keys are
+      #   the namespace prefix and the values are the namespace URIs. Default is an empty Hash.
+      #
+      # [Returns] (String) The equivalent XPath query for +selector+
+      #
+      # 💡 Note that translated queries are cached for performance concerns.
+      #
+      def xpath_for(selector, options = {})
+        prefix = options.fetch(:prefix, Nokogiri::XML::XPath::GLOBAL_SEARCH_PREFIX)
+        visitor = options.fetch(:visitor) { Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor.new }
+        ns = options.fetch(:ns, {})
+        Parser.new(ns).xpath_for(selector, prefix, visitor)
       end
     end
   end
 end
+
+require_relative "css/node"
+require_relative "css/xpath_visitor"
+x = $-w
+$-w = false
+require_relative "css/parser"
+$-w = x
+
+require_relative "css/tokenizer"
+require_relative "css/syntax_error"
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/css/node.rb b/lib/nokogiri/css/node.rb
index 672518238d..e60c4a8dd9 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/css/node.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/css/node.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module CSS
-    class Node
+    class Node # :nodoc:
       ALLOW_COMBINATOR_ON_SELF = [:DIRECT_ADJACENT_SELECTOR, :FOLLOWING_SELECTOR, :CHILD_SELECTOR]
 
       # Get the type of this node
@@ -10,25 +11,25 @@ class Node
       attr_accessor :value
 
       # Create a new Node with +type+ and +value+
-      def initialize type, value
+      def initialize(type, value)
         @type = type
         @value = value
       end
 
       # Accept +visitor+
-      def accept visitor
+      def accept(visitor)
         visitor.send(:"visit_#{type.to_s.downcase}", self)
       end
 
       ###
       # Convert this CSS node to xpath with +prefix+ using +visitor+
-      def to_xpath prefix = '//', visitor = XPathVisitor.new
-        prefix = '.' if ALLOW_COMBINATOR_ON_SELF.include?(type) && value.first.nil?
+      def to_xpath(prefix, visitor)
+        prefix = "." if ALLOW_COMBINATOR_ON_SELF.include?(type) && value.first.nil?
         prefix + visitor.accept(self)
       end
 
       # Find a node by type using +types+
-      def find_by_type types
+      def find_by_type(types)
         matches = []
         matches << self if to_type == types
         @value.each do |v|
@@ -39,9 +40,9 @@ def find_by_type types
 
       # Convert to_type
       def to_type
-        [@type] + @value.map { |n|
+        [@type] + @value.map do |n|
           n.to_type if n.respond_to?(:to_type)
-        }.compact
+        end.compact
       end
 
       # Convert to array
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/css/parser.rb b/lib/nokogiri/css/parser.rb
index 52b96826c9..2299092a70 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/css/parser.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/css/parser.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,22 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 #
 # DO NOT MODIFY!!!!
-# This file is automatically generated by Racc 1.5.2
+# This file is automatically generated by Racc 1.6.0
 # from Racc grammar file "".
 #
 
 require 'racc/parser.rb'
 
 
-require 'nokogiri/css/parser_extras'
+require_relative "parser_extras"
+
+module Nokogiri
+  module CSS
+    # :nodoc: all
+    class Parser < Racc::Parser
+    end
+  end
+end
 
 module Nokogiri
   module CSS
@@ -31,190 +39,204 @@ def unescape_css_string(str)
 ##### State transition tables begin ###
 
 racc_action_table = [
-    24,    93,    56,    57,    33,    55,    94,    23,    24,    22,
-    12,    93,    33,    27,    35,    52,    44,    22,   -23,    25,
-    45,    98,    23,    33,    26,    18,    20,    25,    27,   -23,
-    23,    24,    26,    18,    20,    33,    27,    11,    39,    24,
-    22,    23,    74,    33,    18,    91,    90,    27,    22,    12,
-    25,    24,   -23,    23,    85,    26,    18,    20,    25,    27,
-    66,    23,    24,    26,    18,    20,    33,    27,    86,    88,
-    51,    22,    89,    92,    24,    26,    56,    87,    95,    60,
-    90,    25,    96,    46,    23,    49,    26,    18,    20,    99,
-    27,    33,    33,    51,   103,   104,    56,    58,    26,    60,
-    93,   106,    33,    33,    33,   109,    39,    39,   110,    23,
-    23,   nil,    18,    18,    20,    27,    27,    39,    39,    39,
-    23,    23,    23,    18,    18,    18,    27,    27,    27,    33,
-    33,   101,   100,   nil,   102,    22,    56,    87,   nil,    60,
-    33,   nil,   nil,   nil,    39,    39,   nil,    23,    23,   nil,
-    18,    18,    20,    27,    27,    39,    82,    83,    23,    56,
-    87,    18,    60,   nil,    27,    82,    83,    78,    79,    80,
-   nil,    81,   nil,   nil,   nil,    77,    78,    79,    80,   nil,
-    81,     4,     5,    10,    77,     4,     5,    43,   nil,    56,
-    87,     6,    60,     8,     7,     6,   nil,     8,     7,     4,
-     5,    10,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,     6,
-   nil,     8,     7 ]
+    27,    11,    38,    99,    36,    12,    40,    26,    48,    25,
+    49,    27,   100,    12,    30,    36,   105,    99,   -26,    28,
+    25,   -26,    26,    27,    29,    14,    21,    23,    80,    30,
+    28,    36,    72,    26,   -26,    29,    14,    21,    23,    27,
+    30,    91,    56,    36,    97,    96,    43,    29,    25,    26,
+    27,    92,    94,    21,    36,    95,    30,    98,    28,    25,
+   101,    26,   102,    29,    14,    21,    23,    96,    30,    28,
+    36,    36,    26,   103,    29,    14,    21,    23,    27,    30,
+   108,   107,    36,   109,   106,    43,    43,    25,    26,    26,
+    27,   110,    21,    21,   111,    30,    30,    28,    99,    50,
+    26,    53,    29,    14,    21,    23,    36,    30,    36,    56,
+    61,    64,   113,    66,    29,    14,   116,    36,   118,    36,
+   nil,    43,   nil,    43,    26,   nil,    26,    14,    21,    23,
+    21,    30,    43,    30,    43,    26,   nil,    26,    36,    21,
+    36,    21,    30,    25,    30,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,    61,    62,    43,    60,    43,    26,   nil,    26,   nil,
+    21,    23,    21,    30,    57,    30,    88,    89,    14,   nil,
+   nil,    88,    89,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    84,    85,    86,
+   nil,    87,    84,    85,    86,    83,    87,   nil,    61,    93,
+    83,    66,    61,    93,   nil,    66,    61,    93,   nil,    66,
+    61,    93,   nil,    66,   nil,    14,   nil,    61,    93,    14,
+    66,   nil,   nil,    14,   nil,   nil,   nil,    14,     4,     5,
+    10,   nil,   nil,   nil,    14,     4,     5,    47,     6,   nil,
+     8,     7,     4,     5,    10,     6,   nil,     8,     7,   nil,
+   nil,   nil,     6,   nil,     8,     7 ]
 
 racc_action_check = [
-     3,    58,    24,    24,     3,    24,    57,    15,     9,     3,
-    64,    57,     9,    15,    11,    24,    18,     9,    58,     3,
-    21,    64,     3,    14,     3,     3,     3,     9,     3,    22,
-     9,    12,     9,     9,     9,    12,     9,     1,    14,    42,
-    12,    14,    45,    42,    14,    55,    55,    14,    42,     1,
-    12,    27,    46,    12,    49,    12,    12,    12,    42,    12,
-    27,    42,    43,    42,    42,    42,    43,    42,    50,    53,
-    27,    43,    54,    56,    23,    27,    51,    51,    59,    51,
-    60,    43,    61,    23,    43,    23,    43,    43,    43,    75,
-    43,    28,    25,    23,    84,    86,    25,    25,    23,    25,
-    87,    91,    29,    30,    31,    94,    28,    25,   106,    28,
-    25,   nil,    28,    25,    25,    28,    25,    29,    30,    31,
-    29,    30,    31,    29,    30,    31,    29,    30,    31,    32,
-    39,    76,    76,   nil,    76,    39,    90,    90,   nil,    90,
-    62,   nil,   nil,   nil,    32,    39,   nil,    32,    39,   nil,
-    32,    39,    39,    32,    39,    62,    47,    47,    62,    92,
-    92,    62,    92,   nil,    62,    48,    48,    47,    47,    47,
-   nil,    47,   nil,   nil,   nil,    47,    48,    48,    48,   nil,
-    48,     0,     0,     0,    48,    17,    17,    17,   nil,    93,
-    93,     0,    93,     0,     0,    17,   nil,    17,    17,    26,
-    26,    26,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    26,
-   nil,    26,    26 ]
+     3,     1,    11,    64,     3,    70,    14,    17,    21,     3,
+    24,     9,    62,     1,    17,     9,    70,    62,    25,     3,
+     9,    64,     3,    30,     3,     3,     3,     3,    49,     3,
+     9,    16,    30,     9,    50,     9,     9,     9,     9,    12,
+     9,    53,    30,    12,    60,    60,    16,    30,    12,    16,
+    46,    54,    58,    16,    46,    59,    16,    61,    12,    46,
+    63,    12,    65,    12,    12,    12,    12,    66,    12,    46,
+    31,    32,    46,    67,    46,    46,    46,    46,    47,    46,
+    82,    82,    47,    82,    81,    31,    32,    47,    31,    32,
+    26,    90,    31,    32,    92,    31,    32,    47,    93,    26,
+    47,    26,    47,    47,    47,    47,    28,    47,    33,    26,
+    28,    28,    97,    28,    26,    26,   100,    34,   113,    35,
+   nil,    28,   nil,    33,    28,   nil,    33,    28,    28,    28,
+    33,    28,    34,    33,    35,    34,   nil,    35,    43,    34,
+    68,    35,    34,    43,    35,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,    27,    27,    43,    27,    68,    43,   nil,    68,   nil,
+    43,    43,    68,    43,    27,    68,    51,    51,    27,   nil,
+   nil,    52,    52,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    51,    51,    51,
+   nil,    51,    52,    52,    52,    51,    52,   nil,    56,    56,
+    52,    56,    96,    96,   nil,    96,    98,    98,   nil,    98,
+    99,    99,   nil,    99,   nil,    56,   nil,   101,   101,    96,
+   101,   nil,   nil,    98,   nil,   nil,   nil,    99,     0,     0,
+     0,   nil,   nil,   nil,   101,    20,    20,    20,     0,   nil,
+     0,     0,    29,    29,    29,    20,   nil,    20,    20,   nil,
+   nil,   nil,    29,   nil,    29,    29 ]
 
 racc_action_pointer = [
-   174,    37,   nil,    -2,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,     6,
-   nil,    14,    29,   nil,    17,   -17,   nil,   178,     5,   nil,
-   nil,    -9,     0,    72,    -8,    86,   192,    49,    85,    96,
-    97,    98,   123,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   124,
-   nil,   nil,    37,    60,   nil,    31,    23,   153,   162,    29,
-    39,    66,   nil,    46,    49,    34,    61,    -1,   -11,    55,
-    68,    59,   134,   nil,    -2,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    64,   121,   nil,   nil,   nil,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    69,   nil,    84,    88,   nil,   nil,
-   126,    94,   149,   179,    92,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    95,   nil,   nil,   nil,
-   nil ]
+   211,     1,   nil,    -2,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,     9,
+   nil,     2,    37,   nil,    -5,   nil,    25,   -17,   nil,   nil,
+   218,    -3,   nil,   nil,   -20,   -12,    88,   141,   100,   225,
+    21,    64,    65,   102,   111,   113,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,   nil,   nil,   132,   nil,   nil,    48,    76,   nil,    17,
+     4,   163,   168,    16,    21,   nil,   178,   nil,    29,    32,
+    33,    45,     5,    48,    -9,    39,    55,    50,   134,   nil,
+    -7,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,    59,    70,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+    66,   nil,    83,    86,   nil,   nil,   182,   105,   186,   190,
+   103,   197,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,   nil,   nil,   105,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil ]
 
 racc_action_default = [
-   -75,   -76,    -2,   -24,    -4,    -5,    -6,    -7,    -8,   -24,
-   -74,   -76,   -24,    -3,   -47,   -10,   -13,   -17,   -76,   -19,
-   -20,   -76,   -22,   -24,   -76,   -24,   -75,   -76,   -53,   -54,
-   -55,   -56,   -57,   -58,   -14,   111,    -1,    -9,   -46,   -24,
-   -11,   -12,   -24,   -24,   -18,   -76,   -29,   -62,   -62,   -76,
-   -76,   -76,   -30,   -76,   -76,   -38,   -39,   -40,   -22,   -76,
-   -38,   -76,   -71,   -73,   -76,   -44,   -45,   -48,   -49,   -50,
-   -51,   -52,   -15,   -16,   -21,   -76,   -76,   -63,   -64,   -65,
-   -66,   -67,   -68,   -69,   -76,   -27,   -76,   -40,   -31,   -32,
-   -76,   -43,   -76,   -76,   -76,   -33,   -70,   -72,   -34,   -25,
-   -59,   -60,   -61,   -26,   -28,   -35,   -76,   -36,   -37,   -42,
-   -41 ]
+   -81,   -82,    -2,   -27,    -4,    -5,    -6,    -7,    -8,   -27,
+   -80,   -82,   -27,    -3,   -82,   -10,   -53,   -12,   -15,   -16,
+   -20,   -82,   -22,   -23,   -82,   -25,   -27,   -82,   -27,   -81,
+   -82,   -59,   -60,   -61,   -62,   -63,   -64,   -17,   119,    -1,
+    -9,   -11,   -52,   -27,   -13,   -14,   -27,   -27,   -21,   -82,
+   -32,   -68,   -68,   -82,   -82,   -33,   -82,   -34,   -82,   -82,
+   -43,   -44,   -45,   -46,   -25,   -82,   -43,   -82,   -77,   -79,
+   -82,   -50,   -51,   -54,   -55,   -56,   -57,   -58,   -18,   -19,
+   -24,   -82,   -82,   -69,   -70,   -71,   -72,   -73,   -74,   -75,
+   -82,   -30,   -82,   -45,   -35,   -36,   -82,   -49,   -82,   -82,
+   -82,   -82,   -37,   -76,   -78,   -38,   -28,   -65,   -66,   -67,
+   -29,   -31,   -39,   -82,   -40,   -41,   -48,   -42,   -47 ]
 
 racc_goto_table = [
-    53,    38,    13,     1,    42,    48,    62,    37,    34,    65,
-    40,    36,    63,    75,    84,    67,    68,    69,    70,    71,
-    62,    41,    50,    47,    54,   nil,    63,   nil,   nil,    64,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
-   nil,    72,    73,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    97,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   105,   nil,   107,   108 ]
+    58,    42,    13,     1,    46,    52,    19,    68,    37,    71,
+    41,    39,    19,    69,    44,    19,    73,    74,    75,    76,
+    77,    45,    68,    81,    90,    54,    51,    59,    69,    55,
+   nil,   nil,    70,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    78,    79,   nil,   nil,    19,
+    19,   nil,   nil,   104,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   112,
+   nil,   114,   115,   nil,   117 ]
 
 racc_goto_check = [
-    18,    12,     2,     1,     5,     9,     7,     8,     2,     9,
-    10,     2,    12,    17,    17,    12,    12,    12,    12,    12,
-     7,    11,    15,    16,    19,   nil,    12,   nil,   nil,     1,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
-   nil,     2,     2,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    12,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    18,   nil,    18,    18 ]
+    20,    14,     2,     1,     5,    11,     7,     9,     2,    11,
+    10,     2,     7,    14,    12,     7,    14,    14,    14,    14,
+    14,    13,     9,    19,    19,    17,    18,    21,    14,     7,
+   nil,   nil,     1,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,     2,     2,   nil,   nil,     7,
+     7,   nil,   nil,    14,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    20,
+   nil,    20,    20,   nil,    20 ]
 
 racc_goto_pointer = [
-   nil,     3,    -1,   nil,   nil,   -13,   nil,   -19,    -7,   -18,
-    -5,     6,   -13,   nil,   nil,    -1,     0,   -34,   -24,     0,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil ]
+   nil,     3,    -1,   nil,   nil,   -16,   nil,     3,   nil,   -21,
+    -6,   -21,    -3,     4,   -15,   nil,   nil,    -1,     0,   -28,
+   -27,     0,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil ]
 
 racc_goto_default = [
-   nil,   nil,   nil,     2,     3,     9,    17,    14,   nil,    15,
-    31,    30,    16,    29,    19,    21,   nil,   nil,    59,   nil,
-    28,    32,    76,    61 ]
+   nil,   nil,   nil,     2,     3,     9,    15,    63,    20,    16,
+   nil,    17,    34,    33,    18,    32,    22,    24,   nil,   nil,
+    65,   nil,    31,    35,    82,    67 ]
 
 racc_reduce_table = [
   0, 0, :racc_error,
-  3, 32, :_reduce_1,
-  1, 32, :_reduce_2,
-  2, 32, :_reduce_3,
-  1, 36, :_reduce_4,
-  1, 36, :_reduce_5,
-  1, 36, :_reduce_6,
-  1, 36, :_reduce_7,
-  1, 36, :_reduce_8,
-  2, 37, :_reduce_9,
-  1, 37, :_reduce_none,
-  2, 37, :_reduce_11,
-  2, 37, :_reduce_12,
-  1, 37, :_reduce_13,
-  2, 34, :_reduce_14,
-  3, 33, :_reduce_15,
-  3, 33, :_reduce_16,
-  1, 33, :_reduce_none,
-  2, 44, :_reduce_18,
-  1, 38, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 38, :_reduce_20,
-  3, 45, :_reduce_21,
-  1, 45, :_reduce_22,
-  1, 46, :_reduce_23,
-  0, 46, :_reduce_none,
-  4, 42, :_reduce_25,
-  4, 42, :_reduce_26,
-  3, 42, :_reduce_27,
-  3, 47, :_reduce_28,
-  1, 47, :_reduce_29,
-  2, 40, :_reduce_30,
-  3, 40, :_reduce_31,
-  3, 40, :_reduce_32,
-  3, 40, :_reduce_33,
-  3, 40, :_reduce_34,
-  3, 49, :_reduce_35,
-  3, 49, :_reduce_36,
-  3, 49, :_reduce_37,
-  1, 49, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 49, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 49, :_reduce_40,
-  4, 50, :_reduce_41,
-  3, 50, :_reduce_42,
-  2, 50, :_reduce_43,
-  2, 41, :_reduce_44,
-  2, 41, :_reduce_45,
-  1, 39, :_reduce_none,
-  0, 39, :_reduce_none,
-  2, 43, :_reduce_48,
-  2, 43, :_reduce_49,
-  2, 43, :_reduce_50,
-  2, 43, :_reduce_51,
-  2, 43, :_reduce_52,
-  1, 43, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 43, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 43, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 43, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 43, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 51, :_reduce_58,
-  2, 48, :_reduce_59,
-  2, 48, :_reduce_60,
-  2, 48, :_reduce_61,
-  0, 48, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 53, :_reduce_63,
-  1, 53, :_reduce_64,
-  1, 53, :_reduce_65,
-  1, 53, :_reduce_66,
-  1, 53, :_reduce_67,
-  1, 53, :_reduce_68,
-  1, 53, :_reduce_69,
-  3, 52, :_reduce_70,
-  1, 54, :_reduce_none,
-  2, 54, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 54, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 35, :_reduce_none,
-  0, 35, :_reduce_none ]
-
-racc_reduce_n = 76
-
-racc_shift_n = 111
+  3, 33, :_reduce_1,
+  1, 33, :_reduce_2,
+  2, 33, :_reduce_3,
+  1, 37, :_reduce_4,
+  1, 37, :_reduce_5,
+  1, 37, :_reduce_6,
+  1, 37, :_reduce_7,
+  1, 37, :_reduce_8,
+  2, 38, :_reduce_9,
+  1, 39, :_reduce_10,
+  2, 40, :_reduce_11,
+  1, 40, :_reduce_none,
+  2, 40, :_reduce_13,
+  2, 40, :_reduce_14,
+  1, 40, :_reduce_15,
+  1, 40, :_reduce_none,
+  2, 35, :_reduce_17,
+  3, 34, :_reduce_18,
+  3, 34, :_reduce_19,
+  1, 34, :_reduce_none,
+  2, 47, :_reduce_21,
+  1, 41, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 41, :_reduce_23,
+  3, 48, :_reduce_24,
+  1, 48, :_reduce_25,
+  1, 49, :_reduce_26,
+  0, 49, :_reduce_none,
+  4, 45, :_reduce_28,
+  4, 45, :_reduce_29,
+  3, 45, :_reduce_30,
+  3, 50, :_reduce_31,
+  1, 50, :_reduce_32,
+  1, 50, :_reduce_none,
+  2, 43, :_reduce_34,
+  3, 43, :_reduce_35,
+  3, 43, :_reduce_36,
+  3, 43, :_reduce_37,
+  3, 43, :_reduce_38,
+  3, 52, :_reduce_39,
+  3, 52, :_reduce_40,
+  3, 52, :_reduce_41,
+  3, 52, :_reduce_42,
+  1, 52, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 52, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 52, :_reduce_45,
+  1, 52, :_reduce_none,
+  4, 53, :_reduce_47,
+  3, 53, :_reduce_48,
+  2, 53, :_reduce_49,
+  2, 44, :_reduce_50,
+  2, 44, :_reduce_51,
+  1, 42, :_reduce_none,
+  0, 42, :_reduce_none,
+  2, 46, :_reduce_54,
+  2, 46, :_reduce_55,
+  2, 46, :_reduce_56,
+  2, 46, :_reduce_57,
+  2, 46, :_reduce_58,
+  1, 46, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 46, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 46, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 46, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 46, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 54, :_reduce_64,
+  2, 51, :_reduce_65,
+  2, 51, :_reduce_66,
+  2, 51, :_reduce_67,
+  0, 51, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 56, :_reduce_69,
+  1, 56, :_reduce_70,
+  1, 56, :_reduce_71,
+  1, 56, :_reduce_72,
+  1, 56, :_reduce_73,
+  1, 56, :_reduce_74,
+  1, 56, :_reduce_75,
+  3, 55, :_reduce_76,
+  1, 57, :_reduce_none,
+  2, 57, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 57, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 36, :_reduce_none,
+  0, 36, :_reduce_none ]
+
+racc_reduce_n = 82
+
+racc_shift_n = 119
 
 racc_token_table = {
   false => 0,
@@ -244,12 +266,13 @@ def unescape_css_string(str)
   :LSQUARE => 24,
   :RSQUARE => 25,
   :HAS => 26,
-  "." => 27,
-  "*" => 28,
-  "|" => 29,
-  ":" => 30 }
+  "@" => 27,
+  "." => 28,
+  "*" => 29,
+  "|" => 30,
+  ":" => 31 }
 
-racc_nt_base = 31
+racc_nt_base = 32
 
 racc_use_result_var = true
 
@@ -297,6 +320,7 @@ def unescape_css_string(str)
   "LSQUARE",
   "RSQUARE",
   "HAS",
+  "\"@\"",
   "\".\"",
   "\"*\"",
   "\"|\"",
@@ -307,6 +331,8 @@ def unescape_css_string(str)
   "prefixless_combinator_selector",
   "optional_S",
   "combinator",
+  "xpath_attribute_name",
+  "xpath_attribute",
   "simple_selector",
   "element_name",
   "hcap_0toN",
@@ -333,7 +359,7 @@ def unescape_css_string(str)
 # reduce 0 omitted
 
 def _reduce_1(val, _values, result)
-        result = [val.first, val.last].flatten
+      result = [val[0], val[2]].flatten
 
     result
 end
@@ -344,7 +370,7 @@ def _reduce_2(val, _values, result)
 end
 
 def _reduce_3(val, _values, result)
- result = [val.last].flatten
+ result = [val[1]].flatten
     result
 end
 
@@ -374,373 +400,366 @@ def _reduce_8(val, _values, result)
 end
 
 def _reduce_9(val, _values, result)
-        result =  if val[1].nil?
-                    val.first
-                  else
-                    Node.new(:CONDITIONAL_SELECTOR, [val.first, val[1]])
-                  end
-
+ result = val[1]
     result
 end
 
-# reduce 10 omitted
-
-def _reduce_11(val, _values, result)
-        result = Node.new(:CONDITIONAL_SELECTOR, val)
-
+def _reduce_10(val, _values, result)
+ result = Node.new(:ATTRIB_NAME, [val[0]])
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_12(val, _values, result)
-        result = Node.new(:CONDITIONAL_SELECTOR, val)
+def _reduce_11(val, _values, result)
+      result =  if val[1].nil?
+                  val[0]
+                else
+                  Node.new(:CONDITIONAL_SELECTOR, [val[0], val[1]])
+                end
 
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_13(val, _values, result)
-        result = Node.new(:CONDITIONAL_SELECTOR,
-          [Node.new(:ELEMENT_NAME, ['*']), val.first]
-        )
+# reduce 12 omitted
 
+def _reduce_13(val, _values, result)
+ result = Node.new(:CONDITIONAL_SELECTOR, val)
     result
 end
 
 def _reduce_14(val, _values, result)
-        result = Node.new(val.first, [nil, val.last])
-
+ result = Node.new(:CONDITIONAL_SELECTOR, val)
     result
 end
 
 def _reduce_15(val, _values, result)
-        result = Node.new(val[1], [val.first, val.last])
+ result = Node.new(:CONDITIONAL_SELECTOR, [Node.new(:ELEMENT_NAME, ['*']), val[0]])
+    result
+end
+
+# reduce 16 omitted
 
+def _reduce_17(val, _values, result)
+ result = Node.new(val[0], [nil, val[1]])
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_16(val, _values, result)
-        result = Node.new(:DESCENDANT_SELECTOR, [val.first, val.last])
+def _reduce_18(val, _values, result)
+ result = Node.new(val[1], [val[0], val[2]])
+    result
+end
 
+def _reduce_19(val, _values, result)
+ result = Node.new(:DESCENDANT_SELECTOR, [val[0], val[2]])
     result
 end
 
-# reduce 17 omitted
+# reduce 20 omitted
 
-def _reduce_18(val, _values, result)
+def _reduce_21(val, _values, result)
  result = Node.new(:CLASS_CONDITION, [unescape_css_identifier(val[1])])
     result
 end
 
-# reduce 19 omitted
+# reduce 22 omitted
 
-def _reduce_20(val, _values, result)
+def _reduce_23(val, _values, result)
  result = Node.new(:ELEMENT_NAME, val)
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_21(val, _values, result)
-        result = Node.new(:ELEMENT_NAME,
-          [[val.first, val.last].compact.join(':')]
-        )
-
+def _reduce_24(val, _values, result)
+ result = Node.new(:ELEMENT_NAME, [[val[0], val[2]].compact.join(':')])
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_22(val, _values, result)
-        name = @namespaces.key?('xmlns') ? "xmlns:#{val.first}" : val.first
-        result = Node.new(:ELEMENT_NAME, [name])
+def _reduce_25(val, _values, result)
+      name = @namespaces.key?('xmlns') ? "xmlns:#{val[0]}" : val[0]
+      result = Node.new(:ELEMENT_NAME, [name])
 
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_23(val, _values, result)
+def _reduce_26(val, _values, result)
  result = val[0]
     result
 end
 
-# reduce 24 omitted
+# reduce 27 omitted
 
-def _reduce_25(val, _values, result)
-        result = Node.new(:ATTRIBUTE_CONDITION,
-          [val[1]] + (val[2] || [])
-        )
+def _reduce_28(val, _values, result)
+      result = Node.new(:ATTRIBUTE_CONDITION, [val[1]] + (val[2] || []))
 
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_26(val, _values, result)
-        result = Node.new(:ATTRIBUTE_CONDITION,
-          [val[1]] + (val[2] || [])
-        )
+def _reduce_29(val, _values, result)
+      result = Node.new(:ATTRIBUTE_CONDITION, [val[1]] + (val[2] || []))
 
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_27(val, _values, result)
-        # non-standard, from hpricot
-        result = Node.new(:PSEUDO_CLASS,
-          [Node.new(:FUNCTION, ['nth-child(', val[1]])]
-        )
+def _reduce_30(val, _values, result)
+      result = Node.new(:PSEUDO_CLASS, [Node.new(:FUNCTION, ['nth-child(', val[1]])])
 
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_28(val, _values, result)
-        result = Node.new(:ELEMENT_NAME,
-          [[val.first, val.last].compact.join(':')]
-        )
+def _reduce_31(val, _values, result)
+ result = Node.new(:ATTRIB_NAME, [[val[0], val[2]].compact.join(':')])
+    result
+end
 
+def _reduce_32(val, _values, result)
+ result = Node.new(:ATTRIB_NAME, [val[0]])
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_29(val, _values, result)
-        # Default namespace is not applied to attributes.
-        # So we don't add prefix "xmlns:" as in namespaced_ident.
-        result = Node.new(:ELEMENT_NAME, [val.first])
+# reduce 33 omitted
+
+def _reduce_34(val, _values, result)
+      result = Node.new(:FUNCTION, [val[0].strip])
 
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_30(val, _values, result)
-        result = Node.new(:FUNCTION, [val.first.strip])
+def _reduce_35(val, _values, result)
+      result = Node.new(:FUNCTION, [val[0].strip, val[1]].flatten)
 
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_31(val, _values, result)
-        result = Node.new(:FUNCTION, [val.first.strip, val[1]].flatten)
+def _reduce_36(val, _values, result)
+      result = Node.new(:FUNCTION, [val[0].strip, val[1]].flatten)
 
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_32(val, _values, result)
-        result = Node.new(:FUNCTION, [val.first.strip, val[1]].flatten)
+def _reduce_37(val, _values, result)
+      result = Node.new(:FUNCTION, [val[0].strip, val[1]].flatten)
 
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_33(val, _values, result)
-        result = Node.new(:FUNCTION, [val.first.strip, val[1]].flatten)
+def _reduce_38(val, _values, result)
+      result = Node.new(:FUNCTION, [val[0].strip, val[1]].flatten)
 
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_34(val, _values, result)
-        result = Node.new(:FUNCTION, [val.first.strip, val[1]].flatten)
-
+def _reduce_39(val, _values, result)
+ result = [val[0], val[2]]
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_35(val, _values, result)
- result = [val.first, val.last]
+def _reduce_40(val, _values, result)
+ result = [val[0], val[2]]
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_36(val, _values, result)
- result = [val.first, val.last]
+def _reduce_41(val, _values, result)
+ result = [val[0], val[2]]
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_37(val, _values, result)
- result = [val.first, val.last]
+def _reduce_42(val, _values, result)
+ result = [val[0], val[2]]
     result
 end
 
-# reduce 38 omitted
+# reduce 43 omitted
 
-# reduce 39 omitted
+# reduce 44 omitted
 
-def _reduce_40(val, _values, result)
-        case val[0]
-        when 'even'
-          result = Node.new(:NTH, ['2','n','+','0'])
-        when 'odd'
-          result = Node.new(:NTH, ['2','n','+','1'])
-        when 'n'
-          result = Node.new(:NTH, ['1','n','+','0'])
-        else
-          # non-standard to support custom functions:
-          # assert_xpath("//a[foo(., @href)]", @parser.parse('a:foo(@href)'))
-          # assert_xpath("//a[foo(., @a, b)]", @parser.parse('a:foo(@a, b)'))
-          # assert_xpath("//a[foo(., a, 10)]", @parser.parse('a:foo(a, 10)'))
-          result = val
-        end
+def _reduce_45(val, _values, result)
+      case val[0]
+      when 'even'
+        result = Node.new(:NTH, ['2','n','+','0'])
+      when 'odd'
+        result = Node.new(:NTH, ['2','n','+','1'])
+      when 'n'
+        result = Node.new(:NTH, ['1','n','+','0'])
+      else
+        result = val
+      end
 
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_41(val, _values, result)
-        if val[1] == 'n'
-          result = Node.new(:NTH, val)
-        else
-          raise Racc::ParseError, "parse error on IDENT '#{val[1]}'"
-        end
+# reduce 46 omitted
+
+def _reduce_47(val, _values, result)
+      if val[1] == 'n'
+        result = Node.new(:NTH, val)
+      else
+        raise Racc::ParseError, "parse error on IDENT '#{val[1]}'"
+      end
 
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_42(val, _values, result)
+def _reduce_48(val, _values, result)
                # n+3, -n+3
-        if val[0] == 'n'
-          val.unshift("1")
-          result = Node.new(:NTH, val)
-        elsif val[0] == '-n'
-          val[0] = 'n'
-          val.unshift("-1")
-          result = Node.new(:NTH, val)
-        else
-          raise Racc::ParseError, "parse error on IDENT '#{val[1]}'"
-        end
+      if val[0] == 'n'
+        val.unshift("1")
+        result = Node.new(:NTH, val)
+      elsif val[0] == '-n'
+        val[0] = 'n'
+        val.unshift("-1")
+        result = Node.new(:NTH, val)
+      else
+        raise Racc::ParseError, "parse error on IDENT '#{val[1]}'"
+      end
 
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_43(val, _values, result)
+def _reduce_49(val, _values, result)
                     # 5n, -5n, 10n-1
-        n = val[1]
-        if n[0, 2] == 'n-'
-          val[1] = 'n'
-          val << "-"
-          # b is contained in n as n is the string "n-b"
-          val << n[2, n.size]
-          result = Node.new(:NTH, val)
-        elsif n == 'n'
-          val << "+"
-          val << "0"
-          result = Node.new(:NTH, val)
-        else
-          raise Racc::ParseError, "parse error on IDENT '#{val[1]}'"
-        end
+      n = val[1]
+      if n[0, 2] == 'n-'
+        val[1] = 'n'
+        val << "-"
+        # b is contained in n as n is the string "n-b"
+        val << n[2, n.size]
+        result = Node.new(:NTH, val)
+      elsif n == 'n'
+        val << "+"
+        val << "0"
+        result = Node.new(:NTH, val)
+      else
+        raise Racc::ParseError, "parse error on IDENT '#{val[1]}'"
+      end
 
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_44(val, _values, result)
-        result = Node.new(:PSEUDO_CLASS, [val[1]])
+def _reduce_50(val, _values, result)
+      result = Node.new(:PSEUDO_CLASS, [val[1]])
 
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_45(val, _values, result)
+def _reduce_51(val, _values, result)
  result = Node.new(:PSEUDO_CLASS, [val[1]])
     result
 end
 
-# reduce 46 omitted
+# reduce 52 omitted
 
-# reduce 47 omitted
+# reduce 53 omitted
 
-def _reduce_48(val, _values, result)
-        result = Node.new(:COMBINATOR, val)
+def _reduce_54(val, _values, result)
+      result = Node.new(:COMBINATOR, val)
 
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_49(val, _values, result)
-        result = Node.new(:COMBINATOR, val)
+def _reduce_55(val, _values, result)
+      result = Node.new(:COMBINATOR, val)
 
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_50(val, _values, result)
-        result = Node.new(:COMBINATOR, val)
+def _reduce_56(val, _values, result)
+      result = Node.new(:COMBINATOR, val)
 
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_51(val, _values, result)
-        result = Node.new(:COMBINATOR, val)
+def _reduce_57(val, _values, result)
+      result = Node.new(:COMBINATOR, val)
 
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_52(val, _values, result)
-        result = Node.new(:COMBINATOR, val)
+def _reduce_58(val, _values, result)
+      result = Node.new(:COMBINATOR, val)
 
     result
 end
 
-# reduce 53 omitted
+# reduce 59 omitted
 
-# reduce 54 omitted
+# reduce 60 omitted
 
-# reduce 55 omitted
+# reduce 61 omitted
 
-# reduce 56 omitted
+# reduce 62 omitted
 
-# reduce 57 omitted
+# reduce 63 omitted
 
-def _reduce_58(val, _values, result)
- result = Node.new(:ID, [unescape_css_identifier(val.first)])
+def _reduce_64(val, _values, result)
+ result = Node.new(:ID, [unescape_css_identifier(val[0])])
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_59(val, _values, result)
- result = [val.first, unescape_css_identifier(val[1])]
+def _reduce_65(val, _values, result)
+ result = [val[0], unescape_css_identifier(val[1])]
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_60(val, _values, result)
- result = [val.first, unescape_css_string(val[1])]
+def _reduce_66(val, _values, result)
+ result = [val[0], unescape_css_string(val[1])]
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_61(val, _values, result)
- result = [val.first, val[1]]
+def _reduce_67(val, _values, result)
+ result = [val[0], val[1]]
     result
 end
 
-# reduce 62 omitted
+# reduce 68 omitted
 
-def _reduce_63(val, _values, result)
+def _reduce_69(val, _values, result)
  result = :equal
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_64(val, _values, result)
+def _reduce_70(val, _values, result)
  result = :prefix_match
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_65(val, _values, result)
+def _reduce_71(val, _values, result)
  result = :suffix_match
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_66(val, _values, result)
+def _reduce_72(val, _values, result)
  result = :substring_match
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_67(val, _values, result)
+def _reduce_73(val, _values, result)
  result = :not_equal
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_68(val, _values, result)
+def _reduce_74(val, _values, result)
  result = :includes
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_69(val, _values, result)
+def _reduce_75(val, _values, result)
  result = :dash_match
     result
 end
 
-def _reduce_70(val, _values, result)
-        result = Node.new(:NOT, [val[1]])
+def _reduce_76(val, _values, result)
+      result = Node.new(:NOT, [val[1]])
 
     result
 end
 
-# reduce 71 omitted
+# reduce 77 omitted
 
-# reduce 72 omitted
+# reduce 78 omitted
 
-# reduce 73 omitted
+# reduce 79 omitted
 
-# reduce 74 omitted
+# reduce 80 omitted
 
-# reduce 75 omitted
+# reduce 81 omitted
 
 def _reduce_none(val, _values, result)
   val[0]
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/css/parser.y b/lib/nokogiri/css/parser.y
index 4ac8f9d69b..0431a479e8 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/css/parser.y
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/css/parser.y
@@ -5,255 +5,260 @@ token COMMA NUMBER PREFIXMATCH SUFFIXMATCH SUBSTRINGMATCH TILDE NOT_EQUAL
 token SLASH DOUBLESLASH NOT EQUAL RPAREN LSQUARE RSQUARE HAS
 
 rule
-  selector
-    : selector COMMA simple_selector_1toN {
-        result = [val.first, val.last].flatten
-      }
-    | prefixless_combinator_selector { result = val.flatten }
-    | optional_S simple_selector_1toN { result = [val.last].flatten }
-    ;
-  combinator
-    : PLUS { result = :DIRECT_ADJACENT_SELECTOR }
-    | GREATER { result = :CHILD_SELECTOR }
-    | TILDE { result = :FOLLOWING_SELECTOR }
-    | DOUBLESLASH { result = :DESCENDANT_SELECTOR }
-    | SLASH { result = :CHILD_SELECTOR }
-    ;
-  simple_selector
-    : element_name hcap_0toN {
-        result =  if val[1].nil?
-                    val.first
-                  else
-                    Node.new(:CONDITIONAL_SELECTOR, [val.first, val[1]])
-                  end
-      }
-    | function
-    | function pseudo {
-        result = Node.new(:CONDITIONAL_SELECTOR, val)
-      }
-    | function attrib {
-        result = Node.new(:CONDITIONAL_SELECTOR, val)
-      }
-    | hcap_1toN {
-        result = Node.new(:CONDITIONAL_SELECTOR,
-          [Node.new(:ELEMENT_NAME, ['*']), val.first]
-        )
-      }
-    ;
-  prefixless_combinator_selector
-    : combinator simple_selector_1toN {
-        result = Node.new(val.first, [nil, val.last])
-      }
-    ;
-  simple_selector_1toN
-    : simple_selector combinator simple_selector_1toN {
-        result = Node.new(val[1], [val.first, val.last])
-      }
-    | simple_selector S simple_selector_1toN {
-        result = Node.new(:DESCENDANT_SELECTOR, [val.first, val.last])
-      }
-    | simple_selector
-    ;
-  class
-    : '.' IDENT { result = Node.new(:CLASS_CONDITION, [unescape_css_identifier(val[1])]) }
-    ;
-  element_name
-    : namespaced_ident
-    | '*' { result = Node.new(:ELEMENT_NAME, val) }
-    ;
-  namespaced_ident
-    : namespace '|' IDENT {
-        result = Node.new(:ELEMENT_NAME,
-          [[val.first, val.last].compact.join(':')]
-        )
-      }
-    | IDENT {
-        name = @namespaces.key?('xmlns') ? "xmlns:#{val.first}" : val.first
-        result = Node.new(:ELEMENT_NAME, [name])
-      }
-    ;
-  namespace
-    : IDENT { result = val[0] }
-    |
-    ;
-  attrib
-    : LSQUARE attrib_name attrib_val_0or1 RSQUARE {
-        result = Node.new(:ATTRIBUTE_CONDITION,
-          [val[1]] + (val[2] || [])
-        )
-      }
-    | LSQUARE function attrib_val_0or1 RSQUARE {
-        result = Node.new(:ATTRIBUTE_CONDITION,
-          [val[1]] + (val[2] || [])
-        )
-      }
-    | LSQUARE NUMBER RSQUARE {
-        # non-standard, from hpricot
-        result = Node.new(:PSEUDO_CLASS,
-          [Node.new(:FUNCTION, ['nth-child(', val[1]])]
-        )
-      }
-    ;
-  attrib_name
-    : namespace '|' IDENT {
-        result = Node.new(:ELEMENT_NAME,
-          [[val.first, val.last].compact.join(':')]
-        )
-      }
-    | IDENT {
-        # Default namespace is not applied to attributes.
-        # So we don't add prefix "xmlns:" as in namespaced_ident.
-        result = Node.new(:ELEMENT_NAME, [val.first])
-      }
-    ;
-  function
-    : FUNCTION RPAREN {
-        result = Node.new(:FUNCTION, [val.first.strip])
-      }
-    | FUNCTION expr RPAREN {
-        result = Node.new(:FUNCTION, [val.first.strip, val[1]].flatten)
-      }
-    | FUNCTION nth RPAREN {
-        result = Node.new(:FUNCTION, [val.first.strip, val[1]].flatten)
-      }
-    | NOT expr RPAREN {
-        result = Node.new(:FUNCTION, [val.first.strip, val[1]].flatten)
-      }
-    | HAS selector RPAREN {
-        result = Node.new(:FUNCTION, [val.first.strip, val[1]].flatten)
-      }
-    ;
-  expr
-    : NUMBER COMMA expr { result = [val.first, val.last] }
-    | STRING COMMA expr { result = [val.first, val.last] }
-    | IDENT COMMA expr { result = [val.first, val.last] }
-    | NUMBER
-    | STRING
-    | IDENT                             # even, odd
-      {
-        case val[0]
-        when 'even'
-          result = Node.new(:NTH, ['2','n','+','0'])
-        when 'odd'
-          result = Node.new(:NTH, ['2','n','+','1'])
-        when 'n'
-          result = Node.new(:NTH, ['1','n','+','0'])
-        else
-          # non-standard to support custom functions:
-          # assert_xpath("//a[foo(., @href)]", @parser.parse('a:foo(@href)'))
-          # assert_xpath("//a[foo(., @a, b)]", @parser.parse('a:foo(@a, b)'))
-          # assert_xpath("//a[foo(., a, 10)]", @parser.parse('a:foo(a, 10)'))
-          result = val
-        end
-      }
-    ;
-  nth
-    : NUMBER IDENT PLUS NUMBER          # 5n+3 -5n+3
-      {
-        if val[1] == 'n'
-          result = Node.new(:NTH, val)
-        else
-          raise Racc::ParseError, "parse error on IDENT '#{val[1]}'"
-        end
-      }
-    | IDENT PLUS NUMBER {               # n+3, -n+3
-        if val[0] == 'n'
-          val.unshift("1")
-          result = Node.new(:NTH, val)
-        elsif val[0] == '-n'
-          val[0] = 'n'
-          val.unshift("-1")
-          result = Node.new(:NTH, val)
-        else
-          raise Racc::ParseError, "parse error on IDENT '#{val[1]}'"
-        end
-      }
-    | NUMBER IDENT {                    # 5n, -5n, 10n-1
-        n = val[1]
-        if n[0, 2] == 'n-'
-          val[1] = 'n'
-          val << "-"
-          # b is contained in n as n is the string "n-b"
-          val << n[2, n.size]
-          result = Node.new(:NTH, val)
-        elsif n == 'n'
-          val << "+"
-          val << "0"
-          result = Node.new(:NTH, val)
-        else
-          raise Racc::ParseError, "parse error on IDENT '#{val[1]}'"
-        end
-      }
-    ;
-  pseudo
-    : ':' function {
-        result = Node.new(:PSEUDO_CLASS, [val[1]])
-      }
-    | ':' IDENT { result = Node.new(:PSEUDO_CLASS, [val[1]]) }
-    ;
-  hcap_0toN
-    : hcap_1toN
-    |
-    ;
-  hcap_1toN
-    : attribute_id hcap_1toN {
-        result = Node.new(:COMBINATOR, val)
-      }
-    | class hcap_1toN {
-        result = Node.new(:COMBINATOR, val)
-      }
-    | attrib hcap_1toN {
-        result = Node.new(:COMBINATOR, val)
-      }
-    | pseudo hcap_1toN {
-        result = Node.new(:COMBINATOR, val)
-      }
-    | negation hcap_1toN {
-        result = Node.new(:COMBINATOR, val)
-      }
-    | attribute_id
-    | class
-    | attrib
-    | pseudo
-    | negation
-    ;
-  attribute_id
-    : HASH { result = Node.new(:ID, [unescape_css_identifier(val.first)]) }
-    ;
-  attrib_val_0or1
-    : eql_incl_dash IDENT { result = [val.first, unescape_css_identifier(val[1])] }
-    | eql_incl_dash STRING { result = [val.first, unescape_css_string(val[1])] }
-    | eql_incl_dash NUMBER { result = [val.first, val[1]] }
-    |
-    ;
-  eql_incl_dash
-    : EQUAL           { result = :equal }
-    | PREFIXMATCH     { result = :prefix_match }
-    | SUFFIXMATCH     { result = :suffix_match }
-    | SUBSTRINGMATCH  { result = :substring_match }
-    | NOT_EQUAL       { result = :not_equal }
-    | INCLUDES        { result = :includes }
-    | DASHMATCH       { result = :dash_match }
-    ;
-  negation
-    : NOT negation_arg RPAREN {
-        result = Node.new(:NOT, [val[1]])
-      }
-    ;
-  negation_arg
-    : element_name
-    | element_name hcap_1toN
-    | hcap_1toN
-    ;
-  optional_S
-    : S
-    |
-    ;
+  selector:
+    selector COMMA simple_selector_1toN {
+      result = [val[0], val[2]].flatten
+    }
+  | prefixless_combinator_selector { result = val.flatten }
+  | optional_S simple_selector_1toN { result = [val[1]].flatten }
+  ;
+
+  combinator:
+    PLUS { result = :DIRECT_ADJACENT_SELECTOR }
+  | GREATER { result = :CHILD_SELECTOR }
+  | TILDE { result = :FOLLOWING_SELECTOR }
+  | DOUBLESLASH { result = :DESCENDANT_SELECTOR }
+  | SLASH { result = :CHILD_SELECTOR }
+  ;
+
+  xpath_attribute_name:
+    '@' IDENT { result = val[1] }
+  ;
+
+  xpath_attribute:
+    xpath_attribute_name { result = Node.new(:ATTRIB_NAME, [val[0]]) }
+  ;
+
+  simple_selector:
+    element_name hcap_0toN {
+      result =  if val[1].nil?
+                  val[0]
+                else
+                  Node.new(:CONDITIONAL_SELECTOR, [val[0], val[1]])
+                end
+    }
+  | function
+  | function pseudo { result = Node.new(:CONDITIONAL_SELECTOR, val) }
+  | function attrib { result = Node.new(:CONDITIONAL_SELECTOR, val) }
+  | hcap_1toN { result = Node.new(:CONDITIONAL_SELECTOR, [Node.new(:ELEMENT_NAME, ['*']), val[0]]) }
+  | xpath_attribute
+  ;
+
+  prefixless_combinator_selector:
+    combinator simple_selector_1toN { result = Node.new(val[0], [nil, val[1]]) }
+  ;
+
+  simple_selector_1toN:
+    simple_selector combinator simple_selector_1toN { result = Node.new(val[1], [val[0], val[2]]) }
+  | simple_selector S simple_selector_1toN { result = Node.new(:DESCENDANT_SELECTOR, [val[0], val[2]]) }
+  | simple_selector
+  ;
+
+  class:
+    '.' IDENT { result = Node.new(:CLASS_CONDITION, [unescape_css_identifier(val[1])]) }
+  ;
+
+  element_name:
+    namespaced_ident
+  | '*' { result = Node.new(:ELEMENT_NAME, val) }
+  ;
+
+  namespaced_ident:
+    namespace '|' IDENT { result = Node.new(:ELEMENT_NAME, [[val[0], val[2]].compact.join(':')]) }
+  | IDENT {
+      name = @namespaces.key?('xmlns') ? "xmlns:#{val[0]}" : val[0]
+      result = Node.new(:ELEMENT_NAME, [name])
+    }
+  ;
+
+  namespace:
+    IDENT { result = val[0] }
+  |
+  ;
+
+  attrib:
+    LSQUARE attrib_name attrib_val_0or1 RSQUARE {
+      result = Node.new(:ATTRIBUTE_CONDITION, [val[1]] + (val[2] || []))
+    }
+  | LSQUARE function attrib_val_0or1 RSQUARE {
+      result = Node.new(:ATTRIBUTE_CONDITION, [val[1]] + (val[2] || []))
+    }
+  | LSQUARE NUMBER RSQUARE {
+      result = Node.new(:PSEUDO_CLASS, [Node.new(:FUNCTION, ['nth-child(', val[1]])])
+    }
+  ;
+
+  attrib_name:
+    namespace '|' IDENT { result = Node.new(:ATTRIB_NAME, [[val[0], val[2]].compact.join(':')]) }
+  | IDENT { result = Node.new(:ATTRIB_NAME, [val[0]]) }
+  | xpath_attribute
+  ;
+
+  function:
+    FUNCTION RPAREN {
+      result = Node.new(:FUNCTION, [val[0].strip])
+    }
+  | FUNCTION expr RPAREN {
+      result = Node.new(:FUNCTION, [val[0].strip, val[1]].flatten)
+    }
+  | FUNCTION nth RPAREN {
+      result = Node.new(:FUNCTION, [val[0].strip, val[1]].flatten)
+    }
+  | NOT expr RPAREN {
+      result = Node.new(:FUNCTION, [val[0].strip, val[1]].flatten)
+    }
+  | HAS selector RPAREN {
+      result = Node.new(:FUNCTION, [val[0].strip, val[1]].flatten)
+    }
+  ;
+
+  expr:
+    NUMBER COMMA expr { result = [val[0], val[2]] }
+  | STRING COMMA expr { result = [val[0], val[2]] }
+  | IDENT COMMA expr { result = [val[0], val[2]] }
+  | xpath_attribute COMMA expr { result = [val[0], val[2]] }
+  | NUMBER
+  | STRING
+  | IDENT {
+      case val[0]
+      when 'even'
+        result = Node.new(:NTH, ['2','n','+','0'])
+      when 'odd'
+        result = Node.new(:NTH, ['2','n','+','1'])
+      when 'n'
+        result = Node.new(:NTH, ['1','n','+','0'])
+      else
+        result = val
+      end
+    }
+  | xpath_attribute
+  ;
+
+  nth:
+    NUMBER IDENT PLUS NUMBER          # 5n+3 -5n+3
+    {
+      if val[1] == 'n'
+        result = Node.new(:NTH, val)
+      else
+        raise Racc::ParseError, "parse error on IDENT '#{val[1]}'"
+      end
+    }
+  | IDENT PLUS NUMBER {               # n+3, -n+3
+      if val[0] == 'n'
+        val.unshift("1")
+        result = Node.new(:NTH, val)
+      elsif val[0] == '-n'
+        val[0] = 'n'
+        val.unshift("-1")
+        result = Node.new(:NTH, val)
+      else
+        raise Racc::ParseError, "parse error on IDENT '#{val[1]}'"
+      end
+    }
+  | NUMBER IDENT {                    # 5n, -5n, 10n-1
+      n = val[1]
+      if n[0, 2] == 'n-'
+        val[1] = 'n'
+        val << "-"
+        # b is contained in n as n is the string "n-b"
+        val << n[2, n.size]
+        result = Node.new(:NTH, val)
+      elsif n == 'n'
+        val << "+"
+        val << "0"
+        result = Node.new(:NTH, val)
+      else
+        raise Racc::ParseError, "parse error on IDENT '#{val[1]}'"
+      end
+    }
+  ;
+
+  pseudo:
+    ':' function {
+      result = Node.new(:PSEUDO_CLASS, [val[1]])
+    }
+  | ':' IDENT { result = Node.new(:PSEUDO_CLASS, [val[1]]) }
+  ;
+
+  hcap_0toN:
+    hcap_1toN
+  |
+  ;
+
+  hcap_1toN:
+    attribute_id hcap_1toN {
+      result = Node.new(:COMBINATOR, val)
+    }
+  | class hcap_1toN {
+      result = Node.new(:COMBINATOR, val)
+    }
+  | attrib hcap_1toN {
+      result = Node.new(:COMBINATOR, val)
+    }
+  | pseudo hcap_1toN {
+      result = Node.new(:COMBINATOR, val)
+    }
+  | negation hcap_1toN {
+      result = Node.new(:COMBINATOR, val)
+    }
+  | attribute_id
+  | class
+  | attrib
+  | pseudo
+  | negation
+  ;
+
+  attribute_id:
+    HASH { result = Node.new(:ID, [unescape_css_identifier(val[0])]) }
+  ;
+
+  attrib_val_0or1:
+    eql_incl_dash IDENT { result = [val[0], unescape_css_identifier(val[1])] }
+  | eql_incl_dash STRING { result = [val[0], unescape_css_string(val[1])] }
+  | eql_incl_dash NUMBER { result = [val[0], val[1]] }
+  |
+  ;
+
+  eql_incl_dash:
+    EQUAL           { result = :equal }
+  | PREFIXMATCH     { result = :prefix_match }
+  | SUFFIXMATCH     { result = :suffix_match }
+  | SUBSTRINGMATCH  { result = :substring_match }
+  | NOT_EQUAL       { result = :not_equal }
+  | INCLUDES        { result = :includes }
+  | DASHMATCH       { result = :dash_match }
+  ;
+
+  negation:
+    NOT negation_arg RPAREN {
+      result = Node.new(:NOT, [val[1]])
+    }
+  ;
+
+  negation_arg:
+    element_name
+  | element_name hcap_1toN
+  | hcap_1toN
+  ;
+
+  optional_S:
+    S
+  |
+  ;
+
 end
 
 ---- header
 
-require 'nokogiri/css/parser_extras'
+require_relative "parser_extras"
+
+module Nokogiri
+  module CSS
+    # :nodoc: all
+    class Parser < Racc::Parser
+    end
+  end
+end
 
 ---- inner
 
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/css/parser_extras.rb b/lib/nokogiri/css/parser_extras.rb
index b83dfefb9a..6394a847a3 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/css/parser_extras.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/css/parser_extras.rb
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "thread"
 
 module Nokogiri
   module CSS
-    class Parser < Racc::Parser
+    class Parser < Racc::Parser # :nodoc:
       CACHE_SWITCH_NAME = :nokogiri_css_parser_cache_is_off
 
       @cache = {}
@@ -16,19 +17,21 @@ def cache_on?
         end
 
         # Set a thread-local boolean to turn cacheing on and off. Truthy values turn the cache on, falsey values turn the cache off.
-        def set_cache(value)
+        def set_cache(value) # rubocop:disable Naming/AccessorMethodName
           Thread.current[CACHE_SWITCH_NAME] = !value
         end
 
         # Get the css selector in +string+ from the cache
         def [](string)
-          return unless cache_on?
+          return nil unless cache_on?
+
           @mutex.synchronize { @cache[string] }
         end
 
         # Set the css selector in +string+ in the cache to +value+
         def []=(string, value)
           return value unless cache_on?
+
           @mutex.synchronize { @cache[string] = value }
         end
 
@@ -46,10 +49,10 @@ def clear_cache(create_new_object = false)
         # Execute +block+ without cache
         def without_cache(&block)
           original_cache_setting = cache_on?
-          set_cache false
-          block.call
+          set_cache(false)
+          yield
         ensure
-          set_cache original_cache_setting
+          set_cache(original_cache_setting)
         end
       end
 
@@ -61,7 +64,7 @@ def initialize(namespaces = {})
       end
 
       def parse(string)
-        @tokenizer.scan_setup string
+        @tokenizer.scan_setup(string)
         do_parse
       end
 
@@ -70,24 +73,23 @@ def next_token
       end
 
       # Get the xpath for +string+ using +options+
-      def xpath_for(string, options = {})
-        key = "#{string}#{options[:ns]}#{options[:prefix]}"
-        v = self.class[key]
-        return v if v
-
-        args = [
-          options[:prefix] || "//",
-          options[:visitor] || XPathVisitor.new,
-        ]
-        self.class[key] = parse(string).map { |ast|
-          ast.to_xpath(*args)
-        }
+      def xpath_for(string, prefix, visitor)
+        key = cache_key(string, prefix, visitor)
+        self.class[key] ||= parse(string).map do |ast|
+          ast.to_xpath(prefix, visitor)
+        end
       end
 
       # On CSS parser error, raise an exception
       def on_error(error_token_id, error_value, value_stack)
         after = value_stack.compact.last
-        raise SyntaxError.new("unexpected '#{error_value}' after '#{after}'")
+        raise SyntaxError, "unexpected '#{error_value}' after '#{after}'"
+      end
+
+      def cache_key(query, prefix, visitor)
+        if self.class.cache_on?
+          [query, prefix, @namespaces, visitor.config]
+        end
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/css/syntax_error.rb b/lib/nokogiri/css/syntax_error.rb
index db3e2e583e..f3c473b579 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/css/syntax_error.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/css/syntax_error.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-require 'nokogiri/syntax_error'
+
+require_relative "../syntax_error"
 module Nokogiri
   module CSS
     class SyntaxError < ::Nokogiri::SyntaxError
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/css/tokenizer.rb b/lib/nokogiri/css/tokenizer.rb
index 1aa9953b01..d2a5b2e7c5 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/css/tokenizer.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/css/tokenizer.rb
@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@
 
 module Nokogiri
 module CSS
-class Tokenizer # :nodoc:
+# :nodoc: all
+class Tokenizer
       require 'strscan'
 
       class ScanError < StandardError ; end
@@ -62,10 +63,10 @@ def _next_token
                   when (text = @ss.scan(/has\([\s]*/))
                      action { [:HAS, text] }
 
-                  when (text = @ss.scan(/[-@]?([_A-Za-z]|[^\0-\177]|\\[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,6}(\r\n|[\s])?|\\[^\n\r\f0-9A-Fa-f])([_A-Za-z0-9-]|[^\0-\177]|\\[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,6}(\r\n|[\s])?|\\[^\n\r\f0-9A-Fa-f])*\([\s]*/))
+                  when (text = @ss.scan(/-?([_A-Za-z]|[^\0-\177]|\\[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,6}(\r\n|[\s])?|\\[^\n\r\f0-9A-Fa-f])([_A-Za-z0-9-]|[^\0-\177]|\\[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,6}(\r\n|[\s])?|\\[^\n\r\f0-9A-Fa-f])*\([\s]*/))
                      action { [:FUNCTION, text] }
 
-                  when (text = @ss.scan(/[-@]?([_A-Za-z]|[^\0-\177]|\\[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,6}(\r\n|[\s])?|\\[^\n\r\f0-9A-Fa-f])([_A-Za-z0-9-]|[^\0-\177]|\\[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,6}(\r\n|[\s])?|\\[^\n\r\f0-9A-Fa-f])*/))
+                  when (text = @ss.scan(/-?([_A-Za-z]|[^\0-\177]|\\[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,6}(\r\n|[\s])?|\\[^\n\r\f0-9A-Fa-f])([_A-Za-z0-9-]|[^\0-\177]|\\[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,6}(\r\n|[\s])?|\\[^\n\r\f0-9A-Fa-f])*/))
                      action { [:IDENT, text] }
 
                   when (text = @ss.scan(/\#([_A-Za-z0-9-]|[^\0-\177]|\\[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,6}(\r\n|[\s])?|\\[^\n\r\f0-9A-Fa-f])+/))
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/css/tokenizer.rex b/lib/nokogiri/css/tokenizer.rex
index a29c2e4255..10fdf76cca 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/css/tokenizer.rex
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/css/tokenizer.rex
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 module Nokogiri
 module CSS
-class Tokenizer # :nodoc:
+# :nodoc: all
+class Tokenizer
 
 macro
   nl        \n|\r\n|\r|\f
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ macro
   escape    {unicode}|\\[^\n\r\f0-9A-Fa-f]
   nmchar    [_A-Za-z0-9-]|{nonascii}|{escape}
   nmstart   [_A-Za-z]|{nonascii}|{escape}
-  ident     [-@]?({nmstart})({nmchar})*
+  ident     -?({nmstart})({nmchar})*
   name      ({nmchar})+
   string1   "([^\n\r\f"]|{nl}|{nonascii}|{escape})*(?<!\\)(?:\\{2})*"
   string2   '([^\n\r\f']|{nl}|{nonascii}|{escape})*(?<!\\)(?:\\{2})*'
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/css/xpath_visitor.rb b/lib/nokogiri/css/xpath_visitor.rb
index 3adee29b2f..2a7ab074db 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/css/xpath_visitor.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/css/xpath_visitor.rb
@@ -1,42 +1,116 @@
+# coding: utf-8
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module CSS
-    class XPathVisitor # :nodoc:
-      def visit_function node
-        msg = :"visit_function_#{node.value.first.gsub(/[(]/, '')}"
-        return self.send(msg, node) if self.respond_to?(msg)
+    # When translating CSS selectors to XPath queries with Nokogiri::CSS.xpath_for, the XPathVisitor
+    # class allows for changing some of the behaviors related to builtin xpath functions and quirks
+    # of HTML5.
+    class XPathVisitor
+      WILDCARD_NAMESPACES = Nokogiri.libxml2_patches.include?("0009-allow-wildcard-namespaces.patch") # :nodoc:
+
+      # Enum to direct XPathVisitor when to use Nokogiri builtin XPath functions.
+      module BuiltinsConfig
+        # Never use Nokogiri builtin functions, always generate vanilla XPath 1.0 queries. This is
+        # the default when calling Nokogiri::CSS.xpath_for directly.
+        NEVER = :never
+
+        # Always use Nokogiri builtin functions whenever possible. This is probably only useful for testing.
+        ALWAYS = :always
+
+        # Only use Nokogiri builtin functions when they will be faster than vanilla XPath. This is
+        # the behavior chosen when searching for CSS selectors on a Nokogiri document, fragment, or
+        # node.
+        OPTIMAL = :optimal
+
+        # :nodoc: array of values for validation
+        VALUES = [NEVER, ALWAYS, OPTIMAL]
+      end
+
+      # Enum to direct XPathVisitor when to tweak the XPath query to suit the nature of the document
+      # being searched. Note that searches for CSS selectors from a Nokogiri document, fragment, or
+      # node will choose the correct option automatically.
+      module DoctypeConfig
+        # The document being searched is an XML document. This is the default.
+        XML = :xml
+
+        # The document being searched is an HTML4 document.
+        HTML4 = :html4
+
+        # The document being searched is an HTML5 document.
+        HTML5 = :html5
+
+        # :nodoc: array of values for validation
+        VALUES = [XML, HTML4, HTML5]
+      end
+
+      # :call-seq:
+      #   new() → XPathVisitor
+      #   new(builtins:, doctype:) → XPathVisitor
+      #
+      # [Parameters]
+      # - +builtins:+ (BuiltinsConfig) Determine when to use Nokogiri's built-in xpath functions for performance improvements.
+      # - +doctype:+ (DoctypeConfig) Make document-type-specific accommodations for CSS queries.
+      #
+      # [Returns] XPathVisitor
+      #
+      def initialize(builtins: BuiltinsConfig::NEVER, doctype: DoctypeConfig::XML)
+        unless BuiltinsConfig::VALUES.include?(builtins)
+          raise(ArgumentError, "Invalid values #{builtins.inspect} for builtins: keyword parameter")
+        end
+        unless DoctypeConfig::VALUES.include?(doctype)
+          raise(ArgumentError, "Invalid values #{doctype.inspect} for doctype: keyword parameter")
+        end
+
+        @builtins = builtins
+        @doctype = doctype
+      end
+
+      # :call-seq: config() → Hash
+      #
+      # [Returns]
+      #   a Hash representing the configuration of the XPathVisitor, suitable for use as
+      #   part of the CSS cache key.
+      def config
+        { builtins: @builtins, doctype: @doctype }
+      end
+
+      # :stopdoc:
+      def visit_function(node)
+        msg = :"visit_function_#{node.value.first.gsub(/[(]/, "")}"
+        return send(msg, node) if respond_to?(msg)
 
         case node.value.first
         when /^text\(/
-          'child::text()'
+          "child::text()"
         when /^self\(/
           "self::#{node.value[1]}"
         when /^eq\(/
           "position()=#{node.value[1]}"
         when /^(nth|nth-of-type)\(/
-          if node.value[1].is_a?(Nokogiri::CSS::Node) and node.value[1].type == :NTH
+          if node.value[1].is_a?(Nokogiri::CSS::Node) && (node.value[1].type == :NTH)
             nth(node.value[1])
           else
             "position()=#{node.value[1]}"
           end
         when /^nth-child\(/
-          if node.value[1].is_a?(Nokogiri::CSS::Node) and node.value[1].type == :NTH
-            nth(node.value[1], :child => true)
+          if node.value[1].is_a?(Nokogiri::CSS::Node) && (node.value[1].type == :NTH)
+            nth(node.value[1], child: true)
           else
-            "count(preceding-sibling::*)=#{node.value[1].to_i-1}"
+            "count(preceding-sibling::*)=#{node.value[1].to_i - 1}"
           end
         when /^nth-last-of-type\(/
-          if node.value[1].is_a?(Nokogiri::CSS::Node) and node.value[1].type == :NTH
-            nth(node.value[1], :last => true)
+          if node.value[1].is_a?(Nokogiri::CSS::Node) && (node.value[1].type == :NTH)
+            nth(node.value[1], last: true)
           else
             index = node.value[1].to_i - 1
             index == 0 ? "position()=last()" : "position()=last()-#{index}"
           end
         when /^nth-last-child\(/
-          if node.value[1].is_a?(Nokogiri::CSS::Node) and node.value[1].type == :NTH
-            nth(node.value[1], :last => true, :child => true)
+          if node.value[1].is_a?(Nokogiri::CSS::Node) && (node.value[1].type == :NTH)
+            nth(node.value[1], last: true, child: true)
           else
-            "count(following-sibling::*)=#{node.value[1].to_i-1}"
+            "count(following-sibling::*)=#{node.value[1].to_i - 1}"
           end
         when /^(first|first-of-type)\(/
           "position()=1"
@@ -52,15 +126,18 @@ def visit_function node
           "comment()"
         when /^has\(/
           is_direct = node.value[1].value[0].nil? # e.g. "has(> a)", "has(~ a)", "has(+ a)"
-          ".#{"//" if !is_direct}#{node.value[1].accept(self)}"
+          ".#{"//" unless is_direct}#{node.value[1].accept(self)}"
         else
-          # non-standard. this looks like a function call.
-          args = ['.'] + node.value[1..-1]
-          "#{node.value.first}#{args.join(',')})"
+          # xpath function call, let's marshal those arguments
+          args = ["."]
+          args += node.value[1..-1].map do |n|
+            n.is_a?(Nokogiri::CSS::Node) ? n.accept(self) : n
+          end
+          "#{node.value.first}#{args.join(",")})"
         end
       end
 
-      def visit_not node
+      def visit_not(node)
         child = node.value.first
         if :ELEMENT_NAME == child.type
           "not(self::#{child.accept(self)})"
@@ -69,29 +146,20 @@ def visit_not node
         end
       end
 
-      def visit_id node
+      def visit_id(node)
         node.value.first =~ /^#(.*)$/
-        "@id='#{$1}'"
+        "@id='#{Regexp.last_match(1)}'"
       end
 
-      def visit_attribute_condition node
-        attribute = if (node.value.first.type == :FUNCTION) or (node.value.first.value.first =~ /::/)
-                      ''
-                    else
-                      '@'
-                    end
-        attribute += node.value.first.accept(self)
-
-        # non-standard. attributes starting with '@'
-        attribute.gsub!(/^@@/, '@')
-
-        return attribute unless node.value.length == 3
+      def visit_attribute_condition(node)
+        attribute = node.value.first.accept(self)
+        return attribute if node.value.length == 1
 
         value = node.value.last
-        value = "'#{value}'" if value !~ /^['"]/
+        value = "'#{value}'" unless /^['"]/.match?(value)
 
         # quoted values - see test_attribute_value_with_quotes in test/css/test_parser.rb
-        if (value[0]==value[-1]) && %q{"'}.include?(value[0])
+        if (value[0] == value[-1]) && %q{"'}.include?(value[0])
           str_value = value[1..-2]
           if str_value.include?(value[0])
             value = 'concat("' + str_value.split('"', -1).join(%q{",'"',"}) + '","")'
@@ -100,9 +168,9 @@ def visit_attribute_condition node
 
         case node.value[1]
         when :equal
-          attribute + "=" + "#{value}"
+          attribute + "=" + value.to_s
         when :not_equal
-          attribute + "!=" + "#{value}"
+          attribute + "!=" + value.to_s
         when :substring_match
           "contains(#{attribute},#{value})"
         when :prefix_match
@@ -115,16 +183,16 @@ def visit_attribute_condition node
         when :suffix_match
           "substring(#{attribute},string-length(#{attribute})-string-length(#{value})+1,string-length(#{value}))=#{value}"
         else
-          attribute + " #{node.value[1]} " + "#{value}"
+          attribute + " #{node.value[1]} " + value.to_s
         end
       end
 
-      def visit_pseudo_class node
-        if node.value.first.is_a?(Nokogiri::CSS::Node) and node.value.first.type == :FUNCTION
+      def visit_pseudo_class(node)
+        if node.value.first.is_a?(Nokogiri::CSS::Node) && (node.value.first.type == :FUNCTION)
           node.value.first.accept(self)
         else
-          msg = :"visit_pseudo_class_#{node.value.first.gsub(/[(]/, '')}"
-          return self.send(msg, node) if self.respond_to?(msg)
+          msg = :"visit_pseudo_class_#{node.value.first.gsub(/[(]/, "")}"
+          return send(msg, node) if respond_to?(msg)
 
           case node.value.first
           when "first" then "position()=1"
@@ -144,24 +212,24 @@ def visit_pseudo_class node
         end
       end
 
-      def visit_class_condition node
+      def visit_class_condition(node)
         css_class("@class", node.value.first)
       end
 
-      def visit_combinator node
+      def visit_combinator(node)
         if is_of_type_pseudo_class?(node.value.last)
-          "#{node.value.first.accept(self) if node.value.first}][#{node.value.last.accept(self)}"
+          "#{node.value.first&.accept(self)}][#{node.value.last.accept(self)}"
         else
-          "#{node.value.first.accept(self) if node.value.first} and #{node.value.last.accept(self)}"
+          "#{node.value.first&.accept(self)} and #{node.value.last.accept(self)}"
         end
       end
 
       {
-        'direct_adjacent_selector'  => "/following-sibling::*[1]/self::",
-        'following_selector'        => "/following-sibling::",
-        'descendant_selector'       => '//',
-        'child_selector'            => '/',
-      }.each do |k,v|
+        "direct_adjacent_selector" => "/following-sibling::*[1]/self::",
+        "following_selector" => "/following-sibling::",
+        "descendant_selector" => "//",
+        "child_selector" => "/",
+      }.each do |k, v|
         class_eval %{
           def visit_#{k} node
             "\#{node.value.first.accept(self) if node.value.first}#{v}\#{node.value.last.accept(self)}"
@@ -169,25 +237,50 @@ def visit_#{k} node
         }
       end
 
-      def visit_conditional_selector node
-        node.value.first.accept(self) + '[' +
-        node.value.last.accept(self) + ']'
+      def visit_conditional_selector(node)
+        node.value.first.accept(self) + "[" +
+          node.value.last.accept(self) + "]"
+      end
+
+      def visit_element_name(node)
+        if @doctype == DoctypeConfig::HTML5 && html5_element_name_needs_namespace_handling(node)
+          # HTML5 has namespaces that should be ignored in CSS queries
+          # https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2376
+          if @builtins == BuiltinsConfig::ALWAYS || (@builtins == BuiltinsConfig::OPTIMAL && Nokogiri.uses_libxml?)
+            if WILDCARD_NAMESPACES
+              "*:#{node.value.first}"
+            else
+              "*[nokogiri-builtin:local-name-is('#{node.value.first}')]"
+            end
+          else
+            "*[local-name()='#{node.value.first}']"
+          end
+        else
+          node.value.first
+        end
       end
 
-      def visit_element_name node
-        node.value.first
+      def visit_attrib_name(node)
+        "@#{node.value.first}"
       end
 
-      def accept node
+      def accept(node)
         node.accept(self)
       end
 
       private
 
-      def nth node, options={}
+      def html5_element_name_needs_namespace_handling(node)
+        # if this is the wildcard selector "*", use it as normal
+        node.value.first != "*" &&
+          # if there is already a namespace (i.e., it is a prefixed QName), use it as normal
+          !node.value.first.include?(":")
+      end
+
+      def nth(node, options = {})
         raise ArgumentError, "expected an+b node to contain 4 tokens, but is #{node.value.inspect}" unless node.value.size == 4
 
-        a, b = read_a_and_positive_b node.value
+        a, b = read_a_and_positive_b(node.value)
         position = if options[:child]
           options[:last] ? "(count(following-sibling::*)+1)" : "(count(preceding-sibling::*)+1)"
         else
@@ -206,7 +299,7 @@ def nth node, options={}
         end
       end
 
-      def read_a_and_positive_b values
+      def read_a_and_positive_b(values)
         op = values[2]
         if op == "+"
           a = values[0].to_i
@@ -220,9 +313,9 @@ def read_a_and_positive_b values
         [a, b]
       end
 
-      def is_of_type_pseudo_class? node
-        if node.type==:PSEUDO_CLASS
-          if node.value[0].is_a?(Nokogiri::CSS::Node) and node.value[0].type == :FUNCTION
+      def is_of_type_pseudo_class?(node) # rubocop:disable Naming/PredicateName
+        if node.type == :PSEUDO_CLASS
+          if node.value[0].is_a?(Nokogiri::CSS::Node) && (node.value[0].type == :FUNCTION)
             node.value[0].value[0]
           else
             node.value[0]
@@ -230,30 +323,34 @@ def is_of_type_pseudo_class? node
         end
       end
 
-      # use only ordinary xpath functions
-      def css_class_standard(hay, needle)
-        "contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(#{hay}),' '),' #{needle} ')"
-      end
-
-      # use the builtin implementation
-      def css_class_builtin(hay, needle)
-        "nokogiri-builtin:css-class(#{hay},'#{needle}')"
+      def css_class(hay, needle)
+        if @builtins == BuiltinsConfig::ALWAYS || (@builtins == BuiltinsConfig::OPTIMAL && Nokogiri.uses_libxml?)
+          # use the builtin implementation
+          "nokogiri-builtin:css-class(#{hay},'#{needle}')"
+        else
+          # use only ordinary xpath functions
+          "contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(#{hay}),' '),' #{needle} ')"
+        end
       end
-
-      alias_method :css_class, :css_class_standard
     end
 
-    class XPathVisitorAlwaysUseBuiltins < XPathVisitor # :nodoc:
-      private
-      alias_method :css_class, :css_class_builtin
+    module XPathVisitorAlwaysUseBuiltins # :nodoc:
+      def self.new
+        warn(
+          "Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitorAlwaysUseBuiltins is deprecated and will be removed in a future version of Nokogiri",
+          { uplevel: 1 },
+        )
+        XPathVisitor.new(builtins: :always)
+      end
     end
 
-    class XPathVisitorOptimallyUseBuiltins < XPathVisitor # :nodoc:
-      private
-      if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
-        alias_method :css_class, :css_class_builtin
-      else
-        alias_method :css_class, :css_class_standard
+    module XPathVisitorOptimallyUseBuiltins # :nodoc:
+      def self.new
+        warn(
+          "Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitorOptimallyUseBuiltins is deprecated and will be removed in a future version of Nokogiri",
+          { uplevel: 1 },
+        )
+        XPathVisitor.new(builtins: :optimal)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/decorators/slop.rb b/lib/nokogiri/decorators/slop.rb
index 7c848dee8f..62fc5149fe 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/decorators/slop.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/decorators/slop.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module Decorators
     ###
@@ -10,21 +11,21 @@ module Slop
 
       ###
       # look for node with +name+.  See Nokogiri.Slop
-      def method_missing name, *args, &block
+      def method_missing(name, *args, &block)
         if args.empty?
-          list = xpath("#{XPATH_PREFIX}#{name.to_s.sub(/^_/, '')}")
-        elsif args.first.is_a? Hash
+          list = xpath("#{XPATH_PREFIX}#{name.to_s.sub(/^_/, "")}")
+        elsif args.first.is_a?(Hash)
           hash = args.first
           if hash[:css]
             list = css("#{name}#{hash[:css]}")
           elsif hash[:xpath]
-            conds = Array(hash[:xpath]).join(' and ')
+            conds = Array(hash[:xpath]).join(" and ")
             list = xpath("#{XPATH_PREFIX}#{name}[#{conds}]")
           end
         else
           CSS::Parser.without_cache do
             list = xpath(
-              *CSS.xpath_for("#{name}#{args.first}", :prefix => XPATH_PREFIX)
+              *CSS.xpath_for("#{name}#{args.first}", prefix: XPATH_PREFIX)
             )
           end
         end
@@ -33,8 +34,8 @@ def method_missing name, *args, &block
         list.length == 1 ? list.first : list
       end
 
-      def respond_to_missing? name, include_private = false
-        list = xpath("#{XPATH_PREFIX}#{name.to_s.sub(/^_/, '')}")
+      def respond_to_missing?(name, include_private = false)
+        list = xpath("#{XPATH_PREFIX}#{name.to_s.sub(/^_/, "")}")
 
         !list.empty?
       end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/extension.rb b/lib/nokogiri/extension.rb
index b7de485bb5..f7675506c1 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/extension.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/extension.rb
@@ -2,10 +2,11 @@
 
 # load the C or Java extension
 begin
+  # native precompiled gems package shared libraries in <gem_dir>/lib/nokogiri/<ruby_version>
   ::RUBY_VERSION =~ /(\d+\.\d+)/
-  require "nokogiri/#{Regexp.last_match(1)}/nokogiri"
+  require_relative "#{Regexp.last_match(1)}/nokogiri"
 rescue LoadError => e
-  if e.message =~ /GLIBC/
+  if /GLIBC/.match?(e.message)
     warn(<<~EOM)
 
       ERROR: It looks like you're trying to use Nokogiri as a precompiled native gem on a system with glibc < 2.17:
@@ -22,5 +23,9 @@
     EOM
     raise e
   end
-  require 'nokogiri/nokogiri'
+
+  # use "require" instead of "require_relative" because non-native gems will place C extension files
+  # in Gem::BasicSpecification#extension_dir after compilation (during normal installation), which
+  # is in $LOAD_PATH but not necessarily relative to this file (see #2300)
+  require "nokogiri/nokogiri"
 end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/gumbo.rb b/lib/nokogiri/gumbo.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9e3fdcd0e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/gumbo.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Nokogiri
+  module Gumbo
+    # The default maximum number of attributes per element.
+    DEFAULT_MAX_ATTRIBUTES = 400
+
+    # The default maximum number of errors for parsing a document or a fragment.
+    DEFAULT_MAX_ERRORS = 0
+
+    # The default maximum depth of the DOM tree produced by parsing a document
+    # or fragment.
+    DEFAULT_MAX_TREE_DEPTH = 400
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/html.rb b/lib/nokogiri/html.rb
index 21ce61a8dd..d19b8b1ff5 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/html.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/html.rb
@@ -1,38 +1,48 @@
+# coding: utf-8
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-require 'nokogiri/html/entity_lookup'
-require 'nokogiri/html/document'
-require 'nokogiri/html/document_fragment'
-require 'nokogiri/html/sax/parser_context'
-require 'nokogiri/html/sax/parser'
-require 'nokogiri/html/sax/push_parser'
-require 'nokogiri/html/element_description'
-require 'nokogiri/html/element_description_defaults'
+
+require_relative "html4"
 
 module Nokogiri
-  class << self
-    ###
-    # Parse HTML.  Convenience method for Nokogiri::HTML::Document.parse
-    def HTML thing, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_HTML, &block
-      Nokogiri::HTML::Document.parse(thing, url, encoding, options, &block)
-    end
-  end
+  # Alias for Nokogiri::HTML4
+  HTML = Nokogiri::HTML4
+
+  # :singleton-method: HTML
+  # :call-seq: HTML(input, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_HTML, &block) → Nokogiri::HTML4::Document
+  #
+  # Parse HTML. Convenience method for Nokogiri::HTML4::Document.parse
 
+  # :nodoc:
+  define_singleton_method(:HTML, Nokogiri.method(:HTML4))
+
+  # 💡 This module/namespace is an alias for Nokogiri::HTML4 as of v1.12.0. Before v1.12.0,
+  #   Nokogiri::HTML4 did not exist, and this was the module/namespace for all HTML-related
+  #   classes.
   module HTML
-    class << self
-      ###
-      # Parse HTML.  Convenience method for Nokogiri::HTML::Document.parse
-      def parse thing, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_HTML, &block
-        Document.parse(thing, url, encoding, options, &block)
+    # 💡 This class is an alias for Nokogiri::HTML4::Document as of v1.12.0.
+    class Document < Nokogiri::XML::Document
+    end
+
+    # 💡 This class is an alias for Nokogiri::HTML4::DocumentFragment as of v1.12.0.
+    class DocumentFragment < Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment
+    end
+
+    # 💡 This class is an alias for Nokogiri::HTML4::Builder as of v1.12.0.
+    class Builder < Nokogiri::XML::Builder
+    end
+
+    module SAX
+      # 💡 This class is an alias for Nokogiri::HTML4::SAX::Parser as of v1.12.0.
+      class Parser < Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser
       end
 
-      ####
-      # Parse a fragment from +string+ in to a NodeSet.
-      def fragment string, encoding = nil
-        HTML::DocumentFragment.parse string, encoding
+      # 💡 This class is an alias for Nokogiri::HTML4::SAX::ParserContext as of v1.12.0.
+      class ParserContext < Nokogiri::XML::SAX::ParserContext
       end
-    end
 
-    # Instance of Nokogiri::HTML::EntityLookup
-    NamedCharacters = EntityLookup.new
+      # 💡 This class is an alias for Nokogiri::HTML4::SAX::PushParser as of v1.12.0.
+      class PushParser
+      end
+    end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/html/element_description_defaults.rb b/lib/nokogiri/html/element_description_defaults.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6763cd496e..0000000000
--- a/lib/nokogiri/html/element_description_defaults.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,672 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-module Nokogiri
-  module HTML
-    class ElementDescription
-
-      # Methods are defined protected by method_defined? because at
-      # this point the C-library or Java library is already loaded,
-      # and we don't want to clobber any methods that have been
-      # defined there.
-
-      Desc = Struct.new("HTMLElementDescription", :name,
-                        :startTag, :endTag, :saveEndTag,
-                        :empty, :depr, :dtd, :isinline,
-                        :desc,
-                        :subelts, :defaultsubelt,
-                        :attrs_opt, :attrs_depr, :attrs_req)
-
-      # This is filled in down below.
-      DefaultDescriptions = Hash.new()
-
-      def default_desc
-        DefaultDescriptions[name.downcase]
-      end
-      private :default_desc
-
-      unless method_defined? :implied_start_tag?
-        def implied_start_tag?
-          d = default_desc
-          d ? d.startTag : nil
-        end
-      end
-
-      unless method_defined? :implied_end_tag?
-        def implied_end_tag?
-          d = default_desc
-          d ? d.endTag : nil
-        end
-      end
-
-      unless method_defined? :save_end_tag?
-        def save_end_tag?
-          d = default_desc
-          d ? d.saveEndTag : nil
-        end
-      end
-
-      unless method_defined? :deprecated?
-        def deprecated?
-          d = default_desc
-          d ? d.depr : nil
-        end
-      end
-
-      unless method_defined? :description
-        def description
-          d = default_desc
-          d ? d.desc : nil
-        end
-      end
-
-      unless method_defined? :default_sub_element
-        def default_sub_element
-          d = default_desc
-          d ? d.defaultsubelt : nil
-        end
-      end
-
-      unless method_defined? :optional_attributes
-        def optional_attributes
-          d = default_desc
-          d ? d.attrs_opt : []
-        end
-      end
-
-      unless method_defined? :deprecated_attributes
-        def deprecated_attributes
-          d = default_desc
-          d ? d.attrs_depr : []
-        end
-      end
-
-      unless method_defined? :required_attributes
-        def required_attributes
-          d = default_desc
-          d ? d.attrs_req : []
-        end
-      end
-
-      ###
-      # Default Element Descriptions (HTML 4.0) copied from
-      # libxml2/HTMLparser.c and libxml2/include/libxml/HTMLparser.h
-      #
-      # The copyright notice for those files and the following list of
-      # element and attribute descriptions is reproduced here:
-      #
-      # Except where otherwise noted in the source code (e.g. the
-      # files hash.c, list.c and the trio files, which are covered by
-      # a similar licence but with different Copyright notices) all
-      # the files are:
-      #
-      #  Copyright (C) 1998-2003 Daniel Veillard.  All Rights Reserved.
-      #
-      # Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
-      # obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
-      # files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
-      # restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,
-      # copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-      # sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
-      # Software is fur- nished to do so, subject to the following
-      # conditions:
-
-      # The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
-      # included in all copies or substantial portions of the
-      # Software.
-
-      # THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY
-      # KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE
-      # WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FIT- NESS FOR A PARTICULAR
-      # PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE DANIEL
-      # VEILLARD BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
-      # WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-      # FROM, OUT OF OR IN CON- NECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE
-      # OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
-
-      # Except as contained in this notice, the name of Daniel
-      # Veillard shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to
-      # promote the sale, use or other deal- ings in this Software
-      # without prior written authorization from him.
-
-      # Attributes defined and categorized
-      FONTSTYLE = ["tt", "i", "b", "u", "s", "strike", "big", "small"]
-      PHRASE = ['em', 'strong', 'dfn', 'code', 'samp',
-                'kbd', 'var', 'cite', 'abbr', 'acronym']
-      SPECIAL = ['a', 'img', 'applet', 'embed', 'object', 'font','basefont',
-                 'br', 'script', 'map', 'q', 'sub', 'sup', 'span', 'bdo',
-                 'iframe']
-      PCDATA = []
-      HEADING = ['h1', 'h2', 'h3', 'h4', 'h5', 'h6']
-      LIST = ['ul', 'ol', 'dir', 'menu']
-      FORMCTRL = ['input', 'select', 'textarea', 'label', 'button']
-      BLOCK = [HEADING, LIST, 'pre', 'p', 'dl', 'div', 'center', 'noscript',
-               'noframes', 'blockquote', 'form', 'isindex', 'hr', 'table',
-               'fieldset', 'address']
-      INLINE = [PCDATA, FONTSTYLE, PHRASE, SPECIAL, FORMCTRL]
-      FLOW = [BLOCK, INLINE]
-      MODIFIER = []
-      EMPTY = []
-
-      HTML_FLOW = FLOW
-      HTML_INLINE = INLINE
-      HTML_PCDATA = PCDATA
-      HTML_CDATA = HTML_PCDATA
-
-      COREATTRS = ['id', 'class', 'style', 'title']
-      I18N = ['lang', 'dir']
-      EVENTS = ['onclick', 'ondblclick', 'onmousedown', 'onmouseup',
-                'onmouseover', 'onmouseout', 'onkeypress', 'onkeydown',
-                'onkeyup']
-      ATTRS = [COREATTRS, I18N,EVENTS]
-      CELLHALIGN = ['align', 'char', 'charoff']
-      CELLVALIGN = ['valign']
-
-      HTML_ATTRS = ATTRS
-      CORE_I18N_ATTRS = [COREATTRS, I18N]
-      CORE_ATTRS = COREATTRS
-      I18N_ATTRS = I18N
-
-
-      A_ATTRS = [ATTRS, 'charset', 'type', 'name',
-                 'href', 'hreflang', 'rel', 'rev', 'accesskey', 'shape',
-                 'coords', 'tabindex', 'onfocus', 'onblur']
-      TARGET_ATTR = ['target']
-      ROWS_COLS_ATTR = ['rows', 'cols']
-      ALT_ATTR = ['alt']
-      SRC_ALT_ATTRS = ['src', 'alt']
-      HREF_ATTRS = ['href']
-      CLEAR_ATTRS = ['clear']
-      INLINE_P = [INLINE, 'p']
-
-      FLOW_PARAM = [FLOW, 'param']
-      APPLET_ATTRS = [COREATTRS , 'codebase',
-                      'archive', 'alt', 'name', 'height', 'width', 'align',
-                      'hspace', 'vspace']
-      AREA_ATTRS = ['shape', 'coords', 'href', 'nohref',
-                    'tabindex', 'accesskey', 'onfocus', 'onblur']
-      BASEFONT_ATTRS = ['id', 'size', 'color', 'face']
-      QUOTE_ATTRS = [ATTRS, 'cite']
-      BODY_CONTENTS = [FLOW, 'ins', 'del']
-      BODY_ATTRS = [ATTRS, 'onload', 'onunload']
-      BODY_DEPR = ['background', 'bgcolor', 'text',
-                   'link', 'vlink', 'alink']
-      BUTTON_ATTRS = [ATTRS, 'name', 'value', 'type',
-                      'disabled', 'tabindex', 'accesskey', 'onfocus', 'onblur']
-
-
-      COL_ATTRS = [ATTRS, 'span', 'width', CELLHALIGN, CELLVALIGN]
-      COL_ELT = ['col']
-      EDIT_ATTRS = [ATTRS, 'datetime', 'cite']
-      COMPACT_ATTRS = [ATTRS, 'compact']
-      DL_CONTENTS = ['dt', 'dd']
-      COMPACT_ATTR = ['compact']
-      LABEL_ATTR = ['label']
-      FIELDSET_CONTENTS = [FLOW, 'legend' ]
-      FONT_ATTRS = [COREATTRS, I18N, 'size', 'color', 'face' ]
-      FORM_CONTENTS = [HEADING, LIST, INLINE, 'pre', 'p', 'div', 'center',
-                       'noscript', 'noframes', 'blockquote', 'isindex', 'hr',
-                       'table', 'fieldset', 'address']
-      FORM_ATTRS = [ATTRS, 'method', 'enctype', 'accept', 'name', 'onsubmit',
-                    'onreset', 'accept-charset']
-      FRAME_ATTRS = [COREATTRS, 'longdesc', 'name', 'src', 'frameborder',
-                     'marginwidth', 'marginheight', 'noresize', 'scrolling' ]
-      FRAMESET_ATTRS = [COREATTRS, 'rows', 'cols', 'onload', 'onunload']
-      FRAMESET_CONTENTS = ['frameset', 'frame', 'noframes']
-      HEAD_ATTRS = [I18N, 'profile']
-      HEAD_CONTENTS = ['title', 'isindex', 'base', 'script', 'style', 'meta',
-                       'link', 'object']
-      HR_DEPR = ['align', 'noshade', 'size', 'width']
-      VERSION_ATTR = ['version']
-      HTML_CONTENT = ['head', 'body', 'frameset']
-      IFRAME_ATTRS = [COREATTRS, 'longdesc', 'name', 'src', 'frameborder',
-                      'marginwidth', 'marginheight', 'scrolling', 'align',
-                      'height', 'width']
-      IMG_ATTRS = [ATTRS, 'longdesc', 'name', 'height', 'width', 'usemap',
-                   'ismap']
-      EMBED_ATTRS = [COREATTRS, 'align', 'alt', 'border', 'code', 'codebase',
-                     'frameborder', 'height', 'hidden', 'hspace', 'name',
-                     'palette', 'pluginspace', 'pluginurl', 'src', 'type',
-                     'units', 'vspace', 'width']
-      INPUT_ATTRS = [ATTRS, 'type', 'name', 'value', 'checked', 'disabled',
-                     'readonly', 'size', 'maxlength', 'src', 'alt', 'usemap',
-                     'ismap', 'tabindex', 'accesskey', 'onfocus', 'onblur',
-                     'onselect', 'onchange', 'accept']
-      PROMPT_ATTRS = [COREATTRS, I18N, 'prompt']
-      LABEL_ATTRS = [ATTRS, 'for', 'accesskey', 'onfocus', 'onblur']
-      LEGEND_ATTRS = [ATTRS, 'accesskey']
-      ALIGN_ATTR = ['align']
-      LINK_ATTRS = [ATTRS, 'charset', 'href', 'hreflang', 'type', 'rel', 'rev',
-                    'media']
-      MAP_CONTENTS = [BLOCK, 'area']
-      NAME_ATTR = ['name']
-      ACTION_ATTR = ['action']
-      BLOCKLI_ELT = [BLOCK, 'li']
-      META_ATTRS = [I18N, 'http-equiv', 'name', 'scheme']
-      CONTENT_ATTR = ['content']
-      TYPE_ATTR = ['type']
-      NOFRAMES_CONTENT = ['body', FLOW, MODIFIER]
-      OBJECT_CONTENTS = [FLOW, 'param']
-      OBJECT_ATTRS = [ATTRS, 'declare', 'classid', 'codebase', 'data', 'type',
-                      'codetype', 'archive', 'standby', 'height', 'width',
-                      'usemap', 'name', 'tabindex']
-      OBJECT_DEPR = ['align', 'border', 'hspace', 'vspace']
-      OL_ATTRS = ['type', 'compact', 'start']
-      OPTION_ELT = ['option']
-      OPTGROUP_ATTRS = [ATTRS, 'disabled']
-      OPTION_ATTRS = [ATTRS, 'disabled', 'label', 'selected', 'value']
-      PARAM_ATTRS = ['id', 'value', 'valuetype', 'type']
-      WIDTH_ATTR = ['width']
-      PRE_CONTENT = [PHRASE, 'tt', 'i', 'b', 'u', 's', 'strike', 'a', 'br',
-                     'script', 'map', 'q', 'span', 'bdo', 'iframe']
-      SCRIPT_ATTRS = ['charset', 'src', 'defer', 'event', 'for']
-      LANGUAGE_ATTR = ['language']
-      SELECT_CONTENT = ['optgroup', 'option']
-      SELECT_ATTRS = [ATTRS, 'name', 'size', 'multiple', 'disabled', 'tabindex',
-                      'onfocus', 'onblur', 'onchange']
-      STYLE_ATTRS = [I18N, 'media', 'title']
-      TABLE_ATTRS = [ATTRS, 'summary', 'width', 'border', 'frame', 'rules',
-                     'cellspacing', 'cellpadding', 'datapagesize']
-      TABLE_DEPR = ['align', 'bgcolor']
-      TABLE_CONTENTS = ['caption', 'col', 'colgroup', 'thead', 'tfoot', 'tbody',
-                        'tr']
-      TR_ELT = ['tr']
-      TALIGN_ATTRS = [ATTRS, CELLHALIGN, CELLVALIGN]
-      TH_TD_DEPR = ['nowrap', 'bgcolor', 'width', 'height']
-      TH_TD_ATTR = [ATTRS, 'abbr', 'axis', 'headers', 'scope', 'rowspan',
-                    'colspan', CELLHALIGN, CELLVALIGN]
-      TEXTAREA_ATTRS = [ATTRS, 'name', 'disabled', 'readonly', 'tabindex',
-                        'accesskey', 'onfocus', 'onblur', 'onselect',
-                        'onchange']
-      TR_CONTENTS = ['th', 'td']
-      BGCOLOR_ATTR = ['bgcolor']
-      LI_ELT = ['li']
-      UL_DEPR = ['type', 'compact']
-      DIR_ATTR = ['dir']
-
-      [
-       ['a', false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'anchor ',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, A_ATTRS, TARGET_ATTR, []
-       ],
-       ['abbr', false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'abbreviated form',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['acronym', false, false, false, false, false, :any, true, '',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['address', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'information on author',
-        INLINE_P , nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['applet', false, false, false, false, true, :loose, true,
-        'java applet ',
-        FLOW_PARAM, nil, [], APPLET_ATTRS, []
-       ],
-       ['area', false, true, true, true, false, :any, false,
-        'client-side image map area ',
-        EMPTY, nil, AREA_ATTRS, TARGET_ATTR, ALT_ATTR
-       ],
-       ['b', false, true, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'bold text style',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['base', false, true, true, true, false, :any, false,
-        'document base uri ',
-        EMPTY, nil, [], TARGET_ATTR, HREF_ATTRS
-       ],
-       ['basefont', false, true, true, true, true, :loose, true,
-        'base font size ',
-        EMPTY, nil, [], BASEFONT_ATTRS, []
-       ],
-       ['bdo', false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'i18n bidi over-ride ',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, CORE_I18N_ATTRS, [], DIR_ATTR
-       ],
-       ['big', false, true, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'large text style',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['blockquote', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'long quotation ',
-        HTML_FLOW, nil, QUOTE_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['body', true, true, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'document body ',
-        BODY_CONTENTS, 'div', BODY_ATTRS, BODY_DEPR, []
-       ],
-       ['br', false, true, true, true, false, :any, true,
-        'forced line break ',
-        EMPTY, nil, CORE_ATTRS, CLEAR_ATTRS, []
-       ],
-       ['button', false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'push button ',
-        [HTML_FLOW, MODIFIER], nil, BUTTON_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['caption', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'table caption ',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['center', false, true, false, false, true, :loose, false,
-        'shorthand for div align=center ',
-        HTML_FLOW, nil, [], HTML_ATTRS, []
-       ],
-       ['cite', false, false, false, false, false, :any, true, 'citation',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['code', false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'computer code fragment',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['col', false, true, true, true, false, :any, false, 'table column ',
-        EMPTY, nil, COL_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['colgroup', false, true, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'table column group ',
-        COL_ELT, 'col', COL_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['dd', false, true, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'definition description ',
-        HTML_FLOW, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['del', false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'deleted text ',
-        HTML_FLOW, nil, EDIT_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['dfn', false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'instance definition',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['dir', false, false, false, false, true, :loose, false,
-        'directory list',
-        BLOCKLI_ELT, 'li', [], COMPACT_ATTRS, []
-       ],
-       ['div', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'generic language/style container',
-        HTML_FLOW, nil, HTML_ATTRS, ALIGN_ATTR, []
-       ],
-       ['dl', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'definition list ',
-        DL_CONTENTS, 'dd', HTML_ATTRS, COMPACT_ATTR, []
-       ],
-       ['dt', false, true, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'definition term ',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['em', false, true, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'emphasis',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['embed', false, true, false, false, true, :loose, true,
-        'generic embedded object ',
-        EMPTY, nil, EMBED_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['fieldset', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'form control group ',
-        FIELDSET_CONTENTS, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['font', false, true, false, false, true, :loose, true,
-        'local change to font ',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, [], FONT_ATTRS, []
-       ],
-       ['form', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'interactive form ',
-        FORM_CONTENTS, 'fieldset', FORM_ATTRS, TARGET_ATTR, ACTION_ATTR
-       ],
-       ['frame', false, true, true, true, false, :frameset, false,
-        'subwindow ',
-        EMPTY, nil, [], FRAME_ATTRS, []
-       ],
-       ['frameset', false, false, false, false, false, :frameset, false,
-        'window subdivision',
-        FRAMESET_CONTENTS, 'noframes', [], FRAMESET_ATTRS, []
-       ],
-       ['htrue', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'heading ',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, ALIGN_ATTR, []
-       ],
-       ['htrue', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'heading ',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, ALIGN_ATTR, []
-       ],
-       ['htrue', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'heading ',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, ALIGN_ATTR, []
-       ],
-       ['h4', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'heading ',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, ALIGN_ATTR, []
-       ],
-       ['h5', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'heading ',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, ALIGN_ATTR, []
-       ],
-       ['h6', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'heading ',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, ALIGN_ATTR, []
-       ],
-       ['head', true, true, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'document head ',
-        HEAD_CONTENTS, nil, HEAD_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['hr', false, true, true, true, false, :any, false,
-        'horizontal rule ',
-        EMPTY, nil, HTML_ATTRS, HR_DEPR, []
-       ],
-       ['html', true, true, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'document root element ',
-        HTML_CONTENT, nil, I18N_ATTRS, VERSION_ATTR, []
-       ],
-       ['i', false, true, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'italic text style',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['iframe', false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'inline subwindow ',
-        HTML_FLOW, nil, [], IFRAME_ATTRS, []
-       ],
-       ['img', false, true, true, true, false, :any, true,
-        'embedded image ',
-        EMPTY, nil, IMG_ATTRS, ALIGN_ATTR, SRC_ALT_ATTRS
-       ],
-       ['input', false, true, true, true, false, :any, true,
-        'form control ',
-        EMPTY, nil, INPUT_ATTRS, ALIGN_ATTR, []
-       ],
-       ['ins', false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'inserted text',
-        HTML_FLOW, nil, EDIT_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['isindex', false, true, true, true, true, :loose, false,
-        'single line prompt ',
-        EMPTY, nil, [], PROMPT_ATTRS, []
-       ],
-       ['kbd', false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'text to be entered by the user',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['label', false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'form field label text ',
-        [HTML_INLINE, MODIFIER], nil, LABEL_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['legend', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'fieldset legend ',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, LEGEND_ATTRS, ALIGN_ATTR, []
-       ],
-       ['li', false, true, true, false, false, :any, false,
-        'list item ',
-        HTML_FLOW, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['link', false, true, true, true, false, :any, false,
-        'a media-independent link ',
-        EMPTY, nil, LINK_ATTRS, TARGET_ATTR, []
-       ],
-       ['map', false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'client-side image map ',
-        MAP_CONTENTS, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], NAME_ATTR
-       ],
-       ['menu', false, false, false, false, true, :loose, false,
-        'menu list ',
-        BLOCKLI_ELT, nil, [], COMPACT_ATTRS, []
-       ],
-       ['meta', false, true, true, true, false, :any, false,
-        'generic metainformation ',
-        EMPTY, nil, META_ATTRS, [], CONTENT_ATTR
-       ],
-       ['noframes', false, false, false, false, false, :frameset, false,
-        'alternate content container for non frame-based rendering ',
-        NOFRAMES_CONTENT, 'body', HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['noscript', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'alternate content container for non script-based rendering ',
-        HTML_FLOW, 'div', HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['object', false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'generic embedded object ',
-        OBJECT_CONTENTS, 'div', OBJECT_ATTRS, OBJECT_DEPR, []
-       ],
-       ['ol', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'ordered list ',
-        LI_ELT, 'li', HTML_ATTRS, OL_ATTRS, []
-       ],
-       ['optgroup', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'option group ',
-        OPTION_ELT, 'option', OPTGROUP_ATTRS, [], LABEL_ATTR
-       ],
-       ['option', false, true, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'selectable choice ',
-        HTML_PCDATA, nil, OPTION_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['p', false, true, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'paragraph ',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, ALIGN_ATTR, []
-       ],
-       ['param', false, true, true, true, false, :any, false,
-        'named property value ',
-        EMPTY, nil, PARAM_ATTRS, [], NAME_ATTR
-       ],
-       ['pre', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'preformatted text ',
-        PRE_CONTENT, nil, HTML_ATTRS, WIDTH_ATTR, []
-       ],
-       ['q', false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'short inline quotation ',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, QUOTE_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['s', false, true, false, false, true, :loose, true,
-        'strike-through text style',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, [], HTML_ATTRS, []
-       ],
-       ['samp', false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'sample program output, scripts, etc.',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['script', false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'script statements ',
-        HTML_CDATA, nil, SCRIPT_ATTRS, LANGUAGE_ATTR, TYPE_ATTR
-       ],
-       ['select', false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'option selector ',
-        SELECT_CONTENT, nil, SELECT_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['small', false, true, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'small text style',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['span', false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'generic language/style container ',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['strike', false, true, false, false, true, :loose, true,
-        'strike-through text',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, [], HTML_ATTRS, []
-       ],
-       ['strong', false, true, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'strong emphasis',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['style', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'style info ',
-        HTML_CDATA, nil, STYLE_ATTRS, [], TYPE_ATTR
-       ],
-       ['sub', false, true, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'subscript',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['sup', false, true, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'superscript ',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['table', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        '',
-        TABLE_CONTENTS, 'tr', TABLE_ATTRS, TABLE_DEPR, []
-       ],
-       ['tbody', true, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'table body ',
-        TR_ELT, 'tr', TALIGN_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['td', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'table data cell',
-        HTML_FLOW, nil, TH_TD_ATTR, TH_TD_DEPR, []
-       ],
-       ['textarea', false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'multi-line text field ',
-        HTML_PCDATA, nil, TEXTAREA_ATTRS, [], ROWS_COLS_ATTR
-       ],
-       ['tfoot', false, true, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'table footer ',
-        TR_ELT, 'tr', TALIGN_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['th', false, true, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'table header cell',
-        HTML_FLOW, nil, TH_TD_ATTR, TH_TD_DEPR, []
-       ],
-       ['thead', false, true, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'table header ',
-        TR_ELT, 'tr', TALIGN_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['title', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'document title ',
-        HTML_PCDATA, nil, I18N_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['tr', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'table row ',
-        TR_CONTENTS, 'td', TALIGN_ATTRS, BGCOLOR_ATTR, []
-       ],
-       ['tt', false, true, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'teletype or monospaced text style',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ],
-       ['u', false, true, false, false, true, :loose, true,
-        'underlined text style',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, [], HTML_ATTRS, []
-       ],
-       ['ul', false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
-        'unordered list ',
-        LI_ELT, 'li', HTML_ATTRS, UL_DEPR, []
-       ],
-       ['var', false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
-        'instance of a variable or program argument',
-        HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], []
-       ]
-      ].each do |descriptor|
-        name = descriptor[0]
-
-        begin
-        d = Desc.new(*descriptor)
-
-        # flatten all the attribute lists (Ruby1.9, *[a,b,c] can be
-        # used to flatten a literal list, but not in Ruby1.8).
-        d[:subelts] = d[:subelts].flatten
-        d[:attrs_opt] = d[:attrs_opt].flatten
-        d[:attrs_depr] = d[:attrs_depr].flatten
-          d[:attrs_req] = d[:attrs_req].flatten
-        rescue => e
-            p name
-          raise e
-        end
-
-        DefaultDescriptions[name] = d
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/html/sax/parser_context.rb b/lib/nokogiri/html/sax/parser_context.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 5eb48ca329..0000000000
--- a/lib/nokogiri/html/sax/parser_context.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-module Nokogiri
-  module HTML
-    module SAX
-      ###
-      # Context for HTML SAX parsers.  This class is usually not instantiated
-      # by the user.  Instead, you should be looking at
-      # Nokogiri::HTML::SAX::Parser
-      class ParserContext < Nokogiri::XML::SAX::ParserContext
-        def self.new thing, encoding = 'UTF-8'
-          [:read, :close].all? { |x| thing.respond_to?(x) } ?  super :
-            memory(thing, encoding)
-        end
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/html4.rb b/lib/nokogiri/html4.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e755391a9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/html4.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# coding: utf-8
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Nokogiri
+  class << self
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   HTML4(input, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_HTML, &block) → Nokogiri::HTML4::Document
+    #
+    # Parse HTML. Convenience method for Nokogiri::HTML4::Document.parse
+    def HTML4(input, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_HTML, &block)
+      Nokogiri::HTML4::Document.parse(input, url, encoding, options, &block)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Since v1.12.0
+  #
+  # 💡 Before v1.12.0, Nokogiri::HTML4 did not exist, and Nokogiri::HTML was the module/namespace
+  # for parsing HTML.
+  module HTML4
+    class << self
+      ###
+      # Parse HTML. Convenience method for Nokogiri::HTML4::Document.parse
+      def parse(input, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_HTML, &block)
+        Document.parse(input, url, encoding, options, &block)
+      end
+
+      ####
+      # Parse a fragment from +string+ in to a NodeSet.
+      def fragment(string, encoding = nil, options = XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_HTML, &block)
+        HTML4::DocumentFragment.parse(string, encoding, options, &block)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Instance of Nokogiri::HTML4::EntityLookup
+    NamedCharacters = EntityLookup.new
+  end
+end
+
+require_relative "html4/entity_lookup"
+require_relative "html4/document"
+require_relative "html4/document_fragment"
+require_relative "html4/sax/parser_context"
+require_relative "html4/sax/parser"
+require_relative "html4/sax/push_parser"
+require_relative "html4/element_description"
+require_relative "html4/element_description_defaults"
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/html/builder.rb b/lib/nokogiri/html4/builder.rb
similarity index 93%
rename from lib/nokogiri/html/builder.rb
rename to lib/nokogiri/html4/builder.rb
index 098588ae87..eb6d24571c 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/html/builder.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/html4/builder.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
-  module HTML
+  module HTML4
     ###
     # Nokogiri HTML builder is used for building HTML documents.  It is very
     # similar to the Nokogiri::XML::Builder.  In fact, you should go read the
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ module HTML
     # Create an HTML document with a body that has an onload attribute, and a
     # span tag with a class of "bold" that has content of "Hello world".
     #
-    #   builder = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new do |doc|
+    #   builder = Nokogiri::HTML4::Builder.new do |doc|
     #     doc.html {
     #       doc.body(:onload => 'some_func();') {
     #         doc.span.bold {
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/html/document.rb b/lib/nokogiri/html4/document.rb
similarity index 64%
rename from lib/nokogiri/html/document.rb
rename to lib/nokogiri/html4/document.rb
index c54676c92f..fbc22d2072 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/html/document.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/html4/document.rb
@@ -1,19 +1,19 @@
+# coding: utf-8
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
-require 'pathname'
+require "pathname"
 
 module Nokogiri
-  module HTML
+  module HTML4
     class Document < Nokogiri::XML::Document
       ###
       # Get the meta tag encoding for this document.  If there is no meta tag,
       # then nil is returned.
       def meta_encoding
-        case
-        when meta = at('//meta[@charset]')
+        if (meta = at_xpath("//meta[@charset]"))
           meta[:charset]
-        when meta = meta_content_type
-          meta['content'][/charset\s*=\s*([\w-]+)/i, 1]
+        elsif (meta = meta_content_type)
+          meta["content"][/charset\s*=\s*([\w-]+)/i, 1]
         end
       end
 
@@ -33,24 +33,22 @@ def meta_encoding
       #
       # Beware in CRuby, that libxml2 automatically inserts a meta tag
       # into a head element.
-      def meta_encoding= encoding
-        case
-        when meta = meta_content_type
-          meta['content'] = 'text/html; charset=%s' % encoding
+      def meta_encoding=(encoding)
+        if (meta = meta_content_type)
+          meta["content"] = format("text/html; charset=%s", encoding)
           encoding
-        when meta = at('//meta[@charset]')
-          meta['charset'] = encoding
+        elsif (meta = at_xpath("//meta[@charset]"))
+          meta["charset"] = encoding
         else
-          meta = XML::Node.new('meta', self)
-          if dtd = internal_subset and dtd.html5_dtd?
-            meta['charset'] = encoding
+          meta = XML::Node.new("meta", self)
+          if (dtd = internal_subset) && dtd.html5_dtd?
+            meta["charset"] = encoding
           else
-            meta['http-equiv'] = 'Content-Type'
-            meta['content'] = 'text/html; charset=%s' % encoding
+            meta["http-equiv"] = "Content-Type"
+            meta["content"] = format("text/html; charset=%s", encoding)
           end
 
-          case
-          when head = at('//head')
+          if (head = at_xpath("//head"))
             head.prepend_child(meta)
           else
             set_metadata_element(meta)
@@ -60,9 +58,9 @@ def meta_encoding= encoding
       end
 
       def meta_content_type
-        xpath('//meta[@http-equiv and boolean(@content)]').find { |node|
-          node['http-equiv'] =~ /\AContent-Type\z/i
-        }
+        xpath("//meta[@http-equiv and boolean(@content)]").find do |node|
+          node["http-equiv"] =~ /\AContent-Type\z/i
+        end
       end
       private :meta_content_type
 
@@ -70,7 +68,7 @@ def meta_content_type
       # Get the title string of this document.  Return nil if there is
       # no title tag.
       def title
-        title = at('//title') and title.inner_text
+        (title = at_xpath("//title")) && title.inner_text
       end
 
       ###
@@ -86,52 +84,50 @@ def title
       # content element (typically <body>) if any.
       def title=(text)
         tnode = XML::Text.new(text, self)
-        if title = at('//title')
+        if (title = at_xpath("//title"))
           title.children = tnode
           return text
         end
 
-        title = XML::Node.new('title', self) << tnode
-        case
-        when head = at('//head')
+        title = XML::Node.new("title", self) << tnode
+        if (head = at_xpath("//head"))
           head << title
-        when meta = at('//meta[@charset]') || meta_content_type
+        elsif (meta = (at_xpath("//meta[@charset]") || meta_content_type))
           # better put after charset declaration
           meta.add_next_sibling(title)
         else
           set_metadata_element(title)
         end
-        text
       end
 
-      def set_metadata_element(element)
-        case
-        when head = at('//head')
+      def set_metadata_element(element) # rubocop:disable Naming/AccessorMethodName
+        if (head = at_xpath("//head"))
           head << element
-        when html = at('//html')
-          head = html.prepend_child(XML::Node.new('head', self))
+        elsif (html = at_xpath("//html"))
+          head = html.prepend_child(XML::Node.new("head", self))
           head.prepend_child(element)
-        when first = children.find { |node|
-            case node
-            when XML::Element, XML::Text
-              true
-            end
-          }
+        elsif (first = children.find do |node|
+                 case node
+                 when XML::Element, XML::Text
+                   true
+                 end
+               end)
           # We reach here only if the underlying document model
           # allows <html>/<head> elements to be omitted and does not
           # automatically supply them.
           first.add_previous_sibling(element)
         else
-          html = add_child(XML::Node.new('html', self))
-          head = html.add_child(XML::Node.new('head', self))
+          html = add_child(XML::Node.new("html", self))
+          head = html.add_child(XML::Node.new("head", self))
           head.prepend_child(element)
         end
       end
       private :set_metadata_element
 
       ####
-      # Serialize Node using +options+.  Save options can also be set using a
-      # block. See SaveOptions.
+      # Serialize Node using +options+. Save options can also be set using a block.
+      #
+      # See also Nokogiri::XML::Node::SaveOptions and Node@Serialization+and+Generating+Output.
       #
       # These two statements are equivalent:
       #
@@ -143,15 +139,25 @@ def set_metadata_element(element)
       #     config.format.as_xml
       #   end
       #
-      def serialize options = {}
+      def serialize(options = {})
         options[:save_with] ||= XML::Node::SaveOptions::DEFAULT_HTML
         super
       end
 
       ####
       # Create a Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment from +tags+
-      def fragment tags = nil
-        DocumentFragment.new(self, tags, self.root)
+      def fragment(tags = nil)
+        DocumentFragment.new(self, tags, root)
+      end
+
+      # :call-seq:
+      #   xpath_doctype() → Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::DoctypeConfig
+      #
+      # [Returns] The document type which determines CSS-to-XPath translation.
+      #
+      # See XPathVisitor for more information.
+      def xpath_doctype
+        Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::DoctypeConfig::HTML4
       end
 
       class << self
@@ -163,9 +169,8 @@ class << self
         # is a number that sets options in the parser, such as
         # Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::RECOVER.  See the constants in
         # Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.
-        def parse string_or_io, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_HTML
+        def parse(string_or_io, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_HTML)
           options = Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new(options) if Integer === options
-
           yield options if block_given?
 
           url ||= string_or_io.respond_to?(:path) ? string_or_io.path : nil
@@ -206,7 +211,7 @@ def parse string_or_io, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = XML::ParseOptions::
           end
 
           # read_memory pukes on empty docs
-          if string_or_io.nil? or string_or_io.empty?
+          if string_or_io.nil? || string_or_io.empty?
             return encoding ? new.tap { |i| i.encoding = encoding } : new
           end
 
@@ -216,37 +221,39 @@ def parse string_or_io, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = XML::ParseOptions::
         end
       end
 
-      class EncodingFound < StandardError # :nodoc:
+      class EncodingFound < StandardError # :nodoc: all
         attr_reader :found_encoding
 
         def initialize(encoding)
           @found_encoding = encoding
-          super("encoding found: %s" % encoding)
+          super(format("encoding found: %s", encoding))
         end
       end
 
-      class EncodingReader # :nodoc:
-        class SAXHandler < Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document # :nodoc:
+      # :nodoc: all
+      class EncodingReader
+        class SAXHandler < Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document
           attr_reader :encoding
-          
+
           def initialize
             @encoding = nil
             super()
           end
-    
+
           def start_element(name, attrs = [])
-            return unless name == 'meta'
+            return unless name == "meta"
+
             attr = Hash[attrs]
-            charset = attr['charset'] and
-              @encoding = charset
-            http_equiv = attr['http-equiv'] and
-              http_equiv.match(/\AContent-Type\z/i) and
-              content = attr['content'] and
-              m = content.match(/;\s*charset\s*=\s*([\w-]+)/) and
-              @encoding = m[1]
+            (charset = attr["charset"]) &&
+              (@encoding = charset)
+            (http_equiv = attr["http-equiv"]) &&
+              http_equiv.match(/\AContent-Type\z/i) &&
+              (content = attr["content"]) &&
+              (m = content.match(/;\s*charset\s*=\s*([\w-]+)/)) &&
+              (@encoding = m[1])
           end
         end
-        
+
         class JumpSAXHandler < SAXHandler
           def initialize(jumptag)
             @jumptag = jumptag
@@ -255,26 +262,30 @@ def initialize(jumptag)
 
           def start_element(name, attrs = [])
             super
-            throw @jumptag, @encoding if @encoding
-            throw @jumptag, nil if name =~ /\A(?:div|h1|img|p|br)\z/
+            throw(@jumptag, @encoding) if @encoding
+            throw(@jumptag, nil) if /\A(?:div|h1|img|p|br)\z/.match?(name)
           end
         end
 
         def self.detect_encoding(chunk)
-          m = chunk.match(/\A(<\?xml[ \t\r\n]+[^>]*>)/) and
-            return Nokogiri.XML(m[1]).encoding
+          (m = chunk.match(/\A(<\?xml[ \t\r\n][^>]*>)/)) &&
+            (return Nokogiri.XML(m[1]).encoding)
 
           if Nokogiri.jruby?
-            m = chunk.match(/(<meta\s)(.*)(charset\s*=\s*([\w-]+))(.*)/i) and
-              return m[4]
-            catch(:encoding_found) {
-              Nokogiri::HTML::SAX::Parser.new(JumpSAXHandler.new(:encoding_found)).parse(chunk)
+            (m = chunk.match(/(<meta\s)(.*)(charset\s*=\s*([\w-]+))(.*)/i)) &&
+              (return m[4])
+            catch(:encoding_found) do
+              Nokogiri::HTML4::SAX::Parser.new(JumpSAXHandler.new(:encoding_found)).parse(chunk)
               nil
-            }
+            end
           else
             handler = SAXHandler.new
-            parser = Nokogiri::HTML::SAX::PushParser.new(handler)
-            parser << chunk rescue Nokogiri::SyntaxError
+            parser = Nokogiri::HTML4::SAX::PushParser.new(handler)
+            begin
+              parser << chunk
+            rescue
+              Nokogiri::SyntaxError
+            end
             handler.encoding
           end
         end
@@ -286,20 +297,20 @@ def initialize(io)
         end
 
         # This method is used by the C extension so that
-        # Nokogiri::HTML::Document#read_io() does not leak memory when
+        # Nokogiri::HTML4::Document#read_io() does not leak memory when
         # EncodingFound is raised.
         attr_reader :encoding_found
 
         def read(len)
           # no support for a call without len
 
-          if !@firstchunk
-            @firstchunk = @io.read(len) or return nil
+          unless @firstchunk
+            (@firstchunk = @io.read(len)) || (return nil)
 
             # This implementation expects that the first call from
             # htmlReadIO() is made with a length long enough (~1KB) to
             # achieve advanced encoding detection.
-            if encoding = EncodingReader.detect_encoding(@firstchunk)
+            if (encoding = EncodingReader.detect_encoding(@firstchunk))
               # The first chunk is stored for the next read in retry.
               raise @encoding_found = EncodingFound.new(encoding)
             end
@@ -308,7 +319,7 @@ def read(len)
 
           ret = @firstchunk.slice!(0, len)
           if (len -= ret.length) > 0
-            rest = @io.read(len) and ret << rest
+            (rest = @io.read(len)) && ret << (rest)
           end
           if ret.empty?
             nil
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/html/document_fragment.rb b/lib/nokogiri/html4/document_fragment.rb
similarity index 64%
rename from lib/nokogiri/html/document_fragment.rb
rename to lib/nokogiri/html4/document_fragment.rb
index ce85cd78e3..9bfddef5da 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/html/document_fragment.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/html4/document_fragment.rb
@@ -1,34 +1,38 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
-  module HTML
+  module HTML4
     class DocumentFragment < Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment
       ####
       # Create a Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment from +tags+, using +encoding+
-      def self.parse(tags, encoding = nil)
-        doc = HTML::Document.new
+      def self.parse(tags, encoding = nil, options = XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_HTML, &block)
+        doc = HTML4::Document.new
 
         encoding ||= if tags.respond_to?(:encoding)
           encoding = tags.encoding
           if encoding == ::Encoding::ASCII_8BIT
-            'UTF-8'
+            "UTF-8"
           else
             encoding.name
           end
         else
-          'UTF-8'
+          "UTF-8"
         end
 
         doc.encoding = encoding
 
-        new(doc, tags)
+        new(doc, tags, nil, options, &block)
       end
 
-      def initialize(document, tags = nil, ctx = nil)
+      def initialize(document, tags = nil, ctx = nil, options = XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_HTML)
         return self unless tags
 
+        options = Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new(options) if Integer === options
+        yield options if block_given?
+
         if ctx
           preexisting_errors = document.errors.dup
-          node_set = ctx.parse("<div>#{tags}</div>")
+          node_set = ctx.parse("<div>#{tags}</div>", options)
           node_set.first.children.each { |child| child.parent = self } unless node_set.empty?
           self.errors = document.errors - preexisting_errors
         else
@@ -39,7 +43,7 @@ def initialize(document, tags = nil, ctx = nil)
             "/html/body/node()"
           end
 
-          temp_doc = HTML::Document.parse("<html><body>#{tags}", nil, document.encoding)
+          temp_doc = HTML4::Document.parse("<html><body>#{tags}", nil, document.encoding, options)
           temp_doc.xpath(path).each { |child| child.parent = self }
           self.errors = temp_doc.errors
         end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/html/element_description.rb b/lib/nokogiri/html4/element_description.rb
similarity index 96%
rename from lib/nokogiri/html/element_description.rb
rename to lib/nokogiri/html4/element_description.rb
index 6c415774da..66c0ef8c35 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/html/element_description.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/html4/element_description.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
-  module HTML
+  module HTML4
     class ElementDescription
       ###
       # Is this element a block element?
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/html4/element_description_defaults.rb b/lib/nokogiri/html4/element_description_defaults.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9d61277e3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/html4/element_description_defaults.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,578 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Nokogiri
+  module HTML4
+    class ElementDescription
+      # Methods are defined protected by method_defined? because at
+      # this point the C-library or Java library is already loaded,
+      # and we don't want to clobber any methods that have been
+      # defined there.
+
+      Desc = Struct.new("HTMLElementDescription", :name,
+        :startTag, :endTag, :saveEndTag,
+        :empty, :depr, :dtd, :isinline,
+        :desc,
+        :subelts, :defaultsubelt,
+        :attrs_opt, :attrs_depr, :attrs_req)
+
+      # This is filled in down below.
+      DefaultDescriptions = {} # rubocop:disable Naming/ConstantName
+
+      def default_desc
+        DefaultDescriptions[name.downcase]
+      end
+      private :default_desc
+
+      unless method_defined?(:implied_start_tag?)
+        def implied_start_tag?
+          d = default_desc
+          d ? d.startTag : nil
+        end
+      end
+
+      unless method_defined?(:implied_end_tag?)
+        def implied_end_tag?
+          d = default_desc
+          d ? d.endTag : nil
+        end
+      end
+
+      unless method_defined?(:save_end_tag?)
+        def save_end_tag?
+          d = default_desc
+          d ? d.saveEndTag : nil
+        end
+      end
+
+      unless method_defined?(:deprecated?)
+        def deprecated?
+          d = default_desc
+          d ? d.depr : nil
+        end
+      end
+
+      unless method_defined?(:description)
+        def description
+          d = default_desc
+          d ? d.desc : nil
+        end
+      end
+
+      unless method_defined?(:default_sub_element)
+        def default_sub_element
+          d = default_desc
+          d ? d.defaultsubelt : nil
+        end
+      end
+
+      unless method_defined?(:optional_attributes)
+        def optional_attributes
+          d = default_desc
+          d ? d.attrs_opt : []
+        end
+      end
+
+      unless method_defined?(:deprecated_attributes)
+        def deprecated_attributes
+          d = default_desc
+          d ? d.attrs_depr : []
+        end
+      end
+
+      unless method_defined?(:required_attributes)
+        def required_attributes
+          d = default_desc
+          d ? d.attrs_req : []
+        end
+      end
+
+      ###
+      # Default Element Descriptions (HTML 4.0) copied from
+      # libxml2/HTMLparser.c and libxml2/include/libxml/HTMLparser.h
+      #
+      # The copyright notice for those files and the following list of
+      # element and attribute descriptions is reproduced here:
+      #
+      # Except where otherwise noted in the source code (e.g. the
+      # files hash.c, list.c and the trio files, which are covered by
+      # a similar licence but with different Copyright notices) all
+      # the files are:
+      #
+      #  Copyright (C) 1998-2003 Daniel Veillard.  All Rights Reserved.
+      #
+      # Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
+      # obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
+      # files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
+      # restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,
+      # copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
+      # sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+      # Software is fur- nished to do so, subject to the following
+      # conditions:
+
+      # The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+      # included in all copies or substantial portions of the
+      # Software.
+
+      # THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY
+      # KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE
+      # WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FIT- NESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+      # PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE DANIEL
+      # VEILLARD BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
+      # WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+      # FROM, OUT OF OR IN CON- NECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE
+      # OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+      # Except as contained in this notice, the name of Daniel
+      # Veillard shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to
+      # promote the sale, use or other deal- ings in this Software
+      # without prior written authorization from him.
+
+      # Attributes defined and categorized
+      FONTSTYLE = ["tt", "i", "b", "u", "s", "strike", "big", "small"]
+      PHRASE = ["em", "strong", "dfn", "code", "samp",
+                "kbd", "var", "cite", "abbr", "acronym",]
+      SPECIAL = ["a", "img", "applet", "embed", "object", "font", "basefont",
+                 "br", "script", "map", "q", "sub", "sup", "span", "bdo",
+                 "iframe",]
+      PCDATA = []
+      HEADING = ["h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6"]
+      LIST = ["ul", "ol", "dir", "menu"]
+      FORMCTRL = ["input", "select", "textarea", "label", "button"]
+      BLOCK = [HEADING, LIST, "pre", "p", "dl", "div", "center", "noscript",
+               "noframes", "blockquote", "form", "isindex", "hr", "table",
+               "fieldset", "address",]
+      INLINE = [PCDATA, FONTSTYLE, PHRASE, SPECIAL, FORMCTRL]
+      FLOW = [BLOCK, INLINE]
+      MODIFIER = []
+      EMPTY = []
+
+      HTML_FLOW = FLOW
+      HTML_INLINE = INLINE
+      HTML_PCDATA = PCDATA
+      HTML_CDATA = HTML_PCDATA
+
+      COREATTRS = ["id", "class", "style", "title"]
+      I18N = ["lang", "dir"]
+      EVENTS = ["onclick", "ondblclick", "onmousedown", "onmouseup",
+                "onmouseover", "onmouseout", "onkeypress", "onkeydown",
+                "onkeyup",]
+      ATTRS = [COREATTRS, I18N, EVENTS]
+      CELLHALIGN = ["align", "char", "charoff"]
+      CELLVALIGN = ["valign"]
+
+      HTML_ATTRS = ATTRS
+      CORE_I18N_ATTRS = [COREATTRS, I18N]
+      CORE_ATTRS = COREATTRS
+      I18N_ATTRS = I18N
+
+      A_ATTRS = [ATTRS, "charset", "type", "name",
+                 "href", "hreflang", "rel", "rev", "accesskey", "shape",
+                 "coords", "tabindex", "onfocus", "onblur",]
+      TARGET_ATTR = ["target"]
+      ROWS_COLS_ATTR = ["rows", "cols"]
+      ALT_ATTR = ["alt"]
+      SRC_ALT_ATTRS = ["src", "alt"]
+      HREF_ATTRS = ["href"]
+      CLEAR_ATTRS = ["clear"]
+      INLINE_P = [INLINE, "p"]
+
+      FLOW_PARAM = [FLOW, "param"]
+      APPLET_ATTRS = [COREATTRS, "codebase",
+                      "archive", "alt", "name", "height", "width", "align",
+                      "hspace", "vspace",]
+      AREA_ATTRS = ["shape", "coords", "href", "nohref",
+                    "tabindex", "accesskey", "onfocus", "onblur",]
+      BASEFONT_ATTRS = ["id", "size", "color", "face"]
+      QUOTE_ATTRS = [ATTRS, "cite"]
+      BODY_CONTENTS = [FLOW, "ins", "del"]
+      BODY_ATTRS = [ATTRS, "onload", "onunload"]
+      BODY_DEPR = ["background", "bgcolor", "text",
+                   "link", "vlink", "alink",]
+      BUTTON_ATTRS = [ATTRS, "name", "value", "type",
+                      "disabled", "tabindex", "accesskey", "onfocus", "onblur",]
+
+      COL_ATTRS = [ATTRS, "span", "width", CELLHALIGN, CELLVALIGN]
+      COL_ELT = ["col"]
+      EDIT_ATTRS = [ATTRS, "datetime", "cite"]
+      COMPACT_ATTRS = [ATTRS, "compact"]
+      DL_CONTENTS = ["dt", "dd"]
+      COMPACT_ATTR = ["compact"]
+      LABEL_ATTR = ["label"]
+      FIELDSET_CONTENTS = [FLOW, "legend"]
+      FONT_ATTRS = [COREATTRS, I18N, "size", "color", "face"]
+      FORM_CONTENTS = [HEADING, LIST, INLINE, "pre", "p", "div", "center",
+                       "noscript", "noframes", "blockquote", "isindex", "hr",
+                       "table", "fieldset", "address",]
+      FORM_ATTRS = [ATTRS, "method", "enctype", "accept", "name", "onsubmit",
+                    "onreset", "accept-charset",]
+      FRAME_ATTRS = [COREATTRS, "longdesc", "name", "src", "frameborder",
+                     "marginwidth", "marginheight", "noresize", "scrolling",]
+      FRAMESET_ATTRS = [COREATTRS, "rows", "cols", "onload", "onunload"]
+      FRAMESET_CONTENTS = ["frameset", "frame", "noframes"]
+      HEAD_ATTRS = [I18N, "profile"]
+      HEAD_CONTENTS = ["title", "isindex", "base", "script", "style", "meta",
+                       "link", "object",]
+      HR_DEPR = ["align", "noshade", "size", "width"]
+      VERSION_ATTR = ["version"]
+      HTML_CONTENT = ["head", "body", "frameset"]
+      IFRAME_ATTRS = [COREATTRS, "longdesc", "name", "src", "frameborder",
+                      "marginwidth", "marginheight", "scrolling", "align",
+                      "height", "width",]
+      IMG_ATTRS = [ATTRS, "longdesc", "name", "height", "width", "usemap",
+                   "ismap",]
+      EMBED_ATTRS = [COREATTRS, "align", "alt", "border", "code", "codebase",
+                     "frameborder", "height", "hidden", "hspace", "name",
+                     "palette", "pluginspace", "pluginurl", "src", "type",
+                     "units", "vspace", "width",]
+      INPUT_ATTRS = [ATTRS, "type", "name", "value", "checked", "disabled",
+                     "readonly", "size", "maxlength", "src", "alt", "usemap",
+                     "ismap", "tabindex", "accesskey", "onfocus", "onblur",
+                     "onselect", "onchange", "accept",]
+      PROMPT_ATTRS = [COREATTRS, I18N, "prompt"]
+      LABEL_ATTRS = [ATTRS, "for", "accesskey", "onfocus", "onblur"]
+      LEGEND_ATTRS = [ATTRS, "accesskey"]
+      ALIGN_ATTR = ["align"]
+      LINK_ATTRS = [ATTRS, "charset", "href", "hreflang", "type", "rel", "rev",
+                    "media",]
+      MAP_CONTENTS = [BLOCK, "area"]
+      NAME_ATTR = ["name"]
+      ACTION_ATTR = ["action"]
+      BLOCKLI_ELT = [BLOCK, "li"]
+      META_ATTRS = [I18N, "http-equiv", "name", "scheme"]
+      CONTENT_ATTR = ["content"]
+      TYPE_ATTR = ["type"]
+      NOFRAMES_CONTENT = ["body", FLOW, MODIFIER]
+      OBJECT_CONTENTS = [FLOW, "param"]
+      OBJECT_ATTRS = [ATTRS, "declare", "classid", "codebase", "data", "type",
+                      "codetype", "archive", "standby", "height", "width",
+                      "usemap", "name", "tabindex",]
+      OBJECT_DEPR = ["align", "border", "hspace", "vspace"]
+      OL_ATTRS = ["type", "compact", "start"]
+      OPTION_ELT = ["option"]
+      OPTGROUP_ATTRS = [ATTRS, "disabled"]
+      OPTION_ATTRS = [ATTRS, "disabled", "label", "selected", "value"]
+      PARAM_ATTRS = ["id", "value", "valuetype", "type"]
+      WIDTH_ATTR = ["width"]
+      PRE_CONTENT = [PHRASE, "tt", "i", "b", "u", "s", "strike", "a", "br",
+                     "script", "map", "q", "span", "bdo", "iframe",]
+      SCRIPT_ATTRS = ["charset", "src", "defer", "event", "for"]
+      LANGUAGE_ATTR = ["language"]
+      SELECT_CONTENT = ["optgroup", "option"]
+      SELECT_ATTRS = [ATTRS, "name", "size", "multiple", "disabled", "tabindex",
+                      "onfocus", "onblur", "onchange",]
+      STYLE_ATTRS = [I18N, "media", "title"]
+      TABLE_ATTRS = [ATTRS, "summary", "width", "border", "frame", "rules",
+                     "cellspacing", "cellpadding", "datapagesize",]
+      TABLE_DEPR = ["align", "bgcolor"]
+      TABLE_CONTENTS = ["caption", "col", "colgroup", "thead", "tfoot", "tbody",
+                        "tr",]
+      TR_ELT = ["tr"]
+      TALIGN_ATTRS = [ATTRS, CELLHALIGN, CELLVALIGN]
+      TH_TD_DEPR = ["nowrap", "bgcolor", "width", "height"]
+      TH_TD_ATTR = [ATTRS, "abbr", "axis", "headers", "scope", "rowspan",
+                    "colspan", CELLHALIGN, CELLVALIGN,]
+      TEXTAREA_ATTRS = [ATTRS, "name", "disabled", "readonly", "tabindex",
+                        "accesskey", "onfocus", "onblur", "onselect",
+                        "onchange",]
+      TR_CONTENTS = ["th", "td"]
+      BGCOLOR_ATTR = ["bgcolor"]
+      LI_ELT = ["li"]
+      UL_DEPR = ["type", "compact"]
+      DIR_ATTR = ["dir"]
+
+      [
+        ["a", false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "anchor ",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, A_ATTRS, TARGET_ATTR, [],],
+        ["abbr", false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "abbreviated form",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["acronym", false, false, false, false, false, :any, true, "",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["address", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "information on author",
+         INLINE_P, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["applet", false, false, false, false, true, :loose, true,
+         "java applet ",
+         FLOW_PARAM, nil, [], APPLET_ATTRS, [],],
+        ["area", false, true, true, true, false, :any, false,
+         "client-side image map area ",
+         EMPTY, nil, AREA_ATTRS, TARGET_ATTR, ALT_ATTR,],
+        ["b", false, true, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "bold text style",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["base", false, true, true, true, false, :any, false,
+         "document base uri ",
+         EMPTY, nil, [], TARGET_ATTR, HREF_ATTRS,],
+        ["basefont", false, true, true, true, true, :loose, true,
+         "base font size ",
+         EMPTY, nil, [], BASEFONT_ATTRS, [],],
+        ["bdo", false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "i18n bidi over-ride ",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, CORE_I18N_ATTRS, [], DIR_ATTR,],
+        ["big", false, true, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "large text style",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["blockquote", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "long quotation ",
+         HTML_FLOW, nil, QUOTE_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["body", true, true, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "document body ",
+         BODY_CONTENTS, "div", BODY_ATTRS, BODY_DEPR, [],],
+        ["br", false, true, true, true, false, :any, true,
+         "forced line break ",
+         EMPTY, nil, CORE_ATTRS, CLEAR_ATTRS, [],],
+        ["button", false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "push button ",
+         [HTML_FLOW, MODIFIER], nil, BUTTON_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["caption", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "table caption ",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["center", false, true, false, false, true, :loose, false,
+         "shorthand for div align=center ",
+         HTML_FLOW, nil, [], HTML_ATTRS, [],],
+        ["cite", false, false, false, false, false, :any, true, "citation",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["code", false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "computer code fragment",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["col", false, true, true, true, false, :any, false, "table column ",
+         EMPTY, nil, COL_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["colgroup", false, true, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "table column group ",
+         COL_ELT, "col", COL_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["dd", false, true, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "definition description ",
+         HTML_FLOW, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["del", false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "deleted text ",
+         HTML_FLOW, nil, EDIT_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["dfn", false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "instance definition",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["dir", false, false, false, false, true, :loose, false,
+         "directory list",
+         BLOCKLI_ELT, "li", [], COMPACT_ATTRS, [],],
+        ["div", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "generic language/style container",
+         HTML_FLOW, nil, HTML_ATTRS, ALIGN_ATTR, [],],
+        ["dl", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "definition list ",
+         DL_CONTENTS, "dd", HTML_ATTRS, COMPACT_ATTR, [],],
+        ["dt", false, true, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "definition term ",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["em", false, true, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "emphasis",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["embed", false, true, false, false, true, :loose, true,
+         "generic embedded object ",
+         EMPTY, nil, EMBED_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["fieldset", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "form control group ",
+         FIELDSET_CONTENTS, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["font", false, true, false, false, true, :loose, true,
+         "local change to font ",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, [], FONT_ATTRS, [],],
+        ["form", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "interactive form ",
+         FORM_CONTENTS, "fieldset", FORM_ATTRS, TARGET_ATTR, ACTION_ATTR,],
+        ["frame", false, true, true, true, false, :frameset, false,
+         "subwindow ",
+         EMPTY, nil, [], FRAME_ATTRS, [],],
+        ["frameset", false, false, false, false, false, :frameset, false,
+         "window subdivision",
+         FRAMESET_CONTENTS, "noframes", [], FRAMESET_ATTRS, [],],
+        ["htrue", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "heading ",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, ALIGN_ATTR, [],],
+        ["htrue", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "heading ",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, ALIGN_ATTR, [],],
+        ["htrue", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "heading ",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, ALIGN_ATTR, [],],
+        ["h4", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "heading ",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, ALIGN_ATTR, [],],
+        ["h5", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "heading ",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, ALIGN_ATTR, [],],
+        ["h6", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "heading ",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, ALIGN_ATTR, [],],
+        ["head", true, true, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "document head ",
+         HEAD_CONTENTS, nil, HEAD_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["hr", false, true, true, true, false, :any, false,
+         "horizontal rule ",
+         EMPTY, nil, HTML_ATTRS, HR_DEPR, [],],
+        ["html", true, true, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "document root element ",
+         HTML_CONTENT, nil, I18N_ATTRS, VERSION_ATTR, [],],
+        ["i", false, true, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "italic text style",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["iframe", false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "inline subwindow ",
+         HTML_FLOW, nil, [], IFRAME_ATTRS, [],],
+        ["img", false, true, true, true, false, :any, true,
+         "embedded image ",
+         EMPTY, nil, IMG_ATTRS, ALIGN_ATTR, SRC_ALT_ATTRS,],
+        ["input", false, true, true, true, false, :any, true,
+         "form control ",
+         EMPTY, nil, INPUT_ATTRS, ALIGN_ATTR, [],],
+        ["ins", false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "inserted text",
+         HTML_FLOW, nil, EDIT_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["isindex", false, true, true, true, true, :loose, false,
+         "single line prompt ",
+         EMPTY, nil, [], PROMPT_ATTRS, [],],
+        ["kbd", false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "text to be entered by the user",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["label", false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "form field label text ",
+         [HTML_INLINE, MODIFIER], nil, LABEL_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["legend", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "fieldset legend ",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, LEGEND_ATTRS, ALIGN_ATTR, [],],
+        ["li", false, true, true, false, false, :any, false,
+         "list item ",
+         HTML_FLOW, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["link", false, true, true, true, false, :any, false,
+         "a media-independent link ",
+         EMPTY, nil, LINK_ATTRS, TARGET_ATTR, [],],
+        ["map", false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "client-side image map ",
+         MAP_CONTENTS, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], NAME_ATTR,],
+        ["menu", false, false, false, false, true, :loose, false,
+         "menu list ",
+         BLOCKLI_ELT, nil, [], COMPACT_ATTRS, [],],
+        ["meta", false, true, true, true, false, :any, false,
+         "generic metainformation ",
+         EMPTY, nil, META_ATTRS, [], CONTENT_ATTR,],
+        ["noframes", false, false, false, false, false, :frameset, false,
+         "alternate content container for non frame-based rendering ",
+         NOFRAMES_CONTENT, "body", HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["noscript", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "alternate content container for non script-based rendering ",
+         HTML_FLOW, "div", HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["object", false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "generic embedded object ",
+         OBJECT_CONTENTS, "div", OBJECT_ATTRS, OBJECT_DEPR, [],],
+        ["ol", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "ordered list ",
+         LI_ELT, "li", HTML_ATTRS, OL_ATTRS, [],],
+        ["optgroup", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "option group ",
+         OPTION_ELT, "option", OPTGROUP_ATTRS, [], LABEL_ATTR,],
+        ["option", false, true, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "selectable choice ",
+         HTML_PCDATA, nil, OPTION_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["p", false, true, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "paragraph ",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, ALIGN_ATTR, [],],
+        ["param", false, true, true, true, false, :any, false,
+         "named property value ",
+         EMPTY, nil, PARAM_ATTRS, [], NAME_ATTR,],
+        ["pre", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "preformatted text ",
+         PRE_CONTENT, nil, HTML_ATTRS, WIDTH_ATTR, [],],
+        ["q", false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "short inline quotation ",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, QUOTE_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["s", false, true, false, false, true, :loose, true,
+         "strike-through text style",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, [], HTML_ATTRS, [],],
+        ["samp", false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "sample program output, scripts, etc.",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["script", false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "script statements ",
+         HTML_CDATA, nil, SCRIPT_ATTRS, LANGUAGE_ATTR, TYPE_ATTR,],
+        ["select", false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "option selector ",
+         SELECT_CONTENT, nil, SELECT_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["small", false, true, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "small text style",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["span", false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "generic language/style container ",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["strike", false, true, false, false, true, :loose, true,
+         "strike-through text",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, [], HTML_ATTRS, [],],
+        ["strong", false, true, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "strong emphasis",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["style", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "style info ",
+         HTML_CDATA, nil, STYLE_ATTRS, [], TYPE_ATTR,],
+        ["sub", false, true, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "subscript",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["sup", false, true, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "superscript ",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["table", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "",
+         TABLE_CONTENTS, "tr", TABLE_ATTRS, TABLE_DEPR, [],],
+        ["tbody", true, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "table body ",
+         TR_ELT, "tr", TALIGN_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["td", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "table data cell",
+         HTML_FLOW, nil, TH_TD_ATTR, TH_TD_DEPR, [],],
+        ["textarea", false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "multi-line text field ",
+         HTML_PCDATA, nil, TEXTAREA_ATTRS, [], ROWS_COLS_ATTR,],
+        ["tfoot", false, true, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "table footer ",
+         TR_ELT, "tr", TALIGN_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["th", false, true, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "table header cell",
+         HTML_FLOW, nil, TH_TD_ATTR, TH_TD_DEPR, [],],
+        ["thead", false, true, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "table header ",
+         TR_ELT, "tr", TALIGN_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["title", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "document title ",
+         HTML_PCDATA, nil, I18N_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["tr", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "table row ",
+         TR_CONTENTS, "td", TALIGN_ATTRS, BGCOLOR_ATTR, [],],
+        ["tt", false, true, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "teletype or monospaced text style",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+        ["u", false, true, false, false, true, :loose, true,
+         "underlined text style",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, [], HTML_ATTRS, [],],
+        ["ul", false, false, false, false, false, :any, false,
+         "unordered list ",
+         LI_ELT, "li", HTML_ATTRS, UL_DEPR, [],],
+        ["var", false, false, false, false, false, :any, true,
+         "instance of a variable or program argument",
+         HTML_INLINE, nil, HTML_ATTRS, [], [],],
+      ].each do |descriptor|
+        name = descriptor[0]
+
+        begin
+          d = Desc.new(*descriptor)
+
+          # flatten all the attribute lists (Ruby1.9, *[a,b,c] can be
+          # used to flatten a literal list, but not in Ruby1.8).
+          d[:subelts] = d[:subelts].flatten
+          d[:attrs_opt] = d[:attrs_opt].flatten
+          d[:attrs_depr] = d[:attrs_depr].flatten
+          d[:attrs_req] = d[:attrs_req].flatten
+        rescue => e
+          p(name)
+          raise e
+        end
+
+        DefaultDescriptions[name] = d
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/html/entity_lookup.rb b/lib/nokogiri/html4/entity_lookup.rb
similarity index 88%
rename from lib/nokogiri/html/entity_lookup.rb
rename to lib/nokogiri/html4/entity_lookup.rb
index bc66e41afe..cc6934030f 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/html/entity_lookup.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/html4/entity_lookup.rb
@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
-  module HTML
+  module HTML4
     class EntityDescription < Struct.new(:value, :name, :description); end
 
     class EntityLookup
       ###
       # Look up entity with +name+
-      def [] name
+      def [](name)
         (val = get(name)) && val.value
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/html/sax/parser.rb b/lib/nokogiri/html4/sax/parser.rb
similarity index 71%
rename from lib/nokogiri/html/sax/parser.rb
rename to lib/nokogiri/html4/sax/parser.rb
index 16853e6957..1f8c03af6c 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/html/sax/parser.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/html4/sax/parser.rb
@@ -1,18 +1,16 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
-  module HTML
+  module HTML4
     ###
-    # Nokogiri lets you write a SAX parser to process HTML but get HTML
-    # correction features.
+    # Nokogiri lets you write a SAX parser to process HTML but get HTML correction features.
     #
-    # See Nokogiri::HTML::SAX::Parser for a basic example of using a
-    # SAX parser with HTML.
+    # See Nokogiri::HTML4::SAX::Parser for a basic example of using a SAX parser with HTML.
     #
     # For more information on SAX parsers, see Nokogiri::XML::SAX
     module SAX
       ###
-      # This class lets you perform SAX style parsing on HTML with HTML
-      # error correction.
+      # This class lets you perform SAX style parsing on HTML with HTML error correction.
       #
       # Here is a basic usage example:
       #
@@ -22,40 +20,42 @@ module SAX
       #     end
       #   end
       #
-      #   parser = Nokogiri::HTML::SAX::Parser.new(MyDoc.new)
+      #   parser = Nokogiri::HTML4::SAX::Parser.new(MyDoc.new)
       #   parser.parse(File.read(ARGV[0], mode: 'rb'))
       #
       # For more information on SAX parsers, see Nokogiri::XML::SAX
       class Parser < Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser
         ###
         # Parse html stored in +data+ using +encoding+
-        def parse_memory data, encoding = 'UTF-8'
-          raise ArgumentError unless data
-          return unless data.length > 0
+        def parse_memory(data, encoding = "UTF-8")
+          raise TypeError unless String === data
+          return if data.empty?
+
           ctx = ParserContext.memory(data, encoding)
           yield ctx if block_given?
-          ctx.parse_with self
+          ctx.parse_with(self)
         end
 
         ###
         # Parse given +io+
-        def parse_io io, encoding = 'UTF-8'
+        def parse_io(io, encoding = "UTF-8")
           check_encoding(encoding)
           @encoding = encoding
           ctx = ParserContext.io(io, ENCODINGS[encoding])
           yield ctx if block_given?
-          ctx.parse_with self
+          ctx.parse_with(self)
         end
 
         ###
         # Parse a file with +filename+
-        def parse_file filename, encoding = 'UTF-8'
+        def parse_file(filename, encoding = "UTF-8")
           raise ArgumentError unless filename
           raise Errno::ENOENT unless File.exist?(filename)
           raise Errno::EISDIR if File.directory?(filename)
+
           ctx = ParserContext.file(filename, encoding)
           yield ctx if block_given?
-          ctx.parse_with self
+          ctx.parse_with(self)
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/html4/sax/parser_context.rb b/lib/nokogiri/html4/sax/parser_context.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..00240f2489
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/html4/sax/parser_context.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Nokogiri
+  module HTML4
+    module SAX
+      ###
+      # Context for HTML SAX parsers. This class is usually not instantiated by the user. Instead,
+      # you should be looking at Nokogiri::HTML4::SAX::Parser
+      class ParserContext < Nokogiri::XML::SAX::ParserContext
+        def self.new(thing, encoding = "UTF-8")
+          if [:read, :close].all? { |x| thing.respond_to?(x) }
+            super
+          else
+            memory(thing, encoding)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/html/sax/push_parser.rb b/lib/nokogiri/html4/sax/push_parser.rb
similarity index 60%
rename from lib/nokogiri/html/sax/push_parser.rb
rename to lib/nokogiri/html4/sax/push_parser.rb
index 6054e00a27..d77b785ac1 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/html/sax/push_parser.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/html4/sax/push_parser.rb
@@ -1,35 +1,35 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
-  module HTML
+  module HTML4
     module SAX
       class PushParser
-        
-        # The Nokogiri::HTML::SAX::Document on which the PushParser will be
+        # The Nokogiri::HTML4::SAX::Document on which the PushParser will be
         # operating
         attr_accessor :document
-        
-        def initialize(doc = HTML::SAX::Document.new, file_name = nil, encoding = 'UTF-8')
+
+        def initialize(doc = HTML4::SAX::Document.new, file_name = nil, encoding = "UTF-8")
           @document = doc
           @encoding = encoding
-          @sax_parser = HTML::SAX::Parser.new(doc, @encoding)
+          @sax_parser = HTML4::SAX::Parser.new(doc, @encoding)
 
           ## Create our push parser context
           initialize_native(@sax_parser, file_name, encoding)
         end
-        
+
         ###
         # Write a +chunk+ of HTML to the PushParser.  Any callback methods
         # that can be called will be called immediately.
-        def write chunk, last_chunk = false
+        def write(chunk, last_chunk = false)
           native_write(chunk, last_chunk)
         end
-        alias :<< :write
+        alias_method :<<, :write
 
         ###
         # Finish the parsing.  This method is only necessary for
-        # Nokogiri::HTML::SAX::Document#end_document to be called.
+        # Nokogiri::HTML4::SAX::Document#end_document to be called.
         def finish
-          write '', true
+          write("", true)
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/html5.rb b/lib/nokogiri/html5.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..43d426458b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/html5.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,478 @@
+# coding: utf-8
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+#
+#  Copyright 2013-2021 Sam Ruby, Stephen Checkoway
+#
+#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  limitations under the License.
+#
+
+require_relative "html5/document"
+require_relative "html5/document_fragment"
+require_relative "html5/node"
+
+module Nokogiri
+  # Since v1.12.0
+  #
+  # ⚠ HTML5 functionality is not available when running JRuby.
+  #
+  # Parse an HTML5 document. Convenience method for {Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.parse}
+  def self.HTML5(input, url = nil, encoding = nil, **options, &block)
+    Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.parse(input, url, encoding, **options, &block)
+  end
+
+  # == Usage
+  #
+  # ⚠ HTML5 functionality is not available when running JRuby.
+  #
+  # Parse an HTML5 document:
+  #
+  #   doc = Nokogiri.HTML5(string)
+  #
+  # Parse an HTML5 fragment:
+  #
+  #   fragment = Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(string)
+  #
+  # == Parsing options
+  #
+  # The document and fragment parsing methods support options that are different from Nokogiri's.
+  #
+  # - <tt>Nokogiri.HTML5(html, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = {})</tt>
+  # - <tt>Nokogiri::HTML5.parse(html, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = {})</tt>
+  # - <tt>Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.parse(html, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = {})</tt>
+  # - <tt>Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(html, encoding = nil, options = {})</tt>
+  # - <tt>Nokogiri::HTML5::DocumentFragment.parse(html, encoding = nil, options = {})</tt>
+  #
+  # The three currently supported options are +:max_errors+, +:max_tree_depth+ and
+  # +:max_attributes+, described below.
+  #
+  # === Error reporting
+  #
+  # Nokogiri contains an experimental HTML5 parse error reporting facility. By default, no parse
+  # errors are reported but this can be configured by passing the +:max_errors+ option to
+  # {HTML5.parse} or {HTML5.fragment}.
+  #
+  # For example, this script:
+  #
+  #   doc = Nokogiri::HTML5.parse('<span/>Hi there!</span foo=bar />', max_errors: 10)
+  #   doc.errors.each do |err|
+  #     puts(err)
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Emits:
+  #
+  #   1:1: ERROR: Expected a doctype token
+  #   <span/>Hi there!</span foo=bar />
+  #   ^
+  #   1:1: ERROR: Start tag of nonvoid HTML element ends with '/>', use '>'.
+  #   <span/>Hi there!</span foo=bar />
+  #   ^
+  #   1:17: ERROR: End tag ends with '/>', use '>'.
+  #   <span/>Hi there!</span foo=bar />
+  #                   ^
+  #   1:17: ERROR: End tag contains attributes.
+  #   <span/>Hi there!</span foo=bar />
+  #                   ^
+  #
+  # Using <tt>max_errors: -1</tt> results in an unlimited number of errors being returned.
+  #
+  # The errors returned by {HTML5::Document#errors} are instances of {Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError}.
+  #
+  # The {https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parse-errors HTML standard} defines a
+  # number of standard parse error codes. These error codes only cover the "tokenization" stage of
+  # parsing HTML. The parse errors in the "tree construction" stage do not have standardized error
+  # codes (yet).
+  #
+  # As a convenience to Nokogiri users, the defined error codes are available via
+  # {Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError#str1} method.
+  #
+  #   doc = Nokogiri::HTML5.parse('<span/>Hi there!</span foo=bar />', max_errors: 10)
+  #   doc.errors.each do |err|
+  #     puts("#{err.line}:#{err.column}: #{err.str1}")
+  #   end
+  #   # => 1:1: generic-parser
+  #   #    1:1: non-void-html-element-start-tag-with-trailing-solidus
+  #   #    1:17: end-tag-with-trailing-solidus
+  #   #    1:17: end-tag-with-attributes
+  #
+  # Note that the first error is +generic-parser+ because it's an error from the tree construction
+  # stage and doesn't have a standardized error code.
+  #
+  # For the purposes of semantic versioning, the error messages, error locations, and error codes
+  # are not part of Nokogiri's public API. That is, these are subject to change without Nokogiri's
+  # major version number changing. These may be stabilized in the future.
+  #
+  # === Maximum tree depth
+  #
+  # The maximum depth of the DOM tree parsed by the various parsing methods is configurable by the
+  # +:max_tree_depth+ option. If the depth of the tree would exceed this limit, then an
+  # {::ArgumentError} is thrown.
+  #
+  # This limit (which defaults to <tt>Nokogiri::Gumbo::DEFAULT_MAX_TREE_DEPTH = 400</tt>) can be
+  # removed by giving the option <tt>max_tree_depth: -1</tt>.
+  #
+  #   html = '<!DOCTYPE html>' + '<div>' * 1000
+  #   doc = Nokogiri.HTML5(html)
+  #   # raises ArgumentError: Document tree depth limit exceeded
+  #   doc = Nokogiri.HTML5(html, max_tree_depth: -1)
+  #
+  # === Attribute limit per element
+  #
+  # The maximum number of attributes per DOM element is configurable by the +:max_attributes+
+  # option. If a given element would exceed this limit, then an {::ArgumentError} is thrown.
+  #
+  # This limit (which defaults to <tt>Nokogiri::Gumbo::DEFAULT_MAX_ATTRIBUTES = 400</tt>) can be
+  # removed by giving the option <tt>max_attributes: -1</tt>.
+  #
+  #   html = '<!DOCTYPE html><div ' + (1..1000).map { |x| "attr-#{x}" }.join(' ') + '>'
+  #   # "<!DOCTYPE html><div attr-1 attr-2 attr-3 ... attr-1000>"
+  #   doc = Nokogiri.HTML5(html)
+  #   # raises ArgumentError: Attributes per element limit exceeded
+  #   doc = Nokogiri.HTML5(html, max_attributes: -1)
+  #
+  # == HTML Serialization
+  #
+  # After parsing HTML, it may be serialized using any of the {Nokogiri::XML::Node} serialization
+  # methods. In particular, {XML::Node#serialize}, {XML::Node#to_html}, and {XML::Node#to_s} will
+  # serialize a given node and its children. (This is the equivalent of JavaScript's
+  # +Element.outerHTML+.) Similarly, {XML::Node#inner_html} will serialize the children of a given
+  # node. (This is the equivalent of JavaScript's +Element.innerHTML+.)
+  #
+  #   doc = Nokogiri::HTML5("<!DOCTYPE html><span>Hello world!</span>")
+  #   puts doc.serialize
+  #   # => <!DOCTYPE html><html><head></head><body><span>Hello world!</span></body></html>
+  #
+  # Due to quirks in how HTML is parsed and serialized, it's possible for a DOM tree to be
+  # serialized and then re-parsed, resulting in a different DOM.  Mostly, this happens with DOMs
+  # produced from invalid HTML. Unfortunately, even valid HTML may not survive serialization and
+  # re-parsing.
+  #
+  # In particular, a newline at the start of +pre+, +listing+, and +textarea+ elements is ignored by
+  # the parser.
+  #
+  #   doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(<<-EOF)
+  #   <!DOCTYPE html>
+  #   <pre>
+  #   Content</pre>
+  #   EOF
+  #   puts doc.at('/html/body/pre').serialize
+  #   # => <pre>Content</pre>
+  #
+  # In this case, the original HTML is semantically equivalent to the serialized version. If the
+  # +pre+, +listing+, or +textarea+ content starts with two newlines, the first newline will be
+  # stripped on the first parse and the second newline will be stripped on the second, leading to
+  # semantically different DOMs. Passing the parameter <tt>preserve_newline: true</tt> will cause
+  # two or more newlines to be preserved. (A single leading newline will still be removed.)
+  #
+  #   doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(<<-EOF)
+  #   <!DOCTYPE html>
+  #   <listing>
+  #
+  #   Content</listing>
+  #   EOF
+  #   puts doc.at('/html/body/listing').serialize(preserve_newline: true)
+  #   # => <listing>
+  #   #
+  #   #    Content</listing>
+  #
+  # == Encodings
+  #
+  # Nokogiri always parses HTML5 using {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8 UTF-8}; however, the
+  # encoding of the input can be explicitly selected via the optional +encoding+ parameter. This is
+  # most useful when the input comes not from a string but from an IO object.
+  #
+  # When serializing a document or node, the encoding of the output string can be specified via the
+  # +:encoding+ options. Characters that cannot be encoded in the selected encoding will be encoded
+  # as {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_XML_and_HTML_character_entity_references HTML numeric
+  # entities}.
+  #
+  #   frag = Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment('<span>아는 길도 물어가라</span>')
+  #   html = frag.serialize(encoding: 'US-ASCII')
+  #   puts html
+  #   # => <span>&#xc544;&#xb294; &#xae38;&#xb3c4; &#xbb3c;&#xc5b4;&#xac00;&#xb77c;</span>
+  #   frag = Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(html)
+  #   puts frag.serialize
+  #   # => <span>아는 길도 물어가라</span>
+  #
+  # (There's a {https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/15033 bug} in all current versions of Ruby that
+  # can cause the entity encoding to fail. Of the mandated supported encodings for HTML, the only
+  # encoding I'm aware of that has this bug is <tt>'ISO-2022-JP'</tt>. We recommend avoiding this
+  # encoding.)
+  #
+  # == Notes
+  #
+  # * The {Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment} function takes a string and parses it
+  #   as a HTML5 document.  The +<html>+, +<head>+, and +<body>+ elements are
+  #   removed from this document, and any children of these elements that remain
+  #   are returned as a {Nokogiri::HTML5::DocumentFragment}.
+  #
+  # * The {Nokogiri::HTML5.parse} function takes a string and passes it to the
+  #   <code>gumbo_parse_with_options</code> method, using the default options.
+  #   The resulting Gumbo parse tree is then walked.
+  #
+  # * Instead of uppercase element names, lowercase element names are produced.
+  #
+  # * Instead of returning +unknown+ as the element name for unknown tags, the
+  #   original tag name is returned verbatim.
+  #
+  # Since v1.12.0
+  module HTML5
+    # HTML uses the XHTML namespace.
+    HTML_NAMESPACE = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
+    MATHML_NAMESPACE = "http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"
+    SVG_NAMESPACE = "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+    XLINK_NAMESPACE = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
+    XML_NAMESPACE = "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
+    XMLNS_NAMESPACE = "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/"
+
+    # Parse an HTML 5 document. Convenience method for {Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.parse}
+    def self.parse(string, url = nil, encoding = nil, **options, &block)
+      Document.parse(string, url, encoding, **options, &block)
+    end
+
+    # Parse a fragment from +string+. Convenience method for
+    # {Nokogiri::HTML5::DocumentFragment.parse}.
+    def self.fragment(string, encoding = nil, **options)
+      DocumentFragment.parse(string, encoding, options)
+    end
+
+    # Fetch and parse a HTML document from the web, following redirects,
+    # handling https, and determining the character encoding using HTML5
+    # rules.  +uri+ may be a +String+ or a +URI+.  +options+ contains
+    # http headers and special options.  Everything which is not a
+    # special option is considered a header.  Special options include:
+    #  * :follow_limit => number of redirects which are followed
+    #  * :basic_auth => [username, password]
+    def self.get(uri, options = {})
+      # TODO: deprecate
+      warn("Nokogiri::HTML5.get is deprecated and will be removed in a future version of Nokogiri.",
+        uplevel: 1, category: :deprecated)
+      get_impl(uri, options)
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def self.get_impl(uri, options = {})
+      headers = options.clone
+      headers = { follow_limit: headers } if Numeric === headers # deprecated
+      limit = headers[:follow_limit] ? headers.delete(:follow_limit).to_i : 10
+
+      require "net/http"
+      uri = URI(uri) unless URI === uri
+
+      http = Net::HTTP.new(uri.host, uri.port)
+
+      # TLS / SSL support
+      http.use_ssl = true if uri.scheme == "https"
+
+      # Pass through Net::HTTP override values, which currently include:
+      #   :ca_file, :ca_path, :cert, :cert_store, :ciphers,
+      #   :close_on_empty_response, :continue_timeout, :key, :open_timeout,
+      #   :read_timeout, :ssl_timeout, :ssl_version, :use_ssl,
+      #   :verify_callback, :verify_depth, :verify_mode
+      options.each do |key, _value|
+        http.send("#{key}=", headers.delete(key)) if http.respond_to?("#{key}=")
+      end
+
+      request = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri.request_uri)
+
+      # basic authentication
+      auth = headers.delete(:basic_auth)
+      auth ||= [uri.user, uri.password] if uri.user && uri.password
+      request.basic_auth(auth.first, auth.last) if auth
+
+      # remaining options are treated as headers
+      headers.each { |key, value| request[key.to_s] = value.to_s }
+
+      response = http.request(request)
+
+      case response
+      when Net::HTTPSuccess
+        doc = parse(reencode(response.body, response["content-type"]), options)
+        doc.instance_variable_set("@response", response)
+        doc.class.send(:attr_reader, :response)
+        doc
+      when Net::HTTPRedirection
+        response.value if limit <= 1
+        location = URI.join(uri, response["location"])
+        get_impl(location, options.merge(follow_limit: limit - 1))
+      else
+        response.value
+      end
+    end
+
+    def self.read_and_encode(string, encoding)
+      # Read the string with the given encoding.
+      if string.respond_to?(:read)
+        string = if encoding.nil?
+          string.read
+        else
+          string.read(encoding: encoding)
+        end
+      else
+        # Otherwise the string has the given encoding.
+        string = string.to_s
+        if encoding
+          string = string.dup
+          string.force_encoding(encoding)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # convert to UTF-8
+      if string.encoding != Encoding::UTF_8
+        string = reencode(string)
+      end
+      string
+    end
+
+    # Charset sniffing is a complex and controversial topic that understandably isn't done _by
+    # default_ by the Ruby Net::HTTP library.  This being said, it is a very real problem for
+    # consumers of HTML as the default for HTML is iso-8859-1, most "good" producers use utf-8, and
+    # the Gumbo parser *only* supports utf-8.
+    #
+    # Accordingly, Nokogiri::HTML4::Document.parse provides limited encoding detection.  Following
+    # this lead, Nokogiri::HTML5 attempts to do likewise, while attempting to more closely follow
+    # the HTML5 standard.
+    #
+    # http://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/2567
+    # http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/syntax.html#determining-the-character-encoding
+    #
+    def self.reencode(body, content_type = nil)
+      if body.encoding == Encoding::ASCII_8BIT
+        encoding = nil
+
+        # look for a Byte Order Mark (BOM)
+        initial_bytes = body[0..2].bytes
+        if initial_bytes[0..2] == [0xEF, 0xBB, 0xBF]
+          encoding = Encoding::UTF_8
+        elsif initial_bytes[0..1] == [0xFE, 0xFF]
+          encoding = Encoding::UTF_16BE
+        elsif initial_bytes[0..1] == [0xFF, 0xFE]
+          encoding = Encoding::UTF_16LE
+        end
+
+        # look for a charset in a content-encoding header
+        if content_type
+          encoding ||= content_type[/charset=["']?(.*?)($|["';\s])/i, 1]
+        end
+
+        # look for a charset in a meta tag in the first 1024 bytes
+        unless encoding
+          data = body[0..1023].gsub(/<!--.*?(-->|\Z)/m, "")
+          data.scan(/<meta.*?>/m).each do |meta|
+            encoding ||= meta[/charset=["']?([^>]*?)($|["'\s>])/im, 1]
+          end
+        end
+
+        # if all else fails, default to the official default encoding for HTML
+        encoding ||= Encoding::ISO_8859_1
+
+        # change the encoding to match the detected or inferred encoding
+        body = body.dup
+        begin
+          body.force_encoding(encoding)
+        rescue ArgumentError
+          body.force_encoding(Encoding::ISO_8859_1)
+        end
+      end
+
+      body.encode(Encoding::UTF_8)
+    end
+
+    def self.serialize_node_internal(current_node, io, encoding, options)
+      case current_node.type
+      when XML::Node::ELEMENT_NODE
+        ns = current_node.namespace
+        ns_uri = ns.nil? ? nil : ns.href
+        # XXX(sfc): attach namespaces to all nodes, even html?
+        tagname = if ns_uri.nil? || ns_uri == HTML_NAMESPACE || ns_uri == MATHML_NAMESPACE || ns_uri == SVG_NAMESPACE
+          current_node.name
+        else
+          "#{ns.prefix}:#{current_node.name}"
+        end
+        io << "<" << tagname
+        current_node.attribute_nodes.each do |attr|
+          attr_ns = attr.namespace
+          if attr_ns.nil?
+            attr_name = attr.name
+          else
+            ns_uri = attr_ns.href
+            attr_name = if ns_uri == XML_NAMESPACE
+              "xml:" + attr.name.sub(/^[^:]*:/, "")
+            elsif ns_uri == XMLNS_NAMESPACE && attr.name.sub(/^[^:]*:/, "") == "xmlns"
+              "xmlns"
+            elsif ns_uri == XMLNS_NAMESPACE
+              "xmlns:" + attr.name.sub(/^[^:]*:/, "")
+            elsif ns_uri == XLINK_NAMESPACE
+              "xlink:" + attr.name.sub(/^[^:]*:/, "")
+            else
+              "#{attr_ns.prefix}:#{attr.name}"
+            end
+          end
+          io << " " << attr_name << '="' << escape_text(attr.content, encoding, true) << '"'
+        end
+        io << ">"
+        unless ["area", "base", "basefont", "bgsound", "br", "col", "embed", "frame", "hr", "img", "input", "keygen", "link", "meta", "param", "source", "track", "wbr"].include?(current_node.name)
+          io << "\n" if options[:preserve_newline] && prepend_newline?(current_node)
+          current_node.children.each do |child|
+            # XXX(sfc): Templates handled specially?
+            serialize_node_internal(child, io, encoding, options)
+          end
+          io << "</" << tagname << ">"
+        end
+      when XML::Node::TEXT_NODE
+        parent = current_node.parent
+        io << if parent.element? && ["style", "script", "xmp", "iframe", "noembed", "noframes", "plaintext", "noscript"].include?(parent.name)
+          current_node.content
+        else
+          escape_text(current_node.content, encoding, false)
+        end
+      when XML::Node::CDATA_SECTION_NODE
+        io << "<![CDATA[" << current_node.content << "]]>"
+      when XML::Node::COMMENT_NODE
+        io << "<!--" << current_node.content << "-->"
+      when XML::Node::PI_NODE
+        io << "<?" << current_node.content << ">"
+      when XML::Node::DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE, XML::Node::DTD_NODE
+        io << "<!DOCTYPE " << current_node.name << ">"
+      when XML::Node::HTML_DOCUMENT_NODE, XML::Node::DOCUMENT_FRAG_NODE
+        current_node.children.each do |child|
+          serialize_node_internal(child, io, encoding, options)
+        end
+      else
+        raise "Unexpected node '#{current_node.name}' of type #{current_node.type}"
+      end
+    end
+
+    def self.escape_text(text, encoding, attribute_mode)
+      text = if attribute_mode
+        text.gsub(/[&\u00a0"]/,
+          "&" => "&amp;", "\u00a0" => "&nbsp;", '"' => "&quot;")
+      else
+        text.gsub(/[&\u00a0<>]/,
+          "&" => "&amp;", "\u00a0" => "&nbsp;", "<" => "&lt;", ">" => "&gt;")
+      end
+      # Not part of the standard
+      text.encode(encoding, fallback: lambda { |c| "&\#x#{c.ord.to_s(16)};" })
+    end
+
+    def self.prepend_newline?(node)
+      return false unless ["pre", "textarea", "listing"].include?(node.name) && !node.children.empty?
+
+      first_child = node.children[0]
+      first_child.text? && first_child.content.start_with?("\n")
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+require_relative "gumbo"
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/html5/document.rb b/lib/nokogiri/html5/document.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2bc1ca9a95
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/html5/document.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+# coding: utf-8
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+#
+#  Copyright 2013-2021 Sam Ruby, Stephen Checkoway
+#
+#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  limitations under the License.
+#
+
+require_relative "../html4/document"
+
+module Nokogiri
+  module HTML5
+    # Since v1.12.0
+    #
+    # 💡 HTML5 functionality is not available when running JRuby.
+    class Document < Nokogiri::HTML4::Document
+      def self.parse(string_or_io, url = nil, encoding = nil, **options, &block)
+        yield options if block
+        string_or_io = "" unless string_or_io
+
+        if string_or_io.respond_to?(:encoding) && string_or_io.encoding.name != "ASCII-8BIT"
+          encoding ||= string_or_io.encoding.name
+        end
+
+        if string_or_io.respond_to?(:read) && string_or_io.respond_to?(:path)
+          url ||= string_or_io.path
+        end
+        unless string_or_io.respond_to?(:read) || string_or_io.respond_to?(:to_str)
+          raise ArgumentError, "not a string or IO object"
+        end
+
+        do_parse(string_or_io, url, encoding, options)
+      end
+
+      def self.read_io(io, url = nil, encoding = nil, **options)
+        raise ArgumentError, "io object doesn't respond to :read" unless io.respond_to?(:read)
+
+        do_parse(io, url, encoding, options)
+      end
+
+      def self.read_memory(string, url = nil, encoding = nil, **options)
+        raise ArgumentError, "string object doesn't respond to :to_str" unless string.respond_to?(:to_str)
+
+        do_parse(string, url, encoding, options)
+      end
+
+      def fragment(tags = nil)
+        DocumentFragment.new(self, tags, root)
+      end
+
+      def to_xml(options = {}, &block)
+        # Bypass XML::Document#to_xml which doesn't add
+        # XML::Node::SaveOptions::AS_XML like XML::Node#to_xml does.
+        XML::Node.instance_method(:to_xml).bind(self).call(options, &block)
+      end
+
+      # :call-seq:
+      #   xpath_doctype() → Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::DoctypeConfig
+      #
+      # [Returns] The document type which determines CSS-to-XPath translation.
+      #
+      # See XPathVisitor for more information.
+      def xpath_doctype
+        Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::DoctypeConfig::HTML5
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def self.do_parse(string_or_io, url, encoding, options)
+        string = HTML5.read_and_encode(string_or_io, encoding)
+        max_attributes = options[:max_attributes] || Nokogiri::Gumbo::DEFAULT_MAX_ATTRIBUTES
+        max_errors = options[:max_errors] || options[:max_parse_errors] || Nokogiri::Gumbo::DEFAULT_MAX_ERRORS
+        max_depth = options[:max_tree_depth] || Nokogiri::Gumbo::DEFAULT_MAX_TREE_DEPTH
+        doc = Nokogiri::Gumbo.parse(string, url, max_attributes, max_errors, max_depth)
+        doc.encoding = "UTF-8"
+        doc
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/html5/document_fragment.rb b/lib/nokogiri/html5/document_fragment.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e2a7b5418b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/html5/document_fragment.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+# coding: utf-8
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+#
+#  Copyright 2013-2021 Sam Ruby, Stephen Checkoway
+#
+#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  limitations under the License.
+#
+
+require_relative "../html4/document_fragment"
+
+module Nokogiri
+  module HTML5
+    # Since v1.12.0
+    #
+    # 💡 HTML5 functionality is not available when running JRuby.
+    class DocumentFragment < Nokogiri::HTML4::DocumentFragment
+      attr_accessor :document
+      attr_accessor :errors
+
+      # Create a document fragment.
+      def initialize(doc, tags = nil, ctx = nil, options = {})
+        self.document = doc
+        self.errors = []
+        return self unless tags
+
+        max_attributes = options[:max_attributes] || Nokogiri::Gumbo::DEFAULT_MAX_ATTRIBUTES
+        max_errors = options[:max_errors] || Nokogiri::Gumbo::DEFAULT_MAX_ERRORS
+        max_depth = options[:max_tree_depth] || Nokogiri::Gumbo::DEFAULT_MAX_TREE_DEPTH
+        tags = Nokogiri::HTML5.read_and_encode(tags, nil)
+        Nokogiri::Gumbo.fragment(self, tags, ctx, max_attributes, max_errors, max_depth)
+      end
+
+      def serialize(options = {}, &block)
+        # Bypass XML::Document.serialize which doesn't support options even
+        # though XML::Node.serialize does!
+        XML::Node.instance_method(:serialize).bind(self).call(options, &block)
+      end
+
+      # Parse a document fragment from +tags+, returning a Nodeset.
+      def self.parse(tags, encoding = nil, options = {})
+        doc = HTML5::Document.new
+        tags = HTML5.read_and_encode(tags, encoding)
+        doc.encoding = "UTF-8"
+        new(doc, tags, nil, options)
+      end
+
+      def extract_params(params) # :nodoc:
+        handler = params.find do |param|
+          ![Hash, String, Symbol].include?(param.class)
+        end
+        params -= [handler] if handler
+
+        hashes = []
+        while Hash === params.last || params.last.nil?
+          hashes << params.pop
+          break if params.empty?
+        end
+        ns, binds = hashes.reverse
+
+        ns ||=
+          begin
+            ns = {}
+            children.each { |child| ns.merge!(child.namespaces) }
+            ns
+          end
+
+        [params, handler, ns, binds]
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+# vim: set shiftwidth=2 softtabstop=2 tabstop=8 expandtab:
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/html5/node.rb b/lib/nokogiri/html5/node.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ceacaf115a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/html5/node.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+# coding: utf-8
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+#
+#  Copyright 2013-2021 Sam Ruby, Stephen Checkoway
+#
+#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  limitations under the License.
+#
+
+require_relative "../xml/node"
+
+module Nokogiri
+  module HTML5
+    # Since v1.12.0
+    #
+    # 💡 HTML5 functionality is not available when running JRuby.
+    module Node
+      def inner_html(options = {})
+        return super(options) unless document.is_a?(HTML5::Document)
+
+        result = options[:preserve_newline] && HTML5.prepend_newline?(self) ? +"\n" : +""
+        result << children.map { |child| child.to_html(options) }.join
+        result
+      end
+
+      def write_to(io, *options)
+        return super(io, *options) unless document.is_a?(HTML5::Document)
+
+        options = options.first.is_a?(Hash) ? options.shift : {}
+        encoding = options[:encoding] || options[0]
+        if Nokogiri.jruby?
+          save_options = options[:save_with] || options[1]
+          indent_times = options[:indent] || 0
+        else
+          save_options = options[:save_with] || options[1] || XML::Node::SaveOptions::FORMAT
+          indent_times = options[:indent] || 2
+        end
+        indent_string = (options[:indent_text] || " ") * indent_times
+
+        config = XML::Node::SaveOptions.new(save_options.to_i)
+        yield config if block_given?
+
+        config_options = config.options
+        if config_options & (XML::Node::SaveOptions::AS_XML | XML::Node::SaveOptions::AS_XHTML) != 0
+          # Use Nokogiri's serializing code.
+          native_write_to(io, encoding, indent_string, config_options)
+        else
+          # Serialize including the current node.
+          encoding ||= document.encoding || Encoding::UTF_8
+          internal_ops = {
+            preserve_newline: options[:preserve_newline] || false,
+          }
+          HTML5.serialize_node_internal(self, io, encoding, internal_ops)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def fragment(tags)
+        return super(tags) unless document.is_a?(HTML5::Document)
+
+        DocumentFragment.new(document, tags, self)
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      # HTML elements can have attributes that contain colons.
+      # Nokogiri::XML::Node#[]= treats names with colons as a prefixed QName
+      # and tries to create an attribute in a namespace. This is especially
+      # annoying with attribute names like xml:lang since libxml2 will
+      # actually create the xml namespace if it doesn't exist already.
+      def add_child_node_and_reparent_attrs(node)
+        return super(node) unless document.is_a?(HTML5::Document)
+
+        # I'm not sure what this method is supposed to do. Reparenting
+        # namespaces is handled by libxml2, including child namespaces which
+        # this method wouldn't handle.
+        # https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1790
+        add_child_node(node)
+        # node.attribute_nodes.find_all { |a| a.namespace }.each do |attr|
+        #  attr.remove
+        #  ns = attr.namespace
+        #  a["#{ns.prefix}:#{attr.name}"] = attr.value
+        # end
+      end
+    end
+    # Monkey patch
+    XML::Node.prepend(HTML5::Node)
+  end
+end
+
+# vim: set shiftwidth=2 softtabstop=2 tabstop=8 expandtab:
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/jruby/dependencies.rb b/lib/nokogiri/jruby/dependencies.rb
index f54b25fa4d..50824552bb 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/jruby/dependencies.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/jruby/dependencies.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # The line below caused a problem on non-GAE rack environment.
 # unless defined?(JRuby::Rack::VERSION) || defined?(AppEngine::ApiProxy)
 #
@@ -8,13 +9,13 @@
 # should skip loading xml jars. This is because those are in WEB-INF/lib and
 # already set in the classpath.
 unless $LOAD_PATH.to_s.include?("appengine-rack")
-  require 'stringio'
-  require 'isorelax.jar'
-  require 'jing.jar'
-  require 'nekohtml.jar'
-  require 'nekodtd.jar'
-  require 'xercesImpl.jar'
-  require 'serializer.jar'
-  require 'xalan.jar'
-  require 'xml-apis.jar'
+  require "stringio"
+  require "isorelax.jar"
+  require "jing.jar"
+  require "nekohtml.jar"
+  require "nekodtd.jar"
+  require "xercesImpl.jar"
+  require "serializer.jar"
+  require "xalan.jar"
+  require "xml-apis.jar"
 end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/syntax_error.rb b/lib/nokogiri/syntax_error.rb
index ac0636f072..bd72a614ef 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/syntax_error.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/syntax_error.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   class SyntaxError < ::StandardError
   end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/version.rb b/lib/nokogiri/version.rb
index 1637b2ce51..a15eb3d59c 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/version.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/version.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "version/constant"
 require_relative "version/info"
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/version/constant.rb b/lib/nokogiri/version/constant.rb
index bb3e4ee505..d06e7a9534 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/version/constant.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/version/constant.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   # The version of Nokogiri you are using
-  VERSION = "1.11.3"
+  VERSION = "1.13.9"
 end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/version/info.rb b/lib/nokogiri/version/info.rb
index 1bfea42908..8470b2d268 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/version/info.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/version/info.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "singleton"
 require "shellwords"
 
@@ -52,6 +53,10 @@ def libxml2_has_iconv?
       defined?(Nokogiri::LIBXML_ICONV_ENABLED) && Nokogiri::LIBXML_ICONV_ENABLED
     end
 
+    def libxslt_has_datetime?
+      defined?(Nokogiri::LIBXSLT_DATETIME_ENABLED) && Nokogiri::LIBXSLT_DATETIME_ENABLED
+    end
+
     def libxml2_using_packaged?
       libxml2? && Nokogiri::PACKAGED_LIBRARIES
     end
@@ -98,8 +103,8 @@ def to_hash
             ldflags = []
 
             if libxml2_using_packaged?
-              cppflags << "-I#{File.join(header_directory, 'include').shellescape}"
-              cppflags << "-I#{File.join(header_directory, 'include/libxml2').shellescape}"
+              cppflags << "-I#{File.join(header_directory, "include").shellescape}"
+              cppflags << "-I#{File.join(header_directory, "include/libxml2").shellescape}"
 
               if windows?
                 # on windows, nokogumbo needs to link against nokogiri.so to resolve symbols. see #2167
@@ -137,6 +142,7 @@ def to_hash
             else
               libxml["source"] = "system"
             end
+            libxml["memory_management"] = Nokogiri::LIBXML_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT
             libxml["iconv_enabled"] = libxml2_has_iconv?
             libxml["compiled"] = compiled_libxml_version.to_s
             libxml["loaded"] = loaded_libxml_version.to_s
@@ -150,6 +156,7 @@ def to_hash
             else
               libxslt["source"] = "system"
             end
+            libxslt["datetime_enabled"] = libxslt_has_datetime?
             libxslt["compiled"] = compiled_libxslt_version.to_s
             libxslt["loaded"] = loaded_libxslt_version.to_s
           end
@@ -170,13 +177,9 @@ def to_hash
     end
 
     def to_markdown
-      begin
-        require "psych"
-      rescue LoadError
-      end
       require "yaml"
       "# Nokogiri (#{Nokogiri::VERSION})\n" +
-      YAML.dump(to_hash).each_line.map { |line| "    #{line}" }.join
+        YAML.dump(to_hash).each_line.map { |line| "    #{line}" }.join
     end
 
     instance.warnings.each do |warning|
@@ -184,22 +187,36 @@ def to_markdown
     end
   end
 
-  def self.uses_libxml?(requirement = nil) # :nodoc:
+  # :nodoc:
+  def self.uses_libxml?(requirement = nil)
     return false unless VersionInfo.instance.libxml2?
     return true unless requirement
+
     Gem::Requirement.new(requirement).satisfied_by?(VersionInfo.instance.loaded_libxml_version)
   end
 
-  def self.jruby? # :nodoc:
+  # :nodoc:
+  def self.uses_gumbo?
+    uses_libxml? # TODO: replace with Gumbo functionality
+  end
+
+  # :nodoc:
+  def self.jruby?
     VersionInfo.instance.jruby?
   end
 
-  # Ensure constants used in this file are loaded - see #1896
-  if Nokogiri.jruby?
-    require "nokogiri/jruby/dependencies"
+  # :nodoc:
+  def self.libxml2_patches
+    if VersionInfo.instance.libxml2_using_packaged?
+      Nokogiri::VERSION_INFO["libxml"]["patches"]
+    else
+      []
+    end
   end
-  require "nokogiri/extension"
 
-  # More complete version information about libxml
+  require_relative "../jruby/dependencies" if Nokogiri.jruby?
+  require_relative "../extension"
+
+  # Detailed version info about Nokogiri and the installed extension dependencies.
   VERSION_INFO = VersionInfo.instance.to_hash
 end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml.rb
index 93a898b951..9d16fb1498 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml.rb
@@ -1,38 +1,10 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-require 'nokogiri/xml/pp'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/parse_options'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/sax'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/searchable'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/node'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/attribute_decl'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/element_decl'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/element_content'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/character_data'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/namespace'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/attr'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/dtd'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/cdata'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/text'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/document'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/document_fragment'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/processing_instruction'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/node_set'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/syntax_error'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/xpath'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/xpath_context'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/builder'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/reader'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/notation'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/entity_decl'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/entity_reference'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/schema'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/relax_ng'
 
 module Nokogiri
   class << self
     ###
     # Parse XML.  Convenience method for Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse
-    def XML thing, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_XML, &block
+    def XML(thing, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_XML, &block)
       Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse(thing, url, encoding, options, &block)
     end
   end
@@ -41,36 +13,64 @@ module XML
     # Original C14N 1.0 spec canonicalization
     XML_C14N_1_0 =       0
     # Exclusive C14N 1.0 spec canonicalization
-    XML_C14N_EXCLUSIVE_1_0 =     1
+    XML_C14N_EXCLUSIVE_1_0 = 1
     # C14N 1.1 spec canonicalization
     XML_C14N_1_1 = 2
     class << self
       ###
       # Parse an XML document using the Nokogiri::XML::Reader API.  See
       # Nokogiri::XML::Reader for mor information
-      def Reader string_or_io, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = ParseOptions::STRICT
-
+      def Reader(string_or_io, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = ParseOptions::STRICT)
         options = Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new(options) if Integer === options
-        # Give the options to the user
         yield options if block_given?
 
-        if string_or_io.respond_to? :read
+        if string_or_io.respond_to?(:read)
           return Reader.from_io(string_or_io, url, encoding, options.to_i)
         end
+
         Reader.from_memory(string_or_io, url, encoding, options.to_i)
       end
 
       ###
       # Parse XML.  Convenience method for Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse
-      def parse thing, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = ParseOptions::DEFAULT_XML, &block
+      def parse(thing, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = ParseOptions::DEFAULT_XML, &block)
         Document.parse(thing, url, encoding, options, &block)
       end
 
       ####
       # Parse a fragment from +string+ in to a NodeSet.
-      def fragment string
-        XML::DocumentFragment.parse(string)
+      def fragment(string, options = ParseOptions::DEFAULT_XML, &block)
+        XML::DocumentFragment.parse(string, options, &block)
       end
     end
   end
 end
+
+require_relative "xml/pp"
+require_relative "xml/parse_options"
+require_relative "xml/sax"
+require_relative "xml/searchable"
+require_relative "xml/node"
+require_relative "xml/attribute_decl"
+require_relative "xml/element_decl"
+require_relative "xml/element_content"
+require_relative "xml/character_data"
+require_relative "xml/namespace"
+require_relative "xml/attr"
+require_relative "xml/dtd"
+require_relative "xml/cdata"
+require_relative "xml/text"
+require_relative "xml/document"
+require_relative "xml/document_fragment"
+require_relative "xml/processing_instruction"
+require_relative "xml/node_set"
+require_relative "xml/syntax_error"
+require_relative "xml/xpath"
+require_relative "xml/xpath_context"
+require_relative "xml/builder"
+require_relative "xml/reader"
+require_relative "xml/notation"
+require_relative "xml/entity_decl"
+require_relative "xml/entity_reference"
+require_relative "xml/schema"
+require_relative "xml/relax_ng"
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/attr.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/attr.rb
index 612ad4cdfb..97e22d1803 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/attr.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/attr.rb
@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class Attr < Node
-      alias :value :content
-      alias :to_s :content
-      alias :content= :value=
+      alias_method :value, :content
+      alias_method :to_s, :content
+      alias_method :content=, :value=
 
       private
+
       def inspect_attributes
         [:name, :namespace, :value]
       end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/attribute_decl.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/attribute_decl.rb
index 934ce3ce93..142b3c983d 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/attribute_decl.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/attribute_decl.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     ###
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ class AttributeDecl < Nokogiri::XML::Node
       undef_method :line if method_defined?(:line)
 
       def inspect
-        "#<#{self.class.name}:#{sprintf("0x%x", object_id)} #{to_s.inspect}>"
+        "#<#{self.class.name}:#{format("0x%x", object_id)} #{to_s.inspect}>"
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/builder.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/builder.rb
index 1c7ed087fe..e828d2ffe2 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/builder.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/builder.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     ###
@@ -196,6 +197,41 @@ module XML
     #
     # Note the "foo:object" tag.
     #
+    # === Namespace inheritance
+    #
+    # In the Builder context, children will inherit their parent's namespace. This is the same
+    # behavior as if the underlying {XML::Document} set +namespace_inheritance+ to +true+:
+    #
+    #   result = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |xml|
+    #     xml["soapenv"].Envelope("xmlns:soapenv" => "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/") do
+    #       xml.Header
+    #     end
+    #   end
+    #   result.doc.to_xml
+    #   # => <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+    #   #    <soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
+    #   #      <soapenv:Header/>
+    #   #    </soapenv:Envelope>
+    #
+    # Users may turn this behavior off by passing a keyword argument +namespace_inheritance:false+
+    # to the initializer:
+    #
+    #   result = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new(namespace_inheritance: false) do |xml|
+    #     xml["soapenv"].Envelope("xmlns:soapenv" => "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/") do
+    #       xml.Header
+    #       xml["soapenv"].Body # users may explicitly opt into the namespace
+    #     end
+    #   end
+    #   result.doc.to_xml
+    #   # => <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+    #   #    <soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
+    #   #      <Header/>
+    #   #      <soapenv:Body/>
+    #   #    </soapenv:Envelope>
+    #
+    # For more information on namespace inheritance, please see {XML::Document#namespace_inheritance}
+    #
+    #
     # == Document Types
     #
     # To create a document type (DTD), access use the Builder#doc method to get
@@ -226,6 +262,10 @@ module XML
     #   </root>
     #
     class Builder
+      include Nokogiri::ClassResolver
+
+      DEFAULT_DOCUMENT_OPTIONS = { namespace_inheritance: true }
+
       # The current Document object being built
       attr_accessor :doc
 
@@ -269,24 +309,19 @@ def initialize(options = {}, root = nil, &block)
           @doc = root.document
           @parent = root
         else
-          klassname = "::" + (self.class.name.split("::")[0..-2] + ["Document"]).join("::")
-          klass = begin
-                    Object.const_get(klassname)
-                  rescue NameError
-                    Nokogiri::XML::Document
-                  end
-          @parent = @doc = klass.new
+          @parent = @doc = related_class("Document").new
         end
 
         @context = nil
         @arity = nil
         @ns = nil
 
+        options = DEFAULT_DOCUMENT_OPTIONS.merge(options)
         options.each do |k, v|
           @doc.send(:"#{k}=", v)
         end
 
-        return unless block_given?
+        return unless block
 
         @arity = block.arity
         if @arity <= 0
@@ -302,19 +337,19 @@ def initialize(options = {}, root = nil, &block)
       ###
       # Create a Text Node with content of +string+
       def text(string)
-        insert @doc.create_text_node(string)
+        insert(@doc.create_text_node(string))
       end
 
       ###
       # Create a CDATA Node with content of +string+
       def cdata(string)
-        insert doc.create_cdata(string)
+        insert(doc.create_cdata(string))
       end
 
       ###
       # Create a Comment Node with content of +string+
       def comment(string)
-        insert doc.create_comment(string)
+        insert(doc.create_comment(string))
       end
 
       ###
@@ -328,12 +363,13 @@ def [](ns)
 
         @parent.ancestors.each do |a|
           next if a == doc
+
           @ns = a.namespace_definitions.find { |x| x.prefix == ns.to_s }
           return self if @ns
         end
 
-        @ns = { :pending => ns.to_s }
-        return self
+        @ns = { pending: ns.to_s }
+        self
       end
 
       ###
@@ -341,7 +377,7 @@ def [](ns)
       def to_xml(*args)
         if Nokogiri.jruby?
           options = args.first.is_a?(Hash) ? args.shift : {}
-          if !options[:save_with]
+          unless options[:save_with]
             options[:save_with] = Node::SaveOptions::AS_BUILDER
           end
           args.insert(0, options)
@@ -356,22 +392,23 @@ def <<(string)
       end
 
       def method_missing(method, *args, &block) # :nodoc:
-        if @context && @context.respond_to?(method)
+        if @context&.respond_to?(method)
           @context.send(method, *args, &block)
         else
-          node = @doc.create_element(method.to_s.sub(/[_!]$/, ""), *args) { |n|
+          node = @doc.create_element(method.to_s.sub(/[_!]$/, ""), *args) do |n|
             # Set up the namespace
-            if @ns.is_a? Nokogiri::XML::Namespace
+            if @ns.is_a?(Nokogiri::XML::Namespace)
               n.namespace = @ns
               @ns = nil
             end
-          }
+          end
 
-          if @ns.is_a? Hash
+          if @ns.is_a?(Hash)
             node.namespace = node.namespace_definitions.find { |x| x.prefix == @ns[:pending] }
             if node.namespace.nil?
               raise ArgumentError, "Namespace #{@ns[:pending]} has not been defined"
             end
+
             @ns = nil
           end
 
@@ -385,16 +422,19 @@ def method_missing(method, *args, &block) # :nodoc:
       # Insert +node+ as a child of the current Node
       def insert(node, &block)
         node = @parent.add_child(node)
-        if block_given?
-          old_parent = @parent
-          @parent = node
-          @arity ||= block.arity
-          if @arity <= 0
-            instance_eval(&block)
-          else
-            block.call(self)
+        if block
+          begin
+            old_parent = @parent
+            @parent = node
+            @arity ||= block.arity
+            if @arity <= 0
+              instance_eval(&block)
+            else
+              yield(self)
+            end
+          ensure
+            @parent = old_parent
           end
-          @parent = old_parent
         end
         NodeBuilder.new(node, self)
       end
@@ -417,10 +457,10 @@ def method_missing(method, *args, &block)
           opts = args.last.is_a?(Hash) ? args.pop : {}
           case method.to_s
           when /^(.*)!$/
-            @node["id"] = $1
+            @node["id"] = Regexp.last_match(1)
             @node.content = args.first if args.first
           when /^(.*)=/
-            @node[$1] = args.first
+            @node[Regexp.last_match(1)] = args.first
           else
             @node["class"] =
               ((@node["class"] || "").split(/\s/) + [method.to_s]).join(" ")
@@ -432,7 +472,7 @@ def method_missing(method, *args, &block)
             @node[k.to_s] = ((@node[k.to_s] || "").split(/\s/) + [v]).join(" ")
           end
 
-          if block_given?
+          if block
             old_parent = @doc_builder.parent
             @doc_builder.parent = @node
             value = @doc_builder.instance_eval(&block)
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/cdata.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/cdata.rb
index 071c90ec74..9619d429a7 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/cdata.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/cdata.rb
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class CDATA < Nokogiri::XML::Text
       ###
       # Get the name of this CDATA node
       def name
-        '#cdata-section'
+        "#cdata-section"
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/character_data.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/character_data.rb
index 5de647e97b..a94147c93c 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/character_data.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/character_data.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class CharacterData < Nokogiri::XML::Node
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/document.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/document.rb
index d09c0e41ad..d97cd3b1a0 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/document.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/document.rb
@@ -1,18 +1,16 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
-require 'pathname'
+require "pathname"
 
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
-    ##
-    # Nokogiri::XML::Document is the main entry point for dealing with
-    # XML documents.  The Document is created by parsing an XML document.
-    # See Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse() for more information on parsing.
+    # Nokogiri::XML::Document is the main entry point for dealing with XML documents.  The Document
+    # is created by parsing an XML document.  See Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse for more information
+    # on parsing.
     #
     # For searching a Document, see Nokogiri::XML::Searchable#css and
     # Nokogiri::XML::Searchable#xpath
-    #
     class Document < Nokogiri::XML::Node
       # See http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names/#ns-decl for more details. Note that we're not
       # attempting to handle unicode characters partly because libxml2 doesn't handle unicode
@@ -47,109 +45,178 @@ class Document < Nokogiri::XML::Node
       #
       # Nokogiri.XML() is a convenience method which will call this method.
       #
-      def self.parse string_or_io, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = ParseOptions::DEFAULT_XML
+      def self.parse(string_or_io, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = ParseOptions::DEFAULT_XML)
         options = Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new(options) if Integer === options
-
         yield options if block_given?
 
         url ||= string_or_io.respond_to?(:path) ? string_or_io.path : nil
 
         if empty_doc?(string_or_io)
           if options.strict?
-            raise Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError.new("Empty document")
+            raise Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError, "Empty document"
           else
             return encoding ? new.tap { |i| i.encoding = encoding } : new
           end
         end
 
         doc = if string_or_io.respond_to?(:read)
-                if string_or_io.is_a?(Pathname)
-                  # resolve the Pathname to the file and open it as an IO object, see #2110
-                  string_or_io = string_or_io.expand_path.open
-                  url ||= string_or_io.path
-                end
+          if string_or_io.is_a?(Pathname)
+            # resolve the Pathname to the file and open it as an IO object, see #2110
+            string_or_io = string_or_io.expand_path.open
+            url ||= string_or_io.path
+          end
 
-                read_io(string_or_io, url, encoding, options.to_i)
-              else
-                # read_memory pukes on empty docs
-                read_memory(string_or_io, url, encoding, options.to_i)
-              end
+          read_io(string_or_io, url, encoding, options.to_i)
+        else
+          # read_memory pukes on empty docs
+          read_memory(string_or_io, url, encoding, options.to_i)
+        end
 
         # do xinclude processing
         doc.do_xinclude(options) if options.xinclude?
 
-        return doc
+        doc
       end
 
       ##
-      # @!method wrap(java_document)
-      # @!scope class
+      # :singleton-method: wrap
+      # :call-seq: wrap(java_document) → Nokogiri::XML::Document
+      #
+      # ⚠ This method is only available when running JRuby.
       #
-      # Create a {Document} using an existing Java DOM document object.
+      # Create a Document using an existing Java DOM document object.
       #
-      # The returned {Document} shares the same underlying data structure as the Java object, so
+      # The returned Document shares the same underlying data structure as the Java object, so
       # changes in one are reflected in the other.
       #
-      # @param java_document [Java::OrgW3cDom::Document]
-      # @return [Nokogiri::XML::Document]
-      # @note This method is only available when running JRuby.
-      # @note The class +Java::OrgW3cDom::Document+ is also accessible as +org.w3c.dom.Document+.
-      # @see #to_java
+      # [Parameters]
+      # - `java_document` (Java::OrgW3cDom::Document)
+      #   (The class `Java::OrgW3cDom::Document` is also accessible as `org.w3c.dom.Document`.)
+      #
+      # [Returns] Nokogiri::XML::Document
+      #
+      # See also \#to_java
 
-      ##
-      # @!method to_java()
+      # :method: to_java
+      # :call-seq: to_java() → Java::OrgW3cDom::Document
       #
-      # Returns the underlying Java DOM document object for the {Document}.
+      # ⚠ This method is only available when running JRuby.
       #
-      # The returned Java object shares the same underlying data structure as the {Document}, so
+      # Returns the underlying Java DOM document object for this document.
+      #
+      # The returned Java object shares the same underlying data structure as this document, so
       # changes in one are reflected in the other.
       #
-      # @return [Java::OrgW3cDom::Document]
-      # @note This method is only available when running JRuby.
-      # @note The class +Java::OrgW3cDom::Document+ is also accessible as +org.w3c.dom.Document+.
-      # @see .wrap
-
+      # [Returns]
+      #   Java::OrgW3cDom::Document
+      #   (The class `Java::OrgW3cDom::Document` is also accessible as `org.w3c.dom.Document`.)
+      #
+      # See also Document.wrap
 
-      # A list of Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError found when parsing a document
+      # The errors found while parsing a document.
+      #
+      # [Returns] Array<Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError>
       attr_accessor :errors
 
-      def initialize *args # :nodoc:
+      # When `true`, reparented elements without a namespace will inherit their new parent's
+      # namespace (if one exists). Defaults to `false`.
+      #
+      # [Returns] Boolean
+      #
+      # *Example:* Default behavior of namespace inheritance
+      #
+      #   xml = <<~EOF
+      #           <root xmlns:foo="http://nokogiri.org/default_ns/test/foo">
+      #             <foo:parent>
+      #             </foo:parent>
+      #           </root>
+      #         EOF
+      #   doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml)
+      #   parent = doc.at_xpath("//foo:parent", "foo" => "http://nokogiri.org/default_ns/test/foo")
+      #   parent.add_child("<child></child>")
+      #   doc.to_xml
+      #   # => <?xml version="1.0"?>
+      #   #    <root xmlns:foo="http://nokogiri.org/default_ns/test/foo">
+      #   #      <foo:parent>
+      #   #        <child/>
+      #   #      </foo:parent>
+      #   #    </root>
+      #
+      # *Example:* Setting namespace inheritance to `true`
+      #
+      #   xml = <<~EOF
+      #           <root xmlns:foo="http://nokogiri.org/default_ns/test/foo">
+      #             <foo:parent>
+      #             </foo:parent>
+      #           </root>
+      #         EOF
+      #   doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml)
+      #   doc.namespace_inheritance = true
+      #   parent = doc.at_xpath("//foo:parent", "foo" => "http://nokogiri.org/default_ns/test/foo")
+      #   parent.add_child("<child></child>")
+      #   doc.to_xml
+      #   # => <?xml version="1.0"?>
+      #   #    <root xmlns:foo="http://nokogiri.org/default_ns/test/foo">
+      #   #      <foo:parent>
+      #   #        <foo:child/>
+      #   #      </foo:parent>
+      #   #    </root>
+      #
+      # Since v1.12.4
+      attr_accessor :namespace_inheritance
+
+      def initialize(*args) # :nodoc:
         @errors     = []
         @decorators = nil
+        @namespace_inheritance = false
       end
 
-      ##
-      # Create a new +Element+ with +name+ sharing GC lifecycle with the document, optionally
-      # setting contents or attributes.
+      # :call-seq:
+      #   create_element(name, *contents_or_attrs, &block) → Nokogiri::XML::Element
+      #
+      # Create a new Element with `name` belonging to this document, optionally setting contents or
+      # attributes.
+      #
+      # This method is _not_ the most user-friendly option if your intention is to add a node to the
+      # document tree. Prefer one of the Nokogiri::XML::Node methods like Node#add_child,
+      # Node#add_next_sibling, Node#replace, etc. which will both create an element (or subtree) and
+      # place it in the document tree.
       #
       # Arguments may be passed to initialize the element:
-      # - a +Hash+ argument will be used to set attributes
-      # - a non-Hash object that responds to +#to_s+ will be used to set the new node's contents
+      #
+      # - a Hash argument will be used to set attributes
+      # - a non-Hash object that responds to \#to_s will be used to set the new node's contents
       #
       # A block may be passed to mutate the node.
       #
-      # @param name [String]
-      # @param contents_or_attrs [#to_s,Hash]
-      # @yieldparam node [Nokogiri::XML::Element]
-      # @return [Nokogiri::XML::Element]
+      # [Parameters]
+      # - `name` (String)
+      # - `contents_or_attrs` (\#to_s, Hash)
+      # [Yields] `node` (Nokogiri::XML::Element)
+      # [Returns] Nokogiri::XML::Element
+      #
+      # *Example:* An empty element without attributes
       #
-      # @example An empty element without attributes
       #   doc.create_element("div")
       #   # => <div></div>
       #
-      # @example An element with contents
+      # *Example:* An element with contents
+      #
       #   doc.create_element("div", "contents")
       #   # => <div>contents</div>
       #
-      # @example An element with attributes
+      # *Example:* An element with attributes
+      #
       #   doc.create_element("div", {"class" => "container"})
       #   # => <div class='container'></div>
       #
-      # @example An element with contents and attributes
+      # *Example:* An element with contents and attributes
+      #
       #   doc.create_element("div", "contents", {"class" => "container"})
       #   # => <div class='container'>contents</div>
       #
-      # @example Passing a block to mutate the element
+      # *Example:* Passing a block to mutate the element
+      #
       #   doc.create_element("div") { |node| node["class"] = "blue" if before_noon? }
       #
       def create_element(name, *contents_or_attrs, &block)
@@ -170,30 +237,30 @@ def create_element(name, *contents_or_attrs, &block)
             elm.content = arg
           end
         end
-        if ns = elm.namespace_definitions.find { |n| n.prefix.nil? || (n.prefix == '') }
+        if (ns = elm.namespace_definitions.find { |n| n.prefix.nil? || (n.prefix == "") })
           elm.namespace = ns
         end
         elm
       end
 
       # Create a Text Node with +string+
-      def create_text_node string, &block
-        Nokogiri::XML::Text.new string.to_s, self, &block
+      def create_text_node(string, &block)
+        Nokogiri::XML::Text.new(string.to_s, self, &block)
       end
 
       # Create a CDATA Node containing +string+
-      def create_cdata string, &block
-        Nokogiri::XML::CDATA.new self, string.to_s, &block
+      def create_cdata(string, &block)
+        Nokogiri::XML::CDATA.new(self, string.to_s, &block)
       end
 
       # Create a Comment Node containing +string+
-      def create_comment string, &block
-        Nokogiri::XML::Comment.new self, string.to_s, &block
+      def create_comment(string, &block)
+        Nokogiri::XML::Comment.new(self, string.to_s, &block)
       end
 
       # The name of this document.  Always returns "document"
       def name
-        'document'
+        "document"
       end
 
       # A reference to +self+
@@ -201,46 +268,51 @@ def document
         self
       end
 
-      ##
-      # Recursively get all namespaces from this node and its subtree and
-      # return them as a hash.
+      # :call-seq:
+      #   collect_namespaces() → Hash<String(Namespace#prefix) ⇒ String(Namespace#href)>
       #
-      # For example, given this document:
+      # Recursively get all namespaces from this node and its subtree and return them as a
+      # hash.
       #
-      #   <root xmlns:foo="bar">
+      # ⚠ This method will not handle duplicate namespace prefixes, since the return value is a hash.
+      #
+      # Note that this method does an xpath lookup for nodes with namespaces, and as a result the
+      # order (and which duplicate prefix "wins") may be dependent on the implementation of the
+      # underlying XML library.
+      #
+      # *Example:* Basic usage
+      #
+      # Given this document:
+      #
+      #   <root xmlns="default" xmlns:foo="bar">
       #     <bar xmlns:hello="world" />
       #   </root>
       #
       # This method will return:
       #
-      #   { 'xmlns:foo' => 'bar', 'xmlns:hello' => 'world' }
+      #   {"xmlns:foo"=>"bar", "xmlns"=>"default", "xmlns:hello"=>"world"}
       #
-      # WARNING: this method will clobber duplicate names in the keys.
-      # For example, given this document:
+      # *Example:* Duplicate prefixes
+      #
+      # Given this document:
       #
       #   <root xmlns:foo="bar">
       #     <bar xmlns:foo="baz" />
       #   </root>
       #
-      # The hash returned will look like this: { 'xmlns:foo' => 'bar' }
-      #
-      # Non-prefixed default namespaces (as in "xmlns=") are not included
-      # in the hash.
+      # The hash returned will be something like:
       #
-      # Note that this method does an xpath lookup for nodes with
-      # namespaces, and as a result the order may be dependent on the
-      # implementation of the underlying XML library.
+      #   {"xmlns:foo" => "baz"}
       #
       def collect_namespaces
-        xpath("//namespace::*").inject({}) do |hash, ns|
-          hash[["xmlns",ns.prefix].compact.join(":")] = ns.href if ns.prefix != "xml"
-          hash
+        xpath("//namespace::*").each_with_object({}) do |ns, hash|
+          hash[["xmlns", ns.prefix].compact.join(":")] = ns.href if ns.prefix != "xml"
         end
       end
 
       # Get the list of decorators given +key+
-      def decorators key
-        @decorators ||= Hash.new
+      def decorators(key)
+        @decorators ||= {}
         @decorators[key] ||= []
       end
 
@@ -249,7 +321,8 @@ def decorators key
       # the document or +nil+ when there is no DTD.
       def validate
         return nil unless internal_subset
-        internal_subset.validate self
+
+        internal_subset.validate(self)
       end
 
       ##
@@ -269,7 +342,7 @@ def validate
       #   ... which does absolutely nothing.
       #
       def slop!
-        unless decorators(XML::Node).include? Nokogiri::Decorators::Slop
+        unless decorators(XML::Node).include?(Nokogiri::Decorators::Slop)
           decorators(XML::Node) << Nokogiri::Decorators::Slop
           decorate!
         end
@@ -279,16 +352,18 @@ def slop!
 
       ##
       # Apply any decorators to +node+
-      def decorate node
+      def decorate(node)
         return unless @decorators
-        @decorators.each { |klass,list|
+
+        @decorators.each do |klass, list|
           next unless node.is_a?(klass)
+
           list.each { |moodule| node.extend(moodule) }
-        }
+        end
       end
 
-      alias :to_xml :serialize
-      alias :clone :dup
+      alias_method :to_xml, :serialize
+      alias_method :clone, :dup
 
       # Get the hash of namespaces on the root Nokogiri::XML::Node
       def namespaces
@@ -298,35 +373,47 @@ def namespaces
       ##
       # Create a Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment from +tags+
       # Returns an empty fragment if +tags+ is nil.
-      def fragment tags = nil
-        DocumentFragment.new(self, tags, self.root)
+      def fragment(tags = nil)
+        DocumentFragment.new(self, tags, root)
       end
 
       undef_method :swap, :parent, :namespace, :default_namespace=
       undef_method :add_namespace_definition, :attributes
       undef_method :namespace_definitions, :line, :add_namespace
 
-      def add_child node_or_tags
-        raise "A document may not have multiple root nodes." if (root && root.name != 'nokogiri_text_wrapper') && !(node_or_tags.comment? || node_or_tags.processing_instruction?)
+      def add_child(node_or_tags)
+        raise "A document may not have multiple root nodes." if (root && root.name != "nokogiri_text_wrapper") && !(node_or_tags.comment? || node_or_tags.processing_instruction?)
+
         node_or_tags = coerce(node_or_tags)
         if node_or_tags.is_a?(XML::NodeSet)
           raise "A document may not have multiple root nodes." if node_or_tags.size > 1
+
           super(node_or_tags.first)
         else
           super
         end
       end
-      alias :<< :add_child
+      alias_method :<<, :add_child
+
+      # :call-seq:
+      #   xpath_doctype() → Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::DoctypeConfig
+      #
+      # [Returns] The document type which determines CSS-to-XPath translation.
+      #
+      # See XPathVisitor for more information.
+      def xpath_doctype
+        Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::DoctypeConfig::XML
+      end
 
       private
 
-      def self.empty_doc? string_or_io
+      def self.empty_doc?(string_or_io)
         string_or_io.nil? ||
           (string_or_io.respond_to?(:empty?) && string_or_io.empty?) ||
           (string_or_io.respond_to?(:eof?) && string_or_io.eof?)
       end
 
-      IMPLIED_XPATH_CONTEXTS = [ '//'.freeze ].freeze # :nodoc:
+      IMPLIED_XPATH_CONTEXTS = ["//"].freeze # :nodoc:
 
       def inspect_attributes
         [:name, :children]
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/document_fragment.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/document_fragment.rb
index b974da2c9c..b5b3e6a667 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/document_fragment.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/document_fragment.rb
@@ -1,28 +1,39 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class DocumentFragment < Nokogiri::XML::Node
+      ####
+      # Create a Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment from +tags+
+      def self.parse(tags, options = ParseOptions::DEFAULT_XML, &block)
+        new(XML::Document.new, tags, nil, options, &block)
+      end
+
       ##
       #  Create a new DocumentFragment from +tags+.
       #
       #  If +ctx+ is present, it is used as a context node for the
       #  subtree created, e.g., namespaces will be resolved relative
       #  to +ctx+.
-      def initialize document, tags = nil, ctx = nil
+      def initialize(document, tags = nil, ctx = nil, options = ParseOptions::DEFAULT_XML)
         return self unless tags
 
+        options = Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new(options) if Integer === options
+        yield options if block_given?
+
         children = if ctx
-                     # Fix for issue#490
-                     if Nokogiri.jruby?
-                       # fix for issue #770
-                       ctx.parse("<root #{namespace_declarations(ctx)}>#{tags}</root>").children
-                     else
-                       ctx.parse(tags)
-                     end
-                   else
-                     XML::Document.parse("<root>#{tags}</root>") \
-                       .xpath("/root/node()")
-                   end
+          # Fix for issue#490
+          if Nokogiri.jruby?
+            # fix for issue #770
+            ctx.parse("<root #{namespace_declarations(ctx)}>#{tags}</root>", options).children
+          else
+            ctx.parse(tags, options)
+          end
+        else
+          wrapper_doc = XML::Document.parse("<root>#{tags}</root>", nil, nil, options)
+          self.errors = wrapper_doc.errors
+          wrapper_doc.xpath("/root/node()")
+        end
         children.each { |child| child.parent = self }
       end
 
@@ -40,7 +51,7 @@ def dup
       ###
       # return the name for DocumentFragment
       def name
-        '#document-fragment'
+        "#document-fragment"
       end
 
       ###
@@ -52,10 +63,10 @@ def to_s
       ###
       # Convert this DocumentFragment to html
       # See Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet#to_html
-      def to_html *args
+      def to_html(*args)
         if Nokogiri.jruby?
           options = args.first.is_a?(Hash) ? args.shift : {}
-          if !options[:save_with]
+          unless options[:save_with]
             options[:save_with] = Node::SaveOptions::NO_DECLARATION | Node::SaveOptions::NO_EMPTY_TAGS | Node::SaveOptions::AS_HTML
           end
           args.insert(0, options)
@@ -66,10 +77,10 @@ def to_html *args
       ###
       # Convert this DocumentFragment to xhtml
       # See Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet#to_xhtml
-      def to_xhtml *args
+      def to_xhtml(*args)
         if Nokogiri.jruby?
           options = args.first.is_a?(Hash) ? args.shift : {}
-          if !options[:save_with]
+          unless options[:save_with]
             options[:save_with] = Node::SaveOptions::NO_DECLARATION | Node::SaveOptions::NO_EMPTY_TAGS | Node::SaveOptions::AS_XHTML
           end
           args.insert(0, options)
@@ -80,7 +91,7 @@ def to_xhtml *args
       ###
       # Convert this DocumentFragment to xml
       # See Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet#to_xml
-      def to_xml *args
+      def to_xml(*args)
         children.to_xml(*args)
       end
 
@@ -91,7 +102,7 @@ def to_xml *args
       # selectors. For example:
       #
       # For more information see Nokogiri::XML::Searchable#css
-      def css *args
+      def css(*args)
         if children.any?
           children.css(*args) # 'children' is a smell here
         else
@@ -110,34 +121,26 @@ def css *args
       # Search this fragment for +paths+. +paths+ must be one or more XPath or CSS queries.
       #
       # For more information see Nokogiri::XML::Searchable#search
-      def search *rules
+      def search(*rules)
         rules, handler, ns, binds = extract_params(rules)
 
         rules.inject(NodeSet.new(document)) do |set, rule|
-          set += if rule =~ Searchable::LOOKS_LIKE_XPATH
-                   xpath(*([rule, ns, handler, binds].compact))
-                 else
-                   children.css(*([rule, ns, handler].compact)) # 'children' is a smell here
-                 end
+          set + if Searchable::LOOKS_LIKE_XPATH.match?(rule)
+            xpath(*[rule, ns, handler, binds].compact)
+          else
+            children.css(*[rule, ns, handler].compact) # 'children' is a smell here
+          end
         end
       end
 
-      alias :serialize :to_s
-
-      class << self
-        ####
-        # Create a Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment from +tags+
-        def parse tags
-          self.new(XML::Document.new, tags)
-        end
-      end
+      alias_method :serialize, :to_s
 
       # A list of Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError found when parsing a document
       def errors
         document.errors
       end
 
-      def errors= things # :nodoc:
+      def errors=(things) # :nodoc:
         document.errors = things
       end
 
@@ -148,11 +151,11 @@ def fragment(data)
       private
 
       # fix for issue 770
-      def namespace_declarations ctx
+      def namespace_declarations(ctx)
         ctx.namespace_scopes.map do |namespace|
           prefix = namespace.prefix.nil? ? "" : ":#{namespace.prefix}"
-          %Q{xmlns#{prefix}="#{namespace.href}"}
-        end.join ' '
+          %{xmlns#{prefix}="#{namespace.href}"}
+        end.join(" ")
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/dtd.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/dtd.rb
index 0b6fa8a271..74d8be0a94 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/dtd.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/dtd.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class DTD < Nokogiri::XML::Node
@@ -20,13 +21,13 @@ def each
       end
 
       def html_dtd?
-        name.casecmp('html').zero?
+        name.casecmp("html").zero?
       end
 
       def html5_dtd?
         html_dtd? &&
           external_id.nil? &&
-          (system_id.nil? || system_id == 'about:legacy-compat')
+          (system_id.nil? || system_id == "about:legacy-compat")
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/element_content.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/element_content.rb
index e1c29963d8..9083be850b 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/element_content.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/element_content.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     ###
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/element_decl.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/element_decl.rb
index d3927be189..8d2cf8850b 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/element_decl.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/element_decl.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class ElementDecl < Nokogiri::XML::Node
@@ -7,7 +8,7 @@ class ElementDecl < Nokogiri::XML::Node
       undef_method :line if method_defined?(:line)
 
       def inspect
-        "#<#{self.class.name}:#{sprintf("0x%x", object_id)} #{to_s.inspect}>"
+        "#<#{self.class.name}:#{format("0x%x", object_id)} #{to_s.inspect}>"
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/entity_decl.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/entity_decl.rb
index 55ae00a4be..6e10468413 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/entity_decl.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/entity_decl.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class EntityDecl < Nokogiri::XML::Node
@@ -8,12 +9,12 @@ class EntityDecl < Nokogiri::XML::Node
       undef_method :namespace_definitions
       undef_method :line if method_defined?(:line)
 
-      def self.new name, doc, *args
+      def self.new(name, doc, *args)
         doc.create_entity(name, *args)
       end
 
       def inspect
-        "#<#{self.class.name}:#{sprintf("0x%x", object_id)} #{to_s.inspect}>"
+        "#<#{self.class.name}:#{format("0x%x", object_id)} #{to_s.inspect}>"
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/entity_reference.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/entity_reference.rb
index 1f3ffb24b9..c29091b793 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/entity_reference.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/entity_reference.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class EntityReference < Nokogiri::XML::Node
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/namespace.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/namespace.rb
index e628bbd85b..7b5dc020a8 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/namespace.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/namespace.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class Namespace
@@ -6,6 +7,7 @@ class Namespace
       attr_reader :document
 
       private
+
       def inspect_attributes
         [:prefix, :href]
       end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/node.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/node.rb
index 44f94ccd49..c90dea6c18 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/node.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/node.rb
@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
-# encoding: UTF-8
+# encoding: utf-8
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "stringio"
-require "nokogiri/xml/node/save_options"
 
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
-    ##
-    # {Nokogiri::XML::Node} is your window to the fun filled world of dealing with XML and HTML
-    # tags. A {Nokogiri::XML::Node} may be treated similarly to a hash with regard to attributes. For
+    # Nokogiri::XML::Node is the primary API you'll use to interact with your Document.
+    #
+    # == Attributes
+    #
+    # A Nokogiri::XML::Node may be treated similarly to a hash with regard to attributes. For
     # example:
     #
     #   node = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.parse("<a href='#foo' id='link'>link</a>").at_css("a")
@@ -18,41 +20,52 @@ module XML
     #   node['class'] = 'green' # => "green"
     #   node.to_html # => "<a href=\"#foo\" id=\"link\" class=\"green\">link</a>"
     #
-    # See the method group entitled "Working With Node Attributes" for the full set of methods.
+    # See the method group entitled Node@Working+With+Node+Attributes for the full set of methods.
+    #
+    # == Navigation
     #
-    # {Nokogiri::XML::Node} also has methods that let you move around your
-    # tree.  For navigating your tree, see:
+    # Nokogiri::XML::Node also has methods that let you move around your tree:
     #
-    # * {#parent}
-    # * {#children}
-    # * {#next}
-    # * {#previous}
+    # [#parent, #children, #next, #previous]
+    #   Navigate up, down, or through siblings.
     #
-    # When printing or otherwise emitting a document or a node (and
-    # its subtree), there are a few methods you might want to use:
+    # See the method group entitled Node@Traversing+Document+Structure for the full set of methods.
     #
-    # * {#content}, {#text}, {#inner_text}, {#to_str}: These methods will all <b>emit plaintext</b>,
-    #   meaning that entities will be replaced (e.g., "&lt;" will be replaced with "<"), meaning
+    # == Serialization
+    #
+    # When printing or otherwise emitting a document or a node (and its subtree), there are a few
+    # methods you might want to use:
+    #
+    # [#content, #text, #inner_text, #to_str]
+    #   These methods will all **emit plaintext**,
+    #   meaning that entities will be replaced (e.g., +&lt;+ will be replaced with +<+), meaning
     #   that any sanitizing will likely be un-done in the output.
     #
-    # * {#to_s}, {#to_xml}, {#to_html}, {#inner_html}: These methods will all <b>emit
-    #   properly-escaped markup</b>, meaning that it's suitable for consumption by browsers,
-    #   parsers, etc.
+    # [#to_s, #to_xml, #to_html, #inner_html]
+    #   These methods will all **emit properly-escaped markup**, meaning that it's suitable for
+    #   consumption by browsers, parsers, etc.
+    #
+    # See the method group entitled Node@Serialization+and+Generating+Output for the full set of methods.
+    #
+    # == Searching
     #
-    # You may search this node's subtree using {#xpath} and {#css}
+    # You may search this node's subtree using methods like #xpath and #css.
+    #
+    # See the method group entitled Node@Searching+via+XPath+or+CSS+Queries for the full set of methods.
     #
     class Node
       include Nokogiri::XML::PP::Node
       include Nokogiri::XML::Searchable
+      include Nokogiri::ClassResolver
       include Enumerable
 
-      # Element node type, see {Nokogiri::XML::Node#element?}
+      # Element node type, see Nokogiri::XML::Node#element?
       ELEMENT_NODE = 1
       # Attribute node type
       ATTRIBUTE_NODE = 2
-      # Text node type, see {Nokogiri::XML::Node#text?}
+      # Text node type, see Nokogiri::XML::Node#text?
       TEXT_NODE = 3
-      # CDATA node type, see {Nokogiri::XML::Node#cdata?}
+      # CDATA node type, see Nokogiri::XML::Node#cdata?
       CDATA_SECTION_NODE = 4
       # Entity reference node type
       ENTITY_REF_NODE = 5
@@ -60,9 +73,9 @@ class Node
       ENTITY_NODE = 6
       # PI node type
       PI_NODE = 7
-      # Comment node type, see {Nokogiri::XML::Node#comment?}
+      # Comment node type, see Nokogiri::XML::Node#comment?
       COMMENT_NODE = 8
-      # Document node type, see {Nokogiri::XML::Node#xml?}
+      # Document node type, see Nokogiri::XML::Node#xml?
       DOCUMENT_NODE = 9
       # Document type node type
       DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE = 10
@@ -70,7 +83,7 @@ class Node
       DOCUMENT_FRAG_NODE = 11
       # Notation node type
       NOTATION_NODE = 12
-      # HTML document node type, see {Nokogiri::XML::Node#html?}
+      # HTML document node type, see Nokogiri::XML::Node#html?
       HTML_DOCUMENT_NODE = 13
       # DTD node type
       DTD_NODE = 14
@@ -89,15 +102,29 @@ class Node
       # DOCB document node type
       DOCB_DOCUMENT_NODE = 21
 
-      ##
-      # Create a new node with +name+ sharing GC lifecycle with +document+.
-      # @param name [String]
-      # @param document [Nokogiri::XML::Document]
-      # @yieldparam node [Nokogiri::XML::Node]
-      # @return [Nokogiri::XML::Node]
-      # @see Nokogiri::XML::Node.new
+      #
+      # :call-seq:
+      #   new(name, document) -> Nokogiri::XML::Node
+      #   new(name, document) { |node| ... } -> Nokogiri::XML::Node
+      #
+      # Create a new node with +name+ that belongs to +document+.
+      #
+      # If you intend to add a node to a document tree, it's likely that you will prefer one of the
+      # Nokogiri::XML::Node methods like #add_child, #add_next_sibling, #replace, etc. which will
+      # both create an element (or subtree) and place it in the document tree.
+      #
+      # Another alternative, if you are concerned about performance, is
+      # Nokogiri::XML::Document#create_element which accepts additional arguments for contents or
+      # attributes but (like this method) avoids parsing markup.
+      #
+      # [Parameters]
+      # - +name+ (String)
+      # - +document+ (Nokogiri::XML::Document) The document to which the the returned node will belong.
+      # [Yields] Nokogiri::XML::Node
+      # [Returns] Nokogiri::XML::Node
+      #
       def initialize(name, document)
-        # This is intentionally empty.
+        # This is intentionally empty, and sets the method signature for subclasses.
       end
 
       ###
@@ -106,18 +133,7 @@ def decorate!
         document.decorate(self)
       end
 
-      # @!group Searching via XPath or CSS Queries
-
-      ###
-      # Search this node's immediate children using CSS selector +selector+
-      def >(selector)
-        ns = document.root.namespaces
-        xpath CSS.xpath_for(selector, :prefix => "./", :ns => ns).first
-      end
-
-      # @!endgroup
-
-      # @!group Manipulating Document Structure
+      # :section: Manipulating Document Structure
 
       ###
       # Add +node_or_tags+ as a child of this Node.
@@ -129,9 +145,9 @@ def >(selector)
       def add_child(node_or_tags)
         node_or_tags = coerce(node_or_tags)
         if node_or_tags.is_a?(XML::NodeSet)
-          node_or_tags.each { |n| add_child_node_and_reparent_attrs n }
+          node_or_tags.each { |n| add_child_node_and_reparent_attrs(n) }
         else
-          add_child_node_and_reparent_attrs node_or_tags
+          add_child_node_and_reparent_attrs(node_or_tags)
         end
         node_or_tags
       end
@@ -144,9 +160,10 @@ def add_child(node_or_tags)
       #
       # Also see related method +add_child+.
       def prepend_child(node_or_tags)
-        if first = children.first
+        if (first = children.first)
           # Mimic the error add_child would raise.
-          raise RuntimeError, "Document already has a root node" if document? && !(node_or_tags.comment? || node_or_tags.processing_instruction?)
+          raise "Document already has a root node" if document? && !(node_or_tags.comment? || node_or_tags.processing_instruction?)
+
           first.__send__(:add_sibling, :previous, node_or_tags)
         else
           add_child(node_or_tags)
@@ -172,7 +189,7 @@ def wrap(html)
       #
       # Also see related method +add_child+.
       def <<(node_or_tags)
-        add_child node_or_tags
+        add_child(node_or_tags)
         self
       end
 
@@ -184,9 +201,10 @@ def <<(node_or_tags)
       #
       # Also see related method +before+.
       def add_previous_sibling(node_or_tags)
-        raise ArgumentError.new("A document may not have multiple root nodes.") if (parent && parent.document?) && !(node_or_tags.comment? || node_or_tags.processing_instruction?)
+        raise ArgumentError,
+          "A document may not have multiple root nodes." if parent&.document? && !(node_or_tags.comment? || node_or_tags.processing_instruction?)
 
-        add_sibling :previous, node_or_tags
+        add_sibling(:previous, node_or_tags)
       end
 
       ###
@@ -197,9 +215,10 @@ def add_previous_sibling(node_or_tags)
       #
       # Also see related method +after+.
       def add_next_sibling(node_or_tags)
-        raise ArgumentError.new("A document may not have multiple root nodes.") if (parent && parent.document?) && !(node_or_tags.comment? || node_or_tags.processing_instruction?)
+        raise ArgumentError,
+          "A document may not have multiple root nodes." if parent&.document? && !(node_or_tags.comment? || node_or_tags.processing_instruction?)
 
-        add_sibling :next, node_or_tags
+        add_sibling(:next, node_or_tags)
       end
 
       ####
@@ -210,7 +229,7 @@ def add_next_sibling(node_or_tags)
       #
       # Also see related method +add_previous_sibling+.
       def before(node_or_tags)
-        add_previous_sibling node_or_tags
+        add_previous_sibling(node_or_tags)
         self
       end
 
@@ -222,7 +241,7 @@ def before(node_or_tags)
       #
       # Also see related method +add_next_sibling+.
       def after(node_or_tags)
-        add_next_sibling node_or_tags
+        add_next_sibling(node_or_tags)
         self
       end
 
@@ -230,30 +249,24 @@ def after(node_or_tags)
       # Set the inner html for this Node to +node_or_tags+
       # +node_or_tags+ can be a Nokogiri::XML::Node, a Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment, or a string containing markup.
       #
-      # Returns self.
-      #
       # Also see related method +children=+
       def inner_html=(node_or_tags)
         self.children = node_or_tags
-        self
       end
 
       ####
       # Set the inner html for this Node +node_or_tags+
       # +node_or_tags+ can be a Nokogiri::XML::Node, a Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment, or a string containing markup.
       #
-      # Returns the reparented node (if +node_or_tags+ is a Node), or NodeSet (if +node_or_tags+ is a DocumentFragment, NodeSet, or string).
-      #
       # Also see related method +inner_html=+
       def children=(node_or_tags)
         node_or_tags = coerce(node_or_tags)
         children.unlink
         if node_or_tags.is_a?(XML::NodeSet)
-          node_or_tags.each { |n| add_child_node_and_reparent_attrs n }
+          node_or_tags.each { |n| add_child_node_and_reparent_attrs(n) }
         else
-          add_child_node_and_reparent_attrs node_or_tags
+          add_child_node_and_reparent_attrs(node_or_tags)
         end
-        node_or_tags
       end
 
       ####
@@ -271,19 +284,19 @@ def replace(node_or_tags)
         # libxml is trying to find a parent node that is an element or document
         # so I can't tell if this is bug in libxml or not. issue #775.
         if text?
-          replacee = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new "dummy", document
-          add_previous_sibling_node replacee
+          replacee = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("dummy", document)
+          add_previous_sibling_node(replacee)
           unlink
-          return replacee.replace node_or_tags
+          return replacee.replace(node_or_tags)
         end
 
         node_or_tags = parent.coerce(node_or_tags)
 
         if node_or_tags.is_a?(XML::NodeSet)
-          node_or_tags.each { |n| add_previous_sibling n }
+          node_or_tags.each { |n| add_previous_sibling(n) }
           unlink
         else
-          replace_node node_or_tags
+          replace_node(node_or_tags)
         end
         node_or_tags
       end
@@ -296,7 +309,7 @@ def replace(node_or_tags)
       #
       # Also see related method +replace+.
       def swap(node_or_tags)
-        replace node_or_tags
+        replace(node_or_tags)
         self
       end
 
@@ -310,7 +323,6 @@ def content=(string)
       # Set the parent Node for this Node
       def parent=(parent_node)
         parent_node.add_child(self)
-        parent_node
       end
 
       ###
@@ -339,7 +351,7 @@ def namespace=(ns)
           raise ArgumentError, "namespace must be declared on the same document"
         end
 
-        set_namespace ns
+        set_namespace(ns)
       end
 
       ###
@@ -348,52 +360,159 @@ def namespace=(ns)
       # passed to it, allowing more convenient modification of the parser options.
       def do_xinclude(options = XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_XML)
         options = Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new(options) if Integer === options
-
-        # give options to user
         yield options if block_given?
 
         # call c extension
         process_xincludes(options.to_i)
       end
 
-      alias :next :next_sibling
-      alias :previous :previous_sibling
-      alias :next= :add_next_sibling
-      alias :previous= :add_previous_sibling
-      alias :remove :unlink
-      alias :name= :node_name=
-      alias :add_namespace :add_namespace_definition
+      alias_method :next, :next_sibling
+      alias_method :previous, :previous_sibling
+      alias_method :next=, :add_next_sibling
+      alias_method :previous=, :add_previous_sibling
+      alias_method :remove, :unlink
+      alias_method :name=, :node_name=
+      alias_method :add_namespace, :add_namespace_definition
 
-      # @!endgroup
+      # :section:
 
-      alias :text :content
-      alias :inner_text :content
-      alias :name :node_name
-      alias :type :node_type
-      alias :to_str :text
-      alias :clone :dup
-      alias :elements :element_children
+      alias_method :inner_text, :content
+      alias_method :text, :content
+      alias_method :to_str, :content
+      alias_method :name, :node_name
+      alias_method :type, :node_type
+      alias_method :clone, :dup
+      alias_method :elements, :element_children
 
-      # @!group Working With Node Attributes
+      # :section: Working With Node Attributes
 
-      ###
-      # Get the attribute value for the attribute +name+
+      # :call-seq: [](name) → (String, nil)
+      #
+      # Fetch an attribute from this node.
+      #
+      # ⚠ Note that attributes with namespaces cannot be accessed with this method. To access
+      # namespaced attributes, use #attribute_with_ns.
+      #
+      # [Returns] (String, nil) value of the attribute +name+, or +nil+ if no matching attribute exists
+      #
+      # *Example*
+      #
+      #   doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root><child size='large' class='big wide tall'/></root>")
+      #   child = doc.at_css("child")
+      #   child["size"] # => "large"
+      #   child["class"] # => "big wide tall"
+      #
+      # *Example:* Namespaced attributes will not be returned.
+      #
+      # ⚠ Note namespaced attributes may be accessed with #attribute or #attribute_with_ns
+      #
+      #   doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<~EOF)
+      #     <root xmlns:width='http://example.com/widths'>
+      #       <child width:size='broad'/>
+      #     </root>
+      #   EOF
+      #   doc.at_css("child")["size"] # => nil
+      #   doc.at_css("child").attribute("size").value # => "broad"
+      #   doc.at_css("child").attribute_with_ns("size", "http://example.com/widths").value
+      #   # => "broad"
+      #
       def [](name)
         get(name.to_s)
       end
 
-      ###
-      # Set the attribute value for the attribute +name+ to +value+
+      # :call-seq: []=(name, value) → value
+      #
+      # Update the attribute +name+ to +value+, or create the attribute if it does not exist.
+      #
+      # ⚠ Note that attributes with namespaces cannot be accessed with this method. To access
+      # namespaced attributes for update, use #attribute_with_ns. To add a namespaced attribute,
+      # see the example below.
+      #
+      # [Returns] +value+
+      #
+      # *Example*
+      #
+      #   doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root><child/></root>")
+      #   child = doc.at_css("child")
+      #   child["size"] = "broad"
+      #   child.to_html
+      #   # => "<child size=\"broad\"></child>"
+      #
+      # *Example:* Add a namespaced attribute.
+      #
+      #   doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<~EOF)
+      #     <root xmlns:width='http://example.com/widths'>
+      #       <child/>
+      #     </root>
+      #   EOF
+      #   child = doc.at_css("child")
+      #   child["size"] = "broad"
+      #   ns = doc.root.namespace_definitions.find { |ns| ns.prefix == "width" }
+      #   child.attribute("size").namespace = ns
+      #   doc.to_html
+      #   # => "<root xmlns:width=\"http://example.com/widths\">\n" +
+      #   #    "  <child width:size=\"broad\"></child>\n" +
+      #   #    "</root>\n"
+      #
       def []=(name, value)
-        set name.to_s, value.to_s
+        set(name.to_s, value.to_s)
       end
 
-      ####
-      # Returns a hash containing the node's attributes.  The key is
-      # the attribute name without any namespace, the value is a Nokogiri::XML::Attr
-      # representing the attribute.
-      # If you need to distinguish attributes with the same name, with different namespaces
-      # use #attribute_nodes instead.
+      #
+      # :call-seq: attributes() → Hash<String ⇒ Nokogiri::XML::Attr>
+      #
+      # Fetch this node's attributes.
+      #
+      # ⚠ Because the keys do not include any namespace information for the attribute, in case of a
+      # simple name collision, not all attributes will be returned. In this case, you will need to
+      # use #attribute_nodes.
+      #
+      # [Returns]
+      #   Hash containing attributes belonging to +self+. The hash keys are String attribute
+      #   names (without the namespace), and the hash values are Nokogiri::XML::Attr.
+      #
+      # *Example* with no namespaces:
+      #
+      #   doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root><child size='large' class='big wide tall'/></root>")
+      #   doc.at_css("child").attributes
+      #   # => {"size"=>#(Attr:0x550 { name = "size", value = "large" }),
+      #   #     "class"=>#(Attr:0x564 { name = "class", value = "big wide tall" })}
+      #
+      # *Example* with a namespace:
+      #
+      #   doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root xmlns:desc='http://example.com/sizes'><child desc:size='large'/></root>")
+      #   doc.at_css("child").attributes
+      #   # => {"size"=>
+      #   #      #(Attr:0x550 {
+      #   #        name = "size",
+      #   #        namespace = #(Namespace:0x564 {
+      #   #          prefix = "desc",
+      #   #          href = "http://example.com/sizes"
+      #   #          }),
+      #   #        value = "large"
+      #   #        })}
+      #
+      # *Example* with an attribute name collision:
+      #
+      # ⚠ Note that only one of the attributes is returned in the Hash.
+      #
+      #   doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<~EOF)
+      #     <root xmlns:width='http://example.com/widths'
+      #           xmlns:height='http://example.com/heights'>
+      #       <child width:size='broad' height:size='tall'/>
+      #     </root>
+      #   EOF
+      #   doc.at_css("child").attributes
+      #   # => {"size"=>
+      #   #      #(Attr:0x550 {
+      #   #        name = "size",
+      #   #        namespace = #(Namespace:0x564 {
+      #   #          prefix = "height",
+      #   #          href = "http://example.com/heights"
+      #   #          }),
+      #   #        value = "tall"
+      #   #        })}
+      #
       def attributes
         attribute_nodes.each_with_object({}) do |node, hash|
           hash[node.node_name] = node
@@ -409,7 +528,7 @@ def values
       ###
       # Does this Node's attributes include <value>
       def value?(value)
-        values.include? value
+        values.include?(value)
       end
 
       ###
@@ -421,36 +540,36 @@ def keys
       ###
       # Iterate over each attribute name and value pair for this Node.
       def each
-        attribute_nodes.each { |node|
+        attribute_nodes.each do |node|
           yield [node.node_name, node.value]
-        }
+        end
       end
 
       ###
       # Remove the attribute named +name+
       def remove_attribute(name)
-        attr = attributes[name].remove if key? name
+        attr = attributes[name].remove if key?(name)
         clear_xpath_context if Nokogiri.jruby?
         attr
       end
 
-      # Get the CSS class names of a Node.
+      #
+      # :call-seq: classes() → Array<String>
+      #
+      # Fetch CSS class names of a Node.
       #
       # This is a convenience function and is equivalent to:
+      #
       #   node.kwattr_values("class")
       #
-      # @see #kwattr_values
-      # @see #add_class
-      # @see #append_class
-      # @see #remove_class
+      # See related: #kwattr_values, #add_class, #append_class, #remove_class
       #
-      # @return [Array<String>]
+      # [Returns]
+      #   The CSS classes (Array of String) present in the Node's "class" attribute. If the
+      #   attribute is empty or non-existent, the return value is an empty array.
       #
-      #   The CSS classes present in the Node's +class+ attribute. If
-      #   the attribute is empty or non-existent, the return value is
-      #   an empty array.
+      # *Example*
       #
-      # @example
       #   node         # => <div class="section title header"></div>
       #   node.classes # => ["section", "title", "header"]
       #
@@ -458,42 +577,45 @@ def classes
         kwattr_values("class")
       end
 
-      # Ensure HTML CSS classes are present on a +Node+. Any CSS
-      # classes in +names+ that already exist in the +Node+'s +class+
-      # attribute are _not_ added. Note that any existing duplicates
-      # in the +class+ attribute are not removed. Compare with
-      # {#append_class}.
+      #
+      # :call-seq: add_class(names) → self
+      #
+      # Ensure HTML CSS classes are present on +self+. Any CSS classes in +names+ that already exist
+      # in the "class" attribute are _not_ added. Note that any existing duplicates in the
+      # "class" attribute are not removed. Compare with #append_class.
       #
       # This is a convenience function and is equivalent to:
+      #
       #   node.kwattr_add("class", names)
       #
-      # @see #kwattr_add
-      # @see #classes
-      # @see #append_class
-      # @see #remove_class
+      # See related: #kwattr_add, #classes, #append_class, #remove_class
       #
-      # @param names [String, Array<String>]
+      # [Parameters]
+      # - +names+ (String, Array<String>)
       #
-      #   CSS class names to be added to the Node's +class+
-      #   attribute. May be a string containing whitespace-delimited
-      #   names, or an Array of String names. Any class names already
-      #   present will not be added. Any class names not present will
-      #   be added. If no +class+ attribute exists, one is created.
+      #   CSS class names to be added to the Node's "class" attribute. May be a string containing
+      #   whitespace-delimited names, or an Array of String names. Any class names already present
+      #   will not be added. Any class names not present will be added. If no "class" attribute
+      #   exists, one is created.
       #
-      # @return [Node] Returns +self+ for ease of chaining method calls.
+      # [Returns] +self+ (Node) for ease of chaining method calls.
+      #
+      # *Example:* Ensure that the node has CSS class "section"
       #
-      # @example Ensure that a +Node+ has CSS class "section"
       #   node                      # => <div></div>
       #   node.add_class("section") # => <div class="section"></div>
       #   node.add_class("section") # => <div class="section"></div> # duplicate not added
       #
-      # @example Ensure that a +Node+ has CSS classes "section" and "header", via a String argument.
+      # *Example:* Ensure that the node has CSS classes "section" and "header", via a String argument
+      #
+      # Note that the CSS class "section" is not added because it is already present.
+      # Note also that the pre-existing duplicate CSS class "section" is not removed.
+      #
       #   node                             # => <div class="section section"></div>
       #   node.add_class("section header") # => <div class="section section header"></div>
-      #   # Note that the CSS class "section" is not added because it is already present.
-      #   # Note also that the pre-existing duplicate CSS class "section" is not removed.
       #
-      # @example Ensure that a +Node+ has CSS classes "section" and "header", via an Array argument.
+      # *Example:* Ensure that the node has CSS classes "section" and "header", via an Array argument
+      #
       #   node                                  # => <div></div>
       #   node.add_class(["section", "header"]) # => <div class="section header"></div>
       #
@@ -501,39 +623,42 @@ def add_class(names)
         kwattr_add("class", names)
       end
 
-      # Add HTML CSS classes to a +Node+, regardless of
-      # duplication. Compare with {#add_class}.
+      #
+      # :call-seq: append_class(names) → self
+      #
+      # Add HTML CSS classes to +self+, regardless of duplication. Compare with #add_class.
       #
       # This is a convenience function and is equivalent to:
+      #
       #   node.kwattr_append("class", names)
       #
-      # @see #kwattr_append
-      # @see #classes
-      # @see #add_class
-      # @see #remove_class
+      # See related: #kwattr_append, #classes, #add_class, #remove_class
+      #
+      # [Parameters]
+      # - +names+ (String, Array<String>)
       #
-      # @param names [String, Array<String>]
+      #   CSS class names to be appended to the Node's "class" attribute. May be a string containing
+      #   whitespace-delimited names, or an Array of String names. All class names passed in will be
+      #   appended to the "class" attribute even if they are already present in the attribute
+      #   value. If no "class" attribute exists, one is created.
       #
-      #   CSS class names to be appended to the Node's +class+
-      #   attribute. May be a string containing whitespace-delimited
-      #   names, or an Array of String names. All class names passed
-      #   in will be appended to the +class+ attribute even if they
-      #   are already present in the attribute value. If no +class+
-      #   attribute exists, one is created.
+      # [Returns] +self+ (Node) for ease of chaining method calls.
       #
-      # @return [Node] Returns +self+ for ease of chaining method calls.
+      # *Example:* Append "section" to the node's CSS "class" attribute
       #
-      # @example Append "section" to a +Node+'s CSS +class+ attriubute
       #   node                         # => <div></div>
       #   node.append_class("section") # => <div class="section"></div>
       #   node.append_class("section") # => <div class="section section"></div> # duplicate added!
       #
-      # @example Append "section" and "header" to a +Node+'s CSS +class+ attribute, via a String argument.
+      # *Example:* Append "section" and "header" to the noded's CSS "class" attribute, via a String argument
+      #
+      # Note that the CSS class "section" is appended even though it is already present
+      #
       #   node                                # => <div class="section section"></div>
       #   node.append_class("section header") # => <div class="section section section header"></div>
-      #   # Note that the CSS class "section" is appended even though it is already present.
       #
-      # @example Append "section" and "header" to a +Node+'s CSS +class+ attribute, via an Array argument.
+      # *Example:* Append "section" and "header" to the node's CSS "class" attribute, via an Array argument
+      #
       #   node                                     # => <div></div>
       #   node.append_class(["section", "header"]) # => <div class="section header"></div>
       #   node.append_class(["section", "header"]) # => <div class="section header section header"></div>
@@ -542,118 +667,135 @@ def append_class(names)
         kwattr_append("class", names)
       end
 
-      # Remove HTML CSS classes from a +Node+. Any CSS classes in +names+ that
-      # exist in the +Node+'s +class+ attribute are removed, including any
-      # multiple entries.
+      # :call-seq:
+      #   remove_class(css_classes) → self
+      #
+      # Remove HTML CSS classes from this node. Any CSS class names in +css_classes+ that exist in
+      # this node's "class" attribute are removed, including any multiple entries.
       #
-      # If no CSS classes remain after this operation, or if +names+ is
-      # +nil+, the +class+ attribute is deleted from the node.
+      # If no CSS classes remain after this operation, or if +css_classes+ is +nil+, the "class"
+      # attribute is deleted from the node.
       #
       # This is a convenience function and is equivalent to:
-      #   node.kwattr_remove("class", names)
       #
-      # @see #kwattr_remove
-      # @see #classes
-      # @see #add_class
-      # @see #append_class
+      #   node.kwattr_remove("class", css_classes)
       #
-      # @param names [String, Array<String>]
+      # Also see #kwattr_remove, #classes, #add_class, #append_class
       #
-      #   CSS class names to be removed from the Node's +class+ attribute. May
-      #   be a string containing whitespace-delimited names, or an Array of
-      #   String names. Any class names already present will be removed. If no
-      #   CSS classes remain, the +class+ attribute is deleted.
+      # [Parameters]
+      # - +css_classes+ (String, Array<String>)
       #
-      # @return [Node] Returns +self+ for ease of chaining method calls.
+      #   CSS class names to be removed from the Node's
+      #   "class" attribute. May be a string containing whitespace-delimited names, or an Array of
+      #   String names. Any class names already present will be removed. If no CSS classes remain,
+      #   the "class" attribute is deleted.
       #
-      # @example
-      #   node                         # => <div class="section header"></div>
+      # [Returns] +self+ (Nokogiri::XML::Node) for ease of chaining method calls.
+      #
+      # *Example*: Deleting a CSS class
+      #
+      # Note that all instances of the class "section" are removed from the "class" attribute.
+      #
+      #   node                         # => <div class="section header section"></div>
       #   node.remove_class("section") # => <div class="header"></div>
-      #   node.remove_class("header")  # => <div></div> # attribute is deleted when empty
+      #
+      # *Example*: Deleting the only remaining CSS class
+      #
+      # Note that the attribute is removed once there are no remaining classes.
+      #
+      #   node                         # => <div class="section"></div>
+      #   node.remove_class("section") # => <div></div>
+      #
+      # *Example*: Deleting multiple CSS classes
+      #
+      # Note that the "class" attribute is deleted once it's empty.
+      #
+      #   node                                    # => <div class="section header float"></div>
+      #   node.remove_class(["section", "float"]) # => <div class="header"></div>
       #
       def remove_class(names = nil)
         kwattr_remove("class", names)
       end
 
-      # Retrieve values from a keyword attribute of a Node.
+      # :call-seq:
+      #   kwattr_values(attribute_name) → Array<String>
+      #
+      # Fetch values from a keyword attribute of a Node.
       #
-      # A "keyword attribute" is a node attribute that contains a set
-      # of space-delimited values. Perhaps the most familiar example
-      # of this is the HTML +class+ attribute used to contain CSS
-      # classes. But other keyword attributes exist, for instance
-      # [`rel`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/rel).
+      # A "keyword attribute" is a node attribute that contains a set of space-delimited
+      # values. Perhaps the most familiar example of this is the HTML "class" attribute used to
+      # contain CSS classes. But other keyword attributes exist, for instance
+      # {the "rel" attribute}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/rel].
       #
-      # @see #classes
-      # @see #kwattr_add
-      # @see #kwattr_append
-      # @see #kwattr_remove
+      # See also #classes, #kwattr_add, #kwattr_append, #kwattr_remove
       #
-      # @param attribute_name [String] The name of the keyword attribute to be inspected.
+      # [Parameters]
+      # - +attribute_name+ (String) The name of the keyword attribute to be inspected.
       #
-      # @return [Array<String>]
+      # [Returns]
+      #   (Array<String>) The values present in the Node's +attribute_name+ attribute. If the
+      #   attribute is empty or non-existent, the return value is an empty array.
       #
-      #   The values present in the Node's +attribute_name+
-      #   attribute. If the attribute is empty or non-existent, the
-      #   return value is an empty array.
+      # *Example:*
       #
-      # @example
       #   node                      # => <a rel="nofollow noopener external">link</a>
       #   node.kwattr_values("rel") # => ["nofollow", "noopener", "external"]
       #
-      # @since v1.11.0
-      #
+      # Since v1.11.0
       def kwattr_values(attribute_name)
         keywordify(get_attribute(attribute_name) || [])
       end
 
+      # :call-seq:
+      #   kwattr_add(attribute_name, keywords) → self
+      #
       # Ensure that values are present in a keyword attribute.
       #
-      # Any values in +keywords+ that already exist in the +Node+'s
-      # attribute values are _not_ added. Note that any existing
-      # duplicates in the attribute values are not removed. Compare
-      # with {#kwattr_append}.
+      # Any values in +keywords+ that already exist in the Node's attribute values are _not_
+      # added. Note that any existing duplicates in the attribute values are not removed. Compare
+      # with #kwattr_append.
       #
-      # A "keyword attribute" is a node attribute that contains a set
-      # of space-delimited values. Perhaps the most familiar example
-      # of this is the HTML +class+ attribute used to contain CSS
-      # classes. But other keyword attributes exist, for instance
-      # [`rel`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/rel).
+      # A "keyword attribute" is a node attribute that contains a set of space-delimited
+      # values. Perhaps the most familiar example of this is the HTML "class" attribute used to
+      # contain CSS classes. But other keyword attributes exist, for instance
+      # {the "rel" attribute}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/rel].
       #
-      # @see #add_class
-      # @see #kwattr_values
-      # @see #kwattr_append
-      # @see #kwattr_remove
+      # See also #add_class, #kwattr_values, #kwattr_append, #kwattr_remove
       #
-      # @param attribute_name [String] The name of the keyword attribute to be modified.
+      # [Parameters]
+      # - +attribute_name+ (String) The name of the keyword attribute to be modified.
+      # - +keywords+ (String, Array<String>)
+      #   Keywords to be added to the attribute named +attribute_name+. May be a string containing
+      #   whitespace-delimited values, or an Array of String values. Any values already present will
+      #   not be added. Any values not present will be added. If the named attribute does not exist,
+      #   it is created.
       #
-      # @param keywords [String, Array<String>]
+      # [Returns] +self+ (Nokogiri::XML::Node) for ease of chaining method calls.
       #
-      #   Keywords to be added to the attribute named
-      #   +attribute_name+. May be a string containing
-      #   whitespace-delimited values, or an Array of String
-      #   values. Any values already present will not be added. Any
-      #   values not present will be added. If the named attribute
-      #   does not exist, it is created.
+      # *Example:* Ensure that a +Node+ has "nofollow" in its +rel+ attribute.
       #
-      # @return [Node] Returns +self+ for ease of chaining method calls.
+      # Note that duplicates are not added.
       #
-      # @example Ensure that a +Node+ has "nofollow" in its +rel+ attribute.
       #   node                               # => <a></a>
       #   node.kwattr_add("rel", "nofollow") # => <a rel="nofollow"></a>
-      #   node.kwattr_add("rel", "nofollow") # => <a rel="nofollow"></a> # duplicate not added
+      #   node.kwattr_add("rel", "nofollow") # => <a rel="nofollow"></a>
+      #
+      # *Example:* Ensure that a +Node+ has "nofollow" and "noreferrer" in its +rel+ attribute, via a
+      # String argument.
+      #
+      #  Note that "nofollow" is not added because it is already present. Note also that the
+      #  pre-existing duplicate "nofollow" is not removed.
       #
-      # @example Ensure that a +Node+ has "nofollow" and "noreferrer" in its +rel+ attribute, via a String argument.
       #   node                                          # => <a rel="nofollow nofollow"></a>
       #   node.kwattr_add("rel", "nofollow noreferrer") # => <a rel="nofollow nofollow noreferrer"></a>
-      #   # Note that "nofollow" is not added because it is already present.
-      #   # Note also that the pre-existing duplicate "nofollow" is not removed.
       #
-      # @example Ensure that a +Node+ has "nofollow" and "noreferrer" in its +rel+ attribute, via an Array argument.
+      # *Example:* Ensure that a +Node+ has "nofollow" and "noreferrer" in its +rel+ attribute, via
+      # an Array argument.
+      #
       #   node                                               # => <a></a>
       #   node.kwattr_add("rel", ["nofollow", "noreferrer"]) # => <a rel="nofollow noreferrer"></a>
       #
-      # @since v1.11.0
-      #
+      # Since v1.11.0
       def kwattr_add(attribute_name, keywords)
         keywords = keywordify(keywords)
         current_kws = kwattr_values(attribute_name)
@@ -662,50 +804,51 @@ def kwattr_add(attribute_name, keywords)
         self
       end
 
-      # Add keywords to a Node's keyword attribute, regardless of
-      # duplication. Compare with {#kwattr_add}.
+      # :call-seq:
+      #   kwattr_append(attribute_name, keywords) → self
       #
-      # A "keyword attribute" is a node attribute that contains a set
-      # of space-delimited values. Perhaps the most familiar example
-      # of this is the HTML +class+ attribute used to contain CSS
-      # classes. But other keyword attributes exist, for instance
-      # [`rel`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/rel).
+      # Add keywords to a Node's keyword attribute, regardless of duplication. Compare with
+      # #kwattr_add.
       #
-      # @see #append_class
-      # @see #kwattr_values
-      # @see #kwattr_add
-      # @see #kwattr_remove
+      # A "keyword attribute" is a node attribute that contains a set of space-delimited
+      # values. Perhaps the most familiar example of this is the HTML "class" attribute used to
+      # contain CSS classes. But other keyword attributes exist, for instance
+      # {the "rel" attribute}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/rel].
       #
-      # @param attribute_name [String] The name of the keyword attribute to be modified.
+      # See also #append_class, #kwattr_values, #kwattr_add, #kwattr_remove
       #
-      # @param keywords [String, Array<String>]
+      # [Parameters]
+      # - +attribute_name+ (String) The name of the keyword attribute to be modified.
+      # - +keywords+ (String, Array<String>)
+      #   Keywords to be added to the attribute named +attribute_name+. May be a string containing
+      #   whitespace-delimited values, or an Array of String values. All values passed in will be
+      #   appended to the named attribute even if they are already present in the attribute. If the
+      #   named attribute does not exist, it is created.
       #
-      #   Keywords to be added to the attribute named
-      #   +attribute_name+. May be a string containing
-      #   whitespace-delimited values, or an Array of String
-      #   values. All values passed in will be appended to the named
-      #   attribute even if they are already present in the
-      #   attribute. If the named attribute does not exist, it is
-      #   created.
+      # [Returns] +self+ (Node) for ease of chaining method calls.
       #
-      # @return [Node] Returns +self+ for ease of chaining method calls.
+      # *Example:* Append "nofollow" to the +rel+ attribute.
+      #
+      # Note that duplicates are added.
       #
-      # @example Append "nofollow" to the +rel+ attribute.
       #   node                                  # => <a></a>
       #   node.kwattr_append("rel", "nofollow") # => <a rel="nofollow"></a>
-      #   node.kwattr_append("rel", "nofollow") # => <a rel="nofollow nofollow"></a> # duplicate added!
+      #   node.kwattr_append("rel", "nofollow") # => <a rel="nofollow nofollow"></a>
+      #
+      # *Example:* Append "nofollow" and "noreferrer" to the +rel+ attribute, via a String argument.
+      #
+      # Note that "nofollow" is appended even though it is already present.
       #
-      # @example Append "nofollow" and "noreferrer" to the +rel+ attribute, via a String argument.
       #   node                                             # => <a rel="nofollow"></a>
       #   node.kwattr_append("rel", "nofollow noreferrer") # => <a rel="nofollow nofollow noreferrer"></a>
-      #   # Note that "nofollow" is appended even though it is already present.
       #
-      # @example Append "nofollow" and "noreferrer" to the +rel+ attribute, via an Array argument.
+      #
+      # *Example:* Append "nofollow" and "noreferrer" to the +rel+ attribute, via an Array argument.
+      #
       #   node                                                  # => <a></a>
       #   node.kwattr_append("rel", ["nofollow", "noreferrer"]) # => <a rel="nofollow noreferrer"></a>
       #
-      # @since v1.11.0
-      #
+      # Since v1.11.0
       def kwattr_append(attribute_name, keywords)
         keywords = keywordify(keywords)
         current_kws = kwattr_values(attribute_name)
@@ -714,44 +857,41 @@ def kwattr_append(attribute_name, keywords)
         self
       end
 
-      # Remove keywords from a keyword attribute. Any matching
-      # keywords that exist in the named attribute are removed,
-      # including any multiple entries.
+      # :call-seq:
+      #   kwattr_remove(attribute_name, keywords) → self
       #
-      # If no keywords remain after this operation, or if +keywords+
-      # is +nil+, the attribute is deleted from the node.
+      # Remove keywords from a keyword attribute. Any matching keywords that exist in the named
+      # attribute are removed, including any multiple entries.
       #
-      # A "keyword attribute" is a node attribute that contains a set
-      # of space-delimited values. Perhaps the most familiar example
-      # of this is the HTML +class+ attribute used to contain CSS
-      # classes. But other keyword attributes exist, for instance
-      # [`rel`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/rel).
+      # If no keywords remain after this operation, or if +keywords+ is +nil+, the attribute is
+      # deleted from the node.
       #
-      # @see #remove_class
-      # @see #kwattr_values
-      # @see #kwattr_add
-      # @see #kwattr_append
+      # A "keyword attribute" is a node attribute that contains a set of space-delimited
+      # values. Perhaps the most familiar example of this is the HTML "class" attribute used to
+      # contain CSS classes. But other keyword attributes exist, for instance
+      # {the "rel" attribute}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/rel].
       #
-      # @param attribute_name [String] The name of the keyword attribute to be modified.
+      # See also #remove_class, #kwattr_values, #kwattr_add, #kwattr_append
       #
-      # @param keywords [String, Array<String>]
+      # [Parameters]
+      # - +attribute_name+ (String) The name of the keyword attribute to be modified.
+      # - +keywords+ (String, Array<String>)
+      #   Keywords to be removed from the attribute named +attribute_name+. May be a string
+      #   containing whitespace-delimited values, or an Array of String values. Any keywords present
+      #   in the named attribute will be removed. If no keywords remain, or if +keywords+ is nil,
+      #   the attribute is deleted.
       #
-      #   Keywords to be removed from the attribute named
-      #   +attribute_name+. May be a string containing
-      #   whitespace-delimited values, or an Array of String
-      #   values. Any keywords present in the named attribute will be
-      #   removed. If no keywords remain, or if +keywords+ is nil, the
-      #   attribute is deleted.
+      # [Returns] +self+ (Node) for ease of chaining method calls.
       #
-      # @return [Node] Returns +self+ for ease of chaining method calls.
+      # *Example:*
+      #
+      # Note that the +rel+ attribute is deleted when empty.
       #
-      # @example
       #   node                                    # => <a rel="nofollow noreferrer">link</a>
       #   node.kwattr_remove("rel", "nofollow")   # => <a rel="noreferrer">link</a>
-      #   node.kwattr_remove("rel", "noreferrer") # => <a>link</a> # attribute is deleted when empty
-      #
-      # @since v1.11.0
+      #   node.kwattr_remove("rel", "noreferrer") # => <a>link</a>
       #
+      # Since v1.11.0
       def kwattr_remove(attribute_name, keywords)
         if keywords.nil?
           remove_attribute(attribute_name)
@@ -769,13 +909,13 @@ def kwattr_remove(attribute_name, keywords)
         self
       end
 
-      alias :delete :remove_attribute
-      alias :get_attribute :[]
-      alias :attr :[]
-      alias :set_attribute :[]=
-      alias :has_attribute? :key?
+      alias_method :delete, :remove_attribute
+      alias_method :get_attribute, :[]
+      alias_method :attr, :[]
+      alias_method :set_attribute, :[]=
+      alias_method :has_attribute?, :key?
 
-      # @!endgroup
+      # :section:
 
       ###
       # Returns true if this Node matches +selector+
@@ -787,8 +927,7 @@ def matches?(selector)
       # Create a DocumentFragment containing +tags+ that is relative to _this_
       # context node.
       def fragment(tags)
-        type = document.html? ? Nokogiri::HTML : Nokogiri::XML
-        type::DocumentFragment.new(document, tags, self)
+        document.related_class("DocumentFragment").new(document, tags, self)
       end
 
       ###
@@ -806,19 +945,18 @@ def parse(string_or_io, options = nil)
         end
 
         options ||= (document.html? ? ParseOptions::DEFAULT_HTML : ParseOptions::DEFAULT_XML)
-        if Integer === options
-          options = Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new(options)
-        end
-        # Give the options to the user
+        options = Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new(options) if Integer === options
         yield options if block_given?
 
-        contents = string_or_io.respond_to?(:read) ?
-          string_or_io.read :
+        contents = if string_or_io.respond_to?(:read)
+          string_or_io.read
+        else
           string_or_io
+        end
 
         return Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet.new(document) if contents.empty?
 
-        # libxml2 does not obey the `recover` option after encountering errors during `in_context`
+        # libxml2 does not obey the +recover+ option after encountering errors during +in_context+
         # parsing, and so this horrible hack is here to try to emulate recovery behavior.
         #
         # Unfortunately, this means we're no longer parsing "in context" and so namespaces that
@@ -828,16 +966,16 @@ def parse(string_or_io, options = nil)
         #
         # I think preferable behavior would be to either:
         #
-        # a. add an error noting that we "fell back" and pointing the user to turning off the `recover` option
+        # a. add an error noting that we "fell back" and pointing the user to turning off the +recover+ option
         # b. don't recover, but raise a sensible exception
         #
         # For context and background: https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/313
         # FIXME bug report: https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2092
         error_count = document.errors.length
         node_set = in_context(contents, options.to_i)
-        if (node_set.empty? && (document.errors.length > error_count))
+        if node_set.empty? && (document.errors.length > error_count)
           if options.recover?
-            fragment = Nokogiri::HTML::DocumentFragment.parse contents
+            fragment = document.related_class("DocumentFragment").parse(contents)
             node_set = fragment.children
           else
             raise document.errors[error_count]
@@ -846,20 +984,42 @@ def parse(string_or_io, options = nil)
         node_set
       end
 
-      ###
-      # Returns a Hash of +{prefix => value}+ for all namespaces on this
-      # node and its ancestors.
-      #
-      # This method returns the same namespaces as #namespace_scopes.
-      #
-      # Returns namespaces in scope for self -- those defined on self
-      # element directly or any ancestor node -- as a Hash of
-      # attribute-name/value pairs. Note that the keys in this hash
-      # XML attributes that would be used to define this namespace,
-      # such as "xmlns:prefix", not just the prefix. Default namespace
-      # set on self will be included with key "xmlns". However,
-      # default namespaces set on ancestor will NOT be, even if self
-      # has no explicit default namespace.
+      # :call-seq:
+      #   namespaces() → Hash<String(Namespace#prefix) ⇒ String(Namespace#href)>
+      #
+      # Fetch all the namespaces on this node and its ancestors.
+      #
+      # Note that the keys in this hash XML attributes that would be used to define this namespace,
+      # such as "xmlns:prefix", not just the prefix.
+      #
+      # The default namespace for this node will be included with key "xmlns".
+      #
+      # See also #namespace_scopes
+      #
+      # [Returns]
+      #   Hash containing all the namespaces on this node and its ancestors. The hash keys are the
+      #   namespace prefix, and the hash value for each key is the namespace URI.
+      #
+      # *Example:*
+      #
+      #   doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<~EOF)
+      #     <root xmlns="http://example.com/root" xmlns:in_scope="http://example.com/in_scope">
+      #       <first/>
+      #       <second xmlns="http://example.com/child"/>
+      #       <third xmlns:foo="http://example.com/foo"/>
+      #     </root>
+      #   EOF
+      #   doc.at_xpath("//root:first", "root" => "http://example.com/root").namespaces
+      #   # => {"xmlns"=>"http://example.com/root",
+      #   #     "xmlns:in_scope"=>"http://example.com/in_scope"}
+      #   doc.at_xpath("//child:second", "child" => "http://example.com/child").namespaces
+      #   # => {"xmlns"=>"http://example.com/child",
+      #   #     "xmlns:in_scope"=>"http://example.com/in_scope"}
+      #   doc.at_xpath("//root:third", "root" => "http://example.com/root").namespaces
+      #   # => {"xmlns:foo"=>"http://example.com/foo",
+      #   #     "xmlns"=>"http://example.com/root",
+      #   #     "xmlns:in_scope"=>"http://example.com/in_scope"}
+      #
       def namespaces
         namespace_scopes.each_with_object({}) do |ns, hash|
           prefix = ns.prefix
@@ -883,14 +1043,14 @@ def xml?
         type == DOCUMENT_NODE
       end
 
-      # Returns true if this is an HTML::Document node
+      # Returns true if this is an HTML4::Document or HTML5::Document node
       def html?
         type == HTML_DOCUMENT_NODE
       end
 
       # Returns true if this is a Document
       def document?
-        is_a? XML::Document
+        is_a?(XML::Document)
       end
 
       # Returns true if this is a ProcessingInstruction node
@@ -909,11 +1069,12 @@ def fragment?
       end
 
       ###
-      # Fetch the Nokogiri::HTML::ElementDescription for this node.  Returns
+      # Fetch the Nokogiri::HTML4::ElementDescription for this node.  Returns
       # nil on XML documents and on unknown tags.
       def description
         return nil if document.xml?
-        Nokogiri::HTML::ElementDescription[name]
+
+        Nokogiri::HTML4::ElementDescription[name]
       end
 
       ###
@@ -928,7 +1089,7 @@ def element?
         type == ELEMENT_NODE
       end
 
-      alias :elem? :element?
+      alias_method :elem?, :element?
 
       ###
       # Turn this node in to a string.  If the document is HTML, this method
@@ -944,9 +1105,9 @@ def inner_html(*args)
 
       # Get the path to this node as a CSS expression
       def css_path
-        path.split(/\//).map { |part|
-          part.length == 0 ? nil : part.gsub(/\[(\d+)\]/, ':nth-of-type(\1)')
-        }.compact.join(" > ")
+        path.split(%r{/}).map do |part|
+          part.empty? ? nil : part.gsub(/\[(\d+)\]/, ':nth-of-type(\1)')
+        end.compact.join(" > ")
       end
 
       ###
@@ -959,7 +1120,8 @@ def ancestors(selector = nil)
         parents = [parent]
 
         while parents.last.respond_to?(:parent)
-          break unless ctx_parent = parents.last.parent
+          break unless (ctx_parent = parents.last.parent)
+
           parents << ctx_parent
         end
 
@@ -968,16 +1130,16 @@ def ancestors(selector = nil)
         root = parents.last
         search_results = root.search(selector)
 
-        NodeSet.new(document, parents.find_all { |parent|
+        NodeSet.new(document, parents.find_all do |parent|
           search_results.include?(parent)
-        })
+        end)
       end
 
       ####
       # Yields self and all children to +block+ recursively.
       def traverse(&block)
         children.each { |j| j.traverse(&block) }
-        block.call(self)
+        yield(self)
       end
 
       ###
@@ -991,6 +1153,7 @@ def accept(visitor)
       def ==(other)
         return false unless other
         return false unless other.respond_to?(:pointer_id)
+
         pointer_id == other.pointer_id
       end
 
@@ -1000,14 +1163,16 @@ def ==(other)
       def <=>(other)
         return nil unless other.is_a?(Nokogiri::XML::Node)
         return nil unless document == other.document
-        compare other
+
+        compare(other)
       end
 
-      # @!group Serialization and Generating Output
+      # :section: Serialization and Generating Output
 
       ###
-      # Serialize Node using +options+.  Save options can also be set using a
-      # block. See SaveOptions.
+      # Serialize Node using +options+. Save options can also be set using a block.
+      #
+      # See also Nokogiri::XML::Node::SaveOptions and Node@Serialization+and+Generating+Output.
       #
       # These two statements are equivalent:
       #
@@ -1020,18 +1185,22 @@ def <=>(other)
       #   end
       #
       def serialize(*args, &block)
-        options = args.first.is_a?(Hash) ? args.shift : {
-          :encoding => args[0],
-          :save_with => args[1],
-        }
+        options = if args.first.is_a?(Hash)
+          args.shift
+        else
+          {
+            encoding: args[0],
+            save_with: args[1],
+          }
+        end
 
         encoding = options[:encoding] || document.encoding
         options[:encoding] = encoding
 
-        outstring = String.new
+        outstring = +""
         outstring.force_encoding(Encoding.find(encoding || "utf-8"))
         io = StringIO.new(outstring)
-        write_to io, options, &block
+        write_to(io, options, &block)
         io.string
       end
 
@@ -1043,7 +1212,7 @@ def serialize(*args, &block)
       # See Node#write_to for a list of +options+.  For formatted output,
       # use Node#to_xhtml instead.
       def to_html(options = {})
-        to_format SaveOptions::DEFAULT_HTML, options
+        to_format(SaveOptions::DEFAULT_HTML, options)
       end
 
       ###
@@ -1064,7 +1233,7 @@ def to_xml(options = {})
       #
       # See Node#write_to for a list of +options+
       def to_xhtml(options = {})
-        to_format SaveOptions::DEFAULT_XHTML, options
+        to_format(SaveOptions::DEFAULT_XHTML, options)
       end
 
       ###
@@ -1112,7 +1281,7 @@ def write_to(io, *options)
       #
       # See Node#write_to for a list of +options+
       def write_html_to(io, options = {})
-        write_format_to SaveOptions::DEFAULT_HTML, io, options
+        write_format_to(SaveOptions::DEFAULT_HTML, io, options)
       end
 
       ###
@@ -1120,7 +1289,7 @@ def write_html_to(io, options = {})
       #
       # See Node#write_to for a list of +options+
       def write_xhtml_to(io, options = {})
-        write_format_to SaveOptions::DEFAULT_XHTML, io, options
+        write_format_to(SaveOptions::DEFAULT_XHTML, io, options)
       end
 
       ###
@@ -1131,7 +1300,7 @@ def write_xhtml_to(io, options = {})
       # See Node#write_to for a list of options
       def write_xml_to(io, options = {})
         options[:save_with] ||= SaveOptions::DEFAULT_XML
-        write_to io, options
+        write_to(io, options)
       end
 
       def canonicalize(mode = XML::XML_C14N_1_0, inclusive_namespaces = nil, with_comments = false)
@@ -1142,7 +1311,7 @@ def canonicalize(mode = XML::XML_C14N_1_0, inclusive_namespaces = nil, with_comm
         end
       end
 
-      # @!endgroup
+      # :section:
 
       protected
 
@@ -1160,9 +1329,9 @@ def coerce(data)
           return data
         end
 
-        raise ArgumentError, <<-EOERR
-Requires a Node, NodeSet or String argument, and cannot accept a #{data.class}.
-(You probably want to select a node from the Document with at() or search(), or create a new Node via Node.new().)
+        raise ArgumentError, <<~EOERR
+          Requires a Node, NodeSet or String argument, and cannot accept a #{data.class}.
+          (You probably want to select a node from the Document with at() or search(), or create a new Node via Node.new().)
         EOERR
       end
 
@@ -1171,32 +1340,33 @@ def coerce(data)
       def keywordify(keywords)
         case keywords
         when Enumerable
-          return keywords
+          keywords
         when String
-          return keywords.scan(/\S+/)
+          keywords.scan(/\S+/)
         else
-          raise ArgumentError.new("Keyword attributes must be passed as either a String or an Enumerable, but received #{keywords.class}")
+          raise ArgumentError,
+            "Keyword attributes must be passed as either a String or an Enumerable, but received #{keywords.class}"
         end
       end
 
       def add_sibling(next_or_previous, node_or_tags)
         raise("Cannot add sibling to a node with no parent") unless parent
 
-        impl = (next_or_previous == :next) ? :add_next_sibling_node : :add_previous_sibling_node
-        iter = (next_or_previous == :next) ? :reverse_each : :each
+        impl = next_or_previous == :next ? :add_next_sibling_node : :add_previous_sibling_node
+        iter = next_or_previous == :next ? :reverse_each : :each
 
         node_or_tags = parent.coerce(node_or_tags)
         if node_or_tags.is_a?(XML::NodeSet)
           if text?
-            pivot = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new "dummy", document
-            send impl, pivot
+            pivot = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("dummy", document)
+            send(impl, pivot)
           else
             pivot = self
           end
-          node_or_tags.send(iter) { |n| pivot.send impl, n }
+          node_or_tags.send(iter) { |n| pivot.send(impl, n) }
           pivot.unlink if text?
         else
-          send impl, node_or_tags
+          send(impl, node_or_tags)
         end
         node_or_tags
       end
@@ -1215,19 +1385,18 @@ def write_format_to(save_option, io, options)
         return (io << dump_html) if USING_LIBXML_WITH_BROKEN_SERIALIZATION
 
         options[:save_with] ||= save_option
-        write_to io, options
+        write_to(io, options)
       end
 
       def inspect_attributes
         [:name, :namespace, :attribute_nodes, :children]
       end
 
-      # @private
-      IMPLIED_XPATH_CONTEXTS = [".//".freeze].freeze
+      IMPLIED_XPATH_CONTEXTS = [".//"].freeze
 
       def add_child_node_and_reparent_attrs(node)
-        add_child_node node
-        node.attribute_nodes.find_all { |a| a.name =~ /:/ }.each do |attr_node|
+        add_child_node(node)
+        node.attribute_nodes.find_all { |a| a.name.include?(":") }.each do |attr_node|
           attr_node.remove
           node[attr_node.name] = attr_node.value
         end
@@ -1235,3 +1404,5 @@ def add_child_node_and_reparent_attrs(node)
     end
   end
 end
+
+require_relative "node/save_options"
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/node/save_options.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/node/save_options.rb
index 6da00134bb..447b517625 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/node/save_options.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/node/save_options.rb
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class Node
       ###
-      # Save options for serializing nodes
+      # Save options for serializing nodes.
+      # See the method group entitled Node@Serialization+and+Generating+Output for usage.
       class SaveOptions
         # Format serialized xml
         FORMAT          = 1
@@ -22,7 +24,7 @@ class SaveOptions
 
         if Nokogiri.jruby?
           # Save builder created document
-          AS_BUILDER    = 128
+          AS_BUILDER = 128
           # the default for XML documents
           DEFAULT_XML  = AS_XML # https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/#issue/415
           # the default for HTML document
@@ -34,13 +36,15 @@ class SaveOptions
           DEFAULT_HTML = FORMAT | NO_DECLARATION | NO_EMPTY_TAGS | AS_HTML
         end
         # the default for XHTML document
-        DEFAULT_XHTML = FORMAT | NO_DECLARATION | NO_EMPTY_TAGS | AS_XHTML
+        DEFAULT_XHTML = FORMAT | NO_DECLARATION | AS_XHTML
 
         # Integer representation of the SaveOptions
         attr_reader :options
 
         # Create a new SaveOptions object with +options+
-        def initialize options = 0; @options = options; end
+        def initialize(options = 0)
+          @options = options
+        end
 
         constants.each do |constant|
           class_eval %{
@@ -55,7 +59,7 @@ def #{constant.downcase}?
           }
         end
 
-        alias :to_i :options
+        alias_method :to_i, :options
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/node_set.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/node_set.rb
index 695e78067f..803a0f8a95 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/node_set.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/node_set.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     ####
@@ -12,10 +13,10 @@ class NodeSet
       # The Document this NodeSet is associated with
       attr_accessor :document
 
-      alias :clone :dup
+      alias_method :clone, :dup
 
       # Create a NodeSet with +document+ defaulting to +list+
-      def initialize document, list = []
+      def initialize(document, list = [])
         @document = document
         document.decorate(self)
         list.each { |x| self << x }
@@ -24,8 +25,9 @@ def initialize document, list = []
 
       ###
       # Get the first element of the NodeSet.
-      def first n = nil
+      def first(n = nil)
         return self[0] unless n
+
         list = []
         [n, length].min.times { |i| list << self[i] }
         list
@@ -47,7 +49,7 @@ def empty?
       # Returns the index of the first node in self that is == to +node+ or meets the given block. Returns nil if no match is found.
       def index(node = nil)
         if node
-          warn "given block not used" if block_given?
+          warn("given block not used") if block_given?
           each_with_index { |member, j| return j if member == node }
         elsif block_given?
           each_with_index { |member, j| return j if yield(member) }
@@ -57,18 +59,18 @@ def index(node = nil)
 
       ###
       # Insert +datum+ before the first Node in this NodeSet
-      def before datum
-        first.before datum
+      def before(datum)
+        first.before(datum)
       end
 
       ###
       # Insert +datum+ after the last Node in this NodeSet
-      def after datum
-        last.after datum
+      def after(datum)
+        last.after(datum)
       end
 
-      alias :<< :push
-      alias :remove :unlink
+      alias_method :<<, :push
+      alias_method :remove, :unlink
 
       ###
       # call-seq: css *rules, [namespace-bindings, custom-pseudo-class]
@@ -77,7 +79,7 @@ def after datum
       # selectors. For example:
       #
       # For more information see Nokogiri::XML::Searchable#css
-      def css *args
+      def css(*args)
         rules, handler, ns, _ = extract_params(args)
         paths = css_rules_to_xpath(rules, ns)
 
@@ -93,7 +95,7 @@ def css *args
       # queries.
       #
       # For more information see Nokogiri::XML::Searchable#xpath
-      def xpath *args
+      def xpath(*args)
         paths, handler, ns, binds = extract_params(args)
 
         inject(NodeSet.new(document)) do |set, node|
@@ -101,13 +103,6 @@ def xpath *args
         end
       end
 
-      ###
-      # Search this NodeSet's nodes' immediate children using CSS selector +selector+
-      def > selector
-        ns = document.root.namespaces
-        xpath CSS.xpath_for(selector, :prefix => "./", :ns => ns).first
-      end
-
       ###
       # call-seq: search *paths, [namespace-bindings, xpath-variable-bindings, custom-handler-class]
       #
@@ -120,18 +115,18 @@ def > selector
       #
       #   node_set.at(3) # same as node_set[3]
       #
-      def at *args
+      def at(*args)
         if args.length == 1 && args.first.is_a?(Numeric)
           return self[args.first]
         end
 
         super(*args)
       end
-      alias :% :at
+      alias_method :%, :at
 
       ###
       # Filter this list for nodes that match +expr+
-      def filter expr
+      def filter(expr)
         find_all { |node| node.matches?(expr) }
       end
 
@@ -140,7 +135,7 @@ def filter expr
       # NodeSet.
       #
       # See Nokogiri::XML::Node#add_class for more information.
-      def add_class name
+      def add_class(name)
         each do |el|
           el.add_class(name)
         end
@@ -152,7 +147,7 @@ def add_class name
       # NodeSet.
       #
       # See Nokogiri::XML::Node#append_class for more information.
-      def append_class name
+      def append_class(name)
         each do |el|
           el.append_class(name)
         end
@@ -164,7 +159,7 @@ def append_class name
       # NodeSet.
       #
       # See Nokogiri::XML::Node#remove_class for more information.
-      def remove_class name = nil
+      def remove_class(name = nil)
         each do |el|
           el.remove_class(name)
         end
@@ -204,31 +199,31 @@ def remove_class name = nil
       #
       #   node_set.attr("class") { |node| node.name }
       #
-      def attr key, value = nil, &block
+      def attr(key, value = nil, &block)
         unless key.is_a?(Hash) || (key && (value || block))
           return first ? first.attribute(key) : nil
         end
 
         hash = key.is_a?(Hash) ? key : { key => value }
 
-        hash.each do |k,v|
+        hash.each do |k, v|
           each do |node|
-            node[k] = v || block.call(node)
+            node[k] = v || yield(node)
           end
         end
 
         self
       end
-      alias :set :attr
-      alias :attribute :attr
+      alias_method :set, :attr
+      alias_method :attribute, :attr
 
       ###
       # Remove the attributed named +name+ from all Node objects in the NodeSet
-      def remove_attr name
-        each { |el| el.delete name }
+      def remove_attr(name)
+        each { |el| el.delete(name) }
         self
       end
-      alias remove_attribute remove_attr
+      alias_method :remove_attribute, :remove_attr
 
       ###
       # Iterate over each node, yielding  to +block+
@@ -255,20 +250,20 @@ def each
       #
       # See Nokogiri::XML::Node#content for more information.
       def inner_text
-        collect(&:inner_text).join('')
+        collect(&:inner_text).join("")
       end
-      alias :text :inner_text
+      alias_method :text, :inner_text
 
       ###
       # Get the inner html of all contained Node objects
-      def inner_html *args
-        collect{|j| j.inner_html(*args) }.join('')
+      def inner_html(*args)
+        collect { |j| j.inner_html(*args) }.join("")
       end
 
       ###
       # Wrap this NodeSet with +html+
-      def wrap html
-        map { |node| node.wrap html }
+      def wrap(html)
+        map { |node| node.wrap(html) }
       end
 
       ###
@@ -279,10 +274,10 @@ def to_s
 
       ###
       # Convert this NodeSet to HTML
-      def to_html *args
+      def to_html(*args)
         if Nokogiri.jruby?
           options = args.first.is_a?(Hash) ? args.shift : {}
-          if !options[:save_with]
+          unless options[:save_with]
             options[:save_with] = Node::SaveOptions::NO_DECLARATION | Node::SaveOptions::NO_EMPTY_TAGS | Node::SaveOptions::AS_HTML
           end
           args.insert(0, options)
@@ -292,25 +287,26 @@ def to_html *args
 
       ###
       # Convert this NodeSet to XHTML
-      def to_xhtml *args
+      def to_xhtml(*args)
         map { |x| x.to_xhtml(*args) }.join
       end
 
       ###
       # Convert this NodeSet to XML
-      def to_xml *args
+      def to_xml(*args)
         map { |x| x.to_xml(*args) }.join
       end
 
-      alias :size :length
-      alias :to_ary :to_a
+      alias_method :size, :length
+      alias_method :to_ary, :to_a
 
       ###
       # Removes the last element from set and returns it, or +nil+ if
       # the set is empty
       def pop
         return nil if length == 0
-        delete last
+
+        delete(last)
       end
 
       ###
@@ -318,16 +314,18 @@ def pop
       # +nil+ if the set is empty.
       def shift
         return nil if length == 0
-        delete first
+
+        delete(first)
       end
 
       ###
       # Equality -- Two NodeSets are equal if the contain the same number
       # of elements and if each element is equal to the corresponding
       # element in the other NodeSet
-      def == other
+      def ==(other)
         return false unless other.is_a?(Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet)
         return false unless length == other.length
+
         each_with_index do |node, i|
           return false unless node == other[i]
         end
@@ -351,7 +349,7 @@ def children
       def reverse
         node_set = NodeSet.new(document)
         (length - 1).downto(0) do |x|
-          node_set.push self[x]
+          node_set.push(self[x])
         end
         node_set
       end
@@ -359,14 +357,12 @@ def reverse
       ###
       # Return a nicely formated string representation
       def inspect
-        "[#{map(&:inspect).join ', '}]"
+        "[#{map(&:inspect).join(", ")}]"
       end
 
-      alias :+ :|
-
-      # @private
-      IMPLIED_XPATH_CONTEXTS = [ './/'.freeze, 'self::'.freeze ].freeze # :nodoc:
+      alias_method :+, :|
 
+      IMPLIED_XPATH_CONTEXTS = [".//", "self::"].freeze # :nodoc:
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/notation.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/notation.rb
index 1757fd9615..1032403893 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/notation.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/notation.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,19 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
+    # Struct representing an {XML Schema Notation}[https://www.w3.org/TR/xml/#Notations]
     class Notation < Struct.new(:name, :public_id, :system_id)
+      # dead comment to ensure rdoc processing
+
+      # :attr: name (String)
+      # The name for the element.
+
+      # :attr: public_id (String)
+      # The URI corresponding to the public identifier
+
+      # :attr: system_id (String,nil)
+      # The URI corresponding to the system identifier
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/parse_options.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/parse_options.rb
index a266d5ba07..8f304535e7 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/parse_options.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/parse_options.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     ###
@@ -68,21 +69,27 @@ class ParseOptions
       NOBASEFIX   = 1 << 18
       # relax any hardcoded limit from the parser
       HUGE        = 1 << 19
+      # line numbers stored as long int (instead of a short int)
+      BIG_LINES   = 1 << 22
 
       # the default options used for parsing XML documents
-      DEFAULT_XML  = RECOVER | NONET
+      DEFAULT_XML  = RECOVER | NONET | BIG_LINES
+      # the default options used for parsing XSLT stylesheets
+      DEFAULT_XSLT = RECOVER | NONET | NOENT | DTDLOAD | DTDATTR | NOCDATA | BIG_LINES
       # the default options used for parsing HTML documents
-      DEFAULT_HTML = RECOVER | NOERROR | NOWARNING | NONET
+      DEFAULT_HTML = RECOVER | NOERROR | NOWARNING | NONET | BIG_LINES
       # the default options used for parsing XML schemas
-      DEFAULT_SCHEMA = NONET
+      DEFAULT_SCHEMA = NONET | BIG_LINES
 
       attr_accessor :options
-      def initialize options = STRICT
+
+      def initialize(options = STRICT)
         @options = options
       end
 
       constants.each do |constant|
         next if constant.to_sym == :STRICT
+
         class_eval %{
           def #{constant.downcase}
             @options |= #{constant}
@@ -113,14 +120,14 @@ def ==(other)
         other.to_i == to_i
       end
 
-      alias :to_i :options
+      alias_method :to_i, :options
 
       def inspect
         options = []
         self.class.constants.each do |k|
           options << k.downcase if send(:"#{k.downcase}?")
         end
-        super.sub(/>$/, " " + options.join(', ') + ">")
+        super.sub(/>$/, " " + options.join(", ") + ">")
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/pp.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/pp.rb
index 1b0f4df850..86a4d59188 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/pp.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/pp.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-require 'nokogiri/xml/pp/node'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/pp/character_data'
+
+require_relative "pp/node"
+require_relative "pp/character_data"
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/pp/character_data.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/pp/character_data.rb
index bc172c403d..8a02101005 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/pp/character_data.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/pp/character_data.rb
@@ -1,17 +1,19 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
+    # :nodoc: all
     module PP
       module CharacterData
-        def pretty_print pp # :nodoc:
-          nice_name = self.class.name.split('::').last
-          pp.group(2, "#(#{nice_name} ", ')') do
-            pp.pp text
+        def pretty_print(pp)
+          nice_name = self.class.name.split("::").last
+          pp.group(2, "#(#{nice_name} ", ")") do
+            pp.pp(text)
           end
         end
 
-        def inspect # :nodoc:
-          "#<#{self.class.name}:#{sprintf("0x%x",object_id)} #{text.inspect}>"
+        def inspect
+          "#<#{self.class.name}:#{format("0x%x", object_id)} #{text.inspect}>"
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/pp/node.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/pp/node.rb
index 91fa70bbb7..d6bd275f26 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/pp/node.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/pp/node.rb
@@ -1,54 +1,52 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
+    # :nodoc: all
     module PP
       module Node
-        def inspect # :nodoc:
-          attributes = inspect_attributes.reject { |x|
-            begin
-              attribute = send x
-              !attribute || (attribute.respond_to?(:empty?) && attribute.empty?)
-            rescue NoMethodError
-              true
-            end
-          }.map { |attribute|
-            "#{attribute.to_s.sub(/_\w+/, 's')}=#{send(attribute).inspect}"
-          }.join ' '
-          "#<#{self.class.name}:#{sprintf("0x%x", object_id)} #{attributes}>"
+        def inspect
+          attributes = inspect_attributes.reject do |x|
+            attribute = send(x)
+            !attribute || (attribute.respond_to?(:empty?) && attribute.empty?)
+          rescue NoMethodError
+            true
+          end.map do |attribute|
+            "#{attribute.to_s.sub(/_\w+/, "s")}=#{send(attribute).inspect}"
+          end.join(" ")
+          "#<#{self.class.name}:#{format("0x%x", object_id)} #{attributes}>"
         end
 
-        def pretty_print pp # :nodoc:
-          nice_name = self.class.name.split('::').last
-          pp.group(2, "#(#{nice_name}:#{sprintf("0x%x", object_id)} {", '})') do
-
+        def pretty_print(pp)
+          nice_name = self.class.name.split("::").last
+          pp.group(2, "#(#{nice_name}:#{format("0x%x", object_id)} {", "})") do
             pp.breakable
-            attrs = inspect_attributes.map { |t|
+            attrs = inspect_attributes.map do |t|
               [t, send(t)] if respond_to?(t)
-            }.compact.find_all { |x|
+            end.compact.find_all do |x|
               if x.last
-                if [:attribute_nodes, :children].include? x.first
+                if [:attribute_nodes, :children].include?(x.first)
                   !x.last.empty?
                 else
                   true
                 end
               end
-            }
+            end
 
             pp.seplist(attrs) do |v|
-              if [:attribute_nodes, :children].include? v.first
-                pp.group(2, "#{v.first.to_s.sub(/_\w+$/, 's')} = [", "]") do
+              if [:attribute_nodes, :children].include?(v.first)
+                pp.group(2, "#{v.first.to_s.sub(/_\w+$/, "s")} = [", "]") do
                   pp.breakable
                   pp.seplist(v.last) do |item|
-                    pp.pp item
+                    pp.pp(item)
                   end
                 end
               else
-                pp.text "#{v.first} = "
-                pp.pp v.last
+                pp.text("#{v.first} = ")
+                pp.pp(v.last)
               end
             end
             pp.breakable
-
           end
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/processing_instruction.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/processing_instruction.rb
index b7ae0067ac..8e5c19d973 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/processing_instruction.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/processing_instruction.rb
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class ProcessingInstruction < Node
-      def initialize document, name, content
+      def initialize(document, name, content) # rubocop:disable Style/RedundantInitialize
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/reader.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/reader.rb
index aeb133c749..5f637cf953 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/reader.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/reader.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     ###
@@ -8,18 +9,18 @@ module XML
     #
     # Here is an example of usage:
     #
-    #   reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(<<-eoxml)
-    #     <x xmlns:tenderlove='http://tenderlovemaking.com/'>
-    #       <tenderlove:foo awesome='true'>snuggles!</tenderlove:foo>
-    #     </x>
-    #   eoxml
+    #     reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(<<-eoxml)
+    #       <x xmlns:tenderlove='http://tenderlovemaking.com/'>
+    #         <tenderlove:foo awesome='true'>snuggles!</tenderlove:foo>
+    #       </x>
+    #     eoxml
     #
-    #   reader.each do |node|
+    #     reader.each do |node|
     #
-    #     # node is an instance of Nokogiri::XML::Reader
-    #     puts node.name
+    #       # node is an instance of Nokogiri::XML::Reader
+    #       puts node.name
     #
-    #   end
+    #     end
     #
     # Note that Nokogiri::XML::Reader#each can only be called once!!  Once
     # the cursor moves through the entire document, you must parse the
@@ -70,37 +71,32 @@ class Reader
       # A list of errors encountered while parsing
       attr_accessor :errors
 
-      # The encoding for the document
-      attr_reader :encoding
-
       # The XML source
       attr_reader :source
 
-      alias :self_closing? :empty_element?
+      alias_method :self_closing?, :empty_element?
 
-      def initialize source, url = nil, encoding = nil # :nodoc:
+      def initialize(source, url = nil, encoding = nil) # :nodoc:
         @source   = source
         @errors   = []
         @encoding = encoding
       end
       private :initialize
 
-      ###
-      # Get the attributes of the current node as a Hash
-      # @return [Hash<String, String>] Attribute names and values
+      # Get the attributes and namespaces of the current node as a Hash.
+      #
+      # This is the union of Reader#attribute_hash and Reader#namespaces
+      #
+      # [Returns]
+      #   (Hash<String, String>) Attribute names and values, and namespace prefixes and hrefs.
       def attributes
-        attrs_hash = attribute_nodes.each_with_object({}) do |node, hash|
-                       hash[node.name] = node.to_s
-                     end
-        ns = namespaces
-        attrs_hash.merge!(ns) if ns
-        attrs_hash
+        attribute_hash.merge(namespaces)
       end
 
       ###
       # Move the cursor through the document yielding the cursor to the block
       def each
-        while cursor = self.read
+        while (cursor = read)
           yield cursor
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/relax_ng.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/relax_ng.rb
index 631dac29e3..6d01ba01e5 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/relax_ng.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/relax_ng.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class << self
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/sax.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/sax.rb
index e965f677b0..5a59aaac71 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/sax.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/sax.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-require 'nokogiri/xml/sax/document'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/sax/parser_context'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/sax/parser'
-require 'nokogiri/xml/sax/push_parser'
+
+require_relative "sax/document"
+require_relative "sax/parser_context"
+require_relative "sax/parser"
+require_relative "sax/push_parser"
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/sax/document.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/sax/document.rb
index 0f32e8930a..760c850b2f 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/sax/document.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/sax/document.rb
@@ -1,21 +1,21 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     ###
-    # SAX Parsers are event driven parsers.  Nokogiri provides two different
-    # event based parsers when dealing with XML.  If you want to do SAX style
-    # parsing using HTML, check out Nokogiri::HTML::SAX.
+    # SAX Parsers are event driven parsers. Nokogiri provides two different event based parsers when
+    # dealing with XML. If you want to do SAX style parsing using HTML, check out
+    # Nokogiri::HTML4::SAX.
     #
-    # The basic way a SAX style parser works is by creating a parser,
-    # telling the parser about the events we're interested in, then giving
-    # the parser some XML to process.  The parser will notify you when
-    # it encounters events you said you would like to know about.
+    # The basic way a SAX style parser works is by creating a parser, telling the parser about the
+    # events we're interested in, then giving the parser some XML to process. The parser will notify
+    # you when it encounters events you said you would like to know about.
     #
-    # To register for events, you simply subclass Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document,
-    # and implement the methods for which you would like notification.
+    # To register for events, you simply subclass Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document, and implement the
+    # methods for which you would like notification.
     #
-    # For example, if I want to be notified when a document ends, and when an
-    # element starts, I would write a class like this:
+    # For example, if I want to be notified when a document ends, and when an element starts, I
+    # would write a class like this:
     #
     #   class MyDocument < Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document
     #     def end_document
@@ -27,8 +27,7 @@ module XML
     #     end
     #   end
     #
-    # Then I would instantiate a SAX parser with this document, and feed the
-    # parser some XML
+    # Then I would instantiate a SAX parser with this document, and feed the parser some XML
     #
     #   # Create a new parser
     #   parser = Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser.new(MyDocument.new)
@@ -36,25 +35,21 @@ module XML
     #   # Feed the parser some XML
     #   parser.parse(File.open(ARGV[0]))
     #
-    # Now my document handler will be called when each node starts, and when
-    # then document ends.  To see what kinds of events are available, take
-    # a look at Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document.
+    # Now my document handler will be called when each node starts, and when then document ends. To
+    # see what kinds of events are available, take a look at Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document.
     #
-    # Two SAX parsers for XML are available, a parser that reads from a string
-    # or IO object as it feels necessary, and a parser that lets you spoon
-    # feed it XML.  If you want to let Nokogiri deal with reading your XML,
-    # use the Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser.  If you want to have fine grain
+    # Two SAX parsers for XML are available, a parser that reads from a string or IO object as it
+    # feels necessary, and a parser that lets you spoon feed it XML. If you want to let Nokogiri
+    # deal with reading your XML, use the Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser. If you want to have fine grain
     # control over the XML input, use the Nokogiri::XML::SAX::PushParser.
     module SAX
       ###
-      # This class is used for registering types of events you are interested
-      # in handling.  All of the methods on this class are available as
-      # possible events while parsing an XML document.  To register for any
-      # particular event, just subclass this class and implement the methods
-      # you are interested in knowing about.
+      # This class is used for registering types of events you are interested in handling. All of
+      # the methods on this class are available as possible events while parsing an XML document. To
+      # register for any particular event, just subclass this class and implement the methods you
+      # are interested in knowing about.
       #
-      # To only be notified about start and end element events, write a class
-      # like this:
+      # To only be notified about start and end element events, write a class like this:
       #
       #   class MyDocument < Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document
       #     def start_element name, attrs = []
@@ -66,12 +61,12 @@ module SAX
       #     end
       #   end
       #
-      # You can use this event handler for any SAX style parser included with
-      # Nokogiri.  See Nokogiri::XML::SAX, and Nokogiri::HTML::SAX.
+      # You can use this event handler for any SAX style parser included with Nokogiri. See
+      # Nokogiri::XML::SAX, and Nokogiri::HTML4::SAX.
       class Document
         ###
         # Called when an XML declaration is parsed
-        def xmldecl version, encoding, standalone
+        def xmldecl(version, encoding, standalone)
         end
 
         ###
@@ -89,13 +84,13 @@ def end_document
         # * +name+ is the name of the tag
         # * +attrs+ are an assoc list of namespaces and attributes, e.g.:
         #     [ ["xmlns:foo", "http://sample.net"], ["size", "large"] ]
-        def start_element name, attrs = []
+        def start_element(name, attrs = [])
         end
 
         ###
         # Called at the end of an element
         # +name+ is the tag name
-        def end_element name
+        def end_element(name)
         end
 
         ###
@@ -105,16 +100,16 @@ def end_element name
         # +prefix+ is the namespace prefix for the element
         # +uri+ is the associated namespace URI
         # +ns+ is a hash of namespace prefix:urls associated with the element
-        def start_element_namespace name, attrs = [], prefix = nil, uri = nil, ns = []
+        def start_element_namespace(name, attrs = [], prefix = nil, uri = nil, ns = [])
           ###
           # Deal with SAX v1 interface
-          name = [prefix, name].compact.join(':')
-          attributes = ns.map { |ns_prefix,ns_uri|
-            [['xmlns', ns_prefix].compact.join(':'), ns_uri]
-          } + attrs.map { |attr|
-            [[attr.prefix, attr.localname].compact.join(':'), attr.value]
-          }
-          start_element name, attributes
+          name = [prefix, name].compact.join(":")
+          attributes = ns.map do |ns_prefix, ns_uri|
+            [["xmlns", ns_prefix].compact.join(":"), ns_uri]
+          end + attrs.map do |attr|
+            [[attr.prefix, attr.localname].compact.join(":"), attr.value]
+          end
+          start_element(name, attributes)
         end
 
         ###
@@ -122,49 +117,49 @@ def start_element_namespace name, attrs = [], prefix = nil, uri = nil, ns = []
         # +name+ is the element's name
         # +prefix+ is the namespace prefix associated with the element
         # +uri+ is the associated namespace URI
-        def end_element_namespace name, prefix = nil, uri = nil
+        def end_element_namespace(name, prefix = nil, uri = nil)
           ###
           # Deal with SAX v1 interface
-          end_element [prefix, name].compact.join(':')
+          end_element([prefix, name].compact.join(":"))
         end
 
         ###
-        # Characters read between a tag.  This method might be called multiple
+        # Characters read between a tag. This method might be called multiple
         # times given one contiguous string of characters.
         #
         # +string+ contains the character data
-        def characters string
+        def characters(string)
         end
 
         ###
         # Called when comments are encountered
         # +string+ contains the comment data
-        def comment string
+        def comment(string)
         end
 
         ###
         # Called on document warnings
         # +string+ contains the warning
-        def warning string
+        def warning(string)
         end
 
         ###
         # Called on document errors
         # +string+ contains the error
-        def error string
+        def error(string)
         end
 
         ###
         # Called when cdata blocks are found
         # +string+ contains the cdata content
-        def cdata_block string
+        def cdata_block(string)
         end
 
         ###
         # Called when processing instructions are found
         # +name+ is the target of the instruction
         # +content+ is the value of the instruction
-        def processing_instruction name, content
+        def processing_instruction(name, content)
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/sax/parser.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/sax/parser.rb
index e75e87f386..bd3e8befab 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/sax/parser.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/sax/parser.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     module SAX
@@ -36,29 +37,29 @@ class Attribute < Struct.new(:localname, :prefix, :uri, :value)
 
         # Encodinds this parser supports
         ENCODINGS = {
-          'NONE'        => 0, # No char encoding detected
-          'UTF-8'       => 1, # UTF-8
-          'UTF16LE'     => 2, # UTF-16 little endian
-          'UTF16BE'     => 3, # UTF-16 big endian
-          'UCS4LE'      => 4, # UCS-4 little endian
-          'UCS4BE'      => 5, # UCS-4 big endian
-          'EBCDIC'      => 6, # EBCDIC uh!
-          'UCS4-2143'   => 7, # UCS-4 unusual ordering
-          'UCS4-3412'   => 8, # UCS-4 unusual ordering
-          'UCS2'        => 9, # UCS-2
-          'ISO-8859-1'  => 10, # ISO-8859-1 ISO Latin 1
-          'ISO-8859-2'  => 11, # ISO-8859-2 ISO Latin 2
-          'ISO-8859-3'  => 12, # ISO-8859-3
-          'ISO-8859-4'  => 13, # ISO-8859-4
-          'ISO-8859-5'  => 14, # ISO-8859-5
-          'ISO-8859-6'  => 15, # ISO-8859-6
-          'ISO-8859-7'  => 16, # ISO-8859-7
-          'ISO-8859-8'  => 17, # ISO-8859-8
-          'ISO-8859-9'  => 18, # ISO-8859-9
-          'ISO-2022-JP' => 19, # ISO-2022-JP
-          'SHIFT-JIS'   => 20, # Shift_JIS
-          'EUC-JP'      => 21, # EUC-JP
-          'ASCII'       => 22, # pure ASCII
+          "NONE" => 0, # No char encoding detected
+          "UTF-8" => 1, # UTF-8
+          "UTF16LE" => 2, # UTF-16 little endian
+          "UTF16BE" => 3, # UTF-16 big endian
+          "UCS4LE" => 4, # UCS-4 little endian
+          "UCS4BE" => 5, # UCS-4 big endian
+          "EBCDIC" => 6, # EBCDIC uh!
+          "UCS4-2143" => 7, # UCS-4 unusual ordering
+          "UCS4-3412" => 8, # UCS-4 unusual ordering
+          "UCS2" => 9, # UCS-2
+          "ISO-8859-1" => 10, # ISO-8859-1 ISO Latin 1
+          "ISO-8859-2" => 11, # ISO-8859-2 ISO Latin 2
+          "ISO-8859-3" => 12, # ISO-8859-3
+          "ISO-8859-4" => 13, # ISO-8859-4
+          "ISO-8859-5" => 14, # ISO-8859-5
+          "ISO-8859-6" => 15, # ISO-8859-6
+          "ISO-8859-7" => 16, # ISO-8859-7
+          "ISO-8859-8" => 17, # ISO-8859-8
+          "ISO-8859-9" => 18, # ISO-8859-9
+          "ISO-2022-JP" => 19, # ISO-2022-JP
+          "SHIFT-JIS" => 20, # Shift_JIS
+          "EUC-JP" => 21, # EUC-JP
+          "ASCII" => 22, # pure ASCII
         }
 
         # The Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document where events will be sent.
@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@ class Attribute < Struct.new(:localname, :prefix, :uri, :value)
         attr_accessor :encoding
 
         # Create a new Parser with +doc+ and +encoding+
-        def initialize doc = Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document.new, encoding = 'UTF-8'
+        def initialize(doc = Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document.new, encoding = "UTF-8")
           @encoding = check_encoding(encoding)
           @document = doc
           @warned   = false
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ def initialize doc = Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document.new, encoding = 'UTF-8'
         ###
         # Parse given +thing+ which may be a string containing xml, or an
         # IO object.
-        def parse thing, &block
+        def parse(thing, &block)
           if thing.respond_to?(:read) && thing.respond_to?(:close)
             parse_io(thing, &block)
           else
@@ -87,34 +88,36 @@ def parse thing, &block
 
         ###
         # Parse given +io+
-        def parse_io io, encoding = 'ASCII'
+        def parse_io(io, encoding = "ASCII")
           @encoding = check_encoding(encoding)
           ctx = ParserContext.io(io, ENCODINGS[@encoding])
           yield ctx if block_given?
-          ctx.parse_with self
+          ctx.parse_with(self)
         end
 
         ###
         # Parse a file with +filename+
-        def parse_file filename
+        def parse_file(filename)
           raise ArgumentError unless filename
           raise Errno::ENOENT unless File.exist?(filename)
           raise Errno::EISDIR if File.directory?(filename)
-          ctx = ParserContext.file filename
+
+          ctx = ParserContext.file(filename)
           yield ctx if block_given?
-          ctx.parse_with self
+          ctx.parse_with(self)
         end
 
-        def parse_memory data
-          ctx = ParserContext.memory data
+        def parse_memory(data)
+          ctx = ParserContext.memory(data)
           yield ctx if block_given?
-          ctx.parse_with self
+          ctx.parse_with(self)
         end
 
         private
+
         def check_encoding(encoding)
           encoding.upcase.tap do |enc|
-            raise ArgumentError.new("'#{enc}' is not a valid encoding") unless ENCODINGS[enc]
+            raise ArgumentError, "'#{enc}' is not a valid encoding" unless ENCODINGS[enc]
           end
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/sax/parser_context.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/sax/parser_context.rb
index c325a8cbd6..48981775ff 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/sax/parser_context.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/sax/parser_context.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     module SAX
@@ -7,9 +8,12 @@ module SAX
       # by the user.  Instead, you should be looking at
       # Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser
       class ParserContext
-        def self.new thing, encoding = 'UTF-8'
-          [:read, :close].all? { |x| thing.respond_to?(x) } ?
-            io(thing, Parser::ENCODINGS[encoding]) : memory(thing)
+        def self.new(thing, encoding = "UTF-8")
+          if [:read, :close].all? { |x| thing.respond_to?(x) }
+            io(thing, Parser::ENCODINGS[encoding])
+          else
+            memory(thing)
+          end
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/sax/push_parser.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/sax/push_parser.rb
index d386695bb1..2b890a690a 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/sax/push_parser.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/sax/push_parser.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     module SAX
@@ -24,7 +25,6 @@ module SAX
       #   parser << "/div>"
       #   parser.finish
       class PushParser
-
         # The Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document on which the PushParser will be
         # operating
         attr_accessor :document
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ class PushParser
         ###
         # Create a new PushParser with +doc+ as the SAX Document, providing
         # an optional +file_name+ and +encoding+
-        def initialize(doc = XML::SAX::Document.new, file_name = nil, encoding = 'UTF-8')
+        def initialize(doc = XML::SAX::Document.new, file_name = nil, encoding = "UTF-8")
           @document = doc
           @encoding = encoding
           @sax_parser = XML::SAX::Parser.new(doc)
@@ -44,16 +44,16 @@ def initialize(doc = XML::SAX::Document.new, file_name = nil, encoding = 'UTF-8'
         ###
         # Write a +chunk+ of XML to the PushParser.  Any callback methods
         # that can be called will be called immediately.
-        def write chunk, last_chunk = false
+        def write(chunk, last_chunk = false)
           native_write(chunk, last_chunk)
         end
-        alias :<< :write
+        alias_method :<<, :write
 
         ###
         # Finish the parsing.  This method is only necessary for
         # Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document#end_document to be called.
         def finish
-          write '', true
+          write("", true)
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/schema.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/schema.rb
index 904cf704f2..497fc51532 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/schema.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/schema.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class << self
@@ -42,7 +43,7 @@ class Schema
       ###
       # Create a new Nokogiri::XML::Schema object using a +string_or_io+
       # object.
-      def self.new string_or_io, options = ParseOptions::DEFAULT_SCHEMA
+      def self.new(string_or_io, options = ParseOptions::DEFAULT_SCHEMA)
         from_document(Nokogiri::XML(string_or_io), options)
       end
 
@@ -51,9 +52,9 @@ def self.new string_or_io, options = ParseOptions::DEFAULT_SCHEMA
       # Nokogiri::XML::Document object, or a filename.  An Array of
       # Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError objects found while validating the
       # +thing+ is returned.
-      def validate thing
-        if thing.is_a?(Nokogiri::XML::Document) 
-          validate_document(thing) 
+      def validate(thing)
+        if thing.is_a?(Nokogiri::XML::Document)
+          validate_document(thing)
         elsif File.file?(thing)
           validate_file(thing)
         else
@@ -64,8 +65,8 @@ def validate thing
       ###
       # Returns true if +thing+ is a valid Nokogiri::XML::Document or
       # file.
-      def valid? thing
-        validate(thing).length == 0
+      def valid?(thing)
+        validate(thing).empty?
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/searchable.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/searchable.rb
index b2999c5f69..cc493e56f4 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/searchable.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/searchable.rb
@@ -1,22 +1,25 @@
+# coding: utf-8
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     #
     #  The Searchable module declares the interface used for searching your DOM.
     #
-    #  It implements the public methods `search`, `css`, and `xpath`,
+    #  It implements the public methods #search, #css, and #xpath,
     #  as well as allowing specific implementations to specialize some
     #  of the important behaviors.
     #
     module Searchable
       # Regular expression used by Searchable#search to determine if a query
       # string is CSS or XPath
-      LOOKS_LIKE_XPATH = /^(\.\/|\/|\.\.|\.$)/
+      LOOKS_LIKE_XPATH = %r{^(\./|/|\.\.|\.$)}
 
-      # @!group Searching via XPath or CSS Queries
+      # :section: Searching via XPath or CSS Queries
 
       ###
-      # call-seq: search *paths, [namespace-bindings, xpath-variable-bindings, custom-handler-class]
+      # call-seq:
+      #   search(*paths, [namespace-bindings, xpath-variable-bindings, custom-handler-class])
       #
       # Search this object for +paths+. +paths+ must be one or more XPath or CSS queries:
       #
@@ -27,41 +30,39 @@ module Searchable
       #   node.search('.//bike:tire', {'bike' => 'http://schwinn.com/'})
       #   node.search('bike|tire', {'bike' => 'http://schwinn.com/'})
       #
-      # For XPath queries, a hash of variable bindings may also be
-      # appended to the namespace bindings. For example:
+      # For XPath queries, a hash of variable bindings may also be appended to the namespace
+      # bindings. For example:
       #
       #   node.search('.//address[@domestic=$value]', nil, {:value => 'Yes'})
       #
-      # Custom XPath functions and CSS pseudo-selectors may also be
-      # defined. To define custom functions create a class and
-      # implement the function you want to define.  The first argument
-      # to the method will be the current matching NodeSet.  Any other
-      # arguments are ones that you pass in.  Note that this class may
-      # appear anywhere in the argument list.  For example:
-      #
-      #   node.search('.//title[regex(., "\w+")]', 'div.employee:regex("[0-9]+")'
-      #     Class.new {
-      #       def regex node_set, regex
-      #         node_set.find_all { |node| node['some_attribute'] =~ /#{regex}/ }
-      #       end
-      #     }.new
-      #   )
+      # 💡 Custom XPath functions and CSS pseudo-selectors may also be defined. To define custom
+      # functions create a class and implement the function you want to define. The first argument
+      # to the method will be the current matching NodeSet. Any other arguments are ones that you
+      # pass in. Note that this class may appear anywhere in the argument list. For example:
+      #
+      #   handler = Class.new {
+      #     def regex node_set, regex
+      #       node_set.find_all { |node| node['some_attribute'] =~ /#{regex}/ }
+      #     end
+      #   }.new
+      #   node.search('.//title[regex(., "\w+")]', 'div.employee:regex("[0-9]+")', handler)
       #
       # See Searchable#xpath and Searchable#css for further usage help.
       def search(*args)
         paths, handler, ns, binds = extract_params(args)
 
         xpaths = paths.map(&:to_s).map do |path|
-          (path =~ LOOKS_LIKE_XPATH) ? path : xpath_query_from_css_rule(path, ns)
+          LOOKS_LIKE_XPATH.match?(path) ? path : xpath_query_from_css_rule(path, ns)
         end.flatten.uniq
 
         xpath(*(xpaths + [ns, handler, binds].compact))
       end
 
-      alias :/ :search
+      alias_method :/, :search
 
       ###
-      # call-seq: search *paths, [namespace-bindings, xpath-variable-bindings, custom-handler-class]
+      # call-seq:
+      #   at(*paths, [namespace-bindings, xpath-variable-bindings, custom-handler-class])
       #
       # Search this object for +paths+, and return only the first
       # result. +paths+ must be one or more XPath or CSS queries.
@@ -71,10 +72,11 @@ def at(*args)
         search(*args).first
       end
 
-      alias :% :at
+      alias_method :%, :at
 
       ###
-      # call-seq: css *rules, [namespace-bindings, custom-pseudo-class]
+      # call-seq:
+      #   css(*rules, [namespace-bindings, custom-pseudo-class])
       #
       # Search this object for CSS +rules+. +rules+ must be one or more CSS
       # selectors. For example:
@@ -87,33 +89,49 @@ def at(*args)
       #
       #   node.css('bike|tire', {'bike' => 'http://schwinn.com/'})
       #
-      # Custom CSS pseudo classes may also be defined.  To define
-      # custom pseudo classes, create a class and implement the custom
-      # pseudo class you want defined.  The first argument to the
-      # method will be the current matching NodeSet.  Any other
-      # arguments are ones that you pass in.  For example:
+      # 💡 Custom CSS pseudo classes may also be defined which are mapped to a custom XPath
+      # function.  To define custom pseudo classes, create a class and implement the custom pseudo
+      # class you want defined. The first argument to the method will be the matching context
+      # NodeSet. Any other arguments are ones that you pass in. For example:
       #
-      #   node.css('title:regex("\w+")', Class.new {
-      #     def regex node_set, regex
+      #   handler = Class.new {
+      #     def regex(node_set, regex)
       #       node_set.find_all { |node| node['some_attribute'] =~ /#{regex}/ }
       #     end
-      #   }.new)
+      #   }.new
+      #   node.css('title:regex("\w+")', handler)
+      #
+      # 💡 Some XPath syntax is supported in CSS queries. For example, to query for an attribute:
+      #
+      #   node.css('img > @href') # returns all +href+ attributes on an +img+ element
+      #   node.css('img / @href') # same
+      #
+      #   # ⚠ this returns +class+ attributes from all +div+ elements AND THEIR CHILDREN!
+      #   node.css('div @class')
       #
-      # Note that the CSS query string is case-sensitive with regards
-      # to your document type. That is, if you're looking for "H1" in
-      # an HTML document, you'll never find anything, since HTML tags
-      # will match only lowercase CSS queries. However, "H1" might be
-      # found in an XML document, where tags names are case-sensitive
-      # (e.g., "H1" is distinct from "h1").
+      #   node.css
       #
+      # 💡 Array-like syntax is supported in CSS queries as an alternative to using +:nth-child()+.
+      #
+      # ⚠ NOTE that indices are 1-based like +:nth-child+ and not 0-based like Ruby Arrays. For
+      # example:
+      #
+      #   # equivalent to 'li:nth-child(2)'
+      #   node.css('li[2]') # retrieve the second li element in a list
+      #
+      # ⚠ NOTE that the CSS query string is case-sensitive with regards to your document type. HTML
+      # tags will match only lowercase CSS queries, so if you search for "H1" in an HTML document,
+      # you'll never find anything. However, "H1" might be found in an XML document, where tags
+      # names are case-sensitive (e.g., "H1" is distinct from "h1").
       def css(*args)
         rules, handler, ns, _ = extract_params(args)
 
-        css_internal self, rules, handler, ns
+        css_internal(self, rules, handler, ns)
       end
 
       ##
-      # call-seq: css *rules, [namespace-bindings, custom-pseudo-class]
+      # call-seq:
+      #   at_css(*rules, [namespace-bindings, custom-pseudo-class])
       #
       # Search this object for CSS +rules+, and return only the first
       # match. +rules+ must be one or more CSS selectors.
@@ -124,7 +142,8 @@ def at_css(*args)
       end
 
       ###
-      # call-seq: xpath *paths, [namespace-bindings, variable-bindings, custom-handler-class]
+      # call-seq:
+      #   xpath(*paths, [namespace-bindings, variable-bindings, custom-handler-class])
       #
       # Search this node for XPath +paths+. +paths+ must be one or more XPath
       # queries.
@@ -140,27 +159,27 @@ def at_css(*args)
       #
       #   node.xpath('.//address[@domestic=$value]', nil, {:value => 'Yes'})
       #
-      # Custom XPath functions may also be defined.  To define custom
-      # functions create a class and implement the function you want
-      # to define.  The first argument to the method will be the
-      # current matching NodeSet.  Any other arguments are ones that
-      # you pass in.  Note that this class may appear anywhere in the
-      # argument list.  For example:
+      # 💡 Custom XPath functions may also be defined. To define custom functions create a class and
+      # implement the function you want to define. The first argument to the method will be the
+      # current matching NodeSet. Any other arguments are ones that you pass in. Note that this
+      # class may appear anywhere in the argument list. For example:
       #
-      #   node.xpath('.//title[regex(., "\w+")]', Class.new {
-      #     def regex node_set, regex
+      #   handler = Class.new {
+      #     def regex(node_set, regex)
       #       node_set.find_all { |node| node['some_attribute'] =~ /#{regex}/ }
       #     end
-      #   }.new)
+      #   }.new
+      #   node.xpath('.//title[regex(., "\w+")]', handler)
       #
       def xpath(*args)
         paths, handler, ns, binds = extract_params(args)
 
-        xpath_internal self, paths, handler, ns, binds
+        xpath_internal(self, paths, handler, ns, binds)
       end
 
       ##
-      # call-seq: xpath *paths, [namespace-bindings, variable-bindings, custom-handler-class]
+      # call-seq:
+      #   at_xpath(*paths, [namespace-bindings, variable-bindings, custom-handler-class])
       #
       # Search this node for XPath +paths+, and return only the first
       # match. +paths+ must be one or more XPath queries.
@@ -170,12 +189,21 @@ def at_xpath(*args)
         xpath(*args).first
       end
 
-      # @!endgroup
+      # :call-seq:
+      #   >(selector) → NodeSet
+      #
+      # Search this node's immediate children using CSS selector +selector+
+      def >(selector) # rubocop:disable Naming/BinaryOperatorParameterName
+        ns = (document.root&.namespaces || {})
+        xpath(CSS.xpath_for(selector, prefix: "./", ns: ns).first)
+      end
+
+      # :section:
 
       private
 
       def css_internal(node, rules, handler, ns)
-        xpath_internal node, css_rules_to_xpath(rules, ns), handler, ns, nil
+        xpath_internal(node, css_rules_to_xpath(rules, ns), handler, ns, nil)
       end
 
       def xpath_internal(node, paths, handler, ns, binds)
@@ -198,9 +226,9 @@ def xpath_impl(node, path, handler, ns, binds)
         ctx.register_namespaces(ns)
         path = path.gsub(/xmlns:/, " :") unless Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
 
-        binds.each do |key, value|
-          ctx.register_variable key.to_s, value
-        end if binds
+        binds&.each do |key, value|
+          ctx.register_variable(key.to_s, value)
+        end
 
         ctx.evaluate(path, handler)
       end
@@ -210,10 +238,13 @@ def css_rules_to_xpath(rules, ns)
       end
 
       def xpath_query_from_css_rule(rule, ns)
-        visitor = Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitorOptimallyUseBuiltins.new
+        visitor = Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor.new(
+          builtins: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::BuiltinsConfig::OPTIMAL,
+          doctype: document.xpath_doctype,
+        )
         self.class::IMPLIED_XPATH_CONTEXTS.map do |implied_xpath_context|
-          CSS.xpath_for(rule.to_s, {:prefix => implied_xpath_context, :ns => ns,
-                                    :visitor => visitor})
+          CSS.xpath_for(rule.to_s, { prefix: implied_xpath_context, ns: ns,
+                                     visitor: visitor, })
         end.join(" | ")
       end
 
@@ -230,7 +261,7 @@ def extract_params(params) # :nodoc:
         end
         ns, binds = hashes.reverse
 
-        ns ||= document.root ? document.root.namespaces : {}
+        ns ||= (document.root&.namespaces || {})
 
         [params, handler, ns, binds]
       end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/syntax_error.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/syntax_error.rb
index e6fac7637f..9f85e2af34 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/syntax_error.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/syntax_error.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     ###
@@ -42,9 +43,9 @@ def fatal?
 
       def to_s
         message = super.chomp
-        [location_to_s, level_to_s, message].
-          compact.join(": ").
-          force_encoding(message.encoding)
+        [location_to_s, level_to_s, message]
+          .compact.join(": ")
+          .force_encoding(message.encoding)
       end
 
       private
@@ -54,7 +55,6 @@ def level_to_s
         when 3 then "FATAL"
         when 2 then "ERROR"
         when 1 then "WARNING"
-        else nil
         end
       end
 
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ def nil_or_zero?(attribute)
 
       def location_to_s
         return nil if nil_or_zero?(line) && nil_or_zero?(column)
+
         "#{line}:#{column}"
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/text.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/text.rb
index df05e57a7b..7d90f5f5ac 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/text.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/text.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class Text < Nokogiri::XML::CharacterData
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/xpath.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/xpath.rb
index e2f30fe0e4..3b0e5bcd94 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/xpath.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/xpath.rb
@@ -1,9 +1,21 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-require 'nokogiri/xml/xpath/syntax_error'
 
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     module XPath
+      # The XPath search prefix to search globally, +//+
+      GLOBAL_SEARCH_PREFIX = "//"
+
+      # The XPath search prefix to search direct descendants of the root element, +/+
+      ROOT_SEARCH_PREFIX = "/"
+
+      # The XPath search prefix to search direct descendants of the current element, +./+
+      CURRENT_SEARCH_PREFIX = "./"
+
+      # The XPath search prefix to search anywhere in the current element's subtree, +.//+
+      SUBTREE_SEARCH_PREFIX = ".//"
     end
   end
 end
+
+require_relative "xpath/syntax_error"
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/xpath/syntax_error.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/xpath/syntax_error.rb
index b4a2b6f094..8fa6e9bda6 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/xpath/syntax_error.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/xpath/syntax_error.rb
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     module XPath
       class SyntaxError < XML::SyntaxError
         def to_s
-          [super.chomp, str1].compact.join(': ')
+          [super.chomp, str1].compact.join(": ")
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xml/xpath_context.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xml/xpath_context.rb
index 787e9aeeca..5274a5d709 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xml/xpath_context.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xml/xpath_context.rb
@@ -1,17 +1,16 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class XPathContext
-
       ###
       # Register namespaces in +namespaces+
       def register_namespaces(namespaces)
         namespaces.each do |k, v|
-          k = k.to_s.gsub(/.*:/,'') # strip off 'xmlns:' or 'xml:'
+          k = k.to_s.gsub(/.*:/, "") # strip off 'xmlns:' or 'xml:'
           register_ns(k, v)
         end
       end
-
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xslt.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xslt.rb
index 50cdcaf9ae..77d8ffaa26 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xslt.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xslt.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
+# coding: utf-8
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-require 'nokogiri/xslt/stylesheet'
 
 module Nokogiri
   class << self
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ class << self
     #
     #   xslt = Nokogiri::XSLT(File.read(ARGV[0]))
     #
-    def XSLT stylesheet, modules = {}
+    def XSLT(stylesheet, modules = {})
       XSLT.parse(stylesheet, modules)
     end
   end
@@ -22,36 +22,44 @@ module XSLT
     class << self
       ###
       # Parse the stylesheet in +string+, register any +modules+
-      def parse string, modules = {}
+      def parse(string, modules = {})
         modules.each do |url, klass|
-          XSLT.register url, klass
+          XSLT.register(url, klass)
         end
 
+        doc = XML::Document.parse(string, nil, nil, XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_XSLT)
         if Nokogiri.jruby?
-          Stylesheet.parse_stylesheet_doc(XML.parse(string), string)
+          Stylesheet.parse_stylesheet_doc(doc, string)
         else
-          Stylesheet.parse_stylesheet_doc(XML.parse(string))
+          Stylesheet.parse_stylesheet_doc(doc)
         end
       end
 
-      ###
-      # Quote parameters in +params+ for stylesheet safety
-      def quote_params params
-        parray = (params.instance_of?(Hash) ? params.to_a.flatten : params).dup
-        parray.each_with_index do |v,i|
-          if i % 2 > 0
-            parray[i]=
-              if v =~ /'/
-                "concat('#{ v.gsub(/'/, %q{', "'", '}) }')"
-              else
-                "'#{v}'";
-              end
+      # :call-seq:
+      #   quote_params(params) → Array
+      #
+      # Quote parameters in +params+ for stylesheet safety.
+      # See Nokogiri::XSLT::Stylesheet.transform for example usage.
+      #
+      # [Parameters]
+      # - +params+ (Hash, Array) XSLT parameters (key->value, or tuples of [key, value])
+      #
+      # [Returns] Array of string parameters, with quotes correctly escaped for use with XSLT::Stylesheet.transform
+      #
+      def quote_params(params)
+        params.flatten.each_slice(2).each_with_object([]) do |kv, quoted_params|
+          key, value = kv.map(&:to_s)
+          value = if /'/.match?(value)
+            "concat('#{value.gsub(/'/, %q{', "'", '})}')"
           else
-            parray[i] = v.to_s
+            "'#{value}'"
           end
+          quoted_params << key
+          quoted_params << value
         end
-        parray.flatten
       end
     end
   end
 end
+
+require_relative "xslt/stylesheet"
diff --git a/lib/nokogiri/xslt/stylesheet.rb b/lib/nokogiri/xslt/stylesheet.rb
index acdd9cb3f1..bd507cfe91 100644
--- a/lib/nokogiri/xslt/stylesheet.rb
+++ b/lib/nokogiri/xslt/stylesheet.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Nokogiri
   module XSLT
     ###
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ class Stylesheet
       # Apply an XSLT stylesheet to an XML::Document.
       # +params+ is an array of strings used as XSLT parameters.
       # returns serialized document
-      def apply_to document, params = []
+      def apply_to(document, params = [])
         serialize(transform(document, params))
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/xercesImpl.jar b/lib/xercesImpl.jar
index b69d01dac3..ccbae9f456 100644
Binary files a/lib/xercesImpl.jar and b/lib/xercesImpl.jar differ
diff --git a/lib/xsd/xmlparser/nokogiri.rb b/lib/xsd/xmlparser/nokogiri.rb
index 2bf543e979..f75f963ebe 100644
--- a/lib/xsd/xmlparser/nokogiri.rb
+++ b/lib/xsd/xmlparser/nokogiri.rb
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-require 'nokogiri'
 
-module XSD # :nodoc:
-  module XMLParser # :nodoc:
+require "nokogiri"
+
+module XSD
+  module XMLParser
     ###
     # Nokogiri XML parser for soap4r.
     #
@@ -27,40 +28,40 @@ module XMLParser # :nodoc:
     class Nokogiri < XSD::XMLParser::Parser
       ###
       # Create a new XSD parser with +host+ and +opt+
-      def initialize host, opt = {}
+      def initialize(host, opt = {})
         super
-        @parser = ::Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser.new(self, @charset || 'UTF-8')
+        @parser = ::Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser.new(self, @charset || "UTF-8")
       end
 
       ###
       # Start parsing +string_or_readable+
-      def do_parse string_or_readable
+      def do_parse(string_or_readable)
         @parser.parse(string_or_readable)
       end
 
       ###
       # Handle the start_element event with +name+ and +attrs+
-      def start_element name, attrs = []
+      def start_element(name, attrs = [])
         super(name, Hash[*attrs.flatten])
       end
 
       ###
       # Handle the end_element event with +name+
-      def end_element name
+      def end_element(name)
         super
       end
 
       ###
       # Handle errors with message +msg+
-      def error msg
-        raise ParseError.new(msg)
+      def error(msg)
+        raise ParseError, msg
       end
-      alias :warning :error
+      alias_method :warning, :error
 
       ###
       # Handle cdata_blocks containing +string+
-      def cdata_block string
-        characters string
+      def cdata_block(string)
+        characters(string)
       end
 
       ###
@@ -70,16 +71,16 @@ def cdata_block string
       # +prefix+ is the namespace prefix for the element
       # +uri+ is the associated namespace URI
       # +ns+ is a hash of namespace prefix:urls associated with the element
-      def start_element_namespace name, attrs = [], prefix = nil, uri = nil, ns = []
+      def start_element_namespace(name, attrs = [], prefix = nil, uri = nil, ns = [])
         ###
         # Deal with SAX v1 interface
-        name = [prefix, name].compact.join(':')
-        attributes = ns.map { |ns_prefix,ns_uri|
-          [['xmlns', ns_prefix].compact.join(':'), ns_uri]
-        } + attrs.map { |attr|
-          [[attr.prefix, attr.localname].compact.join(':'), attr.value]
-        }.flatten
-        start_element name, attributes
+        name = [prefix, name].compact.join(":")
+        attributes = ns.map do |ns_prefix, ns_uri|
+          [["xmlns", ns_prefix].compact.join(":"), ns_uri]
+        end + attrs.map do |attr|
+          [[attr.prefix, attr.localname].compact.join(":"), attr.value]
+        end.flatten
+        start_element(name, attributes)
       end
 
       ###
@@ -87,13 +88,13 @@ def start_element_namespace name, attrs = [], prefix = nil, uri = nil, ns = []
       # +name+ is the element's name
       # +prefix+ is the namespace prefix associated with the element
       # +uri+ is the associated namespace URI
-      def end_element_namespace name, prefix = nil, uri = nil
+      def end_element_namespace(name, prefix = nil, uri = nil)
         ###
         # Deal with SAX v1 interface
-        end_element [prefix, name].compact.join(':')
+        end_element([prefix, name].compact.join(":"))
       end
 
-      %w{ xmldecl start_document end_document comment }.each do |name|
+      ["xmldecl", "start_document", "end_document", "comment"].each do |name|
         class_eval %{ def #{name}(*args); end }
       end
 
diff --git a/misc/rdoc-tweaks.css b/misc/rdoc-tweaks.css
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0bdf9a5438
--- /dev/null
+++ b/misc/rdoc-tweaks.css
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+.ruby-comment {
+  color: #aaa;
+}
+
+main header h3 {
+  padding-top: 2px !important;
+}
+
+.constants-list .mixin-from {
+  padding-top: 0.4em;
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+.constants-list > dl {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-flow: row wrap;
+}
+.constants-list > dl dt {
+  flex-basis: 35%;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  margin-bottom: 0.2em;
+  font-size: 100%;
+}
+.constants-list > dl dd {
+  flex-basis: 65%;
+  flex-grow: 1;
+  margin-bottom: 0.2em;
+}
diff --git a/misc/ruby-maven-3.3.12.gem b/misc/ruby-maven-3.3.12.gem
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..09255dd2f1
Binary files /dev/null and b/misc/ruby-maven-3.3.12.gem differ
diff --git a/nokogiri.gemspec b/nokogiri.gemspec
index cfbd69c50b..841ff1fde3 100644
--- a/nokogiri.gemspec
+++ b/nokogiri.gemspec
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ rescue LoadError
 end
 
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
-  java_p = /java/ === RUBY_PLATFORM
+  java_p = /java/.match?(RUBY_PLATFORM)
 
   spec.name = "nokogiri"
   spec.version = defined?(Nokogiri::VERSION) ? Nokogiri::VERSION : "0.0.0"
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
     "Akinori MUSHA",
     "John Shahid",
     "Karol Bucek",
+    "Sam Ruby",
+    "Craig Barnes",
+    "Stephen Checkoway",
     "Lars Kanis",
     "Sergio Arbeo",
     "Timothy Elliott",
@@ -37,7 +40,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
 
   spec.license = "MIT"
 
-  spec.required_ruby_version = ">= 2.5.0"
+  spec.required_ruby_version = ">= 2.6.0"
 
   spec.homepage = "https://nokogiri.org"
   spec.metadata = {
@@ -46,6 +49,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
     "documentation_uri" => "https://nokogiri.org/rdoc/index.html",
     "changelog_uri" => "https://nokogiri.org/CHANGELOG.html",
     "source_code_uri" => "https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri",
+    "rubygems_mfa_required" => "true",
   }
 
   spec.files = [
@@ -56,11 +60,11 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
     "bin/nokogiri",
     "dependencies.yml",
     "ext/java/nokogiri/EncodingHandler.java",
-    "ext/java/nokogiri/HtmlDocument.java",
-    "ext/java/nokogiri/HtmlElementDescription.java",
-    "ext/java/nokogiri/HtmlEntityLookup.java",
-    "ext/java/nokogiri/HtmlSaxParserContext.java",
-    "ext/java/nokogiri/HtmlSaxPushParser.java",
+    "ext/java/nokogiri/Html4Document.java",
+    "ext/java/nokogiri/Html4ElementDescription.java",
+    "ext/java/nokogiri/Html4EntityLookup.java",
+    "ext/java/nokogiri/Html4SaxParserContext.java",
+    "ext/java/nokogiri/Html4SaxPushParser.java",
     "ext/java/nokogiri/NokogiriService.java",
     "ext/java/nokogiri/XmlAttr.java",
     "ext/java/nokogiri/XmlAttributeDecl.java",
@@ -144,11 +148,11 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
     "ext/java/nokogiri/internals/dom2dtm/DOM2DTMdefaultNamespaceDeclarationNode.java",
     "ext/nokogiri/depend",
     "ext/nokogiri/extconf.rb",
-    "ext/nokogiri/html_document.c",
-    "ext/nokogiri/html_element_description.c",
-    "ext/nokogiri/html_entity_lookup.c",
-    "ext/nokogiri/html_sax_parser_context.c",
-    "ext/nokogiri/html_sax_push_parser.c",
+    "ext/nokogiri/html4_document.c",
+    "ext/nokogiri/html4_element_description.c",
+    "ext/nokogiri/html4_entity_lookup.c",
+    "ext/nokogiri/html4_sax_parser_context.c",
+    "ext/nokogiri/html4_sax_push_parser.c",
     "ext/nokogiri/libxml2_backwards_compat.c",
     "ext/nokogiri/nokogiri.c",
     "ext/nokogiri/nokogiri.h",
@@ -178,11 +182,57 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
     "ext/nokogiri/xml_text.c",
     "ext/nokogiri/xml_xpath_context.c",
     "ext/nokogiri/xslt_stylesheet.c",
+    "gumbo-parser/CHANGES.md",
+    "gumbo-parser/Makefile",
+    "gumbo-parser/THANKS",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/Makefile",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/README.md",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/ascii.c",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/ascii.h",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/attribute.c",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/attribute.h",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/char_ref.c",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/char_ref.h",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/char_ref.rl",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/error.c",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/error.h",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/foreign_attrs.c",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/foreign_attrs.gperf",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/gumbo.h",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/insertion_mode.h",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/macros.h",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/parser.c",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/parser.h",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/replacement.h",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/string_buffer.c",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/string_buffer.h",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/string_piece.c",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/svg_attrs.c",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/svg_attrs.gperf",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/svg_tags.c",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/svg_tags.gperf",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/tag.c",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/tag_lookup.c",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/tag_lookup.gperf",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/tag_lookup.h",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/token_buffer.c",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/token_buffer.h",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/token_type.h",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/tokenizer.c",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/tokenizer.h",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/tokenizer_states.h",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/utf8.c",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/utf8.h",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/util.c",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/util.h",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/vector.c",
+    "gumbo-parser/src/vector.h",
     "lib/isorelax.jar",
     "lib/jing.jar",
     "lib/nekodtd.jar",
     "lib/nekohtml.jar",
     "lib/nokogiri.rb",
+    "lib/nokogiri/class_resolver.rb",
     "lib/nokogiri/css.rb",
     "lib/nokogiri/css/node.rb",
     "lib/nokogiri/css/parser.rb",
@@ -194,16 +244,22 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
     "lib/nokogiri/css/xpath_visitor.rb",
     "lib/nokogiri/decorators/slop.rb",
     "lib/nokogiri/extension.rb",
+    "lib/nokogiri/gumbo.rb",
     "lib/nokogiri/html.rb",
-    "lib/nokogiri/html/builder.rb",
-    "lib/nokogiri/html/document.rb",
-    "lib/nokogiri/html/document_fragment.rb",
-    "lib/nokogiri/html/element_description.rb",
-    "lib/nokogiri/html/element_description_defaults.rb",
-    "lib/nokogiri/html/entity_lookup.rb",
-    "lib/nokogiri/html/sax/parser.rb",
-    "lib/nokogiri/html/sax/parser_context.rb",
-    "lib/nokogiri/html/sax/push_parser.rb",
+    "lib/nokogiri/html4.rb",
+    "lib/nokogiri/html4/builder.rb",
+    "lib/nokogiri/html4/document.rb",
+    "lib/nokogiri/html4/document_fragment.rb",
+    "lib/nokogiri/html4/element_description.rb",
+    "lib/nokogiri/html4/element_description_defaults.rb",
+    "lib/nokogiri/html4/entity_lookup.rb",
+    "lib/nokogiri/html4/sax/parser.rb",
+    "lib/nokogiri/html4/sax/parser_context.rb",
+    "lib/nokogiri/html4/sax/push_parser.rb",
+    "lib/nokogiri/html5.rb",
+    "lib/nokogiri/html5/document.rb",
+    "lib/nokogiri/html5/document_fragment.rb",
+    "lib/nokogiri/html5/node.rb",
     "lib/nokogiri/jruby/dependencies.rb",
     "lib/nokogiri/syntax_error.rb",
     "lib/nokogiri/version.rb",
@@ -262,21 +318,25 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.extra_rdoc_files += Dir.glob("README.md")
   spec.rdoc_options = ["--main", "README.md"]
 
+  spec.add_runtime_dependency("mini_portile2", "~> 2.8.0") unless java_p # keep version in sync with extconf.rb
   spec.add_runtime_dependency("racc", "~> 1.4")
-  spec.add_runtime_dependency("mini_portile2", "~> 2.5.0") unless java_p # keep version in sync with extconf.rb
 
   spec.add_development_dependency("bundler", "~> 2.2")
-  spec.add_development_dependency("concourse", "~> 0.41")
   spec.add_development_dependency("hoe-markdown", "~> 1.4")
-  spec.add_development_dependency("minitest", "~> 5.8")
+  spec.add_development_dependency("minitest", "~> 5.15")
   spec.add_development_dependency("minitest-reporters", "~> 1.4")
   spec.add_development_dependency("rake", "~> 13.0")
-  spec.add_development_dependency("rake-compiler", "~> 1.1")
-  spec.add_development_dependency("rake-compiler-dock", "~> 1.1")
-  spec.add_development_dependency("rexical", "~> 1.0.5")
-  spec.add_development_dependency("rubocop", "~> 1.7")
-  spec.add_development_dependency("simplecov", "~> 0.20")
-  spec.add_development_dependency("yard", "~> 0.9")
+  spec.add_development_dependency("rake-compiler", "= 1.1.7")
+  spec.add_development_dependency("rake-compiler-dock", "= 1.2.2")
+  spec.add_development_dependency("rdoc", "~> 6.3")
+  spec.add_development_dependency("rexical", "~> 1.0.7")
+  spec.add_development_dependency("rubocop", "~> 1.30.1")
+  spec.add_development_dependency("rubocop-minitest", "~> 0.17")
+  spec.add_development_dependency("rubocop-performance", "~> 1.12")
+  spec.add_development_dependency("rubocop-rake", "~> 0.6")
+  spec.add_development_dependency("rubocop-shopify", "= 2.5.0")
+  spec.add_development_dependency("ruby_memcheck", "~> 1.0")
+  spec.add_development_dependency("simplecov", "~> 0.21")
 
   spec.extensions << "ext/nokogiri/extconf.rb"
 end
diff --git a/oci-images/nokogiri-test/alpine.dockerfile b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/alpine.dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f3898577d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/alpine.dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+FROM ruby:alpine3.12
+
+# prelude
+RUN apk update
+RUN apk add bash build-base git
+
+# valgrind
+RUN apk add valgrind
+
+# libxml-et-al
+RUN apk add libxml2-dev libxslt-dev pkgconfig
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+COPY Gemfile nokogiri/
+COPY Gemfile.lock nokogiri/
+COPY nokogiri.gemspec nokogiri/
+
+RUN gem install bundler -v "$(grep -A 1 "BUNDLED WITH" nokogiri/Gemfile.lock | tail -n 1)"
+RUN cd nokogiri && bundle install
+
diff --git a/concourse/images/Dockerfile.alpine.erb b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/alpine.erb
similarity index 85%
rename from concourse/images/Dockerfile.alpine.erb
rename to oci-images/nokogiri-test/alpine.erb
index 855a43525e..f242aa8cdc 100644
--- a/concourse/images/Dockerfile.alpine.erb
+++ b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/alpine.erb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ FROM ruby:alpine3.12
 
 # prelude
 RUN apk update
-RUN apk add bash build-base
+RUN apk add bash build-base git
 
 # valgrind
 RUN apk add valgrind
diff --git a/concourse/images/bundle-install.step b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/bundle-install.step
similarity index 100%
rename from concourse/images/bundle-install.step
rename to oci-images/nokogiri-test/bundle-install.step
diff --git a/oci-images/nokogiri-test/debian-libxml-et-al.step b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/debian-libxml-et-al.step
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..74f0cd7ea9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/debian-libxml-et-al.step
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+RUN apt-get install -y libxslt-dev libxml2-dev zlib1g-dev pkg-config
diff --git a/concourse/images/debian-prelude.step b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/debian-prelude.step
similarity index 82%
rename from concourse/images/debian-prelude.step
rename to oci-images/nokogiri-test/debian-prelude.step
index 4f22d60ad4..016490e33c 100644
--- a/concourse/images/debian-prelude.step
+++ b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/debian-prelude.step
@@ -2,4 +2,5 @@
 
 ARG DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
 RUN apt-get update
+RUN apt-get upgrade -y
 RUN apt-get install -y apt-utils
diff --git a/concourse/images/debian-ruby.step b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/debian-ruby.step
similarity index 100%
rename from concourse/images/debian-ruby.step
rename to oci-images/nokogiri-test/debian-ruby.step
diff --git a/concourse/images/debian-valgrind.step b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/debian-valgrind.step
similarity index 100%
rename from concourse/images/debian-valgrind.step
rename to oci-images/nokogiri-test/debian-valgrind.step
diff --git a/oci-images/nokogiri-test/mri-2.6.dockerfile b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/mri-2.6.dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..36ec632382
--- /dev/null
+++ b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/mri-2.6.dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+FROM ruby:2.6
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+ARG DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
+RUN apt-get update
+RUN apt-get upgrade -y
+RUN apt-get install -y apt-utils
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+RUN apt-get install -y valgrind
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+RUN apt-get install -y libxslt-dev libxml2-dev zlib1g-dev pkg-config
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+RUN gem install bundler
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+COPY Gemfile nokogiri/
+COPY Gemfile.lock nokogiri/
+COPY nokogiri.gemspec nokogiri/
+
+RUN gem install bundler -v "$(grep -A 1 "BUNDLED WITH" nokogiri/Gemfile.lock | tail -n 1)"
+RUN cd nokogiri && bundle install
+
diff --git a/oci-images/nokogiri-test/mri-2.7.dockerfile b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/mri-2.7.dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..47c3ada0ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/mri-2.7.dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+FROM ruby:2.7
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+ARG DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
+RUN apt-get update
+RUN apt-get upgrade -y
+RUN apt-get install -y apt-utils
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+RUN apt-get install -y valgrind
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+RUN apt-get install -y libxslt-dev libxml2-dev zlib1g-dev pkg-config
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+RUN gem install bundler
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+COPY Gemfile nokogiri/
+COPY Gemfile.lock nokogiri/
+COPY nokogiri.gemspec nokogiri/
+
+RUN gem install bundler -v "$(grep -A 1 "BUNDLED WITH" nokogiri/Gemfile.lock | tail -n 1)"
+RUN cd nokogiri && bundle install
+
diff --git a/oci-images/nokogiri-test/mri-3.0.dockerfile b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/mri-3.0.dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..467f87cc0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/mri-3.0.dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+FROM ruby:3.0
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+ARG DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
+RUN apt-get update
+RUN apt-get upgrade -y
+RUN apt-get install -y apt-utils
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+RUN apt-get install -y valgrind
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+RUN apt-get install -y libxslt-dev libxml2-dev zlib1g-dev pkg-config
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+RUN gem install bundler
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+COPY Gemfile nokogiri/
+COPY Gemfile.lock nokogiri/
+COPY nokogiri.gemspec nokogiri/
+
+RUN gem install bundler -v "$(grep -A 1 "BUNDLED WITH" nokogiri/Gemfile.lock | tail -n 1)"
+RUN cd nokogiri && bundle install
+
diff --git a/oci-images/nokogiri-test/mri-3.1.dockerfile b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/mri-3.1.dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..35bb090b80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/mri-3.1.dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+FROM ruby:3.1
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+ARG DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
+RUN apt-get update
+RUN apt-get upgrade -y
+RUN apt-get install -y apt-utils
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+RUN apt-get install -y valgrind
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+RUN apt-get install -y libxslt-dev libxml2-dev zlib1g-dev pkg-config
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+RUN gem install bundler
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+COPY Gemfile nokogiri/
+COPY Gemfile.lock nokogiri/
+COPY nokogiri.gemspec nokogiri/
+
+RUN gem install bundler -v "$(grep -A 1 "BUNDLED WITH" nokogiri/Gemfile.lock | tail -n 1)"
+RUN cd nokogiri && bundle install
+
diff --git a/concourse/images/Dockerfile.mri.erb b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/mri.erb
similarity index 100%
rename from concourse/images/Dockerfile.mri.erb
rename to oci-images/nokogiri-test/mri.erb
diff --git a/oci-images/nokogiri-test/truffle-nightly.dockerfile b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/truffle-nightly.dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7e98b99db2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/truffle-nightly.dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+FROM ghcr.io/flavorjones/truffleruby:nightly
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+ARG DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
+RUN apt-get update
+RUN apt-get upgrade -y
+RUN apt-get install -y apt-utils
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+RUN apt-get install -y valgrind
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+RUN apt-get install -y libxslt-dev libxml2-dev zlib1g-dev pkg-config
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+RUN gem install bundler
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+COPY Gemfile nokogiri/
+COPY Gemfile.lock nokogiri/
+COPY nokogiri.gemspec nokogiri/
+
+RUN gem install bundler -v "$(grep -A 1 "BUNDLED WITH" nokogiri/Gemfile.lock | tail -n 1)"
+RUN cd nokogiri && bundle install
+
diff --git a/concourse/images/Dockerfile.truffle.erb b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/truffle.erb
similarity index 79%
rename from concourse/images/Dockerfile.truffle.erb
rename to oci-images/nokogiri-test/truffle.erb
index 80d840f90b..778cb578ee 100644
--- a/concourse/images/Dockerfile.truffle.erb
+++ b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/truffle.erb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM flavorjones/truffleruby:<%= version %>
+FROM ghcr.io/flavorjones/truffleruby:<%= version %>
 
 <%= File.read "debian-prelude.step" %>
 
diff --git a/oci-images/nokogiri-test/ubuntu.dockerfile b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/ubuntu.dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7768eb1d45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/ubuntu.dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+FROM ubuntu:focal
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+ARG DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
+RUN apt-get update
+RUN apt-get upgrade -y
+RUN apt-get install -y apt-utils
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+RUN apt-get install -y libxslt-dev libxml2-dev zlib1g-dev pkg-config
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+RUN apt-get install -y ruby ruby-dev bundler
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+COPY Gemfile nokogiri/
+COPY Gemfile.lock nokogiri/
+COPY nokogiri.gemspec nokogiri/
+
+RUN gem install bundler -v "$(grep -A 1 "BUNDLED WITH" nokogiri/Gemfile.lock | tail -n 1)"
+RUN cd nokogiri && bundle install
+
diff --git a/concourse/images/Dockerfile.bionic.erb b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/ubuntu.erb
similarity index 89%
rename from concourse/images/Dockerfile.bionic.erb
rename to oci-images/nokogiri-test/ubuntu.erb
index 1a25403f7a..38c16a82d3 100644
--- a/concourse/images/Dockerfile.bionic.erb
+++ b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/ubuntu.erb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM ubuntu:bionic
+FROM ubuntu:focal
 
 <%= File.read "debian-prelude.step" %>
 
diff --git a/oci-images/nokogiri-test/ubuntu32.dockerfile b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/ubuntu32.dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fdc8cf72a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/ubuntu32.dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+FROM i386/ubuntu:focal
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+ARG DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
+RUN apt-get update
+RUN apt-get upgrade -y
+RUN apt-get install -y apt-utils
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+RUN apt-get install -y libxslt-dev libxml2-dev zlib1g-dev pkg-config
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+RUN apt-get install -y ruby ruby-dev bundler
+
+
+# -*- dockerfile -*-
+
+COPY Gemfile nokogiri/
+COPY Gemfile.lock nokogiri/
+COPY nokogiri.gemspec nokogiri/
+
+RUN gem install bundler -v "$(grep -A 1 "BUNDLED WITH" nokogiri/Gemfile.lock | tail -n 1)"
+RUN cd nokogiri && bundle install
+
diff --git a/concourse/images/Dockerfile.bionic32.erb b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/ubuntu32.erb
similarity index 87%
rename from concourse/images/Dockerfile.bionic32.erb
rename to oci-images/nokogiri-test/ubuntu32.erb
index c6d2b48270..7b5c084e0e 100644
--- a/concourse/images/Dockerfile.bionic32.erb
+++ b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/ubuntu32.erb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM i386/ubuntu:bionic
+FROM i386/ubuntu:focal
 
 <%= File.read "debian-prelude.step" %>
 
diff --git a/concourse/images/update-bundler.step b/oci-images/nokogiri-test/update-bundler.step
similarity index 100%
rename from concourse/images/update-bundler.step
rename to oci-images/nokogiri-test/update-bundler.step
diff --git a/patches/libxml2/0002-Remove-script-macro-support.patch b/patches/libxml2/0001-Remove-script-macro-support.patch
similarity index 100%
rename from patches/libxml2/0002-Remove-script-macro-support.patch
rename to patches/libxml2/0001-Remove-script-macro-support.patch
diff --git a/patches/libxml2/0001-Revert-Do-not-URI-escape-in-server-side-includes.patch b/patches/libxml2/0001-Revert-Do-not-URI-escape-in-server-side-includes.patch
deleted file mode 100644
index e3ef2f2a68..0000000000
--- a/patches/libxml2/0001-Revert-Do-not-URI-escape-in-server-side-includes.patch
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,78 +0,0 @@
-From c5538465c08a8ea248a370bf55bc39cd3385e4af Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
-From: Mike Dalessio <mike.dalessio@gmail.com>
-Date: Thu, 29 Mar 2018 14:09:00 -0400
-Subject: [PATCH] Revert "Do not URI escape in server side includes"
-
-This reverts commit 960f0e275616cadc29671a218d7fb9b69eb35588.
----
- HTMLtree.c | 49 +++++++++++--------------------------------------
- 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+), 38 deletions(-)
-
-diff --git a/HTMLtree.c b/HTMLtree.c
-index 2fd0c9c..67160c5 100644
---- a/HTMLtree.c
-+++ b/HTMLtree.c
-@@ -717,49 +717,22 @@ htmlAttrDumpOutput(xmlOutputBufferPtr buf, xmlDocPtr doc, xmlAttrPtr cur,
- 		 (!xmlStrcasecmp(cur->name, BAD_CAST "src")) ||
- 		 ((!xmlStrcasecmp(cur->name, BAD_CAST "name")) &&
- 		  (!xmlStrcasecmp(cur->parent->name, BAD_CAST "a"))))) {
-+		xmlChar *escaped;
- 		xmlChar *tmp = value;
--		/* xmlURIEscapeStr() escapes '"' so it can be safely used. */
--		xmlBufCCat(buf->buffer, "\"");
- 
- 		while (IS_BLANK_CH(*tmp)) tmp++;
- 
--		/* URI Escape everything, except server side includes. */
--		for ( ; ; ) {
--		    xmlChar *escaped;
--		    xmlChar endChar;
--		    xmlChar *end = NULL;
--		    xmlChar *start = (xmlChar *)xmlStrstr(tmp, BAD_CAST "<!--");
--		    if (start != NULL) {
--			end = (xmlChar *)xmlStrstr(tmp, BAD_CAST "-->");
--			if (end != NULL) {
--			    *start = '\0';
--			}
--		    }
--
--		    /* Escape the whole string, or until start (set to '\0'). */
--		    escaped = xmlURIEscapeStr(tmp, BAD_CAST"@/:=?;#%&,+");
--		    if (escaped != NULL) {
--		        xmlBufCat(buf->buffer, escaped);
--		        xmlFree(escaped);
--		    } else {
--		        xmlBufCat(buf->buffer, tmp);
--		    }
--
--		    if (end == NULL) { /* Everything has been written. */
--			break;
--		    }
--
--		    /* Do not escape anything within server side includes. */
--		    *start = '<'; /* Restore the first character of "<!--". */
--		    end += 3; /* strlen("-->") */
--		    endChar = *end;
--		    *end = '\0';
--		    xmlBufCat(buf->buffer, start);
--		    *end = endChar;
--		    tmp = end;
-+		/*
-+		 * the < and > have already been escaped at the entity level
-+		 * And doing so here breaks server side includes
-+		 */
-+		escaped = xmlURIEscapeStr(tmp, BAD_CAST"@/:=?;#%&,+<>");
-+		if (escaped != NULL) {
-+		    xmlBufWriteQuotedString(buf->buffer, escaped);
-+		    xmlFree(escaped);
-+		} else {
-+		    xmlBufWriteQuotedString(buf->buffer, value);
- 		}
--
--		xmlBufCCat(buf->buffer, "\"");
- 	    } else {
- 		xmlBufWriteQuotedString(buf->buffer, value);
- 	    }
--- 
-2.9.5
-
diff --git a/patches/libxml2/0003-Update-entities-to-remove-handling-of-ssi.patch b/patches/libxml2/0002-Update-entities-to-remove-handling-of-ssi.patch
similarity index 100%
rename from patches/libxml2/0003-Update-entities-to-remove-handling-of-ssi.patch
rename to patches/libxml2/0002-Update-entities-to-remove-handling-of-ssi.patch
diff --git a/patches/libxml2/0004-libxml2.la-is-in-top_builddir.patch b/patches/libxml2/0003-libxml2.la-is-in-top_builddir.patch
similarity index 94%
rename from patches/libxml2/0004-libxml2.la-is-in-top_builddir.patch
rename to patches/libxml2/0003-libxml2.la-is-in-top_builddir.patch
index 30c81dc77c..b6add83769 100644
--- a/patches/libxml2/0004-libxml2.la-is-in-top_builddir.patch
+++ b/patches/libxml2/0003-libxml2.la-is-in-top_builddir.patch
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ index cf96d41..1372d8b 100644
  	}
  
 -libxml2.la: $(libxml2_la_OBJECTS) $(libxml2_la_DEPENDENCIES) $(EXTRA_libxml2_la_DEPENDENCIES) 
-+$(top_builddir)/libxml2.la: $(libxml2_la_OBJECTS) $(libxml2_la_DEPENDENCIES) $(EXTRA_libxml2_la_DEPENDENCIES) 
++$(top_builddir)/libxml2.la: $(libxml2_la_OBJECTS) $(libxml2_la_DEPENDENCIES) $(EXTRA_libxml2_la_DEPENDENCIES)
  	$(AM_V_CCLD)$(libxml2_la_LINK) -rpath $(libdir) $(libxml2_la_OBJECTS) $(libxml2_la_LIBADD) $(LIBS)
  
  testdso.la: $(testdso_la_OBJECTS) $(testdso_la_DEPENDENCIES) $(EXTRA_testdso_la_DEPENDENCIES) 
diff --git a/patches/libxml2/0005-Fix-infinite-loop-in-xmlStringLenDecodeEntities.patch b/patches/libxml2/0005-Fix-infinite-loop-in-xmlStringLenDecodeEntities.patch
deleted file mode 100644
index 56026fb569..0000000000
--- a/patches/libxml2/0005-Fix-infinite-loop-in-xmlStringLenDecodeEntities.patch
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-From 0e1a49c8907645d2e155f0d89d4d9895ac5112b5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
-From: Zhipeng Xie <xiezhipeng1@huawei.com>
-Date: Thu, 12 Dec 2019 17:30:55 +0800
-Subject: [PATCH] Fix infinite loop in xmlStringLenDecodeEntities
-
-When ctxt->instate == XML_PARSER_EOF,xmlParseStringEntityRef
-return NULL which cause a infinite loop in xmlStringLenDecodeEntities
-
-Found with libFuzzer.
-
-Signed-off-by: Zhipeng Xie <xiezhipeng1@huawei.com>
----
- parser.c | 3 ++-
- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
-
-diff --git a/parser.c b/parser.c
-index d1c3196..a34bb6c 100644
---- a/parser.c
-+++ b/parser.c
-@@ -2646,7 +2646,8 @@ xmlStringLenDecodeEntities(xmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt, const xmlChar *str, int len,
-     else
-         c = 0;
-     while ((c != 0) && (c != end) && /* non input consuming loop */
--	   (c != end2) && (c != end3)) {
-+           (c != end2) && (c != end3) &&
-+           (ctxt->instate != XML_PARSER_EOF)) {
- 
- 	if (c == 0) break;
-         if ((c == '&') && (str[1] == '#')) {
--- 
-2.17.1
-
diff --git a/patches/libxml2/0009-avoid-isnan-isinf.patch b/patches/libxml2/0005-avoid-isnan-isinf.patch
similarity index 94%
rename from patches/libxml2/0009-avoid-isnan-isinf.patch
rename to patches/libxml2/0005-avoid-isnan-isinf.patch
index ffd82cba6c..38a867522b 100644
--- a/patches/libxml2/0009-avoid-isnan-isinf.patch
+++ b/patches/libxml2/0005-avoid-isnan-isinf.patch
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ diff --git a/xpath.c b/xpath.c
 index 9f64ab9..5b6d999 100644
 --- a/xpath.c
 +++ b/xpath.c
-@@ -509,11 +509,7 @@ xmlXPathInit(void) {
+@@ -515,11 +515,7 @@ xmlXPathInit(void) {
   */
  int
  xmlXPathIsNaN(double val) {
@@ -63,16 +63,16 @@ index 9f64ab9..5b6d999 100644
  }
  
  /**
-@@ -524,15 +520,11 @@ xmlXPathIsNaN(double val) {
+@@ -530,15 +530,11 @@ xmlXPathIsNaN(double val) {
   */
  int
  xmlXPathIsInf(double val) {
 -#ifdef isinf
 -    return isinf(val) ? (val > 0 ? 1 : -1) : 0;
 -#else
-     if (val >= INFINITY)
+     if (val >= xmlXPathPINF)
          return 1;
-     if (val <= -INFINITY)
+     if (val <= -xmlXPathPINF)
          return -1;
      return 0;
 -#endif
diff --git a/patches/libxml2/0006-htmlParseComment-treat-as-if-it-closed-the-comment.patch b/patches/libxml2/0006-htmlParseComment-treat-as-if-it-closed-the-comment.patch
deleted file mode 100644
index 5a687dfba1..0000000000
--- a/patches/libxml2/0006-htmlParseComment-treat-as-if-it-closed-the-comment.patch
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-From 4f51a6d2b1755ce5b36c524c215aad70d864ac1d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
-From: Mike Dalessio <mike.dalessio@gmail.com>
-Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2020 17:36:05 -0400
-Subject: [PATCH 1/2] htmlParseComment: treat `--!>` as if it closed the
- comment
-
-See guidance provided on incorrectly-closed comments here:
-
-https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parse-error-incorrectly-closed-comment
----
- HTMLparser.c | 28 ++++++++++++++++++++--------
- 1 file changed, 20 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
-
-diff --git a/HTMLparser.c b/HTMLparser.c
-index 7b6d689..4d43479 100644
---- a/HTMLparser.c
-+++ b/HTMLparser.c
-@@ -3300,6 +3300,7 @@ htmlParseComment(htmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt) {
-     int q, ql;
-     int r, rl;
-     int cur, l;
-+    int next, nl;
-     xmlParserInputState state;
- 
-     /*
-@@ -3332,6 +3333,21 @@ htmlParseComment(htmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt) {
-     while (IS_CHAR(cur) &&
-            ((cur != '>') ||
- 	    (r != '-') || (q != '-'))) {
-+	NEXTL(l);
-+	next = CUR_CHAR(nl);
-+	if (next == 0) {
-+	    SHRINK;
-+	    GROW;
-+	    next = CUR_CHAR(nl);
-+	}
-+
-+	if ((q == '-') && (r == '-') && (cur == '!') && (next == '>')) {
-+	  htmlParseErr(ctxt, XML_ERR_COMMENT_NOT_FINISHED,
-+		       "Comment incorrectly closed by '--!>'", NULL, NULL);
-+	  cur = '>';
-+	  break;
-+	}
-+
- 	if (len + 5 >= size) {
- 	    xmlChar *tmp;
- 
-@@ -3345,18 +3361,14 @@ htmlParseComment(htmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt) {
- 	    }
- 	    buf = tmp;
- 	}
--	COPY_BUF(ql,buf,len,q);
-+        COPY_BUF(ql,buf,len,q);
-+
- 	q = r;
- 	ql = rl;
- 	r = cur;
- 	rl = l;
--	NEXTL(l);
--	cur = CUR_CHAR(l);
--	if (cur == 0) {
--	    SHRINK;
--	    GROW;
--	    cur = CUR_CHAR(l);
--	}
-+	cur = next;
-+	l = nl;
-     }
-     buf[len] = 0;
-     if (IS_CHAR(cur)) {
--- 
-2.25.1
-
diff --git a/patches/libxml2/0007-use-new-htmlParseLookupCommentEnd-to-find-comment-en.patch b/patches/libxml2/0007-use-new-htmlParseLookupCommentEnd-to-find-comment-en.patch
deleted file mode 100644
index 3ba50bff8e..0000000000
--- a/patches/libxml2/0007-use-new-htmlParseLookupCommentEnd-to-find-comment-en.patch
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,103 +0,0 @@
-From b20d746fa7cbb74716171bc49d836af99927e41e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
-From: Mike Dalessio <mike.dalessio@gmail.com>
-Date: Sun, 11 Oct 2020 14:15:37 -0400
-Subject: [PATCH 2/2] use new htmlParseLookupCommentEnd to find comment ends
-
-Note that the caret in error messages generated during comment parsing
-may have moved by one byte.
-
-See guidance provided on incorrectly-closed comments here:
-
-https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parse-error-incorrectly-closed-comment
----
- HTMLparser.c | 46 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------
- 1 file changed, 37 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)
-
-diff --git a/HTMLparser.c b/HTMLparser.c
-index 4d43479..000dc3d 100644
---- a/HTMLparser.c
-+++ b/HTMLparser.c
-@@ -5331,6 +5331,39 @@ htmlParseLookupChars(htmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt, const xmlChar * stop,
-     return (-1);
- }
- 
-+/**
-+ * htmlParseLookupCommentEnd:
-+ * @ctxt: an HTML parser context
-+ *
-+ * Try to find a comment end tag in the input stream
-+ * The search includes "-->" as well as WHATWG-recommended incorrectly-closed tags.
-+ * (See https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parse-error-incorrectly-closed-comment)
-+ * This function has a side effect of (possibly) incrementing ctxt->checkIndex
-+ * to avoid rescanning sequences of bytes, it DOES change the state of the
-+ * parser, do not use liberally.
-+ * This wraps to htmlParseLookupSequence()
-+ *
-+ * Returns the index to the current parsing point if the full sequence is available, -1 otherwise.
-+ */
-+static int
-+htmlParseLookupCommentEnd(htmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt)
-+{
-+    int mark = 0;
-+    int cur = CUR_PTR - BASE_PTR;
-+
-+    while (mark >= 0) {
-+	mark = htmlParseLookupSequence(ctxt, '-', '-', 0, 1, 1);
-+	if ((mark < 0) ||
-+	    (NXT(mark+2) == '>') ||
-+	    ((NXT(mark+2) == '!') && (NXT(mark+3) == '>'))) {
-+	    return mark;
-+	}
-+	ctxt->checkIndex = cur + mark + 1;
-+    }
-+    return mark;
-+}
-+
-+
- /**
-  * htmlParseTryOrFinish:
-  * @ctxt:  an HTML parser context
-@@ -5507,8 +5540,7 @@ htmlParseTryOrFinish(htmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt, int terminate) {
- 		cur = in->cur[0];
- 	        if ((cur == '<') && (next == '!') &&
- 		    (in->cur[2] == '-') && (in->cur[3] == '-')) {
--		    if ((!terminate) &&
--		        (htmlParseLookupSequence(ctxt, '-', '-', '>', 1, 1) < 0))
-+		    if ((!terminate) && (htmlParseLookupCommentEnd(ctxt) < 0))
- 			goto done;
- #ifdef DEBUG_PUSH
- 		    xmlGenericError(xmlGenericErrorContext,
-@@ -5567,8 +5599,7 @@ htmlParseTryOrFinish(htmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt, int terminate) {
- 		next = in->cur[1];
- 		if ((cur == '<') && (next == '!') &&
- 		    (in->cur[2] == '-') && (in->cur[3] == '-')) {
--		    if ((!terminate) &&
--		        (htmlParseLookupSequence(ctxt, '-', '-', '>', 1, 1) < 0))
-+		    if ((!terminate) && (htmlParseLookupCommentEnd(ctxt) < 0))
- 			goto done;
- #ifdef DEBUG_PUSH
- 		    xmlGenericError(xmlGenericErrorContext,
-@@ -5614,8 +5645,7 @@ htmlParseTryOrFinish(htmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt, int terminate) {
- 		next = in->cur[1];
- 	        if ((cur == '<') && (next == '!') &&
- 		    (in->cur[2] == '-') && (in->cur[3] == '-')) {
--		    if ((!terminate) &&
--		        (htmlParseLookupSequence(ctxt, '-', '-', '>', 1, 1) < 0))
-+		    if ((!terminate) && (htmlParseLookupCommentEnd(ctxt) < 0))
- 			goto done;
- #ifdef DEBUG_PUSH
- 		    xmlGenericError(xmlGenericErrorContext,
-@@ -5871,9 +5901,7 @@ htmlParseTryOrFinish(htmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt, int terminate) {
- 			htmlParseDocTypeDecl(ctxt);
- 		    } else if ((cur == '<') && (next == '!') &&
- 			(in->cur[2] == '-') && (in->cur[3] == '-')) {
--			if ((!terminate) &&
--			    (htmlParseLookupSequence(
--				ctxt, '-', '-', '>', 1, 1) < 0))
-+			if ((!terminate) && (htmlParseLookupCommentEnd(ctxt) < 0))
- 			    goto done;
- #ifdef DEBUG_PUSH
- 			xmlGenericError(xmlGenericErrorContext,
--- 
-2.25.1
-
diff --git a/patches/libxml2/0008-use-glibc-strlen.patch b/patches/libxml2/0008-use-glibc-strlen.patch
deleted file mode 100644
index 26d26e87e9..0000000000
--- a/patches/libxml2/0008-use-glibc-strlen.patch
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-From c94172d2a4451368530db2186190d70be8a1d9e5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
-From: Ilya Zub <ilya@serpapi.com>
-Date: Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:45:29 +0200
-Subject: Use glibc strlen to speed up xmlStrlen
-MIME-Version: 1.0
-Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
-Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-
-xmlStrlen (entire HTML file): 926171.936981 μs
-glibc_xmlStrlen (entire HTML file): 36905.903992 μs
-delta (xmlStrlen ÷ glibc_xmlStrlen): 25.094584 times
-
-xmlStrlen (average string): 57479.204010 μs
-glibc_xmlStrlen (average string): 5802.069000 μs
-delta (xmlStrlen ÷ glibc_xmlStrlen): 9.905937 times
-
-xmlStrlen (bigger string): 388056.315979 μs
-glibc_xmlStrlen (bigger string): 12797.856995 μs
-delta (xmlStrlen ÷ glibc_xmlStrlen): 30.318382 times
-
-xmlStrlen (smallest string): 15870.046021 μs
-glibc_xmlStrlen (smallest string): 6282.208984 μs
-delta (xmlStrlen ÷ glibc_xmlStrlen): 2.527903 times
-
-See https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/issues/212 for reference.
----
- xmlstring.c | 9 ++-------
- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
-
-diff --git a/xmlstring.c b/xmlstring.c
-index e8a1e45d..df247dff 100644
---- a/xmlstring.c
-+++ b/xmlstring.c
-@@ -423,14 +423,9 @@ xmlStrsub(const xmlChar *str, int start, int len) {
-
- int
- xmlStrlen(const xmlChar *str) {
--    int len = 0;
--
-     if (str == NULL) return(0);
--    while (*str != 0) { /* non input consuming */
--        str++;
--        len++;
--    }
--    return(len);
-+
-+    return strlen((const char*)str);
- }
-
- /**
---
-2.29.2
-
diff --git a/patches/libxml2/0009-allow-wildcard-namespaces.patch b/patches/libxml2/0009-allow-wildcard-namespaces.patch
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bd3144acd0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/patches/libxml2/0009-allow-wildcard-namespaces.patch
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+From 74c95ec5932c737d4fcb06b8646b0017364ada14 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: Mike Dalessio <mike.dalessio@gmail.com>
+Date: Fri, 24 Dec 2021 19:08:01 -0500
+Subject: [PATCH] attempt to hack in wildcard namespaces to xpath
+
+I'm not confident this is a bulletproof patch.
+---
+ xpath.c | 24 ++++++++++++++++++------
+ 1 file changed, 18 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
+
+diff --git a/xpath.c b/xpath.c
+index 1aa2f1a..c7f0885 100644
+--- a/xpath.c
++++ b/xpath.c
+@@ -146,6 +146,9 @@
+ #define XPATH_MAX_RECURSION_DEPTH 5000
+ #endif
+ 
++#define WILDCARD_PREFIX "*"
++#define IS_WILDCARD_PREFIX(p) xmlStrEqual((xmlChar*)WILDCARD_PREFIX, p)
++
+ /*
+  * TODO:
+  * There are a few spots where some tests are done which depend upon ascii
+@@ -11073,12 +11076,15 @@ xmlXPathCompNodeTest(xmlXPathParserContextPtr ctxt, xmlXPathTestVal *test,
+     SKIP_BLANKS;
+ 
+     if ((name == NULL) && (CUR == '*')) {
+-	/*
+-	 * All elements
+-	 */
+ 	NEXT;
+-	*test = NODE_TEST_ALL;
+-	return(NULL);
++	if (CUR != ':') {
++	    /*
++	     * All elements
++	     */
++	    *test = NODE_TEST_ALL;
++	    return(NULL);
++	}
++	name = xmlCharStrdup(WILDCARD_PREFIX);
+     }
+ 
+     if (name == NULL)
+@@ -11327,6 +11333,10 @@ xmlXPathCompStep(xmlXPathParserContextPtr ctxt) {
+ 	}
+ #endif
+ 	if (CUR == '*') {
++	    if (NXT(1) == ':') {
++		NEXT;
++		name = xmlCharStrdup(WILDCARD_PREFIX);
++	    }
+ 	    axis = AXIS_CHILD;
+ 	} else {
+ 	    if (name == NULL)
+@@ -12030,7 +12040,7 @@ xmlXPathNodeCollectAndTest(xmlXPathParserContextPtr ctxt,
+     /*
+     * Setup namespaces.
+     */
+-    if (prefix != NULL) {
++    if (prefix != NULL && !IS_WILDCARD_PREFIX(prefix)) {
+         URI = xmlXPathNsLookup(xpctxt, prefix);
+         if (URI == NULL) {
+ 	    xmlXPathReleaseObject(xpctxt, obj);
+@@ -12369,6 +12379,8 @@ xmlXPathNodeCollectAndTest(xmlXPathParserContextPtr ctxt,
+ 				    {
+ 					XP_TEST_HIT
+                                     }
++                                } else if (IS_WILDCARD_PREFIX(prefix)) {
++                                    XP_TEST_HIT
+                                 } else {
+                                     if ((cur->ns != NULL) &&
+                                         (xmlStrEqual(URI, cur->ns->href)))
+-- 
+2.31.0
+
diff --git a/patches/libxml2/0010-parser.c-shrink-the-input-buffer-when-appropriate.patch b/patches/libxml2/0010-parser.c-shrink-the-input-buffer-when-appropriate.patch
deleted file mode 100644
index d3d9ad46a4..0000000000
--- a/patches/libxml2/0010-parser.c-shrink-the-input-buffer-when-appropriate.patch
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-From ca565c1edef9a455453fa8564270cc9c5813e1b9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
-From: Mike Dalessio <mike.dalessio@gmail.com>
-Date: Sun, 31 Jan 2021 09:53:56 -0500
-Subject: [PATCH] parser.c: shrink the input buffer when appropriate
-
-Fixes GNOME/libxml2#200
-
-Also see discussions at:
-- GNOME/libxml2#192
-- https://gitlab.gnome.org/nwellnhof/libxml2/-/commit/99bda1e
-- https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2132
----
- parser.c | 6 ++++++
- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+)
-
-diff --git a/parser.c b/parser.c
-index a7bdc7f..efde672 100644
---- a/parser.c
-+++ b/parser.c
-@@ -4204,6 +4204,7 @@ xmlParseSystemLiteral(xmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt) {
- 	}
- 	count++;
- 	if (count > 50) {
-+	    SHRINK;
- 	    GROW;
- 	    count = 0;
-             if (ctxt->instate == XML_PARSER_EOF) {
-@@ -4291,6 +4292,7 @@ xmlParsePubidLiteral(xmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt) {
- 	buf[len++] = cur;
- 	count++;
- 	if (count > 50) {
-+	    SHRINK;
- 	    GROW;
- 	    count = 0;
-             if (ctxt->instate == XML_PARSER_EOF) {
-@@ -4571,6 +4573,7 @@ xmlParseCharDataComplex(xmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt, int cdata) {
- 	}
- 	count++;
- 	if (count > 50) {
-+	    SHRINK;
- 	    GROW;
- 	    count = 0;
-             if (ctxt->instate == XML_PARSER_EOF)
-@@ -4776,6 +4779,7 @@ xmlParseCommentComplex(xmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt, xmlChar *buf,
- 
- 	count++;
- 	if (count > 50) {
-+	    SHRINK;
- 	    GROW;
- 	    count = 0;
-             if (ctxt->instate == XML_PARSER_EOF) {
-@@ -5186,6 +5190,7 @@ xmlParsePI(xmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt) {
- 		}
- 		count++;
- 		if (count > 50) {
-+		    SHRINK;
- 		    GROW;
-                     if (ctxt->instate == XML_PARSER_EOF) {
-                         xmlFree(buf);
-@@ -9783,6 +9788,7 @@ xmlParseCDSect(xmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt) {
- 	sl = l;
- 	count++;
- 	if (count > 50) {
-+	    SHRINK;
- 	    GROW;
-             if (ctxt->instate == XML_PARSER_EOF) {
- 		xmlFree(buf);
--- 
-2.25.1
-
diff --git a/patches/libxml2/0011-update-automake-files-for-arm64.patch b/patches/libxml2/0011-update-automake-files-for-arm64.patch
deleted file mode 100644
index d441a881f4..0000000000
--- a/patches/libxml2/0011-update-automake-files-for-arm64.patch
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2511 +0,0 @@
-Update config.guess and config.sub to the versions present in automake v1.16.3, so that users on
-aarch64/arm64/M1 can compile.
-
---- a/config.sub
-+++ b/config.sub
-@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
- #! /bin/sh
- # Configuration validation subroutine script.
--#   Copyright 1992-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-+#   Copyright 1992-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
- 
--timestamp='2018-08-29'
-+timestamp='2020-11-07'
- 
- # This file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- # under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
- #	CPU_TYPE-MANUFACTURER-KERNEL-OPERATING_SYSTEM
- # It is wrong to echo any other type of specification.
- 
--me=`echo "$0" | sed -e 's,.*/,,'`
-+me=$(echo "$0" | sed -e 's,.*/,,')
- 
- usage="\
- Usage: $0 [OPTION] CPU-MFR-OPSYS or ALIAS
-@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
- version="\
- GNU config.sub ($timestamp)
- 
--Copyright 1992-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-+Copyright 1992-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
- 
- This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
- warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE."
-@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
-     - )	# Use stdin as input.
-        break ;;
-     -* )
--       echo "$me: invalid option $1$help"
-+       echo "$me: invalid option $1$help" >&2
-        exit 1 ;;
- 
-     *local*)
-@@ -111,7 +111,8 @@
- esac
- 
- # Split fields of configuration type
--IFS="-" read -r field1 field2 field3 field4 <<EOF
-+# shellcheck disable=SC2162
-+IFS="-" read field1 field2 field3 field4 <<EOF
- $1
- EOF
- 
-@@ -123,37 +124,36 @@
- 		;;
- 	*-*-*-*)
- 		basic_machine=$field1-$field2
--		os=$field3-$field4
-+		basic_os=$field3-$field4
- 		;;
- 	*-*-*)
- 		# Ambiguous whether COMPANY is present, or skipped and KERNEL-OS is two
- 		# parts
- 		maybe_os=$field2-$field3
- 		case $maybe_os in
--			nto-qnx* | linux-gnu* | linux-android* | linux-dietlibc \
--			| linux-newlib* | linux-musl* | linux-uclibc* | uclinux-uclibc* \
-+			nto-qnx* | linux-* | uclinux-uclibc* \
- 			| uclinux-gnu* | kfreebsd*-gnu* | knetbsd*-gnu* | netbsd*-gnu* \
- 			| netbsd*-eabi* | kopensolaris*-gnu* | cloudabi*-eabi* \
- 			| storm-chaos* | os2-emx* | rtmk-nova*)
- 				basic_machine=$field1
--				os=$maybe_os
-+				basic_os=$maybe_os
- 				;;
- 			android-linux)
- 				basic_machine=$field1-unknown
--				os=linux-android
-+				basic_os=linux-android
- 				;;
- 			*)
- 				basic_machine=$field1-$field2
--				os=$field3
-+				basic_os=$field3
- 				;;
- 		esac
- 		;;
- 	*-*)
--		# A lone config we happen to match not fitting any patern
-+		# A lone config we happen to match not fitting any pattern
- 		case $field1-$field2 in
- 			decstation-3100)
- 				basic_machine=mips-dec
--				os=
-+				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			*-*)
- 				# Second component is usually, but not always the OS
-@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@
- 					# Prevent following clause from handling this valid os
- 					sun*os*)
- 						basic_machine=$field1
--						os=$field2
-+						basic_os=$field2
- 						;;
- 					# Manufacturers
- 					dec* | mips* | sequent* | encore* | pc533* | sgi* | sony* \
-@@ -174,11 +174,11 @@
- 					| microblaze* | sim | cisco \
- 					| oki | wec | wrs | winbond)
- 						basic_machine=$field1-$field2
--						os=
-+						basic_os=
- 						;;
- 					*)
- 						basic_machine=$field1
--						os=$field2
-+						basic_os=$field2
- 						;;
- 				esac
- 			;;
-@@ -190,450 +190,451 @@
- 		case $field1 in
- 			386bsd)
- 				basic_machine=i386-pc
--				os=bsd
-+				basic_os=bsd
- 				;;
- 			a29khif)
- 				basic_machine=a29k-amd
--				os=udi
-+				basic_os=udi
- 				;;
- 			adobe68k)
- 				basic_machine=m68010-adobe
--				os=scout
-+				basic_os=scout
- 				;;
- 			alliant)
- 				basic_machine=fx80-alliant
--				os=
-+				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			altos | altos3068)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-altos
--				os=
-+				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			am29k)
- 				basic_machine=a29k-none
--				os=bsd
-+				basic_os=bsd
- 				;;
- 			amdahl)
- 				basic_machine=580-amdahl
--				os=sysv
-+				basic_os=sysv
- 				;;
- 			amiga)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-unknown
--				os=
-+				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			amigaos | amigados)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-unknown
--				os=amigaos
-+				basic_os=amigaos
- 				;;
- 			amigaunix | amix)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-unknown
--				os=sysv4
-+				basic_os=sysv4
- 				;;
- 			apollo68)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-apollo
--				os=sysv
-+				basic_os=sysv
- 				;;
- 			apollo68bsd)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-apollo
--				os=bsd
-+				basic_os=bsd
- 				;;
- 			aros)
- 				basic_machine=i386-pc
--				os=aros
-+				basic_os=aros
- 				;;
- 			aux)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-apple
--				os=aux
-+				basic_os=aux
- 				;;
- 			balance)
- 				basic_machine=ns32k-sequent
--				os=dynix
-+				basic_os=dynix
- 				;;
- 			blackfin)
- 				basic_machine=bfin-unknown
--				os=linux
-+				basic_os=linux
- 				;;
- 			cegcc)
- 				basic_machine=arm-unknown
--				os=cegcc
-+				basic_os=cegcc
- 				;;
- 			convex-c1)
- 				basic_machine=c1-convex
--				os=bsd
-+				basic_os=bsd
- 				;;
- 			convex-c2)
- 				basic_machine=c2-convex
--				os=bsd
-+				basic_os=bsd
- 				;;
- 			convex-c32)
- 				basic_machine=c32-convex
--				os=bsd
-+				basic_os=bsd
- 				;;
- 			convex-c34)
- 				basic_machine=c34-convex
--				os=bsd
-+				basic_os=bsd
- 				;;
- 			convex-c38)
- 				basic_machine=c38-convex
--				os=bsd
-+				basic_os=bsd
- 				;;
- 			cray)
- 				basic_machine=j90-cray
--				os=unicos
-+				basic_os=unicos
- 				;;
- 			crds | unos)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-crds
--				os=
-+				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			da30)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-da30
--				os=
-+				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			decstation | pmax | pmin | dec3100 | decstatn)
- 				basic_machine=mips-dec
--				os=
-+				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			delta88)
- 				basic_machine=m88k-motorola
--				os=sysv3
-+				basic_os=sysv3
- 				;;
- 			dicos)
- 				basic_machine=i686-pc
--				os=dicos
-+				basic_os=dicos
- 				;;
- 			djgpp)
- 				basic_machine=i586-pc
--				os=msdosdjgpp
-+				basic_os=msdosdjgpp
- 				;;
- 			ebmon29k)
- 				basic_machine=a29k-amd
--				os=ebmon
-+				basic_os=ebmon
- 				;;
- 			es1800 | OSE68k | ose68k | ose | OSE)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-ericsson
--				os=ose
-+				basic_os=ose
- 				;;
- 			gmicro)
- 				basic_machine=tron-gmicro
--				os=sysv
-+				basic_os=sysv
- 				;;
- 			go32)
- 				basic_machine=i386-pc
--				os=go32
-+				basic_os=go32
- 				;;
- 			h8300hms)
- 				basic_machine=h8300-hitachi
--				os=hms
-+				basic_os=hms
- 				;;
- 			h8300xray)
- 				basic_machine=h8300-hitachi
--				os=xray
-+				basic_os=xray
- 				;;
- 			h8500hms)
- 				basic_machine=h8500-hitachi
--				os=hms
-+				basic_os=hms
- 				;;
- 			harris)
- 				basic_machine=m88k-harris
--				os=sysv3
-+				basic_os=sysv3
- 				;;
--			hp300)
-+			hp300 | hp300hpux)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-hp
-+				basic_os=hpux
- 				;;
- 			hp300bsd)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-hp
--				os=bsd
--				;;
--			hp300hpux)
--				basic_machine=m68k-hp
--				os=hpux
-+				basic_os=bsd
- 				;;
- 			hppaosf)
- 				basic_machine=hppa1.1-hp
--				os=osf
-+				basic_os=osf
- 				;;
- 			hppro)
- 				basic_machine=hppa1.1-hp
--				os=proelf
-+				basic_os=proelf
- 				;;
- 			i386mach)
- 				basic_machine=i386-mach
--				os=mach
--				;;
--			vsta)
--				basic_machine=i386-pc
--				os=vsta
-+				basic_os=mach
- 				;;
- 			isi68 | isi)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-isi
--				os=sysv
-+				basic_os=sysv
- 				;;
- 			m68knommu)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-unknown
--				os=linux
-+				basic_os=linux
- 				;;
- 			magnum | m3230)
- 				basic_machine=mips-mips
--				os=sysv
-+				basic_os=sysv
- 				;;
- 			merlin)
- 				basic_machine=ns32k-utek
--				os=sysv
-+				basic_os=sysv
- 				;;
- 			mingw64)
- 				basic_machine=x86_64-pc
--				os=mingw64
-+				basic_os=mingw64
- 				;;
- 			mingw32)
- 				basic_machine=i686-pc
--				os=mingw32
-+				basic_os=mingw32
- 				;;
- 			mingw32ce)
- 				basic_machine=arm-unknown
--				os=mingw32ce
-+				basic_os=mingw32ce
- 				;;
- 			monitor)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-rom68k
--				os=coff
-+				basic_os=coff
- 				;;
- 			morphos)
- 				basic_machine=powerpc-unknown
--				os=morphos
-+				basic_os=morphos
- 				;;
- 			moxiebox)
- 				basic_machine=moxie-unknown
--				os=moxiebox
-+				basic_os=moxiebox
- 				;;
- 			msdos)
- 				basic_machine=i386-pc
--				os=msdos
-+				basic_os=msdos
- 				;;
- 			msys)
- 				basic_machine=i686-pc
--				os=msys
-+				basic_os=msys
- 				;;
- 			mvs)
- 				basic_machine=i370-ibm
--				os=mvs
-+				basic_os=mvs
- 				;;
- 			nacl)
- 				basic_machine=le32-unknown
--				os=nacl
-+				basic_os=nacl
- 				;;
- 			ncr3000)
- 				basic_machine=i486-ncr
--				os=sysv4
-+				basic_os=sysv4
- 				;;
- 			netbsd386)
- 				basic_machine=i386-pc
--				os=netbsd
-+				basic_os=netbsd
- 				;;
- 			netwinder)
- 				basic_machine=armv4l-rebel
--				os=linux
-+				basic_os=linux
- 				;;
- 			news | news700 | news800 | news900)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-sony
--				os=newsos
-+				basic_os=newsos
- 				;;
- 			news1000)
- 				basic_machine=m68030-sony
--				os=newsos
-+				basic_os=newsos
- 				;;
- 			necv70)
- 				basic_machine=v70-nec
--				os=sysv
-+				basic_os=sysv
- 				;;
- 			nh3000)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-harris
--				os=cxux
-+				basic_os=cxux
- 				;;
- 			nh[45]000)
- 				basic_machine=m88k-harris
--				os=cxux
-+				basic_os=cxux
- 				;;
- 			nindy960)
- 				basic_machine=i960-intel
--				os=nindy
-+				basic_os=nindy
- 				;;
- 			mon960)
- 				basic_machine=i960-intel
--				os=mon960
-+				basic_os=mon960
- 				;;
- 			nonstopux)
- 				basic_machine=mips-compaq
--				os=nonstopux
-+				basic_os=nonstopux
- 				;;
- 			os400)
- 				basic_machine=powerpc-ibm
--				os=os400
-+				basic_os=os400
- 				;;
- 			OSE68000 | ose68000)
- 				basic_machine=m68000-ericsson
--				os=ose
-+				basic_os=ose
- 				;;
- 			os68k)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-none
--				os=os68k
-+				basic_os=os68k
- 				;;
- 			paragon)
- 				basic_machine=i860-intel
--				os=osf
-+				basic_os=osf
- 				;;
- 			parisc)
- 				basic_machine=hppa-unknown
--				os=linux
-+				basic_os=linux
-+				;;
-+			psp)
-+				basic_machine=mipsallegrexel-sony
-+				basic_os=psp
- 				;;
- 			pw32)
- 				basic_machine=i586-unknown
--				os=pw32
-+				basic_os=pw32
- 				;;
- 			rdos | rdos64)
- 				basic_machine=x86_64-pc
--				os=rdos
-+				basic_os=rdos
- 				;;
- 			rdos32)
- 				basic_machine=i386-pc
--				os=rdos
-+				basic_os=rdos
- 				;;
- 			rom68k)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-rom68k
--				os=coff
-+				basic_os=coff
- 				;;
- 			sa29200)
- 				basic_machine=a29k-amd
--				os=udi
-+				basic_os=udi
- 				;;
- 			sei)
- 				basic_machine=mips-sei
--				os=seiux
-+				basic_os=seiux
- 				;;
- 			sequent)
- 				basic_machine=i386-sequent
--				os=
-+				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			sps7)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-bull
--				os=sysv2
-+				basic_os=sysv2
- 				;;
- 			st2000)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-tandem
--				os=
-+				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			stratus)
- 				basic_machine=i860-stratus
--				os=sysv4
-+				basic_os=sysv4
- 				;;
- 			sun2)
- 				basic_machine=m68000-sun
--				os=
-+				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			sun2os3)
- 				basic_machine=m68000-sun
--				os=sunos3
-+				basic_os=sunos3
- 				;;
- 			sun2os4)
- 				basic_machine=m68000-sun
--				os=sunos4
-+				basic_os=sunos4
- 				;;
- 			sun3)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-sun
--				os=
-+				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			sun3os3)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-sun
--				os=sunos3
-+				basic_os=sunos3
- 				;;
- 			sun3os4)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-sun
--				os=sunos4
-+				basic_os=sunos4
- 				;;
- 			sun4)
- 				basic_machine=sparc-sun
--				os=
-+				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			sun4os3)
- 				basic_machine=sparc-sun
--				os=sunos3
-+				basic_os=sunos3
- 				;;
- 			sun4os4)
- 				basic_machine=sparc-sun
--				os=sunos4
-+				basic_os=sunos4
- 				;;
- 			sun4sol2)
- 				basic_machine=sparc-sun
--				os=solaris2
-+				basic_os=solaris2
- 				;;
- 			sun386 | sun386i | roadrunner)
- 				basic_machine=i386-sun
--				os=
-+				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			sv1)
- 				basic_machine=sv1-cray
--				os=unicos
-+				basic_os=unicos
- 				;;
- 			symmetry)
- 				basic_machine=i386-sequent
--				os=dynix
-+				basic_os=dynix
- 				;;
- 			t3e)
- 				basic_machine=alphaev5-cray
--				os=unicos
-+				basic_os=unicos
- 				;;
- 			t90)
- 				basic_machine=t90-cray
--				os=unicos
-+				basic_os=unicos
- 				;;
- 			toad1)
- 				basic_machine=pdp10-xkl
--				os=tops20
-+				basic_os=tops20
- 				;;
- 			tpf)
- 				basic_machine=s390x-ibm
--				os=tpf
-+				basic_os=tpf
- 				;;
- 			udi29k)
- 				basic_machine=a29k-amd
--				os=udi
-+				basic_os=udi
- 				;;
- 			ultra3)
- 				basic_machine=a29k-nyu
--				os=sym1
-+				basic_os=sym1
- 				;;
- 			v810 | necv810)
- 				basic_machine=v810-nec
--				os=none
-+				basic_os=none
- 				;;
- 			vaxv)
- 				basic_machine=vax-dec
--				os=sysv
-+				basic_os=sysv
- 				;;
- 			vms)
- 				basic_machine=vax-dec
--				os=vms
-+				basic_os=vms
-+				;;
-+			vsta)
-+				basic_machine=i386-pc
-+				basic_os=vsta
- 				;;
- 			vxworks960)
- 				basic_machine=i960-wrs
--				os=vxworks
-+				basic_os=vxworks
- 				;;
- 			vxworks68)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-wrs
--				os=vxworks
-+				basic_os=vxworks
- 				;;
- 			vxworks29k)
- 				basic_machine=a29k-wrs
--				os=vxworks
-+				basic_os=vxworks
- 				;;
- 			xbox)
- 				basic_machine=i686-pc
--				os=mingw32
-+				basic_os=mingw32
- 				;;
- 			ymp)
- 				basic_machine=ymp-cray
--				os=unicos
-+				basic_os=unicos
- 				;;
- 			*)
- 				basic_machine=$1
--				os=
-+				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 		esac
- 		;;
-@@ -685,17 +686,17 @@
- 	bluegene*)
- 		cpu=powerpc
- 		vendor=ibm
--		os=cnk
-+		basic_os=cnk
- 		;;
- 	decsystem10* | dec10*)
- 		cpu=pdp10
- 		vendor=dec
--		os=tops10
-+		basic_os=tops10
- 		;;
- 	decsystem20* | dec20*)
- 		cpu=pdp10
- 		vendor=dec
--		os=tops20
-+		basic_os=tops20
- 		;;
- 	delta | 3300 | motorola-3300 | motorola-delta \
- 	      | 3300-motorola | delta-motorola)
-@@ -705,7 +706,7 @@
- 	dpx2*)
- 		cpu=m68k
- 		vendor=bull
--		os=sysv3
-+		basic_os=sysv3
- 		;;
- 	encore | umax | mmax)
- 		cpu=ns32k
-@@ -714,7 +715,7 @@
- 	elxsi)
- 		cpu=elxsi
- 		vendor=elxsi
--		os=${os:-bsd}
-+		basic_os=${basic_os:-bsd}
- 		;;
- 	fx2800)
- 		cpu=i860
-@@ -727,7 +728,7 @@
- 	h3050r* | hiux*)
- 		cpu=hppa1.1
- 		vendor=hitachi
--		os=hiuxwe2
-+		basic_os=hiuxwe2
- 		;;
- 	hp3k9[0-9][0-9] | hp9[0-9][0-9])
- 		cpu=hppa1.0
-@@ -768,38 +769,38 @@
- 		vendor=hp
- 		;;
- 	i*86v32)
--		cpu=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86/'`
-+		cpu=$(echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86/')
- 		vendor=pc
--		os=sysv32
-+		basic_os=sysv32
- 		;;
- 	i*86v4*)
--		cpu=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86/'`
-+		cpu=$(echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86/')
- 		vendor=pc
--		os=sysv4
-+		basic_os=sysv4
- 		;;
- 	i*86v)
--		cpu=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86/'`
-+		cpu=$(echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86/')
- 		vendor=pc
--		os=sysv
-+		basic_os=sysv
- 		;;
- 	i*86sol2)
--		cpu=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86/'`
-+		cpu=$(echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86/')
- 		vendor=pc
--		os=solaris2
-+		basic_os=solaris2
- 		;;
- 	j90 | j90-cray)
- 		cpu=j90
- 		vendor=cray
--		os=${os:-unicos}
-+		basic_os=${basic_os:-unicos}
- 		;;
- 	iris | iris4d)
- 		cpu=mips
- 		vendor=sgi
--		case $os in
-+		case $basic_os in
- 		    irix*)
- 			;;
- 		    *)
--			os=irix4
-+			basic_os=irix4
- 			;;
- 		esac
- 		;;
-@@ -810,24 +811,26 @@
- 	*mint | mint[0-9]* | *MiNT | *MiNT[0-9]*)
- 		cpu=m68k
- 		vendor=atari
--		os=mint
-+		basic_os=mint
- 		;;
- 	news-3600 | risc-news)
- 		cpu=mips
- 		vendor=sony
--		os=newsos
-+		basic_os=newsos
- 		;;
- 	next | m*-next)
- 		cpu=m68k
- 		vendor=next
--		case $os in
--		    nextstep* )
-+		case $basic_os in
-+		    openstep*)
-+		        ;;
-+		    nextstep*)
- 			;;
- 		    ns2*)
--		      os=nextstep2
-+		      basic_os=nextstep2
- 			;;
- 		    *)
--		      os=nextstep3
-+		      basic_os=nextstep3
- 			;;
- 		esac
- 		;;
-@@ -838,12 +841,12 @@
- 	op50n-* | op60c-*)
- 		cpu=hppa1.1
- 		vendor=oki
--		os=proelf
-+		basic_os=proelf
- 		;;
- 	pa-hitachi)
- 		cpu=hppa1.1
- 		vendor=hitachi
--		os=hiuxwe2
-+		basic_os=hiuxwe2
- 		;;
- 	pbd)
- 		cpu=sparc
-@@ -880,12 +883,12 @@
- 	sde)
- 		cpu=mipsisa32
- 		vendor=sde
--		os=${os:-elf}
-+		basic_os=${basic_os:-elf}
- 		;;
- 	simso-wrs)
- 		cpu=sparclite
- 		vendor=wrs
--		os=vxworks
-+		basic_os=vxworks
- 		;;
- 	tower | tower-32)
- 		cpu=m68k
-@@ -902,7 +905,7 @@
- 	w89k-*)
- 		cpu=hppa1.1
- 		vendor=winbond
--		os=proelf
-+		basic_os=proelf
- 		;;
- 	none)
- 		cpu=none
-@@ -914,11 +917,12 @@
- 		;;
- 	leon-*|leon[3-9]-*)
- 		cpu=sparc
--		vendor=`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/-.*//'`
-+		vendor=$(echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/-.*//')
- 		;;
- 
- 	*-*)
--		IFS="-" read -r cpu vendor <<EOF
-+		# shellcheck disable=SC2162
-+		IFS="-" read cpu vendor <<EOF
- $basic_machine
- EOF
- 		;;
-@@ -950,15 +954,15 @@
- 
- # Decode basic machines in the full and proper CPU-Company form.
- case $cpu-$vendor in
--	# Here we handle the default manufacturer of certain CPU types in cannonical form. It is in
-+	# Here we handle the default manufacturer of certain CPU types in canonical form. It is in
- 	# some cases the only manufacturer, in others, it is the most popular.
- 	craynv-unknown)
- 		vendor=cray
--		os=${os:-unicosmp}
-+		basic_os=${basic_os:-unicosmp}
- 		;;
- 	c90-unknown | c90-cray)
- 		vendor=cray
--		os=${os:-unicos}
-+		basic_os=${Basic_os:-unicos}
- 		;;
- 	fx80-unknown)
- 		vendor=alliant
-@@ -1002,7 +1006,7 @@
- 	dpx20-unknown | dpx20-bull)
- 		cpu=rs6000
- 		vendor=bull
--		os=${os:-bosx}
-+		basic_os=${basic_os:-bosx}
- 		;;
- 
- 	# Here we normalize CPU types irrespective of the vendor
-@@ -1011,7 +1015,7 @@
- 		;;
- 	blackfin-*)
- 		cpu=bfin
--		os=linux
-+		basic_os=linux
- 		;;
- 	c54x-*)
- 		cpu=tic54x
-@@ -1024,7 +1028,7 @@
- 		;;
- 	e500v[12]-*)
- 		cpu=powerpc
--		os=$os"spe"
-+		basic_os=${basic_os}"spe"
- 		;;
- 	mips3*-*)
- 		cpu=mips64
-@@ -1034,7 +1038,7 @@
- 		;;
- 	m68knommu-*)
- 		cpu=m68k
--		os=linux
-+		basic_os=linux
- 		;;
- 	m9s12z-* | m68hcs12z-* | hcs12z-* | s12z-*)
- 		cpu=s12z
-@@ -1044,7 +1048,7 @@
- 		;;
- 	parisc-*)
- 		cpu=hppa
--		os=linux
-+		basic_os=linux
- 		;;
- 	pentium-* | p5-* | k5-* | k6-* | nexgen-* | viac3-*)
- 		cpu=i586
-@@ -1080,7 +1084,7 @@
- 		cpu=mipsisa64sb1el
- 		;;
- 	sh5e[lb]-*)
--		cpu=`echo "$cpu" | sed 's/^\(sh.\)e\(.\)$/\1\2e/'`
-+		cpu=$(echo "$cpu" | sed 's/^\(sh.\)e\(.\)$/\1\2e/')
- 		;;
- 	spur-*)
- 		cpu=spur
-@@ -1098,13 +1102,16 @@
- 		cpu=x86_64
- 		;;
- 	xscale-* | xscalee[bl]-*)
--		cpu=`echo "$cpu" | sed 's/^xscale/arm/'`
-+		cpu=$(echo "$cpu" | sed 's/^xscale/arm/')
-+		;;
-+	arm64-*)
-+		cpu=aarch64
- 		;;
- 
--	# Recognize the cannonical CPU Types that limit and/or modify the
-+	# Recognize the canonical CPU Types that limit and/or modify the
- 	# company names they are paired with.
- 	cr16-*)
--		os=${os:-elf}
-+		basic_os=${basic_os:-elf}
- 		;;
- 	crisv32-* | etraxfs*-*)
- 		cpu=crisv32
-@@ -1115,7 +1122,7 @@
- 		vendor=axis
- 		;;
- 	crx-*)
--		os=${os:-elf}
-+		basic_os=${basic_os:-elf}
- 		;;
- 	neo-tandem)
- 		cpu=neo
-@@ -1137,20 +1144,16 @@
- 		cpu=nsx
- 		vendor=tandem
- 		;;
--	s390-*)
--		cpu=s390
--		vendor=ibm
--		;;
--	s390x-*)
--		cpu=s390x
--		vendor=ibm
-+	mipsallegrexel-sony)
-+		cpu=mipsallegrexel
-+		vendor=sony
- 		;;
- 	tile*-*)
--		os=${os:-linux-gnu}
-+		basic_os=${basic_os:-linux-gnu}
- 		;;
- 
- 	*)
--		# Recognize the cannonical CPU types that are allowed with any
-+		# Recognize the canonical CPU types that are allowed with any
- 		# company name.
- 		case $cpu in
- 			1750a | 580 \
-@@ -1161,13 +1164,14 @@
- 			| alpha64 | alpha64ev[4-8] | alpha64ev56 | alpha64ev6[78] \
- 			| alphapca5[67] | alpha64pca5[67] \
- 			| am33_2.0 \
-+			| amdgcn \
- 			| arc | arceb \
--			| arm  | arm[lb]e | arme[lb] | armv* \
-+			| arm | arm[lb]e | arme[lb] | armv* \
- 			| avr | avr32 \
- 			| asmjs \
- 			| ba \
- 			| be32 | be64 \
--			| bfin | bs2000 \
-+			| bfin | bpf | bs2000 \
- 			| c[123]* | c30 | [cjt]90 | c4x \
- 			| c8051 | clipper | craynv | csky | cydra \
- 			| d10v | d30v | dlx | dsp16xx \
-@@ -1182,13 +1186,13 @@
- 			| le32 | le64 \
- 			| lm32 \
- 			| m32c | m32r | m32rle \
--			| m5200 | m68000 | m680[012346]0 | m68360 | m683?2 | m68k | v70 | w65 \
--			| m6811 | m68hc11 | m6812 | m68hc12 | m68hcs12x | nvptx | picochip \
-+			| m5200 | m68000 | m680[012346]0 | m68360 | m683?2 | m68k \
-+			| m6811 | m68hc11 | m6812 | m68hc12 | m68hcs12x \
- 			| m88110 | m88k | maxq | mb | mcore | mep | metag \
- 			| microblaze | microblazeel \
- 			| mips | mipsbe | mipseb | mipsel | mipsle \
- 			| mips16 \
--			| mips64 | mips64el \
-+			| mips64 | mips64eb | mips64el \
- 			| mips64octeon | mips64octeonel \
- 			| mips64orion | mips64orionel \
- 			| mips64r5900 | mips64r5900el \
-@@ -1215,19 +1219,22 @@
- 			| nds32 | nds32le | nds32be \
- 			| nfp \
- 			| nios | nios2 | nios2eb | nios2el \
--			| none | np1 | ns16k | ns32k \
-+			| none | np1 | ns16k | ns32k | nvptx \
- 			| open8 \
- 			| or1k* \
- 			| or32 \
- 			| orion \
-+			| picochip \
- 			| pdp10 | pdp11 | pj | pjl | pn | power \
- 			| powerpc | powerpc64 | powerpc64le | powerpcle | powerpcspe \
- 			| pru \
- 			| pyramid \
- 			| riscv | riscv32 | riscv64 \
- 			| rl78 | romp | rs6000 | rx \
-+			| s390 | s390x \
- 			| score \
--			| sh | sh[1234] | sh[24]a | sh[24]ae[lb] | sh[23]e | she[lb] | sh[lb]e \
-+			| sh | shl \
-+			| sh[1234] | sh[24]a | sh[24]ae[lb] | sh[23]e | she[lb] | sh[lb]e \
- 			| sh[1234]e[lb] |  sh[12345][lb]e | sh[23]ele | sh64 | sh64le \
- 			| sparc | sparc64 | sparc64b | sparc64v | sparc86x | sparclet \
- 			| sparclite \
-@@ -1237,10 +1244,11 @@
- 			| tic30 | tic4x | tic54x | tic55x | tic6x | tic80 \
- 			| tron \
- 			| ubicom32 \
--			| v850 | v850e | v850e1 | v850es | v850e2 | v850e2v3 \
-+			| v70 | v850 | v850e | v850e1 | v850es | v850e2 | v850e2v3 \
- 			| vax \
- 			| visium \
--			| wasm32 \
-+			| w65 \
-+			| wasm32 | wasm64 \
- 			| we32k \
- 			| x86 | x86_64 | xc16x | xgate | xps100 \
- 			| xstormy16 | xtensa* \
-@@ -1270,8 +1278,47 @@
- 
- # Decode manufacturer-specific aliases for certain operating systems.
- 
--if [ x$os != x ]
-+if test x$basic_os != x
- then
-+
-+# First recognize some ad-hoc caes, or perhaps split kernel-os, or else just
-+# set os.
-+case $basic_os in
-+	gnu/linux*)
-+		kernel=linux
-+		os=$(echo $basic_os | sed -e 's|gnu/linux|gnu|')
-+		;;
-+	os2-emx)
-+		kernel=os2
-+		os=$(echo $basic_os | sed -e 's|os2-emx|emx|')
-+		;;
-+	nto-qnx*)
-+		kernel=nto
-+		os=$(echo $basic_os | sed -e 's|nto-qnx|qnx|')
-+		;;
-+	*-*)
-+		# shellcheck disable=SC2162
-+		IFS="-" read kernel os <<EOF
-+$basic_os
-+EOF
-+		;;
-+	# Default OS when just kernel was specified
-+	nto*)
-+		kernel=nto
-+		os=$(echo $basic_os | sed -e 's|nto|qnx|')
-+		;;
-+	linux*)
-+		kernel=linux
-+		os=$(echo $basic_os | sed -e 's|linux|gnu|')
-+		;;
-+	*)
-+		kernel=
-+		os=$basic_os
-+		;;
-+esac
-+
-+# Now, normalize the OS (knowing we just have one component, it's not a kernel,
-+# etc.)
- case $os in
- 	# First match some system type aliases that might get confused
- 	# with valid system types.
-@@ -1283,7 +1330,7 @@
- 		os=cnk
- 		;;
- 	solaris1 | solaris1.*)
--		os=`echo $os | sed -e 's|solaris1|sunos4|'`
-+		os=$(echo $os | sed -e 's|solaris1|sunos4|')
- 		;;
- 	solaris)
- 		os=solaris2
-@@ -1291,9 +1338,6 @@
- 	unixware*)
- 		os=sysv4.2uw
- 		;;
--	gnu/linux*)
--		os=`echo $os | sed -e 's|gnu/linux|linux-gnu|'`
--		;;
- 	# es1800 is here to avoid being matched by es* (a different OS)
- 	es1800*)
- 		os=ose
-@@ -1315,12 +1359,9 @@
- 		os=sco3.2v4
- 		;;
- 	sco3.2.[4-9]*)
--		os=`echo $os | sed -e 's/sco3.2./sco3.2v/'`
--		;;
--	sco3.2v[4-9]* | sco5v6*)
--		# Don't forget version if it is 3.2v4 or newer.
-+		os=$(echo $os | sed -e 's/sco3.2./sco3.2v/')
- 		;;
--	scout)
-+	sco*v* | scout)
- 		# Don't match below
- 		;;
- 	sco*)
-@@ -1329,78 +1370,26 @@
- 	psos*)
- 		os=psos
- 		;;
--	# Now accept the basic system types.
--	# The portable systems comes first.
--	# Each alternative MUST end in a * to match a version number.
--	# sysv* is not here because it comes later, after sysvr4.
--	gnu* | bsd* | mach* | minix* | genix* | ultrix* | irix* \
--	     | *vms* | esix* | aix* | cnk* | sunos | sunos[34]*\
--	     | hpux* | unos* | osf* | luna* | dgux* | auroraux* | solaris* \
--	     | sym* | kopensolaris* | plan9* \
--	     | amigaos* | amigados* | msdos* | newsos* | unicos* | aof* \
--	     | aos* | aros* | cloudabi* | sortix* \
--	     | nindy* | vxsim* | vxworks* | ebmon* | hms* | mvs* \
--	     | clix* | riscos* | uniplus* | iris* | isc* | rtu* | xenix* \
--	     | knetbsd* | mirbsd* | netbsd* \
--	     | bitrig* | openbsd* | solidbsd* | libertybsd* \
--	     | ekkobsd* | kfreebsd* | freebsd* | riscix* | lynxos* \
--	     | bosx* | nextstep* | cxux* | aout* | elf* | oabi* \
--	     | ptx* | coff* | ecoff* | winnt* | domain* | vsta* \
--	     | udi* | eabi* | lites* | ieee* | go32* | aux* | hcos* \
--	     | chorusrdb* | cegcc* | glidix* \
--	     | cygwin* | msys* | pe* | moss* | proelf* | rtems* \
--	     | midipix* | mingw32* | mingw64* | linux-gnu* | linux-android* \
--	     | linux-newlib* | linux-musl* | linux-uclibc* \
--	     | uxpv* | beos* | mpeix* | udk* | moxiebox* \
--	     | interix* | uwin* | mks* | rhapsody* | darwin* \
--	     | openstep* | oskit* | conix* | pw32* | nonstopux* \
--	     | storm-chaos* | tops10* | tenex* | tops20* | its* \
--	     | os2* | vos* | palmos* | uclinux* | nucleus* \
--	     | morphos* | superux* | rtmk* | windiss* \
--	     | powermax* | dnix* | nx6 | nx7 | sei* | dragonfly* \
--	     | skyos* | haiku* | rdos* | toppers* | drops* | es* \
--	     | onefs* | tirtos* | phoenix* | fuchsia* | redox* | bme* \
--	     | midnightbsd*)
--	# Remember, each alternative MUST END IN *, to match a version number.
--		;;
- 	qnx*)
--		case $cpu in
--		    x86 | i*86)
--			;;
--		    *)
--			os=nto-$os
--			;;
--		esac
-+		os=qnx
- 		;;
- 	hiux*)
- 		os=hiuxwe2
- 		;;
--	nto-qnx*)
--		;;
--	nto*)
--		os=`echo $os | sed -e 's|nto|nto-qnx|'`
--		;;
--	sim | xray | os68k* | v88r* \
--	    | windows* | osx | abug | netware* | os9* \
--	    | macos* | mpw* | magic* | mmixware* | mon960* | lnews*)
--		;;
--	linux-dietlibc)
--		os=linux-dietlibc
--		;;
--	linux*)
--		os=`echo $os | sed -e 's|linux|linux-gnu|'`
--		;;
- 	lynx*178)
- 		os=lynxos178
- 		;;
- 	lynx*5)
- 		os=lynxos5
- 		;;
-+	lynxos*)
-+		# don't get caught up in next wildcard
-+		;;
- 	lynx*)
- 		os=lynxos
- 		;;
--	mac*)
--		os=`echo "$os" | sed -e 's|mac|macos|'`
-+	mac[0-9]*)
-+		os=$(echo "$os" | sed -e 's|mac|macos|')
- 		;;
- 	opened*)
- 		os=openedition
-@@ -1409,10 +1398,10 @@
- 		os=os400
- 		;;
- 	sunos5*)
--		os=`echo "$os" | sed -e 's|sunos5|solaris2|'`
-+		os=$(echo "$os" | sed -e 's|sunos5|solaris2|')
- 		;;
- 	sunos6*)
--		os=`echo "$os" | sed -e 's|sunos6|solaris3|'`
-+		os=$(echo "$os" | sed -e 's|sunos6|solaris3|')
- 		;;
- 	wince*)
- 		os=wince
-@@ -1444,12 +1433,9 @@
- 	ns2)
- 		os=nextstep2
- 		;;
--	nsk*)
--		os=nsk
--		;;
- 	# Preserve the version number of sinix5.
- 	sinix5.*)
--		os=`echo $os | sed -e 's|sinix|sysv|'`
-+		os=$(echo $os | sed -e 's|sinix|sysv|')
- 		;;
- 	sinix*)
- 		os=sysv4
-@@ -1472,18 +1458,12 @@
- 	sysvr4)
- 		os=sysv4
- 		;;
--	# This must come after sysvr4.
--	sysv*)
--		;;
- 	ose*)
- 		os=ose
- 		;;
- 	*mint | mint[0-9]* | *MiNT | MiNT[0-9]*)
- 		os=mint
- 		;;
--	zvmoe)
--		os=zvmoe
--		;;
- 	dicos*)
- 		os=dicos
- 		;;
-@@ -1500,19 +1480,11 @@
- 			;;
- 		esac
- 		;;
--	nacl*)
--		;;
--	ios)
--		;;
--	none)
--		;;
--	*-eabi)
--		;;
- 	*)
--		echo Invalid configuration \`"$1"\': system \`"$os"\' not recognized 1>&2
--		exit 1
-+		# No normalization, but not necessarily accepted, that comes below.
- 		;;
- esac
-+
- else
- 
- # Here we handle the default operating systems that come with various machines.
-@@ -1525,6 +1497,7 @@
- # will signal an error saying that MANUFACTURER isn't an operating
- # system, and we'll never get to this point.
- 
-+kernel=
- case $cpu-$vendor in
- 	score-*)
- 		os=elf
-@@ -1536,7 +1509,8 @@
- 		os=riscix1.2
- 		;;
- 	arm*-rebel)
--		os=linux
-+		kernel=linux
-+		os=gnu
- 		;;
- 	arm*-semi)
- 		os=aout
-@@ -1702,84 +1676,173 @@
- 		os=none
- 		;;
- esac
-+
- fi
- 
-+# Now, validate our (potentially fixed-up) OS.
-+case $os in
-+	# Sometimes we do "kernel-abi", so those need to count as OSes.
-+	musl* | newlib* | uclibc*)
-+		;;
-+	# Likewise for "kernel-libc"
-+	eabi | eabihf | gnueabi | gnueabihf)
-+		;;
-+	# Now accept the basic system types.
-+	# The portable systems comes first.
-+	# Each alternative MUST end in a * to match a version number.
-+	gnu* | android* | bsd* | mach* | minix* | genix* | ultrix* | irix* \
-+	     | *vms* | esix* | aix* | cnk* | sunos | sunos[34]* \
-+	     | hpux* | unos* | osf* | luna* | dgux* | auroraux* | solaris* \
-+	     | sym* |  plan9* | psp* | sim* | xray* | os68k* | v88r* \
-+	     | hiux* | abug | nacl* | netware* | windows* \
-+	     | os9* | macos* | osx* | ios* \
-+	     | mpw* | magic* | mmixware* | mon960* | lnews* \
-+	     | amigaos* | amigados* | msdos* | newsos* | unicos* | aof* \
-+	     | aos* | aros* | cloudabi* | sortix* | twizzler* \
-+	     | nindy* | vxsim* | vxworks* | ebmon* | hms* | mvs* \
-+	     | clix* | riscos* | uniplus* | iris* | isc* | rtu* | xenix* \
-+	     | mirbsd* | netbsd* | dicos* | openedition* | ose* \
-+	     | bitrig* | openbsd* | solidbsd* | libertybsd* | os108* \
-+	     | ekkobsd* | freebsd* | riscix* | lynxos* | os400* \
-+	     | bosx* | nextstep* | cxux* | aout* | elf* | oabi* \
-+	     | ptx* | coff* | ecoff* | winnt* | domain* | vsta* \
-+	     | udi* | lites* | ieee* | go32* | aux* | hcos* \
-+	     | chorusrdb* | cegcc* | glidix* \
-+	     | cygwin* | msys* | pe* | moss* | proelf* | rtems* \
-+	     | midipix* | mingw32* | mingw64* | mint* \
-+	     | uxpv* | beos* | mpeix* | udk* | moxiebox* \
-+	     | interix* | uwin* | mks* | rhapsody* | darwin* \
-+	     | openstep* | oskit* | conix* | pw32* | nonstopux* \
-+	     | storm-chaos* | tops10* | tenex* | tops20* | its* \
-+	     | os2* | vos* | palmos* | uclinux* | nucleus* | morphos* \
-+	     | scout* | superux* | sysv* | rtmk* | tpf* | windiss* \
-+	     | powermax* | dnix* | nx6 | nx7 | sei* | dragonfly* \
-+	     | skyos* | haiku* | rdos* | toppers* | drops* | es* \
-+	     | onefs* | tirtos* | phoenix* | fuchsia* | redox* | bme* \
-+	     | midnightbsd* | amdhsa* | unleashed* | emscripten* | wasi* \
-+	     | nsk* | powerunix* | genode* | zvmoe* | qnx* | emx*)
-+		;;
-+	# This one is extra strict with allowed versions
-+	sco3.2v2 | sco3.2v[4-9]* | sco5v6*)
-+		# Don't forget version if it is 3.2v4 or newer.
-+		;;
-+	none)
-+		;;
-+	*)
-+		echo Invalid configuration \`"$1"\': OS \`"$os"\' not recognized 1>&2
-+		exit 1
-+		;;
-+esac
-+
-+# As a final step for OS-related things, validate the OS-kernel combination
-+# (given a valid OS), if there is a kernel.
-+case $kernel-$os in
-+	linux-gnu* | linux-dietlibc* | linux-android* | linux-newlib* | linux-musl* | linux-uclibc* )
-+		;;
-+	uclinux-uclibc* )
-+		;;
-+	-dietlibc* | -newlib* | -musl* | -uclibc* )
-+		# These are just libc implementations, not actual OSes, and thus
-+		# require a kernel.
-+		echo "Invalid configuration \`$1': libc \`$os' needs explicit kernel." 1>&2
-+		exit 1
-+		;;
-+	kfreebsd*-gnu* | kopensolaris*-gnu*)
-+		;;
-+	nto-qnx*)
-+		;;
-+	os2-emx)
-+		;;
-+	*-eabi* | *-gnueabi*)
-+		;;
-+	-*)
-+		# Blank kernel with real OS is always fine.
-+		;;
-+	*-*)
-+		echo "Invalid configuration \`$1': Kernel \`$kernel' not known to work with OS \`$os'." 1>&2
-+		exit 1
-+		;;
-+esac
-+
- # Here we handle the case where we know the os, and the CPU type, but not the
- # manufacturer.  We pick the logical manufacturer.
- case $vendor in
- 	unknown)
--		case $os in
--			riscix*)
-+		case $cpu-$os in
-+			*-riscix*)
- 				vendor=acorn
- 				;;
--			sunos*)
-+			*-sunos*)
- 				vendor=sun
- 				;;
--			cnk*|-aix*)
-+			*-cnk* | *-aix*)
- 				vendor=ibm
- 				;;
--			beos*)
-+			*-beos*)
- 				vendor=be
- 				;;
--			hpux*)
-+			*-hpux*)
- 				vendor=hp
- 				;;
--			mpeix*)
-+			*-mpeix*)
- 				vendor=hp
- 				;;
--			hiux*)
-+			*-hiux*)
- 				vendor=hitachi
- 				;;
--			unos*)
-+			*-unos*)
- 				vendor=crds
- 				;;
--			dgux*)
-+			*-dgux*)
- 				vendor=dg
- 				;;
--			luna*)
-+			*-luna*)
- 				vendor=omron
- 				;;
--			genix*)
-+			*-genix*)
- 				vendor=ns
- 				;;
--			clix*)
-+			*-clix*)
- 				vendor=intergraph
- 				;;
--			mvs* | opened*)
-+			*-mvs* | *-opened*)
-+				vendor=ibm
-+				;;
-+			*-os400*)
- 				vendor=ibm
- 				;;
--			os400*)
-+			s390-* | s390x-*)
- 				vendor=ibm
- 				;;
--			ptx*)
-+			*-ptx*)
- 				vendor=sequent
- 				;;
--			tpf*)
-+			*-tpf*)
- 				vendor=ibm
- 				;;
--			vxsim* | vxworks* | windiss*)
-+			*-vxsim* | *-vxworks* | *-windiss*)
- 				vendor=wrs
- 				;;
--			aux*)
-+			*-aux*)
- 				vendor=apple
- 				;;
--			hms*)
-+			*-hms*)
- 				vendor=hitachi
- 				;;
--			mpw* | macos*)
-+			*-mpw* | *-macos*)
- 				vendor=apple
- 				;;
--			*mint | mint[0-9]* | *MiNT | MiNT[0-9]*)
-+			*-*mint | *-mint[0-9]* | *-*MiNT | *-MiNT[0-9]*)
- 				vendor=atari
- 				;;
--			vos*)
-+			*-vos*)
- 				vendor=stratus
- 				;;
- 		esac
- 		;;
- esac
- 
--echo "$cpu-$vendor-$os"
-+echo "$cpu-$vendor-${kernel:+$kernel-}$os"
- exit
- 
- # Local variables:
---- a/config.guess
-+++ b/config.guess
-@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
- #! /bin/sh
- # Attempt to guess a canonical system name.
--#   Copyright 1992-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-+#   Copyright 1992-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
- 
--timestamp='2018-08-29'
-+timestamp='2020-11-07'
- 
- # This file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- # under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
- # Please send patches to <config-patches@gnu.org>.
- 
- 
--me=`echo "$0" | sed -e 's,.*/,,'`
-+me=$(echo "$0" | sed -e 's,.*/,,')
- 
- usage="\
- Usage: $0 [OPTION]
-@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
- GNU config.guess ($timestamp)
- 
- Originally written by Per Bothner.
--Copyright 1992-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-+Copyright 1992-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
- 
- This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
- warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE."
-@@ -96,13 +96,14 @@
- 
- tmp=
- # shellcheck disable=SC2172
--trap 'test -z "$tmp" || rm -fr "$tmp"' 1 2 13 15
--trap 'exitcode=$?; test -z "$tmp" || rm -fr "$tmp"; exit $exitcode' 0
-+trap 'test -z "$tmp" || rm -fr "$tmp"' 0 1 2 13 15
- 
- set_cc_for_build() {
-+    # prevent multiple calls if $tmp is already set
-+    test "$tmp" && return 0
-     : "${TMPDIR=/tmp}"
-     # shellcheck disable=SC2039
--    { tmp=`(umask 077 && mktemp -d "$TMPDIR/cgXXXXXX") 2>/dev/null` && test -n "$tmp" && test -d "$tmp" ; } ||
-+    { tmp=$( (umask 077 && mktemp -d "$TMPDIR/cgXXXXXX") 2>/dev/null) && test -n "$tmp" && test -d "$tmp" ; } ||
- 	{ test -n "$RANDOM" && tmp=$TMPDIR/cg$$-$RANDOM && (umask 077 && mkdir "$tmp" 2>/dev/null) ; } ||
- 	{ tmp=$TMPDIR/cg-$$ && (umask 077 && mkdir "$tmp" 2>/dev/null) && echo "Warning: creating insecure temp directory" >&2 ; } ||
- 	{ echo "$me: cannot create a temporary directory in $TMPDIR" >&2 ; exit 1 ; }
-@@ -130,10 +131,10 @@
- 	PATH=$PATH:/.attbin ; export PATH
- fi
- 
--UNAME_MACHINE=`(uname -m) 2>/dev/null` || UNAME_MACHINE=unknown
--UNAME_RELEASE=`(uname -r) 2>/dev/null` || UNAME_RELEASE=unknown
--UNAME_SYSTEM=`(uname -s) 2>/dev/null`  || UNAME_SYSTEM=unknown
--UNAME_VERSION=`(uname -v) 2>/dev/null` || UNAME_VERSION=unknown
-+UNAME_MACHINE=$( (uname -m) 2>/dev/null) || UNAME_MACHINE=unknown
-+UNAME_RELEASE=$( (uname -r) 2>/dev/null) || UNAME_RELEASE=unknown
-+UNAME_SYSTEM=$( (uname -s) 2>/dev/null) || UNAME_SYSTEM=unknown
-+UNAME_VERSION=$( (uname -v) 2>/dev/null) || UNAME_VERSION=unknown
- 
- case "$UNAME_SYSTEM" in
- Linux|GNU|GNU/*)
-@@ -149,17 +150,15 @@
- 	#elif defined(__dietlibc__)
- 	LIBC=dietlibc
- 	#else
-+	#include <stdarg.h>
-+	#ifdef __DEFINED_va_list
-+	LIBC=musl
-+	#else
- 	LIBC=gnu
- 	#endif
-+	#endif
- 	EOF
--	eval "`$CC_FOR_BUILD -E "$dummy.c" 2>/dev/null | grep '^LIBC' | sed 's, ,,g'`"
--
--	# If ldd exists, use it to detect musl libc.
--	if command -v ldd >/dev/null && \
--		ldd --version 2>&1 | grep -q ^musl
--	then
--	    LIBC=musl
--	fi
-+	eval "$($CC_FOR_BUILD -E "$dummy.c" 2>/dev/null | grep '^LIBC' | sed 's, ,,g')"
- 	;;
- esac
- 
-@@ -178,19 +177,20 @@
- 	# Note: NetBSD doesn't particularly care about the vendor
- 	# portion of the name.  We always set it to "unknown".
- 	sysctl="sysctl -n hw.machine_arch"
--	UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH=`(uname -p 2>/dev/null || \
-+	UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH=$( (uname -p 2>/dev/null || \
- 	    "/sbin/$sysctl" 2>/dev/null || \
- 	    "/usr/sbin/$sysctl" 2>/dev/null || \
--	    echo unknown)`
-+	    echo unknown))
- 	case "$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH" in
-+	    aarch64eb) machine=aarch64_be-unknown ;;
- 	    armeb) machine=armeb-unknown ;;
- 	    arm*) machine=arm-unknown ;;
- 	    sh3el) machine=shl-unknown ;;
- 	    sh3eb) machine=sh-unknown ;;
- 	    sh5el) machine=sh5le-unknown ;;
- 	    earmv*)
--		arch=`echo "$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH" | sed -e 's,^e\(armv[0-9]\).*$,\1,'`
--		endian=`echo "$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH" | sed -ne 's,^.*\(eb\)$,\1,p'`
-+		arch=$(echo "$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH" | sed -e 's,^e\(armv[0-9]\).*$,\1,')
-+		endian=$(echo "$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH" | sed -ne 's,^.*\(eb\)$,\1,p')
- 		machine="${arch}${endian}"-unknown
- 		;;
- 	    *) machine="$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH"-unknown ;;
-@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@
- 	case "$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH" in
- 	    earm*)
- 		expr='s/^earmv[0-9]/-eabi/;s/eb$//'
--		abi=`echo "$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH" | sed -e "$expr"`
-+		abi=$(echo "$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH" | sed -e "$expr")
- 		;;
- 	esac
- 	# The OS release
-@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@
- 		release='-gnu'
- 		;;
- 	    *)
--		release=`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/[-_].*//' | cut -d. -f1,2`
-+		release=$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/[-_].*//' | cut -d. -f1,2)
- 		;;
- 	esac
- 	# Since CPU_TYPE-MANUFACTURER-KERNEL-OPERATING_SYSTEM:
-@@ -243,15 +243,15 @@
- 	echo "$machine-${os}${release}${abi-}"
- 	exit ;;
-     *:Bitrig:*:*)
--	UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH=`arch | sed 's/Bitrig.//'`
-+	UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH=$(arch | sed 's/Bitrig.//')
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH"-unknown-bitrig"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-     *:OpenBSD:*:*)
--	UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH=`arch | sed 's/OpenBSD.//'`
-+	UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH=$(arch | sed 's/OpenBSD.//')
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH"-unknown-openbsd"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-     *:LibertyBSD:*:*)
--	UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH=`arch | sed 's/^.*BSD\.//'`
-+	UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH=$(arch | sed 's/^.*BSD\.//')
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH"-unknown-libertybsd"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-     *:MidnightBSD:*:*)
-@@ -263,6 +263,9 @@
-     *:SolidBSD:*:*)
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-solidbsd"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-+    *:OS108:*:*)
-+	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-os108_"$UNAME_RELEASE"
-+	exit ;;
-     macppc:MirBSD:*:*)
- 	echo powerpc-unknown-mirbsd"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-@@ -272,26 +275,29 @@
-     *:Sortix:*:*)
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-sortix
- 	exit ;;
-+    *:Twizzler:*:*)
-+	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-twizzler
-+	exit ;;
-     *:Redox:*:*)
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-redox
- 	exit ;;
-     mips:OSF1:*.*)
--        echo mips-dec-osf1
--        exit ;;
-+	echo mips-dec-osf1
-+	exit ;;
-     alpha:OSF1:*:*)
- 	case $UNAME_RELEASE in
- 	*4.0)
--		UNAME_RELEASE=`/usr/sbin/sizer -v | awk '{print $3}'`
-+		UNAME_RELEASE=$(/usr/sbin/sizer -v | awk '{print $3}')
- 		;;
- 	*5.*)
--		UNAME_RELEASE=`/usr/sbin/sizer -v | awk '{print $4}'`
-+		UNAME_RELEASE=$(/usr/sbin/sizer -v | awk '{print $4}')
- 		;;
- 	esac
- 	# According to Compaq, /usr/sbin/psrinfo has been available on
- 	# OSF/1 and Tru64 systems produced since 1995.  I hope that
- 	# covers most systems running today.  This code pipes the CPU
- 	# types through head -n 1, so we only detect the type of CPU 0.
--	ALPHA_CPU_TYPE=`/usr/sbin/psrinfo -v | sed -n -e 's/^  The alpha \(.*\) processor.*$/\1/p' | head -n 1`
-+	ALPHA_CPU_TYPE=$(/usr/sbin/psrinfo -v | sed -n -e 's/^  The alpha \(.*\) processor.*$/\1/p' | head -n 1)
- 	case "$ALPHA_CPU_TYPE" in
- 	    "EV4 (21064)")
- 		UNAME_MACHINE=alpha ;;
-@@ -329,7 +335,7 @@
- 	# A Tn.n version is a released field test version.
- 	# A Xn.n version is an unreleased experimental baselevel.
- 	# 1.2 uses "1.2" for uname -r.
--	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-dec-osf"`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/^[PVTX]//' | tr ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz`"
-+	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-dec-osf"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/^[PVTX]//' | tr ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz)"
- 	# Reset EXIT trap before exiting to avoid spurious non-zero exit code.
- 	exitcode=$?
- 	trap '' 0
-@@ -363,7 +369,7 @@
- 	exit ;;
-     Pyramid*:OSx*:*:* | MIS*:OSx*:*:* | MIS*:SMP_DC-OSx*:*:*)
- 	# akee@wpdis03.wpafb.af.mil (Earle F. Ake) contributed MIS and NILE.
--	if test "`(/bin/universe) 2>/dev/null`" = att ; then
-+	if test "$( (/bin/universe) 2>/dev/null)" = att ; then
- 		echo pyramid-pyramid-sysv3
- 	else
- 		echo pyramid-pyramid-bsd
-@@ -376,54 +382,59 @@
- 	echo sparc-icl-nx6
- 	exit ;;
-     DRS?6000:UNIX_SV:4.2*:7* | DRS?6000:isis:4.2*:7*)
--	case `/usr/bin/uname -p` in
-+	case $(/usr/bin/uname -p) in
- 	    sparc) echo sparc-icl-nx7; exit ;;
- 	esac ;;
-     s390x:SunOS:*:*)
--	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-ibm-solaris2"`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/[^.]*//'`"
-+	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-ibm-solaris2"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/[^.]*//')"
- 	exit ;;
-     sun4H:SunOS:5.*:*)
--	echo sparc-hal-solaris2"`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[^.]*//'`"
-+	echo sparc-hal-solaris2"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[^.]*//')"
- 	exit ;;
-     sun4*:SunOS:5.*:* | tadpole*:SunOS:5.*:*)
--	echo sparc-sun-solaris2"`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/[^.]*//'`"
-+	echo sparc-sun-solaris2"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/[^.]*//')"
- 	exit ;;
-     i86pc:AuroraUX:5.*:* | i86xen:AuroraUX:5.*:*)
- 	echo i386-pc-auroraux"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-     i86pc:SunOS:5.*:* | i86xen:SunOS:5.*:*)
--	UNAME_REL="`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/[^.]*//'`"
--	case `isainfo -b` in
--	    32)
--		echo i386-pc-solaris2"$UNAME_REL"
--		;;
--	    64)
--		echo x86_64-pc-solaris2"$UNAME_REL"
--		;;
--	esac
-+	set_cc_for_build
-+	SUN_ARCH=i386
-+	# If there is a compiler, see if it is configured for 64-bit objects.
-+	# Note that the Sun cc does not turn __LP64__ into 1 like gcc does.
-+	# This test works for both compilers.
-+	if test "$CC_FOR_BUILD" != no_compiler_found; then
-+	    if (echo '#ifdef __amd64'; echo IS_64BIT_ARCH; echo '#endif') | \
-+		(CCOPTS="" $CC_FOR_BUILD -E - 2>/dev/null) | \
-+		grep IS_64BIT_ARCH >/dev/null
-+	    then
-+		SUN_ARCH=x86_64
-+	    fi
-+	fi
-+	echo "$SUN_ARCH"-pc-solaris2"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[^.]*//')"
- 	exit ;;
-     sun4*:SunOS:6*:*)
- 	# According to config.sub, this is the proper way to canonicalize
- 	# SunOS6.  Hard to guess exactly what SunOS6 will be like, but
- 	# it's likely to be more like Solaris than SunOS4.
--	echo sparc-sun-solaris3"`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[^.]*//'`"
-+	echo sparc-sun-solaris3"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[^.]*//')"
- 	exit ;;
-     sun4*:SunOS:*:*)
--	case "`/usr/bin/arch -k`" in
-+	case "$(/usr/bin/arch -k)" in
- 	    Series*|S4*)
--		UNAME_RELEASE=`uname -v`
-+		UNAME_RELEASE=$(uname -v)
- 		;;
- 	esac
- 	# Japanese Language versions have a version number like `4.1.3-JL'.
--	echo sparc-sun-sunos"`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/-/_/'`"
-+	echo sparc-sun-sunos"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/-/_/')"
- 	exit ;;
-     sun3*:SunOS:*:*)
- 	echo m68k-sun-sunos"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-     sun*:*:4.2BSD:*)
--	UNAME_RELEASE=`(sed 1q /etc/motd | awk '{print substr($5,1,3)}') 2>/dev/null`
-+	UNAME_RELEASE=$( (sed 1q /etc/motd | awk '{print substr($5,1,3)}') 2>/dev/null)
- 	test "x$UNAME_RELEASE" = x && UNAME_RELEASE=3
--	case "`/bin/arch`" in
-+	case "$(/bin/arch)" in
- 	    sun3)
- 		echo m68k-sun-sunos"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 		;;
-@@ -503,8 +514,8 @@
- 	}
- EOF
- 	$CC_FOR_BUILD -o "$dummy" "$dummy.c" &&
--	  dummyarg=`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -n 's/\([0-9]*\).*/\1/p'` &&
--	  SYSTEM_NAME=`"$dummy" "$dummyarg"` &&
-+	  dummyarg=$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -n 's/\([0-9]*\).*/\1/p') &&
-+	  SYSTEM_NAME=$("$dummy" "$dummyarg") &&
- 	    { echo "$SYSTEM_NAME"; exit; }
- 	echo mips-mips-riscos"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-@@ -531,11 +542,11 @@
- 	exit ;;
-     AViiON:dgux:*:*)
- 	# DG/UX returns AViiON for all architectures
--	UNAME_PROCESSOR=`/usr/bin/uname -p`
--	if [ "$UNAME_PROCESSOR" = mc88100 ] || [ "$UNAME_PROCESSOR" = mc88110 ]
-+	UNAME_PROCESSOR=$(/usr/bin/uname -p)
-+	if test "$UNAME_PROCESSOR" = mc88100 || test "$UNAME_PROCESSOR" = mc88110
- 	then
--	    if [ "$TARGET_BINARY_INTERFACE"x = m88kdguxelfx ] || \
--	       [ "$TARGET_BINARY_INTERFACE"x = x ]
-+	    if test "$TARGET_BINARY_INTERFACE"x = m88kdguxelfx || \
-+	       test "$TARGET_BINARY_INTERFACE"x = x
- 	    then
- 		echo m88k-dg-dgux"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	    else
-@@ -559,17 +570,17 @@
- 	echo m68k-tektronix-bsd
- 	exit ;;
-     *:IRIX*:*:*)
--	echo mips-sgi-irix"`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/-/_/g'`"
-+	echo mips-sgi-irix"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/-/_/g')"
- 	exit ;;
-     ????????:AIX?:[12].1:2)   # AIX 2.2.1 or AIX 2.1.1 is RT/PC AIX.
- 	echo romp-ibm-aix     # uname -m gives an 8 hex-code CPU id
--	exit ;;               # Note that: echo "'`uname -s`'" gives 'AIX '
-+	exit ;;               # Note that: echo "'$(uname -s)'" gives 'AIX '
-     i*86:AIX:*:*)
- 	echo i386-ibm-aix
- 	exit ;;
-     ia64:AIX:*:*)
--	if [ -x /usr/bin/oslevel ] ; then
--		IBM_REV=`/usr/bin/oslevel`
-+	if test -x /usr/bin/oslevel ; then
-+		IBM_REV=$(/usr/bin/oslevel)
- 	else
- 		IBM_REV="$UNAME_VERSION.$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	fi
-@@ -589,7 +600,7 @@
- 			exit(0);
- 			}
- EOF
--		if $CC_FOR_BUILD -o "$dummy" "$dummy.c" && SYSTEM_NAME=`"$dummy"`
-+		if $CC_FOR_BUILD -o "$dummy" "$dummy.c" && SYSTEM_NAME=$("$dummy")
- 		then
- 			echo "$SYSTEM_NAME"
- 		else
-@@ -602,15 +613,15 @@
- 	fi
- 	exit ;;
-     *:AIX:*:[4567])
--	IBM_CPU_ID=`/usr/sbin/lsdev -C -c processor -S available | sed 1q | awk '{ print $1 }'`
-+	IBM_CPU_ID=$(/usr/sbin/lsdev -C -c processor -S available | sed 1q | awk '{ print $1 }')
- 	if /usr/sbin/lsattr -El "$IBM_CPU_ID" | grep ' POWER' >/dev/null 2>&1; then
- 		IBM_ARCH=rs6000
- 	else
- 		IBM_ARCH=powerpc
- 	fi
--	if [ -x /usr/bin/lslpp ] ; then
--		IBM_REV=`/usr/bin/lslpp -Lqc bos.rte.libc |
--			   awk -F: '{ print $3 }' | sed s/[0-9]*$/0/`
-+	if test -x /usr/bin/lslpp ; then
-+		IBM_REV=$(/usr/bin/lslpp -Lqc bos.rte.libc |
-+			   awk -F: '{ print $3 }' | sed s/[0-9]*$/0/)
- 	else
- 		IBM_REV="$UNAME_VERSION.$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	fi
-@@ -638,14 +649,14 @@
- 	echo m68k-hp-bsd4.4
- 	exit ;;
-     9000/[34678]??:HP-UX:*:*)
--	HPUX_REV=`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[^.]*.[0B]*//'`
-+	HPUX_REV=$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[^.]*.[0B]*//')
- 	case "$UNAME_MACHINE" in
- 	    9000/31?)            HP_ARCH=m68000 ;;
- 	    9000/[34]??)         HP_ARCH=m68k ;;
- 	    9000/[678][0-9][0-9])
--		if [ -x /usr/bin/getconf ]; then
--		    sc_cpu_version=`/usr/bin/getconf SC_CPU_VERSION 2>/dev/null`
--		    sc_kernel_bits=`/usr/bin/getconf SC_KERNEL_BITS 2>/dev/null`
-+		if test -x /usr/bin/getconf; then
-+		    sc_cpu_version=$(/usr/bin/getconf SC_CPU_VERSION 2>/dev/null)
-+		    sc_kernel_bits=$(/usr/bin/getconf SC_KERNEL_BITS 2>/dev/null)
- 		    case "$sc_cpu_version" in
- 		      523) HP_ARCH=hppa1.0 ;; # CPU_PA_RISC1_0
- 		      528) HP_ARCH=hppa1.1 ;; # CPU_PA_RISC1_1
-@@ -657,7 +668,7 @@
- 			esac ;;
- 		    esac
- 		fi
--		if [ "$HP_ARCH" = "" ]; then
-+		if test "$HP_ARCH" = ""; then
- 		    set_cc_for_build
- 		    sed 's/^		//' << EOF > "$dummy.c"
- 
-@@ -692,11 +703,11 @@
- 		    exit (0);
- 		}
- EOF
--		    (CCOPTS="" $CC_FOR_BUILD -o "$dummy" "$dummy.c" 2>/dev/null) && HP_ARCH=`"$dummy"`
-+		    (CCOPTS="" $CC_FOR_BUILD -o "$dummy" "$dummy.c" 2>/dev/null) && HP_ARCH=$("$dummy")
- 		    test -z "$HP_ARCH" && HP_ARCH=hppa
- 		fi ;;
- 	esac
--	if [ "$HP_ARCH" = hppa2.0w ]
-+	if test "$HP_ARCH" = hppa2.0w
- 	then
- 	    set_cc_for_build
- 
-@@ -720,7 +731,7 @@
- 	echo "$HP_ARCH"-hp-hpux"$HPUX_REV"
- 	exit ;;
-     ia64:HP-UX:*:*)
--	HPUX_REV=`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[^.]*.[0B]*//'`
-+	HPUX_REV=$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[^.]*.[0B]*//')
- 	echo ia64-hp-hpux"$HPUX_REV"
- 	exit ;;
-     3050*:HI-UX:*:*)
-@@ -750,7 +761,7 @@
- 	  exit (0);
- 	}
- EOF
--	$CC_FOR_BUILD -o "$dummy" "$dummy.c" && SYSTEM_NAME=`"$dummy"` &&
-+	$CC_FOR_BUILD -o "$dummy" "$dummy.c" && SYSTEM_NAME=$("$dummy") &&
- 		{ echo "$SYSTEM_NAME"; exit; }
- 	echo unknown-hitachi-hiuxwe2
- 	exit ;;
-@@ -770,7 +781,7 @@
- 	echo hppa1.0-hp-osf
- 	exit ;;
-     i*86:OSF1:*:*)
--	if [ -x /usr/sbin/sysversion ] ; then
-+	if test -x /usr/sbin/sysversion ; then
- 	    echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-osf1mk
- 	else
- 	    echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-osf1
-@@ -819,14 +830,14 @@
- 	echo craynv-cray-unicosmp"$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/\.[^.]*$/.X/'
- 	exit ;;
-     F30[01]:UNIX_System_V:*:* | F700:UNIX_System_V:*:*)
--	FUJITSU_PROC=`uname -m | tr ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz`
--	FUJITSU_SYS=`uname -p | tr ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz | sed -e 's/\///'`
--	FUJITSU_REL=`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/ /_/'`
-+	FUJITSU_PROC=$(uname -m | tr ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz)
-+	FUJITSU_SYS=$(uname -p | tr ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz | sed -e 's/\///')
-+	FUJITSU_REL=$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/ /_/')
- 	echo "${FUJITSU_PROC}-fujitsu-${FUJITSU_SYS}${FUJITSU_REL}"
- 	exit ;;
-     5000:UNIX_System_V:4.*:*)
--	FUJITSU_SYS=`uname -p | tr ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz | sed -e 's/\///'`
--	FUJITSU_REL=`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | tr ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz | sed -e 's/ /_/'`
-+	FUJITSU_SYS=$(uname -p | tr ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz | sed -e 's/\///')
-+	FUJITSU_REL=$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | tr ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz | sed -e 's/ /_/')
- 	echo "sparc-fujitsu-${FUJITSU_SYS}${FUJITSU_REL}"
- 	exit ;;
-     i*86:BSD/386:*:* | i*86:BSD/OS:*:* | *:Ascend\ Embedded/OS:*:*)
-@@ -839,25 +850,25 @@
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-bsdi"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-     arm:FreeBSD:*:*)
--	UNAME_PROCESSOR=`uname -p`
-+	UNAME_PROCESSOR=$(uname -p)
- 	set_cc_for_build
- 	if echo __ARM_PCS_VFP | $CC_FOR_BUILD -E - 2>/dev/null \
- 	    | grep -q __ARM_PCS_VFP
- 	then
--	    echo "${UNAME_PROCESSOR}"-unknown-freebsd"`echo ${UNAME_RELEASE}|sed -e 's/[-(].*//'`"-gnueabi
-+	    echo "${UNAME_PROCESSOR}"-unknown-freebsd"$(echo ${UNAME_RELEASE}|sed -e 's/[-(].*//')"-gnueabi
- 	else
--	    echo "${UNAME_PROCESSOR}"-unknown-freebsd"`echo ${UNAME_RELEASE}|sed -e 's/[-(].*//'`"-gnueabihf
-+	    echo "${UNAME_PROCESSOR}"-unknown-freebsd"$(echo ${UNAME_RELEASE}|sed -e 's/[-(].*//')"-gnueabihf
- 	fi
- 	exit ;;
-     *:FreeBSD:*:*)
--	UNAME_PROCESSOR=`/usr/bin/uname -p`
-+	UNAME_PROCESSOR=$(/usr/bin/uname -p)
- 	case "$UNAME_PROCESSOR" in
- 	    amd64)
- 		UNAME_PROCESSOR=x86_64 ;;
- 	    i386)
- 		UNAME_PROCESSOR=i586 ;;
- 	esac
--	echo "$UNAME_PROCESSOR"-unknown-freebsd"`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[-(].*//'`"
-+	echo "$UNAME_PROCESSOR"-unknown-freebsd"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[-(].*//')"
- 	exit ;;
-     i*:CYGWIN*:*)
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-pc-cygwin
-@@ -890,18 +901,18 @@
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-pc-uwin
- 	exit ;;
-     amd64:CYGWIN*:*:* | x86_64:CYGWIN*:*:*)
--	echo x86_64-unknown-cygwin
-+	echo x86_64-pc-cygwin
- 	exit ;;
-     prep*:SunOS:5.*:*)
--	echo powerpcle-unknown-solaris2"`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[^.]*//'`"
-+	echo powerpcle-unknown-solaris2"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[^.]*//')"
- 	exit ;;
-     *:GNU:*:*)
- 	# the GNU system
--	echo "`echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"|sed -e 's,[-/].*$,,'`-unknown-$LIBC`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's,/.*$,,'`"
-+	echo "$(echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"|sed -e 's,[-/].*$,,')-unknown-$LIBC$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's,/.*$,,')"
- 	exit ;;
-     *:GNU/*:*:*)
- 	# other systems with GNU libc and userland
--	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE-unknown-`echo "$UNAME_SYSTEM" | sed 's,^[^/]*/,,' | tr "[:upper:]" "[:lower:]"``echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[-(].*//'`-$LIBC"
-+	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE-unknown-$(echo "$UNAME_SYSTEM" | sed 's,^[^/]*/,,' | tr "[:upper:]" "[:lower:]")$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[-(].*//')-$LIBC"
- 	exit ;;
-     *:Minix:*:*)
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-minix
-@@ -914,7 +925,7 @@
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-linux-"$LIBC"
- 	exit ;;
-     alpha:Linux:*:*)
--	case `sed -n '/^cpu model/s/^.*: \(.*\)/\1/p' < /proc/cpuinfo` in
-+	case $(sed -n '/^cpu model/s/^.*: \(.*\)/\1/p' /proc/cpuinfo 2>/dev/null) in
- 	  EV5)   UNAME_MACHINE=alphaev5 ;;
- 	  EV56)  UNAME_MACHINE=alphaev56 ;;
- 	  PCA56) UNAME_MACHINE=alphapca56 ;;
-@@ -981,22 +992,50 @@
- 	exit ;;
-     mips:Linux:*:* | mips64:Linux:*:*)
- 	set_cc_for_build
-+	IS_GLIBC=0
-+	test x"${LIBC}" = xgnu && IS_GLIBC=1
- 	sed 's/^	//' << EOF > "$dummy.c"
- 	#undef CPU
--	#undef ${UNAME_MACHINE}
--	#undef ${UNAME_MACHINE}el
-+	#undef mips
-+	#undef mipsel
-+	#undef mips64
-+	#undef mips64el
-+	#if ${IS_GLIBC} && defined(_ABI64)
-+	LIBCABI=gnuabi64
-+	#else
-+	#if ${IS_GLIBC} && defined(_ABIN32)
-+	LIBCABI=gnuabin32
-+	#else
-+	LIBCABI=${LIBC}
-+	#endif
-+	#endif
-+
-+	#if ${IS_GLIBC} && defined(__mips64) && defined(__mips_isa_rev) && __mips_isa_rev>=6
-+	CPU=mipsisa64r6
-+	#else
-+	#if ${IS_GLIBC} && !defined(__mips64) && defined(__mips_isa_rev) && __mips_isa_rev>=6
-+	CPU=mipsisa32r6
-+	#else
-+	#if defined(__mips64)
-+	CPU=mips64
-+	#else
-+	CPU=mips
-+	#endif
-+	#endif
-+	#endif
-+
- 	#if defined(__MIPSEL__) || defined(__MIPSEL) || defined(_MIPSEL) || defined(MIPSEL)
--	CPU=${UNAME_MACHINE}el
-+	MIPS_ENDIAN=el
- 	#else
- 	#if defined(__MIPSEB__) || defined(__MIPSEB) || defined(_MIPSEB) || defined(MIPSEB)
--	CPU=${UNAME_MACHINE}
-+	MIPS_ENDIAN=
- 	#else
--	CPU=
-+	MIPS_ENDIAN=
- 	#endif
- 	#endif
- EOF
--	eval "`$CC_FOR_BUILD -E "$dummy.c" 2>/dev/null | grep '^CPU'`"
--	test "x$CPU" != x && { echo "$CPU-unknown-linux-$LIBC"; exit; }
-+	eval "$($CC_FOR_BUILD -E "$dummy.c" 2>/dev/null | grep '^CPU\|^MIPS_ENDIAN\|^LIBCABI')"
-+	test "x$CPU" != x && { echo "$CPU${MIPS_ENDIAN}-unknown-linux-$LIBCABI"; exit; }
- 	;;
-     mips64el:Linux:*:*)
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-linux-"$LIBC"
-@@ -1015,7 +1054,7 @@
- 	exit ;;
-     parisc:Linux:*:* | hppa:Linux:*:*)
- 	# Look for CPU level
--	case `grep '^cpu[^a-z]*:' /proc/cpuinfo 2>/dev/null | cut -d' ' -f2` in
-+	case $(grep '^cpu[^a-z]*:' /proc/cpuinfo 2>/dev/null | cut -d' ' -f2) in
- 	  PA7*) echo hppa1.1-unknown-linux-"$LIBC" ;;
- 	  PA8*) echo hppa2.0-unknown-linux-"$LIBC" ;;
- 	  *)    echo hppa-unknown-linux-"$LIBC" ;;
-@@ -1055,7 +1094,17 @@
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-dec-linux-"$LIBC"
- 	exit ;;
-     x86_64:Linux:*:*)
--	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-pc-linux-"$LIBC"
-+	set_cc_for_build
-+	LIBCABI=$LIBC
-+	if test "$CC_FOR_BUILD" != no_compiler_found; then
-+	    if (echo '#ifdef __ILP32__'; echo IS_X32; echo '#endif') | \
-+		(CCOPTS="" $CC_FOR_BUILD -E - 2>/dev/null) | \
-+		grep IS_X32 >/dev/null
-+	    then
-+		LIBCABI="$LIBC"x32
-+	    fi
-+	fi
-+	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-pc-linux-"$LIBCABI"
- 	exit ;;
-     xtensa*:Linux:*:*)
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-linux-"$LIBC"
-@@ -1095,7 +1144,7 @@
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-pc-msdosdjgpp
- 	exit ;;
-     i*86:*:4.*:*)
--	UNAME_REL=`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed 's/\/MP$//'`
-+	UNAME_REL=$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed 's/\/MP$//')
- 	if grep Novell /usr/include/link.h >/dev/null 2>/dev/null; then
- 		echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-univel-sysv"$UNAME_REL"
- 	else
-@@ -1104,19 +1153,19 @@
- 	exit ;;
-     i*86:*:5:[678]*)
- 	# UnixWare 7.x, OpenUNIX and OpenServer 6.
--	case `/bin/uname -X | grep "^Machine"` in
-+	case $(/bin/uname -X | grep "^Machine") in
- 	    *486*)	     UNAME_MACHINE=i486 ;;
- 	    *Pentium)	     UNAME_MACHINE=i586 ;;
- 	    *Pent*|*Celeron) UNAME_MACHINE=i686 ;;
- 	esac
--	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE-unknown-sysv${UNAME_RELEASE}${UNAME_SYSTEM}{$UNAME_VERSION}"
-+	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE-unknown-sysv${UNAME_RELEASE}${UNAME_SYSTEM}${UNAME_VERSION}"
- 	exit ;;
-     i*86:*:3.2:*)
- 	if test -f /usr/options/cb.name; then
--		UNAME_REL=`sed -n 's/.*Version //p' </usr/options/cb.name`
-+		UNAME_REL=$(sed -n 's/.*Version //p' </usr/options/cb.name)
- 		echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-pc-isc"$UNAME_REL"
- 	elif /bin/uname -X 2>/dev/null >/dev/null ; then
--		UNAME_REL=`(/bin/uname -X|grep Release|sed -e 's/.*= //')`
-+		UNAME_REL=$( (/bin/uname -X|grep Release|sed -e 's/.*= //'))
- 		(/bin/uname -X|grep i80486 >/dev/null) && UNAME_MACHINE=i486
- 		(/bin/uname -X|grep '^Machine.*Pentium' >/dev/null) \
- 			&& UNAME_MACHINE=i586
-@@ -1166,7 +1215,7 @@
-     3[345]??:*:4.0:3.0 | 3[34]??A:*:4.0:3.0 | 3[34]??,*:*:4.0:3.0 | 3[34]??/*:*:4.0:3.0 | 4400:*:4.0:3.0 | 4850:*:4.0:3.0 | SKA40:*:4.0:3.0 | SDS2:*:4.0:3.0 | SHG2:*:4.0:3.0 | S7501*:*:4.0:3.0)
- 	OS_REL=''
- 	test -r /etc/.relid \
--	&& OS_REL=.`sed -n 's/[^ ]* [^ ]* \([0-9][0-9]\).*/\1/p' < /etc/.relid`
-+	&& OS_REL=.$(sed -n 's/[^ ]* [^ ]* \([0-9][0-9]\).*/\1/p' < /etc/.relid)
- 	/bin/uname -p 2>/dev/null | grep 86 >/dev/null \
- 	  && { echo i486-ncr-sysv4.3"$OS_REL"; exit; }
- 	/bin/uname -p 2>/dev/null | /bin/grep entium >/dev/null \
-@@ -1177,7 +1226,7 @@
-     NCR*:*:4.2:* | MPRAS*:*:4.2:*)
- 	OS_REL='.3'
- 	test -r /etc/.relid \
--	    && OS_REL=.`sed -n 's/[^ ]* [^ ]* \([0-9][0-9]\).*/\1/p' < /etc/.relid`
-+	    && OS_REL=.$(sed -n 's/[^ ]* [^ ]* \([0-9][0-9]\).*/\1/p' < /etc/.relid)
- 	/bin/uname -p 2>/dev/null | grep 86 >/dev/null \
- 	    && { echo i486-ncr-sysv4.3"$OS_REL"; exit; }
- 	/bin/uname -p 2>/dev/null | /bin/grep entium >/dev/null \
-@@ -1210,7 +1259,7 @@
- 	exit ;;
-     *:SINIX-*:*:*)
- 	if uname -p 2>/dev/null >/dev/null ; then
--		UNAME_MACHINE=`(uname -p) 2>/dev/null`
-+		UNAME_MACHINE=$( (uname -p) 2>/dev/null)
- 		echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-sni-sysv4
- 	else
- 		echo ns32k-sni-sysv
-@@ -1244,7 +1293,7 @@
- 	echo mips-sony-newsos6
- 	exit ;;
-     R[34]000:*System_V*:*:* | R4000:UNIX_SYSV:*:* | R*000:UNIX_SV:*:*)
--	if [ -d /usr/nec ]; then
-+	if test -d /usr/nec; then
- 		echo mips-nec-sysv"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	else
- 		echo mips-unknown-sysv"$UNAME_RELEASE"
-@@ -1292,44 +1341,48 @@
-     *:Rhapsody:*:*)
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-apple-rhapsody"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-+    arm64:Darwin:*:*)
-+	echo aarch64-apple-darwin"$UNAME_RELEASE"
-+	exit ;;
-     *:Darwin:*:*)
--	UNAME_PROCESSOR=`uname -p` || UNAME_PROCESSOR=unknown
--	set_cc_for_build
--	if test "$UNAME_PROCESSOR" = unknown ; then
--	    UNAME_PROCESSOR=powerpc
-+	UNAME_PROCESSOR=$(uname -p)
-+	case $UNAME_PROCESSOR in
-+	    unknown) UNAME_PROCESSOR=powerpc ;;
-+	esac
-+	if command -v xcode-select > /dev/null 2> /dev/null && \
-+		! xcode-select --print-path > /dev/null 2> /dev/null ; then
-+	    # Avoid executing cc if there is no toolchain installed as
-+	    # cc will be a stub that puts up a graphical alert
-+	    # prompting the user to install developer tools.
-+	    CC_FOR_BUILD=no_compiler_found
-+	else
-+	    set_cc_for_build
- 	fi
--	if test "`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/\..*//'`" -le 10 ; then
--	    if [ "$CC_FOR_BUILD" != no_compiler_found ]; then
--		if (echo '#ifdef __LP64__'; echo IS_64BIT_ARCH; echo '#endif') | \
--		       (CCOPTS="" $CC_FOR_BUILD -E - 2>/dev/null) | \
--		       grep IS_64BIT_ARCH >/dev/null
--		then
--		    case $UNAME_PROCESSOR in
--			i386) UNAME_PROCESSOR=x86_64 ;;
--			powerpc) UNAME_PROCESSOR=powerpc64 ;;
--		    esac
--		fi
--		# On 10.4-10.6 one might compile for PowerPC via gcc -arch ppc
--		if (echo '#ifdef __POWERPC__'; echo IS_PPC; echo '#endif') | \
--		       (CCOPTS="" $CC_FOR_BUILD -E - 2>/dev/null) | \
--		       grep IS_PPC >/dev/null
--		then
--		    UNAME_PROCESSOR=powerpc
--		fi
-+	if test "$CC_FOR_BUILD" != no_compiler_found; then
-+	    if (echo '#ifdef __LP64__'; echo IS_64BIT_ARCH; echo '#endif') | \
-+		   (CCOPTS="" $CC_FOR_BUILD -E - 2>/dev/null) | \
-+		   grep IS_64BIT_ARCH >/dev/null
-+	    then
-+		case $UNAME_PROCESSOR in
-+		    i386) UNAME_PROCESSOR=x86_64 ;;
-+		    powerpc) UNAME_PROCESSOR=powerpc64 ;;
-+		esac
-+	    fi
-+	    # On 10.4-10.6 one might compile for PowerPC via gcc -arch ppc
-+	    if (echo '#ifdef __POWERPC__'; echo IS_PPC; echo '#endif') | \
-+		   (CCOPTS="" $CC_FOR_BUILD -E - 2>/dev/null) | \
-+		   grep IS_PPC >/dev/null
-+	    then
-+		UNAME_PROCESSOR=powerpc
- 	    fi
- 	elif test "$UNAME_PROCESSOR" = i386 ; then
--	    # Avoid executing cc on OS X 10.9, as it ships with a stub
--	    # that puts up a graphical alert prompting to install
--	    # developer tools.  Any system running Mac OS X 10.7 or
--	    # later (Darwin 11 and later) is required to have a 64-bit
--	    # processor. This is not true of the ARM version of Darwin
--	    # that Apple uses in portable devices.
--	    UNAME_PROCESSOR=x86_64
-+	    # uname -m returns i386 or x86_64
-+	    UNAME_PROCESSOR=$UNAME_MACHINE
- 	fi
- 	echo "$UNAME_PROCESSOR"-apple-darwin"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-     *:procnto*:*:* | *:QNX:[0123456789]*:*)
--	UNAME_PROCESSOR=`uname -p`
-+	UNAME_PROCESSOR=$(uname -p)
- 	if test "$UNAME_PROCESSOR" = x86; then
- 		UNAME_PROCESSOR=i386
- 		UNAME_MACHINE=pc
-@@ -1397,10 +1450,10 @@
- 	echo mips-sei-seiux"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-     *:DragonFly:*:*)
--	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-dragonfly"`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[-(].*//'`"
-+	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-dragonfly"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[-(].*//')"
- 	exit ;;
-     *:*VMS:*:*)
--	UNAME_MACHINE=`(uname -p) 2>/dev/null`
-+	UNAME_MACHINE=$( (uname -p) 2>/dev/null)
- 	case "$UNAME_MACHINE" in
- 	    A*) echo alpha-dec-vms ; exit ;;
- 	    I*) echo ia64-dec-vms ; exit ;;
-@@ -1410,7 +1463,7 @@
- 	echo i386-pc-xenix
- 	exit ;;
-     i*86:skyos:*:*)
--	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-pc-skyos"`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/ .*$//'`"
-+	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-pc-skyos"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/ .*$//')"
- 	exit ;;
-     i*86:rdos:*:*)
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-pc-rdos
-@@ -1424,8 +1477,148 @@
-     amd64:Isilon\ OneFS:*:*)
- 	echo x86_64-unknown-onefs
- 	exit ;;
-+    *:Unleashed:*:*)
-+	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-unleashed"$UNAME_RELEASE"
-+	exit ;;
- esac
- 
-+# No uname command or uname output not recognized.
-+set_cc_for_build
-+cat > "$dummy.c" <<EOF
-+#ifdef _SEQUENT_
-+#include <sys/types.h>
-+#include <sys/utsname.h>
-+#endif
-+#if defined(ultrix) || defined(_ultrix) || defined(__ultrix) || defined(__ultrix__)
-+#if defined (vax) || defined (__vax) || defined (__vax__) || defined(mips) || defined(__mips) || defined(__mips__) || defined(MIPS) || defined(__MIPS__)
-+#include <signal.h>
-+#if defined(_SIZE_T_) || defined(SIGLOST)
-+#include <sys/utsname.h>
-+#endif
-+#endif
-+#endif
-+main ()
-+{
-+#if defined (sony)
-+#if defined (MIPSEB)
-+  /* BFD wants "bsd" instead of "newsos".  Perhaps BFD should be changed,
-+     I don't know....  */
-+  printf ("mips-sony-bsd\n"); exit (0);
-+#else
-+#include <sys/param.h>
-+  printf ("m68k-sony-newsos%s\n",
-+#ifdef NEWSOS4
-+  "4"
-+#else
-+  ""
-+#endif
-+  ); exit (0);
-+#endif
-+#endif
-+
-+#if defined (NeXT)
-+#if !defined (__ARCHITECTURE__)
-+#define __ARCHITECTURE__ "m68k"
-+#endif
-+  int version;
-+  version=$( (hostinfo | sed -n 's/.*NeXT Mach \([0-9]*\).*/\1/p') 2>/dev/null);
-+  if (version < 4)
-+    printf ("%s-next-nextstep%d\n", __ARCHITECTURE__, version);
-+  else
-+    printf ("%s-next-openstep%d\n", __ARCHITECTURE__, version);
-+  exit (0);
-+#endif
-+
-+#if defined (MULTIMAX) || defined (n16)
-+#if defined (UMAXV)
-+  printf ("ns32k-encore-sysv\n"); exit (0);
-+#else
-+#if defined (CMU)
-+  printf ("ns32k-encore-mach\n"); exit (0);
-+#else
-+  printf ("ns32k-encore-bsd\n"); exit (0);
-+#endif
-+#endif
-+#endif
-+
-+#if defined (__386BSD__)
-+  printf ("i386-pc-bsd\n"); exit (0);
-+#endif
-+
-+#if defined (sequent)
-+#if defined (i386)
-+  printf ("i386-sequent-dynix\n"); exit (0);
-+#endif
-+#if defined (ns32000)
-+  printf ("ns32k-sequent-dynix\n"); exit (0);
-+#endif
-+#endif
-+
-+#if defined (_SEQUENT_)
-+  struct utsname un;
-+
-+  uname(&un);
-+  if (strncmp(un.version, "V2", 2) == 0) {
-+    printf ("i386-sequent-ptx2\n"); exit (0);
-+  }
-+  if (strncmp(un.version, "V1", 2) == 0) { /* XXX is V1 correct? */
-+    printf ("i386-sequent-ptx1\n"); exit (0);
-+  }
-+  printf ("i386-sequent-ptx\n"); exit (0);
-+#endif
-+
-+#if defined (vax)
-+#if !defined (ultrix)
-+#include <sys/param.h>
-+#if defined (BSD)
-+#if BSD == 43
-+  printf ("vax-dec-bsd4.3\n"); exit (0);
-+#else
-+#if BSD == 199006
-+  printf ("vax-dec-bsd4.3reno\n"); exit (0);
-+#else
-+  printf ("vax-dec-bsd\n"); exit (0);
-+#endif
-+#endif
-+#else
-+  printf ("vax-dec-bsd\n"); exit (0);
-+#endif
-+#else
-+#if defined(_SIZE_T_) || defined(SIGLOST)
-+  struct utsname un;
-+  uname (&un);
-+  printf ("vax-dec-ultrix%s\n", un.release); exit (0);
-+#else
-+  printf ("vax-dec-ultrix\n"); exit (0);
-+#endif
-+#endif
-+#endif
-+#if defined(ultrix) || defined(_ultrix) || defined(__ultrix) || defined(__ultrix__)
-+#if defined(mips) || defined(__mips) || defined(__mips__) || defined(MIPS) || defined(__MIPS__)
-+#if defined(_SIZE_T_) || defined(SIGLOST)
-+  struct utsname *un;
-+  uname (&un);
-+  printf ("mips-dec-ultrix%s\n", un.release); exit (0);
-+#else
-+  printf ("mips-dec-ultrix\n"); exit (0);
-+#endif
-+#endif
-+#endif
-+
-+#if defined (alliant) && defined (i860)
-+  printf ("i860-alliant-bsd\n"); exit (0);
-+#endif
-+
-+  exit (1);
-+}
-+EOF
-+
-+$CC_FOR_BUILD -o "$dummy" "$dummy.c" 2>/dev/null && SYSTEM_NAME=$($dummy) &&
-+	{ echo "$SYSTEM_NAME"; exit; }
-+
-+# Apollos put the system type in the environment.
-+test -d /usr/apollo && { echo "$ISP-apollo-$SYSTYPE"; exit; }
-+
- echo "$0: unable to guess system type" >&2
- 
- case "$UNAME_MACHINE:$UNAME_SYSTEM" in
-@@ -1448,6 +1641,12 @@
-   https://git.savannah.gnu.org/gitweb/?p=config.git;a=blob_plain;f=config.guess
- and
-   https://git.savannah.gnu.org/gitweb/?p=config.git;a=blob_plain;f=config.sub
-+EOF
-+
-+year=$(echo $timestamp | sed 's,-.*,,')
-+# shellcheck disable=SC2003
-+if test "$(expr "$(date +%Y)" - "$year")" -lt 3 ; then
-+   cat >&2 <<EOF
- 
- If $0 has already been updated, send the following data and any
- information you think might be pertinent to config-patches@gnu.org to
-@@ -1455,26 +1654,27 @@
- 
- config.guess timestamp = $timestamp
- 
--uname -m = `(uname -m) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown`
--uname -r = `(uname -r) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown`
--uname -s = `(uname -s) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown`
--uname -v = `(uname -v) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown`
--
--/usr/bin/uname -p = `(/usr/bin/uname -p) 2>/dev/null`
--/bin/uname -X     = `(/bin/uname -X) 2>/dev/null`
--
--hostinfo               = `(hostinfo) 2>/dev/null`
--/bin/universe          = `(/bin/universe) 2>/dev/null`
--/usr/bin/arch -k       = `(/usr/bin/arch -k) 2>/dev/null`
--/bin/arch              = `(/bin/arch) 2>/dev/null`
--/usr/bin/oslevel       = `(/usr/bin/oslevel) 2>/dev/null`
--/usr/convex/getsysinfo = `(/usr/convex/getsysinfo) 2>/dev/null`
-+uname -m = $( (uname -m) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown)
-+uname -r = $( (uname -r) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown)
-+uname -s = $( (uname -s) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown)
-+uname -v = $( (uname -v) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown)
-+
-+/usr/bin/uname -p = $( (/usr/bin/uname -p) 2>/dev/null)
-+/bin/uname -X     = $( (/bin/uname -X) 2>/dev/null)
-+
-+hostinfo               = $( (hostinfo) 2>/dev/null)
-+/bin/universe          = $( (/bin/universe) 2>/dev/null)
-+/usr/bin/arch -k       = $( (/usr/bin/arch -k) 2>/dev/null)
-+/bin/arch              = $( (/bin/arch) 2>/dev/null)
-+/usr/bin/oslevel       = $( (/usr/bin/oslevel) 2>/dev/null)
-+/usr/convex/getsysinfo = $( (/usr/convex/getsysinfo) 2>/dev/null)
- 
- UNAME_MACHINE = "$UNAME_MACHINE"
- UNAME_RELEASE = "$UNAME_RELEASE"
- UNAME_SYSTEM  = "$UNAME_SYSTEM"
- UNAME_VERSION = "$UNAME_VERSION"
- EOF
-+fi
- 
- exit 1
- 
diff --git a/patches/libxslt/0001-update-automake-files-for-arm64.patch b/patches/libxslt/0001-update-automake-files-for-arm64.patch
index d441a881f4..0239e16c51 100644
--- a/patches/libxslt/0001-update-automake-files-for-arm64.patch
+++ b/patches/libxslt/0001-update-automake-files-for-arm64.patch
@@ -1,15 +1,12 @@
-Update config.guess and config.sub to the versions present in automake v1.16.3, so that users on
-aarch64/arm64/M1 can compile.
-
---- a/config.sub
-+++ b/config.sub
+--- ../nokogiri/tmp/x86_64-linux/nokogiri/3.1.0/tmp/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/ports/libxslt/1.1.35/libxslt-1.1.35/config.sub	2022-02-16 11:28:23.000000000 -0500
++++ lib/config.sub	2021-04-02 11:37:10.265231915 -0400
 @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
  #! /bin/sh
  # Configuration validation subroutine script.
 -#   Copyright 1992-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 +#   Copyright 1992-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
  
--timestamp='2018-08-29'
+-timestamp='2018-02-22'
 +timestamp='2020-11-07'
  
  # This file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -41,1045 +38,2213 @@ aarch64/arm64/M1 can compile.
         exit 1 ;;
  
      *local*)
-@@ -111,7 +111,8 @@
+@@ -110,1223 +110,1167 @@
+     exit 1;;
  esac
  
- # Split fields of configuration type
--IFS="-" read -r field1 field2 field3 field4 <<EOF
+-# Separate what the user gave into CPU-COMPANY and OS or KERNEL-OS (if any).
+-# Here we must recognize all the valid KERNEL-OS combinations.
+-maybe_os=`echo "$1" | sed 's/^\(.*\)-\([^-]*-[^-]*\)$/\2/'`
+-case $maybe_os in
+-  nto-qnx* | linux-gnu* | linux-android* | linux-dietlibc | linux-newlib* | \
+-  linux-musl* | linux-uclibc* | uclinux-uclibc* | uclinux-gnu* | kfreebsd*-gnu* | \
+-  knetbsd*-gnu* | netbsd*-gnu* | netbsd*-eabi* | \
+-  kopensolaris*-gnu* | cloudabi*-eabi* | \
+-  storm-chaos* | os2-emx* | rtmk-nova*)
+-    os=-$maybe_os
+-    basic_machine=`echo "$1" | sed 's/^\(.*\)-\([^-]*-[^-]*\)$/\1/'`
+-    ;;
+-  android-linux)
+-    os=-linux-android
+-    basic_machine=`echo "$1" | sed 's/^\(.*\)-\([^-]*-[^-]*\)$/\1/'`-unknown
+-    ;;
+-  *)
+-    basic_machine=`echo "$1" | sed 's/-[^-]*$//'`
+-    if [ "$basic_machine" != "$1" ]
+-    then os=`echo "$1" | sed 's/.*-/-/'`
+-    else os=; fi
+-    ;;
+-esac
+-
+-### Let's recognize common machines as not being operating systems so
+-### that things like config.sub decstation-3100 work.  We also
+-### recognize some manufacturers as not being operating systems, so we
+-### can provide default operating systems below.
+-case $os in
+-	-sun*os*)
+-		# Prevent following clause from handling this invalid input.
+-		;;
+-	-dec* | -mips* | -sequent* | -encore* | -pc532* | -sgi* | -sony* | \
+-	-att* | -7300* | -3300* | -delta* | -motorola* | -sun[234]* | \
+-	-unicom* | -ibm* | -next | -hp | -isi* | -apollo | -altos* | \
+-	-convergent* | -ncr* | -news | -32* | -3600* | -3100* | -hitachi* |\
+-	-c[123]* | -convex* | -sun | -crds | -omron* | -dg | -ultra | -tti* | \
+-	-harris | -dolphin | -highlevel | -gould | -cbm | -ns | -masscomp | \
+-	-apple | -axis | -knuth | -cray | -microblaze*)
+-		os=
+-		basic_machine=$1
+-		;;
+-	-bluegene*)
+-		os=-cnk
+-		;;
+-	-sim | -cisco | -oki | -wec | -winbond)
+-		os=
+-		basic_machine=$1
+-		;;
+-	-scout)
+-		;;
+-	-wrs)
+-		os=-vxworks
+-		basic_machine=$1
+-		;;
+-	-chorusos*)
+-		os=-chorusos
+-		basic_machine=$1
+-		;;
+-	-chorusrdb)
+-		os=-chorusrdb
+-		basic_machine=$1
+-		;;
+-	-hiux*)
+-		os=-hiuxwe2
+-		;;
+-	-sco6)
+-		os=-sco5v6
+-		basic_machine=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86-.*/86-pc/'`
+-		;;
+-	-sco5)
+-		os=-sco3.2v5
+-		basic_machine=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86-.*/86-pc/'`
+-		;;
+-	-sco4)
+-		os=-sco3.2v4
+-		basic_machine=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86-.*/86-pc/'`
+-		;;
+-	-sco3.2.[4-9]*)
+-		os=`echo $os | sed -e 's/sco3.2./sco3.2v/'`
+-		basic_machine=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86-.*/86-pc/'`
+-		;;
+-	-sco3.2v[4-9]*)
+-		# Don't forget version if it is 3.2v4 or newer.
+-		basic_machine=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86-.*/86-pc/'`
+-		;;
+-	-sco5v6*)
+-		# Don't forget version if it is 3.2v4 or newer.
+-		basic_machine=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86-.*/86-pc/'`
+-		;;
+-	-sco*)
+-		os=-sco3.2v2
+-		basic_machine=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86-.*/86-pc/'`
+-		;;
+-	-udk*)
+-		basic_machine=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86-.*/86-pc/'`
+-		;;
+-	-isc)
+-		os=-isc2.2
+-		basic_machine=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86-.*/86-pc/'`
+-		;;
+-	-clix*)
+-		basic_machine=clipper-intergraph
+-		;;
+-	-isc*)
+-		basic_machine=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86-.*/86-pc/'`
+-		;;
+-	-lynx*178)
+-		os=-lynxos178
+-		;;
+-	-lynx*5)
+-		os=-lynxos5
++# Split fields of configuration type
 +# shellcheck disable=SC2162
 +IFS="-" read field1 field2 field3 field4 <<EOF
- $1
- EOF
- 
-@@ -123,37 +124,36 @@
++$1
++EOF
++
++# Separate into logical components for further validation
++case $1 in
++	*-*-*-*-*)
++		echo Invalid configuration \`"$1"\': more than four components >&2
++		exit 1
  		;;
- 	*-*-*-*)
- 		basic_machine=$field1-$field2
--		os=$field3-$field4
+-	-lynx*)
+-		os=-lynxos
++	*-*-*-*)
++		basic_machine=$field1-$field2
 +		basic_os=$field3-$field4
  		;;
- 	*-*-*)
- 		# Ambiguous whether COMPANY is present, or skipped and KERNEL-OS is two
- 		# parts
- 		maybe_os=$field2-$field3
- 		case $maybe_os in
--			nto-qnx* | linux-gnu* | linux-android* | linux-dietlibc \
--			| linux-newlib* | linux-musl* | linux-uclibc* | uclinux-uclibc* \
+-	-ptx*)
+-		basic_machine=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86-.*/86-sequent/'`
++	*-*-*)
++		# Ambiguous whether COMPANY is present, or skipped and KERNEL-OS is two
++		# parts
++		maybe_os=$field2-$field3
++		case $maybe_os in
 +			nto-qnx* | linux-* | uclinux-uclibc* \
- 			| uclinux-gnu* | kfreebsd*-gnu* | knetbsd*-gnu* | netbsd*-gnu* \
- 			| netbsd*-eabi* | kopensolaris*-gnu* | cloudabi*-eabi* \
- 			| storm-chaos* | os2-emx* | rtmk-nova*)
- 				basic_machine=$field1
--				os=$maybe_os
++			| uclinux-gnu* | kfreebsd*-gnu* | knetbsd*-gnu* | netbsd*-gnu* \
++			| netbsd*-eabi* | kopensolaris*-gnu* | cloudabi*-eabi* \
++			| storm-chaos* | os2-emx* | rtmk-nova*)
++				basic_machine=$field1
 +				basic_os=$maybe_os
- 				;;
- 			android-linux)
- 				basic_machine=$field1-unknown
--				os=linux-android
++				;;
++			android-linux)
++				basic_machine=$field1-unknown
 +				basic_os=linux-android
- 				;;
- 			*)
- 				basic_machine=$field1-$field2
--				os=$field3
++				;;
++			*)
++				basic_machine=$field1-$field2
 +				basic_os=$field3
- 				;;
- 		esac
++				;;
++		esac
  		;;
- 	*-*)
--		# A lone config we happen to match not fitting any patern
+-	-psos*)
+-		os=-psos
++	*-*)
 +		# A lone config we happen to match not fitting any pattern
- 		case $field1-$field2 in
- 			decstation-3100)
- 				basic_machine=mips-dec
--				os=
++		case $field1-$field2 in
++			decstation-3100)
++				basic_machine=mips-dec
 +				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			*-*)
- 				# Second component is usually, but not always the OS
-@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@
- 					# Prevent following clause from handling this valid os
- 					sun*os*)
- 						basic_machine=$field1
--						os=$field2
++				;;
++			*-*)
++				# Second component is usually, but not always the OS
++				case $field2 in
++					# Prevent following clause from handling this valid os
++					sun*os*)
++						basic_machine=$field1
 +						basic_os=$field2
- 						;;
- 					# Manufacturers
- 					dec* | mips* | sequent* | encore* | pc533* | sgi* | sony* \
-@@ -174,11 +174,11 @@
- 					| microblaze* | sim | cisco \
- 					| oki | wec | wrs | winbond)
- 						basic_machine=$field1-$field2
--						os=
++						;;
++					# Manufacturers
++					dec* | mips* | sequent* | encore* | pc533* | sgi* | sony* \
++					| att* | 7300* | 3300* | delta* | motorola* | sun[234]* \
++					| unicom* | ibm* | next | hp | isi* | apollo | altos* \
++					| convergent* | ncr* | news | 32* | 3600* | 3100* \
++					| hitachi* | c[123]* | convex* | sun | crds | omron* | dg \
++					| ultra | tti* | harris | dolphin | highlevel | gould \
++					| cbm | ns | masscomp | apple | axis | knuth | cray \
++					| microblaze* | sim | cisco \
++					| oki | wec | wrs | winbond)
++						basic_machine=$field1-$field2
 +						basic_os=
- 						;;
- 					*)
- 						basic_machine=$field1
--						os=$field2
++						;;
++					*)
++						basic_machine=$field1
 +						basic_os=$field2
- 						;;
- 				esac
- 			;;
-@@ -190,450 +190,451 @@
- 		case $field1 in
- 			386bsd)
- 				basic_machine=i386-pc
--				os=bsd
++						;;
++				esac
++			;;
++		esac
+ 		;;
+-	-mint | -mint[0-9]*)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-atari
+-		os=-mint
++	*)
++		# Convert single-component short-hands not valid as part of
++		# multi-component configurations.
++		case $field1 in
++			386bsd)
++				basic_machine=i386-pc
 +				basic_os=bsd
- 				;;
- 			a29khif)
- 				basic_machine=a29k-amd
--				os=udi
++				;;
++			a29khif)
++				basic_machine=a29k-amd
 +				basic_os=udi
- 				;;
- 			adobe68k)
- 				basic_machine=m68010-adobe
--				os=scout
++				;;
++			adobe68k)
++				basic_machine=m68010-adobe
 +				basic_os=scout
- 				;;
- 			alliant)
- 				basic_machine=fx80-alliant
--				os=
++				;;
++			alliant)
++				basic_machine=fx80-alliant
 +				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			altos | altos3068)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-altos
--				os=
++				;;
++			altos | altos3068)
++				basic_machine=m68k-altos
 +				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			am29k)
- 				basic_machine=a29k-none
--				os=bsd
++				;;
++			am29k)
++				basic_machine=a29k-none
 +				basic_os=bsd
- 				;;
- 			amdahl)
- 				basic_machine=580-amdahl
--				os=sysv
++				;;
++			amdahl)
++				basic_machine=580-amdahl
 +				basic_os=sysv
- 				;;
- 			amiga)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-unknown
--				os=
++				;;
++			amiga)
++				basic_machine=m68k-unknown
 +				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			amigaos | amigados)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-unknown
--				os=amigaos
++				;;
++			amigaos | amigados)
++				basic_machine=m68k-unknown
 +				basic_os=amigaos
- 				;;
- 			amigaunix | amix)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-unknown
--				os=sysv4
++				;;
++			amigaunix | amix)
++				basic_machine=m68k-unknown
 +				basic_os=sysv4
- 				;;
- 			apollo68)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-apollo
--				os=sysv
++				;;
++			apollo68)
++				basic_machine=m68k-apollo
 +				basic_os=sysv
- 				;;
- 			apollo68bsd)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-apollo
--				os=bsd
++				;;
++			apollo68bsd)
++				basic_machine=m68k-apollo
 +				basic_os=bsd
- 				;;
- 			aros)
- 				basic_machine=i386-pc
--				os=aros
++				;;
++			aros)
++				basic_machine=i386-pc
 +				basic_os=aros
- 				;;
- 			aux)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-apple
--				os=aux
++				;;
++			aux)
++				basic_machine=m68k-apple
 +				basic_os=aux
- 				;;
- 			balance)
- 				basic_machine=ns32k-sequent
--				os=dynix
++				;;
++			balance)
++				basic_machine=ns32k-sequent
 +				basic_os=dynix
- 				;;
- 			blackfin)
- 				basic_machine=bfin-unknown
--				os=linux
++				;;
++			blackfin)
++				basic_machine=bfin-unknown
 +				basic_os=linux
- 				;;
- 			cegcc)
- 				basic_machine=arm-unknown
--				os=cegcc
++				;;
++			cegcc)
++				basic_machine=arm-unknown
 +				basic_os=cegcc
- 				;;
- 			convex-c1)
- 				basic_machine=c1-convex
--				os=bsd
++				;;
++			convex-c1)
++				basic_machine=c1-convex
 +				basic_os=bsd
- 				;;
- 			convex-c2)
- 				basic_machine=c2-convex
--				os=bsd
++				;;
++			convex-c2)
++				basic_machine=c2-convex
 +				basic_os=bsd
- 				;;
- 			convex-c32)
- 				basic_machine=c32-convex
--				os=bsd
++				;;
++			convex-c32)
++				basic_machine=c32-convex
 +				basic_os=bsd
- 				;;
- 			convex-c34)
- 				basic_machine=c34-convex
--				os=bsd
++				;;
++			convex-c34)
++				basic_machine=c34-convex
 +				basic_os=bsd
- 				;;
- 			convex-c38)
- 				basic_machine=c38-convex
--				os=bsd
++				;;
++			convex-c38)
++				basic_machine=c38-convex
 +				basic_os=bsd
- 				;;
- 			cray)
- 				basic_machine=j90-cray
--				os=unicos
++				;;
++			cray)
++				basic_machine=j90-cray
 +				basic_os=unicos
- 				;;
- 			crds | unos)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-crds
--				os=
++				;;
++			crds | unos)
++				basic_machine=m68k-crds
 +				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			da30)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-da30
--				os=
++				;;
++			da30)
++				basic_machine=m68k-da30
 +				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			decstation | pmax | pmin | dec3100 | decstatn)
- 				basic_machine=mips-dec
--				os=
++				;;
++			decstation | pmax | pmin | dec3100 | decstatn)
++				basic_machine=mips-dec
 +				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			delta88)
- 				basic_machine=m88k-motorola
--				os=sysv3
++				;;
++			delta88)
++				basic_machine=m88k-motorola
 +				basic_os=sysv3
- 				;;
- 			dicos)
- 				basic_machine=i686-pc
--				os=dicos
++				;;
++			dicos)
++				basic_machine=i686-pc
 +				basic_os=dicos
- 				;;
- 			djgpp)
- 				basic_machine=i586-pc
--				os=msdosdjgpp
++				;;
++			djgpp)
++				basic_machine=i586-pc
 +				basic_os=msdosdjgpp
- 				;;
- 			ebmon29k)
- 				basic_machine=a29k-amd
--				os=ebmon
++				;;
++			ebmon29k)
++				basic_machine=a29k-amd
 +				basic_os=ebmon
- 				;;
- 			es1800 | OSE68k | ose68k | ose | OSE)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-ericsson
--				os=ose
++				;;
++			es1800 | OSE68k | ose68k | ose | OSE)
++				basic_machine=m68k-ericsson
 +				basic_os=ose
- 				;;
- 			gmicro)
- 				basic_machine=tron-gmicro
--				os=sysv
++				;;
++			gmicro)
++				basic_machine=tron-gmicro
 +				basic_os=sysv
- 				;;
- 			go32)
- 				basic_machine=i386-pc
--				os=go32
++				;;
++			go32)
++				basic_machine=i386-pc
 +				basic_os=go32
- 				;;
- 			h8300hms)
- 				basic_machine=h8300-hitachi
--				os=hms
++				;;
++			h8300hms)
++				basic_machine=h8300-hitachi
 +				basic_os=hms
- 				;;
- 			h8300xray)
- 				basic_machine=h8300-hitachi
--				os=xray
++				;;
++			h8300xray)
++				basic_machine=h8300-hitachi
 +				basic_os=xray
- 				;;
- 			h8500hms)
- 				basic_machine=h8500-hitachi
--				os=hms
++				;;
++			h8500hms)
++				basic_machine=h8500-hitachi
 +				basic_os=hms
- 				;;
- 			harris)
- 				basic_machine=m88k-harris
--				os=sysv3
++				;;
++			harris)
++				basic_machine=m88k-harris
 +				basic_os=sysv3
- 				;;
--			hp300)
++				;;
 +			hp300 | hp300hpux)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-hp
++				basic_machine=m68k-hp
 +				basic_os=hpux
- 				;;
- 			hp300bsd)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-hp
--				os=bsd
--				;;
--			hp300hpux)
--				basic_machine=m68k-hp
--				os=hpux
++				;;
++			hp300bsd)
++				basic_machine=m68k-hp
 +				basic_os=bsd
- 				;;
- 			hppaosf)
- 				basic_machine=hppa1.1-hp
--				os=osf
++				;;
++			hppaosf)
++				basic_machine=hppa1.1-hp
 +				basic_os=osf
- 				;;
- 			hppro)
- 				basic_machine=hppa1.1-hp
--				os=proelf
++				;;
++			hppro)
++				basic_machine=hppa1.1-hp
 +				basic_os=proelf
- 				;;
- 			i386mach)
- 				basic_machine=i386-mach
--				os=mach
--				;;
--			vsta)
--				basic_machine=i386-pc
--				os=vsta
++				;;
++			i386mach)
++				basic_machine=i386-mach
 +				basic_os=mach
- 				;;
- 			isi68 | isi)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-isi
--				os=sysv
++				;;
++			isi68 | isi)
++				basic_machine=m68k-isi
 +				basic_os=sysv
- 				;;
- 			m68knommu)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-unknown
--				os=linux
++				;;
++			m68knommu)
++				basic_machine=m68k-unknown
 +				basic_os=linux
- 				;;
- 			magnum | m3230)
- 				basic_machine=mips-mips
--				os=sysv
++				;;
++			magnum | m3230)
++				basic_machine=mips-mips
 +				basic_os=sysv
- 				;;
- 			merlin)
- 				basic_machine=ns32k-utek
--				os=sysv
++				;;
++			merlin)
++				basic_machine=ns32k-utek
 +				basic_os=sysv
- 				;;
- 			mingw64)
- 				basic_machine=x86_64-pc
--				os=mingw64
++				;;
++			mingw64)
++				basic_machine=x86_64-pc
 +				basic_os=mingw64
- 				;;
- 			mingw32)
- 				basic_machine=i686-pc
--				os=mingw32
++				;;
++			mingw32)
++				basic_machine=i686-pc
 +				basic_os=mingw32
- 				;;
- 			mingw32ce)
- 				basic_machine=arm-unknown
--				os=mingw32ce
++				;;
++			mingw32ce)
++				basic_machine=arm-unknown
 +				basic_os=mingw32ce
- 				;;
- 			monitor)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-rom68k
--				os=coff
++				;;
++			monitor)
++				basic_machine=m68k-rom68k
 +				basic_os=coff
- 				;;
- 			morphos)
- 				basic_machine=powerpc-unknown
--				os=morphos
++				;;
++			morphos)
++				basic_machine=powerpc-unknown
 +				basic_os=morphos
- 				;;
- 			moxiebox)
- 				basic_machine=moxie-unknown
--				os=moxiebox
++				;;
++			moxiebox)
++				basic_machine=moxie-unknown
 +				basic_os=moxiebox
- 				;;
- 			msdos)
- 				basic_machine=i386-pc
--				os=msdos
++				;;
++			msdos)
++				basic_machine=i386-pc
 +				basic_os=msdos
- 				;;
- 			msys)
- 				basic_machine=i686-pc
--				os=msys
++				;;
++			msys)
++				basic_machine=i686-pc
 +				basic_os=msys
- 				;;
- 			mvs)
- 				basic_machine=i370-ibm
--				os=mvs
++				;;
++			mvs)
++				basic_machine=i370-ibm
 +				basic_os=mvs
- 				;;
- 			nacl)
- 				basic_machine=le32-unknown
--				os=nacl
++				;;
++			nacl)
++				basic_machine=le32-unknown
 +				basic_os=nacl
- 				;;
- 			ncr3000)
- 				basic_machine=i486-ncr
--				os=sysv4
++				;;
++			ncr3000)
++				basic_machine=i486-ncr
 +				basic_os=sysv4
- 				;;
- 			netbsd386)
- 				basic_machine=i386-pc
--				os=netbsd
++				;;
++			netbsd386)
++				basic_machine=i386-pc
 +				basic_os=netbsd
- 				;;
- 			netwinder)
- 				basic_machine=armv4l-rebel
--				os=linux
++				;;
++			netwinder)
++				basic_machine=armv4l-rebel
 +				basic_os=linux
- 				;;
- 			news | news700 | news800 | news900)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-sony
--				os=newsos
++				;;
++			news | news700 | news800 | news900)
++				basic_machine=m68k-sony
 +				basic_os=newsos
- 				;;
- 			news1000)
- 				basic_machine=m68030-sony
--				os=newsos
++				;;
++			news1000)
++				basic_machine=m68030-sony
 +				basic_os=newsos
- 				;;
- 			necv70)
- 				basic_machine=v70-nec
--				os=sysv
++				;;
++			necv70)
++				basic_machine=v70-nec
 +				basic_os=sysv
- 				;;
- 			nh3000)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-harris
--				os=cxux
++				;;
++			nh3000)
++				basic_machine=m68k-harris
 +				basic_os=cxux
- 				;;
- 			nh[45]000)
- 				basic_machine=m88k-harris
--				os=cxux
++				;;
++			nh[45]000)
++				basic_machine=m88k-harris
 +				basic_os=cxux
- 				;;
- 			nindy960)
- 				basic_machine=i960-intel
--				os=nindy
++				;;
++			nindy960)
++				basic_machine=i960-intel
 +				basic_os=nindy
- 				;;
- 			mon960)
- 				basic_machine=i960-intel
--				os=mon960
++				;;
++			mon960)
++				basic_machine=i960-intel
 +				basic_os=mon960
- 				;;
- 			nonstopux)
- 				basic_machine=mips-compaq
--				os=nonstopux
++				;;
++			nonstopux)
++				basic_machine=mips-compaq
 +				basic_os=nonstopux
- 				;;
- 			os400)
- 				basic_machine=powerpc-ibm
--				os=os400
++				;;
++			os400)
++				basic_machine=powerpc-ibm
 +				basic_os=os400
- 				;;
- 			OSE68000 | ose68000)
- 				basic_machine=m68000-ericsson
--				os=ose
++				;;
++			OSE68000 | ose68000)
++				basic_machine=m68000-ericsson
 +				basic_os=ose
- 				;;
- 			os68k)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-none
--				os=os68k
++				;;
++			os68k)
++				basic_machine=m68k-none
 +				basic_os=os68k
- 				;;
- 			paragon)
- 				basic_machine=i860-intel
--				os=osf
++				;;
++			paragon)
++				basic_machine=i860-intel
 +				basic_os=osf
- 				;;
- 			parisc)
- 				basic_machine=hppa-unknown
--				os=linux
++				;;
++			parisc)
++				basic_machine=hppa-unknown
 +				basic_os=linux
 +				;;
 +			psp)
 +				basic_machine=mipsallegrexel-sony
 +				basic_os=psp
- 				;;
- 			pw32)
- 				basic_machine=i586-unknown
--				os=pw32
++				;;
++			pw32)
++				basic_machine=i586-unknown
 +				basic_os=pw32
- 				;;
- 			rdos | rdos64)
- 				basic_machine=x86_64-pc
--				os=rdos
++				;;
++			rdos | rdos64)
++				basic_machine=x86_64-pc
 +				basic_os=rdos
- 				;;
- 			rdos32)
- 				basic_machine=i386-pc
--				os=rdos
++				;;
++			rdos32)
++				basic_machine=i386-pc
 +				basic_os=rdos
- 				;;
- 			rom68k)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-rom68k
--				os=coff
++				;;
++			rom68k)
++				basic_machine=m68k-rom68k
 +				basic_os=coff
- 				;;
- 			sa29200)
- 				basic_machine=a29k-amd
--				os=udi
++				;;
++			sa29200)
++				basic_machine=a29k-amd
 +				basic_os=udi
- 				;;
- 			sei)
- 				basic_machine=mips-sei
--				os=seiux
++				;;
++			sei)
++				basic_machine=mips-sei
 +				basic_os=seiux
- 				;;
- 			sequent)
- 				basic_machine=i386-sequent
--				os=
++				;;
++			sequent)
++				basic_machine=i386-sequent
 +				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			sps7)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-bull
--				os=sysv2
++				;;
++			sps7)
++				basic_machine=m68k-bull
 +				basic_os=sysv2
- 				;;
- 			st2000)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-tandem
--				os=
++				;;
++			st2000)
++				basic_machine=m68k-tandem
 +				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			stratus)
- 				basic_machine=i860-stratus
--				os=sysv4
++				;;
++			stratus)
++				basic_machine=i860-stratus
 +				basic_os=sysv4
- 				;;
- 			sun2)
- 				basic_machine=m68000-sun
--				os=
++				;;
++			sun2)
++				basic_machine=m68000-sun
 +				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			sun2os3)
- 				basic_machine=m68000-sun
--				os=sunos3
++				;;
++			sun2os3)
++				basic_machine=m68000-sun
 +				basic_os=sunos3
- 				;;
- 			sun2os4)
- 				basic_machine=m68000-sun
--				os=sunos4
++				;;
++			sun2os4)
++				basic_machine=m68000-sun
 +				basic_os=sunos4
- 				;;
- 			sun3)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-sun
--				os=
++				;;
++			sun3)
++				basic_machine=m68k-sun
 +				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			sun3os3)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-sun
--				os=sunos3
++				;;
++			sun3os3)
++				basic_machine=m68k-sun
 +				basic_os=sunos3
- 				;;
- 			sun3os4)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-sun
--				os=sunos4
++				;;
++			sun3os4)
++				basic_machine=m68k-sun
 +				basic_os=sunos4
- 				;;
- 			sun4)
- 				basic_machine=sparc-sun
--				os=
++				;;
++			sun4)
++				basic_machine=sparc-sun
 +				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			sun4os3)
- 				basic_machine=sparc-sun
--				os=sunos3
++				;;
++			sun4os3)
++				basic_machine=sparc-sun
 +				basic_os=sunos3
- 				;;
- 			sun4os4)
- 				basic_machine=sparc-sun
--				os=sunos4
++				;;
++			sun4os4)
++				basic_machine=sparc-sun
 +				basic_os=sunos4
- 				;;
- 			sun4sol2)
- 				basic_machine=sparc-sun
--				os=solaris2
++				;;
++			sun4sol2)
++				basic_machine=sparc-sun
 +				basic_os=solaris2
- 				;;
- 			sun386 | sun386i | roadrunner)
- 				basic_machine=i386-sun
--				os=
++				;;
++			sun386 | sun386i | roadrunner)
++				basic_machine=i386-sun
 +				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 			sv1)
- 				basic_machine=sv1-cray
--				os=unicos
++				;;
++			sv1)
++				basic_machine=sv1-cray
 +				basic_os=unicos
- 				;;
- 			symmetry)
- 				basic_machine=i386-sequent
--				os=dynix
++				;;
++			symmetry)
++				basic_machine=i386-sequent
 +				basic_os=dynix
- 				;;
- 			t3e)
- 				basic_machine=alphaev5-cray
--				os=unicos
++				;;
++			t3e)
++				basic_machine=alphaev5-cray
 +				basic_os=unicos
- 				;;
- 			t90)
- 				basic_machine=t90-cray
--				os=unicos
++				;;
++			t90)
++				basic_machine=t90-cray
 +				basic_os=unicos
- 				;;
- 			toad1)
- 				basic_machine=pdp10-xkl
--				os=tops20
++				;;
++			toad1)
++				basic_machine=pdp10-xkl
 +				basic_os=tops20
- 				;;
- 			tpf)
- 				basic_machine=s390x-ibm
--				os=tpf
++				;;
++			tpf)
++				basic_machine=s390x-ibm
 +				basic_os=tpf
- 				;;
- 			udi29k)
- 				basic_machine=a29k-amd
--				os=udi
++				;;
++			udi29k)
++				basic_machine=a29k-amd
 +				basic_os=udi
- 				;;
- 			ultra3)
- 				basic_machine=a29k-nyu
--				os=sym1
++				;;
++			ultra3)
++				basic_machine=a29k-nyu
 +				basic_os=sym1
- 				;;
- 			v810 | necv810)
- 				basic_machine=v810-nec
--				os=none
++				;;
++			v810 | necv810)
++				basic_machine=v810-nec
 +				basic_os=none
- 				;;
- 			vaxv)
- 				basic_machine=vax-dec
--				os=sysv
++				;;
++			vaxv)
++				basic_machine=vax-dec
 +				basic_os=sysv
- 				;;
- 			vms)
- 				basic_machine=vax-dec
--				os=vms
++				;;
++			vms)
++				basic_machine=vax-dec
 +				basic_os=vms
 +				;;
 +			vsta)
 +				basic_machine=i386-pc
 +				basic_os=vsta
- 				;;
- 			vxworks960)
- 				basic_machine=i960-wrs
--				os=vxworks
++				;;
++			vxworks960)
++				basic_machine=i960-wrs
 +				basic_os=vxworks
- 				;;
- 			vxworks68)
- 				basic_machine=m68k-wrs
--				os=vxworks
++				;;
++			vxworks68)
++				basic_machine=m68k-wrs
 +				basic_os=vxworks
- 				;;
- 			vxworks29k)
- 				basic_machine=a29k-wrs
--				os=vxworks
++				;;
++			vxworks29k)
++				basic_machine=a29k-wrs
 +				basic_os=vxworks
- 				;;
- 			xbox)
- 				basic_machine=i686-pc
--				os=mingw32
++				;;
++			xbox)
++				basic_machine=i686-pc
 +				basic_os=mingw32
- 				;;
- 			ymp)
- 				basic_machine=ymp-cray
--				os=unicos
++				;;
++			ymp)
++				basic_machine=ymp-cray
 +				basic_os=unicos
- 				;;
- 			*)
- 				basic_machine=$1
--				os=
++				;;
++			*)
++				basic_machine=$1
 +				basic_os=
- 				;;
- 		esac
++				;;
++		esac
+ 		;;
+ esac
+ 
+-# Decode aliases for certain CPU-COMPANY combinations.
++# Decode 1-component or ad-hoc basic machines
+ case $basic_machine in
+-	# Recognize the basic CPU types without company name.
+-	# Some are omitted here because they have special meanings below.
+-	1750a | 580 \
+-	| a29k \
+-	| aarch64 | aarch64_be \
+-	| alpha | alphaev[4-8] | alphaev56 | alphaev6[78] | alphapca5[67] \
+-	| alpha64 | alpha64ev[4-8] | alpha64ev56 | alpha64ev6[78] | alpha64pca5[67] \
+-	| am33_2.0 \
+-	| arc | arceb \
+-	| arm | arm[bl]e | arme[lb] | armv[2-8] | armv[3-8][lb] | armv7[arm] \
+-	| avr | avr32 \
+-	| ba \
+-	| be32 | be64 \
+-	| bfin \
+-	| c4x | c8051 | clipper \
+-	| d10v | d30v | dlx | dsp16xx \
+-	| e2k | epiphany \
+-	| fido | fr30 | frv | ft32 \
+-	| h8300 | h8500 | hppa | hppa1.[01] | hppa2.0 | hppa2.0[nw] | hppa64 \
+-	| hexagon \
+-	| i370 | i860 | i960 | ia16 | ia64 \
+-	| ip2k | iq2000 \
+-	| k1om \
+-	| le32 | le64 \
+-	| lm32 \
+-	| m32c | m32r | m32rle | m68000 | m68k | m88k \
+-	| maxq | mb | microblaze | microblazeel | mcore | mep | metag \
+-	| mips | mipsbe | mipseb | mipsel | mipsle \
+-	| mips16 \
+-	| mips64 | mips64el \
+-	| mips64octeon | mips64octeonel \
+-	| mips64orion | mips64orionel \
+-	| mips64r5900 | mips64r5900el \
+-	| mips64vr | mips64vrel \
+-	| mips64vr4100 | mips64vr4100el \
+-	| mips64vr4300 | mips64vr4300el \
+-	| mips64vr5000 | mips64vr5000el \
+-	| mips64vr5900 | mips64vr5900el \
+-	| mipsisa32 | mipsisa32el \
+-	| mipsisa32r2 | mipsisa32r2el \
+-	| mipsisa32r6 | mipsisa32r6el \
+-	| mipsisa64 | mipsisa64el \
+-	| mipsisa64r2 | mipsisa64r2el \
+-	| mipsisa64r6 | mipsisa64r6el \
+-	| mipsisa64sb1 | mipsisa64sb1el \
+-	| mipsisa64sr71k | mipsisa64sr71kel \
+-	| mipsr5900 | mipsr5900el \
+-	| mipstx39 | mipstx39el \
+-	| mn10200 | mn10300 \
+-	| moxie \
+-	| mt \
+-	| msp430 \
+-	| nds32 | nds32le | nds32be \
+-	| nios | nios2 | nios2eb | nios2el \
+-	| ns16k | ns32k \
+-	| open8 | or1k | or1knd | or32 \
+-	| pdp10 | pj | pjl \
+-	| powerpc | powerpc64 | powerpc64le | powerpcle \
+-	| pru \
+-	| pyramid \
+-	| riscv32 | riscv64 \
+-	| rl78 | rx \
+-	| score \
+-	| sh | sh[1234] | sh[24]a | sh[24]aeb | sh[23]e | sh[234]eb | sheb | shbe | shle | sh[1234]le | sh3ele \
+-	| sh64 | sh64le \
+-	| sparc | sparc64 | sparc64b | sparc64v | sparc86x | sparclet | sparclite \
+-	| sparcv8 | sparcv9 | sparcv9b | sparcv9v \
+-	| spu \
+-	| tahoe | tic4x | tic54x | tic55x | tic6x | tic80 | tron \
+-	| ubicom32 \
+-	| v850 | v850e | v850e1 | v850e2 | v850es | v850e2v3 \
+-	| visium \
+-	| wasm32 \
+-	| x86 | xc16x | xstormy16 | xtensa \
+-	| z8k | z80)
+-		basic_machine=$basic_machine-unknown
+-		;;
+-	c54x)
+-		basic_machine=tic54x-unknown
+-		;;
+-	c55x)
+-		basic_machine=tic55x-unknown
+-		;;
+-	c6x)
+-		basic_machine=tic6x-unknown
+-		;;
+-	leon|leon[3-9])
+-		basic_machine=sparc-$basic_machine
+-		;;
+-	m6811 | m68hc11 | m6812 | m68hc12 | m68hcs12x | nvptx | picochip)
+-		basic_machine=$basic_machine-unknown
+-		os=-none
++	# Here we handle the default manufacturer of certain CPU types.  It is in
++	# some cases the only manufacturer, in others, it is the most popular.
++	w89k)
++		cpu=hppa1.1
++		vendor=winbond
+ 		;;
+-	m88110 | m680[12346]0 | m683?2 | m68360 | m5200 | v70 | w65)
++	op50n)
++		cpu=hppa1.1
++		vendor=oki
+ 		;;
+-	ms1)
+-		basic_machine=mt-unknown
++	op60c)
++		cpu=hppa1.1
++		vendor=oki
+ 		;;
+-
+-	strongarm | thumb | xscale)
+-		basic_machine=arm-unknown
++	ibm*)
++		cpu=i370
++		vendor=ibm
+ 		;;
+-	xgate)
+-		basic_machine=$basic_machine-unknown
+-		os=-none
++	orion105)
++		cpu=clipper
++		vendor=highlevel
+ 		;;
+-	xscaleeb)
+-		basic_machine=armeb-unknown
++	mac | mpw | mac-mpw)
++		cpu=m68k
++		vendor=apple
+ 		;;
+-
+-	xscaleel)
+-		basic_machine=armel-unknown
++	pmac | pmac-mpw)
++		cpu=powerpc
++		vendor=apple
+ 		;;
+ 
+-	# We use `pc' rather than `unknown'
+-	# because (1) that's what they normally are, and
+-	# (2) the word "unknown" tends to confuse beginning users.
+-	i*86 | x86_64)
+-	  basic_machine=$basic_machine-pc
+-	  ;;
+-	# Object if more than one company name word.
+-	*-*-*)
+-		echo Invalid configuration \`"$1"\': machine \`"$basic_machine"\' not recognized 1>&2
+-		exit 1
+-		;;
+-	# Recognize the basic CPU types with company name.
+-	580-* \
+-	| a29k-* \
+-	| aarch64-* | aarch64_be-* \
+-	| alpha-* | alphaev[4-8]-* | alphaev56-* | alphaev6[78]-* \
+-	| alpha64-* | alpha64ev[4-8]-* | alpha64ev56-* | alpha64ev6[78]-* \
+-	| alphapca5[67]-* | alpha64pca5[67]-* | arc-* | arceb-* \
+-	| arm-*  | armbe-* | armle-* | armeb-* | armv*-* \
+-	| avr-* | avr32-* \
+-	| ba-* \
+-	| be32-* | be64-* \
+-	| bfin-* | bs2000-* \
+-	| c[123]* | c30-* | [cjt]90-* | c4x-* \
+-	| c8051-* | clipper-* | craynv-* | cydra-* \
+-	| d10v-* | d30v-* | dlx-* \
+-	| e2k-* | elxsi-* \
+-	| f30[01]-* | f700-* | fido-* | fr30-* | frv-* | fx80-* \
+-	| h8300-* | h8500-* \
+-	| hppa-* | hppa1.[01]-* | hppa2.0-* | hppa2.0[nw]-* | hppa64-* \
+-	| hexagon-* \
+-	| i*86-* | i860-* | i960-* | ia16-* | ia64-* \
+-	| ip2k-* | iq2000-* \
+-	| k1om-* \
+-	| le32-* | le64-* \
+-	| lm32-* \
+-	| m32c-* | m32r-* | m32rle-* \
+-	| m68000-* | m680[012346]0-* | m68360-* | m683?2-* | m68k-* \
+-	| m88110-* | m88k-* | maxq-* | mcore-* | metag-* \
+-	| microblaze-* | microblazeel-* \
+-	| mips-* | mipsbe-* | mipseb-* | mipsel-* | mipsle-* \
+-	| mips16-* \
+-	| mips64-* | mips64el-* \
+-	| mips64octeon-* | mips64octeonel-* \
+-	| mips64orion-* | mips64orionel-* \
+-	| mips64r5900-* | mips64r5900el-* \
+-	| mips64vr-* | mips64vrel-* \
+-	| mips64vr4100-* | mips64vr4100el-* \
+-	| mips64vr4300-* | mips64vr4300el-* \
+-	| mips64vr5000-* | mips64vr5000el-* \
+-	| mips64vr5900-* | mips64vr5900el-* \
+-	| mipsisa32-* | mipsisa32el-* \
+-	| mipsisa32r2-* | mipsisa32r2el-* \
+-	| mipsisa32r6-* | mipsisa32r6el-* \
+-	| mipsisa64-* | mipsisa64el-* \
+-	| mipsisa64r2-* | mipsisa64r2el-* \
+-	| mipsisa64r6-* | mipsisa64r6el-* \
+-	| mipsisa64sb1-* | mipsisa64sb1el-* \
+-	| mipsisa64sr71k-* | mipsisa64sr71kel-* \
+-	| mipsr5900-* | mipsr5900el-* \
+-	| mipstx39-* | mipstx39el-* \
+-	| mmix-* \
+-	| mt-* \
+-	| msp430-* \
+-	| nds32-* | nds32le-* | nds32be-* \
+-	| nios-* | nios2-* | nios2eb-* | nios2el-* \
+-	| none-* | np1-* | ns16k-* | ns32k-* \
+-	| open8-* \
+-	| or1k*-* \
+-	| orion-* \
+-	| pdp10-* | pdp11-* | pj-* | pjl-* | pn-* | power-* \
+-	| powerpc-* | powerpc64-* | powerpc64le-* | powerpcle-* \
+-	| pru-* \
+-	| pyramid-* \
+-	| riscv32-* | riscv64-* \
+-	| rl78-* | romp-* | rs6000-* | rx-* \
+-	| sh-* | sh[1234]-* | sh[24]a-* | sh[24]aeb-* | sh[23]e-* | sh[34]eb-* | sheb-* | shbe-* \
+-	| shle-* | sh[1234]le-* | sh3ele-* | sh64-* | sh64le-* \
+-	| sparc-* | sparc64-* | sparc64b-* | sparc64v-* | sparc86x-* | sparclet-* \
+-	| sparclite-* \
+-	| sparcv8-* | sparcv9-* | sparcv9b-* | sparcv9v-* | sv1-* | sx*-* \
+-	| tahoe-* \
+-	| tic30-* | tic4x-* | tic54x-* | tic55x-* | tic6x-* | tic80-* \
+-	| tile*-* \
+-	| tron-* \
+-	| ubicom32-* \
+-	| v850-* | v850e-* | v850e1-* | v850es-* | v850e2-* | v850e2v3-* \
+-	| vax-* \
+-	| visium-* \
+-	| wasm32-* \
+-	| we32k-* \
+-	| x86-* | x86_64-* | xc16x-* | xps100-* \
+-	| xstormy16-* | xtensa*-* \
+-	| ymp-* \
+-	| z8k-* | z80-*)
+-		;;
+-	# Recognize the basic CPU types without company name, with glob match.
+-	xtensa*)
+-		basic_machine=$basic_machine-unknown
+-		;;
+ 	# Recognize the various machine names and aliases which stand
+ 	# for a CPU type and a company and sometimes even an OS.
+-	386bsd)
+-		basic_machine=i386-pc
+-		os=-bsd
+-		;;
+ 	3b1 | 7300 | 7300-att | att-7300 | pc7300 | safari | unixpc)
+-		basic_machine=m68000-att
++		cpu=m68000
++		vendor=att
+ 		;;
+ 	3b*)
+-		basic_machine=we32k-att
+-		;;
+-	a29khif)
+-		basic_machine=a29k-amd
+-		os=-udi
+-		;;
+-	abacus)
+-		basic_machine=abacus-unknown
+-		;;
+-	adobe68k)
+-		basic_machine=m68010-adobe
+-		os=-scout
+-		;;
+-	alliant | fx80)
+-		basic_machine=fx80-alliant
+-		;;
+-	altos | altos3068)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-altos
+-		;;
+-	am29k)
+-		basic_machine=a29k-none
+-		os=-bsd
+-		;;
+-	amd64)
+-		basic_machine=x86_64-pc
+-		;;
+-	amd64-*)
+-		basic_machine=x86_64-`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/^[^-]*-//'`
+-		;;
+-	amdahl)
+-		basic_machine=580-amdahl
+-		os=-sysv
+-		;;
+-	amiga | amiga-*)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-unknown
+-		;;
+-	amigaos | amigados)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-unknown
+-		os=-amigaos
+-		;;
+-	amigaunix | amix)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-unknown
+-		os=-sysv4
+-		;;
+-	apollo68)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-apollo
+-		os=-sysv
+-		;;
+-	apollo68bsd)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-apollo
+-		os=-bsd
+-		;;
+-	aros)
+-		basic_machine=i386-pc
+-		os=-aros
+-		;;
+-	asmjs)
+-		basic_machine=asmjs-unknown
+-		;;
+-	aux)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-apple
+-		os=-aux
+-		;;
+-	balance)
+-		basic_machine=ns32k-sequent
+-		os=-dynix
+-		;;
+-	blackfin)
+-		basic_machine=bfin-unknown
+-		os=-linux
+-		;;
+-	blackfin-*)
+-		basic_machine=bfin-`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/^[^-]*-//'`
+-		os=-linux
++		cpu=we32k
++		vendor=att
  		;;
-@@ -685,17 +686,17 @@
  	bluegene*)
- 		cpu=powerpc
- 		vendor=ibm
--		os=cnk
+-		basic_machine=powerpc-ibm
+-		os=-cnk
+-		;;
+-	c54x-*)
+-		basic_machine=tic54x-`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/^[^-]*-//'`
+-		;;
+-	c55x-*)
+-		basic_machine=tic55x-`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/^[^-]*-//'`
+-		;;
+-	c6x-*)
+-		basic_machine=tic6x-`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/^[^-]*-//'`
+-		;;
+-	c90)
+-		basic_machine=c90-cray
+-		os=-unicos
+-		;;
+-	cegcc)
+-		basic_machine=arm-unknown
+-		os=-cegcc
+-		;;
+-	convex-c1)
+-		basic_machine=c1-convex
+-		os=-bsd
+-		;;
+-	convex-c2)
+-		basic_machine=c2-convex
+-		os=-bsd
+-		;;
+-	convex-c32)
+-		basic_machine=c32-convex
+-		os=-bsd
+-		;;
+-	convex-c34)
+-		basic_machine=c34-convex
+-		os=-bsd
+-		;;
+-	convex-c38)
+-		basic_machine=c38-convex
+-		os=-bsd
+-		;;
+-	cray | j90)
+-		basic_machine=j90-cray
+-		os=-unicos
+-		;;
+-	craynv)
+-		basic_machine=craynv-cray
+-		os=-unicosmp
+-		;;
+-	cr16 | cr16-*)
+-		basic_machine=cr16-unknown
+-		os=-elf
+-		;;
+-	crds | unos)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-crds
+-		;;
+-	crisv32 | crisv32-* | etraxfs*)
+-		basic_machine=crisv32-axis
+-		;;
+-	cris | cris-* | etrax*)
+-		basic_machine=cris-axis
+-		;;
+-	crx)
+-		basic_machine=crx-unknown
+-		os=-elf
+-		;;
+-	da30 | da30-*)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-da30
+-		;;
+-	decstation | decstation-3100 | pmax | pmax-* | pmin | dec3100 | decstatn)
+-		basic_machine=mips-dec
++		cpu=powerpc
++		vendor=ibm
 +		basic_os=cnk
  		;;
  	decsystem10* | dec10*)
- 		cpu=pdp10
- 		vendor=dec
--		os=tops10
+-		basic_machine=pdp10-dec
+-		os=-tops10
++		cpu=pdp10
++		vendor=dec
 +		basic_os=tops10
  		;;
  	decsystem20* | dec20*)
- 		cpu=pdp10
- 		vendor=dec
--		os=tops20
+-		basic_machine=pdp10-dec
+-		os=-tops20
++		cpu=pdp10
++		vendor=dec
 +		basic_os=tops20
  		;;
  	delta | 3300 | motorola-3300 | motorola-delta \
  	      | 3300-motorola | delta-motorola)
-@@ -705,7 +706,7 @@
+-		basic_machine=m68k-motorola
+-		;;
+-	delta88)
+-		basic_machine=m88k-motorola
+-		os=-sysv3
+-		;;
+-	dicos)
+-		basic_machine=i686-pc
+-		os=-dicos
+-		;;
+-	djgpp)
+-		basic_machine=i586-pc
+-		os=-msdosdjgpp
+-		;;
+-	dpx20 | dpx20-*)
+-		basic_machine=rs6000-bull
+-		os=-bosx
++		cpu=m68k
++		vendor=motorola
+ 		;;
  	dpx2*)
- 		cpu=m68k
- 		vendor=bull
--		os=sysv3
+-		basic_machine=m68k-bull
+-		os=-sysv3
+-		;;
+-	e500v[12])
+-		basic_machine=powerpc-unknown
+-		os=$os"spe"
+-		;;
+-	e500v[12]-*)
+-		basic_machine=powerpc-`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/^[^-]*-//'`
+-		os=$os"spe"
+-		;;
+-	ebmon29k)
+-		basic_machine=a29k-amd
+-		os=-ebmon
+-		;;
+-	elxsi)
+-		basic_machine=elxsi-elxsi
+-		os=-bsd
++		cpu=m68k
++		vendor=bull
 +		basic_os=sysv3
  		;;
  	encore | umax | mmax)
- 		cpu=ns32k
-@@ -714,7 +715,7 @@
- 	elxsi)
- 		cpu=elxsi
- 		vendor=elxsi
--		os=${os:-bsd}
+-		basic_machine=ns32k-encore
++		cpu=ns32k
++		vendor=encore
+ 		;;
+-	es1800 | OSE68k | ose68k | ose | OSE)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-ericsson
+-		os=-ose
++	elxsi)
++		cpu=elxsi
++		vendor=elxsi
 +		basic_os=${basic_os:-bsd}
  		;;
  	fx2800)
- 		cpu=i860
-@@ -727,7 +728,7 @@
+-		basic_machine=i860-alliant
++		cpu=i860
++		vendor=alliant
+ 		;;
+ 	genix)
+-		basic_machine=ns32k-ns
+-		;;
+-	gmicro)
+-		basic_machine=tron-gmicro
+-		os=-sysv
+-		;;
+-	go32)
+-		basic_machine=i386-pc
+-		os=-go32
++		cpu=ns32k
++		vendor=ns
+ 		;;
  	h3050r* | hiux*)
- 		cpu=hppa1.1
- 		vendor=hitachi
--		os=hiuxwe2
+-		basic_machine=hppa1.1-hitachi
+-		os=-hiuxwe2
+-		;;
+-	h8300hms)
+-		basic_machine=h8300-hitachi
+-		os=-hms
+-		;;
+-	h8300xray)
+-		basic_machine=h8300-hitachi
+-		os=-xray
+-		;;
+-	h8500hms)
+-		basic_machine=h8500-hitachi
+-		os=-hms
+-		;;
+-	harris)
+-		basic_machine=m88k-harris
+-		os=-sysv3
+-		;;
+-	hp300-*)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-hp
+-		;;
+-	hp300bsd)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-hp
+-		os=-bsd
+-		;;
+-	hp300hpux)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-hp
+-		os=-hpux
++		cpu=hppa1.1
++		vendor=hitachi
 +		basic_os=hiuxwe2
  		;;
  	hp3k9[0-9][0-9] | hp9[0-9][0-9])
- 		cpu=hppa1.0
-@@ -768,38 +769,38 @@
- 		vendor=hp
+-		basic_machine=hppa1.0-hp
++		cpu=hppa1.0
++		vendor=hp
+ 		;;
+ 	hp9k2[0-9][0-9] | hp9k31[0-9])
+-		basic_machine=m68000-hp
++		cpu=m68000
++		vendor=hp
+ 		;;
+ 	hp9k3[2-9][0-9])
+-		basic_machine=m68k-hp
++		cpu=m68k
++		vendor=hp
+ 		;;
+ 	hp9k6[0-9][0-9] | hp6[0-9][0-9])
+-		basic_machine=hppa1.0-hp
++		cpu=hppa1.0
++		vendor=hp
+ 		;;
+ 	hp9k7[0-79][0-9] | hp7[0-79][0-9])
+-		basic_machine=hppa1.1-hp
++		cpu=hppa1.1
++		vendor=hp
+ 		;;
+ 	hp9k78[0-9] | hp78[0-9])
+ 		# FIXME: really hppa2.0-hp
+-		basic_machine=hppa1.1-hp
++		cpu=hppa1.1
++		vendor=hp
+ 		;;
+ 	hp9k8[67]1 | hp8[67]1 | hp9k80[24] | hp80[24] | hp9k8[78]9 | hp8[78]9 | hp9k893 | hp893)
+ 		# FIXME: really hppa2.0-hp
+-		basic_machine=hppa1.1-hp
++		cpu=hppa1.1
++		vendor=hp
+ 		;;
+ 	hp9k8[0-9][13679] | hp8[0-9][13679])
+-		basic_machine=hppa1.1-hp
++		cpu=hppa1.1
++		vendor=hp
+ 		;;
+ 	hp9k8[0-9][0-9] | hp8[0-9][0-9])
+-		basic_machine=hppa1.0-hp
+-		;;
+-	hppaosf)
+-		basic_machine=hppa1.1-hp
+-		os=-osf
+-		;;
+-	hppro)
+-		basic_machine=hppa1.1-hp
+-		os=-proelf
+-		;;
+-	i370-ibm* | ibm*)
+-		basic_machine=i370-ibm
++		cpu=hppa1.0
++		vendor=hp
  		;;
  	i*86v32)
--		cpu=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86/'`
+-		basic_machine=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86-pc/'`
+-		os=-sysv32
 +		cpu=$(echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86/')
- 		vendor=pc
--		os=sysv32
++		vendor=pc
 +		basic_os=sysv32
  		;;
  	i*86v4*)
--		cpu=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86/'`
+-		basic_machine=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86-pc/'`
+-		os=-sysv4
 +		cpu=$(echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86/')
- 		vendor=pc
--		os=sysv4
++		vendor=pc
 +		basic_os=sysv4
  		;;
  	i*86v)
--		cpu=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86/'`
+-		basic_machine=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86-pc/'`
+-		os=-sysv
 +		cpu=$(echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86/')
- 		vendor=pc
--		os=sysv
++		vendor=pc
 +		basic_os=sysv
  		;;
  	i*86sol2)
--		cpu=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86/'`
+-		basic_machine=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86-pc/'`
+-		os=-solaris2
+-		;;
+-	i386mach)
+-		basic_machine=i386-mach
+-		os=-mach
+-		;;
+-	vsta)
+-		basic_machine=i386-unknown
+-		os=-vsta
 +		cpu=$(echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86/')
- 		vendor=pc
--		os=solaris2
++		vendor=pc
 +		basic_os=solaris2
- 		;;
- 	j90 | j90-cray)
- 		cpu=j90
- 		vendor=cray
--		os=${os:-unicos}
++		;;
++	j90 | j90-cray)
++		cpu=j90
++		vendor=cray
 +		basic_os=${basic_os:-unicos}
  		;;
  	iris | iris4d)
- 		cpu=mips
- 		vendor=sgi
+-		basic_machine=mips-sgi
 -		case $os in
+-		    -irix*)
++		cpu=mips
++		vendor=sgi
 +		case $basic_os in
- 		    irix*)
++		    irix*)
  			;;
  		    *)
--			os=irix4
+-			os=-irix4
 +			basic_os=irix4
  			;;
  		esac
  		;;
-@@ -810,24 +811,26 @@
- 	*mint | mint[0-9]* | *MiNT | *MiNT[0-9]*)
- 		cpu=m68k
- 		vendor=atari
--		os=mint
+-	isi68 | isi)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-isi
+-		os=-sysv
+-		;;
+-	leon-*|leon[3-9]-*)
+-		basic_machine=sparc-`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/-.*//'`
+-		;;
+-	m68knommu)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-unknown
+-		os=-linux
+-		;;
+-	m68knommu-*)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/^[^-]*-//'`
+-		os=-linux
+-		;;
+-	magnum | m3230)
+-		basic_machine=mips-mips
+-		os=-sysv
+-		;;
+-	merlin)
+-		basic_machine=ns32k-utek
+-		os=-sysv
+-		;;
+-	microblaze*)
+-		basic_machine=microblaze-xilinx
+-		;;
+-	mingw64)
+-		basic_machine=x86_64-pc
+-		os=-mingw64
+-		;;
+-	mingw32)
+-		basic_machine=i686-pc
+-		os=-mingw32
+-		;;
+-	mingw32ce)
+-		basic_machine=arm-unknown
+-		os=-mingw32ce
+-		;;
+ 	miniframe)
+-		basic_machine=m68000-convergent
+-		;;
+-	*mint | -mint[0-9]* | *MiNT | *MiNT[0-9]*)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-atari
+-		os=-mint
+-		;;
+-	mips3*-*)
+-		basic_machine=`echo "$basic_machine" | sed -e 's/mips3/mips64/'`
++		cpu=m68000
++		vendor=convergent
+ 		;;
+-	mips3*)
+-		basic_machine=`echo "$basic_machine" | sed -e 's/mips3/mips64/'`-unknown
+-		;;
+-	monitor)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-rom68k
+-		os=-coff
+-		;;
+-	morphos)
+-		basic_machine=powerpc-unknown
+-		os=-morphos
+-		;;
+-	moxiebox)
+-		basic_machine=moxie-unknown
+-		os=-moxiebox
+-		;;
+-	msdos)
+-		basic_machine=i386-pc
+-		os=-msdos
+-		;;
+-	ms1-*)
+-		basic_machine=`echo "$basic_machine" | sed -e 's/ms1-/mt-/'`
+-		;;
+-	msys)
+-		basic_machine=i686-pc
+-		os=-msys
+-		;;
+-	mvs)
+-		basic_machine=i370-ibm
+-		os=-mvs
+-		;;
+-	nacl)
+-		basic_machine=le32-unknown
+-		os=-nacl
+-		;;
+-	ncr3000)
+-		basic_machine=i486-ncr
+-		os=-sysv4
+-		;;
+-	netbsd386)
+-		basic_machine=i386-unknown
+-		os=-netbsd
+-		;;
+-	netwinder)
+-		basic_machine=armv4l-rebel
+-		os=-linux
+-		;;
+-	news | news700 | news800 | news900)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-sony
+-		os=-newsos
+-		;;
+-	news1000)
+-		basic_machine=m68030-sony
+-		os=-newsos
++	*mint | mint[0-9]* | *MiNT | *MiNT[0-9]*)
++		cpu=m68k
++		vendor=atari
 +		basic_os=mint
  		;;
  	news-3600 | risc-news)
- 		cpu=mips
- 		vendor=sony
--		os=newsos
+-		basic_machine=mips-sony
+-		os=-newsos
+-		;;
+-	necv70)
+-		basic_machine=v70-nec
+-		os=-sysv
++		cpu=mips
++		vendor=sony
 +		basic_os=newsos
  		;;
  	next | m*-next)
- 		cpu=m68k
- 		vendor=next
+-		basic_machine=m68k-next
 -		case $os in
--		    nextstep* )
+-		    -nextstep* )
++		cpu=m68k
++		vendor=next
 +		case $basic_os in
 +		    openstep*)
 +		        ;;
 +		    nextstep*)
  			;;
- 		    ns2*)
--		      os=nextstep2
+-		    -ns2*)
+-		      os=-nextstep2
++		    ns2*)
 +		      basic_os=nextstep2
  			;;
  		    *)
--		      os=nextstep3
+-		      os=-nextstep3
 +		      basic_os=nextstep3
  			;;
  		esac
  		;;
-@@ -838,12 +841,12 @@
+-	nh3000)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-harris
+-		os=-cxux
+-		;;
+-	nh[45]000)
+-		basic_machine=m88k-harris
+-		os=-cxux
+-		;;
+-	nindy960)
+-		basic_machine=i960-intel
+-		os=-nindy
+-		;;
+-	mon960)
+-		basic_machine=i960-intel
+-		os=-mon960
+-		;;
+-	nonstopux)
+-		basic_machine=mips-compaq
+-		os=-nonstopux
+-		;;
+ 	np1)
+-		basic_machine=np1-gould
+-		;;
+-	neo-tandem)
+-		basic_machine=neo-tandem
+-		;;
+-	nse-tandem)
+-		basic_machine=nse-tandem
+-		;;
+-	nsr-tandem)
+-		basic_machine=nsr-tandem
+-		;;
+-	nsv-tandem)
+-		basic_machine=nsv-tandem
+-		;;
+-	nsx-tandem)
+-		basic_machine=nsx-tandem
++		cpu=np1
++		vendor=gould
+ 		;;
  	op50n-* | op60c-*)
- 		cpu=hppa1.1
- 		vendor=oki
--		os=proelf
+-		basic_machine=hppa1.1-oki
+-		os=-proelf
+-		;;
+-	openrisc | openrisc-*)
+-		basic_machine=or32-unknown
+-		;;
+-	os400)
+-		basic_machine=powerpc-ibm
+-		os=-os400
+-		;;
+-	OSE68000 | ose68000)
+-		basic_machine=m68000-ericsson
+-		os=-ose
+-		;;
+-	os68k)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-none
+-		os=-os68k
++		cpu=hppa1.1
++		vendor=oki
 +		basic_os=proelf
  		;;
  	pa-hitachi)
- 		cpu=hppa1.1
- 		vendor=hitachi
--		os=hiuxwe2
+-		basic_machine=hppa1.1-hitachi
+-		os=-hiuxwe2
+-		;;
+-	paragon)
+-		basic_machine=i860-intel
+-		os=-osf
+-		;;
+-	parisc)
+-		basic_machine=hppa-unknown
+-		os=-linux
+-		;;
+-	parisc-*)
+-		basic_machine=hppa-`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/^[^-]*-//'`
+-		os=-linux
++		cpu=hppa1.1
++		vendor=hitachi
 +		basic_os=hiuxwe2
  		;;
  	pbd)
- 		cpu=sparc
-@@ -880,12 +883,12 @@
- 	sde)
- 		cpu=mipsisa32
- 		vendor=sde
--		os=${os:-elf}
+-		basic_machine=sparc-tti
++		cpu=sparc
++		vendor=tti
+ 		;;
+ 	pbb)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-tti
++		cpu=m68k
++		vendor=tti
+ 		;;
+-	pc532 | pc532-*)
+-		basic_machine=ns32k-pc532
++	pc532)
++		cpu=ns32k
++		vendor=pc532
+ 		;;
+-	pc98)
+-		basic_machine=i386-pc
++	pn)
++		cpu=pn
++		vendor=gould
+ 		;;
+-	pc98-*)
+-		basic_machine=i386-`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/^[^-]*-//'`
++	power)
++		cpu=power
++		vendor=ibm
+ 		;;
+-	pentium | p5 | k5 | k6 | nexgen | viac3)
+-		basic_machine=i586-pc
++	ps2)
++		cpu=i386
++		vendor=ibm
+ 		;;
+-	pentiumpro | p6 | 6x86 | athlon | athlon_*)
+-		basic_machine=i686-pc
++	rm[46]00)
++		cpu=mips
++		vendor=siemens
+ 		;;
+-	pentiumii | pentium2 | pentiumiii | pentium3)
+-		basic_machine=i686-pc
++	rtpc | rtpc-*)
++		cpu=romp
++		vendor=ibm
+ 		;;
+-	pentium4)
+-		basic_machine=i786-pc
++	sde)
++		cpu=mipsisa32
++		vendor=sde
 +		basic_os=${basic_os:-elf}
  		;;
- 	simso-wrs)
- 		cpu=sparclite
- 		vendor=wrs
--		os=vxworks
+-	pentium-* | p5-* | k5-* | k6-* | nexgen-* | viac3-*)
+-		basic_machine=i586-`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/^[^-]*-//'`
++	simso-wrs)
++		cpu=sparclite
++		vendor=wrs
 +		basic_os=vxworks
  		;;
- 	tower | tower-32)
- 		cpu=m68k
-@@ -902,7 +905,7 @@
- 	w89k-*)
- 		cpu=hppa1.1
- 		vendor=winbond
--		os=proelf
+-	pentiumpro-* | p6-* | 6x86-* | athlon-*)
+-		basic_machine=i686-`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/^[^-]*-//'`
++	tower | tower-32)
++		cpu=m68k
++		vendor=ncr
+ 		;;
+-	pentiumii-* | pentium2-* | pentiumiii-* | pentium3-*)
+-		basic_machine=i686-`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/^[^-]*-//'`
++	vpp*|vx|vx-*)
++		cpu=f301
++		vendor=fujitsu
+ 		;;
+-	pentium4-*)
+-		basic_machine=i786-`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/^[^-]*-//'`
++	w65)
++		cpu=w65
++		vendor=wdc
+ 		;;
+-	pn)
+-		basic_machine=pn-gould
++	w89k-*)
++		cpu=hppa1.1
++		vendor=winbond
 +		basic_os=proelf
  		;;
- 	none)
- 		cpu=none
-@@ -914,11 +917,12 @@
- 		;;
- 	leon-*|leon[3-9]-*)
- 		cpu=sparc
--		vendor=`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/-.*//'`
+-	power)	basic_machine=power-ibm
++	none)
++		cpu=none
++		vendor=none
+ 		;;
+-	ppc | ppcbe)	basic_machine=powerpc-unknown
++	leon|leon[3-9])
++		cpu=sparc
++		vendor=$basic_machine
+ 		;;
+-	ppc-* | ppcbe-*)
+-		basic_machine=powerpc-`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/^[^-]*-//'`
++	leon-*|leon[3-9]-*)
++		cpu=sparc
 +		vendor=$(echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/-.*//')
  		;;
- 
- 	*-*)
--		IFS="-" read -r cpu vendor <<EOF
+-	ppcle | powerpclittle)
+-		basic_machine=powerpcle-unknown
++
++	*-*)
 +		# shellcheck disable=SC2162
 +		IFS="-" read cpu vendor <<EOF
- $basic_machine
- EOF
++$basic_machine
++EOF
  		;;
-@@ -950,15 +954,15 @@
- 
- # Decode basic machines in the full and proper CPU-Company form.
- case $cpu-$vendor in
--	# Here we handle the default manufacturer of certain CPU types in cannonical form. It is in
+-	ppcle-* | powerpclittle-*)
+-		basic_machine=powerpcle-`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/^[^-]*-//'`
++	# We use `pc' rather than `unknown'
++	# because (1) that's what they normally are, and
++	# (2) the word "unknown" tends to confuse beginning users.
++	i*86 | x86_64)
++		cpu=$basic_machine
++		vendor=pc
+ 		;;
+-	ppc64)	basic_machine=powerpc64-unknown
++	# These rules are duplicated from below for sake of the special case above;
++	# i.e. things that normalized to x86 arches should also default to "pc"
++	pc98)
++		cpu=i386
++		vendor=pc
+ 		;;
+-	ppc64-*) basic_machine=powerpc64-`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/^[^-]*-//'`
++	x64 | amd64)
++		cpu=x86_64
++		vendor=pc
+ 		;;
+-	ppc64le | powerpc64little)
+-		basic_machine=powerpc64le-unknown
++	# Recognize the basic CPU types without company name.
++	*)
++		cpu=$basic_machine
++		vendor=unknown
+ 		;;
+-	ppc64le-* | powerpc64little-*)
+-		basic_machine=powerpc64le-`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/^[^-]*-//'`
++esac
++
++unset -v basic_machine
++
++# Decode basic machines in the full and proper CPU-Company form.
++case $cpu-$vendor in
 +	# Here we handle the default manufacturer of certain CPU types in canonical form. It is in
- 	# some cases the only manufacturer, in others, it is the most popular.
- 	craynv-unknown)
- 		vendor=cray
--		os=${os:-unicosmp}
++	# some cases the only manufacturer, in others, it is the most popular.
++	craynv-unknown)
++		vendor=cray
 +		basic_os=${basic_os:-unicosmp}
  		;;
- 	c90-unknown | c90-cray)
- 		vendor=cray
--		os=${os:-unicos}
+-	ps2)
+-		basic_machine=i386-ibm
++	c90-unknown | c90-cray)
++		vendor=cray
 +		basic_os=${Basic_os:-unicos}
  		;;
- 	fx80-unknown)
- 		vendor=alliant
-@@ -1002,7 +1006,7 @@
- 	dpx20-unknown | dpx20-bull)
- 		cpu=rs6000
- 		vendor=bull
--		os=${os:-bosx}
+-	pw32)
+-		basic_machine=i586-unknown
+-		os=-pw32
+-		;;
+-	rdos | rdos64)
+-		basic_machine=x86_64-pc
+-		os=-rdos
+-		;;
+-	rdos32)
+-		basic_machine=i386-pc
+-		os=-rdos
+-		;;
+-	rom68k)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-rom68k
+-		os=-coff
++	fx80-unknown)
++		vendor=alliant
+ 		;;
+-	rm[46]00)
+-		basic_machine=mips-siemens
++	romp-unknown)
++		vendor=ibm
+ 		;;
+-	rtpc | rtpc-*)
+-		basic_machine=romp-ibm
++	mmix-unknown)
++		vendor=knuth
+ 		;;
+-	s390 | s390-*)
+-		basic_machine=s390-ibm
++	microblaze-unknown | microblazeel-unknown)
++		vendor=xilinx
+ 		;;
+-	s390x | s390x-*)
+-		basic_machine=s390x-ibm
++	rs6000-unknown)
++		vendor=ibm
+ 		;;
+-	sa29200)
+-		basic_machine=a29k-amd
+-		os=-udi
++	vax-unknown)
++		vendor=dec
+ 		;;
+-	sb1)
+-		basic_machine=mipsisa64sb1-unknown
++	pdp11-unknown)
++		vendor=dec
+ 		;;
+-	sb1el)
+-		basic_machine=mipsisa64sb1el-unknown
++	we32k-unknown)
++		vendor=att
+ 		;;
+-	sde)
+-		basic_machine=mipsisa32-sde
+-		os=-elf
++	cydra-unknown)
++		vendor=cydrome
+ 		;;
+-	sei)
+-		basic_machine=mips-sei
+-		os=-seiux
++	i370-ibm*)
++		vendor=ibm
+ 		;;
+-	sequent)
+-		basic_machine=i386-sequent
++	orion-unknown)
++		vendor=highlevel
+ 		;;
+-	sh5el)
+-		basic_machine=sh5le-unknown
++	xps-unknown | xps100-unknown)
++		cpu=xps100
++		vendor=honeywell
+ 		;;
+-	simso-wrs)
+-		basic_machine=sparclite-wrs
+-		os=-vxworks
++
++	# Here we normalize CPU types with a missing or matching vendor
++	dpx20-unknown | dpx20-bull)
++		cpu=rs6000
++		vendor=bull
 +		basic_os=${basic_os:-bosx}
  		;;
- 
- 	# Here we normalize CPU types irrespective of the vendor
-@@ -1011,7 +1015,7 @@
- 		;;
- 	blackfin-*)
- 		cpu=bfin
--		os=linux
+-	sps7)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-bull
+-		os=-sysv2
+-		;;
+-	spur)
+-		basic_machine=spur-unknown
+-		;;
+-	st2000)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-tandem
+-		;;
+-	stratus)
+-		basic_machine=i860-stratus
+-		os=-sysv4
++
++	# Here we normalize CPU types irrespective of the vendor
++	amd64-*)
++		cpu=x86_64
+ 		;;
+-	strongarm-* | thumb-*)
+-		basic_machine=arm-`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/^[^-]*-//'`
++	blackfin-*)
++		cpu=bfin
 +		basic_os=linux
  		;;
- 	c54x-*)
- 		cpu=tic54x
-@@ -1024,7 +1028,7 @@
- 		;;
- 	e500v[12]-*)
- 		cpu=powerpc
--		os=$os"spe"
+-	sun2)
+-		basic_machine=m68000-sun
++	c54x-*)
++		cpu=tic54x
+ 		;;
+-	sun2os3)
+-		basic_machine=m68000-sun
+-		os=-sunos3
++	c55x-*)
++		cpu=tic55x
+ 		;;
+-	sun2os4)
+-		basic_machine=m68000-sun
+-		os=-sunos4
++	c6x-*)
++		cpu=tic6x
+ 		;;
+-	sun3os3)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-sun
+-		os=-sunos3
++	e500v[12]-*)
++		cpu=powerpc
 +		basic_os=${basic_os}"spe"
  		;;
- 	mips3*-*)
- 		cpu=mips64
-@@ -1034,7 +1038,7 @@
- 		;;
- 	m68knommu-*)
- 		cpu=m68k
--		os=linux
+-	sun3os4)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-sun
+-		os=-sunos4
++	mips3*-*)
++		cpu=mips64
+ 		;;
+-	sun4os3)
+-		basic_machine=sparc-sun
+-		os=-sunos3
++	ms1-*)
++		cpu=mt
+ 		;;
+-	sun4os4)
+-		basic_machine=sparc-sun
+-		os=-sunos4
++	m68knommu-*)
++		cpu=m68k
 +		basic_os=linux
  		;;
- 	m9s12z-* | m68hcs12z-* | hcs12z-* | s12z-*)
- 		cpu=s12z
-@@ -1044,7 +1048,7 @@
- 		;;
- 	parisc-*)
- 		cpu=hppa
--		os=linux
+-	sun4sol2)
+-		basic_machine=sparc-sun
+-		os=-solaris2
++	m9s12z-* | m68hcs12z-* | hcs12z-* | s12z-*)
++		cpu=s12z
+ 		;;
+-	sun3 | sun3-*)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-sun
++	openrisc-*)
++		cpu=or32
+ 		;;
+-	sun4)
+-		basic_machine=sparc-sun
++	parisc-*)
++		cpu=hppa
 +		basic_os=linux
  		;;
- 	pentium-* | p5-* | k5-* | k6-* | nexgen-* | viac3-*)
- 		cpu=i586
-@@ -1080,7 +1084,7 @@
- 		cpu=mipsisa64sb1el
- 		;;
- 	sh5e[lb]-*)
--		cpu=`echo "$cpu" | sed 's/^\(sh.\)e\(.\)$/\1\2e/'`
+-	sun386 | sun386i | roadrunner)
+-		basic_machine=i386-sun
++	pentium-* | p5-* | k5-* | k6-* | nexgen-* | viac3-*)
++		cpu=i586
+ 		;;
+-	sv1)
+-		basic_machine=sv1-cray
+-		os=-unicos
++	pentiumpro-* | p6-* | 6x86-* | athlon-* | athalon_*-*)
++		cpu=i686
+ 		;;
+-	symmetry)
+-		basic_machine=i386-sequent
+-		os=-dynix
++	pentiumii-* | pentium2-* | pentiumiii-* | pentium3-*)
++		cpu=i686
+ 		;;
+-	t3e)
+-		basic_machine=alphaev5-cray
+-		os=-unicos
++	pentium4-*)
++		cpu=i786
+ 		;;
+-	t90)
+-		basic_machine=t90-cray
+-		os=-unicos
++	pc98-*)
++		cpu=i386
+ 		;;
+-	tile*)
+-		basic_machine=$basic_machine-unknown
+-		os=-linux-gnu
++	ppc-* | ppcbe-*)
++		cpu=powerpc
+ 		;;
+-	tx39)
+-		basic_machine=mipstx39-unknown
++	ppcle-* | powerpclittle-*)
++		cpu=powerpcle
+ 		;;
+-	tx39el)
+-		basic_machine=mipstx39el-unknown
++	ppc64-*)
++		cpu=powerpc64
+ 		;;
+-	toad1)
+-		basic_machine=pdp10-xkl
+-		os=-tops20
++	ppc64le-* | powerpc64little-*)
++		cpu=powerpc64le
+ 		;;
+-	tower | tower-32)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-ncr
++	sb1-*)
++		cpu=mipsisa64sb1
+ 		;;
+-	tpf)
+-		basic_machine=s390x-ibm
+-		os=-tpf
+-		;;
+-	udi29k)
+-		basic_machine=a29k-amd
+-		os=-udi
+-		;;
+-	ultra3)
+-		basic_machine=a29k-nyu
+-		os=-sym1
+-		;;
+-	v810 | necv810)
+-		basic_machine=v810-nec
+-		os=-none
+-		;;
+-	vaxv)
+-		basic_machine=vax-dec
+-		os=-sysv
+-		;;
+-	vms)
+-		basic_machine=vax-dec
+-		os=-vms
++	sb1el-*)
++		cpu=mipsisa64sb1el
+ 		;;
+-	vpp*|vx|vx-*)
+-		basic_machine=f301-fujitsu
++	sh5e[lb]-*)
 +		cpu=$(echo "$cpu" | sed 's/^\(sh.\)e\(.\)$/\1\2e/')
  		;;
- 	spur-*)
- 		cpu=spur
-@@ -1098,13 +1102,16 @@
- 		cpu=x86_64
+-	vxworks960)
+-		basic_machine=i960-wrs
+-		os=-vxworks
+-		;;
+-	vxworks68)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-wrs
+-		os=-vxworks
+-		;;
+-	vxworks29k)
+-		basic_machine=a29k-wrs
+-		os=-vxworks
+-		;;
+-	w65*)
+-		basic_machine=w65-wdc
+-		os=-none
++	spur-*)
++		cpu=spur
+ 		;;
+-	w89k-*)
+-		basic_machine=hppa1.1-winbond
+-		os=-proelf
++	strongarm-* | thumb-*)
++		cpu=arm
+ 		;;
+-	x64)
+-		basic_machine=x86_64-pc
++	tx39-*)
++		cpu=mipstx39
+ 		;;
+-	xbox)
+-		basic_machine=i686-pc
+-		os=-mingw32
++	tx39el-*)
++		cpu=mipstx39el
+ 		;;
+-	xps | xps100)
+-		basic_machine=xps100-honeywell
++	x64-*)
++		cpu=x86_64
  		;;
  	xscale-* | xscalee[bl]-*)
--		cpu=`echo "$cpu" | sed 's/^xscale/arm/'`
+-		basic_machine=`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/^xscale/arm/'`
 +		cpu=$(echo "$cpu" | sed 's/^xscale/arm/')
-+		;;
+ 		;;
+-	ymp)
+-		basic_machine=ymp-cray
+-		os=-unicos
+-		;;
+-	none)
+-		basic_machine=none-none
+-		os=-none
 +	arm64-*)
 +		cpu=aarch64
  		;;
  
--	# Recognize the cannonical CPU Types that limit and/or modify the
+-# Here we handle the default manufacturer of certain CPU types.  It is in
+-# some cases the only manufacturer, in others, it is the most popular.
+-	w89k)
+-		basic_machine=hppa1.1-winbond
+-		;;
+-	op50n)
+-		basic_machine=hppa1.1-oki
+-		;;
+-	op60c)
+-		basic_machine=hppa1.1-oki
 +	# Recognize the canonical CPU Types that limit and/or modify the
- 	# company names they are paired with.
- 	cr16-*)
--		os=${os:-elf}
++	# company names they are paired with.
++	cr16-*)
 +		basic_os=${basic_os:-elf}
  		;;
- 	crisv32-* | etraxfs*-*)
- 		cpu=crisv32
-@@ -1115,7 +1122,7 @@
- 		vendor=axis
- 		;;
- 	crx-*)
--		os=${os:-elf}
+-	romp)
+-		basic_machine=romp-ibm
++	crisv32-* | etraxfs*-*)
++		cpu=crisv32
++		vendor=axis
+ 		;;
+-	mmix)
+-		basic_machine=mmix-knuth
++	cris-* | etrax*-*)
++		cpu=cris
++		vendor=axis
+ 		;;
+-	rs6000)
+-		basic_machine=rs6000-ibm
++	crx-*)
 +		basic_os=${basic_os:-elf}
  		;;
- 	neo-tandem)
- 		cpu=neo
-@@ -1137,20 +1144,16 @@
- 		cpu=nsx
- 		vendor=tandem
- 		;;
--	s390-*)
--		cpu=s390
--		vendor=ibm
+-	vax)
+-		basic_machine=vax-dec
 -		;;
--	s390x-*)
--		cpu=s390x
--		vendor=ibm
+-	pdp11)
+-		basic_machine=pdp11-dec
+-		;;
+-	we32k)
+-		basic_machine=we32k-att
+-		;;
+-	sh[1234] | sh[24]a | sh[24]aeb | sh[34]eb | sh[1234]le | sh[23]ele)
+-		basic_machine=sh-unknown
++	neo-tandem)
++		cpu=neo
++		vendor=tandem
+ 		;;
+-	cydra)
+-		basic_machine=cydra-cydrome
++	nse-tandem)
++		cpu=nse
++		vendor=tandem
+ 		;;
+-	orion)
+-		basic_machine=orion-highlevel
++	nsr-tandem)
++		cpu=nsr
++		vendor=tandem
+ 		;;
+-	orion105)
+-		basic_machine=clipper-highlevel
++	nsv-tandem)
++		cpu=nsv
++		vendor=tandem
+ 		;;
+-	mac | mpw | mac-mpw)
+-		basic_machine=m68k-apple
++	nsx-tandem)
++		cpu=nsx
++		vendor=tandem
+ 		;;
+-	pmac | pmac-mpw)
+-		basic_machine=powerpc-apple
 +	mipsallegrexel-sony)
 +		cpu=mipsallegrexel
 +		vendor=sony
  		;;
- 	tile*-*)
--		os=${os:-linux-gnu}
+-	*-unknown)
+-		# Make sure to match an already-canonicalized machine name.
++	tile*-*)
 +		basic_os=${basic_os:-linux-gnu}
  		;;
- 
++
  	*)
--		# Recognize the cannonical CPU types that are allowed with any
+-		echo Invalid configuration \`"$1"\': machine \`"$basic_machine"\' not recognized 1>&2
+-		exit 1
 +		# Recognize the canonical CPU types that are allowed with any
- 		# company name.
- 		case $cpu in
- 			1750a | 580 \
-@@ -1161,13 +1164,14 @@
- 			| alpha64 | alpha64ev[4-8] | alpha64ev56 | alpha64ev6[78] \
- 			| alphapca5[67] | alpha64pca5[67] \
- 			| am33_2.0 \
++		# company name.
++		case $cpu in
++			1750a | 580 \
++			| a29k \
++			| aarch64 | aarch64_be \
++			| abacus \
++			| alpha | alphaev[4-8] | alphaev56 | alphaev6[78] \
++			| alpha64 | alpha64ev[4-8] | alpha64ev56 | alpha64ev6[78] \
++			| alphapca5[67] | alpha64pca5[67] \
++			| am33_2.0 \
 +			| amdgcn \
- 			| arc | arceb \
--			| arm  | arm[lb]e | arme[lb] | armv* \
++			| arc | arceb \
 +			| arm | arm[lb]e | arme[lb] | armv* \
- 			| avr | avr32 \
- 			| asmjs \
- 			| ba \
- 			| be32 | be64 \
--			| bfin | bs2000 \
++			| avr | avr32 \
++			| asmjs \
++			| ba \
++			| be32 | be64 \
 +			| bfin | bpf | bs2000 \
- 			| c[123]* | c30 | [cjt]90 | c4x \
- 			| c8051 | clipper | craynv | csky | cydra \
- 			| d10v | d30v | dlx | dsp16xx \
-@@ -1182,13 +1186,13 @@
- 			| le32 | le64 \
- 			| lm32 \
- 			| m32c | m32r | m32rle \
--			| m5200 | m68000 | m680[012346]0 | m68360 | m683?2 | m68k | v70 | w65 \
--			| m6811 | m68hc11 | m6812 | m68hc12 | m68hcs12x | nvptx | picochip \
++			| c[123]* | c30 | [cjt]90 | c4x \
++			| c8051 | clipper | craynv | csky | cydra \
++			| d10v | d30v | dlx | dsp16xx \
++			| e2k | elxsi | epiphany \
++			| f30[01] | f700 | fido | fr30 | frv | ft32 | fx80 \
++			| h8300 | h8500 \
++			| hppa | hppa1.[01] | hppa2.0 | hppa2.0[nw] | hppa64 \
++			| hexagon \
++			| i370 | i*86 | i860 | i960 | ia16 | ia64 \
++			| ip2k | iq2000 \
++			| k1om \
++			| le32 | le64 \
++			| lm32 \
++			| m32c | m32r | m32rle \
 +			| m5200 | m68000 | m680[012346]0 | m68360 | m683?2 | m68k \
 +			| m6811 | m68hc11 | m6812 | m68hc12 | m68hcs12x \
- 			| m88110 | m88k | maxq | mb | mcore | mep | metag \
- 			| microblaze | microblazeel \
- 			| mips | mipsbe | mipseb | mipsel | mipsle \
- 			| mips16 \
--			| mips64 | mips64el \
++			| m88110 | m88k | maxq | mb | mcore | mep | metag \
++			| microblaze | microblazeel \
++			| mips | mipsbe | mipseb | mipsel | mipsle \
++			| mips16 \
 +			| mips64 | mips64eb | mips64el \
- 			| mips64octeon | mips64octeonel \
- 			| mips64orion | mips64orionel \
- 			| mips64r5900 | mips64r5900el \
-@@ -1215,19 +1219,22 @@
- 			| nds32 | nds32le | nds32be \
- 			| nfp \
- 			| nios | nios2 | nios2eb | nios2el \
--			| none | np1 | ns16k | ns32k \
++			| mips64octeon | mips64octeonel \
++			| mips64orion | mips64orionel \
++			| mips64r5900 | mips64r5900el \
++			| mips64vr | mips64vrel \
++			| mips64vr4100 | mips64vr4100el \
++			| mips64vr4300 | mips64vr4300el \
++			| mips64vr5000 | mips64vr5000el \
++			| mips64vr5900 | mips64vr5900el \
++			| mipsisa32 | mipsisa32el \
++			| mipsisa32r2 | mipsisa32r2el \
++			| mipsisa32r6 | mipsisa32r6el \
++			| mipsisa64 | mipsisa64el \
++			| mipsisa64r2 | mipsisa64r2el \
++			| mipsisa64r6 | mipsisa64r6el \
++			| mipsisa64sb1 | mipsisa64sb1el \
++			| mipsisa64sr71k | mipsisa64sr71kel \
++			| mipsr5900 | mipsr5900el \
++			| mipstx39 | mipstx39el \
++			| mmix \
++			| mn10200 | mn10300 \
++			| moxie \
++			| mt \
++			| msp430 \
++			| nds32 | nds32le | nds32be \
++			| nfp \
++			| nios | nios2 | nios2eb | nios2el \
 +			| none | np1 | ns16k | ns32k | nvptx \
- 			| open8 \
- 			| or1k* \
- 			| or32 \
- 			| orion \
++			| open8 \
++			| or1k* \
++			| or32 \
++			| orion \
 +			| picochip \
- 			| pdp10 | pdp11 | pj | pjl | pn | power \
- 			| powerpc | powerpc64 | powerpc64le | powerpcle | powerpcspe \
- 			| pru \
- 			| pyramid \
- 			| riscv | riscv32 | riscv64 \
- 			| rl78 | romp | rs6000 | rx \
++			| pdp10 | pdp11 | pj | pjl | pn | power \
++			| powerpc | powerpc64 | powerpc64le | powerpcle | powerpcspe \
++			| pru \
++			| pyramid \
++			| riscv | riscv32 | riscv64 \
++			| rl78 | romp | rs6000 | rx \
 +			| s390 | s390x \
- 			| score \
--			| sh | sh[1234] | sh[24]a | sh[24]ae[lb] | sh[23]e | she[lb] | sh[lb]e \
++			| score \
 +			| sh | shl \
 +			| sh[1234] | sh[24]a | sh[24]ae[lb] | sh[23]e | she[lb] | sh[lb]e \
- 			| sh[1234]e[lb] |  sh[12345][lb]e | sh[23]ele | sh64 | sh64le \
- 			| sparc | sparc64 | sparc64b | sparc64v | sparc86x | sparclet \
- 			| sparclite \
-@@ -1237,10 +1244,11 @@
- 			| tic30 | tic4x | tic54x | tic55x | tic6x | tic80 \
- 			| tron \
- 			| ubicom32 \
--			| v850 | v850e | v850e1 | v850es | v850e2 | v850e2v3 \
++			| sh[1234]e[lb] |  sh[12345][lb]e | sh[23]ele | sh64 | sh64le \
++			| sparc | sparc64 | sparc64b | sparc64v | sparc86x | sparclet \
++			| sparclite \
++			| sparcv8 | sparcv9 | sparcv9b | sparcv9v | sv1 | sx* \
++			| spu \
++			| tahoe \
++			| tic30 | tic4x | tic54x | tic55x | tic6x | tic80 \
++			| tron \
++			| ubicom32 \
 +			| v70 | v850 | v850e | v850e1 | v850es | v850e2 | v850e2v3 \
- 			| vax \
- 			| visium \
--			| wasm32 \
++			| vax \
++			| visium \
 +			| w65 \
 +			| wasm32 | wasm64 \
- 			| we32k \
- 			| x86 | x86_64 | xc16x | xgate | xps100 \
- 			| xstormy16 | xtensa* \
-@@ -1270,8 +1278,47 @@
++			| we32k \
++			| x86 | x86_64 | xc16x | xgate | xps100 \
++			| xstormy16 | xtensa* \
++			| ymp \
++			| z8k | z80)
++				;;
++
++			*)
++				echo Invalid configuration \`"$1"\': machine \`"$cpu-$vendor"\' not recognized 1>&2
++				exit 1
++				;;
++		esac
+ 		;;
+ esac
+ 
+ # Here we canonicalize certain aliases for manufacturers.
+-case $basic_machine in
+-	*-digital*)
+-		basic_machine=`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/digital.*/dec/'`
++case $vendor in
++	digital*)
++		vendor=dec
+ 		;;
+-	*-commodore*)
+-		basic_machine=`echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/commodore.*/cbm/'`
++	commodore*)
++		vendor=cbm
+ 		;;
+ 	*)
+ 		;;
+@@ -1334,203 +1278,213 @@
  
  # Decode manufacturer-specific aliases for certain operating systems.
  
--if [ x$os != x ]
+-if [ x"$os" != x"" ]
 +if test x$basic_os != x
  then
 +
@@ -1124,184 +2289,301 @@ aarch64/arm64/M1 can compile.
  case $os in
  	# First match some system type aliases that might get confused
  	# with valid system types.
-@@ -1283,7 +1330,7 @@
- 		os=cnk
- 		;;
- 	solaris1 | solaris1.*)
+-	# -solaris* is a basic system type, with this one exception.
+-	-auroraux)
+-		os=-auroraux
++	# solaris* is a basic system type, with this one exception.
++	auroraux)
++		os=auroraux
+ 		;;
+-	-solaris1 | -solaris1.*)
 -		os=`echo $os | sed -e 's|solaris1|sunos4|'`
++	bluegene*)
++		os=cnk
+ 		;;
+-	-solaris)
+-		os=-solaris2
++	solaris1 | solaris1.*)
 +		os=$(echo $os | sed -e 's|solaris1|sunos4|')
  		;;
- 	solaris)
- 		os=solaris2
-@@ -1291,9 +1338,6 @@
- 	unixware*)
- 		os=sysv4.2uw
+-	-unixware*)
+-		os=-sysv4.2uw
++	solaris)
++		os=solaris2
  		;;
--	gnu/linux*)
+-	-gnu/linux*)
 -		os=`echo $os | sed -e 's|gnu/linux|linux-gnu|'`
--		;;
- 	# es1800 is here to avoid being matched by es* (a different OS)
- 	es1800*)
- 		os=ose
-@@ -1315,12 +1359,9 @@
- 		os=sco3.2v4
- 		;;
- 	sco3.2.[4-9]*)
--		os=`echo $os | sed -e 's/sco3.2./sco3.2v/'`
--		;;
--	sco3.2v[4-9]* | sco5v6*)
--		# Don't forget version if it is 3.2v4 or newer.
-+		os=$(echo $os | sed -e 's/sco3.2./sco3.2v/')
++	unixware*)
++		os=sysv4.2uw
  		;;
--	scout)
-+	sco*v* | scout)
- 		# Don't match below
- 		;;
- 	sco*)
-@@ -1329,78 +1370,26 @@
- 	psos*)
- 		os=psos
+ 	# es1800 is here to avoid being matched by es* (a different OS)
+-	-es1800*)
+-		os=-ose
++	es1800*)
++		os=ose
  		;;
 -	# Now accept the basic system types.
 -	# The portable systems comes first.
 -	# Each alternative MUST end in a * to match a version number.
--	# sysv* is not here because it comes later, after sysvr4.
--	gnu* | bsd* | mach* | minix* | genix* | ultrix* | irix* \
--	     | *vms* | esix* | aix* | cnk* | sunos | sunos[34]*\
--	     | hpux* | unos* | osf* | luna* | dgux* | auroraux* | solaris* \
--	     | sym* | kopensolaris* | plan9* \
--	     | amigaos* | amigados* | msdos* | newsos* | unicos* | aof* \
--	     | aos* | aros* | cloudabi* | sortix* \
--	     | nindy* | vxsim* | vxworks* | ebmon* | hms* | mvs* \
--	     | clix* | riscos* | uniplus* | iris* | isc* | rtu* | xenix* \
--	     | knetbsd* | mirbsd* | netbsd* \
--	     | bitrig* | openbsd* | solidbsd* | libertybsd* \
--	     | ekkobsd* | kfreebsd* | freebsd* | riscix* | lynxos* \
--	     | bosx* | nextstep* | cxux* | aout* | elf* | oabi* \
--	     | ptx* | coff* | ecoff* | winnt* | domain* | vsta* \
--	     | udi* | eabi* | lites* | ieee* | go32* | aux* | hcos* \
--	     | chorusrdb* | cegcc* | glidix* \
--	     | cygwin* | msys* | pe* | moss* | proelf* | rtems* \
--	     | midipix* | mingw32* | mingw64* | linux-gnu* | linux-android* \
--	     | linux-newlib* | linux-musl* | linux-uclibc* \
--	     | uxpv* | beos* | mpeix* | udk* | moxiebox* \
--	     | interix* | uwin* | mks* | rhapsody* | darwin* \
--	     | openstep* | oskit* | conix* | pw32* | nonstopux* \
--	     | storm-chaos* | tops10* | tenex* | tops20* | its* \
--	     | os2* | vos* | palmos* | uclinux* | nucleus* \
--	     | morphos* | superux* | rtmk* | windiss* \
--	     | powermax* | dnix* | nx6 | nx7 | sei* | dragonfly* \
--	     | skyos* | haiku* | rdos* | toppers* | drops* | es* \
--	     | onefs* | tirtos* | phoenix* | fuchsia* | redox* | bme* \
--	     | midnightbsd*)
+-	# -sysv* is not here because it comes later, after sysvr4.
+-	-gnu* | -bsd* | -mach* | -minix* | -genix* | -ultrix* | -irix* \
+-	      | -*vms* | -sco* | -esix* | -isc* | -aix* | -cnk* | -sunos | -sunos[34]*\
+-	      | -hpux* | -unos* | -osf* | -luna* | -dgux* | -auroraux* | -solaris* \
+-	      | -sym* | -kopensolaris* | -plan9* \
+-	      | -amigaos* | -amigados* | -msdos* | -newsos* | -unicos* | -aof* \
+-	      | -aos* | -aros* | -cloudabi* | -sortix* \
+-	      | -nindy* | -vxsim* | -vxworks* | -ebmon* | -hms* | -mvs* \
+-	      | -clix* | -riscos* | -uniplus* | -iris* | -rtu* | -xenix* \
+-	      | -hiux* | -knetbsd* | -mirbsd* | -netbsd* \
+-	      | -bitrig* | -openbsd* | -solidbsd* | -libertybsd* \
+-	      | -ekkobsd* | -kfreebsd* | -freebsd* | -riscix* | -lynxos* \
+-	      | -bosx* | -nextstep* | -cxux* | -aout* | -elf* | -oabi* \
+-	      | -ptx* | -coff* | -ecoff* | -winnt* | -domain* | -vsta* \
+-	      | -udi* | -eabi* | -lites* | -ieee* | -go32* | -aux* \
+-	      | -chorusos* | -chorusrdb* | -cegcc* | -glidix* \
+-	      | -cygwin* | -msys* | -pe* | -psos* | -moss* | -proelf* | -rtems* \
+-	      | -midipix* | -mingw32* | -mingw64* | -linux-gnu* | -linux-android* \
+-	      | -linux-newlib* | -linux-musl* | -linux-uclibc* \
+-	      | -uxpv* | -beos* | -mpeix* | -udk* | -moxiebox* \
+-	      | -interix* | -uwin* | -mks* | -rhapsody* | -darwin* \
+-	      | -openstep* | -oskit* | -conix* | -pw32* | -nonstopux* \
+-	      | -storm-chaos* | -tops10* | -tenex* | -tops20* | -its* \
+-	      | -os2* | -vos* | -palmos* | -uclinux* | -nucleus* \
+-	      | -morphos* | -superux* | -rtmk* | -windiss* \
+-	      | -powermax* | -dnix* | -nx6 | -nx7 | -sei* | -dragonfly* \
+-	      | -skyos* | -haiku* | -rdos* | -toppers* | -drops* | -es* \
+-	      | -onefs* | -tirtos* | -phoenix* | -fuchsia* | -redox* | -bme* \
+-	      | -midnightbsd*)
 -	# Remember, each alternative MUST END IN *, to match a version number.
 -		;;
- 	qnx*)
--		case $cpu in
--		    x86 | i*86)
+-	-qnx*)
+-		case $basic_machine in
+-		    x86-* | i*86-*)
 -			;;
 -		    *)
--			os=nto-$os
+-			os=-nto$os
 -			;;
 -		esac
-+		os=qnx
++	# Some version numbers need modification
++	chorusos*)
++		os=chorusos
  		;;
- 	hiux*)
- 		os=hiuxwe2
+-	-nto-qnx*)
++	isc)
++		os=isc2.2
  		;;
--	nto-qnx*)
--		;;
--	nto*)
+-	-nto*)
 -		os=`echo $os | sed -e 's|nto|nto-qnx|'`
--		;;
--	sim | xray | os68k* | v88r* \
--	    | windows* | osx | abug | netware* | os9* \
--	    | macos* | mpw* | magic* | mmixware* | mon960* | lnews*)
--		;;
--	linux-dietlibc)
--		os=linux-dietlibc
--		;;
--	linux*)
++	sco6)
++		os=sco5v6
+ 		;;
+-	-sim | -xray | -os68k* | -v88r* \
+-	      | -windows* | -osx | -abug | -netware* | -os9* \
+-	      | -macos* | -mpw* | -magic* | -mmixware* | -mon960* | -lnews*)
++	sco5)
++		os=sco3.2v5
+ 		;;
+-	-mac*)
+-		os=`echo "$os" | sed -e 's|mac|macos|'`
++	sco4)
++		os=sco3.2v4
+ 		;;
+-	-linux-dietlibc)
+-		os=-linux-dietlibc
++	sco3.2.[4-9]*)
++		os=$(echo $os | sed -e 's/sco3.2./sco3.2v/')
+ 		;;
+-	-linux*)
 -		os=`echo $os | sed -e 's|linux|linux-gnu|'`
--		;;
- 	lynx*178)
- 		os=lynxos178
++	sco*v* | scout)
++		# Don't match below
+ 		;;
+-	-sunos5*)
+-		os=`echo "$os" | sed -e 's|sunos5|solaris2|'`
++	sco*)
++		os=sco3.2v2
+ 		;;
+-	-sunos6*)
+-		os=`echo "$os" | sed -e 's|sunos6|solaris3|'`
++	psos*)
++		os=psos
  		;;
- 	lynx*5)
- 		os=lynxos5
+-	-opened*)
+-		os=-openedition
++	qnx*)
++		os=qnx
+ 		;;
+-	-os400*)
+-		os=-os400
++	hiux*)
++		os=hiuxwe2
+ 		;;
+-	-wince*)
+-		os=-wince
++	lynx*178)
++		os=lynxos178
+ 		;;
+-	-utek*)
+-		os=-bsd
++	lynx*5)
++		os=lynxos5
  		;;
+-	-dynix*)
+-		os=-bsd
 +	lynxos*)
 +		# don't get caught up in next wildcard
-+		;;
- 	lynx*)
- 		os=lynxos
  		;;
--	mac*)
--		os=`echo "$os" | sed -e 's|mac|macos|'`
+-	-acis*)
+-		os=-aos
++	lynx*)
++		os=lynxos
+ 		;;
+-	-atheos*)
+-		os=-atheos
 +	mac[0-9]*)
 +		os=$(echo "$os" | sed -e 's|mac|macos|')
  		;;
- 	opened*)
- 		os=openedition
-@@ -1409,10 +1398,10 @@
- 		os=os400
+-	-syllable*)
+-		os=-syllable
++	opened*)
++		os=openedition
  		;;
- 	sunos5*)
--		os=`echo "$os" | sed -e 's|sunos5|solaris2|'`
+-	-386bsd)
+-		os=-bsd
++	os400*)
++		os=os400
+ 		;;
+-	-ctix* | -uts*)
+-		os=-sysv
++	sunos5*)
 +		os=$(echo "$os" | sed -e 's|sunos5|solaris2|')
  		;;
- 	sunos6*)
--		os=`echo "$os" | sed -e 's|sunos6|solaris3|'`
+-	-nova*)
+-		os=-rtmk-nova
++	sunos6*)
 +		os=$(echo "$os" | sed -e 's|sunos6|solaris3|')
  		;;
- 	wince*)
- 		os=wince
-@@ -1444,12 +1433,9 @@
- 	ns2)
- 		os=nextstep2
+-	-ns2)
+-		os=-nextstep2
++	wince*)
++		os=wince
  		;;
--	nsk*)
--		os=nsk
--		;;
- 	# Preserve the version number of sinix5.
- 	sinix5.*)
+-	-nsk*)
+-		os=-nsk
++	utek*)
++		os=bsd
+ 		;;
+-	# Preserve the version number of sinix5.
+-	-sinix5.*)
 -		os=`echo $os | sed -e 's|sinix|sysv|'`
++	dynix*)
++		os=bsd
++		;;
++	acis*)
++		os=aos
++		;;
++	atheos*)
++		os=atheos
++		;;
++	syllable*)
++		os=syllable
++		;;
++	386bsd)
++		os=bsd
++		;;
++	ctix* | uts*)
++		os=sysv
+ 		;;
+-	-sinix*)
+-		os=-sysv4
++	nova*)
++		os=rtmk-nova
+ 		;;
+-	-tpf*)
+-		os=-tpf
++	ns2)
++		os=nextstep2
+ 		;;
+-	-triton*)
+-		os=-sysv3
++	# Preserve the version number of sinix5.
++	sinix5.*)
 +		os=$(echo $os | sed -e 's|sinix|sysv|')
  		;;
- 	sinix*)
- 		os=sysv4
-@@ -1472,18 +1458,12 @@
- 	sysvr4)
- 		os=sysv4
- 		;;
--	# This must come after sysvr4.
--	sysv*)
--		;;
- 	ose*)
- 		os=ose
- 		;;
- 	*mint | mint[0-9]* | *MiNT | MiNT[0-9]*)
- 		os=mint
- 		;;
--	zvmoe)
--		os=zvmoe
--		;;
- 	dicos*)
- 		os=dicos
- 		;;
-@@ -1500,19 +1480,11 @@
+-	-oss*)
+-		os=-sysv3
++	sinix*)
++		os=sysv4
+ 		;;
+-	-svr4*)
+-		os=-sysv4
++	tpf*)
++		os=tpf
+ 		;;
+-	-svr3)
+-		os=-sysv3
++	triton*)
++		os=sysv3
+ 		;;
+-	-sysvr4)
+-		os=-sysv4
++	oss*)
++		os=sysv3
+ 		;;
+-	# This must come after -sysvr4.
+-	-sysv*)
++	svr4*)
++		os=sysv4
+ 		;;
+-	-ose*)
+-		os=-ose
++	svr3)
++		os=sysv3
+ 		;;
+-	-*mint | -mint[0-9]* | -*MiNT | -MiNT[0-9]*)
+-		os=-mint
++	sysvr4)
++		os=sysv4
+ 		;;
+-	-zvmoe)
+-		os=-zvmoe
++	ose*)
++		os=ose
+ 		;;
+-	-dicos*)
+-		os=-dicos
++	*mint | mint[0-9]* | *MiNT | MiNT[0-9]*)
++		os=mint
+ 		;;
+-	-pikeos*)
++	dicos*)
++		os=dicos
++		;;
++	pikeos*)
+ 		# Until real need of OS specific support for
+ 		# particular features comes up, bare metal
+ 		# configurations are quite functional.
+-		case $basic_machine in
++		case $cpu in
+ 		    arm*)
+-			os=-eabi
++			os=eabi
+ 			;;
+ 		    *)
+-			os=-elf
++			os=elf
  			;;
  		esac
  		;;
--	nacl*)
+-	-nacl*)
 -		;;
--	ios)
--		;;
--	none)
+-	-ios)
 -		;;
--	*-eabi)
+-	-none)
 -		;;
  	*)
+-		# Get rid of the `-' at the beginning of $os.
+-		os=`echo $os | sed 's/[^-]*-//'`
 -		echo Invalid configuration \`"$1"\': system \`"$os"\' not recognized 1>&2
 -		exit 1
 +		# No normalization, but not necessarily accepted, that comes below.
@@ -1311,26 +2593,244 @@ aarch64/arm64/M1 can compile.
  else
  
  # Here we handle the default operating systems that come with various machines.
-@@ -1525,6 +1497,7 @@
+@@ -1543,258 +1497,356 @@
  # will signal an error saying that MANUFACTURER isn't an operating
  # system, and we'll never get to this point.
  
+-case $basic_machine in
 +kernel=
- case $cpu-$vendor in
++case $cpu-$vendor in
  	score-*)
- 		os=elf
-@@ -1536,7 +1509,8 @@
- 		os=riscix1.2
+-		os=-elf
++		os=elf
+ 		;;
+ 	spu-*)
+-		os=-elf
++		os=elf
+ 		;;
+ 	*-acorn)
+-		os=-riscix1.2
++		os=riscix1.2
  		;;
  	arm*-rebel)
--		os=linux
+-		os=-linux
 +		kernel=linux
 +		os=gnu
  		;;
  	arm*-semi)
- 		os=aout
-@@ -1702,84 +1676,173 @@
- 		os=none
+-		os=-aout
++		os=aout
+ 		;;
+ 	c4x-* | tic4x-*)
+-		os=-coff
++		os=coff
+ 		;;
+ 	c8051-*)
+-		os=-elf
++		os=elf
++		;;
++	clipper-intergraph)
++		os=clix
+ 		;;
+ 	hexagon-*)
+-		os=-elf
++		os=elf
+ 		;;
+ 	tic54x-*)
+-		os=-coff
++		os=coff
+ 		;;
+ 	tic55x-*)
+-		os=-coff
++		os=coff
+ 		;;
+ 	tic6x-*)
+-		os=-coff
++		os=coff
+ 		;;
+ 	# This must come before the *-dec entry.
+ 	pdp10-*)
+-		os=-tops20
++		os=tops20
+ 		;;
+ 	pdp11-*)
+-		os=-none
++		os=none
+ 		;;
+ 	*-dec | vax-*)
+-		os=-ultrix4.2
++		os=ultrix4.2
+ 		;;
+ 	m68*-apollo)
+-		os=-domain
++		os=domain
+ 		;;
+ 	i386-sun)
+-		os=-sunos4.0.2
++		os=sunos4.0.2
+ 		;;
+ 	m68000-sun)
+-		os=-sunos3
++		os=sunos3
+ 		;;
+ 	m68*-cisco)
+-		os=-aout
++		os=aout
+ 		;;
+ 	mep-*)
+-		os=-elf
++		os=elf
+ 		;;
+ 	mips*-cisco)
+-		os=-elf
++		os=elf
+ 		;;
+ 	mips*-*)
+-		os=-elf
++		os=elf
+ 		;;
+ 	or32-*)
+-		os=-coff
++		os=coff
+ 		;;
+ 	*-tti)	# must be before sparc entry or we get the wrong os.
+-		os=-sysv3
++		os=sysv3
+ 		;;
+ 	sparc-* | *-sun)
+-		os=-sunos4.1.1
++		os=sunos4.1.1
+ 		;;
+ 	pru-*)
+-		os=-elf
++		os=elf
+ 		;;
+ 	*-be)
+-		os=-beos
++		os=beos
+ 		;;
+ 	*-ibm)
+-		os=-aix
++		os=aix
+ 		;;
+ 	*-knuth)
+-		os=-mmixware
++		os=mmixware
+ 		;;
+ 	*-wec)
+-		os=-proelf
++		os=proelf
+ 		;;
+ 	*-winbond)
+-		os=-proelf
++		os=proelf
+ 		;;
+ 	*-oki)
+-		os=-proelf
++		os=proelf
+ 		;;
+ 	*-hp)
+-		os=-hpux
++		os=hpux
+ 		;;
+ 	*-hitachi)
+-		os=-hiux
++		os=hiux
+ 		;;
+ 	i860-* | *-att | *-ncr | *-altos | *-motorola | *-convergent)
+-		os=-sysv
++		os=sysv
+ 		;;
+ 	*-cbm)
+-		os=-amigaos
++		os=amigaos
+ 		;;
+ 	*-dg)
+-		os=-dgux
++		os=dgux
+ 		;;
+ 	*-dolphin)
+-		os=-sysv3
++		os=sysv3
+ 		;;
+ 	m68k-ccur)
+-		os=-rtu
++		os=rtu
+ 		;;
+ 	m88k-omron*)
+-		os=-luna
++		os=luna
+ 		;;
+ 	*-next)
+-		os=-nextstep
++		os=nextstep
+ 		;;
+ 	*-sequent)
+-		os=-ptx
++		os=ptx
+ 		;;
+ 	*-crds)
+-		os=-unos
++		os=unos
+ 		;;
+ 	*-ns)
+-		os=-genix
++		os=genix
+ 		;;
+ 	i370-*)
+-		os=-mvs
++		os=mvs
+ 		;;
+ 	*-gould)
+-		os=-sysv
++		os=sysv
+ 		;;
+ 	*-highlevel)
+-		os=-bsd
++		os=bsd
+ 		;;
+ 	*-encore)
+-		os=-bsd
++		os=bsd
+ 		;;
+ 	*-sgi)
+-		os=-irix
++		os=irix
+ 		;;
+ 	*-siemens)
+-		os=-sysv4
++		os=sysv4
+ 		;;
+ 	*-masscomp)
+-		os=-rtu
++		os=rtu
+ 		;;
+ 	f30[01]-fujitsu | f700-fujitsu)
+-		os=-uxpv
++		os=uxpv
+ 		;;
+ 	*-rom68k)
+-		os=-coff
++		os=coff
+ 		;;
+ 	*-*bug)
+-		os=-coff
++		os=coff
+ 		;;
+ 	*-apple)
+-		os=-macos
++		os=macos
+ 		;;
+ 	*-atari*)
+-		os=-mint
++		os=mint
++		;;
++	*-wrs)
++		os=vxworks
+ 		;;
+ 	*)
+-		os=-none
++		os=none
  		;;
  esac
 +
@@ -1423,1089 +2923,115 @@ aarch64/arm64/M1 can compile.
 +
  # Here we handle the case where we know the os, and the CPU type, but not the
  # manufacturer.  We pick the logical manufacturer.
- case $vendor in
- 	unknown)
+-vendor=unknown
+-case $basic_machine in
+-	*-unknown)
 -		case $os in
--			riscix*)
+-			-riscix*)
++case $vendor in
++	unknown)
 +		case $cpu-$os in
 +			*-riscix*)
  				vendor=acorn
  				;;
--			sunos*)
+-			-sunos*)
 +			*-sunos*)
  				vendor=sun
  				;;
--			cnk*|-aix*)
+-			-cnk*|-aix*)
 +			*-cnk* | *-aix*)
  				vendor=ibm
  				;;
--			beos*)
+-			-beos*)
 +			*-beos*)
  				vendor=be
  				;;
--			hpux*)
+-			-hpux*)
 +			*-hpux*)
  				vendor=hp
  				;;
--			mpeix*)
+-			-mpeix*)
 +			*-mpeix*)
  				vendor=hp
  				;;
--			hiux*)
+-			-hiux*)
 +			*-hiux*)
  				vendor=hitachi
  				;;
--			unos*)
+-			-unos*)
 +			*-unos*)
  				vendor=crds
  				;;
--			dgux*)
+-			-dgux*)
 +			*-dgux*)
  				vendor=dg
  				;;
--			luna*)
+-			-luna*)
 +			*-luna*)
  				vendor=omron
  				;;
--			genix*)
+-			-genix*)
 +			*-genix*)
  				vendor=ns
  				;;
--			clix*)
+-			-mvs* | -opened*)
 +			*-clix*)
- 				vendor=intergraph
- 				;;
--			mvs* | opened*)
++				vendor=intergraph
++				;;
 +			*-mvs* | *-opened*)
 +				vendor=ibm
 +				;;
 +			*-os400*)
  				vendor=ibm
  				;;
--			os400*)
+-			-os400*)
 +			s390-* | s390x-*)
  				vendor=ibm
  				;;
--			ptx*)
+-			-ptx*)
 +			*-ptx*)
  				vendor=sequent
  				;;
--			tpf*)
+-			-tpf*)
 +			*-tpf*)
  				vendor=ibm
  				;;
--			vxsim* | vxworks* | windiss*)
+-			-vxsim* | -vxworks* | -windiss*)
 +			*-vxsim* | *-vxworks* | *-windiss*)
  				vendor=wrs
  				;;
--			aux*)
+-			-aux*)
 +			*-aux*)
  				vendor=apple
  				;;
--			hms*)
+-			-hms*)
 +			*-hms*)
  				vendor=hitachi
  				;;
--			mpw* | macos*)
+-			-mpw* | -macos*)
 +			*-mpw* | *-macos*)
  				vendor=apple
  				;;
--			*mint | mint[0-9]* | *MiNT | MiNT[0-9]*)
+-			-*mint | -mint[0-9]* | -*MiNT | -MiNT[0-9]*)
 +			*-*mint | *-mint[0-9]* | *-*MiNT | *-MiNT[0-9]*)
  				vendor=atari
  				;;
--			vos*)
+-			-vos*)
 +			*-vos*)
  				vendor=stratus
  				;;
  		esac
+-		basic_machine=`echo "$basic_machine" | sed "s/unknown/$vendor/"`
  		;;
  esac
  
--echo "$cpu-$vendor-$os"
+-echo "$basic_machine$os"
 +echo "$cpu-$vendor-${kernel:+$kernel-}$os"
  exit
  
  # Local variables:
---- a/config.guess
-+++ b/config.guess
-@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
- #! /bin/sh
- # Attempt to guess a canonical system name.
--#   Copyright 1992-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-+#   Copyright 1992-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
- 
--timestamp='2018-08-29'
-+timestamp='2020-11-07'
- 
- # This file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- # under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
- # Please send patches to <config-patches@gnu.org>.
- 
- 
--me=`echo "$0" | sed -e 's,.*/,,'`
-+me=$(echo "$0" | sed -e 's,.*/,,')
- 
- usage="\
- Usage: $0 [OPTION]
-@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
- GNU config.guess ($timestamp)
- 
- Originally written by Per Bothner.
--Copyright 1992-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-+Copyright 1992-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
- 
- This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
- warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE."
-@@ -96,13 +96,14 @@
- 
- tmp=
- # shellcheck disable=SC2172
--trap 'test -z "$tmp" || rm -fr "$tmp"' 1 2 13 15
--trap 'exitcode=$?; test -z "$tmp" || rm -fr "$tmp"; exit $exitcode' 0
-+trap 'test -z "$tmp" || rm -fr "$tmp"' 0 1 2 13 15
- 
- set_cc_for_build() {
-+    # prevent multiple calls if $tmp is already set
-+    test "$tmp" && return 0
-     : "${TMPDIR=/tmp}"
-     # shellcheck disable=SC2039
--    { tmp=`(umask 077 && mktemp -d "$TMPDIR/cgXXXXXX") 2>/dev/null` && test -n "$tmp" && test -d "$tmp" ; } ||
-+    { tmp=$( (umask 077 && mktemp -d "$TMPDIR/cgXXXXXX") 2>/dev/null) && test -n "$tmp" && test -d "$tmp" ; } ||
- 	{ test -n "$RANDOM" && tmp=$TMPDIR/cg$$-$RANDOM && (umask 077 && mkdir "$tmp" 2>/dev/null) ; } ||
- 	{ tmp=$TMPDIR/cg-$$ && (umask 077 && mkdir "$tmp" 2>/dev/null) && echo "Warning: creating insecure temp directory" >&2 ; } ||
- 	{ echo "$me: cannot create a temporary directory in $TMPDIR" >&2 ; exit 1 ; }
-@@ -130,10 +131,10 @@
- 	PATH=$PATH:/.attbin ; export PATH
- fi
- 
--UNAME_MACHINE=`(uname -m) 2>/dev/null` || UNAME_MACHINE=unknown
--UNAME_RELEASE=`(uname -r) 2>/dev/null` || UNAME_RELEASE=unknown
--UNAME_SYSTEM=`(uname -s) 2>/dev/null`  || UNAME_SYSTEM=unknown
--UNAME_VERSION=`(uname -v) 2>/dev/null` || UNAME_VERSION=unknown
-+UNAME_MACHINE=$( (uname -m) 2>/dev/null) || UNAME_MACHINE=unknown
-+UNAME_RELEASE=$( (uname -r) 2>/dev/null) || UNAME_RELEASE=unknown
-+UNAME_SYSTEM=$( (uname -s) 2>/dev/null) || UNAME_SYSTEM=unknown
-+UNAME_VERSION=$( (uname -v) 2>/dev/null) || UNAME_VERSION=unknown
- 
- case "$UNAME_SYSTEM" in
- Linux|GNU|GNU/*)
-@@ -149,17 +150,15 @@
- 	#elif defined(__dietlibc__)
- 	LIBC=dietlibc
- 	#else
-+	#include <stdarg.h>
-+	#ifdef __DEFINED_va_list
-+	LIBC=musl
-+	#else
- 	LIBC=gnu
- 	#endif
-+	#endif
- 	EOF
--	eval "`$CC_FOR_BUILD -E "$dummy.c" 2>/dev/null | grep '^LIBC' | sed 's, ,,g'`"
--
--	# If ldd exists, use it to detect musl libc.
--	if command -v ldd >/dev/null && \
--		ldd --version 2>&1 | grep -q ^musl
--	then
--	    LIBC=musl
--	fi
-+	eval "$($CC_FOR_BUILD -E "$dummy.c" 2>/dev/null | grep '^LIBC' | sed 's, ,,g')"
- 	;;
- esac
- 
-@@ -178,19 +177,20 @@
- 	# Note: NetBSD doesn't particularly care about the vendor
- 	# portion of the name.  We always set it to "unknown".
- 	sysctl="sysctl -n hw.machine_arch"
--	UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH=`(uname -p 2>/dev/null || \
-+	UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH=$( (uname -p 2>/dev/null || \
- 	    "/sbin/$sysctl" 2>/dev/null || \
- 	    "/usr/sbin/$sysctl" 2>/dev/null || \
--	    echo unknown)`
-+	    echo unknown))
- 	case "$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH" in
-+	    aarch64eb) machine=aarch64_be-unknown ;;
- 	    armeb) machine=armeb-unknown ;;
- 	    arm*) machine=arm-unknown ;;
- 	    sh3el) machine=shl-unknown ;;
- 	    sh3eb) machine=sh-unknown ;;
- 	    sh5el) machine=sh5le-unknown ;;
- 	    earmv*)
--		arch=`echo "$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH" | sed -e 's,^e\(armv[0-9]\).*$,\1,'`
--		endian=`echo "$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH" | sed -ne 's,^.*\(eb\)$,\1,p'`
-+		arch=$(echo "$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH" | sed -e 's,^e\(armv[0-9]\).*$,\1,')
-+		endian=$(echo "$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH" | sed -ne 's,^.*\(eb\)$,\1,p')
- 		machine="${arch}${endian}"-unknown
- 		;;
- 	    *) machine="$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH"-unknown ;;
-@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@
- 	case "$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH" in
- 	    earm*)
- 		expr='s/^earmv[0-9]/-eabi/;s/eb$//'
--		abi=`echo "$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH" | sed -e "$expr"`
-+		abi=$(echo "$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH" | sed -e "$expr")
- 		;;
- 	esac
- 	# The OS release
-@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@
- 		release='-gnu'
- 		;;
- 	    *)
--		release=`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/[-_].*//' | cut -d. -f1,2`
-+		release=$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/[-_].*//' | cut -d. -f1,2)
- 		;;
- 	esac
- 	# Since CPU_TYPE-MANUFACTURER-KERNEL-OPERATING_SYSTEM:
-@@ -243,15 +243,15 @@
- 	echo "$machine-${os}${release}${abi-}"
- 	exit ;;
-     *:Bitrig:*:*)
--	UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH=`arch | sed 's/Bitrig.//'`
-+	UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH=$(arch | sed 's/Bitrig.//')
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH"-unknown-bitrig"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-     *:OpenBSD:*:*)
--	UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH=`arch | sed 's/OpenBSD.//'`
-+	UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH=$(arch | sed 's/OpenBSD.//')
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH"-unknown-openbsd"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-     *:LibertyBSD:*:*)
--	UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH=`arch | sed 's/^.*BSD\.//'`
-+	UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH=$(arch | sed 's/^.*BSD\.//')
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE_ARCH"-unknown-libertybsd"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-     *:MidnightBSD:*:*)
-@@ -263,6 +263,9 @@
-     *:SolidBSD:*:*)
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-solidbsd"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-+    *:OS108:*:*)
-+	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-os108_"$UNAME_RELEASE"
-+	exit ;;
-     macppc:MirBSD:*:*)
- 	echo powerpc-unknown-mirbsd"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-@@ -272,26 +275,29 @@
-     *:Sortix:*:*)
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-sortix
- 	exit ;;
-+    *:Twizzler:*:*)
-+	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-twizzler
-+	exit ;;
-     *:Redox:*:*)
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-redox
- 	exit ;;
-     mips:OSF1:*.*)
--        echo mips-dec-osf1
--        exit ;;
-+	echo mips-dec-osf1
-+	exit ;;
-     alpha:OSF1:*:*)
- 	case $UNAME_RELEASE in
- 	*4.0)
--		UNAME_RELEASE=`/usr/sbin/sizer -v | awk '{print $3}'`
-+		UNAME_RELEASE=$(/usr/sbin/sizer -v | awk '{print $3}')
- 		;;
- 	*5.*)
--		UNAME_RELEASE=`/usr/sbin/sizer -v | awk '{print $4}'`
-+		UNAME_RELEASE=$(/usr/sbin/sizer -v | awk '{print $4}')
- 		;;
- 	esac
- 	# According to Compaq, /usr/sbin/psrinfo has been available on
- 	# OSF/1 and Tru64 systems produced since 1995.  I hope that
- 	# covers most systems running today.  This code pipes the CPU
- 	# types through head -n 1, so we only detect the type of CPU 0.
--	ALPHA_CPU_TYPE=`/usr/sbin/psrinfo -v | sed -n -e 's/^  The alpha \(.*\) processor.*$/\1/p' | head -n 1`
-+	ALPHA_CPU_TYPE=$(/usr/sbin/psrinfo -v | sed -n -e 's/^  The alpha \(.*\) processor.*$/\1/p' | head -n 1)
- 	case "$ALPHA_CPU_TYPE" in
- 	    "EV4 (21064)")
- 		UNAME_MACHINE=alpha ;;
-@@ -329,7 +335,7 @@
- 	# A Tn.n version is a released field test version.
- 	# A Xn.n version is an unreleased experimental baselevel.
- 	# 1.2 uses "1.2" for uname -r.
--	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-dec-osf"`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/^[PVTX]//' | tr ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz`"
-+	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-dec-osf"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/^[PVTX]//' | tr ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz)"
- 	# Reset EXIT trap before exiting to avoid spurious non-zero exit code.
- 	exitcode=$?
- 	trap '' 0
-@@ -363,7 +369,7 @@
- 	exit ;;
-     Pyramid*:OSx*:*:* | MIS*:OSx*:*:* | MIS*:SMP_DC-OSx*:*:*)
- 	# akee@wpdis03.wpafb.af.mil (Earle F. Ake) contributed MIS and NILE.
--	if test "`(/bin/universe) 2>/dev/null`" = att ; then
-+	if test "$( (/bin/universe) 2>/dev/null)" = att ; then
- 		echo pyramid-pyramid-sysv3
- 	else
- 		echo pyramid-pyramid-bsd
-@@ -376,54 +382,59 @@
- 	echo sparc-icl-nx6
- 	exit ;;
-     DRS?6000:UNIX_SV:4.2*:7* | DRS?6000:isis:4.2*:7*)
--	case `/usr/bin/uname -p` in
-+	case $(/usr/bin/uname -p) in
- 	    sparc) echo sparc-icl-nx7; exit ;;
- 	esac ;;
-     s390x:SunOS:*:*)
--	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-ibm-solaris2"`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/[^.]*//'`"
-+	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-ibm-solaris2"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/[^.]*//')"
- 	exit ;;
-     sun4H:SunOS:5.*:*)
--	echo sparc-hal-solaris2"`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[^.]*//'`"
-+	echo sparc-hal-solaris2"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[^.]*//')"
- 	exit ;;
-     sun4*:SunOS:5.*:* | tadpole*:SunOS:5.*:*)
--	echo sparc-sun-solaris2"`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/[^.]*//'`"
-+	echo sparc-sun-solaris2"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/[^.]*//')"
- 	exit ;;
-     i86pc:AuroraUX:5.*:* | i86xen:AuroraUX:5.*:*)
- 	echo i386-pc-auroraux"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-     i86pc:SunOS:5.*:* | i86xen:SunOS:5.*:*)
--	UNAME_REL="`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/[^.]*//'`"
--	case `isainfo -b` in
--	    32)
--		echo i386-pc-solaris2"$UNAME_REL"
--		;;
--	    64)
--		echo x86_64-pc-solaris2"$UNAME_REL"
--		;;
--	esac
-+	set_cc_for_build
-+	SUN_ARCH=i386
-+	# If there is a compiler, see if it is configured for 64-bit objects.
-+	# Note that the Sun cc does not turn __LP64__ into 1 like gcc does.
-+	# This test works for both compilers.
-+	if test "$CC_FOR_BUILD" != no_compiler_found; then
-+	    if (echo '#ifdef __amd64'; echo IS_64BIT_ARCH; echo '#endif') | \
-+		(CCOPTS="" $CC_FOR_BUILD -E - 2>/dev/null) | \
-+		grep IS_64BIT_ARCH >/dev/null
-+	    then
-+		SUN_ARCH=x86_64
-+	    fi
-+	fi
-+	echo "$SUN_ARCH"-pc-solaris2"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[^.]*//')"
- 	exit ;;
-     sun4*:SunOS:6*:*)
- 	# According to config.sub, this is the proper way to canonicalize
- 	# SunOS6.  Hard to guess exactly what SunOS6 will be like, but
- 	# it's likely to be more like Solaris than SunOS4.
--	echo sparc-sun-solaris3"`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[^.]*//'`"
-+	echo sparc-sun-solaris3"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[^.]*//')"
- 	exit ;;
-     sun4*:SunOS:*:*)
--	case "`/usr/bin/arch -k`" in
-+	case "$(/usr/bin/arch -k)" in
- 	    Series*|S4*)
--		UNAME_RELEASE=`uname -v`
-+		UNAME_RELEASE=$(uname -v)
- 		;;
- 	esac
- 	# Japanese Language versions have a version number like `4.1.3-JL'.
--	echo sparc-sun-sunos"`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/-/_/'`"
-+	echo sparc-sun-sunos"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/-/_/')"
- 	exit ;;
-     sun3*:SunOS:*:*)
- 	echo m68k-sun-sunos"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-     sun*:*:4.2BSD:*)
--	UNAME_RELEASE=`(sed 1q /etc/motd | awk '{print substr($5,1,3)}') 2>/dev/null`
-+	UNAME_RELEASE=$( (sed 1q /etc/motd | awk '{print substr($5,1,3)}') 2>/dev/null)
- 	test "x$UNAME_RELEASE" = x && UNAME_RELEASE=3
--	case "`/bin/arch`" in
-+	case "$(/bin/arch)" in
- 	    sun3)
- 		echo m68k-sun-sunos"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 		;;
-@@ -503,8 +514,8 @@
- 	}
- EOF
- 	$CC_FOR_BUILD -o "$dummy" "$dummy.c" &&
--	  dummyarg=`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -n 's/\([0-9]*\).*/\1/p'` &&
--	  SYSTEM_NAME=`"$dummy" "$dummyarg"` &&
-+	  dummyarg=$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -n 's/\([0-9]*\).*/\1/p') &&
-+	  SYSTEM_NAME=$("$dummy" "$dummyarg") &&
- 	    { echo "$SYSTEM_NAME"; exit; }
- 	echo mips-mips-riscos"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-@@ -531,11 +542,11 @@
- 	exit ;;
-     AViiON:dgux:*:*)
- 	# DG/UX returns AViiON for all architectures
--	UNAME_PROCESSOR=`/usr/bin/uname -p`
--	if [ "$UNAME_PROCESSOR" = mc88100 ] || [ "$UNAME_PROCESSOR" = mc88110 ]
-+	UNAME_PROCESSOR=$(/usr/bin/uname -p)
-+	if test "$UNAME_PROCESSOR" = mc88100 || test "$UNAME_PROCESSOR" = mc88110
- 	then
--	    if [ "$TARGET_BINARY_INTERFACE"x = m88kdguxelfx ] || \
--	       [ "$TARGET_BINARY_INTERFACE"x = x ]
-+	    if test "$TARGET_BINARY_INTERFACE"x = m88kdguxelfx || \
-+	       test "$TARGET_BINARY_INTERFACE"x = x
- 	    then
- 		echo m88k-dg-dgux"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	    else
-@@ -559,17 +570,17 @@
- 	echo m68k-tektronix-bsd
- 	exit ;;
-     *:IRIX*:*:*)
--	echo mips-sgi-irix"`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/-/_/g'`"
-+	echo mips-sgi-irix"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/-/_/g')"
- 	exit ;;
-     ????????:AIX?:[12].1:2)   # AIX 2.2.1 or AIX 2.1.1 is RT/PC AIX.
- 	echo romp-ibm-aix     # uname -m gives an 8 hex-code CPU id
--	exit ;;               # Note that: echo "'`uname -s`'" gives 'AIX '
-+	exit ;;               # Note that: echo "'$(uname -s)'" gives 'AIX '
-     i*86:AIX:*:*)
- 	echo i386-ibm-aix
- 	exit ;;
-     ia64:AIX:*:*)
--	if [ -x /usr/bin/oslevel ] ; then
--		IBM_REV=`/usr/bin/oslevel`
-+	if test -x /usr/bin/oslevel ; then
-+		IBM_REV=$(/usr/bin/oslevel)
- 	else
- 		IBM_REV="$UNAME_VERSION.$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	fi
-@@ -589,7 +600,7 @@
- 			exit(0);
- 			}
- EOF
--		if $CC_FOR_BUILD -o "$dummy" "$dummy.c" && SYSTEM_NAME=`"$dummy"`
-+		if $CC_FOR_BUILD -o "$dummy" "$dummy.c" && SYSTEM_NAME=$("$dummy")
- 		then
- 			echo "$SYSTEM_NAME"
- 		else
-@@ -602,15 +613,15 @@
- 	fi
- 	exit ;;
-     *:AIX:*:[4567])
--	IBM_CPU_ID=`/usr/sbin/lsdev -C -c processor -S available | sed 1q | awk '{ print $1 }'`
-+	IBM_CPU_ID=$(/usr/sbin/lsdev -C -c processor -S available | sed 1q | awk '{ print $1 }')
- 	if /usr/sbin/lsattr -El "$IBM_CPU_ID" | grep ' POWER' >/dev/null 2>&1; then
- 		IBM_ARCH=rs6000
- 	else
- 		IBM_ARCH=powerpc
- 	fi
--	if [ -x /usr/bin/lslpp ] ; then
--		IBM_REV=`/usr/bin/lslpp -Lqc bos.rte.libc |
--			   awk -F: '{ print $3 }' | sed s/[0-9]*$/0/`
-+	if test -x /usr/bin/lslpp ; then
-+		IBM_REV=$(/usr/bin/lslpp -Lqc bos.rte.libc |
-+			   awk -F: '{ print $3 }' | sed s/[0-9]*$/0/)
- 	else
- 		IBM_REV="$UNAME_VERSION.$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	fi
-@@ -638,14 +649,14 @@
- 	echo m68k-hp-bsd4.4
- 	exit ;;
-     9000/[34678]??:HP-UX:*:*)
--	HPUX_REV=`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[^.]*.[0B]*//'`
-+	HPUX_REV=$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[^.]*.[0B]*//')
- 	case "$UNAME_MACHINE" in
- 	    9000/31?)            HP_ARCH=m68000 ;;
- 	    9000/[34]??)         HP_ARCH=m68k ;;
- 	    9000/[678][0-9][0-9])
--		if [ -x /usr/bin/getconf ]; then
--		    sc_cpu_version=`/usr/bin/getconf SC_CPU_VERSION 2>/dev/null`
--		    sc_kernel_bits=`/usr/bin/getconf SC_KERNEL_BITS 2>/dev/null`
-+		if test -x /usr/bin/getconf; then
-+		    sc_cpu_version=$(/usr/bin/getconf SC_CPU_VERSION 2>/dev/null)
-+		    sc_kernel_bits=$(/usr/bin/getconf SC_KERNEL_BITS 2>/dev/null)
- 		    case "$sc_cpu_version" in
- 		      523) HP_ARCH=hppa1.0 ;; # CPU_PA_RISC1_0
- 		      528) HP_ARCH=hppa1.1 ;; # CPU_PA_RISC1_1
-@@ -657,7 +668,7 @@
- 			esac ;;
- 		    esac
- 		fi
--		if [ "$HP_ARCH" = "" ]; then
-+		if test "$HP_ARCH" = ""; then
- 		    set_cc_for_build
- 		    sed 's/^		//' << EOF > "$dummy.c"
- 
-@@ -692,11 +703,11 @@
- 		    exit (0);
- 		}
- EOF
--		    (CCOPTS="" $CC_FOR_BUILD -o "$dummy" "$dummy.c" 2>/dev/null) && HP_ARCH=`"$dummy"`
-+		    (CCOPTS="" $CC_FOR_BUILD -o "$dummy" "$dummy.c" 2>/dev/null) && HP_ARCH=$("$dummy")
- 		    test -z "$HP_ARCH" && HP_ARCH=hppa
- 		fi ;;
- 	esac
--	if [ "$HP_ARCH" = hppa2.0w ]
-+	if test "$HP_ARCH" = hppa2.0w
- 	then
- 	    set_cc_for_build
- 
-@@ -720,7 +731,7 @@
- 	echo "$HP_ARCH"-hp-hpux"$HPUX_REV"
- 	exit ;;
-     ia64:HP-UX:*:*)
--	HPUX_REV=`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[^.]*.[0B]*//'`
-+	HPUX_REV=$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[^.]*.[0B]*//')
- 	echo ia64-hp-hpux"$HPUX_REV"
- 	exit ;;
-     3050*:HI-UX:*:*)
-@@ -750,7 +761,7 @@
- 	  exit (0);
- 	}
- EOF
--	$CC_FOR_BUILD -o "$dummy" "$dummy.c" && SYSTEM_NAME=`"$dummy"` &&
-+	$CC_FOR_BUILD -o "$dummy" "$dummy.c" && SYSTEM_NAME=$("$dummy") &&
- 		{ echo "$SYSTEM_NAME"; exit; }
- 	echo unknown-hitachi-hiuxwe2
- 	exit ;;
-@@ -770,7 +781,7 @@
- 	echo hppa1.0-hp-osf
- 	exit ;;
-     i*86:OSF1:*:*)
--	if [ -x /usr/sbin/sysversion ] ; then
-+	if test -x /usr/sbin/sysversion ; then
- 	    echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-osf1mk
- 	else
- 	    echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-osf1
-@@ -819,14 +830,14 @@
- 	echo craynv-cray-unicosmp"$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/\.[^.]*$/.X/'
- 	exit ;;
-     F30[01]:UNIX_System_V:*:* | F700:UNIX_System_V:*:*)
--	FUJITSU_PROC=`uname -m | tr ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz`
--	FUJITSU_SYS=`uname -p | tr ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz | sed -e 's/\///'`
--	FUJITSU_REL=`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/ /_/'`
-+	FUJITSU_PROC=$(uname -m | tr ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz)
-+	FUJITSU_SYS=$(uname -p | tr ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz | sed -e 's/\///')
-+	FUJITSU_REL=$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/ /_/')
- 	echo "${FUJITSU_PROC}-fujitsu-${FUJITSU_SYS}${FUJITSU_REL}"
- 	exit ;;
-     5000:UNIX_System_V:4.*:*)
--	FUJITSU_SYS=`uname -p | tr ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz | sed -e 's/\///'`
--	FUJITSU_REL=`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | tr ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz | sed -e 's/ /_/'`
-+	FUJITSU_SYS=$(uname -p | tr ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz | sed -e 's/\///')
-+	FUJITSU_REL=$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | tr ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz | sed -e 's/ /_/')
- 	echo "sparc-fujitsu-${FUJITSU_SYS}${FUJITSU_REL}"
- 	exit ;;
-     i*86:BSD/386:*:* | i*86:BSD/OS:*:* | *:Ascend\ Embedded/OS:*:*)
-@@ -839,25 +850,25 @@
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-bsdi"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-     arm:FreeBSD:*:*)
--	UNAME_PROCESSOR=`uname -p`
-+	UNAME_PROCESSOR=$(uname -p)
- 	set_cc_for_build
- 	if echo __ARM_PCS_VFP | $CC_FOR_BUILD -E - 2>/dev/null \
- 	    | grep -q __ARM_PCS_VFP
- 	then
--	    echo "${UNAME_PROCESSOR}"-unknown-freebsd"`echo ${UNAME_RELEASE}|sed -e 's/[-(].*//'`"-gnueabi
-+	    echo "${UNAME_PROCESSOR}"-unknown-freebsd"$(echo ${UNAME_RELEASE}|sed -e 's/[-(].*//')"-gnueabi
- 	else
--	    echo "${UNAME_PROCESSOR}"-unknown-freebsd"`echo ${UNAME_RELEASE}|sed -e 's/[-(].*//'`"-gnueabihf
-+	    echo "${UNAME_PROCESSOR}"-unknown-freebsd"$(echo ${UNAME_RELEASE}|sed -e 's/[-(].*//')"-gnueabihf
- 	fi
- 	exit ;;
-     *:FreeBSD:*:*)
--	UNAME_PROCESSOR=`/usr/bin/uname -p`
-+	UNAME_PROCESSOR=$(/usr/bin/uname -p)
- 	case "$UNAME_PROCESSOR" in
- 	    amd64)
- 		UNAME_PROCESSOR=x86_64 ;;
- 	    i386)
- 		UNAME_PROCESSOR=i586 ;;
- 	esac
--	echo "$UNAME_PROCESSOR"-unknown-freebsd"`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[-(].*//'`"
-+	echo "$UNAME_PROCESSOR"-unknown-freebsd"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[-(].*//')"
- 	exit ;;
-     i*:CYGWIN*:*)
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-pc-cygwin
-@@ -890,18 +901,18 @@
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-pc-uwin
- 	exit ;;
-     amd64:CYGWIN*:*:* | x86_64:CYGWIN*:*:*)
--	echo x86_64-unknown-cygwin
-+	echo x86_64-pc-cygwin
- 	exit ;;
-     prep*:SunOS:5.*:*)
--	echo powerpcle-unknown-solaris2"`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[^.]*//'`"
-+	echo powerpcle-unknown-solaris2"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[^.]*//')"
- 	exit ;;
-     *:GNU:*:*)
- 	# the GNU system
--	echo "`echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"|sed -e 's,[-/].*$,,'`-unknown-$LIBC`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's,/.*$,,'`"
-+	echo "$(echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"|sed -e 's,[-/].*$,,')-unknown-$LIBC$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's,/.*$,,')"
- 	exit ;;
-     *:GNU/*:*:*)
- 	# other systems with GNU libc and userland
--	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE-unknown-`echo "$UNAME_SYSTEM" | sed 's,^[^/]*/,,' | tr "[:upper:]" "[:lower:]"``echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[-(].*//'`-$LIBC"
-+	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE-unknown-$(echo "$UNAME_SYSTEM" | sed 's,^[^/]*/,,' | tr "[:upper:]" "[:lower:]")$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[-(].*//')-$LIBC"
- 	exit ;;
-     *:Minix:*:*)
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-minix
-@@ -914,7 +925,7 @@
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-linux-"$LIBC"
- 	exit ;;
-     alpha:Linux:*:*)
--	case `sed -n '/^cpu model/s/^.*: \(.*\)/\1/p' < /proc/cpuinfo` in
-+	case $(sed -n '/^cpu model/s/^.*: \(.*\)/\1/p' /proc/cpuinfo 2>/dev/null) in
- 	  EV5)   UNAME_MACHINE=alphaev5 ;;
- 	  EV56)  UNAME_MACHINE=alphaev56 ;;
- 	  PCA56) UNAME_MACHINE=alphapca56 ;;
-@@ -981,22 +992,50 @@
- 	exit ;;
-     mips:Linux:*:* | mips64:Linux:*:*)
- 	set_cc_for_build
-+	IS_GLIBC=0
-+	test x"${LIBC}" = xgnu && IS_GLIBC=1
- 	sed 's/^	//' << EOF > "$dummy.c"
- 	#undef CPU
--	#undef ${UNAME_MACHINE}
--	#undef ${UNAME_MACHINE}el
-+	#undef mips
-+	#undef mipsel
-+	#undef mips64
-+	#undef mips64el
-+	#if ${IS_GLIBC} && defined(_ABI64)
-+	LIBCABI=gnuabi64
-+	#else
-+	#if ${IS_GLIBC} && defined(_ABIN32)
-+	LIBCABI=gnuabin32
-+	#else
-+	LIBCABI=${LIBC}
-+	#endif
-+	#endif
-+
-+	#if ${IS_GLIBC} && defined(__mips64) && defined(__mips_isa_rev) && __mips_isa_rev>=6
-+	CPU=mipsisa64r6
-+	#else
-+	#if ${IS_GLIBC} && !defined(__mips64) && defined(__mips_isa_rev) && __mips_isa_rev>=6
-+	CPU=mipsisa32r6
-+	#else
-+	#if defined(__mips64)
-+	CPU=mips64
-+	#else
-+	CPU=mips
-+	#endif
-+	#endif
-+	#endif
-+
- 	#if defined(__MIPSEL__) || defined(__MIPSEL) || defined(_MIPSEL) || defined(MIPSEL)
--	CPU=${UNAME_MACHINE}el
-+	MIPS_ENDIAN=el
- 	#else
- 	#if defined(__MIPSEB__) || defined(__MIPSEB) || defined(_MIPSEB) || defined(MIPSEB)
--	CPU=${UNAME_MACHINE}
-+	MIPS_ENDIAN=
- 	#else
--	CPU=
-+	MIPS_ENDIAN=
- 	#endif
- 	#endif
- EOF
--	eval "`$CC_FOR_BUILD -E "$dummy.c" 2>/dev/null | grep '^CPU'`"
--	test "x$CPU" != x && { echo "$CPU-unknown-linux-$LIBC"; exit; }
-+	eval "$($CC_FOR_BUILD -E "$dummy.c" 2>/dev/null | grep '^CPU\|^MIPS_ENDIAN\|^LIBCABI')"
-+	test "x$CPU" != x && { echo "$CPU${MIPS_ENDIAN}-unknown-linux-$LIBCABI"; exit; }
- 	;;
-     mips64el:Linux:*:*)
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-linux-"$LIBC"
-@@ -1015,7 +1054,7 @@
- 	exit ;;
-     parisc:Linux:*:* | hppa:Linux:*:*)
- 	# Look for CPU level
--	case `grep '^cpu[^a-z]*:' /proc/cpuinfo 2>/dev/null | cut -d' ' -f2` in
-+	case $(grep '^cpu[^a-z]*:' /proc/cpuinfo 2>/dev/null | cut -d' ' -f2) in
- 	  PA7*) echo hppa1.1-unknown-linux-"$LIBC" ;;
- 	  PA8*) echo hppa2.0-unknown-linux-"$LIBC" ;;
- 	  *)    echo hppa-unknown-linux-"$LIBC" ;;
-@@ -1055,7 +1094,17 @@
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-dec-linux-"$LIBC"
- 	exit ;;
-     x86_64:Linux:*:*)
--	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-pc-linux-"$LIBC"
-+	set_cc_for_build
-+	LIBCABI=$LIBC
-+	if test "$CC_FOR_BUILD" != no_compiler_found; then
-+	    if (echo '#ifdef __ILP32__'; echo IS_X32; echo '#endif') | \
-+		(CCOPTS="" $CC_FOR_BUILD -E - 2>/dev/null) | \
-+		grep IS_X32 >/dev/null
-+	    then
-+		LIBCABI="$LIBC"x32
-+	    fi
-+	fi
-+	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-pc-linux-"$LIBCABI"
- 	exit ;;
-     xtensa*:Linux:*:*)
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-linux-"$LIBC"
-@@ -1095,7 +1144,7 @@
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-pc-msdosdjgpp
- 	exit ;;
-     i*86:*:4.*:*)
--	UNAME_REL=`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed 's/\/MP$//'`
-+	UNAME_REL=$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed 's/\/MP$//')
- 	if grep Novell /usr/include/link.h >/dev/null 2>/dev/null; then
- 		echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-univel-sysv"$UNAME_REL"
- 	else
-@@ -1104,19 +1153,19 @@
- 	exit ;;
-     i*86:*:5:[678]*)
- 	# UnixWare 7.x, OpenUNIX and OpenServer 6.
--	case `/bin/uname -X | grep "^Machine"` in
-+	case $(/bin/uname -X | grep "^Machine") in
- 	    *486*)	     UNAME_MACHINE=i486 ;;
- 	    *Pentium)	     UNAME_MACHINE=i586 ;;
- 	    *Pent*|*Celeron) UNAME_MACHINE=i686 ;;
- 	esac
--	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE-unknown-sysv${UNAME_RELEASE}${UNAME_SYSTEM}{$UNAME_VERSION}"
-+	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE-unknown-sysv${UNAME_RELEASE}${UNAME_SYSTEM}${UNAME_VERSION}"
- 	exit ;;
-     i*86:*:3.2:*)
- 	if test -f /usr/options/cb.name; then
--		UNAME_REL=`sed -n 's/.*Version //p' </usr/options/cb.name`
-+		UNAME_REL=$(sed -n 's/.*Version //p' </usr/options/cb.name)
- 		echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-pc-isc"$UNAME_REL"
- 	elif /bin/uname -X 2>/dev/null >/dev/null ; then
--		UNAME_REL=`(/bin/uname -X|grep Release|sed -e 's/.*= //')`
-+		UNAME_REL=$( (/bin/uname -X|grep Release|sed -e 's/.*= //'))
- 		(/bin/uname -X|grep i80486 >/dev/null) && UNAME_MACHINE=i486
- 		(/bin/uname -X|grep '^Machine.*Pentium' >/dev/null) \
- 			&& UNAME_MACHINE=i586
-@@ -1166,7 +1215,7 @@
-     3[345]??:*:4.0:3.0 | 3[34]??A:*:4.0:3.0 | 3[34]??,*:*:4.0:3.0 | 3[34]??/*:*:4.0:3.0 | 4400:*:4.0:3.0 | 4850:*:4.0:3.0 | SKA40:*:4.0:3.0 | SDS2:*:4.0:3.0 | SHG2:*:4.0:3.0 | S7501*:*:4.0:3.0)
- 	OS_REL=''
- 	test -r /etc/.relid \
--	&& OS_REL=.`sed -n 's/[^ ]* [^ ]* \([0-9][0-9]\).*/\1/p' < /etc/.relid`
-+	&& OS_REL=.$(sed -n 's/[^ ]* [^ ]* \([0-9][0-9]\).*/\1/p' < /etc/.relid)
- 	/bin/uname -p 2>/dev/null | grep 86 >/dev/null \
- 	  && { echo i486-ncr-sysv4.3"$OS_REL"; exit; }
- 	/bin/uname -p 2>/dev/null | /bin/grep entium >/dev/null \
-@@ -1177,7 +1226,7 @@
-     NCR*:*:4.2:* | MPRAS*:*:4.2:*)
- 	OS_REL='.3'
- 	test -r /etc/.relid \
--	    && OS_REL=.`sed -n 's/[^ ]* [^ ]* \([0-9][0-9]\).*/\1/p' < /etc/.relid`
-+	    && OS_REL=.$(sed -n 's/[^ ]* [^ ]* \([0-9][0-9]\).*/\1/p' < /etc/.relid)
- 	/bin/uname -p 2>/dev/null | grep 86 >/dev/null \
- 	    && { echo i486-ncr-sysv4.3"$OS_REL"; exit; }
- 	/bin/uname -p 2>/dev/null | /bin/grep entium >/dev/null \
-@@ -1210,7 +1259,7 @@
- 	exit ;;
-     *:SINIX-*:*:*)
- 	if uname -p 2>/dev/null >/dev/null ; then
--		UNAME_MACHINE=`(uname -p) 2>/dev/null`
-+		UNAME_MACHINE=$( (uname -p) 2>/dev/null)
- 		echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-sni-sysv4
- 	else
- 		echo ns32k-sni-sysv
-@@ -1244,7 +1293,7 @@
- 	echo mips-sony-newsos6
- 	exit ;;
-     R[34]000:*System_V*:*:* | R4000:UNIX_SYSV:*:* | R*000:UNIX_SV:*:*)
--	if [ -d /usr/nec ]; then
-+	if test -d /usr/nec; then
- 		echo mips-nec-sysv"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	else
- 		echo mips-unknown-sysv"$UNAME_RELEASE"
-@@ -1292,44 +1341,48 @@
-     *:Rhapsody:*:*)
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-apple-rhapsody"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-+    arm64:Darwin:*:*)
-+	echo aarch64-apple-darwin"$UNAME_RELEASE"
-+	exit ;;
-     *:Darwin:*:*)
--	UNAME_PROCESSOR=`uname -p` || UNAME_PROCESSOR=unknown
--	set_cc_for_build
--	if test "$UNAME_PROCESSOR" = unknown ; then
--	    UNAME_PROCESSOR=powerpc
-+	UNAME_PROCESSOR=$(uname -p)
-+	case $UNAME_PROCESSOR in
-+	    unknown) UNAME_PROCESSOR=powerpc ;;
-+	esac
-+	if command -v xcode-select > /dev/null 2> /dev/null && \
-+		! xcode-select --print-path > /dev/null 2> /dev/null ; then
-+	    # Avoid executing cc if there is no toolchain installed as
-+	    # cc will be a stub that puts up a graphical alert
-+	    # prompting the user to install developer tools.
-+	    CC_FOR_BUILD=no_compiler_found
-+	else
-+	    set_cc_for_build
- 	fi
--	if test "`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/\..*//'`" -le 10 ; then
--	    if [ "$CC_FOR_BUILD" != no_compiler_found ]; then
--		if (echo '#ifdef __LP64__'; echo IS_64BIT_ARCH; echo '#endif') | \
--		       (CCOPTS="" $CC_FOR_BUILD -E - 2>/dev/null) | \
--		       grep IS_64BIT_ARCH >/dev/null
--		then
--		    case $UNAME_PROCESSOR in
--			i386) UNAME_PROCESSOR=x86_64 ;;
--			powerpc) UNAME_PROCESSOR=powerpc64 ;;
--		    esac
--		fi
--		# On 10.4-10.6 one might compile for PowerPC via gcc -arch ppc
--		if (echo '#ifdef __POWERPC__'; echo IS_PPC; echo '#endif') | \
--		       (CCOPTS="" $CC_FOR_BUILD -E - 2>/dev/null) | \
--		       grep IS_PPC >/dev/null
--		then
--		    UNAME_PROCESSOR=powerpc
--		fi
-+	if test "$CC_FOR_BUILD" != no_compiler_found; then
-+	    if (echo '#ifdef __LP64__'; echo IS_64BIT_ARCH; echo '#endif') | \
-+		   (CCOPTS="" $CC_FOR_BUILD -E - 2>/dev/null) | \
-+		   grep IS_64BIT_ARCH >/dev/null
-+	    then
-+		case $UNAME_PROCESSOR in
-+		    i386) UNAME_PROCESSOR=x86_64 ;;
-+		    powerpc) UNAME_PROCESSOR=powerpc64 ;;
-+		esac
-+	    fi
-+	    # On 10.4-10.6 one might compile for PowerPC via gcc -arch ppc
-+	    if (echo '#ifdef __POWERPC__'; echo IS_PPC; echo '#endif') | \
-+		   (CCOPTS="" $CC_FOR_BUILD -E - 2>/dev/null) | \
-+		   grep IS_PPC >/dev/null
-+	    then
-+		UNAME_PROCESSOR=powerpc
- 	    fi
- 	elif test "$UNAME_PROCESSOR" = i386 ; then
--	    # Avoid executing cc on OS X 10.9, as it ships with a stub
--	    # that puts up a graphical alert prompting to install
--	    # developer tools.  Any system running Mac OS X 10.7 or
--	    # later (Darwin 11 and later) is required to have a 64-bit
--	    # processor. This is not true of the ARM version of Darwin
--	    # that Apple uses in portable devices.
--	    UNAME_PROCESSOR=x86_64
-+	    # uname -m returns i386 or x86_64
-+	    UNAME_PROCESSOR=$UNAME_MACHINE
- 	fi
- 	echo "$UNAME_PROCESSOR"-apple-darwin"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-     *:procnto*:*:* | *:QNX:[0123456789]*:*)
--	UNAME_PROCESSOR=`uname -p`
-+	UNAME_PROCESSOR=$(uname -p)
- 	if test "$UNAME_PROCESSOR" = x86; then
- 		UNAME_PROCESSOR=i386
- 		UNAME_MACHINE=pc
-@@ -1397,10 +1450,10 @@
- 	echo mips-sei-seiux"$UNAME_RELEASE"
- 	exit ;;
-     *:DragonFly:*:*)
--	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-dragonfly"`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[-(].*//'`"
-+	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-dragonfly"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE"|sed -e 's/[-(].*//')"
- 	exit ;;
-     *:*VMS:*:*)
--	UNAME_MACHINE=`(uname -p) 2>/dev/null`
-+	UNAME_MACHINE=$( (uname -p) 2>/dev/null)
- 	case "$UNAME_MACHINE" in
- 	    A*) echo alpha-dec-vms ; exit ;;
- 	    I*) echo ia64-dec-vms ; exit ;;
-@@ -1410,7 +1463,7 @@
- 	echo i386-pc-xenix
- 	exit ;;
-     i*86:skyos:*:*)
--	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-pc-skyos"`echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/ .*$//'`"
-+	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-pc-skyos"$(echo "$UNAME_RELEASE" | sed -e 's/ .*$//')"
- 	exit ;;
-     i*86:rdos:*:*)
- 	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-pc-rdos
-@@ -1424,8 +1477,148 @@
-     amd64:Isilon\ OneFS:*:*)
- 	echo x86_64-unknown-onefs
- 	exit ;;
-+    *:Unleashed:*:*)
-+	echo "$UNAME_MACHINE"-unknown-unleashed"$UNAME_RELEASE"
-+	exit ;;
- esac
- 
-+# No uname command or uname output not recognized.
-+set_cc_for_build
-+cat > "$dummy.c" <<EOF
-+#ifdef _SEQUENT_
-+#include <sys/types.h>
-+#include <sys/utsname.h>
-+#endif
-+#if defined(ultrix) || defined(_ultrix) || defined(__ultrix) || defined(__ultrix__)
-+#if defined (vax) || defined (__vax) || defined (__vax__) || defined(mips) || defined(__mips) || defined(__mips__) || defined(MIPS) || defined(__MIPS__)
-+#include <signal.h>
-+#if defined(_SIZE_T_) || defined(SIGLOST)
-+#include <sys/utsname.h>
-+#endif
-+#endif
-+#endif
-+main ()
-+{
-+#if defined (sony)
-+#if defined (MIPSEB)
-+  /* BFD wants "bsd" instead of "newsos".  Perhaps BFD should be changed,
-+     I don't know....  */
-+  printf ("mips-sony-bsd\n"); exit (0);
-+#else
-+#include <sys/param.h>
-+  printf ("m68k-sony-newsos%s\n",
-+#ifdef NEWSOS4
-+  "4"
-+#else
-+  ""
-+#endif
-+  ); exit (0);
-+#endif
-+#endif
-+
-+#if defined (NeXT)
-+#if !defined (__ARCHITECTURE__)
-+#define __ARCHITECTURE__ "m68k"
-+#endif
-+  int version;
-+  version=$( (hostinfo | sed -n 's/.*NeXT Mach \([0-9]*\).*/\1/p') 2>/dev/null);
-+  if (version < 4)
-+    printf ("%s-next-nextstep%d\n", __ARCHITECTURE__, version);
-+  else
-+    printf ("%s-next-openstep%d\n", __ARCHITECTURE__, version);
-+  exit (0);
-+#endif
-+
-+#if defined (MULTIMAX) || defined (n16)
-+#if defined (UMAXV)
-+  printf ("ns32k-encore-sysv\n"); exit (0);
-+#else
-+#if defined (CMU)
-+  printf ("ns32k-encore-mach\n"); exit (0);
-+#else
-+  printf ("ns32k-encore-bsd\n"); exit (0);
-+#endif
-+#endif
-+#endif
-+
-+#if defined (__386BSD__)
-+  printf ("i386-pc-bsd\n"); exit (0);
-+#endif
-+
-+#if defined (sequent)
-+#if defined (i386)
-+  printf ("i386-sequent-dynix\n"); exit (0);
-+#endif
-+#if defined (ns32000)
-+  printf ("ns32k-sequent-dynix\n"); exit (0);
-+#endif
-+#endif
-+
-+#if defined (_SEQUENT_)
-+  struct utsname un;
-+
-+  uname(&un);
-+  if (strncmp(un.version, "V2", 2) == 0) {
-+    printf ("i386-sequent-ptx2\n"); exit (0);
-+  }
-+  if (strncmp(un.version, "V1", 2) == 0) { /* XXX is V1 correct? */
-+    printf ("i386-sequent-ptx1\n"); exit (0);
-+  }
-+  printf ("i386-sequent-ptx\n"); exit (0);
-+#endif
-+
-+#if defined (vax)
-+#if !defined (ultrix)
-+#include <sys/param.h>
-+#if defined (BSD)
-+#if BSD == 43
-+  printf ("vax-dec-bsd4.3\n"); exit (0);
-+#else
-+#if BSD == 199006
-+  printf ("vax-dec-bsd4.3reno\n"); exit (0);
-+#else
-+  printf ("vax-dec-bsd\n"); exit (0);
-+#endif
-+#endif
-+#else
-+  printf ("vax-dec-bsd\n"); exit (0);
-+#endif
-+#else
-+#if defined(_SIZE_T_) || defined(SIGLOST)
-+  struct utsname un;
-+  uname (&un);
-+  printf ("vax-dec-ultrix%s\n", un.release); exit (0);
-+#else
-+  printf ("vax-dec-ultrix\n"); exit (0);
-+#endif
-+#endif
-+#endif
-+#if defined(ultrix) || defined(_ultrix) || defined(__ultrix) || defined(__ultrix__)
-+#if defined(mips) || defined(__mips) || defined(__mips__) || defined(MIPS) || defined(__MIPS__)
-+#if defined(_SIZE_T_) || defined(SIGLOST)
-+  struct utsname *un;
-+  uname (&un);
-+  printf ("mips-dec-ultrix%s\n", un.release); exit (0);
-+#else
-+  printf ("mips-dec-ultrix\n"); exit (0);
-+#endif
-+#endif
-+#endif
-+
-+#if defined (alliant) && defined (i860)
-+  printf ("i860-alliant-bsd\n"); exit (0);
-+#endif
-+
-+  exit (1);
-+}
-+EOF
-+
-+$CC_FOR_BUILD -o "$dummy" "$dummy.c" 2>/dev/null && SYSTEM_NAME=$($dummy) &&
-+	{ echo "$SYSTEM_NAME"; exit; }
-+
-+# Apollos put the system type in the environment.
-+test -d /usr/apollo && { echo "$ISP-apollo-$SYSTYPE"; exit; }
-+
- echo "$0: unable to guess system type" >&2
- 
- case "$UNAME_MACHINE:$UNAME_SYSTEM" in
-@@ -1448,6 +1641,12 @@
-   https://git.savannah.gnu.org/gitweb/?p=config.git;a=blob_plain;f=config.guess
- and
-   https://git.savannah.gnu.org/gitweb/?p=config.git;a=blob_plain;f=config.sub
-+EOF
-+
-+year=$(echo $timestamp | sed 's,-.*,,')
-+# shellcheck disable=SC2003
-+if test "$(expr "$(date +%Y)" - "$year")" -lt 3 ; then
-+   cat >&2 <<EOF
- 
- If $0 has already been updated, send the following data and any
- information you think might be pertinent to config-patches@gnu.org to
-@@ -1455,26 +1654,27 @@
- 
- config.guess timestamp = $timestamp
- 
--uname -m = `(uname -m) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown`
--uname -r = `(uname -r) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown`
--uname -s = `(uname -s) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown`
--uname -v = `(uname -v) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown`
--
--/usr/bin/uname -p = `(/usr/bin/uname -p) 2>/dev/null`
--/bin/uname -X     = `(/bin/uname -X) 2>/dev/null`
--
--hostinfo               = `(hostinfo) 2>/dev/null`
--/bin/universe          = `(/bin/universe) 2>/dev/null`
--/usr/bin/arch -k       = `(/usr/bin/arch -k) 2>/dev/null`
--/bin/arch              = `(/bin/arch) 2>/dev/null`
--/usr/bin/oslevel       = `(/usr/bin/oslevel) 2>/dev/null`
--/usr/convex/getsysinfo = `(/usr/convex/getsysinfo) 2>/dev/null`
-+uname -m = $( (uname -m) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown)
-+uname -r = $( (uname -r) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown)
-+uname -s = $( (uname -s) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown)
-+uname -v = $( (uname -v) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown)
-+
-+/usr/bin/uname -p = $( (/usr/bin/uname -p) 2>/dev/null)
-+/bin/uname -X     = $( (/bin/uname -X) 2>/dev/null)
-+
-+hostinfo               = $( (hostinfo) 2>/dev/null)
-+/bin/universe          = $( (/bin/universe) 2>/dev/null)
-+/usr/bin/arch -k       = $( (/usr/bin/arch -k) 2>/dev/null)
-+/bin/arch              = $( (/bin/arch) 2>/dev/null)
-+/usr/bin/oslevel       = $( (/usr/bin/oslevel) 2>/dev/null)
-+/usr/convex/getsysinfo = $( (/usr/convex/getsysinfo) 2>/dev/null)
- 
- UNAME_MACHINE = "$UNAME_MACHINE"
- UNAME_RELEASE = "$UNAME_RELEASE"
- UNAME_SYSTEM  = "$UNAME_SYSTEM"
- UNAME_VERSION = "$UNAME_VERSION"
- EOF
-+fi
- 
- exit 1
- 
+-# eval: (add-hook 'write-file-functions 'time-stamp)
++# eval: (add-hook 'before-save-hook 'time-stamp)
+ # time-stamp-start: "timestamp='"
+ # time-stamp-format: "%:y-%02m-%02d"
+ # time-stamp-end: "'"
diff --git a/patches/sort-patches-by-date b/patches/sort-patches-by-date
deleted file mode 100755
index 61857dd0b7..0000000000
--- a/patches/sort-patches-by-date
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-#! /usr/bin/env ruby
-
-require "date"
-
-dir = ARGV[0] || raise("ERROR: arg1 must be dir")
-
-files_and_times = {}
-Dir[File.join(dir, "*.patch")].sort.each do |filename|
-  dateline = `cat #{filename} | grep "Date:"`
-  datestr = dateline.split("Date:").last.strip
-  time = DateTime.parse datestr
-  files_and_times[filename] = time
-end
-
-count = 0
-files_and_times.sort_by { |k, v| v }.each do |filename, time|
-  count += 1
-  _, patch_name = filename.split("-", 2)
-  new_filename = File.join(dir, sprintf("%4.4d-%s", count, patch_name))
-  comment = (filename == new_filename) ? "# " : ""
-  printf "%smv -f %s %s # %s\n", comment, filename, new_filename, time
-end
diff --git a/rakelib/cext-depend.rake b/rakelib/cext-depend.rake
index d8247a8c6f..56faed69e8 100644
--- a/rakelib/cext-depend.rake
+++ b/rakelib/cext-depend.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "set"
 
 namespace "cext" do
@@ -8,8 +10,11 @@ namespace "cext" do
       ext_dir = File.dirname(extconf)
       Dir.chdir(ext_dir) do
         puts "(in #{ext_dir})"
-        File.exist?("depend") or FileUtils.touch("depend")
+        File.exist?("depend") || FileUtils.touch("depend")
         sh "makedepend -f depend -Y -I. *.c 2> /dev/null"
+        dep = File.read("depend")
+        dep.gsub!(%r{ \./}, " $(srcdir)/")
+        File.write("depend", dep)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/rakelib/check-manifest.rake b/rakelib/check-manifest.rake
index d5eda72380..2fc03d2f27 100644
--- a/rakelib/check-manifest.rake
+++ b/rakelib/check-manifest.rake
@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
+# rubocop:disable Style/WordArray
+
 # replacement for Hoe's task of the same name
 
 desc "Perform a sanity check on the gemspec file list"
@@ -12,10 +15,12 @@ task :check_manifest do
     .github
     .vagrant
     .yardoc
-    concourse
     coverage
     doc
     gems
+    misc
+    nokogumbo-import
+    oci-images
     patches
     pkg
     ports
@@ -32,9 +37,10 @@ task :check_manifest do
     .cross_rubies
     .editorconfig
     .gitignore
+    .gitmodules
     .yardopts
-    appveyor.yml
-    nokogiri.gemspec
+    .rubocop.yml
+    .rubocop_todo.yml
     CHANGELOG.md
     CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
     CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -44,8 +50,13 @@ task :check_manifest do
     SECURITY.md
     STANDARD_RESPONSES.md
     Vagrantfile
-    [0-9]+-.*
-    [a-z.]+.(log|out)
+    [a-z]*.{log,out}
+    [0-9]*
+    appveyor.yml
+    gumbo-parser/test/*
+    lib/nokogiri/**/nokogiri.{jar,so}
+    lib/nokogiri/nokogiri.{jar,so}
+    nokogiri.gemspec
   ]
 
   intended_directories = Dir.children(".")
@@ -54,10 +65,11 @@ task :check_manifest do
 
   intended_files = Dir.children(".")
     .select { |filename| File.file?(filename) }
-    .reject { |filename| ignore_files.any? { |ig| File.fnmatch?(ig, filename) } }
+    .reject { |filename| ignore_files.any? { |ig| File.fnmatch?(ig, filename, File::FNM_EXTGLOB) } }
 
   intended_files += Dir.glob(intended_directories.map { |d| File.join(d, "/**/*") })
     .select { |filename| File.file?(filename) }
+    .reject { |filename| ignore_files.any? { |ig| File.fnmatch?(ig, filename, File::FNM_EXTGLOB) } }
     .sort
 
   spec_files = raw_gemspec.files.sort
@@ -67,10 +79,10 @@ task :check_manifest do
 
   unless missing_files.empty?
     puts "missing:"
-    missing_files.each { |f| puts "- #{f}" }
+    missing_files.sort.each { |f| puts "- #{f}" }
   end
   unless extra_files.empty?
     puts "unexpected:"
-    extra_files.each { |f| puts "+ #{f}" }
+    extra_files.sort.each { |f| puts "+ #{f}" }
   end
 end
diff --git a/rakelib/clean.rake b/rakelib/clean.rake
index 2ea8b962a0..40d89dd0fc 100644
--- a/rakelib/clean.rake
+++ b/rakelib/clean.rake
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "rake/clean"
 CLEAN.add(
-  "concourse/images/*.generated",
   "coverage",
   "ext/nokogiri/include",
   "lib/nokogiri/[0-9].[0-9]",
@@ -9,4 +10,3 @@ CLEAN.add(
   "tmp",
 )
 CLOBBER.add("ports/*").exclude(%r{ports/archives$})
-CLOBBER.add("gems")
diff --git a/rakelib/concourse.rake b/rakelib/concourse.rake
deleted file mode 100644
index ae2ec124f2..0000000000
--- a/rakelib/concourse.rake
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-require "concourse"
-
-Concourse.new("nokogiri", fly_target: "ci", format: true) do |c|
-  c.add_pipeline "nokogiri", "nokogiri.yml", ytt: true
-  c.add_pipeline "nokogiri-pr", "nokogiri-pr.yml", ytt: true
-  c.add_pipeline "nokogiri-truffleruby", "nokogiri-truffleruby.yml", ytt: true
-end
diff --git a/rakelib/css-generate.rake b/rakelib/css-generate.rake
index 80f3d67c95..edd47fec42 100644
--- a/rakelib/css-generate.rake
+++ b/rakelib/css-generate.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 namespace "css" do
   PARSER_DEPS = { "lib/nokogiri/css/parser.rb" => "lib/nokogiri/css/parser.y" }
   TOKENIZER_DEPS = { "lib/nokogiri/css/tokenizer.rb" => "lib/nokogiri/css/tokenizer.rex" }
@@ -8,7 +10,7 @@ namespace "css" do
 
   desc "Clean up generated CSS parser and tokenizer"
   task "clean" do
-    DEPS.keys.each { |f| FileUtils.rm_f f, :verbose => true }
+    DEPS.keys.each { |f| FileUtils.rm_f(f, verbose: true) }
   end
 
   file PARSER_DEPS do |t|
@@ -20,7 +22,5 @@ namespace "css" do
   end
 end
 
-task "compile" => "css:generate"
-task "check_manifest" => "css:generate"
-
-task "generate" => "css:generate" # backwards compatibility, see concourse/tasks/rake-test/run.sh
+task "compile" => "css:generate" # rubocop:disable Rake/Desc
+task "check_manifest" => "css:generate" # rubocop:disable Rake/Desc
diff --git a/rakelib/debug.rake b/rakelib/debug.rake
index 7faa21facc..d8e851c195 100644
--- a/rakelib/debug.rake
+++ b/rakelib/debug.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 desc "Set environment variables to build and/or test with debug options"
 task :debug do
   ENV["NOKOGIRI_DEBUG"] = "true"
@@ -5,10 +7,10 @@ task :debug do
   ENV["CFLAGS"] += " -DDEBUG"
 end
 
-task :java_debug do
+task :java_debug do # rubocop:disable Rake/Desc
   ENV["JRUBY_OPTS"] = "#{ENV["JRUBY_OPTS"]} --debug --dev"
   if ENV["JAVA_DEBUG"]
     ENV["JAVA_OPTS"] = "-Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,address=8000,server=y,suspend=y"
   end
 end
-task :test => :java_debug
+task test: :java_debug # rubocop:disable Rake/Desc
diff --git a/rakelib/docker.rake b/rakelib/docker.rake
index 054558c04a..5b8be8bf52 100644
--- a/rakelib/docker.rake
+++ b/rakelib/docker.rake
@@ -1,77 +1,150 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #
 # docker docker docker
 #
-namespace "docker" do
-  IMAGE_DIR = "concourse/images"
 
-  def docker_tag_for(engine, version = nil)
-    [engine, version].compact.join("-")
-  end
+module DockerHelper
+  IMAGE_DIR = "oci-images/nokogiri-test"
+  IMAGE_NAME = "ghcr.io/sparklemotion/nokogiri-test"
+  RUBIES = {
+    mri: ["2.6", "2.7", "3.0", "3.1"],
+    truffle: ["nightly"],
+  }
 
-  def docker_file_for(engine, version = nil)
-    File.join(IMAGE_DIR, "Dockerfile.#{docker_tag_for(engine, version)}.generated")
-  end
+  class << self
+    def docker_tag_for(engine, version = nil)
+      [engine, version].compact.join("-")
+    end
 
-  def docker_image_for(engine, version = nil)
-    "flavorjones/nokogiri-test:#{docker_tag_for(engine, version)}"
-  end
+    def docker_file_for(engine, version = nil)
+      File.join(IMAGE_DIR, "#{docker_tag_for(engine, version)}.dockerfile")
+    end
 
-  def docker_files_each
-    Dir[File.join(IMAGE_DIR, "Dockerfile.*.erb")].each do |template_path|
-      tag_or_engine = File.basename(template_path).gsub(/Dockerfile\.(.*)\.erb/, '\1').to_sym
-      if Concourse::RUBIES.keys.include?(tag_or_engine)
-        # engine
-        Concourse::RUBIES[tag_or_engine].each do |version|
-          dockerfile_path = docker_file_for(tag_or_engine, version)
-          yield File.read(template_path), dockerfile_path, version, docker_image_for(tag_or_engine, version)
+    def docker_image_for(engine, version = nil)
+      "#{IMAGE_NAME}:#{docker_tag_for(engine, version)}"
+    end
+
+    def docker_files_each
+      Dir[File.join(IMAGE_DIR, "*.erb")].each do |template_path|
+        tag_or_engine = File.basename(template_path).gsub(/(.*)\.erb/, '\1').to_sym
+        if RUBIES.key?(tag_or_engine)
+          # engine
+          RUBIES[tag_or_engine].each do |version|
+            dockerfile_path = docker_file_for(tag_or_engine, version)
+            yield File.read(template_path), dockerfile_path, version, docker_image_for(tag_or_engine, version)
+          end
+        else
+          # tag
+          dockerfile_path = docker_file_for(tag_or_engine)
+          yield File.read(template_path), dockerfile_path, nil, docker_image_for(tag_or_engine)
         end
-      else
-        # tag
-        dockerfile_path = docker_file_for(tag_or_engine)
-        yield File.read(template_path), dockerfile_path, nil, docker_image_for(tag_or_engine)
       end
     end
-  end
 
-  desc "Generate Dockerfiles"
-  task "generate" do
-    docker_files_each do |template, dockerfile_path, version, _|
-      puts "writing #{dockerfile_path} ..."
-      File.open(dockerfile_path, "w") do |dockerfile|
-        Dir.chdir(File.dirname(dockerfile_path)) do
-          dockerfile.write ERB.new(template, nil, "%-").result(binding)
+    def generate_pipeline
+      filename = File.join(".github", "workflows", "generate-ci-images.yml")
+
+      pipeline_prelude = <<~EOF
+        # DO NOT EDIT
+        # this file is automatically generated by the "docker:pipeline" rake task
+        name: Generate CI Images
+        on:
+          workflow_dispatch: {}
+          schedule:
+            - cron: "0 5 * * 3" # At 05:00 on Wednesday # https://crontab.guru/#0_5_*_*_3
+        # reference: https://github.com/marketplace/actions/build-and-push-docker-images
+        jobs:
+          build_images:
+            runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+            steps:
+              - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+                with:
+                  submodules: true
+              - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
+                with:
+                  ruby-version: "3.1"
+                  bundler-cache: true
+              - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
+              - uses: docker/login-action@v1
+                with:
+                  registry: ghcr.io
+                  username: ${{github.actor}}
+                  password: ${{secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN}}
+      EOF
+
+      image_template = <<EOF
+      - name: %{job_name}
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
+        with:
+          context: "."
+          push: true
+          tags: %{image_name}
+          file: %{dockerfile_path}
+EOF
+
+      puts "writing #{filename} ..."
+      File.open(filename, "w") do |io|
+        io.write(pipeline_prelude)
+
+        Dir.glob(File.join(IMAGE_DIR, "*.dockerfile")).sort.each do |dockerfile|
+          image_tag = Regexp.new("(.*)\.dockerfile").match(File.basename(dockerfile))[1]
+          template_params = {
+            job_name: image_tag,
+            image_name: "#{IMAGE_NAME}:#{image_tag}",
+            dockerfile_path: dockerfile,
+          }
+          io.write(image_template % template_params)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def generate_dockerfiles
+      require "erb"
+      DockerHelper.docker_files_each do |template, dockerfile_path, version, _|
+        puts "writing #{dockerfile_path} ..."
+        File.open(dockerfile_path, "w") do |dockerfile|
+          Dir.chdir(File.dirname(dockerfile_path)) do
+            dockerfile.write(ERB.new(template, nil, "%-").result(binding))
+          end
         end
       end
     end
   end
+end
+
+namespace "docker" do
+  desc "Generate an Actions pipeline to take care of everything"
+  task "pipeline" => "generate" do
+    DockerHelper.generate_pipeline
+  end
+
+  desc "Generate Dockerfiles"
+  task "generate" do
+    DockerHelper.generate_dockerfiles
+  end
 
   desc "Build docker images for testing"
   task "build" do
-    docker_files_each do |_, dockerfile_path, _, docker_image|
+    DockerHelper.docker_files_each do |_, dockerfile_path, _, docker_image|
       sh "docker build -t #{docker_image} -f #{dockerfile_path} ."
     end
   end
 
   desc "Push a docker image for testing"
   task "push" do
-    docker_files_each do |_, _, _, docker_image|
+    DockerHelper.docker_files_each do |_, _, _, docker_image|
       sh "docker push #{docker_image}"
     end
   end
 
   desc "Pull upstream docker images"
   task "pull" do
-    docker_files_each do |_, dockerfile_path, _, _|
+    DockerHelper.docker_files_each do |_, dockerfile_path, _, _|
       upstream = File.read(dockerfile_path).lines.grep(/FROM/).first.split("FROM ").last
       sh "docker pull #{upstream}"
     end
   end
-
-  desc "Clean generated dockerfiles"
-  task "clean" do
-    generated_files = Dir[File.join(IMAGE_DIR, "Dockerfile.*.generated")]
-    FileUtils.rm_f generated_files, verbose: true unless generated_files.empty?
-  end
 end
 
 desc "Build and push a docker image for testing"
diff --git a/rakelib/extensions.rake b/rakelib/extensions.rake
index bc5067e3f6..c41af2be3e 100644
--- a/rakelib/extensions.rake
+++ b/rakelib/extensions.rake
@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "rbconfig"
 require "shellwords"
 
-CrossRuby = Struct.new(:version, :host) do
+CrossRuby = Struct.new(:version, :platform) do
   WINDOWS_PLATFORM_REGEX = /mingw|mswin/
+  MINGWUCRT_PLATFORM_REGEX = /mingw-ucrt/
   MINGW32_PLATFORM_REGEX = /mingw32/
   LINUX_PLATFORM_REGEX = /linux/
+  X86_LINUX_PLATFORM_REGEX = /x86.*linux/
+  ARM_LINUX_PLATFORM_REGEX = /aarch.*linux/
   DARWIN_PLATFORM_REGEX = /darwin/
 
   def windows?
@@ -36,47 +41,53 @@ CrossRuby = Struct.new(:version, :host) do
     end
   end
 
-  def platform
-    @platform ||= case host
-      when /\Ax86_64.*mingw32/
-        "x64-mingw32"
-      when /\Ai[3-6]86.*mingw32/
-        "x86-mingw32"
-      when /\Ax86_64.*linux/
-        "x86_64-linux"
-      when /\Ai[3-6]86.*linux/
-        "x86-linux"
-      when /\Ax86_64-darwin/
-        "x86_64-darwin"
-      when /\Aarm64-darwin/
-        "arm64-darwin"
-      else
-        raise "CrossRuby.platform: unsupported host: #{host}"
-      end
+  def host
+    @host ||= case platform
+    when "x64-mingw-ucrt"
+      "x86_64-w64-mingw32"
+    when "x64-mingw32"
+      "x86_64-w64-mingw32"
+    when "x86-mingw32"
+      "i686-w64-mingw32"
+    when "x86_64-linux"
+      "x86_64-linux-gnu"
+    when "x86-linux"
+      "i686-linux-gnu"
+    when "aarch64-linux"
+      "aarch64-linux"
+    when "x86_64-darwin"
+      "x86_64-darwin"
+    when "arm64-darwin"
+      "aarch64-darwin"
+    else
+      raise "CrossRuby.platform: unsupported platform: #{platform}"
+    end
   end
 
   def tool(name)
     (@binutils_prefix ||= case platform
-      when "x64-mingw32"
-        "x86_64-w64-mingw32-"
-      when "x86-mingw32"
-        "i686-w64-mingw32-"
-      when "x86_64-linux"
-        "x86_64-redhat-linux-"
-      when "x86-linux"
-        "i686-redhat-linux-"
-      when /x86_64.*darwin/
-        "x86_64-apple-darwin-"
-      when /a.*64.*darwin/
-        "aarch64-apple-darwin-"
-      else
-        raise "CrossRuby.tool: unmatched platform: #{platform}"
-      end) + name
+     when "x64-mingw-ucrt", "x64-mingw32"
+       "x86_64-w64-mingw32-"
+     when "x86-mingw32"
+       "i686-w64-mingw32-"
+     when "x86_64-linux"
+       "x86_64-redhat-linux-"
+     when "x86-linux"
+       "i686-redhat-linux-"
+     when "aarch64-linux"
+       "aarch64-linux-gnu-"
+     when "x86_64-darwin"
+       "x86_64-apple-darwin-"
+     when "arm64-darwin"
+       "aarch64-apple-darwin-"
+     else
+       raise "CrossRuby.tool: unmatched platform: #{platform}"
+     end) + name
   end
 
   def target_file_format
     case platform
-    when "x64-mingw32"
+    when "x64-mingw-ucrt", "x64-mingw32"
       "pei-x86-64"
     when "x86-mingw32"
       "pei-i386"
@@ -84,6 +95,8 @@ CrossRuby = Struct.new(:version, :host) do
       "elf64-x86-64"
     when "x86-linux"
       "elf32-i386"
+    when "aarch64-linux"
+      "elf64-littleaarch64"
     when "x86_64-darwin"
       "Mach-O 64-bit x86-64" # hmm
     when "arm64-darwin"
@@ -103,6 +116,8 @@ CrossRuby = Struct.new(:version, :host) do
 
   def libruby_dll
     case platform
+    when "x64-mingw-ucrt"
+      "x64-ucrt-ruby#{api_ver_suffix}.dll"
     when "x64-mingw32"
       "x64-msvcrt-ruby#{api_ver_suffix}.dll"
     when "x86-mingw32"
@@ -123,16 +138,42 @@ CrossRuby = Struct.new(:version, :host) do
         "advapi32.dll",
         libruby_dll,
       ]
-    when LINUX_PLATFORM_REGEX
+    when MINGWUCRT_PLATFORM_REGEX
+      [
+        "kernel32.dll",
+        "ws2_32.dll",
+        "advapi32.dll",
+        "api-ms-win-crt-convert-l1-1-0.dll",
+        "api-ms-win-crt-environment-l1-1-0.dll",
+        "api-ms-win-crt-filesystem-l1-1-0.dll",
+        "api-ms-win-crt-heap-l1-1-0.dll",
+        "api-ms-win-crt-locale-l1-1-0.dll",
+        "api-ms-win-crt-math-l1-1-0.dll",
+        "api-ms-win-crt-private-l1-1-0.dll",
+        "api-ms-win-crt-runtime-l1-1-0.dll",
+        "api-ms-win-crt-stdio-l1-1-0.dll",
+        "api-ms-win-crt-string-l1-1-0.dll",
+        "api-ms-win-crt-time-l1-1-0.dll",
+        "api-ms-win-crt-utility-l1-1-0.dll",
+        libruby_dll,
+      ]
+    when X86_LINUX_PLATFORM_REGEX
       [
         "libm.so.6",
-        *(case
-        when ver < "2.6.0"
-          "libpthread.so.0"
-        end),
         "libc.so.6",
         "libdl.so.2", # on old dists only - now in libc
-      ]
+      ].tap do |dlls|
+        dlls << "libpthread.so.0" if ver < "2.6.0"
+      end
+    when ARM_LINUX_PLATFORM_REGEX
+      [
+        "libm.so.6",
+        "libc.so.6",
+        "libdl.so.2", # on old dists only - now in libc
+        "ld-linux-aarch64.so.1",
+      ].tap do |dlls|
+        dlls << "libpthread.so.0" if ver < "2.6.0"
+      end
     when DARWIN_PLATFORM_REGEX
       [
         "/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib",
@@ -146,8 +187,10 @@ CrossRuby = Struct.new(:version, :host) do
 
   def dll_ref_versions
     case platform
-    when LINUX_PLATFORM_REGEX
+    when X86_LINUX_PLATFORM_REGEX
       { "GLIBC" => "2.17" }
+    when ARM_LINUX_PLATFORM_REGEX
+      { "GLIBC" => "2.29" }
     else
       raise "CrossRuby.dll_ref_versions: unmatched platform: #{platform}"
     end
@@ -157,7 +200,7 @@ end
 CROSS_RUBIES = File.read(".cross_rubies").split("\n").map do |line|
   case line
   when /\A([^#]+):([^#]+)/
-    CrossRuby.new($1, $2)
+    CrossRuby.new(Regexp.last_match(1), Regexp.last_match(2))
   end
 end.compact
 
@@ -166,49 +209,53 @@ ENV["RUBY_CC_VERSION"] = CROSS_RUBIES.map(&:ver).uniq.join(":")
 require "rake_compiler_dock"
 
 def java?
-  /java/ === RUBY_PLATFORM
+  /java/.match?(RUBY_PLATFORM)
 end
 
 def add_file_to_gem(relative_source_path)
+  if relative_source_path.nil? || !File.exist?(relative_source_path)
+    raise "Cannot find file '#{relative_source_path}'"
+  end
+
   dest_path = File.join(gem_build_path, relative_source_path)
   dest_dir = File.dirname(dest_path)
 
-  mkdir_p dest_dir unless Dir.exist?(dest_dir)
-  rm_f dest_path if File.exist?(dest_path)
-  safe_ln relative_source_path, dest_path
+  mkdir_p(dest_dir) unless Dir.exist?(dest_dir)
+  rm_f(dest_path) if File.exist?(dest_path)
+  safe_ln(relative_source_path, dest_path)
 
   NOKOGIRI_SPEC.files << relative_source_path
 end
 
 def gem_build_path
-  File.join "pkg", NOKOGIRI_SPEC.full_name
+  File.join("pkg", NOKOGIRI_SPEC.full_name)
 end
 
 def verify_dll(dll, cross_ruby)
   allowed_imports = cross_ruby.allowed_dlls
 
   if cross_ruby.windows?
-    dump = `#{["env", "LANG=C", cross_ruby.tool("objdump"), "-p", dll].shelljoin}`
+    dump = %x(#{["env", "LANG=C", cross_ruby.tool("objdump"), "-p", dll].shelljoin})
 
-    raise "unexpected file format for generated dll #{dll}" unless /file format #{Regexp.quote(cross_ruby.target_file_format)}\s/ === dump
-    raise "export function Init_nokogiri not in dll #{dll}" unless /Table.*\sInit_nokogiri\s/mi === dump
+    raise "unexpected file format for generated dll #{dll}" unless /file format #{Regexp.quote(cross_ruby.target_file_format)}\s/.match?(dump)
+    raise "export function Init_nokogiri not in dll #{dll}" unless /Table.*\sInit_nokogiri\s/mi.match?(dump)
 
     # Verify that the DLL dependencies are all allowed.
     actual_imports = dump.scan(/DLL Name: (.*)$/).map(&:first).map(&:downcase).uniq
-    if !(actual_imports - allowed_imports).empty?
+    unless (actual_imports - allowed_imports).empty?
       raise "unallowed so imports #{actual_imports.inspect} in #{dll} (allowed #{allowed_imports.inspect})"
     end
 
   elsif cross_ruby.linux?
-    dump = `#{["env", "LANG=C", cross_ruby.tool("objdump"), "-p", dll].shelljoin}`
-    nm = `#{["env", "LANG=C", cross_ruby.tool("nm"), "-D", dll].shelljoin}`
+    dump = %x(#{["env", "LANG=C", cross_ruby.tool("objdump"), "-p", dll].shelljoin})
+    nm = %x(#{["env", "LANG=C", cross_ruby.tool("nm"), "-D", dll].shelljoin})
 
-    raise "unexpected file format for generated dll #{dll}" unless /file format #{Regexp.quote(cross_ruby.target_file_format)}\s/ === dump
-    raise "export function Init_nokogiri not in dll #{dll}" unless / T Init_nokogiri/ === nm
+    raise "unexpected file format for generated dll #{dll}" unless /file format #{Regexp.quote(cross_ruby.target_file_format)}\s/.match?(dump)
+    raise "export function Init_nokogiri not in dll #{dll}" unless / T Init_nokogiri/.match?(nm)
 
     # Verify that the DLL dependencies are all allowed.
     actual_imports = dump.scan(/NEEDED\s+(.*)/).map(&:first).uniq
-    if !(actual_imports - allowed_imports).empty?
+    unless (actual_imports - allowed_imports).empty?
       raise "unallowed so imports #{actual_imports.inspect} in #{dll} (allowed #{allowed_imports.inspect})"
     end
 
@@ -225,29 +272,28 @@ def verify_dll(dll, cross_ruby)
     end
 
   elsif cross_ruby.darwin?
-    dump = `#{["env", "LANG=C", cross_ruby.tool("objdump"), "-p", dll].shelljoin}`
-    nm = `#{["env", "LANG=C", cross_ruby.tool("nm"), "-g", dll].shelljoin}`
+    dump = %x(#{["env", "LANG=C", cross_ruby.tool("objdump"), "-p", dll].shelljoin})
+    nm = %x(#{["env", "LANG=C", cross_ruby.tool("nm"), "-g", dll].shelljoin})
 
-    raise "unexpected file format for generated dll #{dll}" unless /file format #{Regexp.quote(cross_ruby.target_file_format)}\s/ === dump
-    raise "export function Init_nokogiri not in dll #{dll}" unless / T _?Init_nokogiri/ === nm
+    raise "unexpected file format for generated dll #{dll}" unless /file format #{Regexp.quote(cross_ruby.target_file_format)}\s/.match?(dump)
+    raise "export function Init_nokogiri not in dll #{dll}" unless / T _?Init_nokogiri/.match?(nm)
 
     # if liblzma is being referenced, let's make sure it's referring
     # to the system-installed file and not the homebrew-installed file.
-    ldd = `#{["env", "LANG=C", cross_ruby.tool("otool"), "-L", dll].shelljoin}`
-    if liblzma_refs = ldd.scan(/^\t([^ ]+) /).map(&:first).uniq.grep(/liblzma/)
+    ldd = %x(#{["env", "LANG=C", cross_ruby.tool("otool"), "-L", dll].shelljoin})
+    if (liblzma_refs = ldd.scan(/^\t([^ ]+) /).map(&:first).uniq.grep(/liblzma/))
       liblzma_refs.each do |ref|
         new_ref = File.join("/usr/lib", File.basename(ref))
-        sh ["env", "LANG=C", cross_ruby.tool("install_name_tool"), "-change", ref, new_ref, dll].shelljoin
+        sh(["env", "LANG=C", cross_ruby.tool("install_name_tool"), "-change", ref, new_ref, dll].shelljoin)
       end
 
       # reload!
-      ldd = `#{["env", "LANG=C", cross_ruby.tool("otool"), "-L", dll].shelljoin}`
+      ldd = %x(#{["env", "LANG=C", cross_ruby.tool("otool"), "-L", dll].shelljoin})
     end
 
     # Verify that the DLL dependencies are all allowed.
-    ldd = `#{["env", "LANG=C", cross_ruby.tool("otool"), "-L", dll].shelljoin}`
     actual_imports = ldd.scan(/^\t([^ ]+) /).map(&:first).uniq
-    if !(actual_imports - allowed_imports).empty?
+    unless (actual_imports - allowed_imports).empty?
       raise "unallowed so imports #{actual_imports.inspect} in #{dll} (allowed #{allowed_imports.inspect})"
     end
   end
@@ -255,22 +301,17 @@ def verify_dll(dll, cross_ruby)
 end
 
 CROSS_RUBIES.each do |cross_ruby|
-  task cross_ruby.dll_staging_path do |t|
+  task cross_ruby.dll_staging_path do |t| # rubocop:disable Rake/Desc
     verify_dll t.name, cross_ruby
   end
 end
 
 namespace "gem" do
-  def gem_builder(plat)
-    # use Task#invoke because the pkg/*gem task is defined at runtime
-    Rake::Task["native:#{plat}"].invoke
-    Rake::Task["pkg/#{NOKOGIRI_SPEC.full_name}-#{Gem::Platform.new(plat).to_s}.gem"].invoke
-  end
-
   CROSS_RUBIES.find_all { |cr| cr.windows? || cr.linux? || cr.darwin? }.map(&:platform).uniq.each do |plat|
     desc "build native gem for #{plat} platform"
     task plat do
-      RakeCompilerDock.sh <<~EOT, platform: plat
+      RakeCompilerDock.sh(<<~EOT, platform: plat, verbose: true)
+        rvm use 3.1.0 &&
         gem install bundler --no-document &&
         bundle &&
         bundle exec rake gem:#{plat}:builder MAKE='nice make -j`nproc`'
@@ -280,15 +321,23 @@ namespace "gem" do
     namespace plat do
       desc "build native gem for #{plat} platform (guest container)"
       task "builder" do
-        gem_builder(plat)
+        # use Task#invoke because the pkg/*gem task is defined at runtime
+        Rake::Task["native:#{plat}"].invoke
+        Rake::Task["pkg/#{NOKOGIRI_SPEC.full_name}-#{Gem::Platform.new(plat)}.gem"].invoke
       end
     end
   end
 
   desc "build a jruby gem"
   task "jruby" do
-    RakeCompilerDock.sh("gem install bundler --no-document && bundle && bundle exec rake java gem",
-                        rubyvm: "jruby", platform: "jruby")
+    # TODO: remove the ruby-maven bit after ruby-maven 3.3.13 or later is shipped
+    # see https://github.com/jruby/jruby/issues/6904
+    RakeCompilerDock.sh(<<~EOF, rubyvm: "jruby", platform: "jruby", verbose: true)
+      gem install bundler --no-document &&
+      gem install misc/ruby-maven-*.gem --no-document &&
+      bundle &&
+      bundle exec rake java gem
+    EOF
   end
 
   desc "build native gems for windows"
@@ -303,58 +352,72 @@ end
 
 if java?
   require "rake/javaextensiontask"
-  Rake::JavaExtensionTask.new("nokogiri", NOKOGIRI_SPEC) do |ext|
-    jruby_home = RbConfig::CONFIG['prefix']
-    jars = ["#{jruby_home}/lib/jruby.jar"] + FileList['lib/*.jar']
+  Rake::JavaExtensionTask.new("nokogiri", NOKOGIRI_SPEC.dup) do |ext|
+    jruby_home = RbConfig::CONFIG["prefix"]
+    jars = ["#{jruby_home}/lib/jruby.jar"] + FileList["lib/*.jar"]
 
+    # Keep the extension C files because they have docstrings (and Java files don't)
     ext.gem_spec.files.reject! { |path| File.fnmatch?("ext/nokogiri/*.h", path) }
-
-    ext.ext_dir = 'ext/java'
-    ext.lib_dir = 'lib/nokogiri'
-    ext.source_version = '1.7'
-    ext.target_version = '1.7'
-    ext.classpath = jars.map { |x| File.expand_path x }.join ':'
-    ext.debug = true if ENV['JAVA_DEBUG']
+    ext.gem_spec.files.reject! { |path| File.fnmatch?("gumbo-parser/**/*", path) }
+
+    ext.ext_dir = "ext/java"
+    ext.lib_dir = "lib/nokogiri"
+    ext.source_version = "1.7"
+    ext.target_version = "1.7"
+    ext.classpath = jars.map { |x| File.expand_path(x) }.join(":")
+    ext.debug = true if ENV["JAVA_DEBUG"]
   end
 
   task gem_build_path => [:compile] do
-    add_file_to_gem 'lib/nokogiri/nokogiri.jar'
+    add_file_to_gem "lib/nokogiri/nokogiri.jar"
   end
 else
   require "rake/extensiontask"
+  require "yaml"
 
   dependencies = YAML.load_file("dependencies.yml")
 
-  task gem_build_path do
-    NOKOGIRI_SPEC.files.reject! { |f| f =~ %r{\.(java|jar)$} }
+  task gem_build_path do # rubocop:disable Rake/Desc
+    NOKOGIRI_SPEC.files.reject! { |path| File.fnmatch?("**/*.{java,jar}", path, File::FNM_EXTGLOB) }
 
     ["libxml2", "libxslt"].each do |lib|
       version = dependencies[lib]["version"]
-      archive = File.join("ports", "archives", "#{lib}-#{version}.tar.gz")
-      add_file_to_gem archive
+      archive = Dir.glob(File.join("ports", "archives", "#{lib}-#{version}.tar.*")).first
+      add_file_to_gem(archive)
 
       patchesdir = File.join("patches", lib)
-      patches = `#{['git', 'ls-files', patchesdir].shelljoin}`.split("\n").grep(/\.patch\z/)
+      patches = %x(#{["git", "ls-files", patchesdir].shelljoin}).split("\n").grep(/\.patch\z/)
       patches.each { |patch| add_file_to_gem patch }
 
-      untracked = Dir[File.join(patchesdir, '*.patch')] - patches
+      untracked = Dir[File.join(patchesdir, "*.patch")] - patches
       at_exit do
         untracked.each { |patch| puts "** WARNING: untracked patch file not added to gem: #{patch}" }
       end
     end
   end
 
-  Rake::ExtensionTask.new("nokogiri", NOKOGIRI_SPEC) do |ext|
-    ext.gem_spec.files.reject! { |f| f =~ %r{\.(java|jar)$} }
+  Rake::ExtensionTask.new("nokogiri", NOKOGIRI_SPEC.dup) do |ext|
+    ext.source_pattern = "*.{c,cc,cpp,h}"
+    ext.gem_spec.files.reject! { |path| File.fnmatch?("**/*.{java,jar}", path, File::FNM_EXTGLOB) }
 
-    ext.lib_dir = File.join(*['lib', 'nokogiri', ENV['FAT_DIR']].compact)
-    ext.config_options << ENV['EXTOPTS']
+    ext.lib_dir = File.join(*["lib", "nokogiri", ENV["FAT_DIR"]].compact)
+    ext.config_options << ENV["EXTOPTS"]
     ext.cross_compile  = true
     ext.cross_platform = CROSS_RUBIES.map(&:platform).uniq
     ext.cross_config_options << "--enable-cross-build"
     ext.cross_compiling do |spec|
-      spec.files.reject! { |path| File.fnmatch?('ports/*', path) }
-      spec.dependencies.reject! { |dep| dep.name=='mini_portile2' }
+      spec.files.reject! { |path| File.fnmatch?("ports/*", path) }
+      spec.files.reject! { |path| File.fnmatch?("gumbo-parser/**/*", path) }
+      spec.dependencies.reject! { |dep| dep.name == "mini_portile2" }
+
+      # I would like rake-compiler to do this, but can't quite figure it out right now
+      supported_rubies = CROSS_RUBIES.select { |c| spec.platform =~ c.platform }
+        .map { |c| Gem::Version.new(c.ver) }
+        .sort
+      spec.required_ruby_version = [
+        ">= #{supported_rubies.first.to_s.split(".").take(2).join(".")}",
+        "< #{supported_rubies.last.to_s.split(".").take(2).join(".").succ}.dev",
+      ]
 
       # when pre-compiling a native gem, package all the C headers sitting in ext/nokogiri/include
       # which were copied there in the $INSTALLFILES section of extconf.rb.
diff --git a/rakelib/format.rake b/rakelib/format.rake
index 9ed8542bef..f785888f2b 100644
--- a/rakelib/format.rake
+++ b/rakelib/format.rake
@@ -1,66 +1,82 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-namespace "format" do
-  def assert_astyle
-    require "mkmf"
-    find_executable("astyle") || raise("Could not find command 'astyle'")
-  end
 
-  def astyle_args
-    # See http://astyle.sourceforge.net/astyle.html
-    # These choices are just what I happen to like,
-    # but I'm the one writing most of the code these days, so ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
-    [
-      # indentation
-      "--indent=spaces=2",
-
-      # brackets
-      "--style=1tbs",
-      "--keep-one-line-blocks",
-
-      # where do we want spaces
-      "--unpad-paren",
-      "--pad-header",
-      "--pad-oper",
-      "--pad-comma",
-
-      # "void *pointer" and not "void* pointer"
-      "--align-pointer=name",
-
-      # function definitions and declarations
-      "--break-return-type",
-      "--attach-return-type-decl",
-
-      # gotta set a limit somewhere
-      "--max-code-length=120",
-    ]
-  end
+module AstyleHelper
+  class << self
+    def run(files)
+      assert
+      command = ["astyle", args, files].flatten.shelljoin
+      system(command)
+    end
 
-  def astyle_c_files
-    FileList.new("ext/nokogiri/*.[ch]")
-  end
+    def assert
+      require "mkmf"
+      find_executable0("astyle") || raise("Could not find command 'astyle'")
+    end
+
+    def args
+      # See http://astyle.sourceforge.net/astyle.html
+      # These choices are just what I happen to like,
+      # but I'm the one writing most of the code these days, so ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
+      [
+        # indentation
+        "--indent=spaces=2",
+        "--indent-switches",
+
+        # brackets
+        "--style=1tbs",
+        "--keep-one-line-blocks",
+
+        # where do we want spaces
+        "--unpad-paren",
+        "--pad-header",
+        "--pad-oper",
+        "--pad-comma",
+
+        # "void *pointer" and not "void* pointer"
+        "--align-pointer=name",
 
-  def astyle_java_files
-    FileList.new("ext/java/nokogiri/**/*.java")
+        # function definitions and declarations
+        "--break-return-type",
+        "--attach-return-type-decl",
+
+        # gotta set a limit somewhere
+        "--max-code-length=120",
+
+        # be quiet about files that haven't changed
+        "--formatted",
+        "--verbose",
+      ]
+    end
+
+    def c_files
+      NOKOGIRI_SPEC.files.grep(%r{ext/nokogiri/.*\.[ch]\Z})
+    end
+
+    def java_files
+      NOKOGIRI_SPEC.files.grep(%r{ext/java/.*\.java\Z})
+    end
   end
+end
 
+namespace "format" do
   desc "Format Nokogiri's C code"
   task "c" do
-    assert_astyle
-    command = ["astyle", astyle_args, astyle_c_files].flatten.shelljoin
-    system(command)
+    puts "Running astyle on C files ..."
+    AstyleHelper.run(AstyleHelper.c_files)
   end
 
   desc "Format Nokogiri's Java code"
   task "java" do
-    assert_astyle
-    command = ["astyle", astyle_args, astyle_java_files].flatten.shelljoin
-    system(command)
+    puts "Running astyle on Java files ..."
+    AstyleHelper.run(AstyleHelper.java_files)
   end
 
-  CLEAN.add(astyle_c_files.map { |f| "#{f}.orig" })
-  CLEAN.add(astyle_java_files.map { |f| "#{f}.orig" })
-  CLEAN.add("mkmf.log") # because of find_executable
+  desc "Format Nokogiri's Ruby code"
+  task "ruby" => "rubocop:check:auto_correct"
+
+  CLEAN.add(AstyleHelper.c_files.map { |f| "#{f}.orig" })
+  CLEAN.add(AstyleHelper.java_files.map { |f| "#{f}.orig" })
 end
 
-task "format" => ["format:c", "format:java"]
+task "format" => ["format:c", "format:java", "format:ruby"]
diff --git a/rakelib/gumbo.rake b/rakelib/gumbo.rake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f574c2697c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rakelib/gumbo.rake
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+namespace "gumbo" do
+  gtest_pkg = "gumbo-parser/googletest"
+  gtest_lib = File.join(gtest_pkg, "make/gtest_main.a")
+
+  file gtest_lib => gtest_pkg do
+    sh("make -C gumbo-parser/googletest/make gtest_main.a")
+  end
+
+  file gtest_pkg do
+    sh(<<~EOF)
+      curl -L https://github.com/google/googletest/archive/release-1.8.0.tar.gz | \
+        tar zxf - --strip-components 1 -C gumbo-parser googletest-release-1.8.0/googletest
+    EOF
+  end
+
+  desc "Run the gumbo parser test suite"
+  task "test" => gtest_lib do
+    sh("make -j2 -C gumbo-parser")
+  end
+
+  desc "Clean up after the gumbo parser test suite"
+  task "clean" do
+    sh("make -j2 -C gumbo-parser clean")
+  end
+
+  CLOBBER.add(gtest_pkg)
+end
+
+desc "Run the gumbo parser test suite"
+task "gumbo" => "gumbo:test"
+
+task "clean" => "gumbo:clean" # rubocop:disable Rake/Desc
diff --git a/rakelib/markdown.rake b/rakelib/markdown.rake
index d922599e99..135ab15599 100644
--- a/rakelib/markdown.rake
+++ b/rakelib/markdown.rake
@@ -1,2 +1,6 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "hoe/markdown"
 Hoe::Markdown::Standalone.new("nokogiri").define_markdown_tasks("CHANGELOG.md", "CONTRIBUTING.md")
+
+task "format" => ["markdown:linkify"]
diff --git a/rakelib/package.rake b/rakelib/package.rake
index dbe284fa9f..ce5336dfcc 100644
--- a/rakelib/package.rake
+++ b/rakelib/package.rake
@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "rubygems/package_task"
 Gem::PackageTask.new(NOKOGIRI_SPEC).define
diff --git a/rakelib/rdoc.rake b/rakelib/rdoc.rake
index e4e6a41cd1..f059771e33 100644
--- a/rakelib/rdoc.rake
+++ b/rakelib/rdoc.rake
@@ -1,4 +1,15 @@
-require "yard"
-YARD::Rake::YardocTask.new("doc") # options are set in .yardopts
-CLEAN.add("doc")
-CLOBBER.add(".yardoc")
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "rdoc/task"
+RDoc::Task.new(rdoc: "rdoc", clobber_rdoc: "rdoc:clean", rerdoc: "rdoc:force") do |rdoc|
+  rdoc.rdoc_dir = ENV["RDOC_DIR"] || "html"
+  rdoc.rdoc_files
+    .include("README.md", "lib/**/*.rb", "ext/**/*.c")
+    .exclude("ext/nokogiri/test_global_handlers.c")
+  rdoc.options << "--embed-mixins"
+  rdoc.options << "--main=README.md"
+  rdoc.options << "--show-hash"
+  rdoc.options << "--template-stylesheets=misc/rdoc-tweaks.css"
+end
+
+task clean: "rdoc:clean" # rubocop:disable Rake/Desc
diff --git a/rakelib/rubocop.rake b/rakelib/rubocop.rake
index 602bfb28ca..d0326f0b95 100644
--- a/rakelib/rubocop.rake
+++ b/rakelib/rubocop.rake
@@ -1,12 +1,38 @@
-desc "Run rubocop checks"
-task :rubocop => [:rubocop_security, :rubocop_frozen_string_literals]
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
-desc "Run rubocop security check"
-task :rubocop_security do
-  sh "rubocop lib --only Security"
+require "rubocop/rake_task"
+
+module RubocopHelper
+  class << self
+    def common_options(task)
+      task.patterns += [
+        "Gemfile", "Rakefile", "nokogiri.gemspec",
+        "bin", "ext", "lib", "oci-images", "rakelib", "scripts", "test",
+      ]
+    end
+
+    def generated_files(task)
+      task.patterns += ["lib/nokogiri/css/parser.rb", "lib/nokogiri/css/tokenizer.rb"]
+      task.options << "--only=Style/FrozenStringLiteralComment"
+    end
+  end
 end
 
-desc "Run rubocop string literals check"
-task :rubocop_frozen_string_literals do
-  sh "rubocop lib --auto-correct-all --only Style/FrozenStringLiteralComment"
+namespace "rubocop" do
+  desc "Generate the rubocop todo list"
+  RuboCop::RakeTask.new("todo") do |task|
+    RubocopHelper.common_options(task)
+    task.options << "--auto-gen-config"
+  end
+  Rake::Task["rubocop:todo:auto_correct"].clear
+
+  desc "Run all checks on a subset of directories"
+  RuboCop::RakeTask.new("check") { |task| RubocopHelper.common_options(task) }
+  RuboCop::RakeTask.new("check") { |task| RubocopHelper.generated_files(task) }
+
+  desc "Shortcut for rubocop:check:auto_correct"
+  task fix: "rubocop:check:auto_correct"
 end
+
+desc "Shortcut for rubocop:check"
+task rubocop: "rubocop:check"
diff --git a/rakelib/set-version-to-timestamp.rake b/rakelib/set-version-to-timestamp.rake
index 5a028d3d40..9bd34f9a38 100644
--- a/rakelib/set-version-to-timestamp.rake
+++ b/rakelib/set-version-to-timestamp.rake
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 desc "Temporarily set Nokogiri::VERSION to a unique timestamp"
 task "set-version-to-timestamp" do
-  # this task is used by concourse/tasks/gem-test/gem-build.sh
+  # this task is used by scripts/test-gem-build
   # to test building, packaging, and installing a Nokogiri gem
   version_constant_re = /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*["'](.*)["']$/
 
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@ task "set-version-to-timestamp" do
     raise("Could not hack the VERSION constant")
   end
 
-  File.open(version_file_path, "w") { |f| f.write(version_file_contents) }
+  File.write(version_file_path, version_file_contents)
 
   puts "NOTE: wrote version as \"#{fake_version}\""
 end
diff --git a/rakelib/test.rake b/rakelib/test.rake
index b9a64a9743..19a7bd2bc3 100644
--- a/rakelib/test.rake
+++ b/rakelib/test.rake
@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "rake/testtask"
+require "ruby_memcheck"
 
 #
 #  much of this was ripped out of hoe-debugging
@@ -11,22 +14,26 @@ class ValgrindTestTask < Rake::TestTask
                       "--partial-loads-ok=yes",
                       "--undef-value-errors=no",
                       "--error-exitcode=#{ERROR_EXITCODE}",
-                      "--gen-suppressions=all",
-                     ]
+                      "--gen-suppressions=all",]
+
+  RubyMemcheck.config(
+    binary_name: "nokogiri",
+    valgrind_generate_suppressions: true,
+  )
 
   def ruby(*args, **options, &block)
     valgrind_options = check_for_suppression_file(VALGRIND_OPTIONS)
-    command = "ulimit -s unlimited && valgrind #{valgrind_options.join(' ')} #{RUBY} #{args.join(' ')}"
+    command = "ulimit -s unlimited && valgrind #{valgrind_options.join(" ")} #{RUBY} #{args.join(" ")}"
     sh(command, **options, &block)
   end
 
   def formatted_ruby_version
-    engine = if defined?(RUBY_DESCRIPTION) && RUBY_DESCRIPTION =~ /Ruby Enterprise Edition/
-               "ree"
-             else
-               defined?(RUBY_ENGINE) ? RUBY_ENGINE : "ruby"
-             end
-    %Q{#{engine}-#{RUBY_VERSION}.#{RUBY_PATCHLEVEL}}
+    engine = if defined?(RUBY_DESCRIPTION) && RUBY_DESCRIPTION.include?("Ruby Enterprise Edition")
+      "ree"
+    else
+      defined?(RUBY_ENGINE) ? RUBY_ENGINE : "ruby"
+    end
+    %{#{engine}-#{RUBY_VERSION}.#{RUBY_PATCHLEVEL}}
   end
 
   def check_for_suppression_file(options)
@@ -49,24 +56,25 @@ class ValgrindTestTask < Rake::TestTask
   end
 
   def version_matches
-    matches = [formatted_ruby_version]                          # e.g. "ruby-2.5.1.57"
-    matches << formatted_ruby_version.split(".")[0,3].join(".") # e.g. "ruby-2.5.1"
-    matches << formatted_ruby_version.split(".")[0,2].join(".") # e.g. "ruby-2.5"
-    matches << formatted_ruby_version.split(".")[0,1].join(".") # e.g. "ruby-2"
+    matches = [formatted_ruby_version] # e.g. "ruby-2.5.1.57"
+    matches << formatted_ruby_version.split(".")[0, 3].join(".") # e.g. "ruby-2.5.1"
+    matches << formatted_ruby_version.split(".")[0, 2].join(".") # e.g. "ruby-2.5"
+    matches << formatted_ruby_version.split(".")[0, 1].join(".") # e.g. "ruby-2"
+    matches << formatted_ruby_version.split("-").first          # e.g. "ruby"
     matches
   end
 end
 
 class GdbTestTask < ValgrindTestTask
   def ruby(*args, **options, &block)
-    command = "gdb --args #{RUBY} #{args.join(' ')}"
+    command = "gdb --args #{RUBY} #{args.join(" ")}"
     sh(command, **options, &block)
   end
 end
 
 class LldbTestTask < ValgrindTestTask
   def ruby(*args, **options, &block)
-    command = "lldb #{RUBY} -- #{args.join(' ')}"
+    command = "lldb #{RUBY} -- #{args.join(" ")}"
     sh(command, **options, &block)
   end
 end
@@ -75,6 +83,7 @@ def nokogiri_test_task_configuration(t)
   t.libs << "test"
   t.test_files = FileList["test/**/test_*.rb"]
   t.verbose = true
+  t.options = "-v" if ENV["CI"]
 end
 
 Rake::TestTask.new do |t|
@@ -93,4 +102,8 @@ namespace "test" do
   LldbTestTask.new("lldb") do |t|
     nokogiri_test_task_configuration(t)
   end
+
+  RubyMemcheck::TestTask.new("memcheck") do |t|
+    nokogiri_test_task_configuration(t)
+  end
 end
diff --git a/scripts/build-gems b/scripts/build-gems
index b5a0f63d32..7b544866d8 100755
--- a/scripts/build-gems
+++ b/scripts/build-gems
@@ -9,33 +9,42 @@ set -x
 rm -rf tmp pkg gems
 mkdir -p gems
 
+# prelude: let's check that things work
 bundle update
 bundle package
 
-bundle exec rake clean
+bundle exec rake clean clobber
 bundle exec rake compile test
 
 # MRI et al (standard gem)
-bundle exec rake clean
+bundle exec rake clean clobber
 bundle exec rake gem
 cp -v pkg/nokogiri*.gem gems
 
 # jruby
-bundle exec rake clean
+bundle exec rake clean clobber
 bundle exec rake gem:jruby
 cp -v pkg/nokogiri-*java*.gem gems
 
 # precompiled native gems ("fat binary")
-bundle exec rake clean
+bundle update
+bundle package
 
+bundle exec rake clean clobber
 bundle exec rake gem:windows
 cp -v pkg/nokogiri-*mingw*.gem gems
 
+bundle exec rake clean clobber
 bundle exec rake gem:linux
 cp -v pkg/nokogiri-*linux*.gem gems
 
+bundle exec rake clean clobber
 bundle exec rake gem:darwin
 cp -v pkg/nokogiri-*darwin*.gem gems
 
 # test those gem files!
 $(dirname $0)/test-gem-set gems/*.gem
+
+pushd gems
+  ls *.gem | sort | xargs sha256sum
+popd
diff --git a/scripts/files-modified-by-open-prs b/scripts/files-modified-by-open-prs
index 2f958c0ab2..19a2c404b0 100755
--- a/scripts/files-modified-by-open-prs
+++ b/scripts/files-modified-by-open-prs
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 #! /usr/bin/env ruby
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #
 #  script to see what PRs, if any, are operating on a file that I care about.
 #  yes, this is a smell. we shouldn't have long-lived PRs, but alas here we are.
@@ -13,37 +15,37 @@ end
 require "git_diff"
 require "set"
 
-gh = `which gh 2> /dev/null`.strip
+gh = %x(which gh 2> /dev/null).strip
 if gh.empty?
   puts "Please install the github CLI at https://cli.github.com/"
   exit 1
 end
 
-def get command
+def get(command)
   puts "> #{command}"
-  output = `#{command}`
+  output = %x(#{command})
   output
 end
 
 def get_paths_from_a_diff(diff)
-  re = /^(?:---|\+\+\+) [ab]\/(.*)$/
-  diff.split("\n").grep(re).map {|line| line.sub(re, '\1') }.uniq
+  re = %r{^(?:---|\+\+\+) [ab]/(.*)$}
+  diff.split("\n").grep(re).map { |line| line.sub(re, '\1') }.uniq
 end
 
 prs = get("gh pr list").split("\n")
 
-paths_to_prs = Hash.new { |h,k| h[k] = Set.new }
+paths_to_prs = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = Set.new }
 
 prs.each do |pr|
   pr_number, *pr_desc = pr.split(/\s+/)
   pr_desc = pr_desc.join(" ")
 
   diff = get("gh pr diff #{pr_number}")
-  diff_data = GitDiff::from_string(diff)
+  diff_data = GitDiff.from_string(diff)
 
   relevant_files = diff_data.files.map(&:b_path)
 
-  if relevant_files.length > 0
+  unless relevant_files.empty?
     puts "PR #{pr_number}: #{pr_desc}"
     relevant_files.sort.each do |file|
       puts "- #{file}"
diff --git a/scripts/generate-html5-entities b/scripts/generate-html5-entities
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..b1a13f8817
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/generate-html5-entities
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+# Copyright 2018 Stephen Checkoway
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# The output of this script should be compiled with ragel 6.10 which is the
+# current stable version. Version 7 changes some stuff but what, precisely,
+# isn't documented yet.
+
+require "psych"
+require "open-uri"
+
+ENTITIES_URL = "https://html.spec.whatwg.org/entities.json"
+ACCEPTABLE_CODEPOINTS_LENGTHS = [1, 2]
+
+# Modify the json to remove the characters item because it contains surrogate
+# pairs that Psych errors on.
+entities = URI.parse(ENTITIES_URL).read
+entities.gsub!(/, "characters"[^}]*/, "")
+entities = Psych.safe_load(entities)
+
+without_semicolon = {}
+with_semicolon = {}
+entities.each do |key, val|
+  if key.end_with?(";")
+    with_semicolon[key[1..-1]] = val["codepoints"]
+  else
+    without_semicolon[key[1..-1]] = val["codepoints"]
+  end
+end
+
+without_semicolon.each do |entity, codepoints|
+  unless ACCEPTABLE_CODEPOINTS_LENGTHS.include?(codepoints.length)
+    puts "#{entity} has the wrong number of codepoints"
+  end
+  with = "#{entity};"
+  unless with_semicolon.key?(with)
+    puts("#{entity} but not #{with}")
+    next
+  end
+  if codepoints != with_semicolon[with]
+    puts("#{entity} and #{with} have different codepoints!")
+  end
+end
+
+puts(<<~EOF)
+  // Generated from <#{ENTITIES_URL}> by entities.rb
+  #include "char_ref.h"
+  %%{
+  machine named_char_ref;
+  named_char_ref := |*
+EOF
+with_semicolon.each do |entity, codepoints|
+  without = entity.chop
+  pattern = if without_semicolon.key?(without)
+    "'#{without}' . ';'?"
+  else
+    "'#{entity}'"
+  end
+  code = codepoints.map.with_index { |cp, idx| format("output[%d]=%#04x", idx, cp) }
+  puts("  #{pattern} => {#{code.join("; ")}; fbreak;};")
+end
+puts(<<~EOF)
+  *|;
+  write data noerror nofinal noentry noprefix;
+  }%%
+
+  size_t match_named_char_ref (
+    const char *str,
+    size_t size,
+    int output[2]
+  ) {
+    int cs;
+    int act;
+    const char *p = str;
+    const char *pe = str + size;
+    const char *const eof = pe;
+    const char *ts;
+    const char *te;
+    output[0] = output[1] = kGumboNoChar;
+    %% write init;
+    %% write exec;
+    (void)ts;
+    (void)act;
+    size = p - str;
+    return cs >= %%{ write first_final; }%%? size:0;
+  }
+EOF
diff --git a/scripts/test-exported-symbols b/scripts/test-exported-symbols
index 7a0ef44552..61b61fb3b3 100755
--- a/scripts/test-exported-symbols
+++ b/scripts/test-exported-symbols
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 #! /usr/bin/env ruby
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #
 #  examine the nokogiri dll for external symbols that shouldn't be there
 #
@@ -9,13 +11,12 @@
 require "set"
 
 def find_that_file(glob)
-  Dir.glob(glob).first or raise("could not find #{glob}")
+  Dir.glob(glob).first || raise("could not find #{glob}")
 end
 
 def find_symbols(archive, flavor)
-  `nm #{archive}`.split("\n").grep(/ #{flavor} /).inject(Set.new) do |set, line|
+  %x(nm #{archive}).split("\n").grep(/ #{flavor} /).each_with_object(Set.new) do |line, set|
     set.add(line.split(/\s/).last)
-    set
   end
 end
 
@@ -31,17 +32,20 @@ noko_so = find_that_file("lib/**/nokogiri.so")
 libxml2_archive = find_that_file("ports/**/libxml2.a")
 libxslt_archive = find_that_file("ports/**/libxslt.a")
 libexslt_archive = find_that_file("ports/**/libexslt.a")
+libgumbo_archive = find_that_file("tmp/**/libgumbo.a")
 
 symbols = external_symbols(noko_so)
 symbols -= external_symbols(libxml2_archive)
 symbols -= external_symbols(libxslt_archive)
 symbols -= external_symbols(libexslt_archive)
+symbols -= external_symbols(libgumbo_archive)
 
 puts "#{noko_so} exports the following surprising symbols:"
 symbols.to_a.sort.each do |symbol|
   next if symbol == "Init_nokogiri"
-  next if symbol =~ /^Nokogiri_/
-  next if symbol =~ /^noko_/
+  next if /^Nokogiri_/.match?(symbol)
+  next if /^noko_/.match?(symbol)
+
   puts "- #{symbol}"
 end
 
@@ -49,5 +53,5 @@ symbols = local_symbols(noko_so)
 
 puts "#{noko_so} has the following surprising local symbols:"
 symbols.to_a.sort.each do |symbol|
-  puts "- #{symbol}" if symbol =~ /^noko_|^Nokogiri_/
+  puts "- #{symbol}" if /^noko_|^Nokogiri_/.match?(symbol)
 end
diff --git a/scripts/test-gem-build b/scripts/test-gem-build
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..eb241ec539
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/test-gem-build
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env bash
+#
+#  run as part of CI, see gem-install.yml
+#
+if [[ $# -lt 2 ]] ; then
+  echo "usage: $(basename $0) <output_dir> <platform>"
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+set -e
+
+OUTPUT_DIR=$1
+BUILD_NATIVE_GEM=$2
+
+test -e /etc/os-release && cat /etc/os-release
+
+set -u -x
+
+if [[ "${BUILD_NATIVE_GEM}" == "java" ]] ; then
+  # TODO remove after ruby-maven 3.3.13 or later is shipped
+  # see https://github.com/jruby/jruby/issues/6904
+  gem install misc/ruby-maven-*.gem --no-document
+fi
+bundle
+bundle list
+bundle list --paths
+bundle exec rake set-version-to-timestamp
+
+if [[ "${BUILD_NATIVE_GEM}" == "ruby" ]] ; then
+  # TODO we're only compiling so that we retrieve libxml2/libxslt tarballs, we can do better.
+  bundle exec rake clean compile
+  bundle exec rake gem
+elif [[ "${BUILD_NATIVE_GEM}" == "java" ]] ; then
+  bundle exec rake java gem
+else
+  bundle exec rake gem:${BUILD_NATIVE_GEM}:builder
+fi
+
+./scripts/test-gem-file-contents pkg/nokogiri*.gem
+
+mkdir -p ${OUTPUT_DIR}
+cp -v pkg/nokogiri*.gem ${OUTPUT_DIR}
+ls -l ${OUTPUT_DIR}/*
diff --git a/scripts/test-gem-file-contents b/scripts/test-gem-file-contents
index 08bee5ff73..4651b81354 100755
--- a/scripts/test-gem-file-contents
+++ b/scripts/test-gem-file-contents
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #! /usr/bin/env ruby
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #
 #  this script is intended to run as part of the CI test suite.
 #
@@ -27,9 +28,9 @@ def usage_and_exit(message = nil)
 end
 
 usage_and_exit if ARGV.include?("-h")
-usage_and_exit unless gemfile = ARGV[0]
+usage_and_exit unless (gemfile = ARGV[0])
 usage_and_exit("#{gemfile} does not exist") unless File.file?(gemfile)
-usage_and_exit("#{gemfile} is not a gem") unless /\.gem$/.match(gemfile)
+usage_and_exit("#{gemfile} is not a gem") unless /\.gem$/.match?(gemfile)
 gemfile = File.expand_path(gemfile)
 
 gemfile_contents = Dir.mktmpdir do |dir|
@@ -37,6 +38,7 @@ gemfile_contents = Dir.mktmpdir do |dir|
     unless system("tar -xf #{gemfile} data.tar.gz")
       raise "could not unpack gem #{gemfile}"
     end
+
     %x(tar -ztf data.tar.gz).split("\n")
   end
 end
@@ -46,7 +48,8 @@ gemspec = Dir.mktmpdir do |dir|
     unless system("tar -xf #{gemfile} metadata.gz")
       raise "could not unpack gem #{gemfile}"
     end
-    YAML.load(%x(gunzip -c metadata.gz))
+
+    YAML.safe_load(%x(gunzip -c metadata.gz), permitted_classes: [Gem::Specification, Gem::Version, Gem::Dependency, Gem::Requirement, Time, Symbol])
   end
 end
 
@@ -66,9 +69,20 @@ Minitest::Reporters.use!([Minitest::Reporters::SpecReporter.new])
 puts "Testing '#{gemfile}' (#{gemspec.platform})"
 describe File.basename(gemfile) do
   let(:cross_rubies_path) { File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "..", ".cross_rubies") }
-  let(:native_ruby_versions) do
+
+  let(:platform_supported_ruby_versions) do
     File.read(cross_rubies_path).split("\n").map do |line|
-      line.split(":").first.split(".").take(2).join(".") # ugh
+      ver, plat = line.split(":")
+      next if plat != gemspec.platform.to_s
+
+      ver.split(".").take(2).join(".") # ugh
+    end.compact.uniq.sort
+  end
+
+  let(:all_supported_ruby_versions) do
+    File.read(cross_rubies_path).split("\n").map do |line|
+      ver, _ = line.split(":")
+      ver.split(".").take(2).join(".") # ugh
     end.uniq.sort
   end
 
@@ -78,7 +92,7 @@ describe File.basename(gemfile) do
       assert_operator(actual, :>, 60, "expected gemfile to contain more than #{actual} files")
     end
 
-    it "gemspec is a Gem::Specfication" do
+    it "gemspec is a Gem::Specification" do
       assert_equal(Gem::Specification, gemspec.class)
     end
   end
@@ -93,12 +107,25 @@ describe File.basename(gemfile) do
   end
 
   describe "ruby platform" do
+    it "depends on mini_portile2" do
+      assert(gemspec.dependencies.find { |d| d.name == "mini_portile2" })
+    end
+
+    it "contains ext/nokogiri C and header files" do
+      assert_operator(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^ext/nokogiri/.*\.c}).length, :>, 20)
+      assert_operator(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^ext/nokogiri/.*\.h}).length, :>, 0)
+    end
+
+    it "includes C files in extra_rdoc_files" do
+      assert_operator(gemspec.extra_rdoc_files.grep(%r{ext/nokogiri/.*\.c$}).length, :>, 10)
+    end
+
     it "contains the port files" do
       actual_ports = gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^ports/})
-      assert_equal(1, actual_ports.grep(/libxml2-\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.tar\.gz/).length,
-                   "expected #{actual_ports} to include libxml2")
-      assert_equal(1, actual_ports.grep(/libxslt-\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.tar\.gz/).length,
-                   "expected #{actual_ports} to include libxslt")
+      assert_equal(1, actual_ports.grep(/libxml2-\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.tar\.[gx]z/).length,
+        "expected #{actual_ports} to include libxml2")
+      assert_equal(1, actual_ports.grep(/libxslt-\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.tar\.[gx]z/).length,
+        "expected #{actual_ports} to include libxslt")
       assert_equal(2, actual_ports.length)
     end
 
@@ -106,31 +133,37 @@ describe File.basename(gemfile) do
       assert_operator(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^patches/}).length, :>, 0)
     end
 
-    it "contains ext/nokogiri C and header files" do
-      assert_operator(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^ext/nokogiri/.*\.c}).length, :>, 20)
-      assert_operator(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^ext/nokogiri/.*\.h}).length, :>, 0)
-    end
-
     it "does not contain packaged libraries' header files" do
       # these files are present after installation if the packaged libraries are used
       assert_empty(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^ext/nokogiri/include/}))
     end
 
+    it "contains the gumbo parser source code" do
+      assert_includes(gemfile_contents, "gumbo-parser/src/Makefile")
+      assert_operator(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^gumbo-parser/src/.*\.c}).length, :>, 10)
+      assert_operator(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^gumbo-parser/src/.*\.h}).length, :>, 10)
+    end
+
     it "does not contain java files" do
       assert_empty(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^ext/java/}))
       assert_empty(gemfile_contents.grep(/.*\.jar$/))
     end
+  end if gemspec.platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY
 
-    it "depends on mini_portile2" do
-      assert(gemspec.dependencies.find { |d| d.name == "mini_portile2" })
+  describe "native platform" do
+    it "does not depend on mini_portile2" do
+      refute(gemspec.dependencies.find { |d| d.name == "mini_portile2" })
+    end
+
+    it "contains ext/nokogiri C and header files" do
+      assert_operator(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^ext/nokogiri/.*\.c}).length, :>, 20)
+      assert_operator(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^ext/nokogiri/.*\.h}).length, :>, 20)
     end
 
     it "includes C files in extra_rdoc_files" do
       assert_operator(gemspec.extra_rdoc_files.grep(%r{ext/nokogiri/.*\.c$}).length, :>, 10)
     end
-  end if gemspec.platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY
 
-  describe "native platform" do
     it "does not contain the port files" do
       assert_empty(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^ports/}))
     end
@@ -139,32 +172,23 @@ describe File.basename(gemfile) do
       assert_empty(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^patches/}))
     end
 
-    it "contains ext/nokogiri C and header files" do
-      assert_operator(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^ext/nokogiri/.*\.c}).length, :>, 20)
-      assert_operator(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^ext/nokogiri/.*\.h}).length, :>, 20)
-    end
-
     it "contains packaged libraries' header files" do
       assert_includes(gemfile_contents, "ext/nokogiri/include/libxml2/libxml/tree.h")
       assert_includes(gemfile_contents, "ext/nokogiri/include/libxslt/xslt.h")
       assert_includes(gemfile_contents, "ext/nokogiri/include/libexslt/exslt.h")
     end
 
+    it "does not contain the gumbo parser source code" do
+      assert_empty(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^gumbo-parser/src/}))
+    end
+
     it "does not contain java files" do
       assert_empty(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^ext/java/}))
       assert_empty(gemfile_contents.grep(/.*\.jar$/))
     end
 
-    it "does not depend on mini_portile2" do
-      refute(gemspec.dependencies.find { |d| d.name == "mini_portile2" })
-    end
-
-    it "includes C files in extra_rdoc_files" do
-      assert_operator(gemspec.extra_rdoc_files.grep(%r{ext/nokogiri/.*\.c$}).length, :>, 10)
-    end
-
     it "contains expected shared library files " do
-      native_ruby_versions.each do |version|
+      platform_supported_ruby_versions.each do |version|
         actual = gemfile_contents.find do |p|
           File.fnmatch?("lib/nokogiri/#{version}/nokogiri.{so,bundle}", p, File::FNM_EXTGLOB)
         end
@@ -179,20 +203,37 @@ describe File.basename(gemfile) do
       actual = gemfile_contents.find_all do |p|
         File.fnmatch?("lib/nokogiri/**/*.{so,bundle}", p, File::FNM_EXTGLOB)
       end
-      assert_equal(native_ruby_versions.length, actual.length, "did not expect extra shared library files")
+      assert_equal(
+        platform_supported_ruby_versions.length,
+        actual.length,
+        "did not expect extra shared library files",
+      )
     end
-  end if gemspec.platform.is_a?(Gem::Platform) && gemspec.platform.cpu
 
-  describe "java platform" do
-    it "does not contain the port files" do
-      assert_empty(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^ports/}))
+    it "sets required_ruby_version appropriately" do
+      unsupported_versions = all_supported_ruby_versions - platform_supported_ruby_versions
+      platform_supported_ruby_versions.each do |v|
+        assert(
+          gemspec.required_ruby_version.satisfied_by?(Gem::Version.new(v)),
+          "required_ruby_version='#{gemspec.required_ruby_version}' should support ruby #{v}",
+        )
+      end
+      unsupported_versions.each do |v|
+        refute(
+          gemspec.required_ruby_version.satisfied_by?(Gem::Version.new(v)),
+          "required_ruby_version='#{gemspec.required_ruby_version}' should not support ruby #{v}",
+        )
+      end
     end
+  end if gemspec.platform.is_a?(Gem::Platform) && gemspec.platform.cpu
 
-    it "does not contain the patch files" do
-      assert_empty(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^patches/}))
+  describe "java platform" do
+    it "does not depend on mini_portile2" do
+      refute(gemspec.dependencies.find { |d| d.name == "mini_portile2" })
     end
 
     it "contains ext/nokogiri C files" do
+      # NOTE: we keep the C files because they have docstrings and Java files don't
       assert_operator(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^ext/nokogiri/.*\.c}).length, :>, 20)
     end
 
@@ -200,10 +241,30 @@ describe File.basename(gemfile) do
       assert_empty(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^ext/nokogiri/.*\.h}))
     end
 
+    it "includes C files in extra_rdoc_files" do
+      assert_operator(gemspec.extra_rdoc_files.grep(%r{ext/nokogiri/.*\.c$}).length, :>, 10)
+    end
+
+    it "does not contain the port files" do
+      assert_empty(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^ports/}))
+    end
+
+    it "does not contain the patch files" do
+      assert_empty(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^patches/}))
+    end
+
     it "does not contain packaged libraries' header files" do
       assert_empty(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^ext/nokogiri/include/}))
     end
 
+    it "does not contain the gumbo parser source code" do
+      assert_empty(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^gumbo-parser/src/}))
+    end
+
+    it "contains java source files" do
+      assert_operator(gemfile_contents.grep(%r{^ext/java/.*\.java}).length, :>, 20)
+    end
+
     it "contains the java jar files" do
       actual_jars = gemfile_contents.grep(/.*\.jar$/)
       expected_jars = [
@@ -221,9 +282,5 @@ describe File.basename(gemfile) do
         assert_equal(1, actual_jars.grep(%r{/#{jar}\.jar$}).length, "expected to contain #{jar}.jar")
       end
     end
-
-    it "does not depend on mini_portile2" do
-      refute(gemspec.dependencies.find { |d| d.name == "mini_portile2" })
-    end
   end if gemspec.platform == Gem::Platform.new("java")
 end
diff --git a/scripts/test-gem-install b/scripts/test-gem-install
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..cce7717d0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/test-gem-install
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env bash
+#
+#  run as part of CI, see gem-install.yml
+#
+if [[ $# -lt 1 ]] ; then
+  echo "usage: $(basename $0) <gems_dir> [install_flags]"
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+GEMS_DIR=$1
+shift
+INSTALL_FLAGS=$*
+
+test -e /etc/os-release && cat /etc/os-release
+
+set -e -x -u
+
+pushd $GEMS_DIR
+
+  gemfile=$(ls *.gem | head -n1)
+  ls -l ${gemfile}
+  gem install --no-document ${gemfile} -- ${INSTALL_FLAGS}
+  gem list -d nokogiri
+  nokogiri -v
+
+popd
+
+if [ -n "${BUNDLE_APP_CONFIG:-}" ] ; then
+  export BUNDLE_CACHE_PATH="${BUNDLE_APP_CONFIG}/cache"
+fi
+
+gem install bundler -v "~> 2.2"
+bundle install --local || bundle install
+
+rm -rf lib ext # ensure we don't use the local files
+rake test
+
+./scripts/test-gem-installation
+
+# delete the Gemfile because that's confusing to older versions of rubygems (e.g., bionic32)
+rm -f Gemfile Gemfile.lock
+./scripts/test-nokogumbo-compatibility 2.0.4
+./scripts/test-nokogumbo-compatibility 2.0.5
diff --git a/scripts/test-gem-installation b/scripts/test-gem-installation
index d2b64bdcc5..b89ff9bd3a 100755
--- a/scripts/test-gem-installation
+++ b/scripts/test-gem-installation
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #! /usr/bin/env ruby
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #
 #  this script is intended to run as part of the CI test suite.
 #
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@
 # this line needs to come before the bundler bit, to assert that we're running against an
 # already-installed version (and not some other version that bundler/inline might install if it came
 # first)
-gemspec = Gem::Specification.find_by_name('nokogiri')
+gemspec = Gem::Specification.find_all_by_name("nokogiri").sort_by(&:version).last
 raise "could not find installed gem" unless gemspec
 
 require "bundler/inline"
@@ -25,8 +26,8 @@ gemfile do
   gem "nokogiri"
 end
 
-require 'nokogiri'
-require 'yaml'
+require "nokogiri"
+require "yaml"
 
 if ARGV.include?("-v")
   puts "---------- Nokogiri version info ----------"
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ describe gemspec.full_name do
     it "installs nokogiri headers" do
       nokogiri_header_files.each do |header|
         assert(File.file?(File.join(nokogiri_ext_dir, header)),
-               "expected #{header} to be installed in #{nokogiri_ext_dir}")
+          "expected #{header} to be installed in #{nokogiri_ext_dir}")
 
         found = false
         headers_dirs.each do |header_dir|
@@ -90,13 +91,13 @@ describe gemspec.full_name do
           # this is for nokogumbo and shouldn't be forever
           it "declares where headers are installed" do
             assert_equal(nokogiri_ext_dir, Nokogiri::VERSION_INFO["libxml"]["libxml2_path"],
-                         "expected Nokogiri::VERSION_INFO to point to #{nokogiri_ext_dir}")
+              "expected Nokogiri::VERSION_INFO to point to #{nokogiri_ext_dir}")
           end
 
           it "installs packaged libraries' headers" do
             packaged_library_header_files.each do |header|
               assert(File.file?(File.join(nokogiri_include_dir, header)),
-                     "expected #{header} to be installed in #{nokogiri_include_dir}")
+                "expected #{header} to be installed in #{nokogiri_include_dir}")
             end
           end
         end
@@ -113,7 +114,7 @@ describe gemspec.full_name do
 
         it "has ldflags pointing to the shared object file" do
           ldflags = Nokogiri::VERSION_INFO["nokogiri"]["ldflags"]
-          if ::RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /mingw|mswin/
+          if ::RUBY_PLATFORM.match?(/mingw|mswin/)
             if gemspec.platform.cpu
               assert_includes(ldflags, "-L#{File.join(nokogiri_lib_dir, ruby_maj_min)}")
             else
diff --git a/scripts/test-gem-set b/scripts/test-gem-set
index 253a792d44..523cb36aa8 100755
--- a/scripts/test-gem-set
+++ b/scripts/test-gem-set
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 #  - test-gem-file-contents
 #  - conditionally, if the local system can do it, test-gem-installation
 #
-source "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm"
+eval "$(rbenv init - bash)"
 
 set -o errexit
 set -o pipefail
@@ -18,9 +18,10 @@ function remove_all_nokogiris {
 function install_and_test {
   gem=$1
   if [[ $gem =~ "java" ]] ; then
-    rvm use jruby
+    jruby_version=$(rbenv versions --bare | fgrep jruby | sort | tail -1)
+    rbenv shell ${jruby_version}
   else
-    rvm use default
+    rbenv shell --unset
   fi
   remove_all_nokogiris
   gem install --local $gem
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ function install_and_test {
 
 gems=$*
 
-rvm use default
+rbenv shell --unset
 
 for gem in $gems ; do
   ./scripts/test-gem-file-contents $gem
diff --git a/scripts/test-nokogumbo-compatibility b/scripts/test-nokogumbo-compatibility
index 3c57b31df7..f8dddf55ee 100755
--- a/scripts/test-nokogumbo-compatibility
+++ b/scripts/test-nokogumbo-compatibility
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #! /usr/bin/env ruby
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #
 #  this script is intended to run as part of the CI test suite.
 #
@@ -9,31 +10,44 @@
 #  installed gem (and not against the source code or behavior of the gem itself).
 #
 
-if RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /java/
+if RUBY_PLATFORM.include?("java")
   puts "Skip: Nokogumbo does not support JRuby"
   exit 0
 end
 
+if Gem::Requirement.new(">= 3.2.0").satisfied_by?(Gem::Version.new(RUBY_VERSION))
+  puts "Skip: Nokogumbo does not support Ruby #{RUBY_VERSION}"
+  exit 0
+end
+
 # this line needs to come before the bundler bit, to assert that we're running against an
 # already-installed version (and not some other version that bundler/inline might install if it came
 # first)
-gemspec = Gem::Specification.find_by_name('nokogiri')
+gemspec = Gem::Specification.find_all_by_name("nokogiri").sort_by(&:version).last
 raise "could not find installed gem" unless gemspec
 
 require "bundler/inline"
 
+nokogumbo_version = if /\d+\.\d+\.\d+/.match?(ARGV[0])
+  ARGV[0]
+end
+
 gemfile(true) do
   source "https://rubygems.org"
   gem "minitest"
   gem "minitest-reporters"
   gem "nokogiri", "=#{gemspec.version}"
-  gem "nokogumbo"
+  if nokogumbo_version
+    gem "nokogumbo", "=#{nokogumbo_version}"
+  else
+    gem "nokogumbo"
+  end
 end
 
-nokogumbo_gemspec = Gem::Specification.find_by_name('nokogumbo')
+nokogumbo_gemspec = Gem::Specification.find_by_name("nokogumbo")
 
-require 'nokogumbo'
-require 'yaml'
+require "nokogumbo"
+require "yaml"
 
 if ARGV.include?("-v")
   puts "---------- Nokogiri version info ----------"
@@ -54,6 +68,8 @@ Minitest::Reporters.use!([Minitest::Reporters::SpecReporter.new])
 puts "Testing #{gemspec.full_name} installed in #{gemspec.base_dir}"
 describe gemspec.full_name do
   it "works" do
-    assert(Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.parse("<div>ahoy</div>"))
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.parse("<div>ahoy</div>")
+    assert(doc)
+    assert_equal("ahoy", doc.at_css("/html/body/div").text)
   end
 end
diff --git a/suppressions/nokogiri_ruby-2.7.supp b/suppressions/nokogiri_ruby-2.7.supp
index 3f39d32611..34d8d1cacc 100644
--- a/suppressions/nokogiri_ruby-2.7.supp
+++ b/suppressions/nokogiri_ruby-2.7.supp
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
    ruby 2.7 startup
    Memcheck:Addr4
    fun:iseq_peephole_optimize
-   fun:iseq_optimize
+   fun:iseq_optimize*
    fun:iseq_setup_insn
    fun:iseq_setup_insn
    fun:rb_iseq_compile_node
diff --git a/suppressions/nokogiri_ruby-3.1.supp b/suppressions/nokogiri_ruby-3.1.supp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..351a358f69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/suppressions/nokogiri_ruby-3.1.supp
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+{
+   ruby 3.1 startup
+   Memcheck:Addr4
+   fun:iseq_peephole_optimize
+   fun:iseq_optimize*
+   fun:iseq_setup_insn
+   fun:iseq_setup_insn
+   fun:rb_iseq_compile_node
+   fun:rb_iseq_new_with_opt
+   fun:new_child_iseq
+   ... 
+   # fun:iseq_compile_each0
+   # fun:iseq_compile_each
+   # fun:iseq_compile_each0
+   # fun:iseq_compile_each.constprop.1
+   # fun:rb_iseq_compile_node
+   # fun:rb_iseq_new_with_opt
+   # fun:new_child_iseq
+   # fun:iseq_compile_each0
+   # fun:iseq_compile_each
+   # fun:iseq_compile_each0
+   # fun:iseq_compile_each.constprop.1
+   # fun:rb_iseq_compile_node
+   # fun:rb_iseq_new_with_opt
+   # fun:rb_iseq_new_top
+   # fun:load_iseq_eval
+   # fun:require_internal
+   # fun:rb_require_string
+   # fun:vm_call_cfunc_with_frame
+   # fun:vm_sendish
+   # fun:vm_exec_core
+   # fun:rb_vm_exec
+   # fun:load_iseq_eval
+   # fun:require_internal
+   # fun:rb_require_string
+   # fun:vm_call_cfunc_with_frame
+   # fun:vm_call_method_each_type
+   # fun:vm_call_alias
+   # fun:vm_sendish
+   # fun:vm_exec_core
+   # fun:rb_vm_exec
+   # fun:load_iseq_eval
+   # fun:require_internal
+   # fun:rb_require_string
+   # fun:vm_call_cfunc_with_frame
+   # fun:vm_call_method_each_type
+   # fun:vm_call_alias
+   # fun:vm_sendish
+   # fun:vm_exec_core
+   # fun:rb_vm_exec
+   # fun:load_iseq_eval
+   # fun:require_internal
+   # fun:rb_require_string
+   # fun:vm_call_cfunc_with_frame
+   # fun:vm_call_method_each_type
+   # fun:vm_call_alias
+   # fun:vm_sendish
+   # fun:vm_exec_core
+   # fun:rb_vm_exec
+   # fun:load_iseq_eval
+   # fun:require_internal
+   # fun:rb_require_string
+   # fun:vm_call_cfunc_with_frame
+   # fun:vm_call_method_each_type
+   # fun:vm_call_alias
+   # fun:vm_sendish
+   # fun:vm_exec_core
+   # fun:rb_vm_exec
+}
diff --git a/suppressions/nokogiri_ruby.supp b/suppressions/nokogiri_ruby.supp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f7d3c8b343
--- /dev/null
+++ b/suppressions/nokogiri_ruby.supp
@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+{
+   this should be caught by default suppressions see #2314
+   Memcheck:Addr8
+   fun:strncmp
+   fun:is_dst
+   fun:_dl_dst_*
+   ...
+   fun:_dl_map_object
+   ...
+}
+{
+   this should be caught by default suppressions see #2314
+   Memcheck:Addr16
+   fun:strncmp
+   fun:is_dst
+   fun:_dl_dst_*
+   ...
+   fun:_dl_map_object
+   ...
+}
+{
+  TODO TestHtml5TreeConstructionNoscript01#test_0
+  Memcheck:Leak
+  fun:malloc
+  fun:gumbo_alloc
+  fun:gumbo_strdup
+  fun:handle_markup_declaration_open_state
+  fun:gumbo_lex
+  fun:gumbo_parse_with_options
+  fun:perform_parse
+  fun:parse
+}
+{
+  TODO TestHtml5TreeConstructionNoscript01#test_0
+  Memcheck:Leak
+  fun:malloc
+  fun:gumbo_alloc
+  fun:gumbo_string_buffer_to_string
+  fun:finish_temporary_buffer
+  fun:handle_doctype_name_state
+  fun:gumbo_lex
+  fun:gumbo_parse_with_options
+  fun:perform_parse
+  fun:parse
+}
+{
+  TODO xpath syntax errors raise and don't allow xmlXpathEval to clean up, see #2096 for related work
+  Memcheck:Leak
+  fun:malloc
+  fun:objspace_xmalloc0
+  ...
+  fun:xmlXPathNewParserContext
+  fun:xmlXPathEval
+  fun:evaluate
+}
+{
+  TODO
+  # 4 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 1,070 of 37,883
+  # *xmlStrndup (xmlstring.c:45)
+  # *xmlXPathParseNCName (xpath.c:9792)
+  # *xmlXPathCompStep (xpath.c:11325)
+  # *xmlXPathCompRelativeLocationPath (xpath.c:11437)
+  # *xmlXPathCompLocationPath (xpath.c:11489)
+  # *xmlXPathCompPathExpr (xpath.c:10672)
+  # *xmlXPathCompUnionExpr (xpath.c:10703)
+  # *xmlXPathCompUnaryExpr (xpath.c:10743)
+  # *xmlXPathCompMultiplicativeExpr (xpath.c:10768)
+  # *xmlXPathCompAdditiveExpr (xpath.c:10809)
+  # *xmlXPathCompRelationalExpr (xpath.c:10847)
+  # *xmlXPathCompEqualityExpr (xpath.c:10886)
+  # *xmlXPathCompAndExpr (xpath.c:10917)
+  # *xmlXPathCompileExpr (xpath.c:10955)
+  # *xmlXPathEvalExpr (xpath.c:14423)
+  # *xmlXPathEvalExpr (xpath.c:14405)
+  # *xmlXPathEval (xpath.c:14463)
+  # *evaluate (xml_xpath_context.c:322)
+  Memcheck:Leak
+  fun:malloc
+  fun:objspace_xmalloc0
+  ...
+  fun:xmlStrndup
+  fun:xmlXPathParseNCName
+  ...
+  fun:xmlXPathEval
+  fun:evaluate
+}
+{
+  TODO
+  # 44 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 14,160 of 37,883
+  # *xmlXPathCompOpEval (xpath.c:13197)
+  # *xmlXPathCompOpEval (xpath.c:12947)
+  # *xmlXPathCompOpEvalToBoolean (xpath.c:13589)
+  # *xmlXPathNodeSetFilter (xpath.c:11664)
+  # *xmlXPathNodeCollectAndTest (xpath.c:12492)
+  # *xmlXPathCompOpEval (xpath.c:13105)
+  # *xmlXPathCompOpEval (xpath.c:12947)
+  # *xmlXPathCompOpEval (xpath.c:13353)
+  # *xmlXPathCompOpEval (xpath.c:12947)
+  # *xmlXPathRunEval (xpath.c:13946)
+  # *xmlXPathEval (xpath.c:14463)
+  # *evaluate (xml_xpath_context.c:322)
+  Memcheck:Leak
+  fun:malloc
+  fun:__vasprintf_internal
+  fun:xpath_generic_exception_handler
+  fun:xmlXPathCompOpEval
+  ...
+  fun:xmlXPathEval
+  fun:evaluate
+}
+{
+  TODO
+  # 96 (16 direct, 80 indirect) bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 24,755 of 37,883
+  # *xmlXPathNodeSetCreate (xpath.c:3564)
+  # *xmlXPathNodeCollectAndTest (xpath.c:12201)
+  # *xmlXPathCompOpEval (xpath.c:13105)
+  # *xmlXPathCompOpEval (xpath.c:12947)
+  # *xmlXPathCompOpEval (xpath.c:13353)
+  # *xmlXPathCompOpEval (xpath.c:12947)
+  # *xmlXPathRunEval (xpath.c:13946)
+  # *xmlXPathEval (xpath.c:14463)
+  # *evaluate (xml_xpath_context.c:322)
+  Memcheck:Leak
+  fun:malloc
+  fun:objspace_xmalloc0
+  ...
+  fun:xmlXPathNodeSetCreate
+  fun:xmlXPathNodeCollectAndTest
+  fun:xmlXPathCompOpEval
+  ...
+  fun:xmlXPathEval
+  fun:evaluate
+}
+{
+  TODO
+  # 128 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 26,649 of 37,883
+  # *registr (xslt_stylesheet.c:246)
+  Memcheck:Leak
+  fun:malloc
+  fun:objspace_xmalloc0
+  ...
+  fun:ar_alloc_table
+  fun:rb_hash_aset
+  fun:registr
+}
+{
+  TODO
+  # 240 (120 direct, 120 indirect) bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 28,980 of 37,883
+  # *xmlNewNodeEatName (tree.c:2299)
+  # *xmlNewDocNodeEatName (tree.c:2374)
+  # *xmlSAX2StartElementNs (SAX2.c:2255)
+  # *xmlParseStartTag2 (parser.c:9658)
+  # *xmlParseElementStart (parser.c:10043)
+  # *xmlParseContentInternal (parser.c:9908)
+  # *xmlParseElement (parser.c:9983)
+  # *xmlParseDocument (parser.c:10821)
+  # *xmlDoRead (parser.c:15167)
+  # *read_memory (xml_document.c:331)
+  Memcheck:Leak
+  fun:malloc
+  fun:objspace_xmalloc0
+  ...
+  fun:xmlNewNodeEatName
+  fun:xmlNewDocNodeEatName
+  fun:xmlSAX2StartElementNs
+  fun:xmlParseStartTag2
+  fun:xmlParseElementStart
+  fun:xmlParseContentInternal
+  fun:xmlParseElement
+  fun:xmlParseDocument
+  fun:xmlDoRead
+  fun:read_memory
+}
+{
+  TODO
+  # 1,464 (72 direct, 1,392 indirect) bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 35,525 of 37,883
+  # *xmlXPathWrapNodeSet (xpath.c:4386)
+  # *xmlXPathNodeCollectAndTest (xpath.c:12549)
+  # *xmlXPathCompOpEval (xpath.c:13105)
+  # *xmlXPathCompOpEval (xpath.c:12947)
+  # *xmlXPathCompOpEval (xpath.c:13102)
+  # *xmlXPathCompOpEval (xpath.c:12947)
+  # *xmlXPathCompOpEval (xpath.c:13353)
+  # *xmlXPathCompOpEval (xpath.c:12947)
+  # *xmlXPathRunEval (xpath.c:13946)
+  # *xmlXPathEval (xpath.c:14463)
+  # *evaluate (xml_xpath_context.c:322)
+  Memcheck:Leak
+  fun:malloc
+  fun:objspace_xmalloc0
+  ...
+  fun:xmlXPathWrapNodeSet
+  fun:xmlXPathNodeCollectAndTest
+  ...
+  fun:xmlXPathCompOpEval
+  fun:xmlXPathRunEval
+  fun:xmlXPathEval
+  fun:evaluate
+}
+{
+  triggered by compaction stress test - https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/pull/2579
+  #
+  # 39,848 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 38,618 of 38,681
+  #   realloc (vg_replace_malloc.c:834)
+  #   objspace_xrealloc.constprop.0 (gc.c:11516)
+  #   ary_heap_realloc (array.c:381)
+  #   ary_resize_capa (array.c:461)
+  #   ary_double_capa (array.c:507)
+  #   ary_ensure_room_for_push (array.c:654)
+  #   rb_ary_push (array.c:1311)
+  #  *noko_xml_node_wrap (xml_node.c:2075)
+  #  *noko_xml_node_attrs (xml_node.c:2094)
+  #
+  Memcheck:Leak
+  fun:realloc
+  fun:objspace_xrealloc*
+  fun:ary_heap_realloc
+  ...
+  fun:ary_ensure_room_for_push
+  fun:rb_ary_push
+  fun:noko_xml_node_wrap
+}
+{
+  triggered by compaction stress test - https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/pull/2579
+  #
+  # 52,104 (4,008 direct, 48,096 indirect) bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 38,831 of 38,877
+  #   malloc (vg_replace_malloc.c:307)
+  #   stack_chunk_alloc (gc.c:5917)
+  #   push_mark_stack_chunk (gc.c:5980)
+  #   push_mark_stack (gc.c:6038)
+  #   gc_grey (gc.c:6665)
+  #  *mark (xml_node_set.c:50)
+  #   gc_mark_stacked_objects (gc.c:7071)
+  #   gc_mark_stacked_objects_all (gc.c:7111)
+  #   gc_marks_rest (gc.c:8095)
+  #   gc_marks (gc.c:8151)
+  #   gc_start (gc.c:8967)
+  #
+  Memcheck:Leak
+  fun:malloc
+  fun:stack_chunk_alloc
+  fun:push_mark_stack_chunk
+  fun:push_mark_stack
+  fun:gc_grey
+  ...
+  fun:gc_start
+}
diff --git a/test/css/test_css.rb b/test/css/test_css.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7e96cd3388
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/css/test_css.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "helper"
+
+class TestNokogiriCSS < Nokogiri::TestCase
+  describe ".xpath_for" do
+    it "accepts just a selector" do
+      assert_equal(["//foo"], Nokogiri::CSS.xpath_for("foo"))
+    end
+
+    it "accepts a CSS::XPathVisitor" do
+      Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.without_cache do
+        mock_visitor = Minitest::Mock.new
+        mock_visitor.expect(:accept, "injected-value", [Nokogiri::CSS::Node])
+
+        result = Nokogiri::CSS.xpath_for("foo", visitor: mock_visitor)
+
+        mock_visitor.verify
+        assert_equal(["//injected-value"], result)
+      end
+    end
+
+    it "accepts an options hash" do
+      assert_equal(
+        ["./foo"],
+        Nokogiri::CSS.xpath_for("foo", { prefix: "./", visitor: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor.new }),
+      )
+    end
+
+    it "accepts keyword arguments" do
+      assert_equal(
+        ["./foo"],
+        Nokogiri::CSS.xpath_for("foo", prefix: "./", visitor: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor.new),
+      )
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/test/css/test_css_integration.rb b/test/css/test_css_integration.rb
index bb975cec31..c8a324206f 100644
--- a/test/css/test_css_integration.rb
+++ b/test/css/test_css_integration.rb
@@ -1,357 +1,409 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
-module Nokogiri
-  module CSS
-    class TestCssIntegration < Nokogiri::TestCase
-      def setup
-        super
-        doc = <<~EOF
-          <html>
-            <table>
-              <tr><td>row1 </td></tr>
-              <tr><td>row2 </td></tr>
-              <tr><td>row3 </td></tr>
-              <tr><td>row4 </td></tr>
-              <tr><td>row5 </td></tr>
-              <tr><td>row6 </td></tr>
-              <tr><td>row7 </td></tr>
-              <tr><td>row8 </td></tr>
-              <tr><td>row9 </td></tr>
-              <tr><td>row10 </td></tr>
-              <tr><td>row11 </td></tr>
-              <tr><td>row12 </td></tr>
-              <tr><td>row13 </td></tr>
-              <tr><td>row14 </td></tr>
-            </table>
-            <div>
-              <b>bold1 </b>
-              <i>italic1 </i>
-              <b class="a">bold2 </b>
-              <em class="a">emphasis1 </em>
-              <i>italic2 </i>
-              <p>para1 </p>
-              <b class="a">bold3 </b>
-            </div>
-            <div>
-              <i class="b">italic3 </i>
-              <em>emphasis2 </em>
-              <i class="b">italic4 </i>
-              <em>emphasis3 </em>
-              <i class="c">italic5 </i>
-              <span><i class="b">italic6 </i></span>  
-              <i>italic7 </i>
-            </div>
-            <div>
-              <p>para2 </p>
-              <p>para3 </p>
-            </div>
-            <div>
-              <p>para4 </p>
-            </div>
-            
-            <div>
-              <h2></h2>
-              <h1 class='c'>header1 </h1>
-              <h2></h2>
-            </div>
-            <div>
-              <h1 class='c'>header2 </h1>
-              <h1 class='c'>header3 </h1>
-            </div>
-            <div>
-              <h1 class='c'>header4</h1>
-            </div>
-              
-            <p class='empty'></p>
-            <p class='not-empty'><b></b></p>
-          </html>
-        EOF
-        @parser = Nokogiri.HTML doc
-
-        @nested = Nokogiri.HTML(<<~EOF)
-          <html><body>
-            <div class='unnested direct'>
+class TestNokogiriCssIntegration < Nokogiri::TestCase
+  describe "CSS integration tests" do
+    let(:subject) do
+      subject_class.parse(<<~HTML)
+        <html>
+          <table>
+            <tr><td>row1 </td></tr>
+            <tr><td>row2 </td></tr>
+            <tr><td>row3 </td></tr>
+            <tr><td>row4 </td></tr>
+            <tr><td>row5 </td></tr>
+            <tr><td>row6 </td></tr>
+            <tr><td>row7 </td></tr>
+            <tr><td>row8 </td></tr>
+            <tr><td>row9 </td></tr>
+            <tr><td>row10 </td></tr>
+            <tr><td>row11 </td></tr>
+            <tr><td>row12 </td></tr>
+            <tr><td>row13 </td></tr>
+            <tr><td>row14 </td></tr>
+          </table>
+          <div>
+            <b>bold1 </b>
+            <i>italic1 </i>
+            <b class="a">bold2 </b>
+            <em class="a">emphasis1 </em>
+            <i>italic2 </i>
+            <p>para1 </p>
+            <b class="a">bold3 </b>
+          </div>
+          <div>
+            <i class="b">italic3 </i>
+            <em>emphasis2 </em>
+            <i class="b">italic4 </i>
+            <em>emphasis3 </em>
+            <i class="c">italic5 </i>
+            <span><i class="b">italic6 </i></span>
+            <i>italic7 </i>
+          </div>
+          <div>
+            <p>para2 </p>
+            <p>para3 </p>
+          </div>
+          <div>
+            <p>para4 </p>
+          </div>
+
+          <div>
+            <h2></h2>
+            <h1 class='c'>header1 </h1>
+            <h2></h2>
+          </div>
+          <div>
+            <h1 class='c'>header2 </h1>
+            <h1 class='c'>header3 </h1>
+          </div>
+          <div>
+            <h1 class='c'>header4</h1>
+          </div>
+
+          <p class='empty'></p>
+          <p class='not-empty'><b></b></p>
+        </html>
+      HTML
+    end
+
+    let(:nested) do
+      subject_class.parse(<<~HTML)
+        <html><body>
+          <div class='unnested direct'>
+            <b>bold</b>
+            <p>para</p>
+          </div>
+
+          <div class='unnested indirect'>
+            <b>bold</b>
+            <i>...</i>
+            <i>...</i>
+            <p>para</p>
+          </div>
+
+          <div class='nested-parent'>
+            <div class='nested-child direct'>
               <b>bold</b>
               <p>para</p>
             </div>
 
-            <div class='unnested indirect'>
+            <div class='nested-child indirect'>
               <b>bold</b>
               <i>...</i>
               <i>...</i>
               <p>para</p>
             </div>
+          </div>
 
-            <div class='nested-parent'>
-              <div class='nested-child direct'>
-                <b>bold</b>
-                <p>para</p>
-              </div>
+          <div class="has-bold">
+            <b>bold</b>
+          </div>
 
-              <div class='nested-child indirect'>
-                <b>bold</b>
-                <i>...</i>
-                <i>...</i>
-                <p>para</p>
-              </div>
-            </div>
+          <div class="has-para">
+            <p>para</p>
+          </div>
+      HTML
+    end
 
-            <div class="has-bold">
-              <b>bold</b>
-            </div>
+    def assert_result_rows(intarray, result, word = "row")
+      assert_equal(intarray.size, result.size,
+        "unexpected number of rows returned: '#{result.inner_text}'")
+      assert_equal(intarray.map { |j| "#{word}#{j}" }.join(" "), result.inner_text.strip,
+        result.inner_text)
+    end
 
-            <div class="has-para">
-              <p>para</p>
-            </div>
-        EOF
-      end
+    doctypes = [Nokogiri::XML::Document, Nokogiri::HTML4::Document]
+    doctypes << Nokogiri::HTML5::Document if defined?(Nokogiri::HTML5::Document)
 
-      def test_even
-        assert_result_rows [2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14], @parser.search("table//tr:nth(even)")
-      end
+    doctypes.each do |doctype|
+      describe doctype do
+        let(:subject_class) { doctype }
 
-      def test_odd
-        assert_result_rows [1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13], @parser.search("table//tr:nth(odd)")
-      end
+        it "selects even" do
+          assert_result_rows([2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14], subject.search("table//tr:nth(even)"))
+        end
 
-      def test_n
-        assert_result_rows((1..14).to_a, @parser.search("table//tr:nth(n)"))
-      end
+        it "selects odd" do
+          assert_result_rows([1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13], subject.search("table//tr:nth(odd)"))
+        end
 
-      def test_2n
-        assert_equal @parser.search("table//tr:nth(even)").inner_text, @parser.search("table//tr:nth(2n)").inner_text
-      end
+        it "selects n" do
+          assert_result_rows((1..14).to_a, subject.search("table//tr:nth(n)"))
+        end
 
-      def test_2np1
-        assert_equal @parser.search("table//tr:nth(odd)").inner_text, @parser.search("table//tr:nth(2n+1)").inner_text
-      end
+        it "selects 2n" do
+          assert_equal(subject.search("table//tr:nth(even)").inner_text, subject.search("table//tr:nth(2n)").inner_text)
+        end
 
-      def test_4np3
-        assert_result_rows [3, 7, 11], @parser.search("table//tr:nth(4n+3)")
-      end
+        it "selects 2np1" do
+          assert_equal(subject.search("table//tr:nth(odd)").inner_text, subject.search("table//tr:nth(2n+1)").inner_text)
+        end
 
-      def test_3np4
-        assert_result_rows [4, 7, 10, 13], @parser.search("table//tr:nth(3n+4)")
-      end
+        it "selects 4np3" do
+          assert_result_rows([3, 7, 11], subject.search("table//tr:nth(4n+3)"))
+        end
 
-      def test_mnp3
-        assert_result_rows [1, 2, 3], @parser.search("table//tr:nth(-n+3)")
-      end
+        it "selects 3np4" do
+          assert_result_rows([4, 7, 10, 13], subject.search("table//tr:nth(3n+4)"))
+        end
 
-      def test_4nm1
-        assert_result_rows [3, 7, 11], @parser.search("table//tr:nth(4n-1)")
-      end
+        it "selects mnp3" do
+          assert_result_rows([1, 2, 3], subject.search("table//tr:nth(-n+3)"))
+        end
 
-      def test_np3
-        assert_result_rows [3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14], @parser.search("table//tr:nth(n+3)")
-      end
+        it "selects 4nm1" do
+          assert_result_rows([3, 7, 11], subject.search("table//tr:nth(4n-1)"))
+        end
 
-      def test_first
-        assert_result_rows [1], @parser.search("table//tr:first")
-        assert_result_rows [1], @parser.search("table//tr:first()")
-      end
+        it "selects np3" do
+          assert_result_rows([3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14], subject.search("table//tr:nth(n+3)"))
+        end
 
-      def test_last
-        assert_result_rows [14], @parser.search("table//tr:last")
-        assert_result_rows [14], @parser.search("table//tr:last()")
-      end
+        it "selects first" do
+          assert_result_rows([1], subject.search("table//tr:first"))
+          assert_result_rows([1], subject.search("table//tr:first()"))
+        end
 
-      def test_first_child
-        assert_result_rows [1], @parser.search("div/b:first-child"), "bold"
-        assert_result_rows [1], @parser.search("table//tr:first-child")
-        assert_result_rows [2, 4], @parser.search("div/h1.c:first-child"), "header"
-      end
+        it "selects last" do
+          assert_result_rows([14], subject.search("table//tr:last"))
+          assert_result_rows([14], subject.search("table//tr:last()"))
+        end
 
-      def test_last_child
-        assert_result_rows [3], @parser.search("div/b:last-child"), "bold"
-        assert_result_rows [14], @parser.search("table//tr:last-child")
-        assert_result_rows [3, 4], @parser.search("div/h1.c:last-child"), "header"
-      end
+        it "selects first_child" do
+          assert_result_rows([1], subject.search("div/b:first-child"), "bold")
+          assert_result_rows([1], subject.search("table//tr:first-child"))
+          assert_result_rows([2, 4], subject.search("div/h1.c:first-child"), "header")
+        end
 
-      def test_nth_child
-        assert_result_rows [2], @parser.search("div/b:nth-child(3)"), "bold"
-        assert_result_rows [5], @parser.search("table//tr:nth-child(5)")
-        assert_result_rows [1, 3], @parser.search("div/h1.c:nth-child(2)"), "header"
-        assert_result_rows [3, 4], @parser.search("div/i.b:nth-child(2n+1)"), "italic"
-      end
+        it "selects last_child" do
+          assert_result_rows([3], subject.search("div/b:last-child"), "bold")
+          assert_result_rows([14], subject.search("table//tr:last-child"))
+          assert_result_rows([3, 4], subject.search("div/h1.c:last-child"), "header")
+        end
 
-      def test_first_of_type
-        assert_result_rows [1], @parser.search("table//tr:first-of-type")
-        assert_result_rows [1], @parser.search("div/b:first-of-type"), "bold"
-        assert_result_rows [2], @parser.search("div/b.a:first-of-type"), "bold"
-        assert_result_rows [3], @parser.search("div/i.b:first-of-type"), "italic"
-      end
+        it "selects nth_child" do
+          assert_result_rows([2], subject.search("div/b:nth-child(3)"), "bold")
+          assert_result_rows([5], subject.search("table//tr:nth-child(5)"))
+          assert_result_rows([1, 3], subject.search("div/h1.c:nth-child(2)"), "header")
+          assert_result_rows([3, 4], subject.search("div/i.b:nth-child(2n+1)"), "italic")
+        end
 
-      def test_last_of_type
-        assert_result_rows [14], @parser.search("table//tr:last-of-type")
-        assert_result_rows [3], @parser.search("div/b:last-of-type"), "bold"
-        assert_result_rows [2, 7], @parser.search("div/i:last-of-type"), "italic"
-        assert_result_rows [2, 6, 7], @parser.search("div i:last-of-type"), "italic"
-        assert_result_rows [4], @parser.search("div/i.b:last-of-type"), "italic"
-      end
+        it "selects first_of_type" do
+          assert_result_rows([1], subject.search("table//tr:first-of-type"))
+          assert_result_rows([1], subject.search("div/b:first-of-type"), "bold")
+          assert_result_rows([2], subject.search("div/b.a:first-of-type"), "bold")
+          assert_result_rows([3], subject.search("div/i.b:first-of-type"), "italic")
+        end
 
-      def test_nth_of_type
-        assert_result_rows [1], @parser.search("div/b:nth-of-type(1)"), "bold"
-        assert_result_rows [2], @parser.search("div/b:nth-of-type(2)"), "bold"
-        assert_result_rows [2], @parser.search("div/.a:nth-of-type(1)"), "bold"
-        assert_result_rows [2, 4, 7], @parser.search("div i:nth-of-type(2n)"), "italic"
-        assert_result_rows [1, 3, 5, 6], @parser.search("div i:nth-of-type(2n+1)"), "italic"
-        assert_result_rows [1], @parser.search("div .a:nth-of-type(2n)"), "emphasis"
-        assert_result_rows [2, 3], @parser.search("div .a:nth-of-type(2n+1)"), "bold"
-      end
+        it "selects last_of_type" do
+          assert_result_rows([14], subject.search("table//tr:last-of-type"))
+          assert_result_rows([3], subject.search("div/b:last-of-type"), "bold")
+          assert_result_rows([2, 7], subject.search("div/i:last-of-type"), "italic")
+          assert_result_rows([2, 6, 7], subject.search("div i:last-of-type"), "italic")
+          assert_result_rows([4], subject.search("div/i.b:last-of-type"), "italic")
+        end
 
-      def test_nth_last_of_type
-        assert_result_rows [14], @parser.search("table//tr:nth-last-of-type(1)")
-        assert_result_rows [12], @parser.search("table//tr:nth-last-of-type(3)")
-        assert_result_rows [2, 6, 7], @parser.search("div i:nth-last-of-type(1)"), "italic"
-        assert_result_rows [1, 5], @parser.search("div i:nth-last-of-type(2)"), "italic"
-        assert_result_rows [4], @parser.search("div/i.b:nth-last-of-type(1)"), "italic"
-        assert_result_rows [3], @parser.search("div/i.b:nth-last-of-type(2)"), "italic"
-      end
+        it "selects nth_of_type" do
+          assert_result_rows([1], subject.search("div/b:nth-of-type(1)"), "bold")
+          assert_result_rows([2], subject.search("div/b:nth-of-type(2)"), "bold")
+          assert_result_rows([2], subject.search("div/.a:nth-of-type(1)"), "bold")
+          assert_result_rows([2, 4, 7], subject.search("div i:nth-of-type(2n)"), "italic")
+          assert_result_rows([1, 3, 5, 6], subject.search("div i:nth-of-type(2n+1)"), "italic")
+          assert_result_rows([1], subject.search("div .a:nth-of-type(2n)"), "emphasis")
+          assert_result_rows([2, 3], subject.search("div .a:nth-of-type(2n+1)"), "bold")
+        end
 
-      def test_only_of_type
-        assert_result_rows [1, 4], @parser.search("div/p:only-of-type"), "para"
-        assert_result_rows [5], @parser.search("div/i.c:only-of-type"), "italic"
-      end
+        it "selects nth_last_of_type" do
+          assert_result_rows([14], subject.search("table//tr:nth-last-of-type(1)"))
+          assert_result_rows([12], subject.search("table//tr:nth-last-of-type(3)"))
+          assert_result_rows([2, 6, 7], subject.search("div i:nth-last-of-type(1)"), "italic")
+          assert_result_rows([1, 5], subject.search("div i:nth-last-of-type(2)"), "italic")
+          assert_result_rows([4], subject.search("div/i.b:nth-last-of-type(1)"), "italic")
+          assert_result_rows([3], subject.search("div/i.b:nth-last-of-type(2)"), "italic")
+        end
 
-      def test_only_child
-        assert_result_rows [4], @parser.search("div/p:only-child"), "para"
-        assert_result_rows [4], @parser.search("div/h1.c:only-child"), "header"
-      end
+        it "selects only_of_type" do
+          assert_result_rows([1, 4], subject.search("div/p:only-of-type"), "para")
+          assert_result_rows([5], subject.search("div/i.c:only-of-type"), "italic")
+        end
 
-      def test_empty
-        result = @parser.search("p:empty")
-        assert_equal 1, result.size, "unexpected number of rows returned: '#{result.inner_text}'"
-        assert_equal "empty", result.first["class"]
-      end
+        it "selects only_child" do
+          assert_result_rows([4], subject.search("div/p:only-child"), "para")
+          assert_result_rows([4], subject.search("div/h1.c:only-child"), "header")
+        end
 
-      def test_parent
-        result = @parser.search("p:parent")
-        assert_equal 5, result.size
-        0.upto(3) do |j|
-          assert_equal "para#{j + 1} ", result[j].inner_text
+        it "selects empty" do
+          result = subject.search("p:empty")
+          assert_equal(1, result.size, "unexpected number of rows returned: '#{result.inner_text}'")
+          assert_equal("empty", result.first["class"])
         end
-        assert_equal "not-empty", result[4]["class"]
-      end
 
-      def test_siblings
-        doc = <<~EOF
-          <html><body><div>
-            <p id="1">p1 </p>
-            <p id="2">p2 </p>
-            <p id="3">p3 </p>
-            <p id="4">p4 </p>
-            <p id="5">p5 </p>
-        EOF
-        parser = Nokogiri.HTML doc
-        assert_equal 2, parser.search("#3 ~ p").size
-        assert_equal "p4 p5 ", parser.search("#3 ~ p").inner_text
-        assert_equal 0, parser.search("#5 ~ p").size
-
-        assert_equal 1, parser.search("#3 + p").size
-        assert_equal "p4 ", parser.search("#3 + p").inner_text
-        assert_equal 0, parser.search("#5 + p").size
-      end
+        it "selects parent" do
+          result = subject.search("p:parent")
+          assert_equal(5, result.size)
+          0.upto(3) do |j|
+            assert_equal("para#{j + 1} ", result[j].inner_text)
+          end
+          assert_equal("not-empty", result[4]["class"])
+        end
 
-      def test_has_a
-        result = @nested.css("div:has(b)")
-        expected = [
-          @nested.at_css(".unnested.direct"),
-          @nested.at_css(".unnested.indirect"),
-          @nested.at_css(".nested-parent"),
-          @nested.at_css(".nested-child.direct"),
-          @nested.at_css(".nested-child.indirect"),
-          @nested.at_css(".has-bold"),
-        ]
-        assert_equal expected, result.to_a
-      end
+        it "selects siblings" do
+          html = <<~HTML
+            <html><body><div>
+              <p id="1">p1 </p>
+              <p id="2">p2 </p>
+              <p id="3">p3 </p>
+              <p id="4">p4 </p>
+              <p id="5">p5 </p>
+          HTML
+          doc = subject_class.parse(html)
+          assert_equal(2, doc.search("#3 ~ p").size)
+          assert_equal("p4 p5 ", doc.search("#3 ~ p").inner_text)
+          assert_equal(0, doc.search("#5 ~ p").size)
+
+          assert_equal(1, doc.search("#3 + p").size)
+          assert_equal("p4 ", doc.search("#3 + p").inner_text)
+          assert_equal(0, doc.search("#5 + p").size)
+        end
 
-      def test_has_a_gt_b
-        result = @nested.css("body *:has(div > b)")
-        expected = [
-          @nested.at_css(".nested-parent"),
-        ]
-        assert_equal expected, result.to_a
-      end
+        it "selects has_a" do
+          result = nested.css("div:has(b)")
+          expected = [
+            nested.at_css(".unnested.direct"),
+            nested.at_css(".unnested.indirect"),
+            nested.at_css(".nested-parent"),
+            nested.at_css(".nested-child.direct"),
+            nested.at_css(".nested-child.indirect"),
+            nested.at_css(".has-bold"),
+          ]
+          assert_equal(expected, result.to_a)
+        end
 
-      def test_has_gt_b
-        result = @nested.css("body *:has(> b)")
-        expected = [
-          @nested.at_css(".unnested.direct"),
-          @nested.at_css(".unnested.indirect"),
-          @nested.at_css(".nested-child.direct"),
-          @nested.at_css(".nested-child.indirect"),
-          @nested.at_css(".has-bold"),
-        ]
-        assert_equal expected, result.to_a
-      end
+        it "selects has_a_gt_b" do
+          result = nested.css("body *:has(div > b)")
+          expected = [
+            nested.at_css(".nested-parent"),
+          ]
+          assert_equal(expected, result.to_a)
+        end
 
-      def test_has_a_plus_b
-        result = @nested.css("div:has(b + p)")
-        expected = [
-          @nested.at_css(".unnested.direct"),
-          @nested.at_css(".nested-parent"),
-          @nested.at_css(".nested-child.direct"),
-        ]
-        assert_equal expected, result.to_a
-      end
+        it "selects has_gt_b" do
+          result = nested.css("body *:has(> b)")
+          expected = [
+            nested.at_css(".unnested.direct"),
+            nested.at_css(".unnested.indirect"),
+            nested.at_css(".nested-child.direct"),
+            nested.at_css(".nested-child.indirect"),
+            nested.at_css(".has-bold"),
+          ]
+          assert_equal(expected, result.to_a)
+        end
 
-      def test_has_plus_b
-        result = @nested.css("b:has(+ p)")
-        expected = [
-          @nested.at_css(".unnested.direct b"),
-          @nested.at_css(".nested-child.direct b"),
-        ]
-        assert_equal expected, result.to_a
-      end
+        it "selects has_a_plus_b" do
+          result = nested.css("div:has(b + p)")
+          expected = [
+            nested.at_css(".unnested.direct"),
+            nested.at_css(".nested-parent"),
+            nested.at_css(".nested-child.direct"),
+          ]
+          assert_equal(expected, result.to_a)
+        end
 
-      def test_has_a_tilde_b
-        result = @nested.css("div:has(b ~ p)")
-        expected = [
-          @nested.at_css(".unnested.direct"),
-          @nested.at_css(".unnested.indirect"),
-          @nested.at_css(".nested-parent"),
-          @nested.at_css(".nested-child.direct"),
-          @nested.at_css(".nested-child.indirect"),
-        ]
-        assert_equal expected, result.to_a
-      end
+        it "selects has_plus_b" do
+          result = nested.css("b:has(+ p)")
+          expected = [
+            nested.at_css(".unnested.direct b"),
+            nested.at_css(".nested-child.direct b"),
+          ]
+          assert_equal(expected, result.to_a)
+        end
 
-      def test_has_tilde_b
-        result = @nested.css("b:has(~ p)")
-        expected = [
-          @nested.at_css(".unnested.direct b"),
-          @nested.at_css(".unnested.indirect b"),
-          @nested.at_css(".nested-child.direct b"),
-          @nested.at_css(".nested-child.indirect b"),
-        ].flatten
-        assert_equal expected, result.to_a
-      end
+        it "selects has_a_tilde_b" do
+          result = nested.css("div:has(b ~ p)")
+          expected = [
+            nested.at_css(".unnested.direct"),
+            nested.at_css(".unnested.indirect"),
+            nested.at_css(".nested-parent"),
+            nested.at_css(".nested-child.direct"),
+            nested.at_css(".nested-child.indirect"),
+          ]
+          assert_equal(expected, result.to_a)
+        end
 
-      def test_class_attr_selector
-        doc = Nokogiri::HTML::Document.parse(<<~EOF)
-          <html><body>
-            <div class="qwer asdf zxcv">space-delimited</div>
-            <div class="qwer\tasdf\tzxcv">tab-delimited</div>
-            <div class="qwer\nasdf\nzxcv">newline-delimited</div>
-            <div class="qwer\rasdf\rzxcv">carriage-return-delimited</div>
-          </body></html>
-        EOF
-
-        result = doc.css("div[class~='asdf']")
-        assert_equal 4, result.length
-
-        expected = doc.css("div")
-        assert_equal expected, result
-      end
+        it "selects has_tilde_b" do
+          result = nested.css("b:has(~ p)")
+          expected = [
+            nested.at_css(".unnested.direct b"),
+            nested.at_css(".unnested.indirect b"),
+            nested.at_css(".nested-child.direct b"),
+            nested.at_css(".nested-child.indirect b"),
+          ].flatten
+          assert_equal(expected, result.to_a)
+        end
+
+        it "selects class_attr_selector" do
+          doc = subject_class.parse(<<~HTML)
+            <html><body>
+              <div class="qwer asdf zxcv">space-delimited</div>
+              <div class="qwer\tasdf\tzxcv">tab-delimited</div>
+              <div class="qwer\nasdf\nzxcv">newline-delimited</div>
+              <div class="qwer\rasdf\rzxcv">carriage-return-delimited</div>
+            </body></html>
+          HTML
+
+          result = doc.css("div[class~='asdf']")
+          assert_equal(4, result.length)
 
-      private
+          result = doc.css("div[@class~='asdf']")
+          assert_equal(4, result.length)
 
-      def assert_result_rows(intarray, result, word = "row")
-        assert_equal intarray.size, result.size,
-                     "unexpected number of rows returned: '#{result.inner_text}'"
-        assert_equal intarray.map { |j| "#{word}#{j}" }.join(" "), result.inner_text.strip,
-                     result.inner_text
+          expected = doc.css("div")
+          assert_equal(expected, result)
+        end
+
+        it "handles xpath attribute selectors" do
+          doc = subject_class.parse(<<~HTML)
+            <html><body>
+              <div class="first">
+                <span class="child"></span>
+              </div>
+              <div class="second"></div>
+              <div class="third"></div>
+              <div class="fourth"></div>
+            </body></html>
+          HTML
+
+          result = doc.css("div > @class")
+          assert_equal(["first", "second", "third", "fourth"], result.map(&:to_s))
+
+          result = doc.css("div/@class")
+          assert_equal(["first", "second", "third", "fourth"], result.map(&:to_s))
+
+          result = doc.css("div @class")
+          assert_equal(["first", "child", "second", "third", "fourth"], result.map(&:to_s))
+        end
+
+        it "handles xpath functions" do
+          doc = subject_class.parse(<<~HTML)
+            <html><body>
+              <div>first<span>child</span></div>
+              <div>second</div>
+              <div>third</div>
+              <div>fourth</div>
+            </body></html>
+          HTML
+
+          result = doc.css("div > text()")
+          assert_equal(["first", "second", "third", "fourth"], result.map(&:to_s))
+
+          result = doc.css("div/text()")
+          assert_equal(["first", "second", "third", "fourth"], result.map(&:to_s))
+
+          result = doc.css("div text()")
+          assert_equal(["first", "child", "second", "third", "fourth"], result.map(&:to_s))
+        end
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/css/test_parser.rb b/test/css/test_parser.rb
index 318861434b..4f5ab0fa6c 100644
--- a/test/css/test_parser.rb
+++ b/test/css/test_parser.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 class TestNokogiri < Nokogiri::TestCase
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ class TestNokogiri < Nokogiri::TestCase
         [:CONDITIONAL_SELECTOR,
          [:ELEMENT_NAME],
          [:PSEUDO_CLASS,
-          [:FUNCTION]]]
+          [:FUNCTION],],]
       )
       assert_equal(1, matches.length)
       assert_equal(ast, matches.first)
@@ -23,7 +24,8 @@ class TestNokogiri < Nokogiri::TestCase
         [:CONDITIONAL_SELECTOR,
          [:ELEMENT_NAME],
          [:PSEUDO_CLASS,
-          [:FUNCTION]]], ast.to_type
+          [:FUNCTION],],],
+        ast.to_type
       )
     end
 
@@ -33,7 +35,52 @@ class TestNokogiri < Nokogiri::TestCase
         [:CONDITIONAL_SELECTOR,
          [:ELEMENT_NAME, ["a"]],
          [:PSEUDO_CLASS,
-          [:FUNCTION, ["nth-child("], ["2"]]]], asts.first.to_a
+          [:FUNCTION, ["nth-child("], ["2"]],],],
+        asts.first.to_a
+      )
+    end
+
+    it "parses xpath attributes in conditional selectors" do
+      ast = parser.parse("a[@class~=bar]").first
+      assert_equal(
+        [:CONDITIONAL_SELECTOR,
+         [:ELEMENT_NAME, ["a"]],
+         [:ATTRIBUTE_CONDITION,
+          [:ATTRIB_NAME, ["class"]],
+          [:includes],
+          ["bar"],],],
+        ast.to_a
+      )
+    end
+
+    it "parses xpath attributes" do
+      ast = parser.parse("a/@href").first
+      assert_equal(
+        [:CHILD_SELECTOR, [:ELEMENT_NAME, ["a"]], [:ATTRIB_NAME, ["href"]]],
+        ast.to_a
+      )
+    end
+
+    it "parses xpath attributes passed to xpath functions" do
+      ast = parser.parse("a:foo(@href)").first
+      assert_equal(
+        [:CONDITIONAL_SELECTOR,
+         [:ELEMENT_NAME, ["a"]],
+         [:PSEUDO_CLASS,
+          [:FUNCTION, ["foo("],
+           [:ATTRIB_NAME, ["href"]],],],],
+        ast.to_a,
+      )
+
+      ast = parser.parse("a:foo(@href,@id)").first
+      assert_equal(
+        [:CONDITIONAL_SELECTOR,
+         [:ELEMENT_NAME, ["a"]],
+         [:PSEUDO_CLASS,
+          [:FUNCTION, ["foo("],
+           [:ATTRIB_NAME, ["href"]],
+           [:ATTRIB_NAME, ["id"]],],],],
+        ast.to_a,
       )
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/css/test_tokenizer.rb b/test/css/test_tokenizer.rb
index 60b85df1bf..183a322e59 100644
--- a/test/css/test_tokenizer.rb
+++ b/test/css/test_tokenizer.rb
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
   module CSS
     class Tokenizer
-      alias :scan :scan_setup
+      alias_method :scan, :scan_setup
     end
   end
 end
@@ -18,16 +19,25 @@ def setup
         @scanner = Nokogiri::CSS::Tokenizer.new
       end
 
+      def assert_tokens(tokens, scanner)
+        toks = []
+        while (tok = @scanner.next_token)
+          toks << tok
+        end
+        assert_equal(tokens, toks)
+      end
+
       def test_has
         @scanner.scan("a:has(b)")
         assert_tokens(
           [[:IDENT, "a"], [":", ":"], [:HAS, "has("], [:IDENT, "b"], [:RPAREN, ")"]],
-          @scanner)
+          @scanner
+        )
       end
 
       def test_unicode
         @scanner.scan("a日本語")
-        assert_tokens([[:IDENT, 'a日本語']], @scanner)
+        assert_tokens([[:IDENT, "a日本語"]], @scanner)
       end
 
       def test_tokenize_bad_single_quote
@@ -37,178 +47,166 @@ def test_tokenize_bad_single_quote
 
       def test_not_equal
         @scanner.scan("h1[a!='Tender Lovemaking']")
-        assert_tokens([ [:IDENT, 'h1'],
-                        [:LSQUARE, '['],
-                        [:IDENT, 'a'],
-                        [:NOT_EQUAL, '!='],
-                        [:STRING, "'Tender Lovemaking'"],
-                        [:RSQUARE, ']'],
-        ], @scanner)
+        assert_tokens([[:IDENT, "h1"],
+                       [:LSQUARE, "["],
+                       [:IDENT, "a"],
+                       [:NOT_EQUAL, "!="],
+                       [:STRING, "'Tender Lovemaking'"],
+                       [:RSQUARE, "]"],], @scanner)
       end
 
       def test_negation
         @scanner.scan("p:not(.a)")
-        assert_tokens([ [:IDENT, 'p'],
-                        [:NOT, ':not('],
-                        ['.', '.'],
-                        [:IDENT, 'a'],
-                        [:RPAREN, ')'],
-        ], @scanner)
+        assert_tokens([[:IDENT, "p"],
+                       [:NOT, ":not("],
+                       [".", "."],
+                       [:IDENT, "a"],
+                       [:RPAREN, ")"],], @scanner)
       end
 
       def test_function
         @scanner.scan("script comment()")
-        assert_tokens([ [:IDENT, 'script'],
-                        [:S, ' '],
-                        [:FUNCTION, 'comment('],
-                        [:RPAREN, ')'],
-        ], @scanner)
+        assert_tokens([[:IDENT, "script"],
+                       [:S, " "],
+                       [:FUNCTION, "comment("],
+                       [:RPAREN, ")"],], @scanner)
       end
 
       def test_preceding_selector
         @scanner.scan("E ~ F")
-        assert_tokens([ [:IDENT, 'E'],
-                        [:TILDE, ' ~ '],
-                        [:IDENT, 'F'],
-        ], @scanner)
+        assert_tokens([[:IDENT, "E"],
+                       [:TILDE, " ~ "],
+                       [:IDENT, "F"],], @scanner)
       end
 
       def test_scan_attribute_string
         @scanner.scan("h1[a='Tender Lovemaking']")
-        assert_tokens([ [:IDENT, 'h1'],
-                        [:LSQUARE, '['],
-                        [:IDENT, 'a'],
-                        [:EQUAL, '='],
-                        [:STRING, "'Tender Lovemaking'"],
-                        [:RSQUARE, ']'],
-        ], @scanner)
+        assert_tokens([[:IDENT, "h1"],
+                       [:LSQUARE, "["],
+                       [:IDENT, "a"],
+                       [:EQUAL, "="],
+                       [:STRING, "'Tender Lovemaking'"],
+                       [:RSQUARE, "]"],], @scanner)
         @scanner.scan('h1[a="Tender Lovemaking"]')
-        assert_tokens([ [:IDENT, 'h1'],
-                        [:LSQUARE, '['],
-                        [:IDENT, 'a'],
-                        [:EQUAL, '='],
-                        [:STRING, '"Tender Lovemaking"'],
-                        [:RSQUARE, ']'],
-        ], @scanner)
+        assert_tokens([[:IDENT, "h1"],
+                       [:LSQUARE, "["],
+                       [:IDENT, "a"],
+                       [:EQUAL, "="],
+                       [:STRING, '"Tender Lovemaking"'],
+                       [:RSQUARE, "]"],], @scanner)
       end
 
       def test_scan_id
-        @scanner.scan('#foo')
-        assert_tokens([ [:HASH, '#foo'] ], @scanner)
+        @scanner.scan("#foo")
+        assert_tokens([[:HASH, "#foo"]], @scanner)
       end
 
       def test_scan_pseudo
-        @scanner.scan('a:visited')
-        assert_tokens([ [:IDENT, 'a'],
-                        [':', ':'],
-                        [:IDENT, 'visited']
-        ], @scanner)
+        @scanner.scan("a:visited")
+        assert_tokens([[:IDENT, "a"],
+                       [":", ":"],
+                       [:IDENT, "visited"],], @scanner)
       end
 
       def test_scan_star
-        @scanner.scan('*')
-        assert_tokens([ ['*', '*'], ], @scanner)
+        @scanner.scan("*")
+        assert_tokens([["*", "*"]], @scanner)
       end
 
       def test_scan_class
-        @scanner.scan('x.awesome')
-        assert_tokens([ [:IDENT, 'x'],
-                        ['.', '.'],
-                        [:IDENT, 'awesome'],
-        ], @scanner)
+        @scanner.scan("x.awesome")
+        assert_tokens([[:IDENT, "x"],
+                       [".", "."],
+                       [:IDENT, "awesome"],], @scanner)
       end
 
       def test_scan_greater
-        @scanner.scan('x > y')
-        assert_tokens([ [:IDENT, 'x'],
-                        [:GREATER, ' > '],
-                        [:IDENT, 'y']
-        ], @scanner)
+        @scanner.scan("x > y")
+        assert_tokens([[:IDENT, "x"],
+                       [:GREATER, " > "],
+                       [:IDENT, "y"],], @scanner)
       end
 
       def test_scan_slash
-        @scanner.scan('x/y')
-        assert_tokens([ [:IDENT, 'x'],
-                        [:SLASH, '/'],
-                        [:IDENT, 'y']
-        ], @scanner)
+        @scanner.scan("x/y")
+        assert_tokens([[:IDENT, "x"],
+                       [:SLASH, "/"],
+                       [:IDENT, "y"],], @scanner)
       end
 
       def test_scan_doubleslash
-        @scanner.scan('x//y')
-        assert_tokens([ [:IDENT, 'x'],
-                        [:DOUBLESLASH, '//'],
-                        [:IDENT, 'y']
-        ], @scanner)
+        @scanner.scan("x//y")
+        assert_tokens([[:IDENT, "x"],
+                       [:DOUBLESLASH, "//"],
+                       [:IDENT, "y"],], @scanner)
       end
 
       def test_scan_function_selector
-        @scanner.scan('x:eq(0)')
-        assert_tokens([ [:IDENT, 'x'],
-                        [':', ':'],
-                        [:FUNCTION, 'eq('],
-                        [:NUMBER, "0"],
-                        [:RPAREN, ')'],
-        ], @scanner)
+        @scanner.scan("x:eq(0)")
+        assert_tokens([[:IDENT, "x"],
+                       [":", ":"],
+                       [:FUNCTION, "eq("],
+                       [:NUMBER, "0"],
+                       [:RPAREN, ")"],], @scanner)
       end
 
       def test_scan_nth
-        @scanner.scan('x:nth-child(5n+3)')
-        assert_tokens([ [:IDENT, 'x'],
-                        [':', ':'],
-                        [:FUNCTION, 'nth-child('],
-                        [:NUMBER, '5'],
-                        [:IDENT, 'n'],
-                        [:PLUS, '+'],
-                        [:NUMBER, '3'],
-                        [:RPAREN, ')'],
-        ], @scanner)
-
-        @scanner.scan('x:nth-child(-1n+3)')
-        assert_tokens([ [:IDENT, 'x'],
-                        [':', ':'],
-                        [:FUNCTION, 'nth-child('],
-                        [:NUMBER, '-1'],
-                        [:IDENT, 'n'],
-                        [:PLUS, '+'],
-                        [:NUMBER, '3'],
-                        [:RPAREN, ')'],
-        ], @scanner)
-
-        @scanner.scan('x:nth-child(-n+3)')
-        assert_tokens([ [:IDENT, 'x'],
-                        [':', ':'],
-                        [:FUNCTION, 'nth-child('],
-                        [:IDENT, '-n'],
-                        [:PLUS, '+'],
-                        [:NUMBER, '3'],
-                        [:RPAREN, ')'],
-        ], @scanner)
+        @scanner.scan("x:nth-child(5n+3)")
+        assert_tokens([[:IDENT, "x"],
+                       [":", ":"],
+                       [:FUNCTION, "nth-child("],
+                       [:NUMBER, "5"],
+                       [:IDENT, "n"],
+                       [:PLUS, "+"],
+                       [:NUMBER, "3"],
+                       [:RPAREN, ")"],], @scanner)
+
+        @scanner.scan("x:nth-child(-1n+3)")
+        assert_tokens([[:IDENT, "x"],
+                       [":", ":"],
+                       [:FUNCTION, "nth-child("],
+                       [:NUMBER, "-1"],
+                       [:IDENT, "n"],
+                       [:PLUS, "+"],
+                       [:NUMBER, "3"],
+                       [:RPAREN, ")"],], @scanner)
+
+        @scanner.scan("x:nth-child(-n+3)")
+        assert_tokens([[:IDENT, "x"],
+                       [":", ":"],
+                       [:FUNCTION, "nth-child("],
+                       [:IDENT, "-n"],
+                       [:PLUS, "+"],
+                       [:NUMBER, "3"],
+                       [:RPAREN, ")"],], @scanner)
       end
 
       def test_significant_space
-        @scanner.scan('x :first-child [a] [b]')
-        assert_tokens([ [:IDENT, 'x'],
-                        [:S, ' '],
-                        [':', ':'],
-                        [:IDENT, 'first-child'],
-                        [:S, ' '],
-                        [:LSQUARE, '['],
-                        [:IDENT, 'a'],
-                        [:RSQUARE, ']'],
-                        [:S, ' '],
-                        [:LSQUARE, '['],
-                        [:IDENT, 'b'],
-                        [:RSQUARE, ']'],
-        ], @scanner)
+        @scanner.scan("x :first-child [a] [b]")
+        assert_tokens([[:IDENT, "x"],
+                       [:S, " "],
+                       [":", ":"],
+                       [:IDENT, "first-child"],
+                       [:S, " "],
+                       [:LSQUARE, "["],
+                       [:IDENT, "a"],
+                       [:RSQUARE, "]"],
+                       [:S, " "],
+                       [:LSQUARE, "["],
+                       [:IDENT, "b"],
+                       [:RSQUARE, "]"],], @scanner)
+      end
+
+      def test_xpath_attributes
+        @scanner.scan("a/@href")
+        assert_tokens([[:IDENT, "a"], [:SLASH, "/"], ["@", "@"], [:IDENT, "href"]],
+          @scanner)
       end
 
-      def assert_tokens(tokens, scanner)
-        toks = []
-        while tok = @scanner.next_token
-          toks << tok
-        end
-        assert_equal(tokens, toks)
+      def test_xpath_functions
+        @scanner.scan("a/text()")
+        assert_tokens([[:IDENT, "a"], [:SLASH, "/"], [:FUNCTION, "text("], [:RPAREN, ")"]],
+          @scanner)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/css/test_xpath_visitor.rb b/test/css/test_xpath_visitor.rb
index 5e521f4fac..d4cb4b1923 100644
--- a/test/css/test_xpath_visitor.rb
+++ b/test/css/test_xpath_visitor.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 class TestNokogiri < Nokogiri::TestCase
@@ -13,13 +14,35 @@ class TestNokogiri < Nokogiri::TestCase
       })
     end
 
+    let(:visitor) { Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor.new }
+
     def assert_xpath(expecteds, asts)
       expecteds = [expecteds].flatten
       expecteds.zip(asts).each do |expected, actual|
-        assert_equal(expected, actual.to_xpath)
+        assert_equal(expected, actual.to_xpath("//", visitor))
       end
     end
 
+    it "accepts some config parameters" do
+      refute_nil(Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor.new(builtins: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::BuiltinsConfig::NEVER))
+      refute_nil(Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor.new(builtins: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::BuiltinsConfig::ALWAYS))
+      refute_nil(Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor.new(builtins: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::BuiltinsConfig::OPTIMAL))
+      assert_raises(ArgumentError) { Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor.new(builtins: :not_valid) }
+
+      refute_nil(Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor.new(doctype: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::DoctypeConfig::XML))
+      refute_nil(Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor.new(doctype: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::DoctypeConfig::HTML4))
+      refute_nil(Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor.new(doctype: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::DoctypeConfig::HTML5))
+      assert_raises(ArgumentError) { Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor.new(doctype: :not_valid) }
+    end
+
+    it "exposes its configuration" do
+      expected = {
+        builtins: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::BuiltinsConfig::NEVER,
+        doctype: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::DoctypeConfig::XML,
+      }
+      assert_equal(expected, visitor.config)
+    end
+
     it "raises an exception on single quote" do
       assert_raises(Nokogiri::CSS::SyntaxError) { parser.parse("'") }
     end
@@ -30,36 +53,36 @@ def assert_xpath(expecteds, asts)
 
     describe "selectors" do
       it "* universal" do
-        assert_xpath("//*", parser.parse('*'))
+        assert_xpath("//*", parser.parse("*"))
       end
 
       it "type" do
-        assert_xpath('//x', parser.parse('x'))
+        assert_xpath("//x", parser.parse("x"))
       end
 
       it "type with namespaces" do
-        assert_xpath("//aaron:a", parser.parse('aaron|a'))
-        assert_xpath("//a", parser.parse('|a'))
+        assert_xpath("//aaron:a", parser.parse("aaron|a"))
+        assert_xpath("//a", parser.parse("|a"))
       end
 
       it ". class" do
         assert_xpath("//*[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' awesome ')]",
-                     parser.parse('.awesome'))
+          parser.parse(".awesome"))
         assert_xpath("//foo[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' awesome ')]",
-                     parser.parse('foo.awesome'))
+          parser.parse("foo.awesome"))
         assert_xpath("//foo//*[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' awesome ')]",
-                     parser.parse('foo .awesome'))
+          parser.parse("foo .awesome"))
         assert_xpath("//foo//*[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' awe.some ')]",
-                     parser.parse('foo .awe\.some'))
+          parser.parse("foo .awe\\.some"))
         assert_xpath("//*[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' a ') and contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' b ')]",
-                     parser.parse('.a.b'))
+          parser.parse(".a.b"))
         assert_xpath("//*[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' pastoral ')]",
-                     parser.parse('*.pastoral'))
+          parser.parse("*.pastoral"))
       end
 
       it "# id" do
-        assert_xpath("//*[@id='foo']", parser.parse('#foo'))
-        assert_xpath("//*[@id='escape:needed,']", parser.parse('#escape\:needed\,'))
+        assert_xpath("//*[@id='foo']", parser.parse("#foo"))
+        assert_xpath("//*[@id='escape:needed,']", parser.parse("#escape\\:needed\\,"))
         assert_xpath("//*[@id='escape:needed,']", parser.parse('#escape\3Aneeded\,'))
         assert_xpath("//*[@id='escape:needed,']", parser.parse('#escape\3A needed\2C'))
         assert_xpath("//*[@id='escape:needed']", parser.parse('#escape\00003Aneeded'))
@@ -80,9 +103,9 @@ def assert_xpath(expecteds, asts)
         end
 
         it "namespacing" do
-          assert_xpath("//a[@flavorjones:href]", parser.parse('a[flavorjones|href]'))
-          assert_xpath("//a[@href]", parser.parse('a[|href]'))
-          assert_xpath("//*[@flavorjones:href]", parser.parse('*[flavorjones|href]'))
+          assert_xpath("//a[@flavorjones:href]", parser.parse("a[flavorjones|href]"))
+          assert_xpath("//a[@href]", parser.parse("a[|href]"))
+          assert_xpath("//*[@flavorjones:href]", parser.parse("*[flavorjones|href]"))
 
           ## Default namespace is not applied to attributes, so this is @class, not @xmlns:class.
           assert_xpath("//xmlns:a[@class='bar']", parser_with_ns.parse("a[class='bar']"))
@@ -106,24 +129,24 @@ def assert_xpath(expecteds, asts)
 
         it "|=" do
           assert_xpath("//a[@class='bar' or starts-with(@class,concat('bar','-'))]",
-                       parser.parse("a[@class|='bar']"))
+            parser.parse("a[@class|='bar']"))
           assert_xpath("//a[@class='bar' or starts-with(@class,concat('bar','-'))]",
-                       parser.parse("a[@class |= 'bar']"))
+            parser.parse("a[@class |= 'bar']"))
           assert_xpath("//a[@id='Boing' or starts-with(@id,concat('Boing','-'))]",
-                       parser.parse("a[id|='Boing']"))
+            parser.parse("a[id|='Boing']"))
         end
 
         it "~=" do
           assert_xpath("//a[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' bar ')]",
-                       parser.parse("a[@class~='bar']"))
+            parser.parse("a[@class~='bar']"))
           assert_xpath("//a[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' bar ')]",
-                       parser.parse("a[@class ~= 'bar']"))
+            parser.parse("a[@class ~= 'bar']"))
           assert_xpath("//a[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' bar ')]",
-                       parser.parse("a[@class~=bar]"))
+            parser.parse("a[@class~=bar]"))
           assert_xpath("//a[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' bar ')]",
-                       parser.parse("a[@class~=\"bar\"]"))
+            parser.parse("a[@class~=\"bar\"]"))
           assert_xpath("//a[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@data-words),' '),' bar ')]",
-                       parser.parse("a[data-words~=\"bar\"]"))
+            parser.parse("a[data-words~=\"bar\"]"))
         end
 
         it "^=" do
@@ -133,9 +156,9 @@ def assert_xpath(expecteds, asts)
 
         it "$=" do
           assert_xpath("//a[substring(@id,string-length(@id)-string-length('Boing')+1,string-length('Boing'))='Boing']",
-                       parser.parse("a[id$='Boing']"))
+            parser.parse("a[id$='Boing']"))
           assert_xpath("//a[substring(@id,string-length(@id)-string-length('Boing')+1,string-length('Boing'))='Boing']",
-                       parser.parse("a[id $= 'Boing']"))
+            parser.parse("a[id $= 'Boing']"))
         end
 
         it "*=" do
@@ -152,48 +175,48 @@ def assert_xpath(expecteds, asts)
 
     describe "pseudo-classes" do
       it ":first-of-type" do
-        assert_xpath('//a[position()=1]', parser.parse('a:first-of-type()'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[position()=1]', parser.parse('a:first-of-type')) # no parens
+        assert_xpath("//a[position()=1]", parser.parse("a:first-of-type()"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[position()=1]", parser.parse("a:first-of-type")) # no parens
         assert_xpath("//a[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' b ')][position()=1]",
-                     parser.parse('a.b:first-of-type')) # no parens
+          parser.parse("a.b:first-of-type")) # no parens
       end
 
       it ":nth-of-type" do
-        assert_xpath('//a[position()=99]', parser.parse('a:nth-of-type(99)'))
+        assert_xpath("//a[position()=99]", parser.parse("a:nth-of-type(99)"))
         assert_xpath("//a[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' b ')][position()=99]",
-                     parser.parse('a.b:nth-of-type(99)'))
+          parser.parse("a.b:nth-of-type(99)"))
       end
 
       it ":last-of-type" do
-        assert_xpath('//a[position()=last()]', parser.parse('a:last-of-type()'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[position()=last()]', parser.parse('a:last-of-type')) # no parens
+        assert_xpath("//a[position()=last()]", parser.parse("a:last-of-type()"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[position()=last()]", parser.parse("a:last-of-type")) # no parens
         assert_xpath("//a[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' b ')][position()=last()]",
-                     parser.parse('a.b:last-of-type')) # no parens
+          parser.parse("a.b:last-of-type")) # no parens
       end
 
       it ":nth-last-of-type" do
-        assert_xpath('//a[position()=last()]', parser.parse('a:nth-last-of-type(1)'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[position()=last()-98]', parser.parse('a:nth-last-of-type(99)'))
+        assert_xpath("//a[position()=last()]", parser.parse("a:nth-last-of-type(1)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[position()=last()-98]", parser.parse("a:nth-last-of-type(99)"))
         assert_xpath("//a[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' b ')][position()=last()-98]",
-                     parser.parse('a.b:nth-last-of-type(99)'))
+          parser.parse("a.b:nth-last-of-type(99)"))
       end
 
       it ":nth and friends (non-standard)" do
-        assert_xpath('//a[position()=1]', parser.parse('a:first()'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[position()=1]', parser.parse('a:first')) # no parens
-        assert_xpath('//a[position()=99]', parser.parse('a:eq(99)'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[position()=99]', parser.parse('a:nth(99)'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[position()=last()]', parser.parse('a:last()'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[position()=last()]', parser.parse('a:last')) # no parens
-        assert_xpath('//a[node()]', parser.parse('a:parent'))
+        assert_xpath("//a[position()=1]", parser.parse("a:first()"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[position()=1]", parser.parse("a:first")) # no parens
+        assert_xpath("//a[position()=99]", parser.parse("a:eq(99)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[position()=99]", parser.parse("a:nth(99)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[position()=last()]", parser.parse("a:last()"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[position()=last()]", parser.parse("a:last")) # no parens
+        assert_xpath("//a[node()]", parser.parse("a:parent"))
       end
 
       it ":nth-child and friends" do
-        assert_xpath('//a[count(preceding-sibling::*)=0]', parser.parse('a:first-child'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[count(preceding-sibling::*)=98]', parser.parse('a:nth-child(99)'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[count(following-sibling::*)=0]', parser.parse('a:last-child'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[count(following-sibling::*)=0]', parser.parse('a:nth-last-child(1)'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[count(following-sibling::*)=98]', parser.parse('a:nth-last-child(99)'))
+        assert_xpath("//a[count(preceding-sibling::*)=0]", parser.parse("a:first-child"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[count(preceding-sibling::*)=98]", parser.parse("a:nth-child(99)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[count(following-sibling::*)=0]", parser.parse("a:last-child"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[count(following-sibling::*)=0]", parser.parse("a:nth-last-child(1)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[count(following-sibling::*)=98]", parser.parse("a:nth-last-child(99)"))
       end
 
       it "[n] as :nth-child (non-standard)" do
@@ -209,90 +232,92 @@ def assert_xpath(expecteds, asts)
       end
 
       it ":only-child" do
-        assert_xpath('//a[count(preceding-sibling::*)=0 and count(following-sibling::*)=0]',
-                     parser.parse('a:only-child'))
+        assert_xpath("//a[count(preceding-sibling::*)=0 and count(following-sibling::*)=0]",
+          parser.parse("a:only-child"))
       end
 
       it ":only-of-type" do
-        assert_xpath('//a[last()=1]', parser.parse('a:only-of-type'))
+        assert_xpath("//a[last()=1]", parser.parse("a:only-of-type"))
       end
 
       it ":empty" do
-        assert_xpath('//a[not(node())]', parser.parse('a:empty'))
+        assert_xpath("//a[not(node())]", parser.parse("a:empty"))
       end
 
       it ":nth(an+b)" do
-        assert_xpath('//a[(position() mod 2)=0]', parser.parse('a:nth-of-type(2n)'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[(position()>=1) and (((position()-1) mod 2)=0)]', parser.parse('a:nth-of-type(2n+1)'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[(position() mod 2)=0]', parser.parse('a:nth-of-type(even)'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[(position()>=1) and (((position()-1) mod 2)=0)]', parser.parse('a:nth-of-type(odd)'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[(position()>=3) and (((position()-3) mod 4)=0)]', parser.parse('a:nth-of-type(4n+3)'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[position()<=3]', parser.parse('a:nth-of-type(-1n+3)'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[position()<=3]', parser.parse('a:nth-of-type(-n+3)'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[position()>=3]', parser.parse('a:nth-of-type(1n+3)'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[position()>=3]', parser.parse('a:nth-of-type(n+3)'))
-
-        assert_xpath('//a[((last()-position()+1) mod 2)=0]', parser.parse('a:nth-last-of-type(2n)'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[((last()-position()+1)>=1) and ((((last()-position()+1)-1) mod 2)=0)]', parser.parse('a:nth-last-of-type(2n+1)'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[((last()-position()+1) mod 2)=0]', parser.parse('a:nth-last-of-type(even)'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[((last()-position()+1)>=1) and ((((last()-position()+1)-1) mod 2)=0)]', parser.parse('a:nth-last-of-type(odd)'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[((last()-position()+1)>=3) and ((((last()-position()+1)-3) mod 4)=0)]', parser.parse('a:nth-last-of-type(4n+3)'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[(last()-position()+1)<=3]', parser.parse('a:nth-last-of-type(-1n+3)'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[(last()-position()+1)<=3]', parser.parse('a:nth-last-of-type(-n+3)'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[(last()-position()+1)>=3]', parser.parse('a:nth-last-of-type(1n+3)'))
-        assert_xpath('//a[(last()-position()+1)>=3]', parser.parse('a:nth-last-of-type(n+3)'))
+        assert_xpath("//a[(position() mod 2)=0]", parser.parse("a:nth-of-type(2n)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[(position()>=1) and (((position()-1) mod 2)=0)]", parser.parse("a:nth-of-type(2n+1)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[(position() mod 2)=0]", parser.parse("a:nth-of-type(even)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[(position()>=1) and (((position()-1) mod 2)=0)]", parser.parse("a:nth-of-type(odd)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[(position()>=3) and (((position()-3) mod 4)=0)]", parser.parse("a:nth-of-type(4n+3)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[position()<=3]", parser.parse("a:nth-of-type(-1n+3)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[position()<=3]", parser.parse("a:nth-of-type(-n+3)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[position()>=3]", parser.parse("a:nth-of-type(1n+3)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[position()>=3]", parser.parse("a:nth-of-type(n+3)"))
+
+        assert_xpath("//a[((last()-position()+1) mod 2)=0]", parser.parse("a:nth-last-of-type(2n)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[((last()-position()+1)>=1) and ((((last()-position()+1)-1) mod 2)=0)]", parser.parse("a:nth-last-of-type(2n+1)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[((last()-position()+1) mod 2)=0]", parser.parse("a:nth-last-of-type(even)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[((last()-position()+1)>=1) and ((((last()-position()+1)-1) mod 2)=0)]", parser.parse("a:nth-last-of-type(odd)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[((last()-position()+1)>=3) and ((((last()-position()+1)-3) mod 4)=0)]", parser.parse("a:nth-last-of-type(4n+3)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[(last()-position()+1)<=3]", parser.parse("a:nth-last-of-type(-1n+3)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[(last()-position()+1)<=3]", parser.parse("a:nth-last-of-type(-n+3)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[(last()-position()+1)>=3]", parser.parse("a:nth-last-of-type(1n+3)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[(last()-position()+1)>=3]", parser.parse("a:nth-last-of-type(n+3)"))
       end
 
       it ":not()" do
-        assert_xpath('//ol/*[not(self::li)]', parser.parse('ol > *:not(li)'))
+        assert_xpath("//ol/*[not(self::li)]", parser.parse("ol > *:not(li)"))
         assert_xpath("//*[@id='p' and not(contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' a '))]",
-                     parser.parse('#p:not(.a)'))
+          parser.parse("#p:not(.a)"))
         assert_xpath("//p[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' a ') and not(contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' b '))]",
-                     parser.parse('p.a:not(.b)'))
+          parser.parse("p.a:not(.b)"))
         assert_xpath("//p[@a='foo' and not(contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' b '))]",
-                     parser.parse("p[a='foo']:not(.b)"))
+          parser.parse("p[a='foo']:not(.b)"))
       end
 
       it "chained :not()" do
         assert_xpath("//p[not(contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' a ')) and not(contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' b ')) and not(contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' c '))]",
-                     parser.parse("p:not(.a):not(.b):not(.c)"))
+          parser.parse("p:not(.a):not(.b):not(.c)"))
       end
 
       it "combinations of :not() and nth-and-friends" do
-        assert_xpath('//ol/*[not(count(following-sibling::*)=0)]',
-                     parser.parse('ol > *:not(:last-child)'))
-        assert_xpath('//ol/*[not(count(preceding-sibling::*)=0 and count(following-sibling::*)=0)]',
-                     parser.parse('ol > *:not(:only-child)'))
+        assert_xpath("//ol/*[not(count(following-sibling::*)=0)]",
+          parser.parse("ol > *:not(:last-child)"))
+        assert_xpath("//ol/*[not(count(preceding-sibling::*)=0 and count(following-sibling::*)=0)]",
+          parser.parse("ol > *:not(:only-child)"))
       end
 
       it "miscellaneous pseudo-classes are converted into xpath function calls" do
-        assert_xpath("//a[aaron(.)]", parser.parse('a:aaron'))
-        assert_xpath("//a[aaron(.)]", parser.parse('a:aaron()'))
-        assert_xpath("//a[aaron(.,12)]", parser.parse('a:aaron(12)'))
-        assert_xpath("//a[aaron(.,12,1)]", parser.parse('a:aaron(12, 1)'))
+        assert_xpath("//a[aaron(.)]", parser.parse("a:aaron"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[aaron(.)]", parser.parse("a:aaron()"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[aaron(.,12)]", parser.parse("a:aaron(12)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[aaron(.,12,1)]", parser.parse("a:aaron(12, 1)"))
 
-        assert_xpath("//a[link(.)]", parser.parse('a:link'))
-        assert_xpath("//a[visited(.)]", parser.parse('a:visited'))
-        assert_xpath("//a[hover(.)]", parser.parse('a:hover'))
-        assert_xpath("//a[active(.)]", parser.parse('a:active'))
+        assert_xpath("//a[link(.)]", parser.parse("a:link"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[visited(.)]", parser.parse("a:visited"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[hover(.)]", parser.parse("a:hover"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[active(.)]", parser.parse("a:active"))
 
-        assert_xpath("//a[foo(.,@href)]", parser.parse('a:foo(@href)'))
-        assert_xpath("//a[foo(.,@a,b)]", parser.parse('a:foo(@a, b)'))
-        assert_xpath("//a[foo(.,a,10)]", parser.parse('a:foo(a, 10)'))
-        assert_xpath("//a[foo(.,42)]", parser.parse('a:foo(42)'))
-        assert_xpath("//a[foo(.,'bar')]", parser.parse('a:foo(\'bar\')'))
+        assert_xpath("//a[foo(.,@href)]", parser.parse("a:foo(@href)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[foo(.,@href,@id)]", parser.parse("a:foo(@href, @id)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[foo(.,@a,b)]", parser.parse("a:foo(@a, b)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[foo(.,a,@b)]", parser.parse("a:foo(a, @b)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[foo(.,a,10)]", parser.parse("a:foo(a, 10)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[foo(.,42)]", parser.parse("a:foo(42)"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[foo(.,'bar')]", parser.parse("a:foo('bar')"))
       end
 
       it "bare pseudo-class matches any ident" do
-        assert_xpath("//*[link(.)]", parser.parse(':link'))
-        assert_xpath("//*[not(@id='foo')]", parser.parse(':not(#foo)'))
+        assert_xpath("//*[link(.)]", parser.parse(":link"))
+        assert_xpath("//*[not(@id='foo')]", parser.parse(":not(#foo)"))
         assert_xpath("//*[count(preceding-sibling::*)=0]", parser.parse(":first-child"))
       end
     end
 
     describe "combinators" do
       it "descendant" do
-        assert_xpath('//x//y', parser.parse('x y'))
+        assert_xpath("//x//y", parser.parse("x y"))
       end
 
       it "~ general sibling" do
@@ -301,10 +326,10 @@ def assert_xpath(expecteds, asts)
       end
 
       it "~ general sibling prefixless is relative to context node" do
-        assert_xpath("./following-sibling::a", parser.parse('~a'))
-        assert_xpath("./following-sibling::a", parser.parse('~ a'))
-        assert_xpath("./following-sibling::a//b/following-sibling::i", parser.parse('~a b~i'))
-        assert_xpath("./following-sibling::a//b/following-sibling::i", parser.parse('~ a b ~ i'))
+        assert_xpath("./following-sibling::a", parser.parse("~a"))
+        assert_xpath("./following-sibling::a", parser.parse("~ a"))
+        assert_xpath("./following-sibling::a//b/following-sibling::i", parser.parse("~a b~i"))
+        assert_xpath("./following-sibling::a//b/following-sibling::i", parser.parse("~ a b ~ i"))
       end
 
       it "+ adjacent sibling" do
@@ -313,34 +338,34 @@ def assert_xpath(expecteds, asts)
       end
 
       it "+ adjacent sibling prefixless is relative to context node" do
-        assert_xpath("./following-sibling::*[1]/self::a", parser.parse('+a'))
-        assert_xpath("./following-sibling::*[1]/self::a", parser.parse('+ a'))
-        assert_xpath("./following-sibling::*[1]/self::a/following-sibling::*[1]/self::b", parser.parse('+a+b'))
-        assert_xpath("./following-sibling::*[1]/self::a/following-sibling::*[1]/self::b", parser.parse('+ a + b'))
+        assert_xpath("./following-sibling::*[1]/self::a", parser.parse("+a"))
+        assert_xpath("./following-sibling::*[1]/self::a", parser.parse("+ a"))
+        assert_xpath("./following-sibling::*[1]/self::a/following-sibling::*[1]/self::b", parser.parse("+a+b"))
+        assert_xpath("./following-sibling::*[1]/self::a/following-sibling::*[1]/self::b", parser.parse("+ a + b"))
       end
 
       it "> child" do
-        assert_xpath('//x/y', parser.parse('x > y'))
-        assert_xpath("//a//b/i", parser.parse('a b>i'))
-        assert_xpath("//a//b/i", parser.parse('a b > i'))
-        assert_xpath("//a/b/i", parser.parse('a > b > i'))
+        assert_xpath("//x/y", parser.parse("x > y"))
+        assert_xpath("//a//b/i", parser.parse("a b>i"))
+        assert_xpath("//a//b/i", parser.parse("a b > i"))
+        assert_xpath("//a/b/i", parser.parse("a > b > i"))
       end
 
       it "> child prefixless is relative to context node" do
-        assert_xpath("./a", parser.parse('>a'))
-        assert_xpath("./a", parser.parse('> a'))
-        assert_xpath("./a//b/i", parser.parse('>a b>i'))
-        assert_xpath("./a/b/i", parser.parse('> a > b > i'))
+        assert_xpath("./a", parser.parse(">a"))
+        assert_xpath("./a", parser.parse("> a"))
+        assert_xpath("./a//b/i", parser.parse(">a b>i"))
+        assert_xpath("./a/b/i", parser.parse("> a > b > i"))
       end
 
       it "/ (non-standard)" do
-        assert_xpath('//x/y', parser.parse('x/y'))
-        assert_xpath('//x/y', parser.parse('x / y'))
+        assert_xpath("//x/y", parser.parse("x/y"))
+        assert_xpath("//x/y", parser.parse("x / y"))
       end
 
       it "// (non-standard)" do
-        assert_xpath('//x//y', parser.parse('x//y'))
-        assert_xpath('//x//y', parser.parse('x // y'))
+        assert_xpath("//x//y", parser.parse("x//y"))
+        assert_xpath("//x//y", parser.parse("x // y"))
       end
     end
 
@@ -348,6 +373,10 @@ def assert_xpath(expecteds, asts)
       it "handles text() (non-standard)" do
         assert_xpath("//a[child::text()]", parser.parse("a[text()]"))
         assert_xpath("//child::text()", parser.parse("text()"))
+        assert_xpath("//a//child::text()", parser.parse("a text()"))
+        assert_xpath("//a/child::text()", parser.parse("a / text()"))
+        assert_xpath("//a/child::text()", parser.parse("a > text()"))
+        assert_xpath("//a//child::text()", parser.parse("a text()"))
       end
 
       it "handles comment() (non-standard)" do
@@ -357,105 +386,112 @@ def assert_xpath(expecteds, asts)
       it "supports custom functions" do
         visitor = Class.new(Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor) do
           attr_accessor :awesome
+
           def visit_function_aaron(node)
             @awesome = true
-            'aaron() = 1'
+            "aaron() = 1"
           end
         end.new
-        ast = parser.parse('a:aaron()').first
-        assert_equal 'a[aaron() = 1]', visitor.accept(ast)
+        ast = parser.parse("a:aaron()").first
+        assert_equal "a[aaron() = 1]", visitor.accept(ast)
         assert visitor.awesome
       end
 
       it "supports custom pseudo-classes" do
         visitor = Class.new(Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor) do
           attr_accessor :awesome
+
           def visit_pseudo_class_aaron(node)
             @awesome = true
-            'aaron() = 1'
+            "aaron() = 1"
           end
         end.new
-        ast = parser.parse('a:aaron').first
-        assert_equal 'a[aaron() = 1]', visitor.accept(ast)
+        ast = parser.parse("a:aaron").first
+        assert_equal "a[aaron() = 1]", visitor.accept(ast)
         assert visitor.awesome
       end
     end
 
     it "handles pseudo-class with class selector" do
       assert_xpath("//a[active(.) and contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' foo ')]",
-                   parser.parse('a:active.foo'))
+        parser.parse("a:active.foo"))
       assert_xpath("//a[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' foo ') and active(.)]",
-                   parser.parse('a.foo:active'))
+        parser.parse("a.foo:active"))
     end
 
     it "handles pseudo-class with an id selector" do
-      assert_xpath("//a[@id='foo' and active(.)]", parser.parse('a#foo:active'))
-      assert_xpath("//a[active(.) and @id='foo']", parser.parse('a:active#foo'))
+      assert_xpath("//a[@id='foo' and active(.)]", parser.parse("a#foo:active"))
+      assert_xpath("//a[active(.) and @id='foo']", parser.parse("a:active#foo"))
     end
 
     it "handles function with pseudo-class" do
-      assert_xpath('//child::text()[position()=99]', parser.parse('text():nth-of-type(99)'))
+      assert_xpath("//child::text()[position()=99]", parser.parse("text():nth-of-type(99)"))
     end
 
     it "handles multiple selectors" do
-      assert_xpath(['//x/y', '//y/z'], parser.parse('x > y, y > z'))
-      assert_xpath(['//x/y', '//y/z'], parser.parse('x > y,y > z'))
+      assert_xpath(["//x/y", "//y/z"], parser.parse("x > y, y > z"))
+      assert_xpath(["//x/y", "//y/z"], parser.parse("x > y,y > z"))
       ###
       # TODO: should we make this work?
       # assert_xpath ['//x/y', '//y/z'], parser.parse('x > y | y > z')
     end
-  end
 
-  describe Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitorAlwaysUseBuiltins do
-    let(:parser) { Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.new }
+    describe "builtins:always" do
+      let(:visitor) { Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor.new(builtins: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::BuiltinsConfig::ALWAYS) }
 
-    def assert_xpath(expecteds, asts)
-      expecteds = [expecteds].flatten
-      expecteds.zip(asts).each do |expected, actual|
-        assert_equal(expected, actual.to_xpath("//", Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitorAlwaysUseBuiltins.new))
+      it "exposes its configuration" do
+        assert_equal({ builtins: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::BuiltinsConfig::ALWAYS, doctype: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::DoctypeConfig::XML }, visitor.config)
       end
-    end
 
-    it ". class" do
-      assert_xpath("//*[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'awesome')]",
-                   parser.parse('.awesome'))
-      assert_xpath("//foo[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'awesome')]",
-                     parser.parse('foo.awesome'))
-      assert_xpath("//foo//*[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'awesome')]",
-                     parser.parse('foo .awesome'))
-      assert_xpath("//foo//*[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'awe.some')]",
-                     parser.parse('foo .awe\.some'))
-      assert_xpath("//*[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'a') and nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'b')]",
-                   parser.parse('.a.b'))
-    end
+      it ". class" do
+        assert_xpath("//*[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'awesome')]",
+          parser.parse(".awesome"))
+        assert_xpath("//foo[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'awesome')]",
+          parser.parse("foo.awesome"))
+        assert_xpath("//foo//*[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'awesome')]",
+          parser.parse("foo .awesome"))
+        assert_xpath("//foo//*[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'awe.some')]",
+          parser.parse("foo .awe\\.some"))
+        assert_xpath("//*[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'a') and nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'b')]",
+          parser.parse(".a.b"))
+      end
 
-    it "~=" do
-      assert_xpath("//a[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'bar')]",
-                   parser.parse("a[@class~='bar']"))
-      assert_xpath("//a[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'bar')]",
-                   parser.parse("a[@class ~= 'bar']"))
-      assert_xpath("//a[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'bar')]",
-                   parser.parse("a[@class~=bar]"))
-      assert_xpath("//a[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'bar')]",
-                   parser.parse("a[@class~=\"bar\"]"))
-      assert_xpath("//a[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@data-words,'bar')]",
-                   parser.parse("a[data-words~=\"bar\"]"))
-      assert_xpath("//a[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@data-words,'bar')]",
-                   parser.parse("a[@data-words~=\"bar\"]"))
+      it "~=" do
+        assert_xpath("//a[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'bar')]",
+          parser.parse("a[@class~='bar']"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'bar')]",
+          parser.parse("a[@class ~= 'bar']"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'bar')]",
+          parser.parse("a[@class~=bar]"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'bar')]",
+          parser.parse("a[@class~=\"bar\"]"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@data-words,'bar')]",
+          parser.parse("a[data-words~=\"bar\"]"))
+        assert_xpath("//a[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@data-words,'bar')]",
+          parser.parse("a[@data-words~=\"bar\"]"))
+      end
+
+      describe "XPathVisitorAlwaysUseBuiltins" do
+        let(:visitor) { Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitorAlwaysUseBuiltins.new }
+
+        it "supports deprecated class" do
+          assert_output("", /XPathVisitorAlwaysUseBuiltins is deprecated/) { visitor }
+          assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor, visitor)
+          assert_equal({ builtins: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::BuiltinsConfig::ALWAYS, doctype: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::DoctypeConfig::XML }, visitor.config)
+
+          assert_xpath("//*[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'awesome')]",
+            parser.parse(".awesome"))
+        end
+      end
     end
-  end
 
-  describe Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitorOptimallyUseBuiltins do
-    let(:parser) { Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.new }
+    describe "builtins:optimal" do
+      let(:visitor) { Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor.new(builtins: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::BuiltinsConfig::OPTIMAL) }
 
-    def assert_xpath(expecteds, asts)
-      expecteds = [expecteds].flatten
-      expecteds.zip(asts).each do |expected, actual|
-        assert_equal(expected, actual.to_xpath("//", Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitorOptimallyUseBuiltins.new))
+      it "exposes its configuration" do
+        assert_equal({ builtins: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::BuiltinsConfig::OPTIMAL, doctype: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::DoctypeConfig::XML }, visitor.config)
       end
-    end
 
-    describe "css class lookup" do
       #
       #  only use the builtin css-class method if we're in libxml2, because incredibly the native
       #  impl is slower in JRuby:
@@ -499,20 +535,125 @@ def assert_xpath(expecteds, asts)
       it ". class" do
         if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
           assert_xpath("//*[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'awesome')]",
-                       parser.parse('.awesome'))
+            parser.parse(".awesome"))
         else
           assert_xpath("//*[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' awesome ')]",
-                       parser.parse('.awesome'))
+            parser.parse(".awesome"))
         end
       end
 
       it "~=" do
         if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
           assert_xpath("//a[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'bar')]",
-                       parser.parse("a[@class~='bar']"))
+            parser.parse("a[@class~='bar']"))
         else
           assert_xpath("//a[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' bar ')]",
-                       parser.parse("a[@class~='bar']"))
+            parser.parse("a[@class~='bar']"))
+        end
+      end
+
+      describe "XPathVisitorOptimallyUseBuiltins" do
+        let(:visitor) { Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitorOptimallyUseBuiltins.new }
+
+        it "supports deprecated class" do
+          assert_output("", /XPathVisitorOptimallyUseBuiltins is deprecated/) { visitor }
+          assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor, visitor)
+          assert_equal({ builtins: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::BuiltinsConfig::OPTIMAL, doctype: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::DoctypeConfig::XML }, visitor.config)
+
+          if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
+            assert_xpath("//*[nokogiri-builtin:css-class(@class,'awesome')]",
+              parser.parse(".awesome"))
+          else
+            assert_xpath("//*[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' awesome ')]",
+              parser.parse(".awesome"))
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    #
+    #  HTML5 documents have namespaces, and gumbo attaches namespaces to the relevant elements; but
+    #  CSS selectors should not require namespaces. See #2376 for the discussion around this design
+    #  decision, along with some of the relevant benchmarks and call stack analyses.
+    #
+    #  (HTML5 today is only supported by CRuby/gumbo/libxml2 and so we'll ignore JRuby support for
+    #  now.)
+    #
+    #  The way to implement this CSS search using standard XPath 1.0 queries is to check for a match
+    #  with `local-name()`. However, this is about ~10x slower than a standard search along the
+    #  `child` axis.
+    #
+    #  I've written a builtin function in C named `nokogiri-builtin:local-name-is()` which is a bit
+    #  faster, but still ~7x slower than a standard search.
+    #
+    #  Finally, I've patched libxml2 to support wildcard namespaces, and this is ~1.1x slower but
+    #  only available with the packaged libxml2.
+    #
+    #  In any case, the logic for the html5 builtins here goes:
+    #
+    #    if ALWAYS or (OPTIMAL and libxml2)
+    #      if we've patched libxml2 with wildcard support
+    #        use wildard namespacing
+    #      else
+    #        use `nokogiri-builtin:local-name-is()`
+    #    else
+    #      use `local-name()`
+    #
+    describe "doctype:html5" do
+      let(:visitor) do
+        Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor.new(
+          doctype: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::DoctypeConfig::HTML5,
+          builtins: builtins,
+        )
+      end
+
+      describe "builtins:always" do
+        let(:builtins) { Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::BuiltinsConfig::ALWAYS }
+
+        it "matches on the element's local-name, ignoring namespaces" do
+          if Nokogiri.libxml2_patches.include?("0009-allow-wildcard-namespaces.patch")
+            assert_xpath("//*:foo", parser.parse("foo"))
+          else
+            assert_xpath("//*[nokogiri-builtin:local-name-is('foo')]", parser.parse("foo"))
+          end
+        end
+
+        it "avoids the wildcard when using namespaces" do
+          assert_xpath("//ns1:foo", parser.parse("ns1|foo"))
+        end
+
+        it "avoids the wildcard when using attribute selectors" do
+          if Nokogiri.libxml2_patches.include?("0009-allow-wildcard-namespaces.patch")
+            assert_xpath("//*:a/@href", parser.parse("a/@href"))
+          else
+            assert_xpath("//*[nokogiri-builtin:local-name-is('a')]/@href", parser.parse("a/@href"))
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      describe "builtins:never" do
+        let(:builtins) { Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::BuiltinsConfig::NEVER }
+        it "matches on the element's local-name, ignoring namespaces" do
+          assert_xpath("//*[local-name()='foo']", parser.parse("foo"))
+        end
+
+        it "avoids the wildcard when using attribute selectors" do
+          assert_xpath("//*[local-name()='a']/@href", parser.parse("a/@href"))
+        end
+      end
+
+      describe "builtins:optimal" do
+        let(:builtins) { Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::BuiltinsConfig::OPTIMAL }
+        it "matches on the element's local-name, ignoring namespaces" do
+          if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
+            if Nokogiri.libxml2_patches.include?("0009-allow-wildcard-namespaces.patch")
+              assert_xpath("//*:foo", parser.parse("foo"))
+            else
+              assert_xpath("//*[nokogiri-builtin:local-name-is('foo')]", parser.parse("foo"))
+            end
+          else
+            assert_xpath("//*[local-name()='foo']", parser.parse("foo"))
+          end
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/test/decorators/test_slop.rb b/test/decorators/test_slop.rb
index c591c12852..8a8106b166 100644
--- a/test/decorators/test_slop.rb
+++ b/test/decorators/test_slop.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -20,28 +22,28 @@ class TestSlop < Nokogiri::TestCase
     def test_slop
       doc = Nokogiri::Slop(SLOP_HTML)
 
-      assert_equal "one", doc.html.body.ul.li.first.text
-      assert_equal "two", doc.html.body.ul.li(".blue").text
-      assert_equal "div two", doc.html.body.div.div.text
+      assert_equal("one", doc.html.body.ul.li.first.text)
+      assert_equal("two", doc.html.body.ul.li(".blue").text)
+      assert_equal("div two", doc.html.body.div.div.text)
 
-      assert_equal "two", doc.html.body.ul.li(:css => ".blue").text
+      assert_equal("two", doc.html.body.ul.li(css: ".blue").text)
 
-      assert_equal "two", doc.html.body.ul.li(:xpath => "position()=2").text
-      assert_equal "one", doc.html.body.ul.li(:xpath => ["contains(text(),'o')"]).first.text
-      assert_equal "two", doc.html.body.ul.li(:xpath => ["contains(text(),'o')", "contains(text(),'t')"]).text
+      assert_equal("two", doc.html.body.ul.li(xpath: "position()=2").text)
+      assert_equal("one", doc.html.body.ul.li(xpath: ["contains(text(),'o')"]).first.text)
+      assert_equal("two", doc.html.body.ul.li(xpath: ["contains(text(),'o')", "contains(text(),'t')"]).text)
 
-      assert_raise(NoMethodError) { doc.nonexistent }
+      assert_raises(NoMethodError) { doc.nonexistent }
     end
 
     def test_slop_decorator
       doc = Nokogiri(SLOP_HTML)
-      assert !doc.decorators(Nokogiri::XML::Node).include?(Nokogiri::Decorators::Slop)
+      refute_includes(doc.decorators(Nokogiri::XML::Node), Nokogiri::Decorators::Slop)
 
       doc.slop!
-      assert doc.decorators(Nokogiri::XML::Node).include?(Nokogiri::Decorators::Slop)
+      assert_includes(doc.decorators(Nokogiri::XML::Node), Nokogiri::Decorators::Slop)
 
       doc.slop!
-      assert_equal 1, doc.decorators(Nokogiri::XML::Node).select { |d| d == Nokogiri::Decorators::Slop }.size
+      assert_equal(1, doc.decorators(Nokogiri::XML::Node).count { |d| d == Nokogiri::Decorators::Slop })
     end
 
     def test_slop_css
@@ -60,7 +62,7 @@ def test_slop_css
           </body>
         </html>
       eohtml
-      assert_equal "div", doc.html.body.div.div(".foo").name
+      assert_equal("div", doc.html.body.div.div(".foo").name)
     end
 
     def test_description_tag
@@ -71,14 +73,14 @@ def test_description_tag
         </item>
       eoxml
 
-      assert doc.item.respond_to?(:title)
-      assert_equal "foo", doc.item.title.text
+      assert_respond_to(doc.item, :title)
+      assert_equal("foo", doc.item.title.text)
 
-      assert doc.item.respond_to?(:_description), "should have description"
-      assert_equal "this is the foo thing", doc.item._description.text
+      assert_respond_to(doc.item, :_description, "should have description")
+      assert_equal("this is the foo thing", doc.item._description.text)
 
-      assert !doc.item.respond_to?(:foo)
-      assert_raise(NoMethodError) { doc.item.foo }
+      refute_respond_to(doc.item, :foo)
+      assert_raises(NoMethodError) { doc.item.foo }
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/files/huge-xpath-query.txt b/test/files/huge-xpath-query.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..edcdf0dd43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/files/huge-xpath-query.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+(                 (((sum(ct:AIACapitalAllowancesInc) + sum(../ct:NotIncluded/ct:AIACapitalAllowancesNotInc))) - (( (   ceiling(     (   number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2015-04-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))) *    number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400))) *   (     (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2015-04-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400))) *       (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D')))) div 86400) - round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400))     ) + (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2015-04-01')) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400))) *       (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D')))) div 86400) - round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2015-04-01')) div 86400))     ) + (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2015-04-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))) *       (round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400) - round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400))     ) + (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2015-04-01')) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))) *       (round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400) - round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2015-04-01')) div 86400))     )   ) * 500000     div       (366 -   number(     (       (         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2015-04-01')) div 86400))       and         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2015-04-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))       )       or       (         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400))       and         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))       )       or       (         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400))       and         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))       )       or       (         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400))       and         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))       )     )     or ((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400) - round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400)) + 1 < 366)   ))      )   )   +   ceiling(     (   number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))) *    number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400))) *   (     (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400))) *       (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D')))) div 86400) - round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400))     ) + (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400))) *       (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D')))) div 86400) - round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400))     ) + (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))) *       (round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400) - round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400))     ) + (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))) *       (round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400) - round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400))     )   ) * 200000     div       (366 -   number(     (       (         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2015-04-01')) div 86400))       and         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2015-04-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))       )       or       (         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400))       and         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))       )       or       (         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400))       and         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))       )       or       (         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400))       and         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))       )     )     or ((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400) - round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400)) + 1 < 366)   ))      )   )   +   ceiling(     (   number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))) *    number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400))) *   (     (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400))) *       (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D')))) div 86400) - round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400))     ) + (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400))) *       (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D')))) div 86400) - round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400))     ) + (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))) *       (round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400) - round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400))     ) + (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))) *       (round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400) - round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400))     )   ) * 1000000     div       (366 -   number(     (       (         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2015-04-01')) div 86400))       and         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2015-04-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))       )       or       (         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400))       and         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))       )       or       (         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400))       and         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))       )       or       (         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400))       and         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))       )     )     or ((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400) - round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400)) + 1 < 366)   ))      )   )   +   ceiling(     (   number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))) *    (     (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400))) *       (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D')))) div 86400) - round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400))     ) + (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400))) *       (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D')))) div 86400) - round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400))     )  ) * 200000     div       (366 -   number(     (       (         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2015-04-01')) div 86400))       and         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2015-04-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))       )       or       (         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400))       and         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))       )       or       (         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400))       and         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))       )       or       (         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400))       and         (round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))       )     )     or ((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400) - round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400)) + 1 < 366)   ))      )   ) ) )) < 0.001)               )                 or               (                 (                   date:day-in-month(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) = 1 and date:day-in-month(normalize-space(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1DT12H')))) = 1                 )                   and                 (                   (((sum(ct:AIACapitalAllowancesInc) + sum(../ct:NotIncluded/ct:AIACapitalAllowancesNotInc))) - (((   ceiling(     (   number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2015-04-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))) *    number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400))) *   (     (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2015-04-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400))) *       (12 * (date:year(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D'))) - date:year(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) + date:month-in-year(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D'))) - date:month-in-year(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From))     ) + (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2015-04-01')) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400))) *       (12 * (date:year(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D'))) - date:year('2015-04-01')) + date:month-in-year(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D'))) - date:month-in-year('2015-04-01'))     ) + (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2015-04-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))) *       (12 * (date:year('2016-01-01') - date:year(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) + date:month-in-year('2016-01-01') - date:month-in-year(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From))     ) + (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2015-04-01')) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))) *       (12 * (date:year('2016-01-01') - date:year('2015-04-01')) + date:month-in-year('2016-01-01') - date:month-in-year('2015-04-01'))     )   ) * 500000     div     12     )   )   +   ceiling(     (   number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))) *    number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400))) *   (     (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400))) *       (12 * (date:year(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D'))) - date:year(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) + date:month-in-year(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D'))) - date:month-in-year(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From))     ) + (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400))) *       (12 * (date:year(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D'))) - date:year('2016-01-01')) + date:month-in-year(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D'))) - date:month-in-year('2016-01-01'))     ) + (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))) *       (12 * (date:year('2019-01-01') - date:year(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) + date:month-in-year('2019-01-01') - date:month-in-year(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From))     ) + (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2016-01-01')) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))) *       (12 * (date:year('2019-01-01') - date:year('2016-01-01')) + date:month-in-year('2019-01-01') - date:month-in-year('2016-01-01'))     )   ) * 200000     div     12     )   )   +   ceiling(     (   number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))) *    number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400))) *   (     (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400))) *       (12 * (date:year(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D'))) - date:year(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) + date:month-in-year(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D'))) - date:month-in-year(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From))     ) + (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400))) *       (12 * (date:year(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D'))) - date:year('2019-01-01')) + date:month-in-year(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D'))) - date:month-in-year('2019-01-01'))     ) + (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))) *       (12 * (date:year('2022-01-01') - date:year(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) + date:month-in-year('2022-01-01') - date:month-in-year(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From))     ) + (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2019-01-01')) div 86400))) *       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))) *       (12 * (date:year('2022-01-01') - date:year('2019-01-01')) + date:month-in-year('2022-01-01') - date:month-in-year('2019-01-01'))     )   ) * 1000000     div     12     )   )   +   ceiling(     (   number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To)) div 86400))) *    (     (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400) <= round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400))) *       (12 * (date:year(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D'))) - date:year(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) + date:month-in-year(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D'))) - date:month-in-year(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From))     ) + (       number((round(date:seconds(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:From)) div 86400) < round(date:seconds(normalize-space('2022-01-01')) div 86400))) *       (12 * (date:year(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D'))) - date:year('2022-01-01')) + date:month-in-year(date:add(normalize-space(../ct:CompanyInformation/ct:PeriodCovered/ct:To),normalize-space('P1D'))) - date:month-in-year('2022-01-01'))     )  ) * 200000     div     12     )   ) ) )) < 0.001)                 )                )
diff --git a/test/helper.rb b/test/helper.rb
index eed661705c..61634cca62 100644
--- a/test/helper.rb
+++ b/test/helper.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #
 # Some environment variables that are used to configure the test suite:
 # - NOKOGIRI_TEST_FAIL_FAST: if set to anything, emit test failure messages immediately upon failure
@@ -6,33 +7,37 @@
 #   - "normal" - normal GC functionality
 #   - "minor" - force a minor GC cycle after each test
 #   - "major" (default for Rubies without compaction) - force a major GC cycle after each test
-#   - "compact" (default for Rubies with compaction) - force a major GC and a compaction after each test
-#   - "verify" - force a major GC, a compaction, and verify references after each test
+#   - "compact" (default for Rubies with compaction) - force a major GC after each test and GC compaction after every 20 tests
+#   - "verify" - force a major GC after each test and verify references-after-compaction after every 20 tests
 #   - "stress" - run tests with GC.stress set to true
 # - NOKOGIRI_GC: read more in test/test_memory_leak.rb
 #
-require 'simplecov'
+
+# make sure we do one final major before the process exits (for valgrind)
+at_exit { GC.start(full_mark: true) } unless ::RUBY_PLATFORM == "java"
+
+require "simplecov"
 SimpleCov.start do
   add_filter "/test/"
 end
 
 $VERBOSE = true
 
-require 'minitest/autorun'
-require 'minitest/reporters'
+require "minitest/autorun"
+require "minitest/reporters"
 NOKOGIRI_MINITEST_REPORTERS_OPTIONS = { color: true, slow_count: 10, detailed_skip: false }
 NOKOGIRI_MINITEST_REPORTERS_OPTIONS[:fast_fail] = true if ENV["NOKOGIRI_TEST_FAIL_FAST"]
 puts "Minitest::Reporters options: #{NOKOGIRI_MINITEST_REPORTERS_OPTIONS}"
 Minitest::Reporters.use!(Minitest::Reporters::DefaultReporter.new(NOKOGIRI_MINITEST_REPORTERS_OPTIONS))
 
-require 'fileutils'
-require 'tempfile'
-require 'pp'
-require 'yaml'
+require "fileutils"
+require "tempfile"
+require "pp"
+require "yaml"
 
-require 'nokogiri'
+require "nokogiri"
 
-if ENV['TEST_NOKOGIRI_WITH_LIBXML_RUBY']
+if ENV["TEST_NOKOGIRI_WITH_LIBXML_RUBY"]
   #
   #  if you'd like to test with the libxml-ruby gem loaded, it's
   #  recommended that you set
@@ -42,7 +47,7 @@
   #  which will a) bundle that gem, and b) set the appropriate env var to
   #  trigger this block
   #
-  require 'libxml'
+  require "libxml"
   warn "#{__FILE__}:#{__LINE__}: loaded libxml-ruby '#{LibXML::XML::VERSION}'"
 end
 
@@ -51,35 +56,35 @@
 
 module Nokogiri
   class TestCase < MiniTest::Spec
-    ASSETS_DIR           = File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), 'files'))
-    ADDRESS_SCHEMA_FILE  = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, 'address_book.rlx')
-    ADDRESS_XML_FILE     = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, 'address_book.xml')
-    ENCODING_HTML_FILE   = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, 'encoding.html')
-    ENCODING_XHTML_FILE  = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, 'encoding.xhtml')
-    EXML_FILE            = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, 'exslt.xml')
-    EXSLT_FILE           = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, 'exslt.xslt')
-    HTML_FILE            = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, 'tlm.html')
-    METACHARSET_FILE     = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, 'metacharset.html')
-    NICH_FILE            = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, '2ch.html')
-    NOENCODING_FILE      = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, 'noencoding.html')
-    PO_SCHEMA_FILE       = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, 'po.xsd')
-    PO_XML_FILE          = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, 'po.xml')
-    SHIFT_JIS_HTML       = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, 'shift_jis.html')
-    SHIFT_JIS_NO_CHARSET = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, 'shift_jis_no_charset.html')
-    SHIFT_JIS_XML        = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, 'shift_jis.xml')
-    SNUGGLES_FILE        = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, 'snuggles.xml')
-    XML_FILE             = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, 'staff.xml')
-    XML_XINCLUDE_FILE    = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, 'xinclude.xml')
-    XML_ATOM_FILE        = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, 'atom.xml')
-    XSLT_FILE            = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, 'staff.xslt')
-    XPATH_FILE           = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, 'slow-xpath.xml')
+    ASSETS_DIR           = File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "files"))
+    ADDRESS_SCHEMA_FILE  = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "address_book.rlx")
+    ADDRESS_XML_FILE     = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "address_book.xml")
+    ENCODING_HTML_FILE   = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "encoding.html")
+    ENCODING_XHTML_FILE  = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "encoding.xhtml")
+    EXML_FILE            = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "exslt.xml")
+    EXSLT_FILE           = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "exslt.xslt")
+    HTML_FILE            = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "tlm.html")
+    METACHARSET_FILE     = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "metacharset.html")
+    NICH_FILE            = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "2ch.html")
+    NOENCODING_FILE      = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "noencoding.html")
+    PO_SCHEMA_FILE       = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "po.xsd")
+    PO_XML_FILE          = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "po.xml")
+    SHIFT_JIS_HTML       = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "shift_jis.html")
+    SHIFT_JIS_NO_CHARSET = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "shift_jis_no_charset.html")
+    SHIFT_JIS_XML        = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "shift_jis.xml")
+    SNUGGLES_FILE        = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "snuggles.xml")
+    XML_FILE             = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "staff.xml")
+    XML_XINCLUDE_FILE    = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "xinclude.xml")
+    XML_ATOM_FILE        = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "atom.xml")
+    XSLT_FILE            = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "staff.xslt")
+    XPATH_FILE           = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "slow-xpath.xml")
 
     unless Nokogiri.jruby?
-      GC_LEVEL = if ["stress", "major", "minor", "normal"].include?(ENV['NOKOGIRI_TEST_GC_LEVEL'])
-        ENV['NOKOGIRI_TEST_GC_LEVEL']
-      elsif (ENV['NOKOGIRI_TEST_GC_LEVEL'] == "compact") && defined?(GC.compact)
+      GC_LEVEL = if ["stress", "major", "minor", "normal"].include?(ENV["NOKOGIRI_TEST_GC_LEVEL"])
+        ENV["NOKOGIRI_TEST_GC_LEVEL"]
+      elsif (ENV["NOKOGIRI_TEST_GC_LEVEL"] == "compact") && defined?(GC.compact)
         "compact"
-      elsif (ENV['NOKOGIRI_TEST_GC_LEVEL'] == "verify") && defined?(GC.verify_compaction_references)
+      elsif (ENV["NOKOGIRI_TEST_GC_LEVEL"] == "verify") && defined?(GC.verify_compaction_references)
         "verify"
       else
         defined?(GC.compact) ? "compact" : "major"
@@ -87,7 +92,11 @@ class TestCase < MiniTest::Spec
       warn "#{__FILE__}:#{__LINE__}: NOKOGIRI_TEST_GC_LEVEL: #{GC_LEVEL}"
     end
 
+    COMPACT_EVERY = 20
+    @@test_count = 0 # rubocop:disable Style/ClassVars
+
     def setup
+      @@test_count += 1 # rubocop:disable Style/ClassVars
       if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
         @fake_error_handler_called = false
         Nokogiri::Test.__foreign_error_handler do
@@ -110,10 +119,16 @@ def teardown
         when "major"
           GC.start(full_mark: true)
         when "compact"
-          GC.compact
+          if @@test_count % COMPACT_EVERY == 0
+            GC.compact
+          else
+            GC.start(full_mark: true)
+          end
         when "verify"
-          # https://alanwu.space/post/check-compaction/
-          GC.verify_compaction_references(double_heap: true, toward: :empty)
+          if @@test_count % COMPACT_EVERY == 0
+            # https://alanwu.space/post/check-compaction/
+            GC.verify_compaction_references(double_heap: true, toward: :empty)
+          end
           GC.start(full_mark: true)
         when "stress"
           GC.stress = false
@@ -138,11 +153,22 @@ def stress_memory_while(&block)
       end
     end
 
-    def skip_unless_libxml2(msg="this test should only run with libxml2")
+    def skip_unless_libxml2(msg = "this test should only run with libxml2")
       skip(msg) unless Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
     end
 
-    def skip_unless_jruby(msg="this test should only run with jruby")
+    def skip_unless_libxml2_patch(patch_name)
+      patch_dir = File.join(__dir__, "..", "patches", "libxml2")
+      if File.directory?(patch_dir) && !File.exist?(File.join(patch_dir, patch_name))
+        raise("checking for nonexistent patch file #{patch_name.inspect}")
+      end
+
+      unless Nokogiri.libxml2_patches.include?(patch_name)
+        skip("this test needs libxml2 patched with #{patch_name}")
+      end
+    end
+
+    def skip_unless_jruby(msg = "this test should only run with jruby")
       skip(msg) unless Nokogiri.jruby?
     end
 
@@ -160,9 +186,9 @@ def assert_indent(amount, doc, message = nil)
       doc.traverse do |node|
         nodes << node if node.text? && node.blank?
       end
-      assert(nodes.length > 0)
+      refute_empty(nodes)
       nodes.each do |node|
-        len = node.content.gsub(/[\r\n]/, '').length
+        len = node.content.gsub(/[\r\n]/, "").length
         assert_equal(0, len % amount, message)
       end
     end
@@ -173,22 +199,29 @@ def util_decorate(document, decorator_module)
       document.decorate!
     end
 
-    #
-    #  Test::Unit backwards compatibility section
-    #
-    alias_method :assert_no_match, :refute_match
-    alias_method :assert_not_nil, :refute_nil
-    alias_method :assert_raise, :assert_raises
-    alias_method :assert_not_equal, :refute_equal
-
     def assert_not_send(send_ary, m = nil)
       recv, msg, *args = send_ary
       m = message(m) do
         "Expected #{mu_pp(recv)}.#{msg}(*#{mu_pp(args)}) to return false"
       end
-      assert(!recv.__send__(msg, *args), m)
+      refute(recv.__send__(msg, *args), m)
     end unless method_defined?(:assert_not_send)
 
+    def pending(msg)
+      begin
+        yield
+      rescue MiniTest::Assertion
+        skip("pending #{msg}")
+      end
+      flunk("pending test unexpectedly passed: #{msg}")
+    end
+
+    def pending_if(msg, pend_eh, &block)
+      return yield unless pend_eh
+
+      pending(msg, &block)
+    end
+
     def i_am_ruby_matching(gem_version_requirement_string)
       Gem::Requirement.new(gem_version_requirement_string).satisfied_by?(Gem::Version.new(RUBY_VERSION))
     end
@@ -201,6 +234,14 @@ def i_am_running_in_valgrind
       # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/365458/how-can-i-detect-if-a-program-is-running-from-within-valgrind/62364698#62364698
       ENV["LD_PRELOAD"] =~ /valgrind|vgpreload/
     end
+
+    def i_am_running_with_asan
+      # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/35012059/check-whether-sanitizer-like-addresssanitizer-is-active
+
+      %x"ldd #{Gem.ruby}".include?("libasan.so")
+    rescue
+      false
+    end
   end
 
   module SAX
@@ -293,6 +334,7 @@ class DocWithOrderedItems < XML::SAX::Document
         attr_reader :items
 
         def initialize
+          super
           # [
           #   [ :method_1, argument_1, ... ],
           #   [ :method_2, argument_2, ... ],
@@ -308,7 +350,7 @@ def initialize
           :start_element_namespace, :end_element_namespace,
           :characters, :comment, :cdata_block,
           :processing_instruction,
-          :error, :warning
+          :error, :warning,
         ].each do |name|
           define_method name do |*arguments|
             @items << [name, *arguments]
diff --git a/test/html/sax/test_parser_context.rb b/test/html/sax/test_parser_context.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 5d1f5aac20..0000000000
--- a/test/html/sax/test_parser_context.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-
-require "helper"
-
-module Nokogiri
-  module HTML
-    module SAX
-      class TestParserContext < Nokogiri::SAX::TestCase
-        def test_from_io
-          ctx = ParserContext.new StringIO.new('fo'), 'UTF-8'
-          assert ctx
-        end
-
-        def test_from_string
-          ctx = ParserContext.new 'blah blah'
-          assert ctx
-        end
-
-        def test_parse_with
-          ctx = ParserContext.new 'blah'
-          assert_raises ArgumentError do
-            ctx.parse_with nil
-          end
-        end
-
-        def test_parse_with_sax_parser
-          # assert_nothing_raised do
-            xml = "<root />"
-            ctx = ParserContext.new xml
-            parser = Parser.new Doc.new
-            ctx.parse_with parser
-          # end
-        end
-
-        def test_from_file
-          # assert_nothing_raised do
-            ctx = ParserContext.file HTML_FILE, 'UTF-8'
-            parser = Parser.new Doc.new
-            ctx.parse_with parser
-          # end
-        end
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
-
diff --git a/test/html/sax/test_parser_text.rb b/test/html/sax/test_parser_text.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1784f06cbe..0000000000
--- a/test/html/sax/test_parser_text.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,163 +0,0 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-require "helper"
-
-module Nokogiri
-  module HTML
-    module SAX
-      class TestParserText < Nokogiri::SAX::TestCase
-        def setup
-          super
-          @doc    = DocWithOrderedItems.new
-          @parser = HTML::SAX::Parser.new @doc
-        end
-
-        def test_texts_order
-          html = <<-eohtml
-            <!DOCTYPE html>
-            <html>
-              <head></head>
-              <body>
-                text 0
-                <p>
-                  text 1
-                  <span>text 2</span>
-                  text 3
-                </p>
-
-                text 4
-                <!--
-                text 5
-                -->
-
-                <p>
-                  <!-- text 6 -->
-                  <span><!-- text 7 --></span>
-                  <!-- text 8 -->
-                </p>
-
-                <!-- text 9 -->
-              </body>
-            </html>
-          eohtml
-
-          @parser.parse html
-          items = @doc.items.get_root_content "body"
-          items = items.select_methods [
-            :start_element, :end_element,
-            :characters, :comment
-          ]
-          items.strip_text! [:characters, :comment]
-
-          assert_equal [
-            [:characters, 'text 0'],
-
-            [:start_element, 'p', []],
-            [:characters, 'text 1'],
-
-            [:start_element, 'span', []],
-            [:characters, 'text 2'],
-            [:end_element, 'span'],
-
-            [:characters, 'text 3'],
-            [:end_element, 'p'],
-
-            [:characters, 'text 4'],
-            [:comment, 'text 5'],
-            [:characters, ''],
-
-            [:start_element, 'p', []],
-            [:characters, ''],
-            [:comment, 'text 6'],
-            [:characters, ''],
-
-            [:start_element, 'span', []],
-            [:comment, 'text 7'],
-            [:end_element, 'span'],
-            [:characters, ''],
-
-            [:comment, 'text 8'],
-            [:characters, ''],
-            [:end_element, 'p'],
-            [:characters, ''],
-
-            [:comment, 'text 9'],
-            [:characters, '']
-          ], items
-
-          nil
-        end
-
-        def text_whitespace
-          html = <<-eohtml
-            <!DOCTYPE html>
-            <html>
-              <head></head>
-              <body>
-                <p>
-                  <span></span>
-                  <span> </span>
-                  <span>
-
-                  </span>
-                </p>
-                <p>
-                  <!---->
-                  <!-- -->
-                  <!--
-
-                  -->
-                </p>
-              </body>
-            </html>
-          eohtml
-
-          @parser.parse html
-          items = @doc.items.get_root_content "body"
-          items = items.select_methods [
-            :start_element, :end_element,
-            :characters, :comment
-          ]
-          items.strip_text! [:characters, :comment]
-
-          assert_equal [
-            [:characters, ''],
-            [:start_element, 'p', []],
-
-            [:characters, ''],
-            [:start_element, 'span', []],
-            [:end_element, 'span'],
-            [:characters, ''],
-
-            [:start_element, 'span', []],
-            [:characters, ''],
-            [:end_element, 'span'],
-            [:characters, ''],
-
-            [:start_element, 'span', []],
-            [:characters, ''],
-            [:end_element, 'span'],
-            [:characters, ''],
-
-            [:end_element, 'p'],
-            [:characters, ''],
-
-            [:start_element, 'p', []],
-            [:characters, ''],
-
-            [:comment, ''],
-            [:characters, ''],
-            [:comment, ''],
-            [:characters, ''],
-            [:comment, ''],
-            [:characters, ''],
-
-            [:end_element, 'p'],
-            [:characters, '']
-          ], items
-
-          nil
-        end
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/test/html/test_builder.rb b/test/html/test_builder.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index ea2fff5e25..0000000000
--- a/test/html/test_builder.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-require "helper"
-
-module Nokogiri
-  module HTML
-    class TestBuilder < Nokogiri::TestCase
-      def test_top_level_function_builds
-        foo = nil
-        Nokogiri() { |xml| foo = xml }
-        assert_instance_of Nokogiri::HTML::Builder, foo
-      end
-
-      def test_builder_with_explicit_tags
-        html_doc = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new {
-          div.slide(:class => 'another_class') {
-            node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("id", doc)
-            node.content = "hello"
-            insert(node)
-          }
-        }.doc
-        assert_equal 1, html_doc.css('div.slide > id').length
-        assert_equal 'hello', html_doc.at('div.slide > id').content
-      end
-
-      def test_hash_as_attributes_for_attribute_method
-        html = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new { ||
-          div.slide(:class => 'another_class') {
-            span 'Slide 1'
-          }
-        }.to_html
-        assert_match 'class="slide another_class"', html
-      end
-
-      def test_hash_as_attributes
-        builder = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new do
-          div(:id => 'awesome') {
-            h1 "america"
-          }
-        end
-        assert_equal('<div id="awesome"><h1>america</h1></div>',
-                     builder.doc.root.to_html.gsub(/\n/, '').gsub(/>\s*</, '><'))
-      end
-
-      def test_href_with_attributes
-        uri = 'http://tenderlovemaking.com/'
-        built = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new {
-          div {
-            a('King Khan & The Shrines', :href => uri)
-          }
-        }
-        assert_equal 'http://tenderlovemaking.com/',
-          built.doc.at('a')[:href]
-      end
-
-      def test_tag_nesting
-        builder = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new do
-          body {
-            span.left ''
-            span.middle {
-              div.icon ''
-            }
-            span.right ''
-          }
-        end
-        assert node = builder.doc.css('span.right').first
-        assert_equal 'middle', node.previous_sibling['class']
-      end
-
-      def test_has_ampersand
-        builder = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new do
-          div.rad.thing! {
-            text "<awe&some>"
-            b "hello & world"
-          }
-        end
-        assert_equal(
-          '<div class="rad" id="thing">&lt;awe&amp;some&gt;<b>hello &amp; world</b></div>',
-                     builder.doc.root.to_html.gsub(/\n/, ''))
-      end
-
-      def test_multi_tags
-        builder = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new do
-          div.rad.thing! {
-            text "<awesome>"
-            b "hello"
-          }
-        end
-        assert_equal(
-          '<div class="rad" id="thing">&lt;awesome&gt;<b>hello</b></div>',
-                     builder.doc.root.to_html.gsub(/\n/, ''))
-      end
-
-      def test_attributes_plus_block
-        builder = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new do
-          div.rad.thing! {
-            text "<awesome>"
-          }
-        end
-        assert_equal('<div class="rad" id="thing">&lt;awesome&gt;</div>',
-                     builder.doc.root.to_html.chomp)
-      end
-
-      def test_builder_adds_attributes
-        builder = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new do
-          div.rad.thing! "tender div"
-        end
-        assert_equal('<div class="rad" id="thing">tender div</div>',
-                     builder.doc.root.to_html.chomp)
-      end
-
-      def test_bold_tag
-        builder = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new do
-          b "bold tag"
-        end
-        assert_equal('<b>bold tag</b>', builder.doc.root.to_html.chomp)
-      end
-
-      def test_html_then_body_tag
-        builder = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new do
-          html {
-            body {
-              b "bold tag"
-            }
-          }
-        end
-        assert_equal('<html><body><b>bold tag</b></body></html>',
-                     builder.doc.root.to_html.chomp.gsub(/>\s*</, '><'))
-      end
-
-      def test_instance_eval_with_delegation_to_block_context
-        class << self
-          def foo
-            "foo!"
-          end
-        end
-
-        builder = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new { text foo }
-        assert builder.to_html.include?("foo!")
-      end
-
-      def test_builder_with_param
-        doc = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new { |html|
-          html.body {
-            html.p "hello world"
-          }
-        }.doc
-
-        assert node = doc.xpath('//body/p').first
-        assert_equal 'hello world', node.content
-      end
-
-      def test_builder_with_id
-        text = "hello world"
-        doc = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new { |html|
-          html.body {
-            html.id_ text
-          }
-        }.doc
-
-        assert node = doc.xpath('//body/id').first
-        assert_equal text, node.content
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/test/html/test_element_description.rb b/test/html/test_element_description.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 9c21955150..0000000000
--- a/test/html/test_element_description.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,105 +0,0 @@
-require "helper"
-
-module Nokogiri
-  module HTML
-    class TestElementDescription < Nokogiri::TestCase
-      def test_fetch_nonexistent
-        assert_nil ElementDescription['foo']
-      end
-
-      def test_fetch_element_description
-        assert desc = ElementDescription['a']
-        assert_instance_of ElementDescription, desc
-      end
-
-      def test_name
-        assert_equal 'a', ElementDescription['a'].name
-      end
-
-      def test_implied_start_tag?
-        assert !ElementDescription['a'].implied_start_tag?
-      end
-
-      def test_implied_end_tag?
-        assert !ElementDescription['a'].implied_end_tag?
-        assert ElementDescription['p'].implied_end_tag?
-      end
-
-      def test_save_end_tag?
-        assert !ElementDescription['a'].save_end_tag?
-        assert ElementDescription['br'].save_end_tag?
-      end
-
-      def test_empty?
-        assert ElementDescription['br'].empty?
-        assert !ElementDescription['a'].empty?
-      end
-
-      def test_deprecated?
-        assert ElementDescription['applet'].deprecated?
-        assert !ElementDescription['br'].deprecated?
-      end
-
-      def test_inline?
-        assert ElementDescription['a'].inline?
-        assert !ElementDescription['div'].inline?
-      end
-
-      def test_block?
-        element = ElementDescription['a']
-        assert_equal(!element.inline?, element.block?)
-      end
-
-      def test_description
-        assert ElementDescription['a'].description
-      end
-
-      def test_subelements
-        sub_elements = ElementDescription['body'].sub_elements
-        if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?(">= 2.7.7")
-          assert_equal 65, sub_elements.length
-        elsif Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
-          assert_equal 61, sub_elements.length
-        else
-          assert sub_elements.length > 0
-        end
-      end
-
-      def test_default_sub_element
-        assert_equal 'div', ElementDescription['body'].default_sub_element
-      end
-
-      def test_null_default_sub_element
-        doc = Nokogiri::HTML('foo')
-        doc.root.description.default_sub_element
-      end
-
-      def test_optional_attributes
-        attrs = ElementDescription['table'].optional_attributes
-        assert attrs
-      end
-
-      def test_deprecated_attributes
-        attrs = ElementDescription['table'].deprecated_attributes
-        assert attrs
-        assert_equal 2, attrs.length
-      end
-
-      def test_required_attributes
-        attrs = ElementDescription['table'].required_attributes
-        assert attrs
-        assert_equal 0, attrs.length
-      end
-
-      def test_inspect
-        desc = ElementDescription['input']
-        assert_match desc.name, desc.inspect
-      end
-
-      def test_to_s
-        desc = ElementDescription['input']
-        assert_match desc.name, desc.to_s
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/test/html/test_node.rb b/test/html/test_node.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index a55e2db13f..0000000000
--- a/test/html/test_node.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,208 +0,0 @@
-require "helper"
-
-require 'nkf'
-
-module Nokogiri
-  module HTML
-    class TestNode < Nokogiri::TestCase
-      def setup
-        super
-        @html = Nokogiri::HTML(<<-eohtml)
-        <html>
-          <head></head>
-          <body>
-            <div class='baz'><a href="foo" class="bar">first</a></div>
-          </body>
-        </html>
-        eohtml
-      end
-
-      def test_to_a
-        assert_equal [['class', 'bar'], ['href', 'foo']],@html.at('a').to_a.sort
-      end
-
-      def test_attr
-        node = @html.at('div.baz')
-        assert_equal node['class'], node.attr('class')
-      end
-
-      def test_get_attribute
-        element = @html.at('div')
-        assert_equal 'baz', element.get_attribute('class')
-        assert_equal 'baz', element['class']
-        element['href'] = "javascript:alert(\"AGGA-KA-BOO!\")"
-        assert_match(/%22AGGA-KA-BOO!%22/, element.to_html)
-      end
-
-      # The HTML parser ignores namespaces, so even properly declared namespaces
-      # are treated as as undeclared and have to be accessed via prefix:tagname
-      def test_ns_attribute
-        html = '<i foo:bar="baz"></i>'
-        doc = Nokogiri::HTML(html)
-        assert_equal 'baz', (doc%'i')['foo:bar']
-      end
-
-      def test_css_path_round_trip
-        doc = Nokogiri::HTML(File.read(HTML_FILE))
-        %w{ #header small div[2] div.post body }.each do |css_sel|
-          ele = doc.at css_sel
-          assert_equal ele, doc.at(ele.css_path), ele.css_path
-        end
-      end
-
-      def test_path_round_trip
-        doc = Nokogiri::HTML(File.read(HTML_FILE))
-        %w{ #header small div[2] div.post body }.each do |css_sel|
-          ele = doc.at css_sel
-          assert_equal ele, doc.at(ele.path), ele.path
-        end
-      end
-
-      def test_append_with_document
-        assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
-          @html.root << Nokogiri::HTML::Document.new
-        end
-      end
-
-      ###
-      # Make sure a document that doesn't declare a meta encoding returns
-      # nil.
-      def test_meta_encoding
-        assert_nil @html.meta_encoding
-      end
-
-      def test_description
-        assert desc = @html.at('a.bar').description
-        assert_equal 'a', desc.name
-      end
-
-      def test_ancestors_with_selector
-        assert node = @html.at('a.bar').child
-        assert list = node.ancestors('.baz')
-        assert_equal 1, list.length
-        assert_equal 'div', list.first.name
-      end
-
-      def test_matches_inside_fragment
-        fragment = DocumentFragment.new @html
-        fragment << XML::Node.new('a', @html)
-
-        a = fragment.children.last
-        assert a.matches?('a'), 'a should match'
-      end
-
-      def test_css_matches?
-        assert node = @html.at('a.bar')
-        assert node.matches?('a.bar')
-      end
-
-      def test_xpath_matches?
-        assert node = @html.at('//a')
-        assert node.matches?('//a')
-      end
-
-      def test_unlink_then_swap
-        node = @html.at('a')
-        node.unlink
-
-        assert_raises(RuntimeError) { node.add_previous_sibling @html.at('div') }
-      end
-
-      def test_swap
-        @html.at('div').swap('<a href="foo">bar</a>')
-        a_tag = @html.css('a').first
-        assert_equal 'body', a_tag.parent.name
-        assert_equal 0, @html.css('div').length
-      end
-
-      def test_swap_with_regex_characters
-        @html.at('div').swap('<a href="foo">ba)r</a>')
-        a_tag = @html.css('a').first
-        assert_equal 'ba)r', a_tag.text
-      end
-
-      def test_attribute_decodes_entities
-        node = @html.at('div')
-        node['href'] = 'foo&bar'
-        assert_equal 'foo&bar', node['href']
-        node['href'] += '&baz'
-        assert_equal 'foo&bar&baz', node['href']
-      end
-
-      def test_parse_config_option
-        node = @html.at('div')
-        options = nil
-        node.parse("<div></div>") do |config|
-          options = config
-        end
-        assert_equal Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_HTML, options.to_i
-      end
-
-      def test_fragment_handler_does_not_regurge_on_invalid_attributes
-        iframe = %Q{<iframe style="width: 0%; height: 0px" src="http://someurl" allowtransparency></iframe>}
-        assert @html.at('div').fragment(iframe)
-      end
-
-      def test_fragment
-        fragment = @html.fragment(<<-eohtml)
-          hello
-          <div class="foo">
-            <p>bar</p>
-          </div>
-          world
-        eohtml
-        assert_match(/^hello/, fragment.inner_html.strip)
-        assert_equal 3, fragment.children.length
-        assert p_tag = fragment.css('p').first
-        assert_equal 'div', p_tag.parent.name
-        assert_equal 'foo', p_tag.parent['class']
-      end
-
-      def test_fragment_serialization
-        fragment = Nokogiri::HTML.fragment("<div>foo</div>")
-        assert_equal "<div>foo</div>", fragment.serialize.chomp
-        assert_equal "<div>foo</div>", fragment.to_xml.chomp
-        assert_equal "<div>foo</div>", fragment.inner_html
-        assert_equal "<div>foo</div>", fragment.to_html
-        assert_equal "<div>foo</div>", fragment.to_s
-      end
-
-      def test_to_html_does_not_contain_entities
-        return unless defined?(NKF) # NKF is not implemented on Rubinius as of 2009-11-23
-        html = NKF.nkf("-e --msdos", <<-EOH)
-        <html><body>
-        <p> test paragraph
-        foo bar </p>
-        </body></html>
-        EOH
-        nokogiri = Nokogiri::HTML.parse(html)
-
-        if RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /java/
-          # NKF linebreak modes are not supported as of jruby 1.2
-          # see http://jira.codehaus.org/browse/JRUBY-3602 for status
-          assert_equal "<p>testparagraph\nfoobar</p>",
-            nokogiri.at("p").to_html.gsub(/ /, '')
-        else
-          assert_equal "<p>testparagraph\r\nfoobar</p>",
-            nokogiri.at("p").to_html.gsub(/ /, '')
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    def test_GH_1042
-      file = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, 'GH_1042.html');
-      html = Nokogiri::HTML(File.read(file))
-      table = html.xpath("//table")[1]
-      trs = table.xpath("tr").drop(1)
-
-      # the jruby inplementation of drop uses dup() on the IRubyObject (which
-      # is NOT the same dup() method on the ruby Object) which produces a
-      # shallow clone. a shallow of valid XMLNode triggers several
-      # NullPointerException on inspect() since loads of invariants
-      # are not set. the fix for GH1042 ensures a proper working clone.
-      assert_nothing_raised do
-        trs.inspect
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/test/html/test_node_encoding.rb b/test/html/test_node_encoding.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index c67219db64..0000000000
--- a/test/html/test_node_encoding.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,95 +0,0 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-require "helper"
-
-module Nokogiri
-  module HTML
-    class TestNodeEncoding < Nokogiri::TestCase
-      def setup
-        super
-        @html = Nokogiri::HTML(File.open(NICH_FILE, "rb"))
-      end
-
-      def test_get_attribute
-        node = @html.css('a').first
-        assert_equal 'UTF-8', node['href'].encoding.name
-      end
-
-      def test_text_encoding_is_utf_8
-        assert_equal 'UTF-8', @html.text.encoding.name
-      end
-
-      def test_serialize_encoding_html
-        if Nokogiri.uses_libxml? && !Nokogiri::VersionInfo.instance.libxml2_has_iconv?
-          skip "libxml2 without iconv does not pass this test"
-        end
-
-        assert_equal @html.encoding.downcase,
-          @html.serialize.encoding.name.downcase
-
-        @doc = Nokogiri::HTML(@html.serialize)
-        assert_equal @html.serialize, @doc.serialize
-      end
-
-      def test_default_encoding
-        doc = Nokogiri::HTML(nil)
-        assert_nil doc.encoding
-        assert_equal 'UTF-8', doc.serialize.encoding.name
-      end
-
-      def test_encode_special_chars
-        foo = @html.css('a').first.encode_special_chars('foo')
-        assert_equal 'UTF-8', foo.encoding.name
-      end
-
-      def test_content
-        node = @html.css('a').first
-        assert_equal 'UTF-8', node.content.encoding.name
-      end
-
-      def test_name
-        node = @html.css('a').first
-        assert_equal 'UTF-8', node.name.encoding.name
-      end
-
-      def test_path
-        node = @html.css('a').first
-        assert_equal 'UTF-8', node.path.encoding.name
-      end
-
-      def test_inner_html
-        doc = Nokogiri::HTML File.open(SHIFT_JIS_HTML, 'rb')
-
-        hello = "こんにちは"
-
-        contents = doc.at('h2').inner_html
-        assert_equal doc.encoding, contents.encoding.name
-        assert_match hello.encode('Shift_JIS'), contents
-
-        contents = doc.at('h2').inner_html(:encoding => 'UTF-8')
-        assert_match hello, contents
-
-        doc.encoding = 'UTF-8'
-        contents = doc.at('h2').inner_html
-        assert_match hello, contents
-      end
-
-      def test_encoding_GH_1113
-        doc = Nokogiri::HTML::Document.new
-        hex = '<p>&#x1f340;</p>'
-        decimal = '<p>&#127808;</p>'
-        encoded = '<p>🍀</p>'
-
-        doc.encoding = 'UTF-8'
-        [hex, decimal, encoded].each do |document|
-          assert_equal encoded, doc.fragment(document).to_s
-        end
-
-        doc.encoding = 'US-ASCII'
-        expected = Nokogiri.jruby? ? hex : decimal
-        [hex, decimal].each do |document|
-          assert_equal expected, doc.fragment(document).to_s
-        end
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/test/html/sax/test_parser.rb b/test/html4/sax/test_parser.rb
similarity index 58%
rename from test/html/sax/test_parser.rb
rename to test/html4/sax/test_parser.rb
index 71ebd2e23a..4dc6ac61fd 100644
--- a/test/html/sax/test_parser.rb
+++ b/test/html4/sax/test_parser.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -12,15 +14,13 @@ def setup
 
         def test_parse_empty_document
           # This caused a segfault in libxml 2.6.x
-          assert_nil @parser.parse ''
+          assert_nil(@parser.parse(""))
         end
 
         def test_parse_empty_file
           # Make sure empty files don't break stuff
-          empty_file_name =  File.join(ASSETS_DIR, 'bogus.xml')
-          # assert_nothing_raised do
-            @parser.parse_file empty_file_name
-          # end
+          empty_file_name = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "bogus.xml")
+          @parser.parse_file(empty_file_name) # assert_nothing_raised
         end
 
         def test_parse_file
@@ -29,43 +29,43 @@ def test_parse_file
           # Take a look at the comment in test_parse_document to know
           # a possible reason to this difference.
           if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
-            assert_equal 1111, @parser.document.end_elements.length
+            assert_equal(1111, @parser.document.end_elements.length)
           else
-            assert_equal 1120, @parser.document.end_elements.length
+            assert_equal(1120, @parser.document.end_elements.length)
           end
         end
 
         def test_parse_file_nil_argument
-          assert_raises(ArgumentError) {
+          assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
             @parser.parse_file(nil)
-          }
+          end
         end
 
         def test_parse_file_non_existant
-          assert_raise Errno::ENOENT do
-            @parser.parse_file('there_is_no_reasonable_way_this_file_exists')
+          assert_raises(Errno::ENOENT) do
+            @parser.parse_file("there_is_no_reasonable_way_this_file_exists")
           end
         end
 
         def test_parse_file_with_dir
-          assert_raise Errno::EISDIR do
+          assert_raises(Errno::EISDIR) do
             @parser.parse_file(File.dirname(__FILE__))
           end
         end
 
         def test_parse_memory_nil
-          assert_raise ArgumentError do
+          assert_raises(TypeError) do
             @parser.parse_memory(nil)
           end
         end
 
         def test_parse_force_encoding
-          @parser.parse_memory(<<-HTML, 'UTF-8')
+          @parser.parse_memory(<<-HTML, "UTF-8")
           <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1251">
           Информация
           HTML
           assert_equal("Информация",
-                       @parser.document.data.join.strip)
+            @parser.document.data.join.strip)
         end
 
         def test_parse_document
@@ -82,54 +82,54 @@ def test_parse_document
           # "http://cyberneko.org/html/properties/names/attrs" => "lower"
           if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
             assert_equal([["html", []], ["body", []], ["p", []], ["p", []]],
-                         @parser.document.start_elements)
+              @parser.document.start_elements)
           else
             assert_equal([["html", []], ["head", []], ["body", []], ["p", []], ["p", []]],
-                         @parser.document.start_elements)
+              @parser.document.start_elements)
           end
         end
 
         def test_parser_attributes
-          html = <<-eohtml
-<html>
-  <head>
-    <title>hello</title>
-  </head>
-<body>
-  <img src="face.jpg" title="daddy &amp; me">
-  <hr noshade size="2">
-</body>
-</html>
+          html = <<~eohtml
+            <html>
+              <head>
+                <title>hello</title>
+              </head>
+            <body>
+              <img src="face.jpg" title="daddy &amp; me">
+              <hr noshade size="2">
+            </body>
+            </html>
           eohtml
 
           block_called = false
-          @parser.parse(html) { |ctx|
+          @parser.parse(html) do |ctx|
             block_called = true
             ctx.replace_entities = true
-          }
+          end
 
-          assert block_called
+          assert(block_called)
 
           noshade_value = if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?("< 2.7.7")
-              ["noshade", "noshade"]
-            else
-              ["noshade", nil]
-            end
-
-          assert_equal [
-            ['html', []],
-            ['head', []],
-            ['title', []],
-            ['body', []],
-            ['img', [
-                ['src', 'face.jpg'],
-                ['title', 'daddy & me']
-              ]],
-            ['hr', [
-                noshade_value,
-                ['size', '2']
-              ]]
-          ], @parser.document.start_elements
+            ["noshade", "noshade"]
+          else
+            ["noshade", nil]
+          end
+
+          assert_equal([
+            ["html", []],
+            ["head", []],
+            ["title", []],
+            ["body", []],
+            ["img", [
+              ["src", "face.jpg"],
+              ["title", "daddy & me"],
+            ],],
+            ["hr", [
+              noshade_value,
+              ["size", "2"],
+            ],],
+          ], @parser.document.start_elements)
         end
 
         HTML_WITH_BR_TAG = <<-EOF
@@ -150,18 +150,23 @@ def test_parser_attributes
 
         def test_parsing_dom_error_from_string
           @parser.parse(HTML_WITH_BR_TAG)
-          assert_equal 6, @parser.document.start_elements.length
+          assert_equal(6, @parser.document.start_elements.length)
         end
 
         def test_parsing_dom_error_from_io
           @parser.parse(StringIO.new(HTML_WITH_BR_TAG))
-          assert_equal 6, @parser.document.start_elements.length
+          assert_equal(6, @parser.document.start_elements.length)
         end
 
-
         def test_empty_processing_instruction
           @parser.parse_memory("<strong>this will segfault<?strong>")
         end
+
+        it "handles invalid types gracefully" do
+          assert_raises(TypeError) { Nokogiri::HTML::SAX::Parser.new.parse(0xcafecafe) }
+          assert_raises(TypeError) { Nokogiri::HTML::SAX::Parser.new.parse_memory(0xcafecafe) }
+          assert_raises(TypeError) { Nokogiri::HTML::SAX::Parser.new.parse_io(0xcafecafe) }
+        end
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/html4/sax/test_parser_context.rb b/test/html4/sax/test_parser_context.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..594a3ac821
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/html4/sax/test_parser_context.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "helper"
+
+module Nokogiri
+  module HTML
+    module SAX
+      class TestParserContext < Nokogiri::SAX::TestCase
+        def test_from_io
+          ctx = ParserContext.new(StringIO.new("fo"), "UTF-8")
+          assert(ctx)
+        end
+
+        def test_from_string
+          ctx = ParserContext.new("blah blah")
+          assert(ctx)
+        end
+
+        def test_parse_with
+          ctx = ParserContext.new("blah")
+          assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+            ctx.parse_with(nil)
+          end
+        end
+
+        def test_parse_with_sax_parser
+          # assert_nothing_raised do
+          xml = "<root />"
+          ctx = ParserContext.new(xml)
+          parser = Parser.new(Doc.new)
+          ctx.parse_with(parser)
+          # end
+        end
+
+        def test_from_file
+          # assert_nothing_raised do
+          ctx = ParserContext.file(HTML_FILE, "UTF-8")
+          parser = Parser.new(Doc.new)
+          ctx.parse_with(parser)
+          # end
+        end
+
+        def test_graceful_handling_of_invalid_types
+          assert_raises(TypeError) { ParserContext.new(0xcafecafe) }
+          assert_raises(TypeError) { ParserContext.memory(0xcafecafe, "UTF-8") }
+          assert_raises(TypeError) { ParserContext.io(0xcafecafe, 1) }
+          assert_raises(TypeError) { ParserContext.io(StringIO.new("asdf"), "should be an index into ENCODINGS") }
+          assert_raises(TypeError) { ParserContext.file(0xcafecafe, "UTF-8") }
+          assert_raises(TypeError) { ParserContext.file("path/to/file", 0xcafecafe) }
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/test/html4/sax/test_parser_text.rb b/test/html4/sax/test_parser_text.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0564000b82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/html4/sax/test_parser_text.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "helper"
+
+module Nokogiri
+  module HTML
+    module SAX
+      class TestParserText < Nokogiri::SAX::TestCase
+        def setup
+          super
+          @doc    = DocWithOrderedItems.new
+          @parser = HTML::SAX::Parser.new(@doc)
+        end
+
+        def test_texts_order
+          html = <<-eohtml
+            <!DOCTYPE html>
+            <html>
+              <head></head>
+              <body>
+                text 0
+                <p>
+                  text 1
+                  <span>text 2</span>
+                  text 3
+                </p>
+
+                text 4
+                <!--
+                text 5
+                -->
+
+                <p>
+                  <!-- text 6 -->
+                  <span><!-- text 7 --></span>
+                  <!-- text 8 -->
+                </p>
+
+                <!-- text 9 -->
+              </body>
+            </html>
+          eohtml
+
+          @parser.parse(html)
+          items = @doc.items.get_root_content("body")
+          items = items.select_methods([
+            :start_element, :end_element,
+            :characters, :comment,
+          ])
+          items.strip_text!([:characters, :comment])
+
+          assert_equal([
+            [:characters, "text 0"],
+
+            [:start_element, "p", []],
+            [:characters, "text 1"],
+
+            [:start_element, "span", []],
+            [:characters, "text 2"],
+            [:end_element, "span"],
+
+            [:characters, "text 3"],
+            [:end_element, "p"],
+
+            [:characters, "text 4"],
+            [:comment, "text 5"],
+            [:characters, ""],
+
+            [:start_element, "p", []],
+            [:characters, ""],
+            [:comment, "text 6"],
+            [:characters, ""],
+
+            [:start_element, "span", []],
+            [:comment, "text 7"],
+            [:end_element, "span"],
+            [:characters, ""],
+
+            [:comment, "text 8"],
+            [:characters, ""],
+            [:end_element, "p"],
+            [:characters, ""],
+
+            [:comment, "text 9"],
+            [:characters, ""],
+          ], items)
+
+          nil
+        end
+
+        def text_whitespace
+          html = <<-eohtml
+            <!DOCTYPE html>
+            <html>
+              <head></head>
+              <body>
+                <p>
+                  <span></span>
+                  <span> </span>
+                  <span>
+
+                  </span>
+                </p>
+                <p>
+                  <!---->
+                  <!-- -->
+                  <!--
+
+                  -->
+                </p>
+              </body>
+            </html>
+          eohtml
+
+          @parser.parse(html)
+          items = @doc.items.get_root_content("body")
+          items = items.select_methods([
+            :start_element, :end_element,
+            :characters, :comment,
+          ])
+          items.strip_text!([:characters, :comment])
+
+          assert_equal([
+            [:characters, ""],
+            [:start_element, "p", []],
+
+            [:characters, ""],
+            [:start_element, "span", []],
+            [:end_element, "span"],
+            [:characters, ""],
+
+            [:start_element, "span", []],
+            [:characters, ""],
+            [:end_element, "span"],
+            [:characters, ""],
+
+            [:start_element, "span", []],
+            [:characters, ""],
+            [:end_element, "span"],
+            [:characters, ""],
+
+            [:end_element, "p"],
+            [:characters, ""],
+
+            [:start_element, "p", []],
+            [:characters, ""],
+
+            [:comment, ""],
+            [:characters, ""],
+            [:comment, ""],
+            [:characters, ""],
+            [:comment, ""],
+            [:characters, ""],
+
+            [:end_element, "p"],
+            [:characters, ""],
+          ], items)
+
+          nil
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/test/html/sax/test_push_parser.rb b/test/html4/sax/test_push_parser.rb
similarity index 70%
rename from test/html/sax/test_push_parser.rb
rename to test/html4/sax/test_push_parser.rb
index dd64253907..53e62b31ce 100644
--- a/test/html/sax/test_push_parser.rb
+++ b/test/html4/sax/test_push_parser.rb
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ def test_end_document_called
               Paragraph 1
             </p>
           eoxml
-          assert(!@parser.document.end_document_called)
+          refute(@parser.document.end_document_called)
           @parser.finish
           assert(@parser.document.end_document_called)
         end
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ def test_start_element
             Paragraph 1
             </p></body></html>
           eoxml
-          assert_equal([' This is a comment '], @parser.document.comments)
+          assert_equal([" This is a comment "], @parser.document.comments)
           @parser.finish
         end
 
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ def test_chevron_partial_html
               Paragraph 1
             </p>
           eoxml
-          assert_equal([' This is a comment '], @parser.document.comments)
+          assert_equal([" This is a comment "], @parser.document.comments)
           @parser.finish
         end
 
@@ -64,23 +64,12 @@ def test_chevron
             </p>
           eoxml
           @parser.finish
-          assert_equal([' This is a comment '], @parser.document.comments)
+          assert_equal([" This is a comment "], @parser.document.comments)
         end
 
         def test_default_options
           assert_equal(0, @parser.options)
         end
-
-        def test_broken_encoding
-          skip_unless_libxml2("ultra hard to fix for pure Java version")
-          @parser.options |= XML::ParseOptions::RECOVER
-          # This is ISO_8859-1:
-          @parser.<< "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><r>Gau\337</r>"
-          @parser.finish
-          assert(@parser.document.errors.size >= 1)
-          assert_equal("Gau\337", @parser.document.data.join)
-          assert_equal([["r"], ["body"], ["html"]], @parser.document.end_elements)
-        end
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/html/test_attributes.rb b/test/html4/test_attributes.rb
similarity index 89%
rename from test/html/test_attributes.rb
rename to test/html4/test_attributes.rb
index 2d5ee58df7..d79aaf246d 100644
--- a/test/html/test_attributes.rb
+++ b/test/html4/test_attributes.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -34,21 +36,20 @@ class TestAttr < Nokogiri::TestCase
         #
         #    https://git.gnome.org/browse/libxml2/tree/HTMLtree.c?h=v2.9.2#n714
         #
-        {tag: "a",   attr: "href"},
-        {tag: "div", attr: "href"},
-        {tag: "a",   attr: "action"},
-        {tag: "div", attr: "action"},
-        {tag: "a",   attr: "src"},
-        {tag: "div", attr: "src"},
-        {tag: "a",   attr: "name"},
+        { tag: "a",   attr: "href" },
+        { tag: "div", attr: "href" },
+        { tag: "a",   attr: "action" },
+        { tag: "div", attr: "action" },
+        { tag: "a",   attr: "src" },
+        { tag: "div", attr: "src" },
+        { tag: "a",   attr: "name" },
         #
         #  note that div+name is _not_ affected by the libxml2 issue.
         #  but we test it anyway to ensure our logic isn't modifying
         #  attributes that don't need modifying.
         #
-        {tag: "div", attr: "name", unescaped: true},
+        { tag: "div", attr: "name", unescaped: true },
       ].each do |config|
-
         define_method "test_uri_escaping_of_#{config[:attr]}_attr_in_#{config[:tag]}_tag" do
           skip if Nokogiri::VersionInfo.instance.libxml2? && Nokogiri::VersionInfo.instance.libxml2_using_system?
 
diff --git a/test/html/test_attributes_properly_escaped.rb b/test/html4/test_attributes_properly_escaped.rb
similarity index 73%
rename from test/html/test_attributes_properly_escaped.rb
rename to test/html4/test_attributes_properly_escaped.rb
index 91da4ccbe2..43fdc20f25 100755
--- a/test/html/test_attributes_properly_escaped.rb
+++ b/test/html4/test_attributes_properly_escaped.rb
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
   module HTML
     class TestAttributesProperlyEscaped < Nokogiri::TestCase
-
       def test_attribute_macros_are_escaped
-        skip if Nokogiri::VersionInfo.instance.libxml2? && Nokogiri::VersionInfo.instance.libxml2_using_system?
+        skip_unless_libxml2_patch("0001-Remove-script-macro-support.patch") if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
 
         html = "<p><i for=\"&{<test>}\"></i></p>"
         document = Nokogiri::HTML::Document.new
@@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ def test_attribute_macros_are_escaped
       end
 
       def test_libxml_escapes_server_side_includes
-        skip if Nokogiri::VersionInfo.instance.libxml2? && Nokogiri::VersionInfo.instance.libxml2_using_system?
+        skip_unless_libxml2_patch("0002-Update-entities-to-remove-handling-of-ssi.patch") if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
 
         original_html = %(<p><a href='<!--"><test>-->'></a></p>)
         document = Nokogiri::HTML::Document.new
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ def test_libxml_escapes_server_side_includes
       end
 
       def test_libxml_escapes_server_side_includes_without_nested_quotes
-        skip if Nokogiri::VersionInfo.instance.libxml2? && Nokogiri::VersionInfo.instance.libxml2_using_system?
+        skip_unless_libxml2_patch("0002-Update-entities-to-remove-handling-of-ssi.patch") if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
 
         original_html = %(<p><i for="<!--<test>-->"></i></p>)
         document = Nokogiri::HTML::Document.new
diff --git a/test/html4/test_builder.rb b/test/html4/test_builder.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8ee20e61a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/html4/test_builder.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "helper"
+
+module Nokogiri
+  module HTML
+    class TestBuilder < Nokogiri::TestCase
+      def test_top_level_function_builds
+        foo = nil
+        Nokogiri() { |xml| foo = xml }
+        assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::HTML::Builder, foo)
+      end
+
+      def test_builder_with_explicit_tags
+        html_doc = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new do
+          div.slide(class: "another_class") do
+            node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("id", doc)
+            node.content = "hello"
+            insert(node)
+          end
+        end.doc
+        assert_equal(1, html_doc.css("div.slide > id").length)
+        assert_equal("hello", html_doc.at("div.slide > id").content)
+      end
+
+      def test_hash_as_attributes_for_attribute_method
+        html = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new do ||
+          div.slide(class: "another_class") do
+            span("Slide 1")
+          end
+        end.to_html
+        assert_match('class="slide another_class"', html)
+      end
+
+      def test_hash_as_attributes
+        builder = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new do
+          div(id: "awesome") do
+            h1("america")
+          end
+        end
+        assert_equal('<div id="awesome"><h1>america</h1></div>',
+          builder.doc.root.to_html.delete("\n").gsub(/>\s*</, "><"))
+      end
+
+      def test_href_with_attributes
+        uri = "http://tenderlovemaking.com/"
+        built = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do
+          div do
+            a("King Khan & The Shrines", href: uri)
+          end
+        end
+        assert_equal("http://tenderlovemaking.com/",
+          built.doc.at("a")[:href])
+      end
+
+      def test_tag_nesting
+        builder = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new do
+          body do
+            span.left("")
+            span.middle do
+              div.icon("")
+            end
+            span.right("")
+          end
+        end
+        assert(node = builder.doc.css("span.right").first)
+        assert_equal("middle", node.previous_sibling["class"])
+      end
+
+      def test_has_ampersand
+        builder = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new do
+          div.rad.thing! do
+            text("<awe&some>")
+            b("hello & world")
+          end
+        end
+        assert_equal(
+          '<div class="rad" id="thing">&lt;awe&amp;some&gt;<b>hello &amp; world</b></div>',
+          builder.doc.root.to_html.delete("\n")
+        )
+      end
+
+      def test_multi_tags
+        builder = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new do
+          div.rad.thing! do
+            text("<awesome>")
+            b("hello")
+          end
+        end
+        assert_equal(
+          '<div class="rad" id="thing">&lt;awesome&gt;<b>hello</b></div>',
+          builder.doc.root.to_html.delete("\n")
+        )
+      end
+
+      def test_attributes_plus_block
+        builder = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new do
+          div.rad.thing! do
+            text("<awesome>")
+          end
+        end
+        assert_equal('<div class="rad" id="thing">&lt;awesome&gt;</div>',
+          builder.doc.root.to_html.chomp)
+      end
+
+      def test_builder_adds_attributes
+        builder = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new do
+          div.rad.thing!("tender div")
+        end
+        assert_equal('<div class="rad" id="thing">tender div</div>',
+          builder.doc.root.to_html.chomp)
+      end
+
+      def test_bold_tag
+        builder = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new do
+          b("bold tag")
+        end
+        assert_equal("<b>bold tag</b>", builder.doc.root.to_html.chomp)
+      end
+
+      def test_html_then_body_tag
+        builder = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new do
+          html do
+            body do
+              b("bold tag")
+            end
+          end
+        end
+        assert_equal("<html><body><b>bold tag</b></body></html>",
+          builder.doc.root.to_html.chomp.gsub(/>\s*</, "><"))
+      end
+
+      def test_instance_eval_with_delegation_to_block_context
+        class << self
+          def foo
+            "foo!"
+          end
+        end
+
+        builder = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new { text(foo) }
+        assert_includes(builder.to_html, "foo!")
+      end
+
+      def test_builder_with_param
+        doc = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new do |html|
+          html.body do
+            html.p("hello world")
+          end
+        end.doc
+
+        assert(node = doc.xpath("//body/p").first)
+        assert_equal("hello world", node.content)
+      end
+
+      def test_builder_with_id
+        text = "hello world"
+        doc = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new do |html|
+          html.body do
+            html.id_(text)
+          end
+        end.doc
+
+        assert(node = doc.xpath("//body/id").first)
+        assert_equal(text, node.content)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/test/html/test_comments.rb b/test/html4/test_comments.rb
similarity index 62%
rename from test/html/test_comments.rb
rename to test/html4/test_comments.rb
index 476fc4b473..6e173dbff8 100644
--- a/test/html/test_comments.rb
+++ b/test/html4/test_comments.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -20,19 +22,24 @@ class TestComment < Nokogiri::TestCase
         describe "two dashes" do
           let(:html) { "<html><body><div id=under-test><!--></div><div id=also-here></div></body></html>" }
 
-          if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
+          if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?(">= 2.10.0")
+            it "behaves as if the comment is closed correctly" do # COMPLIANT
+              assert_equal 1, subject.children.length
+              assert_predicate subject.children.first, :comment?
+              assert_equal "", subject.children.first.content
+              assert other_div
+            end
+          elsif Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
             it "behaves as if the comment is unterminated and doesn't exist" do # NON-COMPLIANT
               assert_equal 0, subject.children.length
               assert_equal 1, doc.errors.length
               assert_match(/Comment not terminated/, doc.errors.first.to_s)
-              assert !other_div
+              refute other_div
             end
-          end
-
-          if Nokogiri.jruby?
+          elsif Nokogiri.jruby?
             it "behaves as if the comment is closed correctly" do # COMPLIANT
               assert_equal 1, subject.children.length
-              assert subject.children.first.comment?
+              assert_predicate subject.children.first, :comment?
               assert_equal "", subject.children.first.content
               assert other_div
             end
@@ -42,20 +49,25 @@ class TestComment < Nokogiri::TestCase
         describe "three dashes" do
           let(:html) { "<html><body><div id=under-test><!---></div><div id=also-here></div></body></html>" }
 
-          if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
+          if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?(">= 2.10.0")
+            it "behaves as if the comment is closed correctly" do # COMPLIANT
+              assert_equal 1, subject.children.length
+              assert_predicate subject.children.first, :comment?
+              assert_equal "", subject.children.first.content
+              assert other_div
+            end
+          elsif Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
             it "behaves as if the comment is unterminated and doesn't exist" do # NON-COMPLIANT
               assert_equal 0, subject.children.length
               assert_equal 1, doc.errors.length
               assert_match(/Comment not terminated/, doc.errors.first.to_s)
-              assert !other_div
+              refute other_div
             end
-          end
-
-          if Nokogiri.jruby?
+          elsif Nokogiri.jruby?
             it "behaves as if the comment is closed correctly" do # COMPLIANT
               assert_equal 1, subject.children.length
-              assert subject.children.first.comment?
-              assert_equal "-", subject.children.first.content # curious
+              assert_predicate subject.children.first, :comment?
+              assert_equal "-", subject.children.first.content # curious, potentially non-compliant?
               assert other_div
             end
           end
@@ -66,7 +78,7 @@ class TestComment < Nokogiri::TestCase
 
           it "behaves as if the comment is closed correctly" do # COMPLIANT
             assert_equal 1, subject.children.length
-            assert subject.children.first.comment?
+            assert_predicate subject.children.first, :comment?
             assert_equal "", subject.children.first.content
             assert other_div
           end
@@ -90,12 +102,10 @@ class TestComment < Nokogiri::TestCase
             assert_equal 1, doc.errors.length
             assert_match(/Comment not terminated/, doc.errors.first.to_s)
           end
-        end
-
-        if Nokogiri.jruby?
+        elsif Nokogiri.jruby?
           it "behaves as if the comment is closed immediately before the end of the input stream" do # COMPLIANT
             assert_equal 1, subject.children.length
-            assert subject.children.first.comment?
+            assert_predicate subject.children.first, :comment?
             assert_equal "start of unterminated comment", subject.children.first.content
           end
         end
@@ -113,28 +123,23 @@ class TestComment < Nokogiri::TestCase
         let(:subject) { doc.at_css("div#under-test") }
         let(:inner_div) { doc.at_css("div#do-i-exist") }
 
-        if Nokogiri.uses_libxml? && Nokogiri::VersionInfo.instance.libxml2_using_packaged?
-          # see patches/libxml2/0006-htmlParseComment-treat-as-if-it-closed-the-comment.patch
+        if Nokogiri::VersionInfo.instance.libxml2_using_packaged? || (Nokogiri::VersionInfo.instance.libxml2_using_system? && Nokogiri.uses_libxml?(">= 2.9.11"))
           it "behaves as if the comment is normally closed" do # COMPLIANT
             assert_equal 3, subject.children.length
-            assert subject.children[0].comment?
+            assert_predicate subject.children[0], :comment?
             assert_equal "foo", subject.children[0].content
             assert inner_div
             assert_equal inner_div, subject.children[1]
-            assert subject.children[2].comment?
+            assert_predicate subject.children[2], :comment?
             assert_equal "bar", subject.children[2].content
             assert_equal 1, doc.errors.length
             assert_match(/Comment incorrectly closed/, doc.errors.first.to_s)
           end
-        end
-
-        if Nokogiri.jruby? || Nokogiri::VersionInfo.instance.libxml2_using_system?
-          # this behavior may change to the above in libxml v2.9.11 depending on whether
-          # https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/merge_requests/82 is merged
+        else # jruby, or libxml2 system lib less than 2.9.11
           it "behaves as if the comment encompasses the inner div" do # NON-COMPLIANT
             assert_equal 1, subject.children.length
-            assert subject.children.first.comment?
-            assert !inner_div
+            assert_predicate subject.children.first, :comment?
+            refute inner_div
             assert_match(/id=do-i-exist/, subject.children.first.content)
             assert_equal 0, doc.errors.length
           end
@@ -156,27 +161,89 @@ class TestComment < Nokogiri::TestCase
         let(:body) { doc.at_css("body") }
         let(:subject) { doc.at_css("div#under-test") }
 
-        if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
+        if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?("= 2.9.14")
+          it "parses as PCDATA" do # NON-COMPLIANT
+            assert_equal 1, body.children.length
+            assert_equal subject, body.children.first
+
+            assert_equal 3, subject.children.length
+            subject.children[0].tap do |child|
+              assert_predicate(child, :text?)
+              assert_equal("<! comment ", child.content)
+            end
+            subject.children[1].tap do |child|
+              assert_predicate(child, :element?)
+              assert_equal("div", child.name)
+              assert_equal("inner content", child.content)
+            end
+            subject.children[2].tap do |child|
+              assert_predicate(child, :text?)
+              assert_equal("-->hello", child.content)
+            end
+          end
+        elsif Nokogiri.uses_libxml? # before or after 2.9.14
           it "ignores up to the next '>'" do # NON-COMPLIANT
             assert_equal 2, body.children.length
             assert_equal body.children[0], subject
             assert_equal 1, subject.children.length
-            assert subject.children[0].text?
+            assert_predicate subject.children[0], :text?
             assert_equal "inner content", subject.children[0].content
-            assert body.children[1].text?
+            assert_predicate body.children[1], :text?
             assert_equal "-->hello", body.children[1].content
           end
-        end
-
-        if Nokogiri.jruby?
+        elsif Nokogiri.jruby?
           it "ignores up to the next '-->'" do # NON-COMPLIANT
+            assert_equal 1, body.children.length
+            assert_equal subject, body.children.first
+
             assert_equal 1, subject.children.length
-            assert subject.children[0].text?
+            assert_predicate subject.children[0], :text?
             assert_equal "hello", subject.children[0].content
           end
         end
       end
 
+      # conditional HTML comments, variation of the above
+      # https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/issues/380
+      describe "conditional HTML comments" do
+        let(:html) { "<html><body><div id=under-test><![if foo]><div id=do-i-exist>inner content</div><![endif]></div></body></html>" }
+
+        let(:doc) { Nokogiri::HTML4(html) }
+        let(:body) { doc.at_css("body") }
+        let(:subject) { doc.at_css("div#under-test") }
+
+        if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?("= 2.9.14")
+          it "parses the <! tags as PCDATA" do
+            assert_equal(1, body.children.length)
+            assert_equal(subject, body.children.first)
+
+            assert_equal(3, subject.children.length)
+            subject.children[0].tap do |child|
+              assert_predicate(child, :text?)
+              assert_equal("<![if foo]>", child.content)
+            end
+            subject.children[1].tap do |child|
+              assert_predicate(child, :element?)
+              assert_equal("div", child.name)
+              assert_equal("do-i-exist", child["id"])
+            end
+            subject.children[2].tap do |child|
+              assert_predicate(child, :text?)
+              assert_equal("<![endif]>", child.content)
+            end
+          end
+        else # libxml before or after 2.9.14, or jruby
+          it "drops the <! tags" do
+            assert_equal(1, body.children.length)
+            assert_equal(subject, body.children.first)
+
+            assert_equal(1, subject.children.length)
+            assert_equal("div", subject.children.first.name)
+            assert_equal("do-i-exist", subject.children.first["id"])
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
       # https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#parse-error-nested-comment
       #
       # This error occurs if the parser encounters a nested comment
@@ -191,11 +258,11 @@ class TestComment < Nokogiri::TestCase
 
         it "ignores to the next '-->'" do # COMPLIANT
           assert_equal 3, subject.children.length
-          assert subject.children[0].comment?
+          assert_predicate subject.children[0], :comment?
           assert_equal " outer <!-- inner ", subject.children[0].content
           assert inner_div
           assert_equal inner_div, subject.children[1]
-          assert subject.children[2].text?
+          assert_predicate subject.children[2], :text?
           assert_equal "-->", subject.children[2].content
         end
       end
diff --git a/test/html/test_document.rb b/test/html4/test_document.rb
similarity index 83%
rename from test/html/test_document.rb
rename to test/html4/test_document.rb
index 29d87cf6d9..fefb773d10 100644
--- a/test/html/test_document.rb
+++ b/test/html4/test_document.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -14,13 +15,13 @@ def test_nil_css
         end
 
         def test_does_not_fail_with_illformatted_html
-          doc = Nokogiri::HTML('"</html>";'.dup.force_encoding(Encoding::BINARY))
-          assert_not_nil(doc)
+          doc = Nokogiri::HTML((+'"</html>";').force_encoding(Encoding::BINARY))
+          refute_nil(doc)
         end
 
         def test_exceptions_remove_newlines
           errors = html.errors
-          assert(errors.length > 0, "has errors")
+          refute_empty(errors, "has errors")
           errors.each do |error|
             assert_equal(error.to_s.chomp, error.to_s)
           end
@@ -37,9 +38,9 @@ def test_document_takes_config_block
             options = cfg
             options.nonet.nowarning.dtdattr
           end
-          assert(options.nonet?)
-          assert(options.nowarning?)
-          assert(options.dtdattr?)
+          assert_predicate(options, :nonet?)
+          assert_predicate(options, :nowarning?)
+          assert_predicate(options, :dtdattr?)
         end
 
         def test_parse_takes_config_block
@@ -48,9 +49,9 @@ def test_parse_takes_config_block
             options = cfg
             options.nonet.nowarning.dtdattr
           end
-          assert(options.nonet?)
-          assert(options.nowarning?)
-          assert(options.dtdattr?)
+          assert_predicate(options, :nonet?)
+          assert_predicate(options, :nowarning?)
+          assert_predicate(options, :dtdattr?)
         end
 
         def test_subclass
@@ -64,6 +65,7 @@ def test_subclass_initialize
             attr_accessor :initialized_with
 
             def initialize(*args)
+              super
               @initialized_with = args
             end
           end
@@ -103,21 +105,21 @@ def test_empty_string_returns_empty_doc
           assert_nil(doc.root)
         end
 
-        unless Nokogiri.uses_libxml?("~> 2.6.0")
-          def test_to_xhtml_with_indent
-            doc = Nokogiri::HTML("<html><body><a>foo</a></body></html>")
-            doc = Nokogiri::HTML(doc.to_xhtml(indent: 2))
-            assert_indent(2, doc)
-          end
+        def test_to_xhtml_with_indent
+          skip if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?("~> 2.6.0")
+          doc = Nokogiri::HTML("<html><body><a>foo</a></body></html>")
+          doc = Nokogiri::HTML(doc.to_xhtml(indent: 2))
+          assert_indent(2, doc)
+        end
 
-          def test_write_to_xhtml_with_indent
-            io = StringIO.new
-            doc = Nokogiri::HTML("<html><body><a>foo</a></body></html>")
-            doc.write_xhtml_to(io, indent: 5)
-            io.rewind
-            doc = Nokogiri::HTML(io.read)
-            assert_indent(5, doc)
-          end
+        def test_write_to_xhtml_with_indent
+          skip if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?("~> 2.6.0")
+          io = StringIO.new
+          doc = Nokogiri::HTML("<html><body><a>foo</a></body></html>")
+          doc.write_xhtml_to(io, indent: 5)
+          io.rewind
+          doc = Nokogiri::HTML(io.read)
+          assert_indent(5, doc)
         end
 
         def test_swap_should_not_exist
@@ -199,7 +201,7 @@ def test_title=
                 foo
               </body>
             </html>
-            EOHTML
+          EOHTML
           doc.title = "new"
           assert_equal(1, doc.css("title").size)
           assert_equal("new", doc.title)
@@ -213,11 +215,11 @@ def test_title=
                 foo
               </body>
             </html>
-            EOHTML
+          EOHTML
           doc.title = "new"
           assert_equal("new", doc.title)
           title = doc.at("/html/head/title")
-          assert_not_nil(title)
+          refute_nil(title)
           assert_equal("new", title.text)
           assert_equal(-1, doc.at("meta[@http-equiv]") <=> title)
 
@@ -227,12 +229,12 @@ def test_title=
                 foo
               </body>
             </html>
-            EOHTML
+          EOHTML
           doc.title = "new"
           assert_equal("new", doc.title)
           # <head> may or may not be added
           title = doc.at("/html//title")
-          assert_not_nil(title)
+          refute_nil(title)
           assert_equal("new", title.text)
           assert_equal(-1, title <=> doc.at("body"))
 
@@ -243,7 +245,7 @@ def test_title=
                 foo
               </body>
             </html>
-            EOHTML
+          EOHTML
           doc.title = "new"
           assert_equal("new", doc.title)
           assert_equal(-1, doc.at("meta[@charset]") <=> doc.at("title"))
@@ -337,12 +339,13 @@ def test_parse_empty_document
 
         def test_HTML_function
           html = Nokogiri::HTML(File.read(HTML_FILE))
-          assert(html.html?)
+          assert_predicate(html, :html?)
         end
 
         def test_parse_works_with_an_object_that_responds_to_read
           klass = Class.new do
             def initialize
+              super
               @contents = StringIO.new("<div>foo</div>")
             end
 
@@ -360,8 +363,10 @@ def test_parse_temp_file
           File.open(HTML_FILE, "rb") { |f| temp_html_file.write(f.read) }
           temp_html_file.close
           temp_html_file.open
-          assert_equal(Nokogiri::HTML.parse(File.read(HTML_FILE)).xpath("//div/a").length,
-                       Nokogiri::HTML.parse(temp_html_file).xpath("//div/a").length)
+          assert_equal(
+            Nokogiri::HTML.parse(File.read(HTML_FILE)).xpath("//div/a").length,
+            Nokogiri::HTML.parse(temp_html_file).xpath("//div/a").length
+          )
         end
 
         def test_to_xhtml
@@ -370,13 +375,22 @@ def test_to_xhtml
           assert_match("UTF-8", html.to_xhtml(encoding: "UTF-8"))
         end
 
+        def test_to_xhtml_self_closing_tags
+          # https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2324
+          html = "<html><body><br><table><colgroup><col>"
+          doc = Nokogiri::HTML::Document.parse(html)
+          xhtml = doc.to_xhtml
+          assert_match(%r(<br ?/>), xhtml)
+          assert_match(%r(<col ?/>), xhtml)
+        end
+
         def test_no_xml_header
           html = Nokogiri::HTML(<<~EOHTML)
             <html>
             </html>
           EOHTML
-          assert(html.to_html.length > 0, "html length is too short")
-          assert_no_match(/^<\?xml/, html.to_html)
+          refute_empty(html.to_html, "html length is too short")
+          refute_match(/^<\?xml/, html.to_html)
         end
 
         def test_document_has_error
@@ -390,7 +404,7 @@ def test_document_has_error
               </body>
             </html>
           EOHTML
-          assert(html.errors.length > 0)
+          refute_empty(html.errors)
         end
 
         def test_relative_css
@@ -454,8 +468,8 @@ def test_doc_type
           assert_equal("-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN", html.internal_subset.external_id)
           assert_equal("http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd", html.internal_subset.system_id)
           assert_equal(
-            "<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd\">", html.to_s[0,
-97]
+            "<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd\">",
+            html.to_s[0, 97]
           )
         end
 
@@ -478,14 +492,19 @@ def test_find_by_css
 
         def test_find_by_css_with_square_brackets
           found = html.css("div[@id='header'] > h1")
-          found = html.css("div[@id='header'] h1") # this blows up on commit 6fa0f6d329d9dbf1cc21c0ac72f7e627bb4c05fc
+          refute_nil(found)
+          assert_equal(1, found.length)
+
+          # this blows up on commit 6fa0f6d329d9dbf1cc21c0ac72f7e627bb4c05fc
+          found = html.css("div[@id='header'] h1")
+          refute_nil(found)
           assert_equal(1, found.length)
         end
 
         def test_find_by_css_with_escaped_characters
           found_without_escape = html.css("div[@id='abc.123']")
-          found_by_id = html.css('#abc\.123')
-          found_by_class = html.css('.special\.character')
+          found_by_id = html.css("#abc\\.123")
+          found_by_class = html.css(".special\\.character")
           assert_equal(1, found_without_escape.length)
           assert_equal(found_by_id, found_without_escape)
           assert_equal(found_by_class, found_without_escape)
@@ -509,22 +528,22 @@ def test_dup_shallow
         def test_search_can_handle_xpath_and_css
           found = html.search("//div/a", "div > p")
           length = html.xpath("//div/a").length +
-                   html.css("div > p").length
+            html.css("div > p").length
           assert_equal(length, found.length)
         end
 
         def test_dup_document
           assert(dup = html.dup)
-          assert_not_equal(dup, html)
-          assert(html.html?)
+          refute_equal(dup, html)
+          assert_predicate(html, :html?)
           assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::HTML::Document, dup)
-          assert(dup.html?, "duplicate should be html")
+          assert_predicate(dup, :html?, "duplicate should be html")
           assert_equal(html.to_s, dup.to_s)
         end
 
         def test_dup_document_shallow
           assert(dup = html.dup(0))
-          assert_not_equal(dup, html)
+          refute_equal(dup, html)
         end
 
         def test_dup
@@ -614,7 +633,7 @@ def test_find_classes
           EOHTML
           list = doc.css(".red")
           assert_equal(2, list.length)
-          assert_equal(%w{RED RED}, list.map(&:text))
+          assert_equal(["RED", "RED"], list.map(&:text))
         end
 
         def test_parse_can_take_io
@@ -622,12 +641,12 @@ def test_parse_can_take_io
           File.open(HTML_FILE, "rb") do |f|
             html = Nokogiri::HTML(f)
           end
-          assert(html.html?)
+          assert_predicate(html, :html?)
           assert_equal(HTML_FILE, html.url)
         end
 
         def test_parse_works_with_an_object_that_responds_to_path
-          html = String.new("<html><body>hello</body></html>")
+          html = +"<html><body>hello</body></html>"
           def html.path
             "/i/should/be/the/document/url"
           end
@@ -649,8 +668,8 @@ def test_parse_can_take_pathnames
         end
 
         def test_html?
-          assert(!html.xml?)
-          assert(html.html?)
+          refute_predicate(html, :xml?)
+          assert_predicate(html, :html?)
         end
 
         def test_serialize
@@ -681,8 +700,8 @@ def test_capturing_nonparse_errors_during_node_copy_between_docs
           node2 = doc2.at_css("#unique")
           original_errors1 = doc1.errors.dup
           original_errors2 = doc2.errors.dup
-          assert(original_errors1.any? { |e| e.to_s =~ /Tag diva invalid/ }, "it should complain about the tag name")
-          assert(original_errors2.any? { |e| e.to_s =~ /Tag dive invalid/ }, "it should complain about the tag name")
+          assert(original_errors1.any? { |e| e.to_s.include?("Tag diva invalid") }, "it should complain about the tag name")
+          assert(original_errors2.any? { |e| e.to_s.include?("Tag dive invalid") }, "it should complain about the tag name")
 
           node1.add_child(node2)
 
@@ -708,6 +727,17 @@ def test_silencing_nonparse_errors_during_attribute_insertion_1262
           assert_equal(0, doc.errors.length)
         end
 
+        def test_leaking_dtd_nodes_after_internal_subset_removal
+          # see https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1784
+          #
+          # just checking that this doesn't raise a valgrind error. we
+          # don't otherwise have any test coverage for removing DTDs.
+          #
+          100.times do |_i|
+            Nokogiri::HTML::Document.new.internal_subset.remove
+          end
+        end
+
         it "skips encoding for script tags" do
           html = Nokogiri::HTML(<<~EOHTML)
             <html>
@@ -744,15 +774,17 @@ def test_silencing_nonparse_errors_during_attribute_insertion_1262
           assert_equal "ISO-8859-1", html.encoding.name
         end
 
-        def test_leaking_dtd_nodes_after_internal_subset_removal
-          # see https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1784
-          #
-          # just checking that this doesn't raise a valgrind error. we
-          # don't otherwise have any test coverage for removing DTDs.
-          #
-          100.times do |i|
-            Nokogiri::HTML::Document.new.internal_subset.remove
+        it "handles ill-formed processing instructions" do
+          html = %{<html><body><!--><?a/}
+          doc = Nokogiri::HTML4::Document.parse(html)
+          expected = if Nokogiri.jruby?
+            [Nokogiri::XML::Node::COMMENT_NODE, Nokogiri::XML::Node::PI_NODE]
+          elsif Nokogiri.uses_libxml?(">= 2.10.0")
+            [Nokogiri::XML::Node::COMMENT_NODE]
+          else
+            []
           end
+          assert_equal(expected, doc.at_css("body").children.map(&:type))
         end
 
         describe ".parse" do
@@ -761,7 +793,34 @@ def test_leaking_dtd_nodes_after_internal_subset_removal
           end
 
           it "sets the test up correctly" do
-            assert(html_strict.strict?)
+            assert_predicate(html_strict, :strict?)
+          end
+
+          describe "ill-formed < character" do
+            let(:input) { %{<html><body><div>this < that</div><div>second element</div></body></html>} }
+
+            it "skips to the next start tag" do
+              # see https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2461 for why we're testing this edge case
+              doc = Nokogiri::HTML4.parse(input)
+              body = doc.at_xpath("//body")
+
+              if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?("= 2.9.13")
+                # <body><div>this <div>second element</div></div></body>
+                assert_equal(1, body.children.length)
+                body.children.first.tap do |div|
+                  assert_equal(2, div.children.length)
+                  assert_equal("this ", div.children[0].content)
+                  assert_equal("div", div.children[1].name)
+                  assert_equal("second element", div.children[1].content)
+                end
+              else
+                # <body><div>this &lt; that</div><div>second element</div></body>
+                assert_equal(2, body.children.length)
+                assert_equal(["div", "div"], body.children.map(&:name), body.to_html)
+                assert_equal("this < that", body.children[0].text, body.to_html)
+                assert_equal("second element", body.children[1].text, body.to_html)
+              end
+            end
           end
 
           describe "read memory" do
@@ -836,8 +895,10 @@ def initialize(*args)
 
             it "passes arguments to #initialize" do
               doc = klass.new("http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd", "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN")
-              assert_equal(["http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd", "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"],
-                           doc.initialized_with)
+              assert_equal(
+                ["http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd", "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"],
+                doc.initialized_with
+              )
             end
           end
 
diff --git a/test/html/test_document_encoding.rb b/test/html4/test_document_encoding.rb
similarity index 60%
rename from test/html/test_document_encoding.rb
rename to test/html4/test_document_encoding.rb
index 6238ebfc92..ecb4aa9a12 100644
--- a/test/html/test_document_encoding.rb
+++ b/test/html4/test_document_encoding.rb
@@ -1,32 +1,33 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 class TestNokogiriHtmlDocument < Nokogiri::TestCase
   describe "Nokogiri::HTML::Document" do
     describe "Encoding" do
       def test_encoding
-        doc = Nokogiri::HTML(File.open(SHIFT_JIS_HTML, 'rb'))
+        doc = Nokogiri::HTML(File.open(SHIFT_JIS_HTML, "rb"))
 
         hello = "こんにちは"
 
         assert_match(doc.encoding, doc.to_html)
-        assert_match(hello.encode('Shift_JIS'), doc.to_html)
-        assert_equal('Shift_JIS', doc.to_html.encoding.name)
+        assert_match(hello.encode("Shift_JIS"), doc.to_html)
+        assert_equal("Shift_JIS", doc.to_html.encoding.name)
 
-        assert_match(hello, doc.to_html(encoding: 'UTF-8'))
-        assert_match('UTF-8', doc.to_html(encoding: 'UTF-8'))
-        assert_match('UTF-8', doc.to_html(encoding: 'UTF-8').encoding.name)
+        assert_match(hello, doc.to_html(encoding: "UTF-8"))
+        assert_match("UTF-8", doc.to_html(encoding: "UTF-8"))
+        assert_match("UTF-8", doc.to_html(encoding: "UTF-8").encoding.name)
       end
 
       def test_encoding_without_charset
-        doc = Nokogiri::HTML(File.open(SHIFT_JIS_NO_CHARSET, 'r:Shift_JIS:Shift_JIS').read)
+        doc = Nokogiri::HTML(File.open(SHIFT_JIS_NO_CHARSET, "r:Shift_JIS:Shift_JIS").read)
 
         hello = "こんにちは"
 
         assert_match(hello, doc.content)
-        assert_match(hello, doc.to_html(encoding: 'UTF-8'))
-        assert_match('UTF-8', doc.to_html(encoding: 'UTF-8').encoding.name)
+        assert_match(hello, doc.to_html(encoding: "UTF-8"))
+        assert_match("UTF-8", doc.to_html(encoding: "UTF-8").encoding.name)
       end
 
       def test_default_to_encoding_from_string
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@ def test_default_to_encoding_from_string
       end
 
       def test_encoding_non_utf8
-        orig = '日本語が上手です'
+        orig = "日本語が上手です"
         bin = Encoding::ASCII_8BIT
         [Encoding::Shift_JIS, Encoding::EUC_JP].each do |enc|
           html = <<~eohtml.encode(enc)
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@ def test_encoding_non_utf8
             <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=#{enc.name}">
             <title xml:lang="ja">#{orig}</title></html>
           eohtml
-          text = Nokogiri::HTML.parse(html).at('title').inner_text
+          text = Nokogiri::HTML.parse(html).at("title").inner_text
           assert_equal(
             orig.encode(enc).force_encoding(bin),
             text.encode(enc).force_encoding(bin)
@@ -77,23 +78,23 @@ def test_encoding_with_a_bad_name
           </body>
           </html>
         eohtml
-        doc = Nokogiri::HTML(bad_charset, nil, 'askldjfhalsdfjhlkasdfjh')
-        assert_equal(['http://tenderlovemaking.com/'],
-                     doc.css('a').map { |a| a['href'] })
+        doc = Nokogiri::HTML(bad_charset, nil, "askldjfhalsdfjhlkasdfjh")
+        assert_equal(["http://tenderlovemaking.com/"],
+          doc.css("a").map { |a| a["href"] })
       end
 
       def test_empty_doc_encoding
-        encoding = 'US-ASCII'
+        encoding = "US-ASCII"
         assert_equal(encoding, Nokogiri::HTML.parse(nil, nil, encoding).encoding)
       end
 
       describe "Detection" do
         def binread(file)
-          IO.binread(file)
+          File.binread(file)
         end
 
         def binopen(file)
-          File.open(file, 'rb')
+          File.open(file, "rb")
         end
 
         it "handles both memory and IO" do
@@ -106,37 +107,38 @@ def binopen(file)
 
         it "uses meta charset encoding when present" do
           html = Nokogiri::HTML(binopen(METACHARSET_FILE))
-          assert_equal('iso-2022-jp', html.encoding)
-          assert_equal('たこ焼き仮面', html.title)
+          assert_equal("iso-2022-jp", html.encoding)
+          assert_equal("たこ焼き仮面", html.title)
         end
 
-        {"xhtml" => ENCODING_XHTML_FILE, "html" => ENCODING_HTML_FILE}.each do |flavor, file|
+        { "xhtml" => ENCODING_XHTML_FILE, "html" => ENCODING_HTML_FILE }.each do |flavor, file|
           it "detects #{flavor} document encoding" do
-            doc_from_string_enc = Nokogiri::HTML(binread(file), nil, 'Shift_JIS')
-            ary_from_string_enc = doc_from_string_enc.xpath('//p/text()').map(&:text)
+            doc_from_string_enc = Nokogiri::HTML(binread(file), nil, "Shift_JIS")
+            ary_from_string_enc = doc_from_string_enc.xpath("//p/text()").map(&:text)
 
             doc_from_string = Nokogiri::HTML(binread(file))
-            ary_from_string = doc_from_string.xpath('//p/text()').map(&:text)
+            ary_from_string = doc_from_string.xpath("//p/text()").map(&:text)
 
-            doc_from_file_enc = Nokogiri::HTML(binopen(file), nil, 'Shift_JIS')
-            ary_from_file_enc = doc_from_file_enc.xpath('//p/text()').map(&:text)
+            doc_from_file_enc = Nokogiri::HTML(binopen(file), nil, "Shift_JIS")
+            ary_from_file_enc = doc_from_file_enc.xpath("//p/text()").map(&:text)
 
             doc_from_file = Nokogiri::HTML(binopen(file))
-            ary_from_file = doc_from_file.xpath('//p/text()').map(&:text)
+            ary_from_file = doc_from_file.xpath("//p/text()").map(&:text)
 
-            title = 'たこ焼き仮面'
+            title = "たこ焼き仮面"
 
-            assert_equal(title, doc_from_string_enc.at('//title/text()').text)
-            assert_equal(title, doc_from_string.at('//title/text()').text)
-            assert_equal(title, doc_from_file_enc.at('//title/text()').text)
-            assert_equal(title, doc_from_file.at('//title/text()').text)
+            assert_equal(title, doc_from_string_enc.at("//title/text()").text)
+            assert_equal(title, doc_from_string.at("//title/text()").text)
+            assert_equal(title, doc_from_file_enc.at("//title/text()").text)
+            assert_equal(title, doc_from_file.at("//title/text()").text)
 
-            evil = (0..72).map { |i| '超' * i + '悪い事を構想中。' }
+            evil = (0..72).map { |i| "超" * i + "悪い事を構想中。" }
 
             assert_equal(evil, ary_from_string_enc)
             assert_equal(evil, ary_from_string)
 
             next unless !Nokogiri.uses_libxml? || Nokogiri::VersionInfo.instance.libxml2_has_iconv?
+
             # libxml2 without iconv does not pass this test
             assert_equal(evil, ary_from_file_enc)
             assert_equal(evil, ary_from_file)
@@ -146,13 +148,25 @@ def binopen(file)
         describe "error handling" do
           RAW = "<html><body><div"
 
-          {"read_memory" => RAW, "read_io" => StringIO.new(RAW)}.each do |flavor, input|
+          { "read_memory" => RAW, "read_io" => StringIO.new(RAW) }.each do |flavor, input|
             it "#{flavor} should handle errors" do
               doc = Nokogiri::HTML.parse(input)
               assert_operator(doc.errors.length, :>, 0)
             end
           end
         end
+
+        it "does not start backtracking during detection of XHTML encoding" do
+          # this test is a quick and dirty version
+          # of the more complete perf test that is on main.
+          n = 40_000
+          redos_string = "<?xml " + (" " * n)
+          redos_string.encode!("ASCII-8BIT")
+          start_time = Time.now
+          Nokogiri::HTML4(redos_string)
+          elapsed_time = Time.now - start_time
+          assert_operator(elapsed_time, :<, 1)
+        end
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/html/test_document_fragment.rb b/test/html4/test_document_fragment.rb
similarity index 63%
rename from test/html/test_document_fragment.rb
rename to test/html4/test_document_fragment.rb
index 582093d721..ea3c1ca492 100644
--- a/test/html/test_document_fragment.rb
+++ b/test/html4/test_document_fragment.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -9,26 +10,26 @@ class TestDocumentFragment < Nokogiri::TestCase
         let(:html) { Nokogiri::HTML.parse(File.read(HTML_FILE), HTML_FILE) }
 
         def test_ascii_8bit_encoding
-          s = String.new('hello')
+          s = +"hello"
           s.force_encoding(::Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
           assert_equal("hello", Nokogiri::HTML::DocumentFragment.parse(s).to_html)
         end
 
         def test_inspect_encoding
-          fragment = "<div>こんにちは！</div>".encode('EUC-JP')
+          fragment = "<div>こんにちは！</div>".encode("EUC-JP")
           f = Nokogiri::HTML::DocumentFragment.parse(fragment)
           assert_equal("こんにちは！", f.content)
         end
 
         def test_html_parse_encoding
-          fragment = "<div>こんにちは！</div>".encode('EUC-JP')
+          fragment = "<div>こんにちは！</div>".encode("EUC-JP")
           f = Nokogiri::HTML.fragment(fragment)
-          assert_equal('EUC-JP', f.document.encoding)
+          assert_equal("EUC-JP", f.document.encoding)
           assert_equal("こんにちは！", f.content)
         end
 
         def test_unlink_empty_document
-          frag = Nokogiri::HTML::DocumentFragment.parse('').unlink # must_not_raise
+          frag = Nokogiri::HTML::DocumentFragment.parse("").unlink # must_not_raise
           assert_nil(frag.parent)
         end
 
@@ -39,27 +40,27 @@ def test_colons_are_not_removed
 
         def test_parse_encoding
           fragment = "<div>hello world</div>"
-          f = Nokogiri::HTML::DocumentFragment.parse(fragment, 'ISO-8859-1')
-          assert_equal('ISO-8859-1', f.document.encoding)
+          f = Nokogiri::HTML::DocumentFragment.parse(fragment, "ISO-8859-1")
+          assert_equal("ISO-8859-1", f.document.encoding)
           assert_equal("hello world", f.content)
         end
 
         def test_html_parse_with_encoding
           fragment = "<div>hello world</div>"
-          f = Nokogiri::HTML.fragment(fragment, 'ISO-8859-1')
-          assert_equal('ISO-8859-1', f.document.encoding)
+          f = Nokogiri::HTML.fragment(fragment, "ISO-8859-1")
+          assert_equal("ISO-8859-1", f.document.encoding)
           assert_equal("hello world", f.content)
         end
 
         def test_parse_in_context
-          assert_equal('<br>', html.root.parse('<br />').to_s)
+          assert_equal("<br>", html.root.parse("<br />").to_s)
         end
 
         def test_inner_html=
-          fragment = Nokogiri::HTML.fragment('<hr />')
+          fragment = Nokogiri::HTML.fragment("<hr />")
 
           fragment.inner_html = "hello"
-          assert_equal('hello', fragment.inner_html)
+          assert_equal("hello", fragment.inner_html)
         end
 
         def test_ancestors_search
@@ -71,15 +72,15 @@ def test_ancestors_search
             </div>
           EOF
           fragment = Nokogiri::HTML.fragment(html)
-          li = fragment.at('li')
-          assert(li.matches?('li'))
+          li = fragment.at("li")
+          assert(li.matches?("li"))
         end
 
         def test_fun_encoding
           string = %(<body>こんにちは</body>)
           html = Nokogiri::HTML::DocumentFragment.parse(
             string
-          ).to_html(encoding: 'UTF-8')
+          ).to_html(encoding: "UTF-8")
           assert_equal(string, html)
         end
 
@@ -114,7 +115,7 @@ def test_empty_fragment_should_be_searchable
 
         def test_name
           fragment = Nokogiri::HTML::DocumentFragment.new(html)
-          assert_equal('#document-fragment', fragment.name)
+          assert_equal("#document-fragment", fragment.name)
         end
 
         def test_static_method
@@ -167,7 +168,7 @@ def test_html_fragment_with_input_and_intermediate_whitespace
 
         def test_html_fragment_with_leading_text_and_newline
           fragment = HTML::Document.new.fragment("First line\nSecond line<br>Broken line")
-          assert_equal(fragment.to_s, "First line\nSecond line<br>Broken line")
+          assert_equal("First line\nSecond line<br>Broken line", fragment.to_s)
         end
 
         def test_html_fragment_with_leading_whitespace_and_text_and_newline
@@ -215,14 +216,14 @@ def test_fragment_script_tag_with_cdata
           doc = HTML::Document.new
           fragment = doc.fragment("<script>var foo = 'bar';</script>")
           assert_equal("<script>var foo = 'bar';</script>",
-                       fragment.to_s)
+            fragment.to_s)
         end
 
         def test_fragment_with_comment
           doc = HTML::Document.new
           fragment = doc.fragment("<p>hello<!-- your ad here --></p>")
           assert_equal("<p>hello<!-- your ad here --></p>",
-                       fragment.to_s)
+            fragment.to_s)
         end
 
         def test_element_children_counts
@@ -246,7 +247,7 @@ def test_unclosed_script_tag
 
         def test_error_propagation_on_fragment_parse
           frag = Nokogiri::HTML::DocumentFragment.parse("<hello>oh, hello there.</hello>")
-          assert(frag.errors.any? { |err| err.to_s =~ /Tag hello invalid/ }, "errors should be copied to the fragment")
+          assert(frag.errors.any? { |err| err.to_s.include?("Tag hello invalid") }, "errors should be copied to the fragment")
         end
 
         def test_error_propagation_on_fragment_parse_in_node_context
@@ -254,21 +255,21 @@ def test_error_propagation_on_fragment_parse_in_node_context
           context_node = doc.at_css("div")
           frag = Nokogiri::HTML::DocumentFragment.new(doc, "<hello>oh, hello there.</hello>", context_node)
           assert(frag.errors.any? do |err|
-                   err.to_s =~ /Tag hello invalid/
+                   err.to_s.include?("Tag hello invalid")
                  end, "errors should be on the context node's document")
         end
 
         def test_error_propagation_on_fragment_parse_in_node_context_should_not_include_preexisting_errors
           doc = Nokogiri::HTML::Document.parse("<html><body><div></div><jimmy></jimmy></body></html>")
-          assert(doc.errors.any? { |err| err.to_s =~ /jimmy/ }, "assert on setup")
+          assert(doc.errors.any? { |err| err.to_s.include?("jimmy") }, "assert on setup")
 
           context_node = doc.at_css("div")
           frag = Nokogiri::HTML::DocumentFragment.new(doc, "<hello>oh, hello there.</hello>", context_node)
           assert(frag.errors.any? do |err|
-                   err.to_s =~ /Tag hello invalid/
+                   err.to_s.include?("Tag hello invalid")
                  end, "errors should be on the context node's document")
           assert(frag.errors.none? do |err|
-                   err.to_s =~ /jimmy/
+                   err.to_s.include?("jimmy")
                  end, "errors should not include pre-existing document errors")
         end
 
@@ -289,8 +290,8 @@ def test_capturing_nonparse_errors_during_node_copy_between_fragments
           node2 = frag2.at_css("#unique")
           original_errors1 = frag1.errors.dup
           original_errors2 = frag2.errors.dup
-          assert(original_errors1.any? { |e| e.to_s =~ /Tag diva invalid/ }, "it should complain about the tag name")
-          assert(original_errors2.any? { |e| e.to_s =~ /Tag dive invalid/ }, "it should complain about the tag name")
+          assert(original_errors1.any? { |e| e.to_s.include?("Tag diva invalid") }, "it should complain about the tag name")
+          assert(original_errors2.any? { |e| e.to_s.include?("Tag dive invalid") }, "it should complain about the tag name")
 
           node1.add_child(node2)
 
@@ -305,6 +306,147 @@ def test_dup_should_create_an_html_document_fragment
           assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::HTML::DocumentFragment, duplicate)
         end
 
+        describe "parse options" do
+          let(:html4_default) do
+            Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_HTML)
+          end
+
+          let(:html4_strict) do
+            Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_HTML).norecover
+          end
+
+          let(:input) { "<div>foo</div" }
+
+          it "sets the test up correctly" do
+            assert_predicate(html4_strict, :strict?)
+          end
+
+          describe "HTML4.fragment" do
+            it "has sane defaults" do
+              frag = Nokogiri::HTML4.fragment(input)
+              assert_equal("<div>foo</div>", frag.to_html)
+              refute_empty(frag.errors)
+            end
+
+            it "accepts options" do
+              frag = Nokogiri::HTML4.fragment(input, nil, html4_default)
+              assert_equal("<div>foo</div>", frag.to_html)
+              refute_empty(frag.errors)
+
+              assert_raises(Nokogiri::SyntaxError) do
+                Nokogiri::HTML4.fragment(input, nil, html4_strict)
+              end
+            end
+
+            it "takes a config block" do
+              default_config = nil
+              Nokogiri::HTML4.fragment(input) do |config|
+                default_config = config
+              end
+              refute_predicate(default_config, :strict?)
+
+              assert_raises(Nokogiri::SyntaxError) do
+                Nokogiri::HTML4.fragment(input, &:norecover)
+              end
+            end
+          end
+
+          describe "HTML4::DocumentFragment.parse" do
+            it "has sane defaults" do
+              frag = Nokogiri::HTML4::DocumentFragment.parse(input)
+              assert_equal("<div>foo</div>", frag.to_html)
+              refute_empty(frag.errors)
+            end
+
+            it "accepts options" do
+              frag = Nokogiri::HTML4::DocumentFragment.parse(input, nil, html4_default)
+              assert_equal("<div>foo</div>", frag.to_html)
+              refute_empty(frag.errors)
+
+              assert_raises(Nokogiri::SyntaxError) do
+                Nokogiri::HTML4::DocumentFragment.parse(input, nil, html4_strict)
+              end
+            end
+
+            it "takes a config block" do
+              default_config = nil
+              Nokogiri::HTML4::DocumentFragment.parse(input) do |config|
+                default_config = config
+              end
+              refute_predicate(default_config, :strict?)
+
+              assert_raises(Nokogiri::SyntaxError) do
+                Nokogiri::HTML4::DocumentFragment.parse(input, &:norecover)
+              end
+            end
+          end
+
+          describe "HTML4::DocumentFragment.new" do
+            describe "without a context node" do
+              it "has sane defaults" do
+                frag = Nokogiri::HTML4::DocumentFragment.new(Nokogiri::HTML4::Document.new, input)
+                assert_equal("<div>foo</div>", frag.to_html)
+                refute_empty(frag.errors)
+              end
+
+              it "accepts options" do
+                frag = Nokogiri::HTML4::DocumentFragment.new(Nokogiri::HTML4::Document.new, input, nil, html4_default)
+                assert_equal("<div>foo</div>", frag.to_html)
+                refute_empty(frag.errors)
+
+                assert_raises(Nokogiri::SyntaxError) do
+                  Nokogiri::HTML4::DocumentFragment.new(Nokogiri::HTML4::Document.new, input, nil, html4_strict)
+                end
+              end
+
+              it "takes a config block" do
+                default_config = nil
+                Nokogiri::HTML4::DocumentFragment.new(Nokogiri::HTML4::Document.new, input) do |config|
+                  default_config = config
+                end
+                refute_predicate(default_config, :strict?)
+
+                assert_raises(Nokogiri::SyntaxError) do
+                  Nokogiri::HTML4::DocumentFragment.new(Nokogiri::HTML4::Document.new, input, &:norecover)
+                end
+              end
+            end
+
+            describe "with a context node" do
+              let(:document) { Nokogiri::HTML4::Document.parse("<context></context>") }
+              let(:context_node) { document.at_css("context") }
+
+              it "has sane defaults" do
+                frag = Nokogiri::HTML4::DocumentFragment.new(document, input, context_node)
+                assert_equal("<div>foo</div>", frag.to_html)
+                refute_empty(frag.errors)
+              end
+
+              it "accepts options" do
+                frag = Nokogiri::HTML4::DocumentFragment.new(document, input, context_node, html4_default)
+                assert_equal("<div>foo</div>", frag.to_html)
+                refute_empty(frag.errors)
+
+                assert_raises(Nokogiri::SyntaxError) do
+                  Nokogiri::HTML4::DocumentFragment.new(document, input, context_node, html4_strict)
+                end
+              end
+
+              it "takes a config block" do
+                default_config = nil
+                Nokogiri::HTML4::DocumentFragment.new(document, input, context_node) do |config|
+                  default_config = config
+                end
+                refute_predicate(default_config, :strict?)
+
+                assert_raises(Nokogiri::SyntaxError) do
+                  Nokogiri::HTML4::DocumentFragment.new(document, input, context_node, &:norecover)
+                end
+              end
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
         describe "subclassing" do
           let(:klass) do
             Class.new(Nokogiri::HTML::DocumentFragment) do
diff --git a/test/html4/test_element_description.rb b/test/html4/test_element_description.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6f17f592af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/html4/test_element_description.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "helper"
+
+module Nokogiri
+  module HTML
+    class TestElementDescription < Nokogiri::TestCase
+      def test_fetch_nonexistent
+        assert_nil(ElementDescription["foo"])
+      end
+
+      def test_fetch_element_description
+        assert(desc = ElementDescription["a"])
+        assert_instance_of(ElementDescription, desc)
+      end
+
+      def test_name
+        assert_equal("a", ElementDescription["a"].name)
+      end
+
+      def test_implied_start_tag?
+        refute_predicate(ElementDescription["a"], :implied_start_tag?)
+      end
+
+      def test_implied_end_tag?
+        refute_predicate(ElementDescription["a"], :implied_end_tag?)
+        assert_predicate(ElementDescription["p"], :implied_end_tag?)
+      end
+
+      def test_save_end_tag?
+        refute_predicate(ElementDescription["a"], :save_end_tag?)
+        assert_predicate(ElementDescription["br"], :save_end_tag?)
+      end
+
+      def test_empty?
+        assert_empty(ElementDescription["br"])
+        refute_empty(ElementDescription["a"])
+      end
+
+      def test_deprecated?
+        assert_predicate(ElementDescription["applet"], :deprecated?)
+        refute_predicate(ElementDescription["br"], :deprecated?)
+      end
+
+      def test_inline?
+        assert_predicate(ElementDescription["strong"], :inline?)
+        refute_predicate(ElementDescription["div"], :inline?)
+      end
+
+      def test_block?
+        element = ElementDescription["a"]
+        assert_equal(!element.inline?, element.block?)
+      end
+
+      def test_description
+        assert(ElementDescription["a"].description)
+      end
+
+      def test_subelements
+        sub_elements = ElementDescription["body"].sub_elements
+        if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?(">= 2.7.7")
+          assert_equal(65, sub_elements.length)
+        elsif Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
+          assert_equal(61, sub_elements.length)
+        else
+          refute_empty(sub_elements)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def test_default_sub_element
+        assert_equal("div", ElementDescription["body"].default_sub_element)
+      end
+
+      def test_null_default_sub_element
+        doc = Nokogiri::HTML("foo")
+        doc.root.description.default_sub_element
+      end
+
+      def test_optional_attributes
+        attrs = ElementDescription["table"].optional_attributes
+        assert(attrs)
+      end
+
+      def test_deprecated_attributes
+        attrs = ElementDescription["table"].deprecated_attributes
+        assert(attrs)
+        assert_equal(2, attrs.length)
+      end
+
+      def test_required_attributes
+        attrs = ElementDescription["table"].required_attributes
+        assert(attrs)
+        assert_equal(0, attrs.length)
+      end
+
+      def test_inspect
+        desc = ElementDescription["input"]
+        assert_match(desc.name, desc.inspect)
+      end
+
+      def test_to_s
+        desc = ElementDescription["input"]
+        assert_match(desc.name, desc.to_s)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/test/html4/test_html_module.rb b/test/html4/test_html_module.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2e14202457
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/html4/test_html_module.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "helper"
+
+class Nokogiri::TestCase
+  describe Nokogiri::HTML do
+    it "is the same as Nokogiri::HTML4" do
+      assert_same(Nokogiri::HTML, Nokogiri::HTML4)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "Nokogiri.HTML()" do
+    it "is the same as Nokogiri.HTML4()" do
+      assert_equal(Nokogiri.method(:HTML), Nokogiri.method(:HTML4))
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/test/html/test_named_characters.rb b/test/html4/test_named_characters.rb
similarity index 59%
rename from test/html/test_named_characters.rb
rename to test/html4/test_named_characters.rb
index d43cf15733..f042ba0b0c 100644
--- a/test/html/test_named_characters.rb
+++ b/test/html4/test_named_characters.rb
@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
   module HTML
     class TestNamedCharacters < Nokogiri::TestCase
       def test_named_character
-        copy = NamedCharacters.get('copy')
-        assert_equal 169, NamedCharacters['copy']
-        assert_equal copy.value, NamedCharacters['copy']
-        assert copy.description
+        copy = NamedCharacters.get("copy")
+        assert_equal(169, NamedCharacters["copy"])
+        assert_equal(copy.value, NamedCharacters["copy"])
+        assert(copy.description)
       end
 
       def test_named_character2
@@ -17,10 +19,10 @@ def test_named_character2
         #
         # if we ever write a second meaningful test for anything that calls EntityLookup#get then we
         # can remove this test.
-        copy = NamedCharacters.get('copy')
-        assert_equal 169, NamedCharacters['copy']
-        assert_equal copy.value, NamedCharacters['copy']
-        assert copy.description
+        copy = NamedCharacters.get("copy")
+        assert_equal(169, NamedCharacters["copy"])
+        assert_equal(copy.value, NamedCharacters["copy"])
+        assert(copy.description)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/html4/test_node.rb b/test/html4/test_node.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..06537ec690
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/html4/test_node.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "helper"
+
+require "nkf"
+
+module Nokogiri
+  module HTML
+    class TestNode < Nokogiri::TestCase
+      def setup
+        super
+        @html = Nokogiri::HTML(<<-eohtml)
+        <html>
+          <head></head>
+          <body>
+            <div class='baz'><a href="foo" class="bar">first</a></div>
+          </body>
+        </html>
+        eohtml
+      end
+
+      def test_to_a
+        assert_equal([["class", "bar"], ["href", "foo"]], @html.at("a").to_a.sort)
+      end
+
+      def test_attr
+        node = @html.at("div.baz")
+        assert_equal(node["class"], node.attr("class"))
+      end
+
+      def test_get_attribute
+        element = @html.at("div")
+        assert_equal("baz", element.get_attribute("class"))
+        assert_equal("baz", element["class"])
+        element["href"] = "javascript:alert(\"AGGA-KA-BOO!\")"
+        assert_match(/%22AGGA-KA-BOO!%22/, element.to_html)
+      end
+
+      # The HTML parser ignores namespaces, so even properly declared namespaces
+      # are treated as as undeclared and have to be accessed via prefix:tagname
+      def test_ns_attribute
+        html = '<i foo:bar="baz"></i>'
+        doc = Nokogiri::HTML(html)
+        assert_equal("baz", (doc % "i")["foo:bar"])
+      end
+
+      def test_css_path_round_trip
+        doc = Nokogiri::HTML(File.read(HTML_FILE))
+        ["#header", "small", "div[2]", "div.post", "body"].each do |css_sel|
+          ele = doc.at(css_sel)
+          assert_equal(ele, doc.at(ele.css_path), ele.css_path)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def test_path_round_trip
+        doc = Nokogiri::HTML(File.read(HTML_FILE))
+        ["#header", "small", "div[2]", "div.post", "body"].each do |css_sel|
+          ele = doc.at(css_sel)
+          assert_equal(ele, doc.at(ele.path), ele.path)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def test_append_with_document
+        assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+          @html.root << Nokogiri::HTML::Document.new
+        end
+      end
+
+      ###
+      # Make sure a document that doesn't declare a meta encoding returns
+      # nil.
+      def test_meta_encoding
+        assert_nil(@html.meta_encoding)
+      end
+
+      def test_description
+        assert(desc = @html.at("a.bar").description)
+        assert_equal("a", desc.name)
+      end
+
+      def test_ancestors_with_selector
+        assert(node = @html.at("a.bar").child)
+        assert(list = node.ancestors(".baz"))
+        assert_equal(1, list.length)
+        assert_equal("div", list.first.name)
+      end
+
+      def test_matches_inside_fragment
+        fragment = DocumentFragment.new(@html)
+        fragment << XML::Node.new("a", @html)
+
+        a = fragment.children.last
+        assert(a.matches?("a"), "a should match")
+      end
+
+      def test_css_matches?
+        assert(node = @html.at("a.bar"))
+        assert(node.matches?("a.bar"))
+      end
+
+      def test_xpath_matches?
+        assert(node = @html.at("//a"))
+        assert(node.matches?("//a"))
+      end
+
+      def test_unlink_then_swap
+        node = @html.at("a")
+        node.unlink
+
+        assert_raises(RuntimeError) { node.add_previous_sibling(@html.at("div")) }
+      end
+
+      def test_swap
+        @html.at("div").swap('<a href="foo">bar</a>')
+        a_tag = @html.css("a").first
+        assert_equal("body", a_tag.parent.name)
+        assert_equal(0, @html.css("div").length)
+      end
+
+      def test_swap_with_regex_characters
+        @html.at("div").swap('<a href="foo">ba)r</a>')
+        a_tag = @html.css("a").first
+        assert_equal("ba)r", a_tag.text)
+      end
+
+      def test_attribute_decodes_entities
+        node = @html.at("div")
+        node["href"] = "foo&bar"
+        assert_equal("foo&bar", node["href"])
+        node["href"] += "&baz"
+        assert_equal("foo&bar&baz", node["href"])
+      end
+
+      def test_parse_config_option
+        node = @html.at("div")
+        options = nil
+        node.parse("<div></div>") do |config|
+          options = config
+        end
+        assert_equal(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_HTML, options.to_i)
+      end
+
+      def test_fragment_handler_does_not_regurge_on_invalid_attributes
+        iframe = %{<iframe style="width: 0%; height: 0px" src="http://someurl" allowtransparency></iframe>}
+        assert(@html.at("div").fragment(iframe))
+      end
+
+      def test_fragment
+        fragment = @html.fragment(<<-eohtml)
+          hello
+          <div class="foo">
+            <p>bar</p>
+          </div>
+          world
+        eohtml
+        assert_match(/^hello/, fragment.inner_html.strip)
+        assert_equal(3, fragment.children.length)
+        assert(p_tag = fragment.css("p").first)
+        assert_equal("div", p_tag.parent.name)
+        assert_equal("foo", p_tag.parent["class"])
+      end
+
+      def test_fragment_serialization
+        fragment = Nokogiri::HTML.fragment("<div>foo</div>")
+        assert_equal("<div>foo</div>", fragment.serialize.chomp)
+        assert_equal("<div>foo</div>", fragment.to_xml.chomp)
+        assert_equal("<div>foo</div>", fragment.inner_html)
+        assert_equal("<div>foo</div>", fragment.to_html)
+        assert_equal("<div>foo</div>", fragment.to_s)
+      end
+
+      def test_to_html_does_not_contain_entities
+        return unless defined?(NKF) # NKF is not implemented on Rubinius as of 2009-11-23
+
+        html = NKF.nkf("-e --msdos", <<-EOH)
+        <html><body>
+        <p> test paragraph
+        foo bar </p>
+        </body></html>
+        EOH
+        nokogiri = Nokogiri::HTML.parse(html)
+
+        if RUBY_PLATFORM.include?("java")
+          # NKF linebreak modes are not supported as of jruby 1.2
+          # see http://jira.codehaus.org/browse/JRUBY-3602 for status
+          assert_equal("<p>testparagraph\nfoobar</p>",
+            nokogiri.at("p").to_html.delete(" "))
+        else
+          assert_equal("<p>testparagraph\r\nfoobar</p>",
+            nokogiri.at("p").to_html.delete(" "))
+        end
+      end
+
+      def test_GH_1042
+        file = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "GH_1042.html")
+        html = Nokogiri::HTML(File.read(file))
+        table = html.xpath("//table")[1]
+        trs = table.xpath("tr").drop(1)
+
+        # the jruby inplementation of drop uses dup() on the IRubyObject (which
+        # is NOT the same dup() method on the ruby Object) which produces a
+        # shallow clone. a shallow of valid XMLNode triggers several
+        # NullPointerException on inspect() since loads of invariants
+        # are not set. the fix for GH1042 ensures a proper working clone.
+        trs.inspect # assert_nothing_raised
+      end
+
+      def test_fragment_node_to_xhtml # see #2355
+        html = "<h1><a></a><br>First H1</h1>"
+        fragment = Nokogiri::HTML4::DocumentFragment.parse(html)
+        assert_equal("<h1><a></a><br />First H1</h1>", fragment.at_css("h1").to_xhtml)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/test/html4/test_node_encoding.rb b/test/html4/test_node_encoding.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..28855f3a73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/html4/test_node_encoding.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "helper"
+
+module Nokogiri
+  module HTML
+    class TestNodeEncoding < Nokogiri::TestCase
+      def setup
+        super
+        @html = Nokogiri::HTML(File.open(NICH_FILE, "rb"))
+      end
+
+      def test_get_attribute
+        node = @html.css("a").first
+        assert_equal("UTF-8", node["href"].encoding.name)
+      end
+
+      def test_text_encoding_is_utf_8
+        assert_equal("UTF-8", @html.text.encoding.name)
+      end
+
+      def test_serialize_encoding_html
+        if Nokogiri.uses_libxml? && !Nokogiri::VersionInfo.instance.libxml2_has_iconv?
+          skip("libxml2 without iconv does not pass this test")
+        end
+
+        assert_equal(@html.encoding.downcase,
+          @html.serialize.encoding.name.downcase)
+
+        @doc = Nokogiri::HTML(@html.serialize)
+        assert_equal(@html.serialize, @doc.serialize)
+      end
+
+      def test_default_encoding
+        doc = Nokogiri::HTML(nil)
+        assert_nil(doc.encoding)
+        assert_equal("UTF-8", doc.serialize.encoding.name)
+      end
+
+      def test_encode_special_chars
+        foo = @html.css("a").first.encode_special_chars("foo")
+        assert_equal("UTF-8", foo.encoding.name)
+      end
+
+      def test_content
+        node = @html.css("a").first
+        assert_equal("UTF-8", node.content.encoding.name)
+      end
+
+      def test_name
+        node = @html.css("a").first
+        assert_equal("UTF-8", node.name.encoding.name)
+      end
+
+      def test_path
+        node = @html.css("a").first
+        assert_equal("UTF-8", node.path.encoding.name)
+      end
+
+      def test_inner_html
+        doc = Nokogiri::HTML(File.open(SHIFT_JIS_HTML, "rb"))
+
+        hello = "こんにちは"
+
+        contents = doc.at("h2").inner_html
+        assert_equal(doc.encoding, contents.encoding.name)
+        assert_match(hello.encode("Shift_JIS"), contents)
+
+        contents = doc.at("h2").inner_html(encoding: "UTF-8")
+        assert_match(hello, contents)
+
+        doc.encoding = "UTF-8"
+        contents = doc.at("h2").inner_html
+        assert_match(hello, contents)
+      end
+
+      def test_encoding_GH_1113
+        doc = Nokogiri::HTML::Document.new
+        hex = "<p>&#x1f340;</p>"
+        decimal = "<p>&#127808;</p>"
+        encoded = "<p>🍀</p>"
+
+        doc.encoding = "UTF-8"
+        [hex, decimal, encoded].each do |document|
+          assert_equal(encoded, doc.fragment(document).to_s)
+        end
+
+        doc.encoding = "US-ASCII"
+        expected = Nokogiri.jruby? ? hex : decimal
+        [hex, decimal].each do |document|
+          assert_equal(expected, doc.fragment(document).to_s)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/test/html5/test_api.rb b/test/html5/test_api.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..af10dc11db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/html5/test_api.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+# coding: utf-8
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "helper"
+
+class TestHtml5API < Nokogiri::TestCase
+  def test_parse_convenience_methods
+    html = "<!DOCTYPE html><p>hi"
+    base = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.parse(html)
+    html5_parse = Nokogiri::HTML5.parse(html)
+    html5 = Nokogiri::HTML5(html)
+    str = base.to_html
+    assert_equal(str, html5_parse.to_html)
+    assert_equal(str, html5.to_html)
+  end
+
+  def test_fragment_convenience_methods
+    frag = "<div><p>hi</div>"
+    base = Nokogiri::HTML5::DocumentFragment.parse(frag)
+    html5_fragment = Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(frag)
+    assert_equal(base.to_html, html5_fragment.to_html)
+  end
+
+  def test_url
+    html = "<p>hi"
+    url = "http://example.com"
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.parse(html, url, max_errors: 1)
+    assert_equal(url, doc.errors[0].file)
+
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5.parse(html, url, max_errors: 1)
+    assert_equal(url, doc.errors[0].file)
+
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(html, url, max_errors: 1)
+    assert_equal(url, doc.errors[0].file)
+  end
+
+  def test_parse_encoding
+    utf8 = "<!DOCTYPE html><body><p>おはようございます"
+    shift_jis = utf8.encode(Encoding::SHIFT_JIS)
+    raw = shift_jis.dup
+    raw.force_encoding(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
+
+    assert_match(/おはようございます/, Nokogiri::HTML5(utf8).to_s)
+    assert_match(/おはようございます/, Nokogiri::HTML5(shift_jis).to_s)
+    refute_match(/おはようございます/, Nokogiri::HTML5(raw).to_s)
+
+    assert_match(/おはようございます/, Nokogiri::HTML5(raw, nil, Encoding::SHIFT_JIS).to_s)
+    assert_match(/おはようございます/, Nokogiri::HTML5.parse(raw, nil, Encoding::SHIFT_JIS).to_s)
+    assert_match(/おはようございます/, Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.parse(raw, nil, Encoding::SHIFT_JIS).to_s)
+  end
+
+  def test_fragment_encoding
+    utf8 = "<div><p>おはようございます</div>"
+    shift_jis = utf8.encode(Encoding::SHIFT_JIS)
+    raw = shift_jis.dup
+    raw.force_encoding(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
+
+    assert_match(/おはようございます/, Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(utf8).to_s)
+    assert_match(/おはようございます/, Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(shift_jis).to_s)
+    refute_match(/おはようございます/, Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(raw).to_s)
+
+    assert_match(/おはようございます/, Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(raw, Encoding::SHIFT_JIS).to_s)
+    assert_match(/おはようございます/, Nokogiri::HTML5::DocumentFragment.parse(raw, Encoding::SHIFT_JIS).to_s)
+  end
+
+  def test_fragment_serialization_encoding
+    frag = Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment("<span>아는 길도 물어가라</span>")
+    html = frag.serialize(encoding: "US-ASCII")
+    assert_equal("<span>&#xc544;&#xb294; &#xae38;&#xb3c4; &#xbb3c;&#xc5b4;&#xac00;&#xb77c;</span>", html)
+    frag = Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(html)
+    assert_equal("<span>아는 길도 물어가라</span>", frag.serialize)
+  end
+
+  def test_serialization_encoding
+    html = "<!DOCUMENT html><span>ฉันไม่พูดภาษาไทย</span>"
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(html)
+    span = doc.at("/html/body/span")
+    serialized = span.inner_html(encoding: "US-ASCII")
+    assert_match(/^(?:&#(?:\d+|x\h+);)*$/, serialized)
+    assert_equal("ฉันไม่พูดภาษาไทย".each_char.map(&:ord),
+      serialized.scan(/&#(\d+|x\h+);/).map do |s|
+        s = s.first
+        if s.start_with?("x")
+          s[1..-1].to_i(16)
+        else
+          s.to_i
+        end
+      end)
+
+    doc2 = Nokogiri::HTML5(doc.serialize(encoding: "Big5"))
+    html2 = doc2.serialize(encoding: "UTF-8")
+    assert_match("ฉันไม่พูดภาษาไทย", html2)
+  end
+
+  ["pre", "listing", "textarea"].each do |tag|
+    define_method("test_serialize_preserve_newline_#{tag}".to_sym) do
+      doc = Nokogiri::HTML5("<!DOCTYPE html><#{tag}>\n\nContent</#{tag}>")
+      html = doc.at("/html/body/#{tag}").serialize(preserve_newline: true)
+      assert_equal "<#{tag}>\n\nContent</#{tag}>", html
+    end
+
+    define_method("test_inner_html_preserve_newline_#{tag}".to_sym) do
+      doc = Nokogiri::HTML5("<!DOCTYPE html><#{tag}>\n\nContent</#{tag}>")
+      html = doc.at("/html/body/#{tag}").inner_html(preserve_newline: true)
+      assert_equal "\n\nContent", html
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_document_io
+    html = StringIO.new("<!DOCTYPE html><span>test</span>", "r")
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.read_io(html)
+    refute_nil(doc.at_xpath("/html/body/span"))
+  end
+
+  def test_document_memory
+    html = "<!DOCTYPE html><span>test</span>"
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.read_memory(html)
+    refute_nil(doc)
+    refute_nil(doc.at_xpath("/html/body/span"))
+  end
+
+  def test_document_io_failure
+    html = "<!DOCTYPE html><span>test</span>"
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError) { Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.read_io(html) }
+  end
+
+  def test_document_memory_failure
+    html = StringIO.new("<!DOCTYPE html><span>test</span>", "r")
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError) { Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.read_memory(html) }
+  end
+
+  def test_document_parse_failure
+    html = ["Neither a string, nor I/O"]
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError) { Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.parse(html) }
+  end
+
+  def test_ownership
+    # Test that we don't change the passed in string, even if we need to
+    # re-encode it.
+    html = "<!DOCTYPE html><html></html>"
+    refute_nil(Nokogiri::HTML5.parse(html))
+
+    iso8859_1 = html.encode(Encoding::ISO_8859_1).freeze
+    refute_nil(Nokogiri::HTML5.parse(iso8859_1))
+
+    ascii_8bit = html.encode(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT).freeze
+    refute_nil(Nokogiri::HTML5.parse(ascii_8bit))
+  end
+
+  def test_fragment_from_node
+    doc = Nokogiri.HTML5("<!DOCTYPE html><form><span></span></form>")
+    span = doc.at_xpath("/html/body/form/span")
+    refute_nil(span)
+    frag = span.fragment("<form>Nested forms should be ignored</form>")
+    assert(frag.is_a?(Nokogiri::HTML5::DocumentFragment))
+    assert_equal(1, frag.children.length)
+    nested_form = frag.at_xpath("form")
+    assert_nil(nested_form)
+    assert_predicate(frag.children[0], :text?)
+  end
+
+  def test_fragment_from_node_no_form
+    doc = Nokogiri.HTML5("<!DOCTYPE html><span></span></form>")
+    span = doc.at_xpath("/html/body/span")
+    refute_nil(span)
+    frag = span.fragment("<form><span>Form should not be ignored</span></form>")
+    assert(frag.is_a?(Nokogiri::HTML5::DocumentFragment))
+    assert_equal(1, frag.children.length)
+    form = frag.at_xpath("form")
+    refute_nil(form)
+  end
+
+  def test_empty_fragment
+    doc = Nokogiri.HTML5("<!DOCTYPE html><body>")
+    frag = doc.fragment
+    assert(frag.is_a?(Nokogiri::HTML5::DocumentFragment))
+    assert_empty(frag.children)
+  end
+
+  def test_html_eh
+    doc = Nokogiri.HTML5("<html><body><div></div></body></html>")
+    assert_predicate(doc, :html?)
+    refute_predicate(doc, :xml?)
+  end
+end if Nokogiri.uses_gumbo?
diff --git a/test/html5/test_encoding.rb b/test/html5/test_encoding.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e8c4895f34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/html5/test_encoding.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+# coding: utf-8
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "helper"
+
+class TestHtml5Encoding < Nokogiri::TestCase
+  if "".respond_to?("encoding")
+    def test_macroman_encoding
+      mac = (+"<span>\xCA</span>").force_encoding("macroman")
+      doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(mac)
+      assert_equal("<span> </span>", doc.at("span").to_xml)
+    end
+
+    def test_iso8859_encoding
+      iso8859 = (+"<span>Se\xF1or</span>").force_encoding(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
+      doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(iso8859)
+      assert_equal("<span>Señor</span>", doc.at("span").to_xml)
+    end
+
+    def test_charset_encoding
+      utf8 = (+"<meta charset='utf-8'><span>Se\xC3\xB1or</span>")
+        .force_encoding(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
+      doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(utf8)
+      assert_equal("<span>Señor</span>", doc.at("span").to_xml)
+    end
+
+    def test_bogus_encoding
+      bogus = (+"<meta charset='bogus'><span>Se\xF1or</span>")
+        .force_encoding(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
+      doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(bogus)
+      assert_equal("<span>Señor</span>", doc.at("span").to_xml)
+    end
+
+    def test_utf8_bom
+      utf8 = "\uFEFF<!DOCTYPE html><html></html>".encode("UTF-8")
+      doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(utf8, max_errors: 10)
+      assert_empty(doc.errors)
+    end
+
+    def test_utf16le_bom
+      utf16le = "\uFEFF<!DOCTYPE html><html></html>".encode("UTF-16LE")
+      doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(utf16le, max_errors: 10)
+      assert_empty(doc.errors)
+    end
+
+    def test_utf16be_bom
+      utf16be = "\uFEFF<!DOCTYPE html><html></html>".encode("UTF-16BE")
+      doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(utf16be, max_errors: 10)
+      assert_empty(doc.errors)
+    end
+
+    def test_utf8_bom_ascii
+      utf8 = "\uFEFF<!DOCTYPE html><html></html>".encode("UTF-8")
+      utf8.force_encoding(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
+      doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(utf8, max_errors: 10)
+      doc.errors.each { |err| puts(err) }
+      assert_empty(doc.errors)
+    end
+
+    def test_utf16le_bom_ascii
+      utf16le = "\uFEFF<!DOCTYPE html><html></html>".encode("UTF-16LE")
+      utf16le.force_encoding(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
+      doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(utf16le, max_errors: 10)
+      assert_empty(doc.errors)
+      doc.errors.each { |err| puts(err) }
+    end
+
+    def test_utf16be_bom_ascii
+      utf16be = "\uFEFF<!DOCTYPE html><html></html>".encode("UTF-16BE")
+      utf16be.force_encoding(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
+      doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(utf16be, max_errors: 10)
+      assert_empty(doc.errors)
+      doc.errors.each { |err| puts(err) }
+    end
+
+    def test_tag_after_utf8_bom
+      utf8 = "\uFEFF<b></b>".encode("UTF-8")
+      doc = Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(utf8, max_errors: 10)
+      assert_empty(doc.errors)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # https://github.com/rubys/nokogumbo/issues/68
+  def test_charset_sniff_to_html
+    html = <<-EOF.gsub(/^      /, "")
+      <!DOCTYPE html>
+      <html>
+        <head>
+          <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8; width=device-width">
+        </head>
+        <body>
+          Hello!
+        </body>
+      </html>
+    EOF
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(html, max_errors: 10)
+    assert_equal(0, doc.errors.length)
+    refute_equal("", doc.to_html)
+  end
+
+  # https://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/#names-and-labels
+  # I chose these by looking at the Wikipedia page for each encoding, picked
+  # one of the languages it was supposed to encode, and then Googled for a
+  # proverb in the language. Apologies if these are ill-chosen or nonsensical.
+  # I'm happy to change them. I'm just pasting them in here so I'm pretty sure
+  # the right-to-left languages are backward. Corrections welcome.
+  ENCODINGS = [
+    ["UTF-8",          "Let's concatentate all of these for UTF-8"], # English
+    ["IBM866",         "А дело бывало -- и коза волка съедала"], # Russian
+    ["ISO-8859-2",     "Co můžeš udělat dnes, neodkládej na zítřek."], # Czech
+    ["ISO-8859-3",     "Yukarda mavi gök, asağıda yağız yer yaratıldıkta"], # Turkish
+    ["ISO-8859-4",     "Ceļš uz elli ir bruģēts ar labiem nodomiem."], # Latvian
+    ["ISO-8859-5",     "Каде има сила, нема правдина."], # Macedonian
+    ["ISO-8859-6",     "أباد الله خضراءهم ابذل لصديقك دمك ومالك"], # Arabic
+    ["ISO-8859-7",     "Η καλύτερη άμυνα είναι η επίθεση."], # Greek
+    ["ISO-8859-8",     "אין הנחתום מעיד על עיסתו"], # Hebrew
+    ["ISO-8859-8-I",   "אל תסתכל בקנקן, אלא במה שבתוכו"], # Hebrew
+    ["ISO-8859-10",    "Alla känner apan, men apan känner ingen."], # Swedish
+    ["ISO-8859-13",    "Lašas po lašo ir akmenį pratašo."], # Lithuanian
+    ["ISO-8859-14",    "ha bhòrd bòrd gun aran ach 's bòrd aran leis fhèin."], # Scottish Gaelic
+    ["ISO-8859-15",    "This is essentially ISO 8859-1 but with € Š š Ž ž Œ œ Ÿ"], # English
+    ["ISO-8859-16",    "Kiedy wszedłeś między wrony, musisz krakać jak i one."], # Polish
+    ["KOI8-R",         "А дело бывало -- и коза волка съедала"], # Russian
+    ["KOI8-U",         "Яблуко від яблуньки не далеко. Ґ, Є, І, Ї"], # Ukrainian
+    ["macroman",       "Some good old Mac Roman œ∑´®†¥¨ˆøπå߃©"], # English
+    ["windows-874",    "กระต่ายหมายจันทร์"], # Thai
+    ["windows-1250",   "Addig nyújtózkodj, amíg a takaród ér."], # Hungarian
+    ["windows-1251",   "Бързата работа - срам за майстора."], # Bulgarian
+    ["windows-1252",   "Basically ISO 8859-1 with ‘differences’™ •"], # English
+    ["windows-1253",   "Και οι τοίχοι έχουν αυτιά."], # Greek
+    ["windows-1254",   "Baban nasılsa oğlu da öyledir."], # Turkish
+    ["windows-1255",   "אל תקנה חתול בשק; ₪"], # Hebrew
+    ["windows-1256",   "أبطأ من سلحفاة"], # Arabic
+    ["windows-1257",   "Hommikune töö kuld, õhtune muld."], # Estonian
+    ["windows-1258",   "Ăn theo thuở, ở theo thời."], # Vietnamese
+    ["macCyrillic", "А дело бывало -- и коза волка съедала"], # Russian
+    ["GBK",            "不闻不若闻之，闻之不若见之，见之不若知之，知之不若行之；学至于行之而止矣"], # Simplified Chinese
+    ["gb18030",        "不聞不若聞之，聞之不若見之，見之不若知之，知之不若行之；學至於行之而止矣"], # Traditional Chinese
+    ["Big5",           "有其父必有其子"], # Traditional Chinese
+    ["EUC-JP",         "猿も木から落ちる"], # Japanese
+    ["ISO-2022-JP",    "井の中の蛙大海を知らず"], # Japanese
+    ["Shift_JIS",      "鳥なき里の蝙蝠"], # Japanese
+    ["EUC-KR",         "아는 길도 물어가라"], # Korean
+    ["replacement",    "콩 심은데 콩나고, 팥 심은데 팥난다"], # Korean
+    ["UTF-16BE",       "Everything had better be representable!"], # English
+    ["UTF-16LE",       "Same as with UTF-16BE"], # English
+    ["US-ASCII",       "Surprisingly not one of the required encodings"], # English
+  ].freeze
+
+  def encodings_html
+    @encodings_html ||=
+      "<!DOCTYPE html><html><head></head><body>" +
+      ENCODINGS.map { |enc| %(<span id="#{enc[0]}">#{enc[1]}</span>) }.join +
+      "</body></html>"
+  end
+
+  def encodings_doc
+    @encodings_doc ||= Nokogiri::HTML5(encodings_html)
+  end
+
+  def round_trip_through(str, enc)
+    begin
+      encoding = Encoding.find(enc)
+    rescue ArgumentError
+      skip("#{enc} not supported")
+    end
+    begin
+      encoded = str.encode(encoding)
+    rescue Encoding::ConverterNotFoundError
+      skip("Converting UTF-8 to #{enc} not supported")
+    end
+    begin
+      decoded = encoded.encode("UTF-8")
+    rescue Encoding::ConverterNotFoundError
+      skip("Converting #{enc} to UTF-8 not supported")
+    end
+    assert_equal(str, decoded, "'#{str}' did not round trip through #{enc[0]}")
+    encoded
+  end
+
+  ENCODINGS.each do |enc|
+    define_method("test_parse_encoded_#{enc[0]}".to_sym) do
+      html = "<!DOCTYPE html><span>#{enc[1]}</span>"
+      encoded_html = round_trip_through(html, enc[0])
+      doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(encoded_html, encoding: enc[0])
+      span = doc.at("/html/body/span")
+      refute_nil span
+      assert_equal enc[1], span.content
+    end
+
+    define_method("test_inner_html_encoded_#{enc[0]}".to_sym) do
+      encoded = round_trip_through(enc[1], enc[0])
+      span = encodings_doc.at(%(/html/body/span[@id="#{enc[0]}"]))
+      refute_nil span
+      assert_equal encoded, span.inner_html(encoding: enc[0])
+    end
+
+    define_method("test_roundtrip_through_#{enc[0]}".to_sym) do
+      # https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/15033
+      # Ruby has a bug with the `:fallback` parameter passed to `#encode` when
+      # multiple conversions have to happen. I'm not sure it's worth working
+      # around. It impacts this test though.
+      skip "https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/15033" if enc[0] == "ISO-2022-JP"
+      round_trip_through(enc[1], enc[0])
+      encoded = encodings_doc.serialize(encoding: enc[0])
+      doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(encoded, encoding: enc[0])
+      assert_equal encodings_html, doc.serialize
+    end
+  end
+end if Nokogiri.uses_gumbo?
diff --git a/test/html5/test_monkey_patch.rb b/test/html5/test_monkey_patch.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0483cdf8cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/html5/test_monkey_patch.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# encoding: utf-8
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "helper"
+
+class TestHtml5SerializationMonkeyPatch < Nokogiri::TestCase
+  def test_to_xml
+    xml = Nokogiri.HTML5("<!DOCTYPE html><source>").to_xml
+    assert_match(/\A<\?xml version/, xml)
+    assert_match(%r{<source\s*/>}, xml)
+  end
+
+  def test_html4_fragment
+    frag = Nokogiri::HTML.fragment("<span></span>")
+    assert(frag.is_a?(Nokogiri::HTML::DocumentFragment))
+  end
+end if Nokogiri.uses_gumbo?
diff --git a/test/html5/test_nokogumbo.rb b/test/html5/test_nokogumbo.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5da3af7d13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/html5/test_nokogumbo.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
+# encoding: utf-8
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "helper"
+
+class TestHtml5Nokogumbo < Nokogiri::TestCase
+  def test_element_text
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(buffer)
+    assert_equal("content", doc.at("span").text)
+  end
+
+  def test_element_cdata_textarea
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(buffer)
+    assert_equal("foo<x>bar", doc.at("textarea").text.strip)
+  end
+
+  def test_element_cdata_script
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(buffer)
+    assert_predicate(doc.document, :html?)
+    assert_equal("<script> if (a < b) alert(1) </script>", doc.at("script").to_s)
+  end
+
+  def test_attr_value
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(buffer)
+    assert_equal("utf-8", doc.at("meta")["charset"])
+  end
+
+  def test_comment
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(buffer)
+    assert_equal(" test comment ", doc.xpath("//comment()").text)
+  end
+
+  def test_unknown_element
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(buffer)
+    assert_equal("main", doc.at("main").name)
+  end
+
+  def test_IO
+    require "stringio"
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(StringIO.new(buffer))
+    assert_equal("textarea", doc.at("form").element_children.first.name)
+  end
+
+  def test_nil
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(nil)
+    assert_equal(1, doc.search("body").count)
+
+    fragment = Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(nil)
+    assert_equal(0, fragment.errors.length)
+  end
+
+  def test_html5_doctype
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5.parse("<!DOCTYPE html><html></html>")
+    assert_match(/<!DOCTYPE html>/, doc.to_html)
+  end
+
+  def test_fragment_no_errors
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment("no missing DOCTYPE errors", max_errors: 10)
+    assert_equal(0, doc.errors.length)
+  end
+
+  # This should be deleted when `:max_parse_errors` is removed.
+  def test_fragment_max_parse_errors
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment("testing deprecated :max_parse_errors", max_parse_errors: 10)
+    assert_equal(0, doc.errors.length)
+  end
+
+  def test_fragment_head
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(buffer[%r{<head>(.*?)</head>}m, 1])
+    assert_equal("hello world", doc.xpath("title").text)
+    assert_equal("utf-8", doc.xpath("meta").first["charset"])
+  end
+
+  def test_fragment_body
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(buffer[%r{<body>(.*?)</body>}m, 1])
+    assert_equal("<span>content</span>", doc.xpath("main/span").to_xml)
+    assert_equal(" test comment ", doc.xpath("comment()").text)
+  end
+
+  def test_xlink_attribute
+    source = <<-EOF.gsub(/^ {6}/, "")
+      <!DOCTYPE html>
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
+        <a xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#s1"/>
+      </svg>
+    EOF
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5.parse(source)
+    a = doc.at_xpath("/html/body/svg:svg/svg:a")
+    refute_nil(a)
+    refute_nil(a["xlink:href"])
+    refute_nil(a["xmlns:xlink"])
+  end
+
+  def test_xlink_attribute_fragment
+    source = <<-EOF.gsub(/^ {6}/, "")
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
+        <a xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#s1"/>
+      </svg>
+    EOF
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(source)
+    a = doc.at_xpath("svg:svg/svg:a")
+    refute_nil(a)
+    refute_nil(a["xlink:href"])
+    refute_nil(a["xmlns:xlink"])
+  end
+
+  def test_template
+    source = <<-EOF.gsub(/^ {6}/, "")
+      <template id="productrow">
+        <tr>
+          <td class="record"></td>
+          <td></td>
+        </tr>
+      </template>
+    EOF
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(source)
+    template = doc.at("template")
+    assert_equal("productrow", template["id"])
+    assert_equal("record", template.at("td")["class"])
+  end
+
+  def test_root_comments
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5("<!DOCTYPE html><!-- start --><html></html><!-- -->")
+    assert_equal(["html", "comment", "html", "comment"], doc.children.map(&:name))
+  end
+
+  def test_max_attributes
+    html = '<div id="i" class="c" title="t"><img src="s" alt="a"></div>'
+
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError) { Nokogiri::HTML5(html, max_attributes: 2) }
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError) { Nokogiri::HTML5(html, max_attributes: 1) }
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError) { Nokogiri::HTML5(html, max_attributes: 0) }
+
+    # -1 disables limit
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(html, max_attributes: -1)
+    assert_equal({ "id" => "i", "class" => "c", "title" => "t" }, attributes(doc.at_css("div")))
+    assert_equal({ "src" => "s", "alt" => "a" }, attributes(doc.at_css("img")))
+  end
+
+  def test_max_attributes_boolean
+    html = '<label><input checked type="checkbox" disabled name="cheese"> Cheese</label>'
+
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5(html, max_attributes: 4)
+    assert_equal({ "checked" => "", "type" => "checkbox", "disabled" => "", "name" => "cheese" },
+      attributes(doc.at_css("input")))
+
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError) { Nokogiri::HTML5(html, max_attributes: 3) }
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError) { Nokogiri::HTML5(html, max_attributes: 2) }
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError) { Nokogiri::HTML5(html, max_attributes: 1) }
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError) { Nokogiri::HTML5(html, max_attributes: 0) }
+  end
+
+  def test_default_max_attributes
+    a = +"a"
+    attrs = 50_000.times.map do
+      x = a.dup
+      a.succ!
+      x
+    end
+
+    # <div> contains 50,000 attributes, but default limit is 400. Parsing this would take ages if
+    # we were not enforcing any limit on attributes. All attributes are duplicated to make sure
+    # this doesn’t alter performance or end result.
+    html = <<~EOF
+      <div #{attrs.map.with_index { |x, i| "data-#{x}=#{i} data-#{x}=#{i}" }.join(" ")}>
+        hello
+      </div>
+    EOF
+
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError) { Nokogiri::HTML5(html) }
+  end
+
+  def test_fragment_max_attributes
+    html = '<div id="i" class="c" title="t"><img src="s" alt="a"></div>'
+
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError) { Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(html, max_attributes: 2) }
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError) { Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(html, max_attributes: 1) }
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError) { Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(html, max_attributes: 0) }
+
+    # -1 disables limit
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(html, max_attributes: -1)
+    assert_equal({ "id" => "i", "class" => "c", "title" => "t" }, attributes(doc.at_css("div")))
+    assert_equal({ "src" => "s", "alt" => "a" }, attributes(doc.at_css("img")))
+  end
+
+  def test_fragment_default_max_attributes
+    a = +"a"
+    attrs = 50_000.times.map do
+      x = a.dup
+      a.succ!
+      x
+    end
+
+    # <div> contains 50,000 attributes, but default limit is 400. Parsing this would take ages if
+    # we were not enforcing any limit on attributes. All attributes are duplicated to make sure
+    # this doesn’t alter performance or end result.
+    html = <<~EOF
+      <div #{attrs.map.with_index { |x, i| "data-#{x}=#{i} data-#{x}=#{i}" }.join(" ")}>
+        hello
+      </div>
+    EOF
+
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError) { Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(html) }
+  end
+
+  def test_parse_errors
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5("<!DOCTYPE html><html><!-- <!-- --></a>", max_errors: 10)
+    assert_equal(2, doc.errors.length)
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5("<!DOCTYPE html><html>", max_errors: 10)
+    assert_empty(doc.errors)
+  end
+
+  def test_max_errors
+    # This document contains 2 parse errors, but we force limit to 1.
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5("<!DOCTYPE html><html><!-- -- --></a>", max_errors: 1)
+    assert_equal(1, doc.errors.length)
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5("<!DOCTYPE html><html>", max_errors: 1)
+    assert_empty(doc.errors)
+  end
+
+  def test_default_max_errors
+    # This document contains 200 parse errors, but default limit is 0.
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5("<!DOCTYPE html><html>" + "</p>" * 200)
+    assert_equal(0, doc.errors.length)
+  end
+
+  def test_parse_fragment_errors
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment("<\r\n", max_errors: 10)
+    refute_empty(doc.errors)
+  end
+
+  def test_fragment_max_errors
+    # This fragment contains 2 parse errors, but we force limit to 1.
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment("<!-- <!-- --></span>", max_errors: 1)
+    assert_equal(1, doc.errors.length)
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment("<!-- <!-- --></span>", max_errors: 10)
+    assert_equal(2, doc.errors.length)
+  end
+
+  def test_fragment_default_max_errors
+    # This fragment contains 200 parse errors, but default limit is 0.
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment("</p>" * 200)
+    assert_equal(0, Nokogiri::Gumbo::DEFAULT_MAX_ERRORS)
+    assert_equal(0, doc.errors.length)
+  end
+
+  def test_default_max_depth_parse
+    depth = Nokogiri::Gumbo::DEFAULT_MAX_TREE_DEPTH + 1
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+      Nokogiri::HTML5("<!DOCTYPE html><html><body>" + "<div>" * (depth - 2))
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_default_max_depth_fragment
+    depth = Nokogiri::Gumbo::DEFAULT_MAX_TREE_DEPTH + 1
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+      Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment("<div>" * depth)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_max_depth_parse
+    depth = 10
+    html = "<!DOCTYPE html><html><body>" + "<div>" * (depth - 2)
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+      Nokogiri::HTML5(html, max_tree_depth: depth - 1)
+    end
+
+    assert(Nokogiri::HTML5(html, max_tree_depth: depth))
+  end
+
+  def test_max_depth_fragment
+    depth = 10
+    html = "<div>" * depth
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+      Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(html, max_tree_depth: depth - 1)
+    end
+
+    assert(Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(html, max_tree_depth: depth))
+  end
+
+  def test_document_encoding
+    html = <<-TEXT
+      <html>
+        <head>
+          <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
+        </head>
+        <body>
+          Кирилические символы
+        </body>
+      </html>
+    TEXT
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5.parse(html)
+    assert_equal("UTF-8", doc.encoding)
+    assert_equal("Кирилические символы", doc.at("body").text.gsub(/\n\s+/, ""))
+  end
+
+  def test_line_text
+    doc = Nokogiri.HTML5("<!DOCTYPE html>\ntext node")
+    assert_equal(2, doc.at_xpath("/html/body/text()").line)
+  end
+
+  def test_line_comment
+    doc = Nokogiri.HTML5("<!DOCTYPE html>\n\n<!-- comment -->")
+    assert_equal(3, doc.at_xpath("/comment()").line)
+  end
+
+  def test_line_element
+    doc = Nokogiri.HTML5("<!DOCTYPE html>\n<p>")
+    assert_equal(2, doc.at_xpath("/html/body/p").line)
+  end
+
+  def test_line_template
+    doc = Nokogiri.HTML5("<!DOCTYPE html>\n\n<template></template>")
+    assert_equal(3, doc.at_xpath("/html/head/template").line)
+  end
+
+  def test_line_cdata
+    html = "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<svg>\n<script><![CDATA[ ]]></script></svg>"
+    doc = Nokogiri.HTML5(html)
+    node = doc.at_xpath("/html/body/svg:svg/svg:script/text()")
+    assert_predicate(node, :cdata?)
+    assert_equal(3, node.line)
+  end
+
+  it "handles ill-formed processing instructions in a document" do
+    html = %{<html><body><!--><?a/}
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.parse(html)
+    expected = [Nokogiri::XML::Node::COMMENT_NODE, Nokogiri::XML::Node::COMMENT_NODE]
+    assert_equal(expected, doc.at_css("body").children.map(&:type))
+  end
+
+  it "handles ill-formed processing instructions in a fragment" do
+    html = %{<div><!--><?a/}
+    frag = Nokogiri::HTML5::DocumentFragment.parse(html)
+    expected = [Nokogiri::XML::Node::COMMENT_NODE, Nokogiri::XML::Node::COMMENT_NODE]
+    assert_equal(expected, frag.at_css("div").children.map(&:type))
+  end
+
+  private
+
+  def buffer
+    <<-EOF.gsub(/^      /, "")
+      <html>
+        <head>
+          <meta charset="utf-8"/>
+          <title>hello world</title>
+          <script> if (a < b) alert(1) </script>
+        </head>
+        <body>
+          <h1>hello world</h1>
+          <main>
+            <span>content</span>
+          </main>
+          <!-- test comment -->
+          <form>
+            <textarea>foo<x>bar</textarea>
+          </form>
+        </body>
+      </html>
+    EOF
+  end
+
+  def attributes(element)
+    element.attributes.to_h { |name, attribute| [name, attribute.value] }
+  end
+end if Nokogiri.uses_gumbo?
diff --git a/test/html5/test_null.rb b/test/html5/test_null.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a2d814529d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/html5/test_null.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+# encoding: utf-8
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "helper"
+
+class TestHtml5Null < Nokogiri::TestCase
+  def fragment(s)
+    Nokogiri::HTML5.fragment(s, max_errors: 10)
+  end
+
+  def test_null_char_ref
+    frag = fragment("&#0;")
+    assert_equal(1, frag.errors.length)
+  end
+
+  def test_data_state
+    frag = fragment("\u0000")
+    # 12.2.5.1 Data state: unexpected-null-character parse error
+    # 12.2.6.4.7 The "in body" insertion mode: Parse error
+    assert_equal(2, frag.errors.length)
+  end
+
+  def test_data_rcdata_state
+    # 12.2.6.4.7 The "in body" insertion mode: textarea swiches to RCDATA
+    # state
+    frag = fragment("<textarea>\u0000</textarea>")
+    # 12.2.5.2 RCDATA state: unexpected-null-character parse error
+    assert_equal(1, frag.errors.length)
+  end
+
+  def test_data_scriptdata_state
+    # 12.2.6.4.7 The "in body" insertion mode: Process "script" using rules
+    # for "in head" insertion mode
+    # 12.2.6.4.4 The "in head" insertion mode: "script" switches to script
+    # data state
+    frag = fragment("<script>\u0000</script>")
+    # 12.2.5.4 Script data state: unexpected-null-character parse error
+    assert_equal(1, frag.errors.length)
+  end
+
+  def test_data_plaintext_state
+    frag = fragment("<plaintext>\u0000</plaintext>")
+    # 12.2.5.5 PLAINTEXT state: unexpected-null-character parse error
+    # EOF parse error because there's no way to switch out of plaintext!
+    assert_equal(2, frag.errors.length)
+  end
+
+  def test_data_tag_name_state
+    frag = fragment("<x\u0000></x\ufffd>")
+    # 12.2.5.8 Tag name state: unexpected-null-character parse error
+    assert_equal(1, frag.errors.length)
+  end
+
+  # XXX: There are 6 script states to test.
+
+  def test_attribute_name_state
+    frag = fragment("<p \u0000>")
+    # 12.2.5.33 Attribute name state
+    assert_equal(1, frag.errors.length)
+  end
+
+  def test_attribute_value_states
+    frag = fragment("<p x=\"\u0000\"><p x='\u0000'><p x=\u0000>")
+    # 12.2.5.36 Attribute value (double-quoted) state
+    # 12.2.5.37 Attribute value (single-quoted) state
+    # 12.2.5.38 Attribute value (unquoted) state
+    assert_equal(3, frag.errors.length)
+  end
+
+  def test_bogus_comment_state
+    frag = fragment("<!\u0000>")
+    # 12.2.5.42 Markup declaration open state: incorrectly-opened-comment
+    # parse error
+    # 12.2.5.41 Bogus comment state: unexpected-null-character parse error
+    assert_equal(2, frag.errors.length)
+  end
+
+  def test_comment_state
+    frag = fragment("<!-- \u0000 -->")
+    # 12.2.5.45 Comment state: unexpected-null-character parse error
+    assert_equal(1, frag.errors.length)
+  end
+
+  def test_doctype_name_states
+    # There are two missing here for double quoted PUBLIC and SYSTEM values.
+    doc = Nokogiri::HTML5.parse("<!DOCTYPE \u0000\u0000 PUBLIC '\u0000' '\u0000' \u0000>",
+      max_errors: 10)
+    # 12.2.5.54 Before DOCTYPE name state: unexpected-null-character parse
+    # error
+    # 12.2.5.55 DOCTYPE name state: unexpected-null-character parse error
+    # 12.2.5.60 DOCTYPE public identifier (single-quoted) state:
+    # unexpected-null-character parse error
+    # 12.2.5.66 DOCTYPE system identifier (single-quoted) state:
+    # unexpected-null-character parse error
+    # 12.2.5.67 After DOCTYPE system identifier state:
+    # unexpected-character-after-doctype-system-identifier parse error
+    # 12.2.5.68 Bogus DOCTYPE state: unexpected-null-character parse error
+    # 12.2.6.4.1 The "initial" insertion mode: parse error
+    assert_equal(7, doc.errors.length)
+  end
+
+  def test_cdata_section_state
+    frag = fragment("<script>//<![CDATA[\n\u0000\n//]]></script>")
+    # 12.2.6.5 The rules for parsing tokens in foreign content: parse error
+    assert_equal(1, frag.errors.length)
+  end
+
+  def test_error_api_with_null
+    frag = fragment("<p \u0000>")
+    assert_predicate(frag.errors, :any?)
+    assert_includes(frag.errors[0].to_s, "<p \u0000>")
+  end
+end if Nokogiri.uses_gumbo?
diff --git a/test/html5/test_serialize.rb b/test/html5/test_serialize.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6f2b21952a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/html5/test_serialize.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,507 @@
+# encoding: utf-8
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "helper"
+
+class TestHtml5Serialize < Nokogiri::TestCase
+  # https://github.com/web-platform-tests/wpt/blob/master/html/syntax/serializing-html-fragments/initial-linefeed-pre.html
+  def initial_linefeed_pre
+    @initial_linefeed_pre ||= begin
+      html = <<~EOF.gsub(/^        /, "").freeze
+        <!DOCTYPE html>
+        <div id="outer">
+        <div id="inner">
+        <pre id="pre1">
+        x</pre>
+        <pre id="pre2">
+
+        x</pre>
+        <textarea id="textarea1">
+        x</textarea>
+        <textarea id="textarea2">
+
+        x</textarea>
+        <listing id="listing1">
+        x</listing>
+        <listing id="listing2">
+
+        x</listing>
+        </div>
+        </div>
+      EOF
+      Nokogiri::HTML5(html)
+    end
+    @initial_linefeed_pre
+  end
+
+  def test_initial_linefeed_pre_outer
+    expected = %{\n<div id="inner">\n<pre id="pre1">x</pre>\n<pre id="pre2">\nx</pre>\n<textarea id="textarea1">x</textarea>\n<textarea id="textarea2">\nx</textarea>\n<listing id="listing1">x</listing>\n<listing id="listing2">\nx</listing>\n</div>\n}
+    outer = initial_linefeed_pre.xpath('//div[@id="outer"]')[0]
+    refute_nil(outer)
+    assert_equal(expected, outer.inner_html)
+  end
+
+  def test_initial_linefeed_pre_inner
+    expected = %{\n<pre id="pre1">x</pre>\n<pre id="pre2">\nx</pre>\n<textarea id="textarea1">x</textarea>\n<textarea id="textarea2">\nx</textarea>\n<listing id="listing1">x</listing>\n<listing id="listing2">\nx</listing>\n}
+    inner = initial_linefeed_pre.at('//div[@id="inner"]')
+    refute_nil(inner)
+    assert_equal(expected, inner.inner_html)
+  end
+
+  ["pre", "textarea", "listing"].each do |tag|
+    define_method("test_initial_linefeed_#{tag}1".to_sym) do
+      elem = initial_linefeed_pre.at("//*[@id=\"#{tag}1\"]")
+      refute_nil elem
+      assert_equal "x", elem.inner_html
+    end
+
+    define_method("test_initial_linefeed_#{tag}2".to_sym) do
+      elem = initial_linefeed_pre.at("//*[@id=\"#{tag}2\"]")
+      refute_nil elem
+      assert_equal "\nx", elem.inner_html
+    end
+  end
+
+  # https://github.com/web-platform-tests/wpt/blob/master/html/syntax/serializing-html-fragments/outerHTML.html
+  ELEMENTS_WITH_END_TAG = [
+    "a",
+    "abbr",
+    "address",
+    "article",
+    "aside",
+    "audio",
+    "b",
+    "bdi",
+    "bdo",
+    "blockquote",
+    "body",
+    "button",
+    "canvas",
+    "caption",
+    "cite",
+    "code",
+    "colgroup",
+    "command",
+    "datalist",
+    "dd",
+    "del",
+    "details",
+    "dfn",
+    "dialog",
+    "div",
+    "dl",
+    "dt",
+    "em",
+    "fieldset",
+    "figcaption",
+    "figure",
+    "footer",
+    "form",
+    "h1",
+    "h2",
+    "h3",
+    "h4",
+    "h5",
+    "h6",
+    "head",
+    "header",
+    "hgroup",
+    "html",
+    "i",
+    "iframe",
+    "ins",
+    "kbd",
+    "label",
+    "legend",
+    "li",
+    "map",
+    "mark",
+    "menu",
+    "meter",
+    "nav",
+    "noscript",
+    "object",
+    "ol",
+    "optgroup",
+    "option",
+    "output",
+    "p",
+    "pre",
+    "progress",
+    "q",
+    "rp",
+    "rt",
+    "ruby",
+    "s",
+    "samp",
+    "script",
+    "section",
+    "select",
+    "small",
+    "span",
+    "strong",
+    "style",
+    "sub",
+    "summary",
+    "sup",
+    "table",
+    "tbody",
+    "td",
+    "textarea",
+    "tfoot",
+    "th",
+    "thead",
+    "time",
+    "title",
+    "tr",
+    "u",
+    "ul",
+    "var",
+    "video",
+    "data",
+  ].freeze
+
+  ELEMENTS_WITHOUT_END_TAG = [
+    "area",
+    "base",
+    "br",
+    "col",
+    "embed",
+    "hr",
+    "img",
+    "input",
+    "keygen",
+    "link",
+    "meta",
+    "param",
+    "source",
+    "track",
+    "wbr",
+  ]
+
+  ELEMENTS_WITH_END_TAG.each do |tag|
+    define_method("test_outer_html_#{tag}".to_sym) do
+      doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.new
+      child = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new(tag, doc)
+      assert_equal "<#{tag}></#{tag}>", child.serialize(save_with: 0)
+    end
+  end
+
+  ELEMENTS_WITHOUT_END_TAG.each do |tag|
+    define_method("test_outer_html_#{tag}".to_sym) do
+      doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.new
+      child = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new(tag, doc)
+      assert_equal "<#{tag}>", child.serialize(save_with: 0)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # https://github.com/web-platform-tests/wpt/blob/master/html/syntax/serializing-html-fragments/serializing.html
+  def serializing_test_data
+    @serializing_test_data ||= begin
+      html = <<~EOF.gsub(/        /, "")
+        <!DOCTYPE html>
+        <div id="test" style="display:none">
+        <span></span>
+        <span><a></a></span>
+        <span><a b=c></a></span>
+        <span><a b='c'></a></span>
+        <span><a b='&'></a></span>
+        <span><a b='&nbsp;'></a></span>
+        <span><a b='"'></a></span>
+        <span><a b="<"></a></span>
+        <span><a b=">"></a></span>
+        <span><svg xlink:href="a"></svg></span>
+        <span><svg xmlns:svg="test"></svg></span>
+        <span>a</span>
+        <span>&amp;</span>
+        <span>&nbsp;</span>
+        <span>&lt;</span>
+        <span>&gt;</span>
+        <span>&quot;</span>
+        <span><style><&></style></span>
+        <span><script type="test"><&></script></span>
+        <script type="test"><&></script>
+        <span><xmp><&></xmp></span>
+        <span><iframe><&></iframe></span>
+        <span><noembed><&></noembed></span>
+        <span><noframes><&></noframes></span>
+        <span><noscript><&></noscript></span>
+        <span><!--data--></span>
+        <span><a><b><c></c></b><d>e</d><f><g>h</g></f></a></span>
+        <span b=c></span>
+        </div>
+      EOF
+      Nokogiri::HTML5(html).xpath("/html/body/div/*")
+    end
+    @serializing_test_data
+  end
+
+  EXPECTED = [
+    ["", "<span></span>"],
+    ["<a></a>", "<span><a></a></span>"],
+    ["<a b=\"c\"></a>", "<span><a b=\"c\"></a></span>"],
+    ["<a b=\"c\"></a>", "<span><a b=\"c\"></a></span>"],
+    ["<a b=\"&amp;\"></a>", "<span><a b=\"&amp;\"></a></span>"],
+    ["<a b=\"&nbsp;\"></a>", "<span><a b=\"&nbsp;\"></a></span>"],
+    ["<a b=\"&quot;\"></a>", "<span><a b=\"&quot;\"></a></span>"],
+    ["<a b=\"<\"></a>", "<span><a b=\"<\"></a></span>"],
+    ["<a b=\">\"></a>", "<span><a b=\">\"></a></span>"],
+    ["<svg xlink:href=\"a\"></svg>", "<span><svg xlink:href=\"a\"></svg></span>"],
+    ["<svg xmlns:svg=\"test\"></svg>", "<span><svg xmlns:svg=\"test\"></svg></span>"],
+    ["a", "<span>a</span>"],
+    ["&amp;", "<span>&amp;</span>"],
+    ["&nbsp;", "<span>&nbsp;</span>"],
+    ["&lt;", "<span>&lt;</span>"],
+    ["&gt;", "<span>&gt;</span>"],
+    ["\"", "<span>\"</span>"],
+    ["<style><&></style>", "<span><style><&></style></span>"],
+    ["<script type=\"test\"><&><\/script>", "<span><script type=\"test\"><&><\/script></span>"],
+    ["<&>", "<script type=\"test\"><&><\/script>"],
+    ["<xmp><&></xmp>", "<span><xmp><&></xmp></span>"],
+    ["<iframe><&></iframe>", "<span><iframe><&></iframe></span>"],
+    ["<noembed><&></noembed>", "<span><noembed><&></noembed></span>"],
+    ["<noframes><&></noframes>", "<span><noframes><&></noframes></span>"],
+    ["<noscript><&></noscript>", "<span><noscript><&></noscript></span>"],
+    ["<!--data-->", "<span><!--data--></span>"],
+    ["<a><b><c></c></b><d>e</d><f><g>h</g></f></a>", "<span><a><b><c></c></b><d>e</d><f><g>h</g></f></a></span>"],
+    ["", "<span b=\"c\"></span>"],
+  ].freeze
+
+  DOM_TESTS = [
+    ["Attribute in the XML namespace",
+     lambda do
+       doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.new
+       span = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("span", doc)
+       svg = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("svg", doc)
+       span.add_child(svg)
+       svg.add_namespace("xml", "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace")
+       svg["xml:foo"] = "test"
+       span
+     end,
+     '<svg xml:foo="test"></svg>',
+     '<span><svg xml:foo="test"></svg></span>',],
+
+    ["Attribute in the XML namespace with the prefix not set to xml:",
+     lambda do
+       doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.new
+       span = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("span", doc)
+       svg = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("svg", doc)
+       span.add_child(svg)
+       svg["abc:foo"] = "test"
+       ns = svg.add_namespace("xml", "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace")
+       svg.attribute("abc:foo").namespace = ns
+       span
+     end,
+     '<svg xml:foo="test"></svg>',
+     '<span><svg xml:foo="test"></svg></span>',],
+
+    ["Non-'xmlns' attribute in the xmlns namespace",
+     lambda do
+       doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.new
+       span = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("span", doc)
+       svg = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("svg", doc)
+       span.add_child(svg)
+       svg.add_namespace("xmlns", "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/")
+       svg["xmlns:foo"] = "test"
+       span
+     end,
+     '<svg xmlns:foo="test"></svg>',
+     '<span><svg xmlns:foo="test"></svg></span>',],
+
+    ["'xmlns' attribute in the xmlns namespace",
+     lambda do
+       doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.new
+       span = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("span", doc)
+       svg = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("svg", doc)
+       span.add_child(svg)
+       svg.add_namespace("xmlns", "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/")
+       svg["xmlns"] = "test"
+       span
+     end,
+     '<svg xmlns="test"></svg>',
+     '<span><svg xmlns="test"></svg></span>',],
+
+    ["Attribute in non-standard namespace",
+     lambda do
+       doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.new
+       span = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("span", doc)
+       svg = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("svg", doc)
+       span.add_child(svg)
+       svg.add_namespace("abc", "fake_ns")
+       svg["abc:def"] = "test"
+       span
+     end,
+     '<svg abc:def="test"></svg>',
+     '<span><svg abc:def="test"></svg></span>',],
+
+    ["<span> starting with U+000A",
+     lambda do
+       doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.new
+       span = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("span", doc)
+       text = Nokogiri::XML::Text.new("\x0A", doc)
+       span.add_child(text)
+       span
+     end,
+     "\x0A",
+     "<span>\x0A</span>",],
+    # TODO: Processing instructions
+  ]
+
+  TEXT_ELEMENTS = ["pre", "textarea", "listing"]
+  TEXT_TESTS = [
+    ["<%text> context starting with U+000A",
+     lambda do |tag|
+       doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.new
+       elem = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new(tag, doc)
+       text = Nokogiri::XML::Text.new("\x0A", doc)
+       elem.add_child(text)
+       elem
+     end,
+     "\x0A",
+     "<%text>\x0A</%text>",],
+
+    ["<%text> context not starting with U+000A",
+     lambda do |tag|
+       doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.new
+       elem = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new(tag, doc)
+       text = Nokogiri::XML::Text.new("a\x0A", doc)
+       elem.add_child(text)
+       elem
+     end,
+     "a\x0A",
+     "<%text>a\x0A</%text>",],
+
+    ["<%text> non-context starting with U+000A",
+     lambda do |tag|
+       doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.new
+       elem = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new(tag, doc)
+       span = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("span", doc)
+       text = Nokogiri::XML::Text.new("\x0A", doc)
+       elem.add_child(text)
+       span.add_child(elem)
+       span
+     end,
+     "<%text>\x0A</%text>",
+     "<span><%text>\x0A</%text></span>",],
+
+    ["<%text> non-context not starting with U+000A",
+     lambda do |tag|
+       doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.new
+       elem = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new(tag, doc)
+       span = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("span", doc)
+       text = Nokogiri::XML::Text.new("a\x0A", doc)
+       elem.add_child(text)
+       span.add_child(elem)
+       span
+     end,
+     "<%text>a\x0A</%text>",
+     "<span><%text>a\x0A</%text></span>",],
+  ]
+
+  VOID_ELEMENTS = [
+    "area", "base", "basefont", "bgsound", "br", "col", "embed",
+    "frame", "hr", "img", "input", "keygen", "link",
+    "meta", "param", "source", "track", "wbr",
+  ]
+  VOID_TESTS = [
+    ["Void context node",
+     lambda do |tag|
+       doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.new
+       Nokogiri::XML::Element.new(tag, doc)
+     end,
+     "",
+     "<%void>",],
+
+    ["void as first child with following siblings",
+     lambda do |tag|
+       doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.new
+       span = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("span", doc)
+       span.add_child(Nokogiri::XML::Element.new(tag, doc))
+       span.add_child(Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("a", doc))
+         .add_child(Nokogiri::XML::Text.new("test", doc))
+       span.add_child(Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("b", doc))
+       span
+     end,
+     "<%void><a>test</a><b></b>",
+     "<span><%void><a>test</a><b></b></span>",],
+
+    ["void as second child with following siblings",
+     lambda do |tag|
+       doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.new
+       span = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("span", doc)
+       span.add_child(Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("a", doc))
+         .add_child(Nokogiri::XML::Text.new("test", doc))
+       span.add_child(Nokogiri::XML::Element.new(tag, doc))
+       span.add_child(Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("b", doc))
+       span
+     end,
+     "<a>test</a><%void><b></b>",
+     "<span><a>test</a><%void><b></b></span>",],
+    ["void as last child with preceding siblings",
+     lambda do |tag|
+       doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.new
+       span = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("span", doc)
+       span.add_child(Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("a", doc))
+         .add_child(Nokogiri::XML::Text.new("test", doc))
+       span.add_child(Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("b", doc))
+       span.add_child(Nokogiri::XML::Element.new(tag, doc))
+       span
+     end,
+     "<a>test</a><b></b><%void>",
+     "<span><a>test</a><b></b><%void></span>",],
+  ]
+
+  # Generate tests
+  def self.cross_map(a1, a2)
+    rv = []
+    a1.each do |a1_elem|
+      a2.each do |a2_elem|
+        rv << yield(a1_elem, a2_elem)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  EXPECTED.each_with_index do |item, i|
+    define_method("test_serializing_html_innerHTML_#{i}".to_sym) do
+      assert_equal item[0], serializing_test_data[i].inner_html
+    end
+
+    define_method("test_serializing_html_outerHTML_#{i}".to_sym) do
+      assert_equal item[1], serializing_test_data[i].serialize
+    end
+  end
+
+  DOM_TESTS.each do |test|
+    define_method("test_serializing_dom_innerHTML_#{test[0]}".to_sym) do
+      elem = test[1].call
+      refute_nil elem
+      assert_equal test[2], elem.inner_html
+    end
+
+    define_method("test_serializing_dom_outerHTML_#{test[0]}".to_sym) do
+      elem = test[1].call
+      refute_nil elem
+      assert_equal test[3], elem.serialize
+    end
+  end
+
+  cross_map(TEXT_TESTS, TEXT_ELEMENTS) do |test_data, tag|
+    define_method("test_serializing_text_innerHTML_#{test_data[0].gsub("%text", tag)}".to_sym) do
+      assert_equal test_data[2].gsub("%text", tag), test_data[1].call(tag).inner_html
+    end
+
+    define_method("test_serialization_text_outerHTML_#{test_data[0].gsub("%text", tag)}".to_sym) do
+      assert_equal test_data[3].gsub("%text", tag), test_data[1].call(tag).serialize
+    end
+  end
+
+  cross_map(VOID_TESTS, VOID_ELEMENTS) do |test_data, tag|
+    define_method("test_serializing_void_innerHTML_#{test_data[0]}_#{tag}".to_sym) do
+      assert_equal test_data[2].gsub("%void", tag), test_data[1].call(tag).inner_html
+    end
+
+    define_method("test_serialization_void_outerHTML_#{test_data[0]}_#{tag}".to_sym) do
+      assert_equal test_data[3].gsub("%void", tag), test_data[1].call(tag).serialize
+    end
+  end
+end if Nokogiri.uses_gumbo?
diff --git a/test/html5/test_tree-construction.rb b/test/html5/test_tree-construction.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1b52f93ea9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/html5/test_tree-construction.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+# encoding: utf-8
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "English"
+require "helper"
+
+if Nokogiri.uses_gumbo?
+  def parse_test(test_data)
+    test = { script: :both }
+    index = /(?:^#errors\n|\n#errors\n)/ =~ test_data
+    abort("Expected #errors in\n#{test_data}") if index.nil?
+    skip_amount = $LAST_MATCH_INFO[0].length
+    # Omit the final new line
+    test[:data] = test_data[0...index]
+
+    # Process the rest line by line
+    lines = test_data[index + skip_amount..-1].split("\n")
+    index = lines.find_index do |line|
+      line == "#document-fragment" ||
+        line == "#document" ||
+        line == "#script-off" ||
+        line == "#script-on" ||
+        line == "#new-errors"
+    end
+    abort("Expected #document") if index.nil?
+    test[:errors] = lines[0...index]
+    test[:new_errors] = []
+    if lines[index] == "#new-errors"
+      index += 1
+      until ["#document-fragment", "#document", "#script-off", "#script-on"].include?(lines[index])
+        test[:new_errors] << lines[index]
+        index += 1
+      end
+    end
+
+    if lines[index] == "#document-fragment"
+      test[:context] = lines[index + 1].chomp.split(" ", 2)
+      index += 2
+    end
+    abort("failed to find fragment: #{index}: #{lines[index]}") if test_data.include?("#document-fragment") && test[:context].nil?
+
+    if lines[index] =~ /#script-(on|off)/
+      test[:script] = $LAST_MATCH_INFO[1].to_sym
+      index += 1
+    end
+
+    abort("Expected #document, got #{lines[index]}") unless lines[index] == "#document"
+    index += 1
+
+    document = {
+      type: test[:context] ? :fragment : :document,
+      children: [],
+    }
+    open_nodes = [document]
+    while index < lines.length
+      abort("Expected '| ' but got #{lines[index]}") unless /^\| ( *)([^ ].*$)/ =~ lines[index]
+      depth = $LAST_MATCH_INFO[1].length
+      if depth.odd?
+        abort("Invalid nesting depth")
+      else
+        depth /= 2
+      end
+      abort("Too deep") if depth >= open_nodes.length
+
+      node = {}
+      node_text = $LAST_MATCH_INFO[2]
+      if node_text[0] == '"'
+        if node_text == '"' || node_text[-1] != '"'
+          loop do
+            index += 1
+            node_text << "\n" + lines[index]
+            break if node_text[-1] == '"'
+          end
+        end
+        node[:type] = :text
+        node[:contents] = node_text[1..-2]
+      elsif /^<!DOCTYPE ([^ >]*)(?: "([^"]*)" "(.*)")?>$/ =~ node_text
+        node[:type] = :doctype
+        node[:name] = $LAST_MATCH_INFO[1]
+        node[:public_id] = $LAST_MATCH_INFO[2].nil? || $LAST_MATCH_INFO[2].empty? ? nil : $LAST_MATCH_INFO[2]
+        node[:system_id] = $LAST_MATCH_INFO[3].nil? || $LAST_MATCH_INFO[3].empty? ? nil : $LAST_MATCH_INFO[3]
+      elsif node_text.start_with?("<!-- ")
+        loop do
+          break if lines[index].end_with?(" -->")
+
+          index += 1
+          node_text << "\n" + lines[index]
+        end
+        node[:type] = :comment
+        node[:contents] = node_text[5..-5]
+      elsif /^<(svg |math )?(.+)>$/ =~ node_text
+        node[:type] = :element
+        node[:ns] = $LAST_MATCH_INFO[1].nil? ? nil : $LAST_MATCH_INFO[1].rstrip
+        node[:tag] = $LAST_MATCH_INFO[2]
+        node[:attributes] = []
+        node[:children] = []
+      elsif /^([^ ]+ )?([^=]+)="(.*)"$/ =~ node_text
+        node[:type] = :attribute
+        node[:ns] = $LAST_MATCH_INFO[1].nil? ? nil : $LAST_MATCH_INFO[1].rstrip
+        node[:name] = $LAST_MATCH_INFO[2]
+        node[:value] = $LAST_MATCH_INFO[3]
+      elsif node_text == "content"
+        node[:type] = :template
+      else
+        abort("Unexpected node_text: #{node_text}")
+      end
+
+      if node[:type] == :attribute
+        abort("depth #{depth} != #{open_nodes.length}") unless depth == open_nodes.length - 1
+        abort("type :#{open_nodes[-1][:type]} != :element") unless open_nodes[-1][:type] == :element
+        abort("element has children") unless open_nodes[-1][:children].empty?
+        open_nodes[-1][:attributes] << node
+      elsif node[:type] == :template
+        abort("depth #{depth} != #{open_nodes.length}") unless depth == open_nodes.length - 1
+        abort("type :#{open_nodes[-1][:type]} != :element") unless open_nodes[-1][:type] == :element
+        abort("tag :#{open_nodes[-1][:tag]} != template") unless open_nodes[-1][:tag] == "template"
+        abort("template has children before the 'content'") unless open_nodes[-1][:children].empty?
+        # Hack. We want the children of this template node to be reparented as
+        # children of the template element.
+        # XXX: Template contents are _not_ supposed to be children of the
+        # template, but we currently mishandle this.
+        open_nodes << open_nodes[-1]
+      else
+        open_nodes[depth][:children] << node
+        open_nodes[depth + 1..-1] = []
+        if node[:type] == :element
+          open_nodes << node
+        end
+      end
+      index += 1
+    end
+    test[:document] = document
+    test
+  end
+
+  class TestHtml5TreeConstructionBase < Nokogiri::TestCase
+    def assert_equal_or_nil(exp, act)
+      if exp.nil?
+        assert_nil(act)
+      else
+        assert_equal(exp, act)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def compare_nodes(node, ng_node)
+      case ng_node.type
+      when Nokogiri::XML::Node::ELEMENT_NODE
+        assert_equal(:element, node[:type])
+        if node[:ns]
+          refute_nil(ng_node.namespace)
+          assert_equal(node[:ns], ng_node.namespace.prefix)
+        end
+        assert_equal(node[:tag], ng_node.name)
+        attributes = ng_node.attributes
+        assert_equal(node[:attributes].length, attributes.length)
+        node[:attributes].each do |attr|
+          value = if attr[:ns]
+            ng_node["#{attr[:ns]}:#{attr[:name]}"]
+          else
+            attributes[attr[:name]].value
+          end
+          assert_equal(attr[:value], value)
+        end
+        assert_equal(node[:children].length, ng_node.children.length,
+          "Element <#{node[:tag]}> has wrong number of children #{ng_node.children.map(&:name)} in #{@test[:data]}")
+      when Nokogiri::XML::Node::TEXT_NODE, Nokogiri::XML::Node::CDATA_SECTION_NODE
+        # We preserve the CDATA in the tree, but the tests represent it as text.
+        assert_equal(:text, node[:type])
+        assert_equal(node[:contents], ng_node.content)
+      when Nokogiri::XML::Node::COMMENT_NODE
+        assert_equal(:comment, node[:type])
+        assert_equal(node[:contents], ng_node.content)
+      when Nokogiri::XML::Node::HTML_DOCUMENT_NODE
+        assert_equal(:document, node[:type])
+        assert_equal(node[:children].length, ng_node.children.length)
+      when Nokogiri::XML::Node::DOCUMENT_FRAG_NODE
+        assert_equal(:fragment, node[:type])
+        assert_equal(node[:children].length, ng_node.children.length,
+          "Fragment node has wrong number of children #{ng_node.children.map(&:name)} in #{@test[:data]}")
+      when Nokogiri::XML::Node::DTD_NODE
+        assert_equal(:doctype, node[:type])
+        assert_equal(node[:name], ng_node.name)
+        assert_equal_or_nil(node[:public_id], ng_node.external_id)
+        assert_equal_or_nil(node[:system_id], ng_node.system_id)
+      else
+        flunk("Unknown node type #{ng_node.type} (expected #{node[:type]})")
+      end
+    end
+
+    def run_test
+      if @test[:context]
+        ctx = @test[:context].join(":")
+        doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.new
+        doc = Nokogiri::HTML5::DocumentFragment.new(doc, @test[:data], ctx, max_errors: @test[:errors].length + 10)
+      else
+        doc = Nokogiri::HTML5.parse(@test[:data], max_errors: @test[:errors].length + 10)
+      end
+      # Walk the tree.
+      exp_nodes = [@test[:document]]
+      act_nodes = [doc]
+      children = [0]
+      compare_nodes(exp_nodes[0], doc)
+      while children.any?
+        child_index = children[-1]
+        exp = exp_nodes[-1]
+        act = act_nodes[-1]
+        if child_index == exp[:children].length
+          exp_nodes.pop
+          act_nodes.pop
+          children.pop
+          next
+        end
+        exp_child = exp[:children][child_index]
+        act_child = act.children[child_index]
+        compare_nodes(exp_child, act_child)
+        children[-1] = child_index + 1
+        next unless exp_child.key?(:children)
+
+        exp_nodes << exp_child
+        act_nodes << act_child
+        children << 0
+      end
+
+      # Test the errors.
+      assert_equal(@test[:errors].length, doc.errors.length, "Wrong number of errors for #{@test[:data]}")
+
+      # The new, standardized tokenizer errors live in @test[:new_errors]. Let's
+      # match each one to exactly one error in doc.errors. Unfortunately, the
+      # tests specify the column the error is detected, _not_ the column of the
+      # start of the problematic HTML (e.g., the start of a character reference
+      # or <![CDATA[) the way gumbo does. So check that Gumbo's column is no
+      # later than the error's column.
+      errors = doc.errors.map { |err| { line: err.line, column: err.column, code: err.str1 } }
+      errors.reject! { |err| err[:code] == "generic-parser" }
+      error_regex = /^\((?<line>\d+):(?<column>\d+)(?:-\d+:\d+)?\) (?<code>.*)$/
+      @test[:new_errors].each do |err|
+        assert_match(error_regex, err, "New error format does not match: #{mu_pp(err)}")
+        m = err.match(error_regex)
+        line = m[:line].to_i
+        column = m[:column].to_i
+        code = m[:code]
+        idx = errors.index do |e|
+          e[:line] == line &&
+            e[:code] == code &&
+            e[:column] <= column
+        end
+        # This error should be the first error in the list.
+        # refute_nil(idx, "Expected to find error #{code} at #{line}:#{column}")
+        assert_equal(0, idx, "Expected to find error #{code} at #{line}:#{column} in #{@test[:data]}")
+        errors.delete_at(idx)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  tc_path = File.expand_path("../../html5lib-tests/tree-construction", __FILE__)
+  Dir[File.join(tc_path, "*.dat")].each do |path|
+    test_name = "TestHtml5TreeConstruction" + File.basename(path, ".dat")
+      .split(/[_-]/)
+      .map(&:capitalize)
+      .join("")
+    tests = []
+    File.open(path, "r", encoding: "UTF-8") do |f|
+      f.each("\n\n#data\n") do |test_data|
+        if test_data.start_with?("#data\n")
+          test_data = test_data[6..-1]
+        end
+        if test_data.end_with?("\n\n#data\n")
+          test_data = test_data[0..-9]
+        end
+        tests << parse_test(test_data)
+      end
+    end
+
+    klass = Class.new(TestHtml5TreeConstructionBase) do
+      tests.each_with_index do |test, index|
+        next if test[:script] == :on
+
+        define_method "test_#{index}".to_sym do
+          @test = test
+          @index = index
+          run_test
+        end
+      end
+    end
+    Object.const_set(test_name, klass)
+  end
+end
diff --git a/test/html5lib-tests b/test/html5lib-tests
new file mode 160000
index 0000000000..6030cb6e40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/html5lib-tests
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Subproject commit 6030cb6e40a0cf68ae38bf0001bb85b727b80a26
diff --git a/test/namespaces/test_additional_namespaces_in_builder_doc.rb b/test/namespaces/test_additional_namespaces_in_builder_doc.rb
index aa14cfc5a0..7a2bcd31ac 100644
--- a/test/namespaces/test_additional_namespaces_in_builder_doc.rb
+++ b/test/namespaces/test_additional_namespaces_in_builder_doc.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -5,9 +7,9 @@ module XML
     class TestAdditionalNamespacesInBuilderDoc < Nokogiri::TestCase
       def test_builder_namespaced_root_node_ns
         b = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |x|
-          x[:foo].RDF(:'xmlns:foo' => 'http://foo.io')
+          x[:foo].RDF("xmlns:foo": "http://foo.io")
         end
-        assert_equal 'http://foo.io', b.doc.root.namespace.href
+        assert_equal("http://foo.io", b.doc.root.namespace.href)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_aliased_default.rb b/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_aliased_default.rb
index f03de550c2..2728f49e7c 100644
--- a/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_aliased_default.rb
+++ b/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_aliased_default.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -10,14 +12,14 @@ def setup
       def test_alised_default_namespace_on_parse
         doc = Nokogiri::XML('<apple xmlns="ns:fruit" xmlns:fruit="ns:fruit" />')
         ns = doc.root.namespaces
-        assert_equal  "ns:fruit", ns["xmlns:fruit"], "Should have parsed aliased default namespace"
+        assert_equal("ns:fruit", ns["xmlns:fruit"], "Should have parsed aliased default namespace")
       end
 
       def test_add_aliased_default_namespace
         doc = Nokogiri::XML('<apple xmlns="ns:fruit" />')
         doc.root.add_namespace_definition("fruit", "ns:fruit")
         ns = doc.root.namespaces
-        assert_equal  "ns:fruit", ns["xmlns:fruit"],"Should have added aliased default namespace"
+        assert_equal("ns:fruit", ns["xmlns:fruit"], "Should have added aliased default namespace")
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_in_builder_doc.rb b/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_in_builder_doc.rb
index dc4bf1b202..6c20805d53 100644
--- a/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_in_builder_doc.rb
+++ b/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_in_builder_doc.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -6,14 +8,14 @@ class TestNamespacesInBuilderDoc < Nokogiri::TestCase
       def setup
         super
         b = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |x|
-          x.fruit(:xmlns => 'ns:fruit', :'xmlns:veg' => 'ns:veg', :'xmlns:xlink' => 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink') do
+          x.fruit(xmlns: "ns:fruit", "xmlns:veg": "ns:veg", "xmlns:xlink": "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink") do
             x.pear { x.bosc }
             x.orange
             x[:veg].carrot do
-              x.cheese(:xmlns => 'ns:dairy', :'xlink:href' => 'http://example.com/cheese/')
+              x.cheese(xmlns: "ns:dairy", "xlink:href": "http://example.com/cheese/")
             end
-            x[:meat].bacon(:'xmlns:meat' => 'ns:meat') do
-              x.apple :count => 2
+            x[:meat].bacon("xmlns:meat": "ns:meat") do
+              x.apple(count: 2)
               x[:veg].tomato
             end
           end
@@ -22,53 +24,62 @@ def setup
         @doc = b.doc
       end
 
-      def check_namespace e
+      def check_namespace(e)
         e.namespace.nil? ? nil : e.namespace.href
       end
 
       def test_builder_default_ns
-        assert_equal 'ns:fruit', check_namespace(@doc.root)
+        assert_equal("ns:fruit", check_namespace(@doc.root))
       end
+
       def test_builder_parent_default_ns
-        assert_equal 'ns:fruit', check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[0])
-        assert_equal 'ns:fruit', check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[1])
+        assert_equal("ns:fruit", check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[0]))
+        assert_equal("ns:fruit", check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[1]))
       end
+
       def test_builder_grandparent_default_ns
-        assert_equal 'ns:fruit', check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[0].elements[0])
+        assert_equal("ns:fruit", check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[0].elements[0]))
       end
+
       def test_builder_parent_nondefault_ns
-        assert_equal 'ns:veg',   check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[2])
+        assert_equal("ns:veg",   check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[2]))
       end
+
       def test_builder_single_decl_ns_1
-        assert_equal 'ns:dairy', check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[2].elements[0])
+        assert_equal("ns:dairy", check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[2].elements[0]))
       end
+
       def test_builder_nondefault_attr_ns
-        assert_equal 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink', 
-          check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[2].elements[0].attribute_nodes.find { |a| a.name =~ /href/ })
+        assert_equal("http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink",
+          check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[2].elements[0].attribute_nodes.find { |a| a.name.include?("href") }))
       end
+
       def test_builder_single_decl_ns_2
-        assert_equal 'ns:meat',  check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[3])
+        assert_equal("ns:meat", check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[3]))
       end
+
       def test_builder_buried_default_ns
-        assert_equal 'ns:fruit',  check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[3].elements[0])
+        assert_equal("ns:fruit", check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[3].elements[0]))
       end
+
       def test_builder_buried_decl_ns
-        assert_equal 'ns:veg',  check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[3].elements[1])
+        assert_equal("ns:veg",  check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[3].elements[1]))
       end
+
       def test_builder_namespace_count
         n = @doc.root.clone
         n.children.each(&:remove)
         ns_attrs = n.to_xml.scan(/\bxmlns(?::.+?)?=/)
-        assert_equal 3, ns_attrs.length
+        assert_equal(3, ns_attrs.length)
       end
 
       def test_builder_namespaced_attribute_on_unparented_node
         doc = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |x|
-          x.root('xmlns:foo' => 'http://foo.io') {
-            x.obj('foo:attr' => 'baz')
-          }
+          x.root("xmlns:foo" => "http://foo.io") do
+            x.obj("foo:attr" => "baz")
+          end
         end.doc
-        assert_equal 'http://foo.io', doc.root.children.first.attribute_nodes.first.namespace.href
+        assert_equal("http://foo.io", doc.root.children.first.attribute_nodes.first.namespace.href)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_in_cloned_doc.rb b/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_in_cloned_doc.rb
index 978768dabf..500bab1afb 100644
--- a/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_in_cloned_doc.rb
+++ b/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_in_cloned_doc.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -6,26 +8,26 @@ class TestNamespacesInClonedDoc < Nokogiri::TestCase
       def setup
         super
         b = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |xml|
-          xml.mods("xmlns"=>"http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3") {
-            xml.name(:type=>"personal") {
-              xml.namePart()
-            }
-          }
+          xml.mods("xmlns" => "http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3") do
+            xml.name(type: "personal") do
+              xml.namePart
+            end
+          end
         end
 
         @doc = b.doc
         @clone = Nokogiri::XML(@doc.to_s)
       end
 
-      def check_namespace e
+      def check_namespace(e)
         e.namespace.nil? ? nil : e.namespace.href
       end
 
       def test_namespace_ns
         xpath = '//oxns:name[@type="personal"]'
-        namespaces = {'oxns' => "http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3"}
-        assert_equal @doc.xpath(xpath, namespaces).length, @clone.xpath(xpath, namespaces).length
+        namespaces = { "oxns" => "http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" }
+        assert_equal(@doc.xpath(xpath, namespaces).length, @clone.xpath(xpath, namespaces).length)
       end
     end
   end
-end
\ No newline at end of file
+end
diff --git a/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_in_created_doc.rb b/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_in_created_doc.rb
index 43dd7a9b8b..2fa76d3df9 100644
--- a/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_in_created_doc.rb
+++ b/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_in_created_doc.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -6,69 +8,82 @@ class TestNamespacesInCreatedDoc < Nokogiri::TestCase
       def setup
         super
         @doc = Nokogiri::XML('<fruit xmlns="ns:fruit" xmlns:veg="ns:veg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>')
-        pear = @doc.create_element('pear')
-        bosc = @doc.create_element('bosc')
+        pear = @doc.create_element("pear")
+        bosc = @doc.create_element("bosc", { "veg:any" => "none" })
         pear.add_child(bosc)
         @doc.root << pear
-        @doc.root.add_child('<orange/>')
-        carrot = @doc.create_element('veg:carrot')
+        @doc.root.add_child("<orange/>")
+        carrot = @doc.create_element("veg:carrot")
         @doc.root << carrot
-        cheese = @doc.create_element('cheese', :xmlns => 'ns:dairy', :'xlink:href' => 'http://example.com/cheese/')
+        cheese = @doc.create_element("cheese", xmlns: "ns:dairy", "xlink:href": "http://example.com/cheese/")
         carrot << cheese
-        bacon = @doc.create_element('meat:bacon', :'xmlns:meat' => 'ns:meat')
-        apple = @doc.create_element('apple')
-        apple['count'] = 2
+        bacon = @doc.create_element("meat:bacon", "xmlns:meat": "ns:meat")
+        apple = @doc.create_element("apple")
+        apple["count"] = 2
         bacon << apple
-        tomato = @doc.create_element('veg:tomato')
+        tomato = @doc.create_element("veg:tomato")
         bacon << tomato
         @doc.root << bacon
       end
 
-      def check_namespace e
+      def check_namespace(e)
         e.namespace.nil? ? nil : e.namespace.href
       end
 
       def test_created_default_ns
-        assert_equal 'ns:fruit', check_namespace(@doc.root)
+        assert_equal("ns:fruit", check_namespace(@doc.root))
       end
+
       def test_created_parent_default_ns
-        assert_equal 'ns:fruit', check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[0])
-        assert_equal 'ns:fruit', check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[1])
+        assert_equal("ns:fruit", check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[0]))
+        assert_equal("ns:fruit", check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[1]))
       end
+
       def test_created_grandparent_default_ns
-        assert_equal 'ns:fruit', check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[0].elements[0])
+        assert_equal("ns:fruit", check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[0].elements[0]))
       end
+
+      def test_created_attribute_with_ns
+        assert_equal("ns:veg", check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[0].elements[0].attribute_nodes.first))
+      end
+
       def test_created_parent_nondefault_ns
-        assert_equal 'ns:veg',   check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[2])
+        assert_equal("ns:veg",   check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[2]))
       end
+
       def test_created_single_decl_ns_1
-        assert_equal 'ns:dairy', check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[2].elements[0])
+        assert_equal("ns:dairy", check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[2].elements[0]))
       end
+
       def test_created_nondefault_attr_ns
-        assert_equal 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink', 
-          check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[2].elements[0].attribute_nodes.find { |a| a.name =~ /href/ })
+        assert_equal("http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink",
+          check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[2].elements[0].attribute_nodes.find { |a| a.name.include?("href") }))
       end
+
       def test_created_single_decl_ns_2
-        assert_equal 'ns:meat',  check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[3])
+        assert_equal("ns:meat", check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[3]))
       end
+
       def test_created_buried_default_ns
-        assert_equal 'ns:fruit',  check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[3].elements[0])
+        assert_equal("ns:fruit", check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[3].elements[0]))
       end
+
       def test_created_buried_decl_ns
-        assert_equal 'ns:veg',  check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[3].elements[1])
+        assert_equal("ns:veg",  check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[3].elements[1]))
       end
+
       def test_created_namespace_count
         n = @doc.root.clone
         n.children.each(&:remove)
         ns_attrs = n.to_xml.scan(/\bxmlns(?::.+?)?=/)
-        assert_equal 3, ns_attrs.length
+        assert_equal(3, ns_attrs.length)
       end
 
       def test_created_namespaced_attribute_on_unparented_node
         doc = Nokogiri::XML('<root xmlns:foo="http://foo.io"/>')
-        node = @doc.create_element('obj', 'foo:attr' => 'baz')
+        node = @doc.create_element("obj", "foo:attr" => "baz")
         doc.root.add_child(node)
-        assert_equal 'http://foo.io', doc.root.children.first.attribute_nodes.first.namespace.href
+        assert_equal("http://foo.io", doc.root.children.first.attribute_nodes.first.namespace.href)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_in_parsed_doc.rb b/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_in_parsed_doc.rb
index 23945e3008..071e5b5f8a 100644
--- a/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_in_parsed_doc.rb
+++ b/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_in_parsed_doc.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -5,7 +7,7 @@ module XML
     class TestNamespacesInParsedDoc < Nokogiri::TestCase
       def setup
         super
-        @doc = Nokogiri::XML <<-eoxml
+        @doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<-eoxml)
           <fruit xmlns="ns:fruit" xmlns:veg="ns:veg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
               <pear>
                   <bosc/>
@@ -22,44 +24,53 @@ def setup
         eoxml
       end
 
-      def check_namespace e
+      def check_namespace(e)
         e.namespace.nil? ? nil : e.namespace.href
       end
 
       def test_parsed_default_ns
-        assert_equal 'ns:fruit', check_namespace(@doc.root)
+        assert_equal("ns:fruit", check_namespace(@doc.root))
       end
+
       def test_parsed_parent_default_ns
-        assert_equal 'ns:fruit', check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[0])
-        assert_equal 'ns:fruit', check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[1])
+        assert_equal("ns:fruit", check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[0]))
+        assert_equal("ns:fruit", check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[1]))
       end
+
       def test_parsed_grandparent_default_ns
-        assert_equal 'ns:fruit', check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[0].elements[0])
+        assert_equal("ns:fruit", check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[0].elements[0]))
       end
+
       def test_parsed_parent_nondefault_ns
-        assert_equal 'ns:veg',   check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[2])
+        assert_equal("ns:veg",   check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[2]))
       end
+
       def test_parsed_single_decl_ns_1
-        assert_equal 'ns:dairy', check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[2].elements[0])
+        assert_equal("ns:dairy", check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[2].elements[0]))
       end
+
       def test_parsed_nondefault_attr_ns
-        assert_equal 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink', 
-          check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[2].elements[0].attribute_nodes.find { |a| a.name =~ /href/ })
+        assert_equal("http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink",
+          check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[2].elements[0].attribute_nodes.find { |a| a.name.include?("href") }))
       end
+
       def test_parsed_single_decl_ns_2
-        assert_equal 'ns:meat',  check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[3])
+        assert_equal("ns:meat", check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[3]))
       end
+
       def test_parsed_buried_default_ns
-        assert_equal 'ns:fruit',  check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[3].elements[0])
+        assert_equal("ns:fruit", check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[3].elements[0]))
       end
+
       def test_parsed_buried_decl_ns
-        assert_equal 'ns:veg',  check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[3].elements[1])
+        assert_equal("ns:veg", check_namespace(@doc.root.elements[3].elements[1]))
       end
+
       def test_parsed_namespace_count
         n = @doc.root.clone
         n.children.each(&:remove)
         ns_attrs = n.to_xml.scan(/\bxmlns(?::.+?)?=/)
-        assert_equal 3, ns_attrs.length
+        assert_equal(3, ns_attrs.length)
       end
 
       def test_namespaces_under_memory_pressure_issue1155
@@ -67,13 +78,11 @@ def test_namespaces_under_memory_pressure_issue1155
 
         refute_valgrind_errors do
           # see https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1155 for background
-          filename = File.join ASSETS_DIR, 'namespace_pressure_test.xml'
-          doc = Nokogiri::XML File.open(filename)
+          filename = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "namespace_pressure_test.xml")
+          doc = Nokogiri::XML(File.open(filename))
 
           # bizarrely, can't repro without the call to #to_a
-          doc.xpath('//namespace::*').to_a.each do |ns|
-            ns.inspect
-          end
+          doc.xpath("//namespace::*").to_a.each(&:inspect)
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_preservation.rb b/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_preservation.rb
index be12bd3d35..b03a28deb5 100755
--- a/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_preservation.rb
+++ b/test/namespaces/test_namespaces_preservation.rb
@@ -1,31 +1,32 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class TestNamespacePreservation < Nokogiri::TestCase
-
       def setup
         super
-        @xml = Nokogiri.XML <<-eoxml
+        @xml = Nokogiri.XML(<<-eoxml)
               <xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
                 <xs:element xmlns:quer="http://api.geotrust.com/webtrust/query"/>
                 <xs:element xmlns:quer="http://api.geotrust.com/webtrust/query"/>
               </xs:schema>
-            eoxml
+        eoxml
       end
 
-      def test_xpath   
-        first = @xml.at_xpath('//xs:element', 'xs' => 'http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema')
-        last = @xml.at_xpath('//xs:element[last()]', 'xs' => 'http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema')
-        assert_equal 'http://api.geotrust.com/webtrust/query' , first.namespaces['xmlns:quer'], "Should contain quer namespace"
-        assert_equal 'http://api.geotrust.com/webtrust/query' , last.namespaces['xmlns:quer'], "Should contain quer namespace"
+      def test_xpath
+        first = @xml.at_xpath("//xs:element", "xs" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema")
+        last = @xml.at_xpath("//xs:element[last()]", "xs" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema")
+        assert_equal("http://api.geotrust.com/webtrust/query", first.namespaces["xmlns:quer"], "Should contain quer namespace")
+        assert_equal("http://api.geotrust.com/webtrust/query", last.namespaces["xmlns:quer"], "Should contain quer namespace")
       end
 
-      def test_traversing   
+      def test_traversing
         first = @xml.root.element_children.first
         last = @xml.root.element_children.last
-        assert_equal 'http://api.geotrust.com/webtrust/query' , first.namespaces['xmlns:quer'], "Should contain quer namespace"
-        assert_equal 'http://api.geotrust.com/webtrust/query' , last.namespaces['xmlns:quer'], "Should contain quer namespace"
+        assert_equal("http://api.geotrust.com/webtrust/query", first.namespaces["xmlns:quer"], "Should contain quer namespace")
+        assert_equal("http://api.geotrust.com/webtrust/query", last.namespaces["xmlns:quer"], "Should contain quer namespace")
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/test_compaction.rb b/test/test_compaction.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9e32cf9a2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/test_compaction.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "helper"
+
+describe "compaction" do
+  describe Nokogiri::XML::Node do
+    it "compacts safely" do # https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/pull/2579
+      skip unless GC.respond_to?(:verify_compaction_references)
+
+      big_doc = "<root>" + ("a".."zz").map { |x| "<#{x}>#{x}</#{x}>" }.join + "</root>"
+      doc = Nokogiri.XML(big_doc)
+
+      # ensure a bunch of node objects have been wrapped
+      doc.root.children.each(&:inspect)
+
+      # compact the heap and try to get the node wrappers to move
+      GC.verify_compaction_references(double_heap: true, toward: :empty)
+
+      # access the node wrappers and make sure they didn't move
+      doc.root.children.each(&:inspect)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe Nokogiri::XML::Namespace do
+    it "namespace_scopes" do
+      skip unless GC.respond_to?(:verify_compaction_references)
+
+      doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<~EOF)
+        <root xmlns="http://example.com/root" xmlns:bar="http://example.com/bar">
+          <first/>
+          <second xmlns="http://example.com/child"/>
+          <third xmlns:foo="http://example.com/foo"/>
+        </root>
+      EOF
+
+      doc.at_xpath("//root:first", "root" => "http://example.com/root").namespace_scopes.inspect
+
+      GC.verify_compaction_references(double_heap: true, toward: :empty)
+
+      doc.at_xpath("//root:first", "root" => "http://example.com/root").namespace_scopes.inspect
+    end
+
+    it "remove_namespaces!" do
+      skip unless GC.respond_to?(:verify_compaction_references)
+
+      doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<~XML)
+        <root xmlns:a="http://a.flavorjon.es/" xmlns:b="http://b.flavorjon.es/">
+          <a:foo>hello from a</a:foo>
+          <b:foo>hello from b</b:foo>
+          <container xmlns:c="http://c.flavorjon.es/">
+            <c:foo c:attr='attr-value'>hello from c</c:foo>
+          </container>
+        </root>
+      XML
+
+      namespaces = doc.root.namespaces
+      namespaces.each(&:inspect)
+      doc.remove_namespaces!
+
+      GC.verify_compaction_references(double_heap: true, toward: :empty)
+
+      namespaces.each(&:inspect)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/test/test_convert_xpath.rb b/test/test_convert_xpath.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index cfc8645904..0000000000
--- a/test/test_convert_xpath.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,135 +0,0 @@
-require "helper"
-
-class TestConvertXPath < Nokogiri::TestCase
-
-  def setup
-    super
-    @N = Nokogiri(File.read(HTML_FILE))
-  end
-
-  def assert_syntactical_equivalence(hpath, xpath, match, &blk)
-    blk ||= lambda {|j| j.first}
-    assert_equal match, blk.call(@N.search(xpath)), "xpath result did not match"
-  end
-
-  def test_child_tag
-    assert_syntactical_equivalence("h1[a]", ".//h1[child::a]", "Tender Lovemaking") do |j|
-      j.inner_text
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_child_tag_equals
-    assert_syntactical_equivalence("h1[a='Tender Lovemaking']", ".//h1[child::a = 'Tender Lovemaking']", "Tender Lovemaking") do |j|
-      j.inner_text
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_filter_contains
-    assert_syntactical_equivalence("title:contains('Tender')", ".//title[contains(., 'Tender')]",
-                                   "Tender Lovemaking  ") do |j|
-      j.inner_text
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_filter_comment
-    assert_syntactical_equivalence("div comment()[2]", ".//div//comment()[position() = 2]", "<!-- end of header -->") do |j|
-      j.first.to_s
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_filter_text
-    assert_syntactical_equivalence("a[text()]", ".//a[normalize-space(child::text())]", "<a href=\"http://tenderlovemaking.com\">Tender Lovemaking</a>") do |j|
-      j.first.to_s
-    end
-    assert_syntactical_equivalence("a[text()='Tender Lovemaking']", ".//a[normalize-space(child::text()) = 'Tender Lovemaking']", "<a href=\"http://tenderlovemaking.com\">Tender Lovemaking</a>") do |j|
-      j.first.to_s
-    end
-    assert_syntactical_equivalence("a/text()", ".//a/child::text()", "Tender Lovemaking") do |j|
-      j.first.to_s
-    end
-    assert_syntactical_equivalence("h2//a[text()!='Back Home!']", ".//h2//a[normalize-space(child::text()) != 'Back Home!']", "Meow meow meow meow meow") do |j|
-      j.first.inner_text
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_filter_by_attr
-    assert_syntactical_equivalence("a[@href='http://blog.geminigeek.com/wordpress-theme']",
-                                   ".//a[@href = 'http://blog.geminigeek.com/wordpress-theme']",
-                                   "http://blog.geminigeek.com/wordpress-theme") do |j|
-      j.first["href"]
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_css_id
-    assert_syntactical_equivalence("#linkcat-7", ".//*[@id = 'linkcat-7']", "linkcat-7") do |j|
-      j.first["id"]
-    end
-    assert_syntactical_equivalence("li#linkcat-7", ".//li[@id = 'linkcat-7']", "linkcat-7") do |j|
-      j.first["id"]
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_css_class
-    assert_syntactical_equivalence(".cat-item-15", ".//*[contains(concat(' ',@class,' '),' cat-item-15 ')]",
-                                   "cat-item cat-item-15") do |j|
-      j.first["class"]
-    end
-    assert_syntactical_equivalence("li.cat-item-15", ".//li[contains(concat(' ',@class,' '),' cat-item-15 ')]",
-                                   "cat-item cat-item-15") do |j|
-      j.first["class"]
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_css_tags
-    assert_syntactical_equivalence("div li a", ".//div//li//a", "http://brobinius.org/") do |j|
-      j.first.inner_text
-    end
-    assert_syntactical_equivalence("div li > a", ".//div//li/a", "http://brobinius.org/") do |j|
-      j.first.inner_text
-    end
-    assert_syntactical_equivalence("h1 ~ small", ".//small[preceding-sibling::h1]", "The act of making love, tenderly.") do |j|
-      j.first.inner_text
-    end
-    assert_syntactical_equivalence("h1 ~ small", ".//small[preceding-sibling::h1]", "The act of making love, tenderly.") do |j|
-      j.first.inner_text
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_positional
-    assert_syntactical_equivalence("div/div:first()", ".//div/div[position() = 1]", "\r\nTender Lovemaking\r\nThe act of making love, tenderly.\r\n".gsub(/[\r\n]/, '')) do |j|
-      j.first.inner_text.gsub(/[\r\n]/, '')
-    end
-    assert_syntactical_equivalence("div/div:first", ".//div/div[position() = 1]", "\r\nTender Lovemaking\r\nThe act of making love, tenderly.\r\n".gsub(/[\r\n]/, '')) do |j|
-      j.first.inner_text.gsub(/[\r\n]/, '')
-    end
-    assert_syntactical_equivalence("div//a:last()", ".//div//a[position() = last()]", "Wordpress") do |j|
-      j.last.inner_text
-    end
-    assert_syntactical_equivalence("div//a:last", ".//div//a[position() = last()]", "Wordpress") do |j|
-      j.last.inner_text
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_multiple_filters
-    assert_syntactical_equivalence("a[@rel='bookmark'][1]", ".//a[@rel = 'bookmark' and position() = 1]", "Back Home!") do |j|
-      j.first.inner_text
-    end
-  end
-
-# TODO:
-#       doc/'title ~ link' -> links that are siblings of title
-#       doc/'p[@class~="final"]' -> class includes string (whitespacy)
-#       doc/'p[text()*="final"]' -> class includes string (index) (broken: always returns true?)
-#       doc/'p[text()$="final"]' -> /final$/
-#       doc/'p[text()|="final"]' -> /^final$/
-#       doc/'p[text()^="final"]' -> string starts with 'final
-#       nth_first
-#       nth_last
-#       even
-#       odd
-#       first-child, nth-child, last-child, nth-last-child, nth-last-of-type
-#       only-of-type, only-child
-#       parent
-#       empty
-#       root
-end
diff --git a/test/test_css_cache.rb b/test/test_css_cache.rb
index 2de651eee2..4f2ee5cfdc 100644
--- a/test/test_css_cache.rb
+++ b/test/test_css_cache.rb
@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 class TestCssCacheAccess < Nokogiri::TestCase
   def setup
     super
     @css = "a1 > b2 > c3"
-    @parse_result = Nokogiri::CSS.parse(@css)
-    @to_xpath_result = @parse_result.map(&:to_xpath)
 
     Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.clear_cache
     Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.class_eval do
       class << @cache
-        alias :old_bracket :[]
+        alias_method :old_bracket, :[]
 
         def access_count
           @access_count ||= 0
@@ -24,23 +24,23 @@ def [](key)
       end
     end
 
-    assert Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.cache_on?
+    assert_predicate(Nokogiri::CSS::Parser, :cache_on?)
   end
 
   def teardown
     Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.clear_cache(true)
-    Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.set_cache true
+    Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.set_cache(true)
     super
   end
 
   [false, true].each do |cache_setting|
     define_method "test_css_cache_#{cache_setting ? "true" : "false"}" do
-      Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.set_cache cache_setting
+      Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.set_cache(cache_setting)
 
       Nokogiri::CSS.xpath_for(@css)
       Nokogiri::CSS.xpath_for(@css)
-      Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.new.xpath_for(@css)
-      Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.new.xpath_for(@css)
+      Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.new.xpath_for(@css, "//", Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor.new)
+      Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.new.xpath_for(@css, "//", Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor.new)
 
       if cache_setting
         assert_equal(1, Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.class_eval { @cache.count })
@@ -55,93 +55,112 @@ def teardown
 
 class TestCssCache < Nokogiri::TestCase
   def teardown
-    Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.set_cache true
+    Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.set_cache(true)
     super
   end
 
   def test_enabled_cache_is_used
     Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.clear_cache
-    Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.set_cache true
+    Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.set_cache(true)
 
     css = ".foo .bar .baz"
     cache = Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.instance_variable_get("@cache")
 
-    assert_nil cache[css]
+    assert_empty(cache)
     Nokogiri::CSS.xpath_for(css)
-    assert cache[css]
+    refute_empty(cache)
+    key = cache.keys.first
 
-    cache[css] = "this is an injected value"
-    assert_equal "this is an injected value", Nokogiri::CSS.xpath_for(css)
+    cache[key] = "this is an injected value"
+    assert_equal("this is an injected value", Nokogiri::CSS.xpath_for(css))
   end
 
   def test_disabled_cache_is_not_used
     Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.clear_cache
-    Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.set_cache false
+    Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.set_cache(false)
 
     css = ".foo .bar .baz"
     cache = Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.instance_variable_get("@cache")
 
-    assert_nil cache[css]
+    assert_empty(cache)
     Nokogiri::CSS.xpath_for(css)
-    assert_nil cache[css]
+    assert_empty(cache)
   end
 
   def test_without_cache_avoids_cache
     Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.clear_cache
-    Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.set_cache true
+    Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.set_cache(true)
 
     css = ".foo .bar .baz"
     cache = Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.instance_variable_get("@cache")
 
-    assert_nil cache[css]
+    assert_empty(cache)
     Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.without_cache do
       Nokogiri::CSS.xpath_for(css)
     end
-    assert_nil cache[css]
+    assert_empty(cache)
   end
 
   def test_without_cache_resets_cache_value
-    Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.set_cache true
+    Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.set_cache(true)
 
     Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.without_cache do
-      assert !Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.cache_on?
+      refute_predicate(Nokogiri::CSS::Parser, :cache_on?)
     end
-    assert Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.cache_on?
+    assert_predicate(Nokogiri::CSS::Parser, :cache_on?)
   end
 
   def test_without_cache_resets_cache_value_even_after_exception
-    Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.set_cache true
+    Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.set_cache(true)
 
     assert_raises(RuntimeError) do
       Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.without_cache do
         raise RuntimeError
       end
     end
-    assert Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.cache_on?
+    assert_predicate(Nokogiri::CSS::Parser, :cache_on?)
+  end
+
+  def test_cache_key_on_ns_prefix_and_visitor_config
+    Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.clear_cache
+    Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.set_cache(true)
+
+    cache = Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.instance_variable_get("@cache")
+    assert_empty(cache)
+
+    Nokogiri::CSS.xpath_for("foo")
+    Nokogiri::CSS.xpath_for("foo", prefix: ".//")
+    Nokogiri::CSS.xpath_for("foo", prefix: ".//", ns: { "example" => "http://example.com/" })
+    Nokogiri::CSS.xpath_for("foo", prefix: ".//", ns: { "example" => "http://example.com/" },
+      visitor: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor.new(builtins: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::BuiltinsConfig::ALWAYS))
+    Nokogiri::CSS.xpath_for("foo", prefix: ".//", ns: { "example" => "http://example.com/" },
+      visitor: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor.new(builtins: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::BuiltinsConfig::ALWAYS,
+        doctype: Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::DoctypeConfig::HTML5))
+    assert_equal(5, cache.length)
   end
 
   def test_race_condition
     # https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1935
     threads = []
 
-    Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.set_cache true
+    Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.set_cache(true)
 
     threads << Thread.new do
       Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.without_cache do
-        sleep 0.02
+        sleep(0.02)
       end
     end
 
     threads << Thread.new do
-      sleep 0.01
+      sleep(0.01)
 
       Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.without_cache do
-        sleep 0.02
+        sleep(0.02)
       end
     end
 
     threads.each(&:join)
 
-    assert Nokogiri::CSS::Parser.cache_on?
+    assert_predicate(Nokogiri::CSS::Parser, :cache_on?)
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/test_encoding_handler.rb b/test/test_encoding_handler.rb
index 288ab1047a..1dc66fcebc 100644
--- a/test/test_encoding_handler.rb
+++ b/test/test_encoding_handler.rb
@@ -1,49 +1,50 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
 require "helper"
 
 class TestEncodingHandler < Nokogiri::TestCase
   def teardown
     Nokogiri::EncodingHandler.clear_aliases!
-    #Replace default aliases removed by clear_aliases!
+    # Replace default aliases removed by clear_aliases!
     Nokogiri.install_default_aliases
     super
   end
 
   def test_get
-    assert_not_nil Nokogiri::EncodingHandler['UTF-8']
-    assert_nil Nokogiri::EncodingHandler['alsdkjfhaldskjfh']
+    refute_nil(Nokogiri::EncodingHandler["UTF-8"])
+    assert_nil(Nokogiri::EncodingHandler["alsdkjfhaldskjfh"])
   end
 
   def test_name
-    eh = Nokogiri::EncodingHandler['UTF-8']
-    assert_equal "UTF-8", eh.name
+    eh = Nokogiri::EncodingHandler["UTF-8"]
+    assert_equal("UTF-8", eh.name)
   end
 
   def test_alias
-    Nokogiri::EncodingHandler.alias('UTF-8', 'UTF-18')
-    assert_equal 'UTF-8', Nokogiri::EncodingHandler['UTF-18'].name
+    Nokogiri::EncodingHandler.alias("UTF-8", "UTF-18")
+    assert_equal("UTF-8", Nokogiri::EncodingHandler["UTF-18"].name)
   end
 
   def test_cleanup_aliases
-    assert_nil Nokogiri::EncodingHandler['UTF-9']
-    Nokogiri::EncodingHandler.alias('UTF-8', 'UTF-9')
-    assert_not_nil Nokogiri::EncodingHandler['UTF-9']
+    assert_nil(Nokogiri::EncodingHandler["UTF-9"])
+    Nokogiri::EncodingHandler.alias("UTF-8", "UTF-9")
+    refute_nil(Nokogiri::EncodingHandler["UTF-9"])
 
     Nokogiri::EncodingHandler.clear_aliases!
-    assert_nil Nokogiri::EncodingHandler['UTF-9']
+    assert_nil(Nokogiri::EncodingHandler["UTF-9"])
   end
 
   def test_delete
-    assert_nil Nokogiri::EncodingHandler['UTF-9']
-    Nokogiri::EncodingHandler.alias('UTF-8', 'UTF-9')
-    assert_not_nil Nokogiri::EncodingHandler['UTF-9']
+    assert_nil(Nokogiri::EncodingHandler["UTF-9"])
+    Nokogiri::EncodingHandler.alias("UTF-8", "UTF-9")
+    refute_nil(Nokogiri::EncodingHandler["UTF-9"])
 
-    Nokogiri::EncodingHandler.delete 'UTF-9'
-    assert_nil Nokogiri::EncodingHandler['UTF-9']
+    Nokogiri::EncodingHandler.delete("UTF-9")
+    assert_nil(Nokogiri::EncodingHandler["UTF-9"])
   end
 
   def test_delete_non_existent
-    assert_nil Nokogiri::EncodingHandler.delete('UTF-9')
+    assert_nil(Nokogiri::EncodingHandler.delete("UTF-9"))
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/test_gem_platform.rb b/test/test_gem_platform.rb
index f6383ef65b..b8b50968b5 100644
--- a/test/test_gem_platform.rb
+++ b/test/test_gem_platform.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 class TestGemPlatform < Nokogiri::TestCase
@@ -32,14 +34,14 @@ class TestGemPlatform < Nokogiri::TestCase
   describe "darwin" do
     it "builds a gem that works on all darwin x86+64 platforms" do
       assert_match darwin_gem_platform,
-                   Gem::Platform.new(["universal", "darwin", "19"]),
-                   "gem should match system-installed ruby on catalina"
+        Gem::Platform.new(["universal", "darwin", "19"]),
+        "gem should match system-installed ruby on catalina"
       assert_match darwin_gem_platform,
-                   Gem::Platform.new(["x86_64", "darwin", "19"]),
-                   "gem should match user-installed ruby on catalina"
+        Gem::Platform.new(["x86_64", "darwin", "19"]),
+        "gem should match user-installed ruby on catalina"
       assert_match darwin_gem_platform,
-                   Gem::Platform.new(["x86_64", "darwin", "18"]),
-                   "gem should match user-installed ruby on mojave"
+        Gem::Platform.new(["x86_64", "darwin", "18"]),
+        "gem should match user-installed ruby on mojave"
 
       # The intention here is to test that the x86_64 platform gems
       # won't match a future ruby that is compiled on arm64/aarch64.
@@ -49,21 +51,21 @@ class TestGemPlatform < Nokogiri::TestCase
       # match, so here are all the tests I can reasonably imagine.
       #
       # Feel free to delete assertions for clarity once we know more.
-      assert_no_match darwin_gem_platform,
-                      Gem::Platform.new(["arm64", "darwin", "19"]),
-                      "gem should not match an arm64 ruby"
-      assert_no_match darwin_gem_platform,
-                      Gem::Platform.new(["arm", "darwin", "19"]),
-                      "gem should not match an arm ruby"
-      assert_no_match darwin_gem_platform,
-                      Gem::Platform.new(["aarch64", "darwin", "19"]),
-                      "gem should not match an aarch64 ruby"
-      assert_no_match darwin_gem_platform,
-                      Gem::Platform.new(["universal2", "darwin", "19"]),
-                      "gem should not match an aarch64 ruby"
-      assert_no_match darwin_gem_platform,
-                      Gem::Platform.new(["universal_2", "darwin", "19"]),
-                      "gem should not match an aarch64 ruby"
+      refute_match darwin_gem_platform,
+        Gem::Platform.new(["arm64", "darwin", "19"]),
+        "gem should not match an arm64 ruby"
+      refute_match darwin_gem_platform,
+        Gem::Platform.new(["arm", "darwin", "19"]),
+        "gem should not match an arm ruby"
+      refute_match darwin_gem_platform,
+        Gem::Platform.new(["aarch64", "darwin", "19"]),
+        "gem should not match an aarch64 ruby"
+      refute_match darwin_gem_platform,
+        Gem::Platform.new(["universal2", "darwin", "19"]),
+        "gem should not match an aarch64 ruby"
+      refute_match darwin_gem_platform,
+        Gem::Platform.new(["universal_2", "darwin", "19"]),
+        "gem should not match an aarch64 ruby"
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/test_iso.rb b/test/test_iso.rb
index 0f3f64a6e0..5ae6250b4d 100644
--- a/test/test_iso.rb
+++ b/test/test_iso.rb
@@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 class TestISO < Nokogiri::TestCase
   def test_iso_content_not_lacking_accents
-    data = IO.binread('test/files/iso-8859-1.xml')
+    data = File.binread("test/files/iso-8859-1.xml")
     document = Nokogiri::XML(data)
-    assert_equal "Accepté", document.at('DATA').text
+    assert_equal("Accepté", document.at("DATA").text)
   end
 
   def test_iso_content_not_truncated
-    data = IO.binread('test/files/iso-8859-1.xml')
+    data = File.binread("test/files/iso-8859-1.xml")
     document = Nokogiri::XML(data)
-    assert_equal 2, document.search('DATA').count
+    assert_equal(2, document.search("DATA").count)
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/test_memory_leak.rb b/test/test_memory_leak.rb
index b737b38618..aad3480bb7 100644
--- a/test/test_memory_leak.rb
+++ b/test/test_memory_leak.rb
@@ -1,16 +1,18 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 class TestMemoryLeak < Nokogiri::TestCase
   def setup
     super
-    @str = <<EOF
-<!DOCTYPE HTML>
-<html>
-  <body>
-    <br />
-  </body>
-</html>
-EOF
+    @str = <<~EOF
+      <!DOCTYPE HTML>
+      <html>
+        <body>
+          <br />
+        </body>
+      </html>
+    EOF
   end
 
   #
@@ -29,46 +31,45 @@ def setup
   #  which is an open issue to resurrect these tests and run them as
   #  part of the CI pipeline.
   #
-  if ENV['NOKOGIRI_GC'] # turning these off by default for now
+  if ENV["NOKOGIRI_GC"] # turning these off by default for now
     def test_dont_hurt_em_why
-      content = File.open("#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/files/dont_hurt_em_why.xml").read
+      content = File.read("#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/files/dont_hurt_em_why.xml")
       ndoc = Nokogiri::XML(content)
       2.times do
-        ndoc.search('status text').first.inner_text
-        ndoc.search('user name').first.inner_text
+        ndoc.search("status text").first.inner_text
+        ndoc.search("user name").first.inner_text
         GC.start
       end
     end
 
     class BadIO
       def read(*args)
-        raise 'hell'
+        raise "hell"
       end
 
       def write(*args)
-        raise 'chickens'
+        raise "chickens"
       end
     end
 
     def test_for_mem_leak_on_io_callbacks
-      io = File.open SNUGGLES_FILE
+      io = File.open(SNUGGLES_FILE)
       Nokogiri::XML.parse(io)
 
       loop do
-        Nokogiri::XML.parse(BadIO.new) rescue nil
-        doc.write BadIO.new rescue nil
+        Nokogiri::XML.parse(BadIO.new) rescue nil # rubocop:disable Style/RescueModifier
+        doc.write(BadIO.new) rescue nil # rubocop:disable Style/RescueModifier
       end
     end
 
     def test_for_memory_leak
-      begin
-        #  we don't use Dike in any tests, but requiring it has side effects
-        #  that can create memory leaks, and that's what we're testing for.
-        require 'rubygems'
-        require 'dike' # do not remove!
-
-        count_start = count_object_space_documents
-        xml_data = <<-EOS
+      #  we don't use Dike in any tests, but requiring it has side effects
+      #  that can create memory leaks, and that's what we're testing for.
+      require "rubygems"
+      require "dike" # do not remove!
+
+      count_start = count_object_space_documents
+      xml_data = <<-EOS
         <test>
           <items>
             <item>abc</item>
@@ -76,21 +77,20 @@ def test_for_memory_leak
             <item>Zzz</item>
           <items>
         </test>
-        EOS
-        20.times do
-          doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml_data)
-          doc.xpath("//item")
-        end
-        2.times { GC.start }
-        count_end = count_object_space_documents
-        assert((count_end - count_start) <= 2, "memory leak detected")
-      rescue LoadError
-        puts "\ndike is not installed, skipping memory leak test"
+      EOS
+      20.times do
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml_data)
+        doc.xpath("//item")
       end
+      2.times { GC.start }
+      count_end = count_object_space_documents
+      assert((count_end - count_start) <= 2, "memory leak detected")
+    rescue LoadError
+      puts "\ndike is not installed, skipping memory leak test"
     end
 
     def test_node_set_namespace_mem_leak
-      xml = Nokogiri::XML "<foo></foo>"
+      xml = Nokogiri::XML("<foo></foo>")
       ctx = Nokogiri::XML::XPathContext.new(xml)
       loop do
         ctx.evaluate("//namespace::*")
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ def initialize(jumptag)
       end
 
       def start_element(name, attrs = [])
-        throw @jumptag
+        throw(@jumptag)
       end
     end
 
@@ -144,31 +144,31 @@ def test_jumping_sax_handler
     def test_in_context_parser_leak
       loop do
         doc = Nokogiri::XML::Document.new
-        fragment1 = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.new(doc, '<foo/>')
+        fragment1 = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.new(doc, "<foo/>")
         node = fragment1.children[0]
-        node.parse('<bar></bar>')
+        node.parse("<bar></bar>")
       end
     end
 
     def test_in_context_parser_leak_ii
-      loop { Nokogiri::XML('<a/>').root.parse('<b/>') }
+      loop { Nokogiri::XML("<a/>").root.parse("<b/>") }
     end
 
     def test_leak_on_xpath_string_function
       doc = Nokogiri::XML(@str)
       loop do
-        doc.xpath('name(//node())')
+        doc.xpath("name(//node())")
       end
     end
 
     def test_leaking_namespace_node_strings
       # see https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1810 for memory leak report
-      ns = {'xmlns' => 'http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/'}
+      ns = { "xmlns" => "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" }
       20.times do
         10_000.times do
           Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |xml|
-            xml.send 'Envelope', ns do
-              xml.send 'Foobar', ns
+            xml.send("Envelope", ns) do
+              xml.send("Foobar", ns)
             end
           end
         end
@@ -178,12 +178,12 @@ def test_leaking_namespace_node_strings
 
     def test_leaking_namespace_node_strings_with_prefix
       # see https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1810 for memory leak report
-      ns = {'xmlns:foo' => 'http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/'}
+      ns = { "xmlns:foo" => "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" }
       20.times do
         10_000.times do
           Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |xml|
-            xml.send 'Envelope', ns do
-              xml.send 'Foobar', ns
+            xml.send("Envelope", ns) do
+              xml.send("Foobar", ns)
             end
           end
         end
@@ -191,12 +191,53 @@ def test_leaking_namespace_node_strings_with_prefix
       end
     end
 
+    def test_document_remove_namespaces_with_ruby_objects
+      xml = <<~XML
+        <root xmlns:a="http://a.flavorjon.es/" xmlns:b="http://b.flavorjon.es/">
+          <a:foo>hello from a</a:foo>
+          <b:foo>hello from b</b:foo>
+          <container xmlns:c="http://c.flavorjon.es/">
+            <c:foo c:attr='attr-value'>hello from c</c:foo>
+          </container>
+        </root>
+      XML
+
+      20.times do
+        10_000.times do
+          doc = Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse(xml)
+          doc.namespaces.each(&:inspect)
+          doc.remove_namespaces!
+        end
+        puts MemInfo.rss
+      end
+    end
+
+    def test_document_remove_namespaces_without_ruby_objects
+      xml = <<~XML
+        <root xmlns:a="http://a.flavorjon.es/" xmlns:b="http://b.flavorjon.es/">
+          <a:foo>hello from a</a:foo>
+          <b:foo>hello from b</b:foo>
+          <container xmlns:c="http://c.flavorjon.es/">
+            <c:foo c:attr='attr-value'>hello from c</c:foo>
+          </container>
+        </root>
+      XML
+
+      20.times do
+        20_000.times do
+          doc = Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse(xml)
+          doc.remove_namespaces!
+        end
+        puts MemInfo.rss
+      end
+    end
+
     def test_leaking_dtd_nodes_after_internal_subset_removal
       # see https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1784
       100_000.times do |i|
         doc = Nokogiri::HTML::Document.new
         doc.internal_subset.remove
-        puts MemInfo.rss if (i % 1000 == 0)
+        puts MemInfo.rss if i % 1000 == 0
       end
     end
 
@@ -205,13 +246,13 @@ def test_leaking_dtd_nodes_after_internal_subset_removal
         prev_rss = MemInfo.rss
         100_001.times do |j|
           Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG.from_document(Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse(File.read(ADDRESS_SCHEMA_FILE)))
-          if (j % 10_000 == 0)
-            curr_rss = MemInfo.rss
-            diff_rss = curr_rss - prev_rss
-            printf("\n(iter %d) %d", j, curr_rss)
-            printf(" (%s%d)", diff_rss >= 0 ? "+" : "-", diff_rss) if j > 0
-            prev_rss = curr_rss
-          end
+          next unless j % 10_000 == 0
+
+          curr_rss = MemInfo.rss
+          diff_rss = curr_rss - prev_rss
+          printf("\n(iter %d) %d", j, curr_rss)
+          printf(" (%s%d)", diff_rss >= 0 ? "+" : "-", diff_rss) if j > 0
+          prev_rss = curr_rss
         end
         puts
       end
@@ -221,15 +262,20 @@ def test_leaking_dtd_nodes_after_internal_subset_removal
   module MemInfo
     # from https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7220896/get-current-ruby-process-memory-usage
     # this is only going to work on linux
-    PAGE_SIZE = `getconf PAGESIZE`.chomp.to_i rescue 4096
+    PAGE_SIZE = begin
+      %x(getconf PAGESIZE).chomp.to_i
+    rescue
+      4096
+    end
     STATM_PATH = "/proc/#{Process.pid}/statm"
     STATM_FOUND = File.exist?(STATM_PATH)
 
     def self.rss
       if STATM_FOUND
-        return (File.read(STATM_PATH).split(' ')[1].to_i * PAGE_SIZE) / 1024
+        return (File.read(STATM_PATH).split(" ")[1].to_i * PAGE_SIZE) / 1024
       end
-      return 0
+
+      0
     end
   end
 
@@ -237,7 +283,7 @@ def self.rss
 
   def count_object_space_documents
     count = 0
-    ObjectSpace.each_object {|j| count += 1 if j.is_a?(Nokogiri::XML::Document) }
+    ObjectSpace.each_object { |j| count += 1 if j.is_a?(Nokogiri::XML::Document) }
     count
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/test_nokogiri.rb b/test/test_nokogiri.rb
index e1a90b43f1..8acc42ce4a 100644
--- a/test/test_nokogiri.rb
+++ b/test/test_nokogiri.rb
@@ -1,54 +1,56 @@
-require "helper"
-
-class TestNokogiri < Nokogiri::TestCase
-  def test_libxml_iconv
-    skip_unless_libxml2("this constant is only set in the C extension when libxml2 is used")
-    assert Nokogiri.const_defined?(:LIBXML_ICONV_ENABLED)
-  end
-
-  def test_parse_with_io
-    doc = Nokogiri.parse(
-      StringIO.new("<html><head><title></title><body></body></html>")
-    )
-    assert_instance_of Nokogiri::HTML::Document, doc
-  end
-
-  def test_xml?
-    doc = Nokogiri.parse(File.read(XML_FILE))
-    assert doc.xml?
-    assert !doc.html?
-  end
-
-  def test_atom_is_xml?
-    doc = Nokogiri.parse(File.read(XML_ATOM_FILE))
-    assert doc.xml?
-    assert !doc.html?
-  end
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
-  def test_html?
-    doc = Nokogiri.parse(File.read(HTML_FILE))
-    assert !doc.xml?
-    assert doc.html?
-  end
-
-  def test_nokogiri_method_with_html
-    doc1 = Nokogiri(File.read(HTML_FILE))
-    doc2 = Nokogiri.parse(File.read(HTML_FILE))
-    assert_equal doc1.serialize, doc2.serialize
-  end
-
-  def test_nokogiri_method_with_block
-    doc = Nokogiri { b "bold tag" }
-    assert_equal("<b>bold tag</b>", doc.to_html.chomp)
-  end
-
-  def test_make_with_html
-    doc = Nokogiri.make("<b>bold tag</b>")
-    assert_equal("<b>bold tag</b>", doc.to_html.chomp)
-  end
+require "helper"
 
-  def test_make_with_block
-    doc = Nokogiri.make { b "bold tag" }
-    assert_equal("<b>bold tag</b>", doc.to_html.chomp)
+class Nokogiri::TestCase
+  describe Nokogiri do
+    def test_libxml_iconv
+      skip_unless_libxml2("this constant is only set in the C extension when libxml2 is used")
+      assert(Nokogiri.const_defined?(:LIBXML_ICONV_ENABLED))
+    end
+
+    def test_parse_with_io
+      doc = Nokogiri.parse(StringIO.new("<html><head><title></title><body></body></html>"))
+      assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::HTML::Document, doc)
+    end
+
+    def test_xml?
+      doc = Nokogiri.parse(File.read(XML_FILE))
+      assert_predicate(doc, :xml?)
+      refute_predicate(doc, :html?)
+    end
+
+    def test_atom_is_xml?
+      doc = Nokogiri.parse(File.read(XML_ATOM_FILE))
+      assert_predicate(doc, :xml?)
+      refute_predicate(doc, :html?)
+    end
+
+    def test_html?
+      doc = Nokogiri.parse(File.read(HTML_FILE))
+      refute_predicate(doc, :xml?)
+      assert_predicate(doc, :html?)
+    end
+
+    def test_nokogiri_method_with_html
+      doc1 = Nokogiri(File.read(HTML_FILE))
+      doc2 = Nokogiri.parse(File.read(HTML_FILE))
+      assert_equal(doc1.serialize, doc2.serialize)
+    end
+
+    def test_nokogiri_method_with_block
+      doc = Nokogiri { b("bold tag") }
+      assert_equal("<b>bold tag</b>", doc.to_html.chomp)
+    end
+
+    def test_make_with_html
+      doc = Nokogiri.make("<b>bold tag</b>")
+      assert_equal("<b>bold tag</b>", doc.to_html.chomp)
+    end
+
+    def test_make_with_block
+      doc = Nokogiri.make { b("bold tag") }
+      assert_equal("<b>bold tag</b>", doc.to_html.chomp)
+    end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/test_nokogumbo_contract.rb b/test/test_nokogumbo_contract.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..072cfe13b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/test_nokogumbo_contract.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "helper"
+
+describe "Nokogumbo contract expectations" do
+  # per https://github.com/rubys/nokogumbo/pull/171
+  it "includes the HTML5 public interface" do
+    skip("Gumbo is not supported on this platform") unless Nokogiri.uses_gumbo?
+
+    assert_includes(::Nokogiri.singleton_methods, :HTML5)
+
+    assert_equal("constant", defined?(::Nokogiri::HTML5))
+    assert_includes(::Nokogiri::HTML5.singleton_methods, :parse)
+    assert_includes(::Nokogiri::HTML5.singleton_methods, :fragment)
+
+    assert_equal("constant", defined?(::Nokogiri::HTML5::Node))
+    assert_equal("constant", defined?(::Nokogiri::HTML5::Document))
+    assert_equal("constant", defined?(::Nokogiri::HTML5::DocumentFragment))
+  end
+
+  it "includes a replacement for the Nokogumbo private interface" do
+    skip("Gumbo is not supported on this platform") unless Nokogiri.uses_gumbo?
+
+    assert_equal("constant", defined?(::Nokogiri::Gumbo))
+    assert_includes(::Nokogiri::Gumbo.singleton_methods, :parse)
+    assert_includes(::Nokogiri::Gumbo.singleton_methods, :fragment)
+  end
+end
diff --git a/test/test_soap4r_sax.rb b/test/test_soap4r_sax.rb
index 133034c679..77d7746b9c 100644
--- a/test/test_soap4r_sax.rb
+++ b/test/test_soap4r_sax.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module XSD
@@ -7,46 +9,47 @@ class Parser
 
       class << self; attr_reader :factory_added; end
 
-      def self.add_factory o
+      def self.add_factory(o)
         @factory_added = o
       end
 
-      def initialize *args
+      def initialize(*args)
         @charset = nil
       end
 
-      def characters foo
+      def characters(foo)
       end
 
-      def start_element *args
+      def start_element(*args)
       end
 
-      def end_element *args
+      def end_element(*args)
       end
     end
   end
 end
 
-require 'xsd/xmlparser/nokogiri'
+require "xsd/xmlparser/nokogiri"
 
 class TestSoap4rSax < Nokogiri::TestCase
   def test_factory_added
-    assert_equal XSD::XMLParser::Nokogiri, XSD::XMLParser::Nokogiri.factory_added
+    assert_equal(XSD::XMLParser::Nokogiri, XSD::XMLParser::Nokogiri.factory_added)
   end
 
   def test_parse
     o = Class.new(::XSD::XMLParser::Nokogiri) do
       attr_accessor :element_started
-      def initialize *args
+
+      def initialize(*args)
         super
         @element_started = false
       end
 
-      def start_element *args
+      def start_element(*args)
         @element_started = true
       end
-    end.new 'foo'
-    o.do_parse '<?xml version="1.0" ?><root xmlns="http://example.com/"/>'
-    assert o.element_started, 'element started'
+    end.new("foo")
+    o.do_parse('<?xml version="1.0" ?><root xmlns="http://example.com/"/>')
+    assert(o.element_started, "element started")
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/test_version.rb b/test/test_version.rb
index dda8f392ba..b1872d88bc 100644
--- a/test/test_version.rb
+++ b/test/test_version.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 require "rbconfig"
 require "json"
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ def test_version_info_basics
     assert_equal(Nokogiri::VERSION, Nokogiri::VERSION_INFO["nokogiri"]["version"])
 
     if jruby?
-      refute(Nokogiri::VERSION_INFO["nokogiri"].has_key?("cppflags"), "did not expect cppflags")
+      refute(Nokogiri::VERSION_INFO["nokogiri"].key?("cppflags"), "did not expect cppflags")
     else
       # cppflags/ldflags are more fully tested in scripts/test-gem-installation
       assert_kind_of(Array, Nokogiri::VERSION_INFO["nokogiri"]["cppflags"], "cppflags should be an array")
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@ def test_version_info_for_xerces_and_nekohtml
     skip_unless_jruby("xerces/nekohtml is only used for JRuby")
     assert_equal(Nokogiri::XERCES_VERSION, version_info["other_libraries"]["xerces"])
     assert_equal(Nokogiri::NEKO_VERSION, version_info["other_libraries"]["nekohtml"])
+    assert_empty(Nokogiri.libxml2_patches)
   end
 
   def test_version_info_for_libxml
@@ -40,18 +42,20 @@ def test_version_info_for_libxml
     if Nokogiri::VersionInfo.instance.libxml2_using_packaged?
       assert_equal("packaged", version_info["libxml"]["source"])
       assert(version_info["libxml"]["patches"])
+      assert_equal(Nokogiri.libxml2_patches, version_info["libxml"]["patches"])
       assert_equal(Nokogiri::VersionInfo.instance.libxml2_precompiled?, version_info["libxml"]["precompiled"])
     end
     if Nokogiri::VersionInfo.instance.libxml2_using_system?
       assert_equal("system", version_info["libxml"]["source"])
       refute(version_info["libxml"].key?("precompiled"))
       refute(version_info["libxml"].key?("patches"))
+      assert_empty(Nokogiri.libxml2_patches)
     end
 
     assert_equal(Nokogiri::LIBXML_COMPILED_VERSION, version_info["libxml"]["compiled"])
     assert_match(VERSION_MATCH, version_info["libxml"]["compiled"])
 
-    assert_match VERSION_MATCH, version_info["libxml"]["loaded"]
+    assert_match(VERSION_MATCH, version_info["libxml"]["loaded"])
     Nokogiri::LIBXML_LOADED_VERSION =~ /(\d)(\d{2})(\d{2})/
     major = Regexp.last_match(1).to_i
     minor = Regexp.last_match(2).to_i
@@ -59,6 +63,7 @@ def test_version_info_for_libxml
     assert_equal("#{major}.#{minor}.#{bug}", Nokogiri::VERSION_INFO["libxml"]["loaded"])
 
     assert(version_info["libxml"].key?("iconv_enabled"))
+    assert(version_info["libxslt"].key?("datetime_enabled"))
   end
 
   def test_version_info_for_libxslt
diff --git a/test/test_xslt_transforms.rb b/test/test_xslt_transforms.rb
index 708215dc80..30678d0116 100644
--- a/test/test_xslt_transforms.rb
+++ b/test/test_xslt_transforms.rb
@@ -1,372 +1,437 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
-class TestXsltTransforms < Nokogiri::TestCase
-  def setup
-    super
-    @doc = Nokogiri::XML(File.open(XML_FILE))
-  end
+class Nokogiri::TestCase
+  describe Nokogiri::XSLT::Stylesheet do
+    def check_params(result_doc, params)
+      result_doc.xpath("/root/params/*").each do |p|
+        assert_equal(p.content, params[p.name.intern])
+      end
+    end
 
-  def test_class_methods
-    style = Nokogiri::XSLT(File.read(XSLT_FILE))
+    let(:doc) { Nokogiri::XML(File.open(XML_FILE)) }
 
-    assert(result = style.apply_to(@doc, ['title', '"Grandma"']))
-    assert_match(%r{<h1>Grandma</h1>}, result)
-  end
+    def test_class_methods
+      style = Nokogiri::XSLT(File.read(XSLT_FILE))
 
-  def test_transform
-    assert(style = Nokogiri::XSLT.parse(File.read(XSLT_FILE)))
-
-    assert(result = style.apply_to(@doc, ['title', '"Booyah"']))
-    assert_match(%r{<h1>Booyah</h1>}, result)
-    assert_match(%r{<th.*Employee ID</th>}, result)
-    assert_match(%r{<th.*Name</th>}, result)
-    assert_match(%r{<th.*Position</th>}, result)
-    assert_match(%r{<th.*Salary</th>}, result)
-    assert_match(%r{<td>EMP0003</td>}, result)
-    assert_match(%r{<td>Margaret Martin</td>}, result)
-    assert_match(%r{<td>Computer Specialist</td>}, result)
-    assert_match(%r{<td>100,000</td>}, result)
-    assert_no_match(/Dallas|Texas/, result)
-    assert_no_match(/Female/, result)
-
-    assert(result = style.apply_to(@doc, ['title', '"Grandma"']))
-    assert_match(%r{<h1>Grandma</h1>}, result)
-
-    assert(result = style.apply_to(@doc))
-    assert_match(%r{<h1></h1>|<h1/>}, result)
-  end
+      assert(result = style.apply_to(doc, ["title", '"Grandma"']))
+      assert_match(%r{<h1>Grandma</h1>}, result)
+    end
 
-  def test_xml_declaration
-    input_xml = <<~EOS
-      <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-      <report>
-        <title>My Report</title>
-      </report>
-    EOS
-
-    input_xsl = <<~EOS
-      <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-      <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
-        <xsl:output method="xml" version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" indent="yes"/>
-        <xsl:template match="/">
-          <html>
-            <head>
-              <title><xsl:value-of select="report/title"/></title>
-            </head>
-            <body>
-              <h1><xsl:value-of select="report/title"/></h1>
-            </body>
-          </html>
-        </xsl:template>
-      </xsl:stylesheet>
-    EOS
+    def test_transform
+      assert(style = Nokogiri::XSLT.parse(File.read(XSLT_FILE)))
+
+      assert(result = style.apply_to(doc, ["title", '"Booyah"']))
+      assert_match(%r{<h1>Booyah</h1>}, result)
+      assert_match(%r{<th.*Employee ID</th>}, result)
+      assert_match(%r{<th.*Name</th>}, result)
+      assert_match(%r{<th.*Position</th>}, result)
+      assert_match(%r{<th.*Salary</th>}, result)
+      assert_match(%r{<td>EMP0003</td>}, result)
+      assert_match(%r{<td>Margaret Martin</td>}, result)
+      assert_match(%r{<td>Computer Specialist</td>}, result)
+      assert_match(%r{<td>100,000</td>}, result)
+      refute_match(/Dallas|Texas/, result)
+      refute_match(/Female/, result)
+
+      assert(result = style.apply_to(doc, ["title", '"Grandma"']))
+      assert_match(%r{<h1>Grandma</h1>}, result)
+
+      assert(result = style.apply_to(doc))
+      assert_match(%r{<h1></h1>|<h1/>}, result)
+    end
 
-    require 'nokogiri'
+    def test_xml_declaration
+      input_xml = <<~EOS
+        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+        <report>
+          <title>My Report</title>
+        </report>
+      EOS
+
+      input_xsl = <<~EOS
+        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+        <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
+          <xsl:output method="xml" version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" indent="yes"/>
+          <xsl:template match="/">
+            <html>
+              <head>
+                <title><xsl:value-of select="report/title"/></title>
+              </head>
+              <body>
+                <h1><xsl:value-of select="report/title"/></h1>
+              </body>
+            </html>
+          </xsl:template>
+        </xsl:stylesheet>
+      EOS
 
-    xml = ::Nokogiri::XML(input_xml)
-    xsl = ::Nokogiri::XSLT(input_xsl)
+      require "nokogiri"
 
-    assert_includes(xsl.apply_to(xml), '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>')
-  end
+      xml = ::Nokogiri::XML(input_xml)
+      xsl = ::Nokogiri::XSLT(input_xsl)
 
-  def test_transform_with_output_style
-    xslt = ""
-    xslt = if Nokogiri.jruby?
-      Nokogiri::XSLT(<<~eoxslt)
-        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
+      assert_includes(xsl.apply_to(xml), '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>')
+    end
 
-        <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
-        xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
-        <xsl:output method="text" version="1.0"
-        encoding="iso-8859-1" indent="yes"/>
-
-        <xsl:param name="title"/>
-
-        <xsl:template match="/">
-          <html>
-          <body>
-            <xsl:for-each select="staff/employee">
-            <tr>
-              <td><xsl:value-of select="employeeId"/></td>
-              <td><xsl:value-of select="name"/></td>
-              <td><xsl:value-of select="position"/></td>
-              <td><xsl:value-of select="salary"/></td>
-            </tr>
-            </xsl:for-each>
-          </body>
-          </html>
-        </xsl:template>
+    def test_transform_with_output_style
+      xslt = if Nokogiri.jruby?
+        Nokogiri::XSLT(<<~eoxslt)
+          <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
 
-        </xsl:stylesheet>
-      eoxslt
-    else
-      Nokogiri::XSLT(<<~eoxslt)
-        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
+          <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
+          xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
+          <xsl:output method="text" version="1.0"
+          encoding="iso-8859-1" indent="yes"/>
 
-        <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
-        xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
-        <xsl:output method="text" version="1.0"
-        encoding="iso-8859-1" indent="yes"/>
-
-        <xsl:param name="title"/>
-
-        <xsl:template match="/">
-          <html>
-          <body>
-            <xsl:for-each select="staff/employee">
-            <tr>
-              <td><xsl:value-of select="employeeId"/></td>
-              <td><xsl:value-of select="name"/></td>
-              <td><xsl:value-of select="position"/></td>
-              <td><xsl:value-of select="salary"/></td>
-            </tr>
-            </xsl:for-each>
-            </table>
-          </body>
-          </html>
-        </xsl:template>
+          <xsl:param name="title"/>
 
-        </xsl:stylesheet>
-      eoxslt
-    end
-    result = xslt.apply_to(@doc, ['title', 'foo'])
-    assert_no_match(/<td>/, result)
-
-    # the entity-form is for systems with this bug with Encodings.properties
-    # https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/XALANJ-2618
-    # a.k.a. "Attempt to output character of integral value 48 that is not represented in specified output encoding of iso-8859-1."
-    assert_match(
-      /This is an adjacent|&#84;&#104;&#105;&#115;&#32;&#105;&#115;&#32;&#97;&#110;&#32;&#97;&#100;&#106;&#97;&#99;&#101;&#110;&#116;/, result
-    )
-  end
+          <xsl:template match="/">
+            <html>
+            <body>
+              <xsl:for-each select="staff/employee">
+              <tr>
+                <td><xsl:value-of select="employeeId"/></td>
+                <td><xsl:value-of select="name"/></td>
+                <td><xsl:value-of select="position"/></td>
+                <td><xsl:value-of select="salary"/></td>
+              </tr>
+              </xsl:for-each>
+            </body>
+            </html>
+          </xsl:template>
+
+          </xsl:stylesheet>
+        eoxslt
+      else
+        Nokogiri::XSLT(<<~eoxslt)
+          <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
 
-  def test_transform_arg_error
-    assert(style = Nokogiri::XSLT(File.read(XSLT_FILE)))
-    assert_raises(TypeError) do
-      style.transform(@doc, :foo)
+          <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
+          xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
+          <xsl:output method="text" version="1.0"
+          encoding="iso-8859-1" indent="yes"/>
+
+          <xsl:param name="title"/>
+
+          <xsl:template match="/">
+            <html>
+            <body>
+              <xsl:for-each select="staff/employee">
+              <tr>
+                <td><xsl:value-of select="employeeId"/></td>
+                <td><xsl:value-of select="name"/></td>
+                <td><xsl:value-of select="position"/></td>
+                <td><xsl:value-of select="salary"/></td>
+              </tr>
+              </xsl:for-each>
+              </table>
+            </body>
+            </html>
+          </xsl:template>
+
+          </xsl:stylesheet>
+        eoxslt
+      end
+      result = xslt.apply_to(doc, ["title", "foo"])
+      refute_match(/<td>/, result)
+
+      # the entity-form is for systems with this bug with Encodings.properties
+      # https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/XALANJ-2618
+      # a.k.a. "Attempt to output character of integral value 48 that is not represented in specified output encoding of iso-8859-1."
+      assert_match(
+        /This is an adjacent|&#84;&#104;&#105;&#115;&#32;&#105;&#115;&#32;&#97;&#110;&#32;&#97;&#100;&#106;&#97;&#99;&#101;&#110;&#116;/, result
+      )
     end
-  end
 
-  def test_transform_with_hash
-    assert(style = Nokogiri::XSLT(File.read(XSLT_FILE)))
-    result = style.transform(@doc, { 'title' => '"Booyah"' })
-    assert(result.html?)
-    assert_equal("Booyah", result.at_css("h1").content)
-  end
+    def test_transform_arg_error
+      assert(style = Nokogiri::XSLT(File.read(XSLT_FILE)))
+      assert_raises(TypeError) do
+        style.transform(doc, :foo)
+      end
+    end
 
-  def test_transform2
-    assert(style = Nokogiri::XSLT(File.open(XSLT_FILE)))
-    assert(result_doc = style.transform(@doc))
-    assert(result_doc.html?)
-    assert_equal("", result_doc.at_css("h1").content)
+    def test_transform_with_hash
+      assert(style = Nokogiri::XSLT(File.read(XSLT_FILE)))
+      result = style.transform(doc, { "title" => '"Booyah"' })
+      assert_predicate(result, :html?)
+      assert_equal("Booyah", result.at_css("h1").content)
+    end
 
-    assert(style = Nokogiri::XSLT(File.read(XSLT_FILE)))
-    assert(result_doc = style.transform(@doc, ['title', '"Booyah"']))
-    assert(result_doc.html?)
-    assert_equal("Booyah", result_doc.at_css("h1").content)
+    def test_transform2
+      assert(style = Nokogiri::XSLT(File.open(XSLT_FILE)))
+      assert(result_doc = style.transform(doc))
+      assert_predicate(result_doc, :html?)
+      assert_equal("", result_doc.at_css("h1").content)
 
-    assert(result_string = style.apply_to(@doc, ['title', '"Booyah"']))
-    assert_equal(result_string, style.serialize(result_doc))
-  end
+      assert(style = Nokogiri::XSLT(File.read(XSLT_FILE)))
+      assert(result_doc = style.transform(doc, ["title", '"Booyah"']))
+      assert_predicate(result_doc, :html?)
+      assert_equal("Booyah", result_doc.at_css("h1").content)
 
-  def test_transform_with_quote_params
-    assert(style = Nokogiri::XSLT(File.open(XSLT_FILE)))
-    assert(result_doc = style.transform(@doc, Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params(['title', 'Booyah'])))
-    assert(result_doc.html?)
-    assert_equal("Booyah", result_doc.at_css("h1").content)
+      assert(result_string = style.apply_to(doc, ["title", '"Booyah"']))
+      assert_equal(result_string, style.serialize(result_doc))
+    end
 
-    assert(style = Nokogiri::XSLT.parse(File.read(XSLT_FILE)))
-    assert(result_doc = style.transform(@doc, Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params({ 'title' => 'Booyah' })))
-    assert(result_doc.html?)
-    assert_equal("Booyah", result_doc.at_css("h1").content)
-  end
+    def test_transform_with_quote_params
+      assert(style = Nokogiri::XSLT(File.open(XSLT_FILE)))
+      assert(result_doc = style.transform(doc, Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params(["title", "Booyah"])))
+      assert_predicate(result_doc, :html?)
+      assert_equal("Booyah", result_doc.at_css("h1").content)
 
-  def test_quote_params
-    h = {
-      :sym => %{xxx},
-      'str' => %{"xxx"},
-      :sym2 => %{'xxx'},
-      'str2' => %{x'x'x},
-      :sym3 => %{x"x"x},
-    }
-    hh = h.dup
-    result_hash = Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params(h)
-    assert_equal(hh, h) # non-destructive
-
-    a = h.to_a.flatten
-    result_array = Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params(a)
-    assert_equal(h.to_a.flatten, a) # non-destructive
-
-    assert_equal(result_array, result_hash)
-  end
+      assert(style = Nokogiri::XSLT.parse(File.read(XSLT_FILE)))
+      assert(result_doc = style.transform(doc, Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params({ "title" => "Booyah" })))
+      assert_predicate(result_doc, :html?)
+      assert_equal("Booyah", result_doc.at_css("h1").content)
+    end
 
-  def test_exslt
-    # see http://yokolet.blogspot.com/2010/10/pure-java-nokogiri-xslt-extension.html")
-    skip_unless_libxml2("cannot get it working on JRuby")
-
-    assert(doc = Nokogiri::XML.parse(File.read(EXML_FILE)))
-    assert(doc.xml?)
-
-    assert(style = Nokogiri::XSLT.parse(File.read(EXSLT_FILE)))
-    params = {
-      p1: 'xxx',
-      p2: "x'x'x",
-      p3: 'x"x"x',
-      p4: '"xxx"',
-    }
-    result_doc = Nokogiri::XML.parse(style.apply_to(doc,
+    def test_exslt
+      # see http://yokolet.blogspot.com/2010/10/pure-java-nokogiri-xslt-extension.html")
+      skip_unless_libxml2("cannot get it working on JRuby")
+
+      assert(doc = Nokogiri::XML.parse(File.read(EXML_FILE)))
+      assert_predicate(doc, :xml?)
+
+      assert(style = Nokogiri::XSLT.parse(File.read(EXSLT_FILE)))
+      params = {
+        p1: "xxx",
+        p2: "x'x'x",
+        p3: 'x"x"x',
+        p4: '"xxx"',
+      }
+      result_doc = Nokogiri::XML.parse(style.apply_to(doc,
         Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params(params)))
 
-    assert_equal('func-result', result_doc.at('/root/function').content)
-    assert_equal(3, result_doc.at('/root/max').content.to_i)
-    assert_match(
-      /\d{4}-\d\d-\d\d([-|+]\d\d:\d\d)?/,
-      result_doc.at('/root/date').content
-    )
-    result_doc.xpath('/root/params/*').each do |p|
-      assert_equal(p.content, params[p.name.intern])
-    end
-    check_params(result_doc, params)
-    result_doc = Nokogiri::XML.parse(style.apply_to(doc,
+      assert_equal("func-result", result_doc.at("/root/function").content)
+      assert_equal(3, result_doc.at("/root/max").content.to_i)
+      if Nokogiri::VersionInfo.instance.libxslt_has_datetime?
+        assert_match(
+          /\d{4}-\d\d-\d\d([-|+]\d\d:\d\d)?/,
+          result_doc.at("/root/date").content
+        )
+      end
+      result_doc.xpath("/root/params/*").each do |p|
+        assert_equal(p.content, params[p.name.intern])
+      end
+      check_params(result_doc, params)
+      result_doc = Nokogiri::XML.parse(style.apply_to(doc,
         Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params(params.to_a.flatten)))
-    check_params(result_doc, params)
-  end
+      check_params(result_doc, params)
+    end
 
-  def test_xslt_paramaters
-    # see http://yokolet.blogspot.com/2010/10/pure-java-nokogiri-xslt-extension.html")
-    skip_unless_libxml2("cannot get it working on JRuby")
+    def test_xslt_paramaters
+      # see http://yokolet.blogspot.com/2010/10/pure-java-nokogiri-xslt-extension.html")
+      skip_unless_libxml2("cannot get it working on JRuby")
 
-    xslt_str = <<~EOX
-      <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" >
-        <xsl:template match="/">
-          <xsl:value-of select="$foo" />
-        </xsl:template>
-      </xsl:stylesheet>
+      xslt_str = <<~EOX
+        <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" >
+          <xsl:template match="/">
+            <xsl:value-of select="$foo" />
+          </xsl:template>
+        </xsl:stylesheet>
       EOX
 
-    xslt = Nokogiri::XSLT(xslt_str)
-    doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root />")
-    assert_match(/bar/, xslt.transform(doc, Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params('foo' => 'bar')).to_s)
-  end
+      xslt = Nokogiri::XSLT(xslt_str)
+      doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root />")
+      assert_match(/bar/, xslt.transform(doc, Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params("foo" => "bar")).to_s)
+    end
 
-  def test_xslt_transform_error
-    # see http://yokolet.blogspot.com/2010/10/pure-java-nokogiri-xslt-extension.html")
-    skip_unless_libxml2("cannot get it working on JRuby")
+    def test_xslt_transform_error
+      # see http://yokolet.blogspot.com/2010/10/pure-java-nokogiri-xslt-extension.html")
+      skip_unless_libxml2("cannot get it working on JRuby")
 
-    xslt_str = <<~EOX
-      <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" >
-        <xsl:template match="/">
-          <xsl:value-of select="$foo" />
-        </xsl:template>
-      </xsl:stylesheet>
+      xslt_str = <<~EOX
+        <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" >
+          <xsl:template match="/">
+            <xsl:value-of select="$foo" />
+          </xsl:template>
+        </xsl:stylesheet>
       EOX
 
-    xslt = Nokogiri::XSLT(xslt_str)
-    doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root />")
-    assert_raises(RuntimeError) { xslt.transform(doc) }
-  end
-
-  def test_xslt_parse_error
-    xslt_str = <<~EOX
-      <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
-       xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
-        <!-- Not well-formed: -->
-        <xsl:template match="/"/>
-          <values>
-            <xsl:for-each select="//*">
-              <value>
-                <xsl:value-of select="@id"/>
-              </value>
-            </xsl:for-each>
-          </values>
-        </xsl:template>
-      </xsl:stylesheet>}
-    EOX
-    assert_raises(RuntimeError) { Nokogiri::XSLT.parse(xslt_str) }
-  end
+      xslt = Nokogiri::XSLT(xslt_str)
+      doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root />")
+      assert_raises(RuntimeError) { xslt.transform(doc) }
+    end
 
-  def test_passing_a_non_document_to_transform
-    xsl = Nokogiri::XSLT('<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"></xsl:stylesheet>')
-    assert_raises(ArgumentError) { xsl.transform("<div></div>") }
-    assert_raises(ArgumentError) { xsl.transform(Nokogiri::HTML("").css("body")) }
-  end
+    def test_xslt_parse_error
+      xslt_str = <<~EOX
+        <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
+         xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
+          <!-- Not well-formed: -->
+          <xsl:template match="/"/>
+            <values>
+              <xsl:for-each select="//*">
+                <value>
+                  <xsl:value-of select="@id"/>
+                </value>
+              </xsl:for-each>
+            </values>
+          </xsl:template>
+        </xsl:stylesheet>}
+      EOX
+      assert_raises(RuntimeError) { Nokogiri::XSLT.parse(xslt_str) }
+    end
 
-  def check_params(result_doc, params)
-    result_doc.xpath('/root/params/*').each do |p|
-      assert_equal(p.content, params[p.name.intern])
+    def test_passing_a_non_document_to_transform
+      xsl = Nokogiri::XSLT('<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"></xsl:stylesheet>')
+      assert_raises(ArgumentError) { xsl.transform("<div></div>") }
+      assert_raises(ArgumentError) { xsl.transform(Nokogiri::HTML("").css("body")) }
     end
-  end
 
-  def test_non_html_xslt_transform
-    xml = Nokogiri.XML(<<~EOXML)
-      <a>
-        <b>
-        <c>123</c>
-          </b>
-        </a>
-    EOXML
-
-    xsl = Nokogiri.XSLT(<<~EOXSL)
-      <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
-                      xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
-
-        <xsl:output encoding="UTF-8" indent="yes" method="xml" />
-
-        <xsl:template match="/">
-          <a><xsl:value-of select="/a" /></a>
-        </xsl:template>
-      </xsl:stylesheet>
-    EOXSL
-
-    result = xsl.transform(xml)
-    assert(!result.html?)
-  end
+    def test_non_html_xslt_transform
+      xml = Nokogiri.XML(<<~EOXML)
+        <a>
+          <b>
+          <c>123</c>
+            </b>
+          </a>
+      EOXML
+
+      xsl = Nokogiri.XSLT(<<~EOXSL)
+        <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
+                        xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
+
+          <xsl:output encoding="UTF-8" indent="yes" method="xml" />
+
+          <xsl:template match="/">
+            <a><xsl:value-of select="/a" /></a>
+          </xsl:template>
+        </xsl:stylesheet>
+      EOXSL
+
+      result = xsl.transform(xml)
+      refute_predicate(result, :html?)
+    end
 
-  it "should not crash when given XPath 2.0 features" do
-    #
-    #  https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1802
-    #
-    #  note that here the XPath 2.0 feature is `decimal`.
-    #  this test case is taken from the example provided in the original issue.
-    #
-    xml = <<~EOXML
-      <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-      <Invoice xmlns="urn:oasis:names:specification:ubl:schema:xsd:Invoice-2"
-               xmlns:cac="urn:oasis:names:specification:ubl:schema:xsd:CommonAggregateComponents-2"
-               xmlns:cbc="urn:oasis:names:specification:ubl:schema:xsd:CommonBasicComponents-2"
-               xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-               xsi:schemaLocation="urn:oasis:names:specification:ubl:schema:xsd:Invoice-2">
-        <cac:TaxTotal>
-          <cbc:TaxAmount currencyID="EUR">48.00</cbc:TaxAmount>
-        </cac:TaxTotal>
-      </Invoice>
+    it "should not crash when given XPath 2.0 features" do
+      #
+      #  https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1802
+      #
+      #  note that here the XPath 2.0 feature is `decimal`.
+      #  this test case is taken from the example provided in the original issue.
+      #
+      xml = <<~EOXML
+        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+        <Invoice xmlns="urn:oasis:names:specification:ubl:schema:xsd:Invoice-2"
+                 xmlns:cac="urn:oasis:names:specification:ubl:schema:xsd:CommonAggregateComponents-2"
+                 xmlns:cbc="urn:oasis:names:specification:ubl:schema:xsd:CommonBasicComponents-2"
+                 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+                 xsi:schemaLocation="urn:oasis:names:specification:ubl:schema:xsd:Invoice-2">
+          <cac:TaxTotal>
+            <cbc:TaxAmount currencyID="EUR">48.00</cbc:TaxAmount>
+          </cac:TaxTotal>
+        </Invoice>
       EOXML
 
-    xsl = <<~EOXSL
-      <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
-      <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
-                      xmlns:cbc="urn:oasis:names:specification:ubl:schema:xsd:CommonBasicComponents-2"
-                      xmlns:cac="urn:oasis:names:specification:ubl:schema:xsd:CommonAggregateComponents-2"
-                      xmlns:ubl="urn:oasis:names:specification:ubl:schema:xsd:Invoice-2"
-                      xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
-                      version="1.0">
-        <xsl:template match="/">
-          <xsl:apply-templates select="/" mode="qwerty"/>
-        </xsl:template>
-        <xsl:template match="/ubl:Invoice/cac:TaxTotal" priority="1001" mode="qwerty">
-          <xsl:choose>
-            <xsl:when test="(round(xs:decimal(child::cbc:TaxAmount)))"/>
-          </xsl:choose>
-        </xsl:template>
-      </xsl:stylesheet>
+      xsl = <<~EOXSL
+        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+        <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+                        xmlns:cbc="urn:oasis:names:specification:ubl:schema:xsd:CommonBasicComponents-2"
+                        xmlns:cac="urn:oasis:names:specification:ubl:schema:xsd:CommonAggregateComponents-2"
+                        xmlns:ubl="urn:oasis:names:specification:ubl:schema:xsd:Invoice-2"
+                        xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
+                        version="1.0">
+          <xsl:template match="/">
+            <xsl:apply-templates select="/" mode="qwerty"/>
+          </xsl:template>
+          <xsl:template match="/ubl:Invoice/cac:TaxTotal" priority="1001" mode="qwerty">
+            <xsl:choose>
+              <xsl:when test="(round(xs:decimal(child::cbc:TaxAmount)))"/>
+            </xsl:choose>
+          </xsl:template>
+        </xsl:stylesheet>
       EOXSL
 
-    doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml)
-    xslt = Nokogiri::XSLT(xsl)
-    exception = assert_raise(RuntimeError) do
-      xslt.transform(doc)
+      doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml)
+      xslt = Nokogiri::XSLT(xsl)
+      exception = assert_raises(RuntimeError) do
+        xslt.transform(doc)
+      end
+      assert_match(/decimal/, exception.message)
+    end
+
+    describe "DEFAULT_XSLT parse options" do
+      it "is the union of DEFAULT_XML and libxslt's XSLT_PARSE_OPTIONS" do
+        xslt_parse_options = Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.noent.dtdload.dtdattr.nocdata
+        expected = Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_XML | xslt_parse_options.options
+        assert_equal(expected, Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_XSLT)
+      end
+
+      it "parses docs the same as xsltproc" do
+        skip_unless_libxml2("JRuby implementation disallows this edge case XSLT")
+
+        # see https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1940
+        xml = "<t></t>"
+        xsl = <<~EOF
+          <?xml version="1.0"?>
+          <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
+          <xsl:output method="text" omit-xml-declaration="no" />
+            <xsl:template match="/">
+              <xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes"><![CDATA[<>]]></xsl:text>
+            </xsl:template>
+          </xsl:stylesheet>
+        EOF
+
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml)
+        stylesheet = Nokogiri::XSLT(xsl)
+
+        # TODO: ideally I'd like to be able to access the parse options in the final object
+        # assert_equal(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_XSLT, stylesheet.document.parse_options)
+
+        result = stylesheet.transform(doc)
+        assert_equal("<>", result.children.to_xml)
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe "XSLT.quote_params" do
+      it "returns quoted values" do
+        assert_equal(["asdf", "'qwer'"], Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params({ "asdf" => "qwer" }))
+      end
+
+      it "stringifies non-string keys and values" do
+        assert_equal(["asdf", "'1234'"], Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params({ asdf: 1234 }))
+        assert_equal(["1234", "'asdf'"], Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params({ 1234 => :asdf }))
+      end
+
+      it "handles multiple key-value pairs" do
+        actual = Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params({ "abcd" => "efgh", "ijkl" => "mnop" })
+        expected = ["abcd", "'efgh'", "ijkl", "'mnop'"]
+        assert_equal(expected, actual)
+      end
+
+      it "handles an array of pairs" do
+        actual = Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params(["abcd", "efgh", "ijkl", "mnop"])
+        expected = ["abcd", "'efgh'", "ijkl", "'mnop'"]
+        assert_equal(expected, actual)
+      end
+
+      it "handles double quotes" do
+        assert_equal(["a", %{'"asdf"'}], Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params({ "a" => %{"asdf"} }))
+      end
+
+      it "handles single quotes" do
+        actual = Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params({ "a" => %{'asdf'} })
+        expected = ["a", %{concat('', "'", 'asdf', "'", '')}]
+        assert_equal(expected, actual)
+
+        actual = Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params({ "a" => %{a'sd'f} })
+        expected = ["a", %{concat('a', "'", 'sd', "'", 'f')}]
+        assert_equal(expected, actual)
+      end
+
+      it "does not change the input parameters" do
+        input_h = { "abcd" => "efgh", "ijkl" => "mnop" }
+        expected_h = input_h.dup
+        input_a = input_h.to_a.flatten
+        expected_a = input_a.dup
+
+        Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params(input_h)
+        assert_equal(expected_h, input_h)
+
+        Nokogiri::XSLT.quote_params(input_a)
+        assert_equal(expected_a, input_a)
+      end
     end
-    assert_match(/decimal/, exception.message)
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/xml/node/test_attribute_methods.rb b/test/xml/node/test_attribute_methods.rb
index b7cbd5ff20..07ffab8a5f 100644
--- a/test/xml/node/test_attribute_methods.rb
+++ b/test/xml/node/test_attribute_methods.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 class Nokogiri::XML::Node
@@ -12,85 +14,85 @@ def test_each
       @xml.xpath("//address")[1].each do |key, value|
         attributes << [key, value]
       end
-      assert_equal [["domestic", "Yes"], ["street", "Yes"]], attributes
+      assert_equal([["domestic", "Yes"], ["street", "Yes"]], attributes)
     end
 
     def test_remove_attribute
       address = @xml.xpath("/staff/employee/address").first
-      assert_equal "Yes", address["domestic"]
+      assert_equal("Yes", address["domestic"])
       attr = address.attributes["domestic"]
 
-      returned_attr = address.remove_attribute "domestic"
-      assert_nil address["domestic"]
-      assert_equal attr, returned_attr
+      returned_attr = address.remove_attribute("domestic")
+      assert_nil(address["domestic"])
+      assert_equal(attr, returned_attr)
     end
 
     def test_remove_attribute_when_not_found
       address = @xml.xpath("/staff/employee/address").first
-      attr = address.remove_attribute "not-an-attribute"
-      assert_nil attr
+      attr = address.remove_attribute("not-an-attribute")
+      assert_nil(attr)
     end
 
     def test_attribute_setter_accepts_non_string
       address = @xml.xpath("/staff/employee/address").first
-      assert_equal "Yes", address[:domestic]
+      assert_equal("Yes", address[:domestic])
       address[:domestic] = "Altered Yes"
-      assert_equal "Altered Yes", address[:domestic]
+      assert_equal("Altered Yes", address[:domestic])
     end
 
     def test_attribute_accessor_accepts_non_string
       address = @xml.xpath("/staff/employee/address").first
-      assert_equal "Yes", address["domestic"]
-      assert_equal "Yes", address[:domestic]
+      assert_equal("Yes", address["domestic"])
+      assert_equal("Yes", address[:domestic])
     end
 
     def test_empty_attribute_reading
-      node = Nokogiri::XML '<foo empty="" whitespace="  "/>'
+      node = Nokogiri::XML('<foo empty="" whitespace="  "/>')
 
-      assert_equal "", node.root["empty"]
-      assert_equal "  ", node.root["whitespace"]
+      assert_equal("", node.root["empty"])
+      assert_equal("  ", node.root["whitespace"])
     end
 
     def test_delete
       address = @xml.xpath("/staff/employee/address").first
-      assert_equal "Yes", address["domestic"]
-      address.delete "domestic"
-      assert_nil address["domestic"]
+      assert_equal("Yes", address["domestic"])
+      address.delete("domestic")
+      assert_nil(address["domestic"])
     end
 
     def test_attributes
-      assert node = @xml.search("//address").first
+      assert(node = @xml.search("//address").first)
       assert_nil(node["asdfasdfasdf"])
       assert_equal("Yes", node["domestic"])
 
-      assert node = @xml.search("//address")[2]
+      assert(node = @xml.search("//address")[2])
       attr = node.attributes
-      assert_equal 2, attr.size
-      assert_equal "Yes", attr["domestic"].value
-      assert_equal "Yes", attr["domestic"].to_s
-      assert_equal "No", attr["street"].value
+      assert_equal(2, attr.size)
+      assert_equal("Yes", attr["domestic"].value)
+      assert_equal("Yes", attr["domestic"].to_s)
+      assert_equal("No", attr["street"].value)
     end
 
     def test_values
-      assert_equal %w{ Yes Yes }, @xml.xpath("//address")[1].values
+      assert_equal(["Yes", "Yes"], @xml.xpath("//address")[1].values)
     end
 
     def test_value?
-      refute @xml.xpath("//address")[1].value?("no_such_value")
-      assert @xml.xpath("//address")[1].value?("Yes")
+      refute(@xml.xpath("//address")[1].value?("no_such_value"))
+      assert(@xml.xpath("//address")[1].value?("Yes"))
     end
 
     def test_keys
-      assert_equal %w{ domestic street }, @xml.xpath("//address")[1].keys
+      assert_equal(["domestic", "street"], @xml.xpath("//address")[1].keys)
     end
 
     def test_attribute_with_symbol
-      assert_equal "Yes", @xml.css("address").first[:domestic]
+      assert_equal("Yes", @xml.css("address").first[:domestic])
     end
 
     def test_non_existent_attribute_should_return_nil
       node = @xml.root.first_element_child
-      assert_nil node.attribute("type")
+      assert_nil(node.attribute("type"))
     end
 
     #
@@ -102,13 +104,13 @@ def test_classes
           <p class=" foo  bar foo ">test</p>
           <p class="">test</p>
         </div>
-        eoxml
+      eoxml
       div = xml.at_xpath("//div")
       p1, p2 = xml.xpath("//p")
 
-      assert_equal [], div.classes
-      assert_equal %w[foo bar foo], p1.classes
-      assert_equal [], p2.classes
+      assert_empty(div.classes)
+      assert_equal(["foo", "bar", "foo"], p1.classes)
+      assert_empty(p2.classes)
     end
 
     def test_add_class
@@ -117,18 +119,18 @@ def test_add_class
           <p class=" foo  bar foo ">test</p>
           <p class="">test</p>
         </div>
-        eoxml
+      eoxml
       div = xml.at_xpath("//div")
       p1, p2 = xml.xpath("//p")
 
-      assert_same div, div.add_class("main")
-      assert_equal "main", div["class"]
+      assert_same(div, div.add_class("main"))
+      assert_equal("main", div["class"])
 
-      assert_same p1, p1.add_class("baz foo")
-      assert_equal "foo bar foo baz", p1["class"]
+      assert_same(p1, p1.add_class("baz foo"))
+      assert_equal("foo bar foo baz", p1["class"])
 
-      assert_same p2, p2.add_class("foo baz foo")
-      assert_equal "foo baz foo", p2["class"]
+      assert_same(p2, p2.add_class("foo baz foo"))
+      assert_equal("foo baz foo", p2["class"])
     end
 
     def test_append_class
@@ -137,18 +139,18 @@ def test_append_class
           <p class=" foo  bar foo ">test</p>
           <p class="">test</p>
         </div>
-        eoxml
+      eoxml
       div = xml.at_xpath("//div")
       p1, p2 = xml.xpath("//p")
 
-      assert_same div, div.append_class("main")
-      assert_equal "main", div["class"]
+      assert_same(div, div.append_class("main"))
+      assert_equal("main", div["class"])
 
-      assert_same p1, p1.append_class("baz foo")
-      assert_equal "foo bar foo baz foo", p1["class"]
+      assert_same(p1, p1.append_class("baz foo"))
+      assert_equal("foo bar foo baz foo", p1["class"])
 
-      assert_same p2, p2.append_class("foo baz foo")
-      assert_equal "foo baz foo", p2["class"]
+      assert_same(p2, p2.append_class("foo baz foo"))
+      assert_equal("foo baz foo", p2["class"])
     end
 
     def test_remove_class
@@ -159,24 +161,24 @@ def test_remove_class
           <p class="foo foo">test</p>
           <p class="">test</p>
         </div>
-        eoxml
+      eoxml
       div = xml.at_xpath("//div")
       p1, p2, p3, p4 = xml.xpath("//p")
 
-      assert_same div, div.remove_class("main")
-      assert_nil div["class"]
+      assert_same(div, div.remove_class("main"))
+      assert_nil(div["class"])
 
-      assert_same p1, p1.remove_class("bar baz")
-      assert_equal "foo foo", p1["class"]
+      assert_same(p1, p1.remove_class("bar baz"))
+      assert_equal("foo foo", p1["class"])
 
-      assert_same p2, p2.remove_class()
-      assert_nil p2["class"]
+      assert_same(p2, p2.remove_class)
+      assert_nil(p2["class"])
 
-      assert_same p3, p3.remove_class("foo")
-      assert_nil p3["class"]
+      assert_same(p3, p3.remove_class("foo"))
+      assert_nil(p3["class"])
 
-      assert_same p4, p4.remove_class("foo")
-      assert_nil p4["class"]
+      assert_same(p4, p4.remove_class("foo"))
+      assert_nil(p4["class"])
     end
 
     #
@@ -195,7 +197,7 @@ def test_remove_class
 
       describe "#kwattr_values" do
         it "returns an array of space-delimited values" do
-          _(node.kwattr_values("blargh")).must_equal(%w[foo bar baz bar foo quux foo manx])
+          _(node.kwattr_values("blargh")).must_equal(["foo", "bar", "baz", "bar", "foo", "quux", "foo", "manx"])
         end
 
         describe "when no attribute exists" do
@@ -225,26 +227,26 @@ def test_remove_class
         end
 
         it "adds a new bare keyword string" do
-          _(node.kwattr_add("blargh", "jimmy").kwattr_values("blargh")).
-            must_equal(%w[foo bar baz bar foo quux foo manx jimmy])
+          _(node.kwattr_add("blargh", "jimmy").kwattr_values("blargh"))
+            .must_equal(["foo", "bar", "baz", "bar", "foo", "quux", "foo", "manx", "jimmy"])
         end
 
         it "does not add a repeated bare keyword string" do
-          _(node.kwattr_add("blargh", "foo").kwattr_values("blargh")).
-            must_equal(%w[foo bar baz bar foo quux foo manx])
+          _(node.kwattr_add("blargh", "foo").kwattr_values("blargh"))
+            .must_equal(["foo", "bar", "baz", "bar", "foo", "quux", "foo", "manx"])
         end
 
         describe "given a string of keywords" do
           it "adds new keywords and ignores existing keywords" do
-            _(node.kwattr_add("blargh", "foo jimmy\tjohnny").kwattr_values("blargh")).
-              must_equal(%w[foo bar baz bar foo quux foo manx jimmy johnny])
+            _(node.kwattr_add("blargh", "foo jimmy\tjohnny").kwattr_values("blargh"))
+              .must_equal(["foo", "bar", "baz", "bar", "foo", "quux", "foo", "manx", "jimmy", "johnny"])
           end
         end
 
         describe "given an array of keywords" do
           it "adds new keywords and ignores existing keywords" do
-            _(node.kwattr_add("blargh", %w[foo jimmy]).kwattr_values("blargh")).
-              must_equal(%w[foo bar baz bar foo quux foo manx jimmy])
+            _(node.kwattr_add("blargh", ["foo", "jimmy"]).kwattr_values("blargh"))
+              .must_equal(["foo", "bar", "baz", "bar", "foo", "quux", "foo", "manx", "jimmy"])
           end
         end
       end
@@ -259,26 +261,26 @@ def test_remove_class
         end
 
         it "adds a new bare keyword string" do
-          _(node.kwattr_append("blargh", "jimmy").kwattr_values("blargh")).
-            must_equal(%w[foo bar baz bar foo quux foo manx jimmy])
+          _(node.kwattr_append("blargh", "jimmy").kwattr_values("blargh"))
+            .must_equal(["foo", "bar", "baz", "bar", "foo", "quux", "foo", "manx", "jimmy"])
         end
 
         it "adds a repeated bare keyword string" do
-          _(node.kwattr_append("blargh", "foo").kwattr_values("blargh")).
-            must_equal(%w[foo bar baz bar foo quux foo manx foo])
+          _(node.kwattr_append("blargh", "foo").kwattr_values("blargh"))
+            .must_equal(["foo", "bar", "baz", "bar", "foo", "quux", "foo", "manx", "foo"])
         end
 
         describe "given a string of keywords" do
           it "adds new keywords and existing keywords" do
-            _(node.kwattr_append("blargh", "foo jimmy\tjohnny").kwattr_values("blargh")).
-              must_equal(%w[foo bar baz bar foo quux foo manx foo jimmy johnny])
+            _(node.kwattr_append("blargh", "foo jimmy\tjohnny").kwattr_values("blargh"))
+              .must_equal(["foo", "bar", "baz", "bar", "foo", "quux", "foo", "manx", "foo", "jimmy", "johnny"])
           end
         end
 
         describe "given an array of keywords" do
           it "adds new keywords and existing keywords" do
-            _(node.kwattr_append("blargh", %w[foo jimmy]).kwattr_values("blargh")).
-              must_equal(%w[foo bar baz bar foo quux foo manx foo jimmy])
+            _(node.kwattr_append("blargh", ["foo", "jimmy"]).kwattr_values("blargh"))
+              .must_equal(["foo", "bar", "baz", "bar", "foo", "quux", "foo", "manx", "foo", "jimmy"])
           end
         end
       end
@@ -293,31 +295,31 @@ def test_remove_class
         end
 
         it "removes an existing bare keyword string" do
-          _(node.kwattr_remove("blargh", "foo").kwattr_values("blargh")).
-            must_equal(%w[bar baz bar quux manx])
+          _(node.kwattr_remove("blargh", "foo").kwattr_values("blargh"))
+            .must_equal(["bar", "baz", "bar", "quux", "manx"])
         end
 
         it "gracefully ignores a non-existent bare keyword string" do
-          _(node.kwattr_remove("blargh", "jimmy").kwattr_values("blargh")).
-            must_equal(%w[foo bar baz bar foo quux foo manx])
+          _(node.kwattr_remove("blargh", "jimmy").kwattr_values("blargh"))
+            .must_equal(["foo", "bar", "baz", "bar", "foo", "quux", "foo", "manx"])
         end
 
         describe "given a string of keywords" do
           it "removes existing keywords and ignores other keywords" do
-            _(node.kwattr_remove("blargh", "foo jimmy\tjohnny").kwattr_values("blargh")).
-              must_equal(%w[bar baz bar quux manx])
+            _(node.kwattr_remove("blargh", "foo jimmy\tjohnny").kwattr_values("blargh"))
+              .must_equal(["bar", "baz", "bar", "quux", "manx"])
           end
         end
 
         describe "given an array of keywords" do
           it "adds new keywords and existing keywords" do
-            _(node.kwattr_remove("blargh", %w[foo jimmy]).kwattr_values("blargh")).
-              must_equal(%w[bar baz bar quux manx])
+            _(node.kwattr_remove("blargh", ["foo", "jimmy"]).kwattr_values("blargh"))
+              .must_equal(["bar", "baz", "bar", "quux", "manx"])
           end
         end
 
         it "removes the attribute when no values are left" do
-          _(node.kwattr_remove("blargh", %w[foo bar baz bar foo quux foo manx]).get_attribute("blargh")).must_be_nil
+          _(node.kwattr_remove("blargh", ["foo", "bar", "baz", "bar", "foo", "quux", "foo", "manx"]).get_attribute("blargh")).must_be_nil
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/test/xml/node/test_save_options.rb b/test/xml/node/test_save_options.rb
index f79d46b597..d42e351cc7 100644
--- a/test/xml/node/test_save_options.rb
+++ b/test/xml/node/test_save_options.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -17,9 +19,9 @@ def test_predicate_#{constant.downcase}
 
         def test_default_xml_save_options
           if Nokogiri.jruby?
-            assert_equal 0, (SaveOptions::DEFAULT_XML & SaveOptions::FORMAT)
+            assert_equal(0, (SaveOptions::DEFAULT_XML & SaveOptions::FORMAT))
           else
-            assert_equal SaveOptions::FORMAT, (SaveOptions::DEFAULT_XML & SaveOptions::FORMAT)
+            assert_equal(SaveOptions::FORMAT, (SaveOptions::DEFAULT_XML & SaveOptions::FORMAT))
           end
         end
       end
diff --git a/test/xml/node/test_subclass.rb b/test/xml/node/test_subclass.rb
index 2b66dfdc41..235c255ae2 100644
--- a/test/xml/node/test_subclass.rb
+++ b/test/xml/node/test_subclass.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -5,17 +7,17 @@ module XML
     class Node
       class TestSubclass < Nokogiri::TestCase
         {
-          Nokogiri::XML::CDATA                  => 'doc, "foo"',
-          Nokogiri::XML::Attr                   => 'doc, "foo"',
-          Nokogiri::XML::Comment                => 'doc, "foo"',
-          Nokogiri::XML::EntityReference        => 'doc, "foo"',
-          Nokogiri::XML::ProcessingInstruction  => 'doc, "foo", "bar"',
-          Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment       => 'doc',
-          Nokogiri::XML::Node                   => '"foo", doc',
-          Nokogiri::XML::Text                   => '"foo", doc',
+          Nokogiri::XML::CDATA => 'doc, "foo"',
+          Nokogiri::XML::Attr => 'doc, "foo"',
+          Nokogiri::XML::Comment => 'doc, "foo"',
+          Nokogiri::XML::EntityReference => 'doc, "foo"',
+          Nokogiri::XML::ProcessingInstruction => 'doc, "foo", "bar"',
+          Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment => "doc",
+          Nokogiri::XML::Node => '"foo", doc',
+          Nokogiri::XML::Text => '"foo", doc',
         }.each do |klass, constructor|
           class_eval %{
-            def test_subclass_#{klass.name.gsub('::', '_')}
+            def test_subclass_#{klass.name.gsub("::", "_")}
               doc = Nokogiri::XML::Document.new
               klass = Class.new(#{klass.name})
               node = klass.new(#{constructor})
@@ -24,7 +26,7 @@ def test_subclass_#{klass.name.gsub('::', '_')}
           }
 
           class_eval <<-eocode, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
-            def test_subclass_initialize_#{klass.name.gsub('::', '_')}
+            def test_subclass_initialize_#{klass.name.gsub("::", "_")}
               doc = Nokogiri::XML::Document.new
               klass = Class.new(#{klass.name}) do
                 attr_accessor :initialized_with
diff --git a/test/xml/sax/test_document_error.rb b/test/xml/sax/test_document_error.rb
index cad616e9f7..c9d7e51213 100644
--- a/test/xml/sax/test_document_error.rb
+++ b/test/xml/sax/test_document_error.rb
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     module SAX
-
       # raises an exception when underlying parser
       # encounters an XML parsing error
       class ThrowingErrorDocument < Document
@@ -25,29 +26,18 @@ def errors
       end
 
       class TestErrorHandling < Nokogiri::SAX::TestCase
-        def setup
-          super
-          @error_parser = Parser.new(ThrowingErrorDocument.new)
-          @warning_parser = Parser.new(WarningErrorDocument.new)
-        end
-
         def test_error_throwing_document_raises_exception
-          begin
-            @error_parser.parse("<xml>") # no closing element
-            fail "#parse should not complete successfully when document #error throws exception"
-          rescue StandardError => e
-            assert_match(/parsing did not complete/, e.message)
+          error_parser = Parser.new(ThrowingErrorDocument.new)
+          e = assert_raises(StandardError) do
+            error_parser.parse("<xml>") # no closing element
           end
+          assert_match(/parsing did not complete/, e.message)
         end
 
         def test_warning_document_encounters_error_but_terminates_normally
-          begin
-            @warning_parser.parse("<xml>")
-            assert !@warning_parser.document.errors.empty?, "error collector did not collect an error"
-          rescue StandardError => e
-            warn(e)
-            fail '#parse should complete successfully unless document #error throws exception (#{e}'
-          end
+          warning_parser = Parser.new(WarningErrorDocument.new)
+          warning_parser.parse("<xml>")
+          refute_empty(warning_parser.document.errors, "error collector did not collect an error")
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/test/xml/sax/test_parser.rb b/test/xml/sax/test_parser.rb
index de078d6115..dc99d7c023 100644
--- a/test/xml/sax/test_parser.rb
+++ b/test/xml/sax/test_parser.rb
@@ -2,425 +2,472 @@
 
 require "helper"
 
-module Nokogiri
-  module XML
-    module SAX
-      class TestParser < Nokogiri::SAX::TestCase
-        def setup
-          super
-          @parser = XML::SAX::Parser.new(Doc.new)
-        end
-
-        def test_parser_context_yielded_io
-          doc = Doc.new
-          parser = XML::SAX::Parser.new(doc)
-          xml = "<foo a='&amp;b'/>"
-
-          block_called = false
-          parser.parse(StringIO.new(xml)) do |ctx|
-            block_called = true
-            ctx.replace_entities = true
-          end
-
-          assert(block_called)
-
-          assert_equal([["foo", [["a", "&b"]]]], doc.start_elements)
-        end
-
-        def test_parser_context_yielded_in_memory
-          doc = Doc.new
-          parser = XML::SAX::Parser.new(doc)
-          xml = "<foo a='&amp;b'/>"
-
-          block_called = false
-          parser.parse(xml) do |ctx|
-            block_called = true
-            ctx.replace_entities = true
-          end
-
-          assert(block_called)
-
-          assert_equal([["foo", [["a", "&b"]]]], doc.start_elements)
-        end
-
-        def test_empty_decl
-          parser = XML::SAX::Parser.new(Doc.new)
-
-          xml = "<root />"
-          parser.parse(xml)
-          assert(parser.document.start_document_called, xml)
-          assert_nil(parser.document.xmldecls, xml)
-        end
-
-        def test_xml_decl
-          [
-            ['<?xml version="1.0" ?>', ["1.0"]],
-            ['<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>', ["1.0", "UTF-8"]],
-            ['<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes"?>', ["1.0", "yes"]],
-            ['<?xml version="1.0" standalone="no"?>', ["1.0", "no"]],
-            ['<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>', ["1.0", "UTF-8", "no"]],
-            ['<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="yes"?>', ["1.0", "ISO-8859-1", "yes"]],
-          ].each do |decl, value|
-            parser = XML::SAX::Parser.new(Doc.new)
-
-            xml = "#{decl}\n<root />"
-            parser.parse(xml)
-            assert(parser.document.start_document_called, xml)
-            assert_equal(value, parser.document.xmldecls, xml)
-          end
-        end
-
-        def test_parse_empty
-          assert_raises(RuntimeError) do
-            @parser.parse("")
-          end
-        end
-
-        def test_namespace_declaration_order_is_saved
-          @parser.parse(<<~eoxml)
-            <root xmlns:foo='http://foo.example.com/' xmlns='http://example.com/'>
-              <a foo:bar='hello' />
-            </root>
-          eoxml
-          assert_equal(2, @parser.document.start_elements_namespace.length)
-          el = @parser.document.start_elements_namespace.first
-          namespaces = el.last
-          assert_equal(["foo", "http://foo.example.com/"], namespaces.first)
-          assert_equal([nil, "http://example.com/"], namespaces.last)
-        end
-
-        def test_bad_document_calls_error_handler
-          @parser.parse("<foo><bar></foo>")
-          assert(@parser.document.errors)
-          assert(@parser.document.errors.length > 0)
-        end
-
-        def test_namespace_are_super_fun_to_parse
-          @parser.parse(<<~eoxml)
-            <root xmlns:foo='http://foo.example.com/'>
-              <a foo:bar='hello' />
-              <b xmlns:foo='http://bar.example.com/'>
-                <a foo:bar='hello' />
-              </b>
-              <foo:bar>hello world</foo:bar>
-            </root>
-          eoxml
-
-          assert(@parser.document.start_elements_namespace.length > 0)
-          el = @parser.document.start_elements_namespace[1]
-          assert_equal("a", el.first)
-          assert_equal(1, el[1].length)
-
-          attribute = el[1].first
-          assert_equal("bar", attribute.localname)
-          assert_equal("foo", attribute.prefix)
-          assert_equal("hello", attribute.value)
-          assert_equal("http://foo.example.com/", attribute.uri)
-        end
-
-        def test_sax_v1_namespace_attribute_declarations
-          @parser.parse(<<~eoxml)
-            <root xmlns:foo='http://foo.example.com/' xmlns='http://example.com/'>
-              <a foo:bar='hello' />
-              <b xmlns:foo='http://bar.example.com/'>
-                <a foo:bar='hello' />
-              </b>
-              <foo:bar>hello world</foo:bar>
-            </root>
-          eoxml
-          assert(@parser.document.start_elements.length > 0)
-          elm = @parser.document.start_elements.first
-          assert_equal("root", elm.first)
-          assert(elm[1].include?(["xmlns:foo", "http://foo.example.com/"]))
-          assert(elm[1].include?(["xmlns", "http://example.com/"]))
-        end
-
-        def test_sax_v1_namespace_nodes
-          @parser.parse(<<~eoxml)
-            <root xmlns:foo='http://foo.example.com/' xmlns='http://example.com/'>
-              <a foo:bar='hello' />
-              <b xmlns:foo='http://bar.example.com/'>
-                <a foo:bar='hello' />
-              </b>
-              <foo:bar>hello world</foo:bar>
-            </root>
-          eoxml
-          assert_equal(5, @parser.document.start_elements.length)
-          assert(@parser.document.start_elements.map(&:first).include?("foo:bar"))
-          assert(@parser.document.end_elements.map(&:first).include?("foo:bar"))
-        end
-
-        def test_start_is_called_without_namespace
-          @parser.parse(<<~eoxml)
-            <root xmlns:foo='http://foo.example.com/' xmlns='http://example.com/'>
-            <foo:f><bar></foo:f>
-            </root>
-          eoxml
-          assert_equal(["root", "foo:f", "bar"],
-                       @parser.document.start_elements.map(&:first))
-        end
-
-        def test_parser_sets_encoding
-          parser = XML::SAX::Parser.new(Doc.new, "UTF-8")
-          assert_equal("UTF-8", parser.encoding)
-        end
-
-        def test_errors_set_after_parsing_bad_dom
-          doc = Nokogiri::XML("<foo><bar></foo>")
-          assert(doc.errors)
-
-          @parser.parse("<foo><bar></foo>")
-          assert(@parser.document.errors)
-          assert(@parser.document.errors.length > 0)
-
-          doc.errors.each do |error|
-            assert_equal("UTF-8", error.message.encoding.name)
-          end
-
-          # when using JRuby Nokogiri, more errors will be generated as the DOM
-          # parser continue to parse an ill formed document, while the sax parser
-          # will stop at the first error
-          unless Nokogiri.jruby?
-            assert_equal(doc.errors.length, @parser.document.errors.length)
-          end
-        end
-
-        def test_parse_with_memory_argument
-          @parser.parse(File.read(XML_FILE))
-          assert(@parser.document.cdata_blocks.length > 0)
-        end
-
-        def test_parse_with_io_argument
-          File.open(XML_FILE, "rb") do |f|
-            @parser.parse(f)
-          end
-          assert(@parser.document.cdata_blocks.length > 0)
-        end
-
-        def test_parse_io
-          call_parse_io_with_encoding("UTF-8")
-        end
-
-        # issue #828
-        def test_parse_io_lower_case_encoding
-          call_parse_io_with_encoding("utf-8")
-        end
-
-        def call_parse_io_with_encoding(encoding)
-          File.open(XML_FILE, "rb") do |f|
-            @parser.parse_io(f, encoding)
-          end
-          assert(@parser.document.cdata_blocks.length > 0)
-
-          called = false
-          @parser.document.start_elements.flatten.each do |thing|
-            assert_equal("UTF-8", thing.encoding.name)
-            called = true
-          end
-          assert(called)
-
-          called = false
-          @parser.document.end_elements.flatten.each do |thing|
-            assert_equal("UTF-8", thing.encoding.name)
-            called = true
-          end
-          assert(called)
-
-          called = false
-          @parser.document.data.each do |thing|
-            assert_equal("UTF-8", thing.encoding.name)
-            called = true
-          end
-          assert(called)
-
-          called = false
-          @parser.document.comments.flatten.each do |thing|
-            assert_equal("UTF-8", thing.encoding.name)
-            called = true
-          end
-          assert(called)
-
-          called = false
-          @parser.document.cdata_blocks.flatten.each do |thing|
-            assert_equal("UTF-8", thing.encoding.name)
-            called = true
-          end
-          assert(called)
-        end
-
-        def test_parse_file
-          @parser.parse_file(XML_FILE)
-
-          assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
-            @parser.parse_file(nil)
-          end
-
-          assert_raises(Errno::ENOENT) do
-            @parser.parse_file("")
-          end
-          assert_raises(Errno::EISDIR) do
-            @parser.parse_file(File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__)))
-          end
-        end
-
-        def test_render_parse_nil_param
-          assert_raises(ArgumentError) { @parser.parse_memory(nil) }
-        end
-
-        def test_bad_encoding_args
-          assert_raises(ArgumentError) { XML::SAX::Parser.new(Doc.new, "not an encoding") }
-          assert_raises(ArgumentError) { @parser.parse_io(StringIO.new("<root/>"), "not an encoding") }
-        end
-
-        def test_ctag
-          @parser.parse_memory(<<~eoxml)
-            <p id="asdfasdf">
-              <![CDATA[ This is a comment ]]>
-              Paragraph 1
-            </p>
-          eoxml
-          assert_equal([" This is a comment "], @parser.document.cdata_blocks)
-        end
-
-        def test_comment
-          @parser.parse_memory(<<~eoxml)
-            <p id="asdfasdf">
-              <!-- This is a comment -->
-              Paragraph 1
-            </p>
-          eoxml
-          assert_equal([" This is a comment "], @parser.document.comments)
-        end
-
-        def test_characters
-          @parser.parse_memory(<<~eoxml)
-            <p id="asdfasdf">Paragraph 1</p>
-          eoxml
-          assert_equal(["Paragraph 1"], @parser.document.data)
-        end
-
-        def test_end_document
-          @parser.parse_memory(<<~eoxml)
-            <p id="asdfasdf">Paragraph 1</p>
-          eoxml
-          assert(@parser.document.end_document_called)
-        end
-
-        def test_end_element
-          @parser.parse_memory(<<~eoxml)
-            <p id="asdfasdf">Paragraph 1</p>
-          eoxml
-          assert_equal([["p"]], @parser.document.end_elements)
-        end
-
-        def test_start_element_attrs
-          @parser.parse_memory(<<~eoxml)
-            <p id="asdfasdf">Paragraph 1</p>
-          eoxml
-          assert_equal([["p", [["id", "asdfasdf"]]]], @parser.document.start_elements)
-        end
-
-        def test_start_element_attrs_include_namespaces
-          @parser.parse_memory(<<~eoxml)
-            <p xmlns:foo='http://foo.example.com/'>Paragraph 1</p>
-          eoxml
-          assert_equal([["p", [["xmlns:foo", "http://foo.example.com/"]]]],
-                       @parser.document.start_elements)
-        end
-
-        def test_processing_instruction
-          @parser.parse_memory(<<~eoxml)
-            <?xml-stylesheet href="a.xsl" type="text/xsl"?>
-            <?xml version="1.0"?>
-          eoxml
-          assert_equal([["xml-stylesheet", 'href="a.xsl" type="text/xsl"']],
-                       @parser.document.processing_instructions)
-        end
-
-        def test_parse_document
-          skip_unless_libxml2("JRuby SAXParser only parses well-formed XML documents")
-          @parser.parse_memory(<<~eoxml)
-            <p>Paragraph 1</p>
-            <p>Paragraph 2</p>
-          eoxml
-        end
-
-        def test_parser_attributes
-          xml = <<~eoxml
-            <?xml version="1.0" ?><root><foo a="&amp;b" c="&gt;d" /></root>
-          eoxml
-
-          block_called = false
-          @parser.parse(xml) do |ctx|
-            block_called = true
-            ctx.replace_entities = true
-          end
-
-          assert(block_called)
-
-          assert_equal([["root", []], ["foo", [["a", "&b"], ["c", ">d"]]]], @parser.document.start_elements)
-        end
-
-        def test_recovery_from_incorrect_xml
-          xml = <<~eoxml
-            <?xml version="1.0" ?><Root><Data><?xml version='1.0'?><Item>hey</Item></Data><Data><Item>hey yourself</Item></Data></Root>
-          eoxml
-
-          block_called = false
-          @parser.parse(xml) do |ctx|
-            block_called = true
-            ctx.recovery = true
-          end
-
-          assert(block_called)
-
-          assert_equal([["Root", []], ["Data", []], ["Item", []], ["Data", []], ["Item", []]],
-                       @parser.document.start_elements)
-        end
-
-        def test_square_bracket_in_text # issue 1261
-          xml = <<~eoxml
-            <tu tuid="87dea04cf60af103ff09d1dba36ae820" segtype="block">
-              <prop type="x-smartling-string-variant">en:#:home_page:#:stories:#:[6]:#:name</prop>
-              <tuv xml:lang="en-US"><seg>Sandy S.</seg></tuv>
-            </tu>
-          eoxml
-          @parser.parse(xml)
-          assert_includes(@parser.document.data, "en:#:home_page:#:stories:#:[6]:#:name")
-        end
-
-        def test_large_cdata_is_handled
-          # see #2132 and https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/issues/200
-          skip("Upstream libxml2 <= 2.9.10 needs to be patched") if Nokogiri::VersionInfo.instance.libxml2_using_system?
-
-          template = <<~EOF
-            <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-            <soapenv:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:ns="http://example.com">
-               <soapenv:Header>
-                  <AuthHeader xsi:type="ns:vAuthHeader">
-                  <userName xsi:type="xsd:string">gorilla</userName>
-                  <password xsi:type="xsd:string">secret</password>
-                </AuthHeader>
-               </soapenv:Header>
-              <soapenv:Body>
-                <ns:checkToken soapenv:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">
-                  <checkToken xsi:type="xsd:string"><![CDATA[%s]]></checkToken>
-                </ns:checkToken>
-               </soapenv:Body>
-            </soapenv:Envelope>
-          EOF
-
-          factor = 10
-          huge_data = "a" * (1024 * 1024 * factor)
-          xml = StringIO.new(template % (huge_data))
-
-          handler = Nokogiri::SAX::TestCase::Doc.new
-          parser = Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser.new(handler)
-          parser.parse(xml)
-
-          assert_predicate(handler.errors, :empty?)
-        end
+class Nokogiri::SAX::TestCase
+  describe Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser do
+    let(:parser) { Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser.new(Doc.new) }
+
+    it :test_parser_context_yielded_io do
+      doc = Doc.new
+      parser = Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser.new(doc)
+      xml = "<foo a='&amp;b'/>"
+
+      block_called = false
+      parser.parse(StringIO.new(xml)) do |ctx|
+        block_called = true
+        ctx.replace_entities = true
       end
+
+      assert(block_called)
+
+      assert_equal([["foo", [["a", "&b"]]]], doc.start_elements)
+    end
+
+    it :test_parser_context_yielded_in_memory do
+      doc = Doc.new
+      parser = Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser.new(doc)
+      xml = "<foo a='&amp;b'/>"
+
+      block_called = false
+      parser.parse(xml) do |ctx|
+        block_called = true
+        ctx.replace_entities = true
+      end
+
+      assert(block_called)
+
+      assert_equal([["foo", [["a", "&b"]]]], doc.start_elements)
+    end
+
+    it :test_empty_decl do
+      parser = Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser.new(Doc.new)
+
+      xml = "<root />"
+      parser.parse(xml)
+      assert(parser.document.start_document_called)
+      assert_nil(parser.document.xmldecls)
+    end
+
+    it :test_xml_decl do
+      [
+        ['<?xml version="1.0" ?>', ["1.0"]],
+        ['<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>', ["1.0", "UTF-8"]],
+        ['<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes"?>', ["1.0", "yes"]],
+        ['<?xml version="1.0" standalone="no"?>', ["1.0", "no"]],
+        ['<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>', ["1.0", "UTF-8", "no"]],
+        ['<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="yes"?>', ["1.0", "ISO-8859-1", "yes"]],
+      ].each do |decl, value|
+        parser = Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser.new(Doc.new)
+
+        xml = "#{decl}\n<root />"
+        parser.parse(xml)
+        assert(parser.document.start_document_called)
+        assert_equal(value, parser.document.xmldecls)
+      end
+    end
+
+    it :test_parse_empty do
+      assert_raises(RuntimeError) do
+        parser.parse("")
+      end
+    end
+
+    it "handles invalid types gracefully" do
+      assert_raises(TypeError) { Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser.new.parse(0xcafecafe) }
+      assert_raises(TypeError) { Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser.new.parse_memory(0xcafecafe) }
+      assert_raises(TypeError) { Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser.new.parse_io(0xcafecafe) }
+    end
+
+    it :test_namespace_declaration_order_is_saved do
+      parser.parse(<<~EOF)
+        <root xmlns:foo='http://foo.example.com/' xmlns='http://example.com/'>
+          <a foo:bar='hello' />
+        </root>
+      EOF
+      assert_equal(2, parser.document.start_elements_namespace.length)
+      el = parser.document.start_elements_namespace.first
+      namespaces = el.last
+      assert_equal(["foo", "http://foo.example.com/"], namespaces.first)
+      assert_equal([nil, "http://example.com/"], namespaces.last)
+    end
+
+    it :test_bad_document_calls_error_handler do
+      parser.parse("<foo><bar></foo>")
+      assert(parser.document.errors)
+      refute_empty(parser.document.errors)
+    end
+
+    it :test_namespace_are_super_fun_to_parse do
+      parser.parse(<<~EOF)
+        <root xmlns:foo='http://foo.example.com/'>
+          <a foo:bar='hello' />
+          <b xmlns:foo='http://bar.example.com/'>
+            <a foo:bar='hello' />
+          </b>
+          <foo:bar>hello world</foo:bar>
+        </root>
+      EOF
+
+      refute_empty(parser.document.start_elements_namespace)
+      el = parser.document.start_elements_namespace[1]
+      assert_equal("a", el.first)
+      assert_equal(1, el[1].length)
+
+      attribute = el[1].first
+      assert_equal("bar", attribute.localname)
+      assert_equal("foo", attribute.prefix)
+      assert_equal("hello", attribute.value)
+      assert_equal("http://foo.example.com/", attribute.uri)
+    end
+
+    it :test_sax_v1_namespace_attribute_declarations do
+      parser.parse(<<~EOF)
+        <root xmlns:foo='http://foo.example.com/' xmlns='http://example.com/'>
+          <a foo:bar='hello' />
+          <b xmlns:foo='http://bar.example.com/'>
+            <a foo:bar='hello' />
+          </b>
+          <foo:bar>hello world</foo:bar>
+        </root>
+      EOF
+      refute_empty(parser.document.start_elements)
+      elm = parser.document.start_elements.first
+      assert_equal("root", elm.first)
+      assert_includes(elm[1], ["xmlns:foo", "http://foo.example.com/"])
+      assert_includes(elm[1], ["xmlns", "http://example.com/"])
+    end
+
+    it :test_sax_v1_namespace_nodes do
+      parser.parse(<<~EOF)
+        <root xmlns:foo='http://foo.example.com/' xmlns='http://example.com/'>
+          <a foo:bar='hello' />
+          <b xmlns:foo='http://bar.example.com/'>
+            <a foo:bar='hello' />
+          </b>
+          <foo:bar>hello world</foo:bar>
+        </root>
+      EOF
+      assert_equal(5, parser.document.start_elements.length)
+      assert_includes(parser.document.start_elements.map(&:first), "foo:bar")
+      assert_includes(parser.document.end_elements.map(&:first), "foo:bar")
+    end
+
+    it :test_start_is_called_without_namespace do
+      parser.parse(<<~EOF)
+        <root xmlns:foo='http://foo.example.com/' xmlns='http://example.com/'>
+        <foo:f><bar></foo:f>
+        </root>
+      EOF
+      assert_equal(
+        ["root", "foo:f", "bar"],
+        parser.document.start_elements.map(&:first)
+      )
+    end
+
+    it :test_parser_sets_encoding do
+      parser = Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser.new(Doc.new, "UTF-8")
+      assert_equal("UTF-8", parser.encoding)
+    end
+
+    it :test_errors_set_after_parsing_bad_dom do
+      doc = Nokogiri::XML("<foo><bar></foo>")
+      assert(doc.errors)
+
+      parser.parse("<foo><bar></foo>")
+      assert(parser.document.errors)
+      refute_empty(parser.document.errors)
+
+      doc.errors.each do |error|
+        assert_equal("UTF-8", error.message.encoding.name)
+      end
+
+      # when using JRuby Nokogiri, more errors will be generated as the DOM
+      # parser continue to parse an ill formed document, while the sax parser
+      # will stop at the first error
+      unless Nokogiri.jruby?
+        assert_equal(doc.errors.length, parser.document.errors.length)
+      end
+    end
+
+    it :test_parse_with_memory_argument do
+      parser.parse(File.read(XML_FILE))
+      refute_empty(parser.document.cdata_blocks)
+    end
+
+    it :test_parse_with_io_argument do
+      File.open(XML_FILE, "rb") do |f|
+        parser.parse(f)
+      end
+      refute_empty(parser.document.cdata_blocks)
+    end
+
+    it :test_parse_io do
+      call_parse_io_with_encoding("UTF-8")
+    end
+
+    # issue #828
+    it :test_parse_io_lower_case_encoding do
+      call_parse_io_with_encoding("utf-8")
+    end
+
+    def call_parse_io_with_encoding(encoding)
+      File.open(XML_FILE, "rb") do |f|
+        parser.parse_io(f, encoding)
+      end
+      refute_empty(parser.document.cdata_blocks)
+
+      called = false
+      parser.document.start_elements.flatten.each do |thing|
+        assert_equal("UTF-8", thing.encoding.name)
+        called = true
+      end
+      assert(called)
+
+      called = false
+      parser.document.end_elements.flatten.each do |thing|
+        assert_equal("UTF-8", thing.encoding.name)
+        called = true
+      end
+      assert(called)
+
+      called = false
+      parser.document.data.each do |thing|
+        assert_equal("UTF-8", thing.encoding.name)
+        called = true
+      end
+      assert(called)
+
+      called = false
+      parser.document.comments.flatten.each do |thing|
+        assert_equal("UTF-8", thing.encoding.name)
+        called = true
+      end
+      assert(called)
+
+      called = false
+      parser.document.cdata_blocks.flatten.each do |thing|
+        assert_equal("UTF-8", thing.encoding.name)
+        called = true
+      end
+      assert(called)
+    end
+
+    it :test_parse_file do
+      parser.parse_file(XML_FILE)
+
+      assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+        parser.parse_file(nil)
+      end
+
+      assert_raises(Errno::ENOENT) do
+        parser.parse_file("")
+      end
+      assert_raises(Errno::EISDIR) do
+        parser.parse_file(File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__)))
+      end
+    end
+
+    it :test_render_parse_nil_param do
+      assert_raises(TypeError) { parser.parse_memory(nil) }
+    end
+
+    it :test_bad_encoding_args do
+      assert_raises(ArgumentError) { Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser.new(Doc.new, "not an encoding") }
+      assert_raises(ArgumentError) { parser.parse_io(StringIO.new("<root/>"), "not an encoding") }
+    end
+
+    it :test_ctag do
+      parser.parse_memory(<<~EOF)
+        <p id="asdfasdf">
+          <![CDATA[ This is a comment ]]>
+          Paragraph 1
+        </p>
+      EOF
+      assert_equal([" This is a comment "], parser.document.cdata_blocks)
+    end
+
+    it :test_comment do
+      parser.parse_memory(<<~EOF)
+        <p id="asdfasdf">
+          <!-- This is a comment -->
+          Paragraph 1
+        </p>
+      EOF
+      assert_equal([" This is a comment "], parser.document.comments)
+    end
+
+    it :test_characters do
+      parser.parse_memory(<<~EOF)
+        <p id="asdfasdf">Paragraph 1</p>
+      EOF
+      assert_equal(["Paragraph 1"], parser.document.data)
+    end
+
+    it :test_end_document do
+      parser.parse_memory(<<~EOF)
+        <p id="asdfasdf">Paragraph 1</p>
+      EOF
+      assert(parser.document.end_document_called)
+    end
+
+    it :test_end_element do
+      parser.parse_memory(<<~EOF)
+        <p id="asdfasdf">Paragraph 1</p>
+      EOF
+      assert_equal([["p"]], parser.document.end_elements)
+    end
+
+    it :test_start_element_attrs do
+      parser.parse_memory(<<~EOF)
+        <p id="asdfasdf">Paragraph 1</p>
+      EOF
+      assert_equal([["p", [["id", "asdfasdf"]]]], parser.document.start_elements)
+    end
+
+    it :test_start_element_attrs_include_namespaces do
+      parser.parse_memory(<<~EOF)
+        <p xmlns:foo='http://foo.example.com/'>Paragraph 1</p>
+      EOF
+      assert_equal(
+        [["p", [["xmlns:foo", "http://foo.example.com/"]]]],
+        parser.document.start_elements
+      )
+    end
+
+    it :test_processing_instruction do
+      parser.parse_memory(<<~EOF)
+        <?xml-stylesheet href="a.xsl" type="text/xsl"?>
+        <?xml version="1.0"?>
+      EOF
+      assert_equal(
+        [["xml-stylesheet", 'href="a.xsl" type="text/xsl"']],
+        parser.document.processing_instructions
+      )
+    end
+
+    it :test_parse_document do
+      skip_unless_libxml2("JRuby SAXParser only parses well-formed XML documents")
+      parser.parse_memory(<<~EOF)
+        <p>Paragraph 1</p>
+        <p>Paragraph 2</p>
+      EOF
+    end
+
+    it :test_parser_attributes do
+      xml = <<~EOF
+        <?xml version="1.0" ?><root><foo a="&amp;b" c="&gt;d" /></root>
+      EOF
+
+      block_called = false
+      parser.parse(xml) do |ctx|
+        block_called = true
+        ctx.replace_entities = true
+      end
+
+      assert(block_called)
+
+      assert_equal(
+        [["root", []], ["foo", [["a", "&b"], ["c", ">d"]]]], parser.document.start_elements
+      )
+    end
+
+    it :test_recovery_from_incorrect_xml do
+      xml = <<~EOF
+        <?xml version="1.0" ?><Root><Data><?xml version='1.0'?><Item>hey</Item></Data><Data><Item>hey yourself</Item></Data></Root>
+      EOF
+
+      block_called = false
+      parser.parse(xml) do |ctx|
+        block_called = true
+        ctx.recovery = true
+      end
+
+      assert(block_called)
+
+      assert_equal(
+        [["Root", []], ["Data", []], ["Item", []], ["Data", []], ["Item", []]],
+        parser.document.start_elements
+      )
+    end
+
+    it :test_square_bracket_in_text do
+      # issue 1261
+      xml = <<~EOF
+        <tu tuid="87dea04cf60af103ff09d1dba36ae820" segtype="block">
+          <prop type="x-smartling-string-variant">en:#:home_page:#:stories:#:[6]:#:name</prop>
+          <tuv xml:lang="en-US"><seg>Sandy S.</seg></tuv>
+        </tu>
+      EOF
+      parser.parse(xml)
+      assert_includes(parser.document.data, "en:#:home_page:#:stories:#:[6]:#:name")
+    end
+
+    it :test_large_cdata_is_handled do
+      skip("see #2132 and https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/issues/200") if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?("<=2.9.10")
+
+      template = <<~EOF
+        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+        <soapenv:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:ns="http://example.com">
+           <soapenv:Header>
+              <AuthHeader xsi:type="ns:vAuthHeader">
+              <userName xsi:type="xsd:string">gorilla</userName>
+              <password xsi:type="xsd:string">secret</password>
+            </AuthHeader>
+           </soapenv:Header>
+          <soapenv:Body>
+            <ns:checkToken soapenv:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">
+              <checkToken xsi:type="xsd:string"><![CDATA[%s]]></checkToken>
+            </ns:checkToken>
+           </soapenv:Body>
+        </soapenv:Envelope>
+      EOF
+
+      factor = 10
+      huge_data = "a" * (1024 * 1024 * factor)
+      xml = StringIO.new(template % huge_data)
+
+      handler = Nokogiri::SAX::TestCase::Doc.new
+      parser = Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser.new(handler)
+      parser.parse(xml)
+
+      if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?(">=2.10.3")
+        # CVE-2022-40303 https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/commit/c846986
+        assert_match(/CData section too big/, handler.errors.first)
+      else
+        assert_predicate(handler.errors, :empty?)
+      end
+    end
+
+    it "does not resolve entities by default" do
+      xml = <<~EOF
+        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+        <!DOCTYPE doc [
+          <!ENTITY local SYSTEM "file:///#{File.expand_path(__FILE__)}">
+          <!ENTITY custom "resolved>
+        ]>
+        <doc><foo>&local;</foo><foo>&custom;</foo></doc>
+      EOF
+
+      doc = Doc.new
+      parser = Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser.new(doc)
+      parser.parse(xml)
+
+      assert_nil(doc.data)
+    end
+
+    it "does not resolve network external entities by default" do
+      xml = <<~EOF
+        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+        <!DOCTYPE doc [
+          <!ENTITY remote SYSTEM "http://0.0.0.0:8080/evil.dtd">
+        ]>
+        <doc><foo>&remote;</foo></doc>
+      EOF
+
+      doc = Doc.new
+      parser = Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parser.new(doc)
+      parser.parse(xml)
+
+      assert_nil(doc.data)
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/xml/sax/test_parser_context.rb b/test/xml/sax/test_parser_context.rb
index d50b0287af..ba98579439 100644
--- a/test/xml/sax/test_parser_context.rb
+++ b/test/xml/sax/test_parser_context.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
 require "helper"
 
@@ -8,26 +9,30 @@ module SAX
       class TestParserContext < Nokogiri::SAX::TestCase
         def setup
           super
-          @xml = '<hello>
+          @xml = <<~EOF
+            <hello>
 
-world
-<inter>
-    <net>
-    </net>
-</inter>
+            world
+            <inter>
+                <net>
+                </net>
+            </inter>
 
-</hello>'
+            </hello>
+          EOF
         end
 
         class Counter < Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Document
           attr_accessor :context, :lines, :columns
+
           def initialize
+            super
             @context = nil
             @lines   = []
             @columns = []
           end
 
-          def start_element name, attrs = []
+          def start_element(name, attrs = [])
             @lines << [name, context.line]
             @columns << [name, context.column]
           end
@@ -41,8 +46,8 @@ def test_line_numbers
             sax_handler.context = ctx
           end
 
-          assert_equal [["hello", 1], ["inter", 4], ["net", 5]],
-            sax_handler.lines
+          assert_equal([["hello", 1], ["inter", 4], ["net", 5]],
+            sax_handler.lines)
         end
 
         def test_column_numbers
@@ -53,62 +58,69 @@ def test_column_numbers
             sax_handler.context = ctx
           end
 
-          assert_equal [["hello", 7], ["inter", 7], ["net", 9]],
-            sax_handler.columns
+          assert_equal([["hello", 7], ["inter", 7], ["net", 9]],
+            sax_handler.columns)
         end
 
         def test_replace_entities
-          pc = ParserContext.new StringIO.new('<root />'), 'UTF-8'
+          pc = ParserContext.new(StringIO.new("<root />"), "UTF-8")
           pc.replace_entities = false
-          assert_equal false, pc.replace_entities
+          refute(pc.replace_entities)
 
           pc.replace_entities = true
-          assert_equal true, pc.replace_entities
+          assert(pc.replace_entities)
         end
 
         def test_recovery
-          pc = ParserContext.new StringIO.new('<root />'), 'UTF-8'
+          pc = ParserContext.new(StringIO.new("<root />"), "UTF-8")
           pc.recovery = false
-          assert_equal false, pc.recovery
+          refute(pc.recovery)
 
           pc.recovery = true
-          assert_equal true, pc.recovery
+          assert(pc.recovery)
+        end
+
+        def test_graceful_handling_of_invalid_types
+          assert_raises(TypeError) { ParserContext.new(0xcafecafe) }
+          assert_raises(TypeError) { ParserContext.memory(0xcafecafe) }
+          assert_raises(TypeError) { ParserContext.io(0xcafecafe, 1) }
+          assert_raises(TypeError) { ParserContext.io(StringIO.new("asdf"), "should be an index into ENCODINGS") }
         end
 
         def test_from_io
-          ctx = ParserContext.new StringIO.new('fo'), 'UTF-8'
-          assert ctx
+          ctx = ParserContext.new(StringIO.new("fo"), "UTF-8")
+          assert(ctx)
         end
 
         def test_from_string
-          assert ParserContext.new 'blah blah'
+          assert(ParserContext.new("blah blah"))
         end
 
         def test_parse_with
-          ctx = ParserContext.new 'blah'
-          assert_raises ArgumentError do
-            ctx.parse_with nil
+          ctx = ParserContext.new("blah")
+          assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+            ctx.parse_with(nil)
           end
         end
 
         def test_parse_with_sax_parser
           xml = "<root />"
-          ctx = ParserContext.new xml
-          parser = Parser.new Doc.new
-          assert_nil ctx.parse_with parser
+          ctx = ParserContext.new(xml)
+          parser = Parser.new(Doc.new)
+          assert_nil(ctx.parse_with(parser))
         end
 
         def test_from_file
-          ctx = ParserContext.file XML_FILE
-          parser = Parser.new Doc.new
-          assert_nil ctx.parse_with parser
+          ctx = ParserContext.file(XML_FILE)
+          parser = Parser.new(Doc.new)
+          assert_nil(ctx.parse_with(parser))
         end
 
         def test_parse_with_returns_nil
           xml = "<root />"
-          ctx = ParserContext.new xml
-          parser = Parser.new Doc.new
-          assert_nil ctx.parse_with(parser)
+          ctx = ParserContext.new(xml)
+          parser = Parser.new(Doc.new)
+          assert_nil(ctx.parse_with(parser))
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/test/xml/sax/test_parser_text.rb b/test/xml/sax/test_parser_text.rb
index a1c56eeec6..223a3fe317 100644
--- a/test/xml/sax/test_parser_text.rb
+++ b/test/xml/sax/test_parser_text.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -8,191 +10,191 @@ class TestParserText < Nokogiri::SAX::TestCase
         def setup
           super
           @doc    = DocWithOrderedItems.new
-          @parser = XML::SAX::Parser.new @doc
+          @parser = XML::SAX::Parser.new(@doc)
         end
 
         def test_texts_order
-          xml = <<-eoxml
-<?xml version="1.0" ?>
-<root>
-  text 0
-  <p>
-    text 1
-    <span>text 2</span>
-    text 3
-  </p>
-
-  text 4
-  <!--
-  text 5
-  -->
-
-  <p>
-    <!-- text 6 -->
-    <span><!-- text 7 --></span>
-    <!-- text 8 -->
-  </p>
-
-  <!-- text 9 -->
-  <![CDATA[ text 10 ]]>
-
-  <p>
-    <![CDATA[ text 11 ]]>
-    <span><![CDATA[ text 12 ]]></span>
-    <![CDATA[ text 13 ]]>
-  </p>
-</root>
+          xml = <<~eoxml
+            <?xml version="1.0" ?>
+            <root>
+              text 0
+              <p>
+                text 1
+                <span>text 2</span>
+                text 3
+              </p>
+
+              text 4
+              <!--
+              text 5
+              -->
+
+              <p>
+                <!-- text 6 -->
+                <span><!-- text 7 --></span>
+                <!-- text 8 -->
+              </p>
+
+              <!-- text 9 -->
+              <![CDATA[ text 10 ]]>
+
+              <p>
+                <![CDATA[ text 11 ]]>
+                <span><![CDATA[ text 12 ]]></span>
+                <![CDATA[ text 13 ]]>
+              </p>
+            </root>
           eoxml
 
-          @parser.parse xml
-          items = @doc.items.get_root_content "root"
-          items = items.select_methods [
+          @parser.parse(xml)
+          items = @doc.items.get_root_content("root")
+          items = items.select_methods([
             :start_element, :end_element,
-            :characters, :comment, :cdata_block
-          ]
-          items.strip_text! [:characters, :comment, :cdata_block]
+            :characters, :comment, :cdata_block,
+          ])
+          items.strip_text!([:characters, :comment, :cdata_block])
 
-          assert_equal [
-            [:characters, 'text 0'],
+          assert_equal([
+            [:characters, "text 0"],
 
-            [:start_element, 'p', []],
-            [:characters, 'text 1'],
+            [:start_element, "p", []],
+            [:characters, "text 1"],
 
-            [:start_element, 'span', []],
-            [:characters, 'text 2'],
-            [:end_element, 'span'],
+            [:start_element, "span", []],
+            [:characters, "text 2"],
+            [:end_element, "span"],
 
-            [:characters, 'text 3'],
-            [:end_element, 'p'],
+            [:characters, "text 3"],
+            [:end_element, "p"],
 
-            [:characters, 'text 4'],
-            [:comment, 'text 5'],
-            [:characters, ''],
+            [:characters, "text 4"],
+            [:comment, "text 5"],
+            [:characters, ""],
 
-            [:start_element, 'p', []],
-            [:characters, ''],
-            [:comment, 'text 6'],
-            [:characters, ''],
+            [:start_element, "p", []],
+            [:characters, ""],
+            [:comment, "text 6"],
+            [:characters, ""],
 
-            [:start_element, 'span', []],
-            [:comment, 'text 7'],
-            [:end_element, 'span'],
-            [:characters, ''],
+            [:start_element, "span", []],
+            [:comment, "text 7"],
+            [:end_element, "span"],
+            [:characters, ""],
 
-            [:comment, 'text 8'],
-            [:characters, ''],
-            [:end_element, 'p'],
-            [:characters, ''],
+            [:comment, "text 8"],
+            [:characters, ""],
+            [:end_element, "p"],
+            [:characters, ""],
 
-            [:comment, 'text 9'],
-            [:characters, ''],
-            [:cdata_block, 'text 10'],
-            [:characters, ''],
+            [:comment, "text 9"],
+            [:characters, ""],
+            [:cdata_block, "text 10"],
+            [:characters, ""],
 
-            [:start_element, 'p', []],
-            [:characters, ''],
-            [:cdata_block, 'text 11'],
-            [:characters, ''],
+            [:start_element, "p", []],
+            [:characters, ""],
+            [:cdata_block, "text 11"],
+            [:characters, ""],
 
-            [:start_element, 'span', []],
-            [:cdata_block, 'text 12'],
-            [:end_element, 'span'],
-            [:characters, ''],
+            [:start_element, "span", []],
+            [:cdata_block, "text 12"],
+            [:end_element, "span"],
+            [:characters, ""],
 
-            [:cdata_block, 'text 13'],
-            [:characters, ''],
+            [:cdata_block, "text 13"],
+            [:characters, ""],
 
-            [:end_element, 'p'],
-            [:characters, '']
-          ], items
+            [:end_element, "p"],
+            [:characters, ""],
+          ], items)
 
           nil
         end
 
         def text_whitespace
-          xml = <<-eoxml
-<?xml version="1.0" ?>
-<root>
-  <p>
-    <span></span>
-    <span> </span>
-    <span>
-
-    </span>
-  </p>
-  <p>
-    <!---->
-    <!-- -->
-    <!--
-
-    -->
-  </p>
-  <p>
-    <![CDATA[]]>
-    <![CDATA[ ]]>
-    <![CDATA[
-
-    ]]>
-  </p>
-</root>
+          xml = <<~eoxml
+            <?xml version="1.0" ?>
+            <root>
+              <p>
+                <span></span>
+                <span> </span>
+                <span>
+
+                </span>
+              </p>
+              <p>
+                <!---->
+                <!-- -->
+                <!--
+
+                -->
+              </p>
+              <p>
+                <![CDATA[]]>
+                <![CDATA[ ]]>
+                <![CDATA[
+
+                ]]>
+              </p>
+            </root>
           eoxml
 
-          @parser.parse xml
-          items = @doc.items.get_root_content "root"
-          items = items.select_methods [
+          @parser.parse(xml)
+          items = @doc.items.get_root_content("root")
+          items = items.select_methods([
             :start_element, :end_element,
-            :characters, :comment, :cdata_block
-          ]
-          items.strip_text! [:characters, :comment, :cdata_block]
-
-          assert_equal [
-            [:characters, ''],
-            [:start_element, 'p', []],
-
-            [:characters, ''],
-            [:start_element, 'span', []],
-            [:end_element, 'span'],
-            [:characters, ''],
-
-            [:start_element, 'span', []],
-            [:characters, ''],
-            [:end_element, 'span'],
-            [:characters, ''],
-
-            [:start_element, 'span', []],
-            [:characters, ''],
-            [:end_element, 'span'],
-            [:characters, ''],
-
-            [:end_element, 'p'],
-            [:characters, ''],
-
-            [:start_element, 'p', []],
-            [:characters, ''],
-
-            [:comment, ''],
-            [:characters, ''],
-            [:comment, ''],
-            [:characters, ''],
-            [:comment, ''],
-            [:characters, ''],
-
-            [:end_element, 'p'],
-            [:characters, ''],
-
-            [:start_element, 'p', []],
-            [:characters, ''],
-
-            [:cdata_block, ''],
-            [:characters, ''],
-            [:cdata_block, ''],
-            [:characters, ''],
-            [:cdata_block, ''],
-            [:characters, ''],
-
-            [:end_element, 'p'],
-            [:characters, '']
-          ], items
+            :characters, :comment, :cdata_block,
+          ])
+          items.strip_text!([:characters, :comment, :cdata_block])
+
+          assert_equal([
+            [:characters, ""],
+            [:start_element, "p", []],
+
+            [:characters, ""],
+            [:start_element, "span", []],
+            [:end_element, "span"],
+            [:characters, ""],
+
+            [:start_element, "span", []],
+            [:characters, ""],
+            [:end_element, "span"],
+            [:characters, ""],
+
+            [:start_element, "span", []],
+            [:characters, ""],
+            [:end_element, "span"],
+            [:characters, ""],
+
+            [:end_element, "p"],
+            [:characters, ""],
+
+            [:start_element, "p", []],
+            [:characters, ""],
+
+            [:comment, ""],
+            [:characters, ""],
+            [:comment, ""],
+            [:characters, ""],
+            [:comment, ""],
+            [:characters, ""],
+
+            [:end_element, "p"],
+            [:characters, ""],
+
+            [:start_element, "p", []],
+            [:characters, ""],
+
+            [:cdata_block, ""],
+            [:characters, ""],
+            [:cdata_block, ""],
+            [:characters, ""],
+            [:cdata_block, ""],
+            [:characters, ""],
+
+            [:end_element, "p"],
+            [:characters, ""],
+          ], items)
 
           nil
         end
diff --git a/test/xml/sax/test_push_parser.rb b/test/xml/sax/test_push_parser.rb
index 587bd54a1a..62bf3d8920 100644
--- a/test/xml/sax/test_push_parser.rb
+++ b/test/xml/sax/test_push_parser.rb
@@ -1,266 +1,243 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
 require "helper"
 
-module Nokogiri
-  module XML
-    module SAX
-      class TestPushParser < Nokogiri::SAX::TestCase
-        def setup
-          super
-          @parser = XML::SAX::PushParser.new(Doc.new)
-        end
-
-        def test_exception
-          assert_raises(SyntaxError) do
-            @parser << "<foo /><foo />"
-          end
-
-          assert_raises(SyntaxError) do
-            @parser << nil
-          end
-        end
+class Nokogiri::SAX::TestCase
+  describe Nokogiri::XML::SAX::PushParser do
+    let(:parser) { Nokogiri::XML::SAX::PushParser.new(Doc.new) }
 
-        def test_early_finish
-          @parser << "<foo>"
-          assert_raises(SyntaxError) do
-            @parser.finish
-          end
-        end
+    it :test_exception do
+      assert_raises(Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError) do
+        parser << "<foo /><foo />"
+      end
 
-        def test_write_last_chunk
-          @parser << "<foo>"
-          @parser.write "</foo>", true
-          assert_equal [["foo", []]], @parser.document.start_elements
-          assert_equal [["foo"]], @parser.document.end_elements
-        end
+      assert_raises(Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError) do
+        parser << nil
+      end
+    end
 
-        def test_empty_doc
-          @parser.options |= XML::ParseOptions::RECOVER
-          @parser.write "", true
-          assert_nil @parser.document.start_elements
-          assert_nil @parser.document.end_elements
-        end
+    it :test_early_finish do
+      parser << "<foo>"
+      assert_raises(Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError) do
+        parser.finish
+      end
+    end
 
+    it :test_write_last_chunk do
+      parser << "<foo>"
+      parser.write("</foo>", true)
+      assert_equal [["foo", []]], parser.document.start_elements
+      assert_equal [["foo"]], parser.document.end_elements
+    end
 
-        def test_finish_should_rethrow_last_error
-          begin
-            @parser << "</foo>"
-          rescue => e
-            expected = e
-          end
+    it :test_empty_doc do
+      parser.options |= Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::RECOVER
+      parser.write("", true)
+      assert_nil parser.document.start_elements
+      assert_nil parser.document.end_elements
+    end
 
-          begin
-            @parser.finish
-          rescue => e
-            actual = e
-          end
+    it :test_finish_should_rethrow_last_error do
+      expected = assert_raises(Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError) { parser << "</foo>" }
+      actual = assert_raises(Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError) { parser.finish }
+      assert_equal actual.message, expected.message
+    end
 
-          assert_equal actual.message, expected.message
+    it :test_should_throw_error_returned_by_document do
+      doc = Doc.new
+      class << doc
+        def error(msg)
+          raise "parse error"
         end
+      end
+      parser = Nokogiri::XML::SAX::PushParser.new(doc)
 
-        def test_should_throw_error_returned_by_document
-          doc = Doc.new
-          class << doc
-            def error msg
-              raise "parse error"
-            end
-          end
-
-          @parser = XML::SAX::PushParser.new(doc)
-          begin
-            @parser << "</foo>"
-          rescue => e
-            actual = e
-          end
-          fail 'PushParser should throw error when fed ill-formed data' if actual.nil?
-
-          assert_equal actual.message, "parse error"
-        end
+      exception = assert_raises(RuntimeError) { parser << "</foo>" }
+      assert_equal("parse error", exception.message)
+    end
 
-        def test_writing_nil
-          assert_equal @parser.write(nil), @parser
-        end
+    it :test_writing_nil do
+      assert_equal parser.write(nil), parser
+    end
 
-        def test_end_document_called
-          @parser.<<(<<-eoxml)
-            <p id="asdfasdf">
-              <!-- This is a comment -->
-              Paragraph 1
-            </p>
-          eoxml
-          assert ! @parser.document.end_document_called
-          @parser.finish
-          assert @parser.document.end_document_called
-        end
+    it :test_end_document_called do
+      parser.<<(<<~EOF)
+        <p id="asdfasdf">
+          <!-- This is a comment -->
+          Paragraph 1
+        </p>
+      EOF
+      refute parser.document.end_document_called
+      parser.finish
+      assert parser.document.end_document_called
+    end
 
-        def test_start_element
-          @parser.<<(<<-eoxml)
-            <p id="asdfasdf">
-          eoxml
-
-          assert_equal [["p", [["id", "asdfasdf"]]]],
-            @parser.document.start_elements
-
-          @parser.<<(<<-eoxml)
-              <!-- This is a comment -->
-              Paragraph 1
-            </p>
-          eoxml
-          assert_equal [' This is a comment '], @parser.document.comments
-          @parser.finish
-        end
+    it :test_start_element do
+      parser.<<(<<~EOF)
+        <p id="asdfasdf">
+      EOF
+
+      assert_equal [["p", [["id", "asdfasdf"]]]],
+        parser.document.start_elements
+
+      parser.<<(<<~EOF)
+          <!-- This is a comment -->
+          Paragraph 1
+        </p>
+      EOF
+      assert_equal [" This is a comment "], parser.document.comments
+      parser.finish
+    end
 
-        def test_start_element_with_namespaces
-          @parser.<<(<<-eoxml)
-            <p xmlns:foo="http://foo.example.com/">
-          eoxml
-
-          assert_equal [["p", [["xmlns:foo", "http://foo.example.com/"]]]],
-            @parser.document.start_elements
-
-          @parser.<<(<<-eoxml)
-              <!-- This is a comment -->
-              Paragraph 1
-            </p>
-          eoxml
-          assert_equal [' This is a comment '], @parser.document.comments
-          @parser.finish
-        end
+    it :test_start_element_with_namespaces do
+      parser.<<(<<~EOF)
+        <p xmlns:foo="http://foo.example.com/">
+      EOF
+
+      assert_equal [["p", [["xmlns:foo", "http://foo.example.com/"]]]],
+        parser.document.start_elements
+
+      parser.<<(<<~EOF)
+          <!-- This is a comment -->
+          Paragraph 1
+        </p>
+      EOF
+      assert_equal [" This is a comment "], parser.document.comments
+      parser.finish
+    end
 
-        def test_start_element_ns
-          @parser.<<(<<-eoxml)
-            <stream:stream xmlns='jabber:client' xmlns:stream='http://etherx.jabber.org/streams' version='1.0' size='large'></stream:stream>
-          eoxml
+    it :test_start_element_ns do
+      parser.<<(<<~EOF)
+        <stream:stream xmlns='jabber:client' xmlns:stream='http://etherx.jabber.org/streams' version='1.0' size='large'></stream:stream>
+      EOF
 
-          assert_equal 1, @parser.document.start_elements_namespace.length
-          el = @parser.document.start_elements_namespace.first
+      assert_equal 1, parser.document.start_elements_namespace.length
+      el = parser.document.start_elements_namespace.first
 
-          assert_equal 'stream', el.first
-          assert_equal 2, el[1].length
-          assert_equal [['version', '1.0'], ['size', 'large']],
-            el[1].map { |x| [x.localname, x.value] }
+      assert_equal "stream", el.first
+      assert_equal 2, el[1].length
+      assert_equal [["version", "1.0"], ["size", "large"]],
+        el[1].map { |x| [x.localname, x.value] }
 
-          assert_equal 'stream', el[2]
-          assert_equal 'http://etherx.jabber.org/streams', el[3]
-          @parser.finish
-        end
+      assert_equal "stream", el[2]
+      assert_equal "http://etherx.jabber.org/streams", el[3]
+      parser.finish
+    end
 
-        def test_end_element_ns
-          @parser.<<(<<-eoxml)
-            <stream:stream xmlns='jabber:client' xmlns:stream='http://etherx.jabber.org/streams' version='1.0'></stream:stream>
-          eoxml
+    it :test_end_element_ns do
+      parser.<<(<<~EOF)
+        <stream:stream xmlns='jabber:client' xmlns:stream='http://etherx.jabber.org/streams' version='1.0'></stream:stream>
+      EOF
 
-          assert_equal [['stream', 'stream', 'http://etherx.jabber.org/streams']],
-            @parser.document.end_elements_namespace
-          @parser.finish
-        end
+      assert_equal [["stream", "stream", "http://etherx.jabber.org/streams"]],
+        parser.document.end_elements_namespace
+      parser.finish
+    end
 
-        def test_chevron_partial_xml
-          @parser.<<(<<-eoxml)
-            <p id="asdfasdf">
-          eoxml
-
-          @parser.<<(<<-eoxml)
-              <!-- This is a comment -->
-              Paragraph 1
-            </p>
-          eoxml
-          assert_equal [' This is a comment '], @parser.document.comments
-          @parser.finish
-        end
+    it :test_chevron_partial_xml do
+      parser.<<(<<~EOF)
+        <p id="asdfasdf">
+      EOF
+
+      parser.<<(<<~EOF)
+          <!-- This is a comment -->
+          Paragraph 1
+        </p>
+      EOF
+      assert_equal [" This is a comment "], parser.document.comments
+      parser.finish
+    end
 
-        def test_chevron
-          @parser.<<(<<-eoxml)
-            <p id="asdfasdf">
-              <!-- This is a comment -->
-              Paragraph 1
-            </p>
-          eoxml
-          @parser.finish
-          assert_equal [' This is a comment '], @parser.document.comments
-        end
+    it :test_chevron do
+      parser.<<(<<~EOF)
+        <p id="asdfasdf">
+          <!-- This is a comment -->
+          Paragraph 1
+        </p>
+      EOF
+      parser.finish
+      assert_equal [" This is a comment "], parser.document.comments
+    end
 
-        def test_default_options
-          assert_equal 0, @parser.options
-        end
+    it :test_default_options do
+      assert_equal 0, parser.options
+    end
 
-        def test_recover
-          @parser.options |= XML::ParseOptions::RECOVER
-          @parser.<<(<<-eoxml)
-            <p>
-              Foo
-              <bar>
-              Bar
-            </p>
-          eoxml
-          @parser.finish
-          assert(@parser.document.errors.size >= 1)
-          assert_equal [["p", []], ["bar", []]], @parser.document.start_elements
-          assert_equal "FooBar", @parser.document.data.map { |x|
-            x.gsub(/\s/, '')
-          }.join
-        end
+    it :test_recover do
+      parser.options |= Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::RECOVER
+      parser.<<(<<~EOF)
+        <p>
+          Foo
+          <bar>
+          Bar
+        </p>
+      EOF
+      parser.finish
+      assert(parser.document.errors.size >= 1)
+      assert_equal [["p", []], ["bar", []]], parser.document.start_elements
+      assert_equal "FooBar", parser.document.data.map { |x|
+        x.gsub(/\s/, "")
+      }.join
+    end
 
-        def test_broken_encoding
-          skip_unless_libxml2("ultra hard to fix for pure Java version")
-          @parser.options |= XML::ParseOptions::RECOVER
-          # This is ISO_8859-1:
-          @parser.<< "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><r>Gau\337</r>"
-          @parser.finish
-          assert(@parser.document.errors.size >= 1)
-          assert_equal "Gau\337", @parser.document.data.join
-          assert_equal [["r"]], @parser.document.end_elements
-        end
+    it :test_broken_encoding do
+      skip_unless_libxml2("ultra hard to fix for pure Java version")
+      parser.options |= Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::RECOVER
+      # This is ISO_8859-1:
+      parser.<< "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><r>Gau\337</r>"
+      parser.finish
+      assert(parser.document.errors.size >= 1)
+      assert_equal "Gau\337", parser.document.data.join
+      assert_equal [["r"]], parser.document.end_elements
+    end
 
-        def test_replace_entities_attribute_behavior
-          if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
-            # initially false
-            assert_equal false, @parser.replace_entities
-
-            # can be set to true
-            @parser.replace_entities = true
-            assert_equal true, @parser.replace_entities
-
-            # can be set to false
-            @parser.replace_entities = false
-            assert_equal false, @parser.replace_entities
-          else
-            # initially true
-            assert_equal true, @parser.replace_entities
-
-            # ignore attempts to set to false
-            @parser.replace_entities = false # TODO: should we raise an exception here?
-            assert_equal true, @parser.replace_entities
-          end
-        end
+    it :test_replace_entities_attribute_behavior do
+      if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
+        # initially false
+        refute parser.replace_entities
+
+        # can be set to true
+        parser.replace_entities = true
+        assert parser.replace_entities
+
+        # can be set to false
+        parser.replace_entities = false
+        refute parser.replace_entities
+      else
+        # initially true
+        assert parser.replace_entities
+
+        # ignore attempts to set to false
+        parser.replace_entities = false # TODO: should we raise an exception here?
+        assert parser.replace_entities
+      end
+    end
 
-        def test_untouched_entities
-          skip_unless_libxml2("entities are always replaced in pure Java version")
-          @parser.<<(<<-eoxml)
-            <p id="asdf&amp;asdf">
-              <!-- This is a comment -->
-              Paragraph 1 &amp; 2
-            </p>
-          eoxml
-          @parser.finish
-          assert_equal [["p", [["id", "asdf&#38;asdf"]]]], @parser.document.start_elements
-          assert_equal "Paragraph 1 & 2", @parser.document.data.join.strip
-        end
+    it :test_untouched_entities do
+      skip_unless_libxml2("entities are always replaced in pure Java version")
+      parser.<<(<<~EOF)
+        <p id="asdf&amp;asdf">
+          <!-- This is a comment -->
+          Paragraph 1 &amp; 2
+        </p>
+      EOF
+      parser.finish
+      assert_equal [["p", [["id", "asdf&#38;asdf"]]]], parser.document.start_elements
+      assert_equal "Paragraph 1 & 2", parser.document.data.join.strip
+    end
 
-        def test_replaced_entities
-          @parser.replace_entities = true
-          @parser.<<(<<-eoxml)
-            <p id="asdf&amp;asdf">
-              <!-- This is a comment -->
-              Paragraph 1 &amp; 2
-            </p>
-          eoxml
-          @parser.finish
-          assert_equal [["p", [["id", "asdf&asdf"]]]], @parser.document.start_elements
-          assert_equal "Paragraph 1 & 2", @parser.document.data.join.strip
-        end
-      end
+    it :test_replaced_entities do
+      parser.replace_entities = true
+      parser.<<(<<~EOF)
+        <p id="asdf&amp;asdf">
+          <!-- This is a comment -->
+          Paragraph 1 &amp; 2
+        </p>
+      EOF
+      parser.finish
+      assert_equal [["p", [["id", "asdf&asdf"]]]], parser.document.start_elements
+      assert_equal "Paragraph 1 & 2", parser.document.data.join.strip
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_attr.rb b/test/xml/test_attr.rb
index 4012e05e34..072849feea 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_attr.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_attr.rb
@@ -1,29 +1,31 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class TestAttr < Nokogiri::TestCase
       def test_new
-        100.times {
+        100.times do
           doc = Nokogiri::XML::Document.new
-          assert doc
-          assert Nokogiri::XML::Attr.new(doc, 'foo')
-        }
+          assert(doc)
+          assert(Nokogiri::XML::Attr.new(doc, "foo"))
+        end
       end
 
       def test_new_raises_argerror_on_nondocument
-        document = Nokogiri::XML "<root><foo/></root>"
-        assert_raises ArgumentError do
-          Nokogiri::XML::Attr.new document.at_css("foo"), "bar"
+        document = Nokogiri::XML("<root><foo/></root>")
+        assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+          Nokogiri::XML::Attr.new(document.at_css("foo"), "bar")
         end
       end
 
       def test_content=
         xml = Nokogiri::XML.parse(File.read(XML_FILE), XML_FILE)
-        address = xml.xpath('//address')[3]
-        street = address.attributes['street']
+        address = xml.xpath("//address")[3]
+        street = address.attributes["street"]
         street.content = "Y&ent1;"
-        assert_equal "Y&ent1;", street.value
+        assert_equal("Y&ent1;", street.value)
       end
 
       #
@@ -32,38 +34,38 @@ def test_content=
       #
       def test_set_value_with_entity_string_in_xml_file
         xml = Nokogiri::XML.parse(File.read(XML_FILE), XML_FILE)
-        address = xml.xpath('//address')[3]
-        street = address.attributes['street']
+        address = xml.xpath("//address")[3]
+        street = address.attributes["street"]
         street.value = "Y&ent1;"
-        assert_equal "Y&ent1;", street.value
-        assert_includes %Q{ street="Y&amp;ent1;"}, street.to_xml
+        assert_equal("Y&ent1;", street.value)
+        assert_includes(%{ street="Y&amp;ent1;"}, street.to_xml)
       end
 
       def test_set_value_with_entity_string_in_html_file
         html = Nokogiri::HTML("<html><body><div foo='asdf'>")
         foo = html.at_css("div").attributes["foo"]
         foo.value = "Y&ent1;"
-        assert_equal "Y&ent1;", foo.value
-        assert_includes %Q{ foo="Y&amp;ent1;"}, foo.to_html
+        assert_equal("Y&ent1;", foo.value)
+        assert_includes(%{ foo="Y&amp;ent1;"}, foo.to_html)
       end
 
       def test_set_value_with_blank_string_in_html_file
         html = Nokogiri::HTML("<html><body><div foo='asdf'>")
         foo = html.at_css("div").attributes["foo"]
         foo.value = ""
-        assert_equal "", foo.value
-        assert_includes %Q{ foo=""}, foo.to_html
+        assert_equal("", foo.value)
+        assert_includes(%{ foo=""}, foo.to_html)
       end
 
       def test_set_value_with_nil_in_html_file
         html = Nokogiri::HTML("<html><body><div foo='asdf'>")
         foo = html.at_css("div").attributes["foo"]
         foo.value = nil
-        assert_equal "", foo.value # this may be surprising to people, see xmlGetPropNodeValueInternal
+        assert_equal("", foo.value) # this may be surprising to people, see xmlGetPropNodeValueInternal
         if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
-          assert_includes %Q{ foo}, foo.to_html # libxml2 still emits a boolean attribute at serialize-time
+          assert_includes(%{ foo}, foo.to_html) # libxml2 still emits a boolean attribute at serialize-time
         else
-          assert_includes %Q{ foo=""}, foo.to_html # jruby does not
+          assert_includes(%{ foo=""}, foo.to_html) # jruby does not
         end
       end
 
@@ -71,53 +73,52 @@ def test_set_value_of_boolean_attr_with_blank_string_in_html_file
         html = Nokogiri::HTML("<html><body><div disabled='disabled'>")
         disabled = html.at_css("div").attributes["disabled"]
         disabled.value = ""
-        assert_equal "", disabled.value
-        assert_includes %Q{ disabled}, disabled.to_html # we still emit a boolean attribute at serialize-time!
+        assert_equal("", disabled.value)
+        assert_includes(%{ disabled}, disabled.to_html) # we still emit a boolean attribute at serialize-time!
       end
 
       def test_set_value_of_boolean_attr_with_nil_in_html_file
         html = Nokogiri::HTML("<html><body><div disabled='disabled'>")
         disabled = html.at_css("div").attributes["disabled"]
         disabled.value = nil
-        assert_equal "", disabled.value # this may be surprising to people, see xmlGetPropNodeValueInternal
-        assert_includes %Q{ disabled}, disabled.to_html # but we emit a boolean attribute at serialize-time
+        assert_equal("", disabled.value) # this may be surprising to people, see xmlGetPropNodeValueInternal
+        assert_includes(%{ disabled}, disabled.to_html) # but we emit a boolean attribute at serialize-time
       end
 
-
       def test_unlink # aliased as :remove
         xml = Nokogiri::XML.parse(File.read(XML_FILE), XML_FILE)
-        address = xml.xpath('/staff/employee/address').first
-        assert_equal 'Yes', address['domestic']
+        address = xml.xpath("/staff/employee/address").first
+        assert_equal("Yes", address["domestic"])
 
         attr = address.attribute_nodes.first
         return_val = attr.unlink
-        assert_nil address['domestic']
-        assert_equal attr, return_val
+        assert_nil(address["domestic"])
+        assert_equal(attr, return_val)
       end
 
       def test_parsing_attribute_namespace
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML <<-EOXML
-<root xmlns='http://google.com/' xmlns:f='http://flavorjon.es/'>
-  <div f:myattr='foo'></div>
-</root>
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<~EOXML)
+          <root xmlns='http://google.com/' xmlns:f='http://flavorjon.es/'>
+            <div f:myattr='foo'></div>
+          </root>
         EOXML
 
-        node = doc.at_css "div"
+        node = doc.at_css("div")
         attr = node.attributes["myattr"]
-        assert_equal "http://flavorjon.es/", attr.namespace.href
+        assert_equal("http://flavorjon.es/", attr.namespace.href)
       end
 
       def test_setting_attribute_namespace
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML <<-EOXML
-<root xmlns='http://google.com/' xmlns:f='http://flavorjon.es/'>
-  <div f:myattr='foo'></div>
-</root>
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<~EOXML)
+          <root xmlns='http://google.com/' xmlns:f='http://flavorjon.es/'>
+            <div f:myattr='foo'></div>
+          </root>
         EOXML
 
-        node = doc.at_css "div"
+        node = doc.at_css("div")
         attr = node.attributes["myattr"]
         attr.add_namespace("fizzle", "http://fizzle.com/")
-        assert_equal "http://fizzle.com/", attr.namespace.href
+        assert_equal("http://fizzle.com/", attr.namespace.href)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_attribute_decl.rb b/test/xml/test_attribute_decl.rb
index 3d5afd0b55..d5e3c467ca 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_attribute_decl.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_attribute_decl.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -5,14 +7,14 @@ module XML
     class TestAttributeDecl < Nokogiri::TestCase
       def setup
         super
-        @xml = Nokogiri::XML(<<-eoxml)
-<?xml version="1.0"?><?TEST-STYLE PIDATA?>
-<!DOCTYPE staff SYSTEM "staff.dtd" [
-   <!ATTLIST br width CDATA "0">
-   <!ATTLIST a width CDATA "0">
-   <!ATTLIST payment type (check|cash) "cash">
-]>
-<root />
+        @xml = Nokogiri::XML(<<~eoxml)
+          <?xml version="1.0"?><?TEST-STYLE PIDATA?>
+          <!DOCTYPE staff SYSTEM "staff.dtd" [
+             <!ATTLIST br width CDATA "0">
+             <!ATTLIST a width CDATA "0">
+             <!ATTLIST payment type (check|cash) "cash">
+          ]>
+          <root />
         eoxml
         @attrs = @xml.internal_subset.children
         @attr_decl = @attrs.first
@@ -20,67 +22,66 @@ def setup
 
       def test_inspect
         assert_equal(
-          "#<#{@attr_decl.class.name}:#{sprintf("0x%x", @attr_decl.object_id)} #{@attr_decl.to_s.inspect}>",
+          "#<#{@attr_decl.class.name}:#{format("0x%x", @attr_decl.object_id)} #{@attr_decl.to_s.inspect}>",
           @attr_decl.inspect
         )
       end
 
       def test_type
-        assert_equal 16, @attr_decl.type
+        assert_equal(16, @attr_decl.type)
       end
 
       def test_class
-        assert_instance_of Nokogiri::XML::AttributeDecl, @attr_decl
+        assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::AttributeDecl, @attr_decl)
       end
 
       def test_content
-        assert_raise NoMethodError do
+        assert_raises(NoMethodError) do
           @attr_decl.content
         end
       end
 
       def test_attributes
-        assert_raise NoMethodError do
+        assert_raises(NoMethodError) do
           @attr_decl.attributes
         end
       end
 
       def test_namespace
-        assert_raise NoMethodError do
+        assert_raises(NoMethodError) do
           @attr_decl.namespace
         end
       end
 
       def test_namespace_definitions
-        assert_raise NoMethodError do
+        assert_raises(NoMethodError) do
           @attr_decl.namespace_definitions
         end
       end
 
       def test_line
-        assert_raise NoMethodError do
+        assert_raises(NoMethodError) do
           @attr_decl.line
         end
       end
 
       def test_attribute_type
         if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
-          assert_equal 1, @attr_decl.attribute_type
+          assert_equal(1, @attr_decl.attribute_type)
         else
-          assert_equal 'CDATA', @attr_decl.attribute_type
+          assert_equal("CDATA", @attr_decl.attribute_type)
         end
       end
 
       def test_default
-        assert_equal '0', @attr_decl.default
-        assert_equal '0', @attrs[1].default
+        assert_equal("0", @attr_decl.default)
+        assert_equal("0", @attrs[1].default)
       end
 
       def test_enumeration
-        assert_equal [], @attr_decl.enumeration
-        assert_equal ['check', 'cash'], @attrs[2].enumeration
+        assert_empty(@attr_decl.enumeration)
+        assert_equal(["check", "cash"], @attrs[2].enumeration)
       end
     end
   end
 end
-
diff --git a/test/xml/test_builder.rb b/test/xml/test_builder.rb
index a17c0b5b9e..7e1635ad70 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_builder.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_builder.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
 require "helper"
 
@@ -6,58 +7,81 @@ module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class TestBuilder < Nokogiri::TestCase
       def test_attribute_sensitivity
-        xml = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new { |x|
-          x.tag "hello", "abcDef" => "world"
-        }.to_xml
-        doc = Nokogiri.XML xml
-        assert_equal "world", doc.root["abcDef"]
+        xml = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |x|
+          x.tag("hello", "abcDef" => "world")
+        end.to_xml
+        doc = Nokogiri.XML(xml)
+        assert_equal("world", doc.root["abcDef"])
       end
 
       def test_builder_multiple_nodes
         Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |xml|
           0.upto(10) do
-            xml.text "test"
+            xml.text("test")
           end
         end
       end
 
+      def test_builder_resilient_to_exceptions
+        builder = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |xml|
+          xml.root do
+            begin
+              xml.a { raise "badjoras" }
+            rescue StandardError
+              # Ignored
+            end
+
+            xml.b
+          end
+        end
+
+        expected_output = <<~HEREDOC
+          <?xml version="1.0"?>
+          <root>
+            <a/>
+            <b/>
+          </root>
+        HEREDOC
+        assert_equal(expected_output, builder.to_xml)
+      end
+
       def test_builder_with_utf8_text
         text = "test ﺵ "
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new(:encoding => "UTF-8") { |xml| xml.test text }.doc
-        assert_equal text, doc.content
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new(encoding: "UTF-8") { |xml| xml.test(text) }.doc
+        assert_equal(text, doc.content)
       end
 
       def test_builder_escape
-        xml = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new { |x|
-          x.condition "value < 1", :attr => "value < 1"
-        }.to_xml
-        doc = Nokogiri.XML xml
-        assert_equal "value < 1", doc.root["attr"]
-        assert_equal "value < 1", doc.root.content
+        xml = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |x|
+          x.condition("value < 1", attr: "value < 1")
+        end.to_xml
+        doc = Nokogiri.XML(xml)
+        assert_equal("value < 1", doc.root["attr"])
+        assert_equal("value < 1", doc.root.content)
       end
 
       def test_builder_namespace
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new { |xml|
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |xml|
           xml.a("xmlns:a" => "x") do
             xml.b("xmlns:a" => "x", "xmlns:b" => "y")
           end
-        }.doc
+        end.doc
 
         b = doc.at("b")
-        assert b
+        assert(b)
         assert_equal({ "xmlns:a" => "x", "xmlns:b" => "y" }, b.namespaces)
         assert_equal({ "xmlns:b" => "y" }, namespaces_defined_on(b))
       end
 
       def test_builder_namespace_part_deux
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new { |xml|
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |xml|
           xml.a("xmlns:b" => "y") do
             xml.b("xmlns:a" => "x", "xmlns:b" => "y", "xmlns:c" => "z")
           end
-        }.doc
+        end.doc
 
         b = doc.at("b")
-        assert b
+        assert(b)
         assert_equal({ "xmlns:a" => "x", "xmlns:b" => "y", "xmlns:c" => "z" }, b.namespaces)
         assert_equal({ "xmlns:a" => "x", "xmlns:c" => "z" }, namespaces_defined_on(b))
       end
@@ -69,54 +93,102 @@ def test_builder_with_unlink
             xml.bar2
           end
         end
-        assert b
+        assert(b)
       end
 
       def test_with_root
         doc = Nokogiri::XML(File.read(XML_FILE))
-        Nokogiri::XML::Builder.with(doc.at_css("employee")) do |xml|
+        Nokogiri::XML::Builder.with(doc.at_css("employee")) do |xml| # rubocop:disable Style/SymbolProc
           xml.foo
         end
-        assert_equal 1, doc.xpath("//employee/foo").length
+        assert_equal(1, doc.xpath("//employee/foo").length)
       end
 
       def test_root_namespace_default_decl
-        b = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new { |xml| xml.root(:xmlns => "one:two") }
+        b = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new { |xml| xml.root(xmlns: "one:two") }
         doc = b.doc
-        assert_equal "one:two", doc.root.namespace.href
+        assert_equal("one:two", doc.root.namespace.href)
         assert_equal({ "xmlns" => "one:two" }, doc.root.namespaces)
       end
 
       def test_root_namespace_multi_decl
-        b = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new { |xml|
+        b = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |xml|
           xml.root(:xmlns => "one:two", "xmlns:foo" => "bar") do
             xml.hello
           end
-        }
+        end
         doc = b.doc
-        assert_equal "one:two", doc.root.namespace.href
+        assert_equal("one:two", doc.root.namespace.href)
         assert_equal({ "xmlns" => "one:two", "xmlns:foo" => "bar" }, doc.root.namespaces)
 
-        assert_equal "one:two", doc.at("hello").namespace.href
+        assert_equal("one:two", doc.at("hello").namespace.href)
       end
 
       def test_non_root_namespace
-        b = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new { |xml|
-          xml.root { xml.hello(:xmlns => "one") }
-        }
-        assert_equal "one", b.doc.at("hello", "xmlns" => "one").namespace.href
+        b = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |xml|
+          xml.root { xml.hello(xmlns: "one") }
+        end
+        assert_equal("one", b.doc.at("hello", "xmlns" => "one").namespace.href)
+      end
+
+      def test_builder_namespace_inheritance_true
+        # see https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2317
+        result = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new(encoding: "utf-8") do |xml|
+          xml["soapenv"].Envelope("xmlns:soapenv" => "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/") do
+            xml.Header
+          end
+        end
+        assert(result.doc.namespace_inheritance)
+        assert(
+          result.doc.at_xpath("//soapenv:Header", "soapenv" => "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"),
+          "header element should have a namespace"
+        )
+      end
+
+      def test_builder_namespace_inheritance_false
+        # see https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2317
+        result = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new(encoding: "utf-8", namespace_inheritance: false) do |xml|
+          xml["soapenv"].Envelope("xmlns:soapenv" => "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/") do
+            xml.Header
+          end
+        end
+        refute(result.doc.namespace_inheritance)
+        assert(
+          result.doc.at_xpath("//Header"),
+          "header element should not have a namespace"
+        )
+      end
+
+      def test_builder_namespace_inheritance_false_part_deux
+        # see https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1712
+        result = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new(encoding: "utf-8", namespace_inheritance: false) do |xml|
+          xml["soapenv"].Envelope("xmlns:soapenv" => "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/", "xmlns:emer" => "http://dashcs.com/api/v1/emergency") do
+            xml["soapenv"].Header
+            xml["soapenv"].Body do
+              xml["emer"].validateLocation do
+                # these should not have a namespace
+                xml.location do
+                  xml.address("Some place over the rainbow")
+                end
+              end
+            end
+          end
+        end
+        assert(result.doc.at_xpath("//emer:validateLocation", { "emer" => "http://dashcs.com/api/v1/emergency" }),
+          "expected validateLocation node to have a namespace")
+        assert(result.doc.at_xpath("//location"), "expected location node to not have a namespace")
       end
 
       def test_specify_namespace
-        b = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new { |xml|
+        b = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |xml|
           xml.root("xmlns:foo" => "bar") do
             xml[:foo].bar
             xml["foo"].baz
           end
-        }
+        end
         doc = b.doc
-        assert_equal "bar", doc.at("foo|bar", "foo" => "bar").namespace.href
-        assert_equal "bar", doc.at("foo|baz", "foo" => "bar").namespace.href
+        assert_equal("bar", doc.at("foo|bar", "foo" => "bar").namespace.href)
+        assert_equal("bar", doc.at("foo|baz", "foo" => "bar").namespace.href)
       end
 
       def test_dtd_in_builder_output
@@ -130,12 +202,12 @@ def test_dtd_in_builder_output
             xml.foo
           end
         end
-        assert_match(/<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional\/\/EN" "http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/html4\/loose.dtd">/,
-                     builder.to_xml)
+        assert_match(%r{<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">},
+          builder.to_xml)
       end
 
       def test_specify_namespace_nested
-        b = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new { |xml|
+        b = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |xml|
           xml.root("xmlns:foo" => "bar") do
             xml.yay do
               xml[:foo].bar
@@ -145,45 +217,51 @@ def test_specify_namespace_nested
               end
             end
           end
-        }
+        end
         doc = b.doc
-        assert_equal "bar", doc.at("foo|bar", "foo" => "bar").namespace.href
-        assert_equal "bar", doc.at("foo|baz", "foo" => "bar").namespace.href
+        assert_equal("bar", doc.at("foo|bar", "foo" => "bar").namespace.href)
+        assert_equal("bar", doc.at("foo|baz", "foo" => "bar").namespace.href)
       end
 
       def test_specified_namespace_postdeclared
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new { |xml|
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |xml|
           xml.a do
             xml[:foo].b("xmlns:foo" => "bar")
           end
-        }.doc
+        end.doc
         a = doc.at("a")
-        assert_equal({}, a.namespaces)
+        assert_empty(a.namespaces)
 
-        b = doc.at_xpath("//foo:b", { :foo => "bar" })
-        assert b
+        b = doc.at_xpath("//foo:b", { foo: "bar" })
+        assert(b)
         assert_equal({ "xmlns:foo" => "bar" }, b.namespaces)
         assert_equal("b", b.name)
         assert_equal("bar", b.namespace.href)
       end
 
       def test_specified_namespace_undeclared
-        Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new { |xml|
+        Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |xml|
           xml.root do
             assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
               xml[:foo].bar
             end
           end
-        }
+        end
+      end
+
+      def test_set_namespace_inheritance
+        assert(Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new.doc.namespace_inheritance)
+        refute(Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new(namespace_inheritance: false).doc.namespace_inheritance)
       end
 
       def test_set_encoding
-        builder = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new(:encoding => "UTF-8") do |xml|
+        builder = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new(encoding: "UTF-8") do |xml|
           xml.root do
-            xml.bar "blah"
+            xml.bar("blah")
           end
         end
-        assert_match "UTF-8", builder.to_xml
+        assert_equal("UTF-8", builder.doc.encoding)
+        assert_match("UTF-8", builder.to_xml)
       end
 
       def test_bang_and_underscore_is_escaped
@@ -193,7 +271,7 @@ def test_bang_and_underscore_is_escaped
             xml.p!("adsfadsf")
           end
         end
-        assert_equal 2, builder.doc.xpath("//p").length
+        assert_equal(2, builder.doc.xpath("//p").length)
       end
 
       def test_square_brackets_set_attributes
@@ -201,10 +279,10 @@ def test_square_brackets_set_attributes
           xml.root do
             foo = xml.foo
             foo["id"] = "hello"
-            assert_equal "hello", foo["id"]
+            assert_equal("hello", foo["id"])
           end
         end
-        assert_equal 1, builder.doc.xpath('//foo[@id = "hello"]').length
+        assert_equal(1, builder.doc.xpath('//foo[@id = "hello"]').length)
       end
 
       def test_nested_local_variable
@@ -212,17 +290,17 @@ def test_nested_local_variable
         local_var = "hello world"
         builder = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |xml|
           xml.root do
-            xml.foo local_var
-            xml.bar @ivar
-            xml.baz {
-              xml.text @ivar
-            }
+            xml.foo(local_var)
+            xml.bar(@ivar)
+            xml.baz do
+              xml.text(@ivar)
+            end
           end
         end
 
-        assert_equal "hello world", builder.doc.at("//root/foo").content
-        assert_equal "hello", builder.doc.at("//root/bar").content
-        assert_equal "hello", builder.doc.at("baz").content
+        assert_equal("hello world", builder.doc.at("//root/foo").content)
+        assert_equal("hello", builder.doc.at("//root/bar").content)
+        assert_equal("hello", builder.doc.at("baz").content)
       end
 
       def test_raw_append
@@ -232,7 +310,7 @@ def test_raw_append
           end
         end
 
-        assert_equal "hello", builder.doc.at("/root").content
+        assert_equal("hello", builder.doc.at("/root").content)
       end
 
       def test_raw_append_with_instance_eval
@@ -242,7 +320,7 @@ def test_raw_append_with_instance_eval
           end
         end
 
-        assert_equal "hello", builder.doc.at("/root").content
+        assert_equal("hello", builder.doc.at("/root").content)
       end
 
       def test_raw_xml_append
@@ -252,8 +330,8 @@ def test_raw_xml_append
           end
         end
 
-        assert_equal ["aaa"], builder.doc.at_css("root").children.collect(&:name)
-        assert_equal ["bbb", "ccc"], builder.doc.at_css("aaa").children.collect(&:name)
+        assert_equal(["aaa"], builder.doc.at_css("root").children.collect(&:name))
+        assert_equal(["bbb", "ccc"], builder.doc.at_css("aaa").children.collect(&:name))
       end
 
       def test_raw_xml_append_with_namespaces
@@ -263,94 +341,97 @@ def test_raw_xml_append_with_namespaces
           end
         end.doc
 
-        el = doc.at "Element"
-        assert_not_nil el
+        el = doc.at("Element")
+        refute_nil(el)
 
-        assert_equal "y", el.namespace.href
-        assert_nil el.namespace.prefix
+        assert_equal("y", el.namespace.href)
+        assert_nil(el.namespace.prefix)
 
         attr = el.attributes["bar"]
-        assert_not_nil attr
-        assert_not_nil attr.namespace
-        assert_equal "foo", attr.namespace.prefix
+        refute_nil(attr)
+        refute_nil(attr.namespace)
+        assert_equal("foo", attr.namespace.prefix)
       end
 
       def test_cdata
         builder = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do
-          root {
-            cdata "hello world"
-          }
+          root do
+            cdata("hello world")
+          end
         end
         assert_equal("<?xml version=\"1.0\"?><root><![CDATA[hello world]]></root>",
-                     builder.to_xml.gsub(/\n/, ""))
+          builder.to_xml.delete("\n"))
       end
 
       def test_comment
         builder = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do
-          root {
-            comment "this is a comment"
-          }
+          root do
+            comment("this is a comment")
+          end
         end
-        assert builder.doc.root.children.first.comment?
+        assert_predicate(builder.doc.root.children.first, :comment?)
       end
 
       def test_builder_no_block
         string = "hello world"
         builder = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new
-        builder.root {
-          cdata string
-        }
+        builder.root do
+          cdata(string)
+        end
         assert_equal("<?xml version=\"1.0\"?><root><![CDATA[hello world]]></root>",
-                     builder.to_xml.gsub(/\n/, ""))
+          builder.to_xml.delete("\n"))
       end
 
       def test_builder_can_inherit_parent_namespace
         builder = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new
-        builder.products {
+        builder.products do
           builder.parent.default_namespace = "foo"
-          builder.product {
+          builder.product do
             builder.parent.default_namespace = nil
-          }
-        }
+          end
+        end
         doc = builder.doc
         ["product", "products"].each do |n|
-          assert_equal doc.at_xpath("//*[local-name() = '#{n}']").namespace.href, "foo"
+          assert_equal("foo", doc.at_xpath("//*[local-name() = '#{n}']").namespace.href)
         end
       end
 
       def test_builder_can_handle_namespace_override
         builder = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new
-        builder.products("xmlns:foo" => "bar") {
+        builder.products("xmlns:foo" => "bar") do
           builder.product("xmlns:foo" => "baz")
-        }
+        end
 
         doc = builder.doc
-        assert_equal doc.at_xpath("//*[local-name() = 'product']").namespaces["xmlns:foo"], "baz"
-        assert_equal doc.at_xpath("//*[local-name() = 'products']").namespaces["xmlns:foo"], "bar"
-        assert_nil doc.at_xpath("//*[local-name() = 'products']").namespace
+        assert_equal("baz", doc.at_xpath("//*[local-name() = 'product']").namespaces["xmlns:foo"])
+        assert_equal("bar", doc.at_xpath("//*[local-name() = 'products']").namespaces["xmlns:foo"])
+        assert_nil(doc.at_xpath("//*[local-name() = 'products']").namespace)
       end
 
       def test_builder_reuses_namespaces
         # see https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1810 for memory leak report
         builder = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new
-        builder.send "envelope", { "xmlns" => "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" } do
-          builder.send "package", { "xmlns" => "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" }
+        builder.send("envelope", { "xmlns" => "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" }) do
+          builder.send("package", { "xmlns" => "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" })
         end
         envelope = builder.doc.at_css("envelope")
         package = builder.doc.at_css("package")
-        assert_equal envelope.namespace, package.namespace
-        assert_equal envelope.namespace.object_id, package.namespace.object_id
+        assert_equal(envelope.namespace, package.namespace)
+        assert_equal(envelope.namespace.object_id, package.namespace.object_id)
       end
 
       def test_builder_uses_proper_document_class
         xml_builder = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new
-        assert_instance_of Nokogiri::XML::Document, xml_builder.doc
+        assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::Document, xml_builder.doc)
 
-        html_builder = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new
-        assert_instance_of Nokogiri::HTML::Document, html_builder.doc
+        html_builder = Nokogiri::HTML4::Builder.new
+        assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::HTML4::Document, html_builder.doc)
 
         foo_builder = ThisIsATestBuilder.new
-        assert_instance_of Nokogiri::XML::Document, foo_builder.doc
+        assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::Document, foo_builder.doc)
+
+        foo_builder = ThisIsAnotherTestBuilder.new
+        assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::HTML4::Document, foo_builder.doc)
       end
 
       private
@@ -365,3 +446,7 @@ def namespaces_defined_on(node)
 class ThisIsATestBuilder < Nokogiri::XML::Builder
   # this exists for the test_builder_uses_proper_document_class and should be empty
 end
+
+class ThisIsAnotherTestBuilder < Nokogiri::HTML4::Builder
+  # this exists for the test_builder_uses_proper_document_class and should be empty
+end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_c14n.rb b/test/xml/test_c14n.rb
index 25c7084027..1394df36b4 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_c14n.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_c14n.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -5,36 +7,36 @@ module XML
     class TestC14N < Nokogiri::TestCase
       # http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-c14n#Example-OutsideDoc
       def test_3_1
-        doc = Nokogiri.XML <<-eoxml
-<?xml version="1.0"?>
+        doc = Nokogiri.XML(<<~eoxml)
+          <?xml version="1.0"?>
 
-<?xml-stylesheet   href="doc.xsl"
-   type="text/xsl"   ?>
+          <?xml-stylesheet   href="doc.xsl"
+             type="text/xsl"   ?>
 
-<!DOCTYPE doc SYSTEM "doc.dtd">
+          <!DOCTYPE doc SYSTEM "doc.dtd">
 
-<doc>Hello, world!<!-- Comment 1 --></doc>
+          <doc>Hello, world!<!-- Comment 1 --></doc>
 
-<?pi-without-data     ?>
+          <?pi-without-data     ?>
 
-<!-- Comment 2 -->
+          <!-- Comment 2 -->
 
-<!-- Comment 3 -->
+          <!-- Comment 3 -->
         eoxml
 
         c14n = doc.canonicalize
-        assert_no_match(/version=/, c14n)
+        refute_match(/version=/, c14n)
         assert_match(/Hello, world/, c14n)
-        assert_no_match(/Comment/, c14n)
+        refute_match(/Comment/, c14n)
         c14n = doc.canonicalize(nil, nil, true)
         assert_match(/Comment/, c14n)
         c14n = doc.canonicalize(nil, nil, false)
-        assert_no_match(/Comment/, c14n)
+        refute_match(/Comment/, c14n)
       end
 
       def test_exclude_block_params
-        xml = '<a><b></b></a>'
-        doc = Nokogiri.XML xml
+        xml = "<a><b></b></a>"
+        doc = Nokogiri.XML(xml)
 
         list = []
         doc.canonicalize do |node, parent|
@@ -43,138 +45,149 @@ def test_exclude_block_params
         end
         if Nokogiri.jruby?
           assert_equal(
-            ['a', 'document', 'document', nil, 'b', 'a'],
+            ["a", "document", "document", nil, "b", "a"],
             list.flatten.map { |x| x ? x.name : x }
           )
         else
           assert_equal(
-            ['a', 'document', 'document', nil, 'b', 'a', 'a', 'document'],
+            ["a", "document", "document", nil, "b", "a", "a", "document"],
             list.flatten.map { |x| x ? x.name : x }
           )
         end
       end
 
       def test_exclude_block_true
-        xml = '<a><b></b></a>'
-        doc = Nokogiri.XML xml
+        xml = "<a><b></b></a>"
+        doc = Nokogiri.XML(xml)
 
-        c14n = doc.canonicalize do |node, parent|
+        c14n = doc.canonicalize do |_node, _parent|
           true
         end
-        assert_equal xml, c14n
+        assert_equal(xml, c14n)
       end
 
       def test_exclude_block_false
-        xml = '<a><b></b></a>'
-        doc = Nokogiri.XML xml
+        xml = "<a><b></b></a>"
+        doc = Nokogiri.XML(xml)
 
-        c14n = doc.canonicalize do |node, parent|
+        c14n = doc.canonicalize do |_node, _parent|
           false
         end
-        assert_equal '', c14n
+        assert_equal("", c14n)
       end
 
       def test_exclude_block_nil
-        xml = '<a><b></b></a>'
-        doc = Nokogiri.XML xml
+        xml = "<a><b></b></a>"
+        doc = Nokogiri.XML(xml)
 
-        c14n = doc.canonicalize do |node, parent|
+        c14n = doc.canonicalize do |_node, _parent|
           nil
         end
-        assert_equal '', c14n
+        assert_equal("", c14n)
       end
 
       def test_exclude_block_object
-        xml = '<a><b></b></a>'
-        doc = Nokogiri.XML xml
+        xml = "<a><b></b></a>"
+        doc = Nokogiri.XML(xml)
 
-        c14n = doc.canonicalize do |node, parent|
+        c14n = doc.canonicalize do |_node, _parent|
           Object.new
         end
-        assert_equal xml, c14n
+        assert_equal(xml, c14n)
       end
 
       def test_c14n_node
-        xml = '<a><b><c></c></b></a>'
-        doc = Nokogiri.XML xml
-        c14n = doc.at_xpath('//b').canonicalize
-        assert_equal '<b><c></c></b>', c14n
+        xml = "<a><b><c></c></b></a>"
+        doc = Nokogiri.XML(xml)
+        c14n = doc.at_xpath("//b").canonicalize
+        assert_equal("<b><c></c></b>", c14n)
       end
 
       def test_c14n_modes
         # http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-exc-c14n/#sec-Enveloping
-        
-        doc1 = Nokogiri.XML <<-EOXML
-<n0:local xmlns:n0="http://foobar.org" xmlns:n3="ftp://example.org">
-  <n1:elem2 xmlns:n1="http://example.net" xml:lang="en">
-    <n3:stuff xmlns:n3="ftp://example.org"/>
-  </n1:elem2>
-</n0:local>        
+
+        doc1 = Nokogiri.XML(<<~EOXML)
+          <n0:local xmlns:n0="http://foobar.org" xmlns:n3="ftp://example.org">
+            <n1:elem2 xmlns:n1="http://example.net" xml:lang="en">
+              <n3:stuff xmlns:n3="ftp://example.org"/>
+            </n1:elem2>
+          </n0:local>
         EOXML
 
-        doc2 = Nokogiri.XML <<-EOXML
-<n2:pdu xmlns:n1="http://example.com"
-           xmlns:n2="http://foo.example"
-           xmlns:n4="http://foo.example"
-           xml:lang="fr"
-           xml:space="retain">
-  <n1:elem2 xmlns:n1="http://example.net" xml:lang="en">
-    <n3:stuff xmlns:n3="ftp://example.org"/>
-    <n4:stuff />
-  </n1:elem2>
-</n2:pdu>        
+        doc2 = Nokogiri.XML(<<~EOXML)
+          <n2:pdu xmlns:n1="http://example.com"
+                     xmlns:n2="http://foo.example"
+                     xmlns:n4="http://foo.example"
+                     xml:lang="fr"
+                     xml:space="retain">
+            <n1:elem2 xmlns:n1="http://example.net" xml:lang="en">
+              <n3:stuff xmlns:n3="ftp://example.org"/>
+              <n4:stuff />
+            </n1:elem2>
+          </n2:pdu>
         EOXML
 
-        c14n = doc1.at_xpath('//n1:elem2', {'n1' => 'http://example.net'}).canonicalize
-        assert_equal '<n1:elem2 xmlns:n0="http://foobar.org" xmlns:n1="http://example.net" xmlns:n3="ftp://example.org" xml:lang="en">
-    <n3:stuff></n3:stuff>
-  </n1:elem2>', c14n
-
-        expected = '<n1:elem2 xmlns:n1="http://example.net" xmlns:n2="http://foo.example" xmlns:n4="http://foo.example" xml:lang="en" xml:space="retain">
-    <n3:stuff xmlns:n3="ftp://example.org"></n3:stuff>
-    <n4:stuff></n4:stuff>
-  </n1:elem2>'
-        c14n = doc2.at_xpath('//n1:elem2', {'n1' => 'http://example.net'}).canonicalize
-        assert_equal expected, c14n
-
-        expected = '<n1:elem2 xmlns:n1="http://example.net" xml:lang="en">
-    <n3:stuff xmlns:n3="ftp://example.org"></n3:stuff>
-  </n1:elem2>'
-        c14n = doc1.at_xpath('//n1:elem2', {'n1' => 'http://example.net'}).canonicalize(XML::XML_C14N_EXCLUSIVE_1_0)
-        assert_equal expected, c14n
-
-        expected = '<n1:elem2 xmlns:n1="http://example.net" xml:lang="en">
-    <n3:stuff xmlns:n3="ftp://example.org"></n3:stuff>
-    <n4:stuff xmlns:n4="http://foo.example"></n4:stuff>
-  </n1:elem2>'
-        c14n = doc2.at_xpath('//n1:elem2', {'n1' => 'http://example.net'}).canonicalize(XML::XML_C14N_EXCLUSIVE_1_0)
-        assert_equal expected, c14n
-
-        expected = '<n1:elem2 xmlns:n1="http://example.net" xmlns:n2="http://foo.example" xml:lang="en">
-    <n3:stuff xmlns:n3="ftp://example.org"></n3:stuff>
-    <n4:stuff xmlns:n4="http://foo.example"></n4:stuff>
-  </n1:elem2>'
-        c14n = doc2.at_xpath('//n1:elem2', {'n1' => 'http://example.net'}).canonicalize(XML::XML_C14N_EXCLUSIVE_1_0, ['n2'])
-        assert_equal expected, c14n
-
-        expected = '<n1:elem2 xmlns:n1="http://example.net" xmlns:n2="http://foo.example" xmlns:n4="http://foo.example" xml:lang="en">
-    <n3:stuff xmlns:n3="ftp://example.org"></n3:stuff>
-    <n4:stuff></n4:stuff>
-  </n1:elem2>'
-        c14n = doc2.at_xpath('//n1:elem2', {'n1' => 'http://example.net'}).canonicalize(XML::XML_C14N_EXCLUSIVE_1_0, ['n2', 'n4'])
-        assert_equal expected, c14n
+        expected = <<~EOF.strip
+          <n1:elem2 xmlns:n0="http://foobar.org" xmlns:n1="http://example.net" xmlns:n3="ftp://example.org" xml:lang="en">
+              <n3:stuff></n3:stuff>
+            </n1:elem2>
+        EOF
+        c14n = doc1.at_xpath("//n1:elem2", { "n1" => "http://example.net" }).canonicalize
+        assert_equal(expected, c14n)
+
+        expected = <<~EOF.strip
+          <n1:elem2 xmlns:n1="http://example.net" xmlns:n2="http://foo.example" xmlns:n4="http://foo.example" xml:lang="en" xml:space="retain">
+              <n3:stuff xmlns:n3="ftp://example.org"></n3:stuff>
+              <n4:stuff></n4:stuff>
+            </n1:elem2>
+        EOF
+        c14n = doc2.at_xpath("//n1:elem2", { "n1" => "http://example.net" }).canonicalize
+        assert_equal(expected, c14n)
+
+        expected = <<~EOF.strip
+          <n1:elem2 xmlns:n1="http://example.net" xml:lang="en">
+              <n3:stuff xmlns:n3="ftp://example.org"></n3:stuff>
+            </n1:elem2>
+        EOF
+        c14n = doc1.at_xpath("//n1:elem2", { "n1" => "http://example.net" }).canonicalize(XML::XML_C14N_EXCLUSIVE_1_0)
+        assert_equal(expected, c14n)
+
+        expected = <<~EOF.strip
+          <n1:elem2 xmlns:n1="http://example.net" xml:lang="en">
+              <n3:stuff xmlns:n3="ftp://example.org"></n3:stuff>
+              <n4:stuff xmlns:n4="http://foo.example"></n4:stuff>
+            </n1:elem2>
+        EOF
+        c14n = doc2.at_xpath("//n1:elem2", { "n1" => "http://example.net" }).canonicalize(XML::XML_C14N_EXCLUSIVE_1_0)
+        assert_equal(expected, c14n)
+
+        expected = <<~EOF.strip
+          <n1:elem2 xmlns:n1="http://example.net" xmlns:n2="http://foo.example" xml:lang="en">
+              <n3:stuff xmlns:n3="ftp://example.org"></n3:stuff>
+              <n4:stuff xmlns:n4="http://foo.example"></n4:stuff>
+            </n1:elem2>
+        EOF
+        c14n = doc2.at_xpath("//n1:elem2", { "n1" => "http://example.net" }).canonicalize(XML::XML_C14N_EXCLUSIVE_1_0, ["n2"])
+        assert_equal(expected, c14n)
+
+        expected = <<~EOF.strip
+          <n1:elem2 xmlns:n1="http://example.net" xmlns:n2="http://foo.example" xmlns:n4="http://foo.example" xml:lang="en">
+              <n3:stuff xmlns:n3="ftp://example.org"></n3:stuff>
+              <n4:stuff></n4:stuff>
+            </n1:elem2>
+        EOF
+        c14n = doc2.at_xpath("//n1:elem2", { "n1" => "http://example.net" }).canonicalize(XML::XML_C14N_EXCLUSIVE_1_0, ["n2", "n4"])
+        assert_equal(expected, c14n)
       end
 
       def test_wrong_params
-        xml = '<a><b></b></a>'
-        doc = Nokogiri.XML xml
+        xml = "<a><b></b></a>"
+        doc = Nokogiri.XML(xml)
 
-        assert_raise(TypeError){ doc.canonicalize :wrong_type }
-        assert_raise(TypeError){ doc.canonicalize nil, :wrong_type }
-        doc.canonicalize nil, nil, :wrong_type
+        assert_raises(TypeError) { doc.canonicalize(:wrong_type) }
+        assert_raises(TypeError) { doc.canonicalize(nil, :wrong_type) }
+        doc.canonicalize(nil, nil, :wrong_type)
       end
-
-
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_cdata.rb b/test/xml/test_cdata.rb
index 6dd8d2d0df..8c8da023b1 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_cdata.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_cdata.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -9,23 +11,23 @@ def setup
       end
 
       def test_cdata_node
-        name = @xml.xpath('//employee[2]/name').first
-        assert cdata = name.children[1]
-        assert cdata.cdata?
-        assert_equal '#cdata-section', cdata.name
+        name = @xml.xpath("//employee[2]/name").first
+        assert(cdata = name.children[1])
+        assert_predicate(cdata, :cdata?)
+        assert_equal("#cdata-section", cdata.name)
       end
 
       def test_new
         node = CDATA.new(@xml, "foo")
-        assert_equal "foo", node.content
+        assert_equal("foo", node.content)
 
         node = CDATA.new(@xml.root, "foo")
-        assert_equal "foo", node.content
+        assert_equal("foo", node.content)
       end
 
       def test_new_with_nil
         node = CDATA.new(@xml, nil)
-        assert_nil node.content
+        assert_nil(node.content)
       end
 
       def test_new_with_non_string
@@ -35,19 +37,19 @@ def test_new_with_non_string
       end
 
       def test_lots_of_new_cdata
-        assert 100.times { CDATA.new(@xml, "asdfasdf") }
+        assert(100.times { CDATA.new(@xml, "asdfasdf") })
       end
 
       def test_content=
-        node = CDATA.new(@xml, 'foo')
-        assert_equal('foo', node.content)
+        node = CDATA.new(@xml, "foo")
+        assert_equal("foo", node.content)
 
-        node.content = '& <foo> &amp;'
-        assert_equal('& <foo> &amp;', node.content)
-        assert_equal('<![CDATA[& <foo> &amp;]]>', node.to_xml)
+        node.content = "& <foo> &amp;"
+        assert_equal("& <foo> &amp;", node.content)
+        assert_equal("<![CDATA[& <foo> &amp;]]>", node.to_xml)
 
-        node.content = 'foo ]]> bar'
-        assert_equal('foo ]]> bar', node.content)
+        node.content = "foo ]]> bar"
+        assert_equal("foo ]]> bar", node.content)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_comment.rb b/test/xml/test_comment.rb
index fab0fca994..61d1bbb8d7 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_comment.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_comment.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -9,31 +11,31 @@ def setup
       end
 
       def test_new
-        comment = Nokogiri::XML::Comment.new(@xml, 'hello world')
-        assert_equal('<!--hello world-->', comment.to_s)
+        comment = Nokogiri::XML::Comment.new(@xml, "hello world")
+        assert_equal("<!--hello world-->", comment.to_s)
       end
 
       def test_comment?
-        comment = Nokogiri::XML::Comment.new(@xml, 'hello world')
-        assert(comment.comment?)
-        assert(!@xml.root.comment?)
+        comment = Nokogiri::XML::Comment.new(@xml, "hello world")
+        assert_predicate(comment, :comment?)
+        refute_predicate(@xml.root, :comment?)
       end
 
       def test_passing_a_node_uses_the_node_document
-        comment = Nokogiri::XML::Comment.new(@xml.at_css("employee"), 'hello world')
-        assert_equal @xml, comment.document
+        comment = Nokogiri::XML::Comment.new(@xml.at_css("employee"), "hello world")
+        assert_equal(@xml, comment.document)
       end
 
       def test_passing_anything_else
-        assert_raises ArgumentError do
-          Nokogiri::XML::Comment.new("NOT A NOKOGIRI CLASS", 'hello world')
+        assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+          Nokogiri::XML::Comment.new("NOT A NOKOGIRI CLASS", "hello world")
         end
       end
 
       def test_many_comments
-        100.times {
-          Nokogiri::XML::Comment.new(@xml, 'hello world')
-        }
+        100.times do
+          Nokogiri::XML::Comment.new(@xml, "hello world")
+        end
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_document.rb b/test/xml/test_document.rb
index 2462ebab8b..4afdca5d48 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_document.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_document.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 require "uri"
@@ -15,6 +16,13 @@ class TestDocument < Nokogiri::TestCase
 
         let(:xml) { Nokogiri::XML.parse(File.read(XML_FILE), XML_FILE) }
 
+        def test_default_namespace_inheritance
+          doc = Nokogiri::XML::Document.new
+          refute(doc.namespace_inheritance)
+          doc.namespace_inheritance = true
+          assert(doc.namespace_inheritance)
+        end
+
         def test_dtd_with_empty_internal_subset
           doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<~eoxml)
             <?xml version="1.0"?>
@@ -29,10 +37,10 @@ def test_dtd_with_empty_internal_subset
         def test_strict_parsing_empty_doc_should_raise_exception
           ["", " "].each do |empty_string|
             assert_raises(SyntaxError, "empty string '#{empty_string}' should raise a SyntaxError") do
-              Nokogiri::XML(empty_string) { |c| c.strict }
+              Nokogiri::XML(empty_string, &:strict)
             end
             assert_raises(SyntaxError, "StringIO of '#{empty_string}' should raise a SyntaxError") do
-              Nokogiri::XML(StringIO.new(empty_string)) { |c| c.strict }
+              Nokogiri::XML(StringIO.new(empty_string), &:strict)
             end
           end
         end
@@ -93,7 +101,7 @@ def test_million_laugh_attach
             ]>
             <lolz>&lol9;</lolz>
           EOF
-          assert_not_nil(doc)
+          refute_nil(doc)
         end
 
         def test_million_laugh_attach_2
@@ -112,7 +120,7 @@ def test_million_laugh_attach_2
              &a;
              </member>
           EOF
-          assert_not_nil(doc)
+          refute_nil(doc)
         end
 
         def test_ignore_unknown_namespace
@@ -137,7 +145,7 @@ def test_collect_namespaces
             </xml>
           eoxml
           assert_equal({ "xmlns" => "hello", "xmlns:foo" => "world" },
-                       doc.collect_namespaces)
+            doc.collect_namespaces)
         end
 
         def test_subclass_initialize_modify # testing a segv
@@ -190,22 +198,22 @@ def test_create_element_with_attributes
         end
 
         def test_create_element_with_namespace
-          elm = xml.create_element("foo", 'xmlns:foo': "http://tenderlovemaking.com")
+          elm = xml.create_element("foo", "xmlns:foo": "http://tenderlovemaking.com")
           assert_equal("http://tenderlovemaking.com", elm.namespaces["xmlns:foo"])
         end
 
         def test_create_element_with_hyphenated_namespace
-          elm = xml.create_element("foo", 'xmlns:SOAP-ENC': "http://tenderlovemaking.com")
+          elm = xml.create_element("foo", "xmlns:SOAP-ENC": "http://tenderlovemaking.com")
           assert_equal("http://tenderlovemaking.com", elm.namespaces["xmlns:SOAP-ENC"])
         end
 
         def test_create_element_with_invalid_namespace
           if Nokogiri.jruby?
             assert_raises(Java::OrgW3cDom::DOMException) do
-              xml.create_element("foo", 'xmlns:SOAP!ENC': "http://tenderlovemaking.com")
+              xml.create_element("foo", "xmlns:SOAP!ENC": "http://tenderlovemaking.com")
             end
           else
-            elm = xml.create_element("foo", 'xmlns:SOAP!ENC': "http://tenderlovemaking.com")
+            elm = xml.create_element("foo", "xmlns:SOAP!ENC": "http://tenderlovemaking.com")
             refute_includes(elm.namespaces.keys, "xmlns:SOAP!ENC")
           end
         end
@@ -242,13 +250,13 @@ def test_create_comment_with_block
         end
 
         def test_pp
-          out = StringIO.new(String.new)
+          out = StringIO.new((+""))
           ::PP.pp(xml, out)
           assert_operator(out.string.length, :>, 0)
         end
 
         def test_create_internal_subset_on_existing_subset
-          assert_not_nil(xml.internal_subset)
+          refute_nil(xml.internal_subset)
           assert_raises(RuntimeError) do
             xml.create_internal_subset("staff", nil, "staff.dtd")
           end
@@ -268,9 +276,7 @@ def test_create_internal_subset
         def test_external_subset
           assert_nil(xml.external_subset)
           xml = Dir.chdir(ASSETS_DIR) do
-            Nokogiri::XML.parse(File.read(XML_FILE), XML_FILE) do |cfg|
-              cfg.dtdload
-            end
+            Nokogiri::XML.parse(File.read(XML_FILE), XML_FILE, &:dtdload)
           end
           assert(xml.external_subset)
         end
@@ -278,9 +284,7 @@ def test_external_subset
         def test_create_external_subset_fails_with_existing_subset
           assert_nil(xml.external_subset)
           xml = Dir.chdir(ASSETS_DIR) do
-            Nokogiri::XML.parse(File.read(XML_FILE), XML_FILE) do |cfg|
-              cfg.dtdload
-            end
+            Nokogiri::XML.parse(File.read(XML_FILE), XML_FILE, &:dtdload)
           end
           assert(xml.external_subset)
 
@@ -302,31 +306,31 @@ def test_version
         end
 
         def test_add_namespace
-          assert_raise(NoMethodError) do
+          assert_raises(NoMethodError) do
             xml.add_namespace("foo", "bar")
           end
         end
 
         def test_attributes
-          assert_raise(NoMethodError) do
+          assert_raises(NoMethodError) do
             xml.attributes
           end
         end
 
         def test_namespace
-          assert_raise(NoMethodError) do
+          assert_raises(NoMethodError) do
             xml.namespace
           end
         end
 
         def test_namespace_definitions
-          assert_raise(NoMethodError) do
+          assert_raises(NoMethodError) do
             xml.namespace_definitions
           end
         end
 
         def test_line
-          assert_raise(NoMethodError) do
+          assert_raises(NoMethodError) do
             xml.line
           end
         end
@@ -374,13 +378,13 @@ def test_prepend
           doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root>")
 
           node_set = doc.root.prepend_child("<branch/>")
-          assert_equal(%w[branch], node_set.map(&:name))
+          assert_equal(["branch"], node_set.map(&:name))
 
           branch = doc.at("//branch")
 
-          leaves = %w[leaf1 leaf2 leaf3]
+          leaves = ["leaf1", "leaf2", "leaf3"]
           leaves.each do |name|
-            branch.prepend_child("<%s/>" % name)
+            branch.prepend_child(format("<%s/>", name))
           end
           assert_equal(leaves.length, branch.children.length)
           assert_equal(leaves.reverse, branch.children.map(&:name))
@@ -419,7 +423,7 @@ def test_validate
           if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
             assert_equal(45, xml.validate.length)
           else
-            xml = Nokogiri::XML.parse(File.read(XML_FILE), XML_FILE) { |cfg| cfg.dtdvalid }
+            xml = Nokogiri::XML.parse(File.read(XML_FILE), XML_FILE, &:dtdvalid)
             assert_equal(40, xml.validate.length)
           end
         end
@@ -464,9 +468,9 @@ def test_parse_yields_parse_options
             options = cfg
             options.nonet.nowarning.dtdattr
           end
-          assert(options.nonet?)
-          assert(options.nowarning?)
-          assert(options.dtdattr?)
+          assert_predicate(options, :nonet?)
+          assert_predicate(options, :nowarning?)
+          assert_predicate(options, :dtdattr?)
         end
 
         def test_XML_takes_block
@@ -475,9 +479,9 @@ def test_XML_takes_block
             options = cfg
             options.nonet.nowarning.dtdattr
           end
-          assert(options.nonet?)
-          assert(options.nowarning?)
-          assert(options.dtdattr?)
+          assert_predicate(options, :nonet?)
+          assert_predicate(options, :nowarning?)
+          assert_predicate(options, :dtdattr?)
         end
 
         def test_document_parse_method
@@ -518,7 +522,7 @@ def test_non_existant_function
 
         def test_xpath_syntax_error
           assert_raises(Nokogiri::XML::XPath::SyntaxError) do
-            xml.xpath('\\')
+            xml.xpath("\\")
           end
         end
 
@@ -607,7 +611,7 @@ def test_document_has_errors
           doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<~eoxml)
             <foo><bar></foo>
           eoxml
-          assert(doc.errors.length > 0)
+          refute_empty(doc.errors)
           doc.errors.each do |error|
             assert_match(error.message, error.inspect)
             assert_match(error.message, error.to_s)
@@ -620,21 +624,17 @@ def test_strict_document_throws_syntax_error
           end
 
           assert_raises(Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError) do
-            Nokogiri::XML("<foo><bar></foo>") do |cfg|
-              cfg.strict
-            end
+            Nokogiri::XML("<foo><bar></foo>", &:strict)
           end
 
           assert_raises(Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError) do
-            Nokogiri::XML(StringIO.new("<foo><bar></foo>")) do |cfg|
-              cfg.strict
-            end
+            Nokogiri::XML(StringIO.new("<foo><bar></foo>"), &:strict)
           end
         end
 
         def test_XML_function
           xml = Nokogiri::XML(File.read(XML_FILE), XML_FILE)
-          assert(xml.xml?)
+          assert_predicate(xml, :xml?)
         end
 
         def test_url
@@ -659,10 +659,10 @@ def test_parse_can_take_io
           File.open(XML_FILE, "rb") do |f|
             xml = Nokogiri::XML(f)
           end
-          assert(xml.xml?)
+          assert_predicate(xml, :xml?)
           assert_equal(XML_FILE, xml.url)
           set = xml.search("//employee")
-          assert(set.length > 0)
+          refute_empty(set)
         end
 
         def test_parsing_empty_io
@@ -673,6 +673,7 @@ def test_parsing_empty_io
         def test_parse_works_with_an_object_that_responds_to_read
           klass = Class.new do
             def initialize
+              super
               @contents = StringIO.new("<div>foo</div>")
             end
 
@@ -686,7 +687,7 @@ def read(*args)
         end
 
         def test_parse_works_with_an_object_that_responds_to_path
-          xml = String.new("<root><sub>hello</sub></root>")
+          xml = +"<root><sub>hello</sub></root>"
           def xml.path
             "/i/should/be/the/document/url"
           end
@@ -704,7 +705,7 @@ def test_parse_can_take_pathnames
 
           # an arbitrary assertion on the structure of the document
           assert_equal(20, doc.xpath("/xmlns:feed/xmlns:entry/xmlns:author",
-                                     "xmlns" => "http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom").length)
+            "xmlns" => "http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom").length)
           assert_equal(XML_ATOM_FILE, doc.url)
         end
 
@@ -721,17 +722,19 @@ def test_search_on_empty_documents
         end
 
         def test_document_search_with_multiple_queries
-          xml = '<document>
-                 <thing>
-                   <div class="title">important thing</div>
-                 </thing>
-                 <thing>
-                   <div class="content">stuff</div>
-                 </thing>
-                 <thing>
-                   <p class="blah">more stuff</div>
-                 </thing>
-               </document>'
+          xml = <<~EOF
+            <document>
+              <thing>
+                <div class="title">important thing</div>
+              </thing>
+              <thing>
+                <div class="content">stuff</div>
+              </thing>
+              <thing>
+                <p class="blah">more stuff</div>
+              </thing>
+            </document>
+          EOF
           document = Nokogiri::XML(xml)
           assert_kind_of(Nokogiri::XML::Document, document)
 
@@ -742,7 +745,7 @@ def test_document_search_with_multiple_queries
 
         def test_bad_xpath_raises_syntax_error
           assert_raises(XML::XPath::SyntaxError) do
-            xml.xpath('\\')
+            xml.xpath("\\")
           end
         end
 
@@ -774,7 +777,7 @@ def test_find_with_namespace
         end
 
         def test_xml?
-          assert(xml.xml?)
+          assert_predicate(xml, :xml?)
         end
 
         def test_document
@@ -783,7 +786,7 @@ def test_document
 
         def test_singleton_methods
           assert(node_set = xml.search("//name"))
-          assert(node_set.length > 0)
+          refute_empty(node_set)
           node = node_set.first
           def node.test
             "test"
@@ -825,14 +828,13 @@ def test_dump
         def test_dup
           dup = xml.dup
           assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::Document, dup)
-          assert(dup.xml?, "duplicate should be xml")
+          assert_predicate(dup, :xml?, "duplicate should be xml")
         end
 
         def test_new
-          doc = nil
           doc = Nokogiri::XML::Document.new
           assert(doc)
-          assert(doc.xml?)
+          assert_predicate(doc, :xml?)
           assert_nil(doc.root)
         end
 
@@ -892,7 +894,7 @@ def test_method
 
           util_decorate(xml, decorator)
 
-          assert(xml.search("//@street").first.respond_to?(:test_method))
+          assert_respond_to(xml.search("//@street").first, :test_method)
         end
 
         def test_subset_is_decorated
@@ -902,13 +904,13 @@ def awesome!
           end
           util_decorate(xml, x)
 
-          assert(xml.respond_to?(:awesome!))
+          assert_respond_to(xml, :awesome!)
           assert(node_set = xml.search("//staff"))
-          assert(node_set.respond_to?(:awesome!))
+          assert_respond_to(node_set, :awesome!)
           assert(subset = node_set.search(".//employee"))
-          assert(subset.respond_to?(:awesome!))
+          assert_respond_to(subset, :awesome!)
           assert(sub_subset = node_set.search(".//name"))
-          assert(sub_subset.respond_to?(:awesome!))
+          assert_respond_to(sub_subset, :awesome!)
         end
 
         def test_decorator_is_applied
@@ -918,14 +920,14 @@ def awesome!
           end
           util_decorate(xml, x)
 
-          assert(xml.respond_to?(:awesome!))
+          assert_respond_to(xml, :awesome!)
           assert(node_set = xml.search("//employee"))
-          assert(node_set.respond_to?(:awesome!))
+          assert_respond_to(node_set, :awesome!)
           node_set.each do |node|
-            assert(node.respond_to?(:awesome!), node.class)
+            assert_respond_to(node, :awesome!, node.class)
           end
-          assert(xml.root.respond_to?(:awesome!))
-          assert(xml.children.respond_to?(:awesome!))
+          assert_respond_to(xml.root, :awesome!)
+          assert_respond_to(xml.children, :awesome!)
         end
 
         def test_can_be_closed
@@ -957,16 +959,16 @@ def test_can_be_closed
                 rb_doc = Nokogiri::XML::Document.wrap(java_doc)
                 assert_equal(0, rb_doc.root.children.length)
 
-                java_doc.getFirstChild().appendChild(java_doc.createElement("bar"))
+                java_doc.getFirstChild.appendChild(java_doc.createElement("bar"))
                 assert_equal(1, rb_doc.root.children.length)
               end
 
               it "shares the same data structure as shown when modified via Nokogiri" do
                 rb_doc = Nokogiri::XML::Document.wrap(java_doc)
-                assert_equal(0, java_doc.getFirstChild().getChildNodes().getLength())
+                assert_equal(0, java_doc.getFirstChild.getChildNodes.getLength)
 
                 rb_doc.root.add_child("<bar />")
-                assert_equal(1, java_doc.getFirstChild().getChildNodes().getLength())
+                assert_equal(1, java_doc.getFirstChild.getChildNodes.getLength)
               end
             else
               it "does not have the method" do
@@ -984,22 +986,22 @@ def test_can_be_closed
               it "returns the underlying java object" do
                 java_doc = rb_doc.to_java
                 assert_kind_of(org.w3c.dom.Document, java_doc)
-                assert_equal("foo", java_doc.getDocumentElement().getTagName())
+                assert_equal("foo", java_doc.getDocumentElement.getTagName)
               end
 
               it "shares the same data structure as shown when modified via Nokogiri" do
                 java_doc = rb_doc.to_java
-                assert_equal(1, java_doc.getFirstChild().getChildNodes().getLength())
+                assert_equal(1, java_doc.getFirstChild.getChildNodes.getLength)
 
                 rb_doc.root.add_child("<baz />")
-                assert_equal(2, java_doc.getFirstChild().getChildNodes().getLength())
+                assert_equal(2, java_doc.getFirstChild.getChildNodes.getLength)
               end
 
               it "shares the same data structure as shown when modified via Java interop" do
                 java_doc = rb_doc.to_java
                 assert_equal(1, rb_doc.root.children.length)
 
-                java_doc.getFirstChild().appendChild(java_doc.createElement("baz"))
+                java_doc.getFirstChild.appendChild(java_doc.createElement("baz"))
                 assert_equal(2, rb_doc.root.children.length)
               end
             else
@@ -1019,7 +1021,7 @@ def test_can_be_closed
           end
 
           it "sets the test up correctly" do
-            assert(xml_strict.strict?)
+            assert_predicate(xml_strict, :strict?)
           end
 
           describe "read memory" do
@@ -1145,9 +1147,9 @@ def initialize(*args)
           end
 
           it "doesn't leak the replaced node" do
-            skip("only run if NOKOGIRI_GC is set") unless ENV['NOKOGIRI_GC']
+            skip("only run if NOKOGIRI_GC is set") unless ENV["NOKOGIRI_GC"]
             doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root>test</root>")
-            doc2 = Nokogiri::XML("<root>#{'x' * 5000000}</root>")
+            doc2 = Nokogiri::XML("<root>#{"x" * 5000000}</root>")
             doc2.root = doc.root
           end
 
@@ -1164,7 +1166,19 @@ def initialize(*args)
             e = assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
               doc.root = node_set
             end
-            assert_equal("expected Nokogiri::XML::Node but received Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet", e.message);
+            assert_equal("expected Nokogiri::XML::Node but received Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet", e.message)
+          end
+        end
+
+        describe "#path" do
+          it "should return '/'" do
+            xml = <<~EOF
+              <root></root>
+            EOF
+
+            doc = Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse(xml)
+            assert_equal("/", doc.path)
+            assert_equal(doc, doc.at_xpath(doc.path)) # make sure we can round-trip
           end
         end
       end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_document_encoding.rb b/test/xml/test_document_encoding.rb
index 0f1bebc6d4..61965fab81 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_document_encoding.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_document_encoding.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -9,22 +11,22 @@ def setup
       end
 
       def test_url
-        assert_equal 'UTF-8', @xml.url.encoding.name
+        assert_equal("UTF-8", @xml.url.encoding.name)
       end
 
       def test_encoding
-        assert_equal 'UTF-8', @xml.encoding.encoding.name
+        assert_equal("UTF-8", @xml.encoding.encoding.name)
       end
 
       def test_dotted_version
         skip_unless_libxml2
-        assert_equal "UTF-8", Nokogiri::LIBXML_COMPILED_VERSION.encoding.name
-        assert_equal "UTF-8", Nokogiri::LIBXSLT_COMPILED_VERSION.encoding.name
+        assert_equal("UTF-8", Nokogiri::LIBXML_COMPILED_VERSION.encoding.name)
+        assert_equal("UTF-8", Nokogiri::LIBXSLT_COMPILED_VERSION.encoding.name)
       end
 
       def test_empty_doc_encoding
-        encoding = 'US-ASCII'
-        assert_equal encoding, Nokogiri::XML(nil, nil, encoding).encoding
+        encoding = "US-ASCII"
+        assert_equal(encoding, Nokogiri::XML(nil, nil, encoding).encoding)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_document_fragment.rb b/test/xml/test_document_fragment.rb
index b7de6f3444..6e2dfa0cb8 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_document_fragment.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_document_fragment.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -11,26 +12,26 @@ def test_replace_text_node
           html = "foo"
           doc = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.parse(html)
           doc.children[0].replace("bar")
-          assert_equal('bar', doc.children[0].content)
+          assert_equal("bar", doc.children[0].content)
         end
 
         def test_fragment_is_relative
           doc      = Nokogiri::XML('<root><a xmlns="blah" /></root>')
           ctx      = doc.root.child
-          fragment = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.new(doc, '<hello />', ctx)
+          fragment = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.new(doc, "<hello />", ctx)
           hello    = fragment.child
 
-          assert_equal('hello', hello.name)
+          assert_equal("hello", hello.name)
           assert_equal(doc.root.child.namespace, hello.namespace)
         end
 
         def test_node_fragment_is_relative
           doc = Nokogiri::XML('<root><a xmlns="blah" /></root>')
           assert(doc.root.child)
-          fragment = doc.root.child.fragment('<hello />')
+          fragment = doc.root.child.fragment("<hello />")
           hello    = fragment.child
 
-          assert_equal('hello', hello.name)
+          assert_equal("hello", hello.name)
           assert_equal(doc.root.child.namespace, hello.namespace)
         end
 
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ def test_fragment_should_have_document
 
         def test_name
           fragment = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.new(xml)
-          assert_equal('#document-fragment', fragment.name)
+          assert_equal("#document-fragment", fragment.name)
         end
 
         def test_static_method
@@ -112,12 +113,12 @@ def test_fragment_children_search
           fragment = Nokogiri::XML::Document.new.fragment(
             '<div><p id="content">hi</p></div>'
           )
-          expected = fragment.children.xpath('.//p')
+          expected = fragment.children.xpath(".//p")
           assert_equal(1, expected.length)
 
-          css          = fragment.children.css('p')
-          search_css   = fragment.children.search('p')
-          search_xpath = fragment.children.search('.//p')
+          css          = fragment.children.css("p")
+          search_css   = fragment.children.search("p")
+          search_xpath = fragment.children.search(".//p")
           assert_equal(expected, css)
           assert_equal(expected, search_css)
           assert_equal(expected, search_xpath)
@@ -130,14 +131,14 @@ def test_fragment_css_search_with_whitespace_and_node_removal
           fragment = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.parse(<<~EOXML)
             <p id="content">hi</p> x <!--y--> <p>another paragraph</p>
           EOXML
-          children = fragment.css('p')
+          children = fragment.css("p")
           assert_equal(2, children.length)
           # removing the last node instead does not yield the error. Probably the
           # node removal leaves around two consecutive text nodes which make the
           # css search crash?
           children.first.remove
-          assert_equal(1, fragment.xpath('.//p | self::p').length)
-          assert_equal(1, fragment.css('p').length)
+          assert_equal(1, fragment.xpath(".//p | self::p").length)
+          assert_equal(1, fragment.css("p").length)
         end
 
         def test_fragment_search_three_ways
@@ -146,32 +147,53 @@ def test_fragment_search_three_ways
           assert_equal(2, expected.length)
 
           [
-            [:css, '#content'],
-            [:search, '#content'],
-            [:search, './*[@id = \'content\']'],
+            [:css, "#content"],
+            [:search, "#content"],
+            [:search, "./*[@id = 'content']"],
           ].each do |method, query|
             result = frag.send(method, query)
             assert_equal(expected, result,
-                         "fragment search with :#{method} using '#{query}' expected '#{expected}' got '#{result}'")
+              "fragment search with :#{method} using '#{query}' expected '#{expected}' got '#{result}'")
           end
         end
 
+        def test_search_direct_children_of_fragment
+          xml = <<~XML
+            <div class="section header" id="1">
+              <div class="subsection header">sub 1</div>
+              <div class="subsection header">sub 2</div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="section header" id="2">
+              <div class="subsection header">sub 3</div>
+              <div class="subsection header">sub 4</div>
+            </div>
+          XML
+          fragment = Nokogiri::XML.fragment(xml)
+          result = (fragment > "div.header")
+          assert_equal(2, result.length)
+          assert_equal(["1", "2"], result.map { |n| n["id"] })
+
+          assert_empty(fragment > ".no-such-match")
+        end
+
         def test_fragment_search_with_multiple_queries
-          xml = '<thing>
-                 <div class="title">important thing</div>
-               </thing>
-               <thing>
-                 <div class="content">stuff</div>
-               </thing>
-               <thing>
-                 <p class="blah">more stuff</div>
-               </thing>'
+          xml = <<~EOF
+            <thing>
+              <div class="title">important thing</div>
+            </thing>
+            <thing>
+              <div class="content">stuff</div>
+            </thing>
+            <thing>
+              <p class="blah">more stuff</div>
+            </thing>
+          EOF
           fragment = Nokogiri::XML.fragment(xml)
           assert_kind_of(Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment, fragment)
 
-          assert_equal(3, fragment.xpath('.//div', './/p').length)
-          assert_equal(3, fragment.css('.title', '.content', 'p').length)
-          assert_equal(3, fragment.search('.//div', 'p.blah').length)
+          assert_equal(3, fragment.xpath(".//div", ".//p").length)
+          assert_equal(3, fragment.css(".title", ".content", "p").length)
+          assert_equal(3, fragment.search(".//div", "p.blah").length)
         end
 
         def test_fragment_without_a_namespace_does_not_get_a_namespace
@@ -215,12 +237,12 @@ def awesome!
           util_decorate(xml, x)
           fragment = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.new(xml, "<div>a</div><div>b</div>")
 
-          assert(node_set = fragment.css('div'))
-          assert(node_set.respond_to?(:awesome!))
+          assert(node_set = fragment.css("div"))
+          assert_respond_to(node_set, :awesome!)
           node_set.each do |node|
-            assert(node.respond_to?(:awesome!), node.class)
+            assert_respond_to(node, :awesome!, node.class)
           end
-          assert(fragment.children.respond_to?(:awesome!), fragment.children.class)
+          assert_respond_to(fragment.children, :awesome!, fragment.children.class)
         end
 
         def test_decorator_is_applied_to_empty_set
@@ -230,12 +252,12 @@ def awesome!
           end
           util_decorate(xml, x)
           fragment = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.new(xml, "")
-          assert(fragment.children.respond_to?(:awesome!), fragment.children.class)
+          assert_respond_to(fragment.children, :awesome!, fragment.children.class)
         end
 
         def test_add_node_to_doc_fragment_segfault
-          frag = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.new(xml, '<p>hello world</p>')
-          Nokogiri::XML::Comment.new(frag, 'moo')
+          frag = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.new(xml, "<p>hello world</p>")
+          Nokogiri::XML::Comment.new(frag, "moo")
         end
 
         def test_issue_1077_parsing_of_frozen_strings
@@ -255,7 +277,7 @@ def test_dup_should_exist_in_a_new_document
           # https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1063
           original = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.parse("<div><p>hello</p></div>")
           duplicate = original.dup
-          assert_not_equal(original.document, duplicate.document)
+          refute_equal(original.document, duplicate.document)
         end
 
         def test_dup_should_create_an_xml_document_fragment
@@ -276,7 +298,7 @@ def test_dup_creates_mutable_tree
           duplicate = original.dup
           duplicate.at_css("div").add_child("<b>hello there</b>")
           assert_nil(original.at_css("b"))
-          assert_not_nil(duplicate.at_css("b"))
+          refute_nil(duplicate.at_css("b"))
         end
 
         def test_for_libxml_in_context_fragment_parsing_bug_workaround
@@ -310,6 +332,147 @@ def test_for_libxml_in_context_memory_badness_when_encountering_encoding_errors
           end
         end
 
+        describe "parse options" do
+          let(:xml_default) do
+            Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_XML)
+          end
+
+          let(:xml_strict) do
+            Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_XML).norecover
+          end
+
+          let(:input) { "<a>foo</a" }
+
+          it "sets the test up correctly" do
+            assert_predicate(xml_strict, :strict?)
+          end
+
+          describe "XML.fragment" do
+            it "has sane defaults" do
+              frag = Nokogiri::XML.fragment(input)
+              assert_equal("<a>foo</a>", frag.to_html)
+              refute_empty(frag.errors)
+            end
+
+            it "accepts options" do
+              frag = Nokogiri::XML.fragment(input, xml_default)
+              assert_equal("<a>foo</a>", frag.to_html)
+              refute_empty(frag.errors)
+
+              assert_raises(Nokogiri::SyntaxError) do
+                Nokogiri::XML.fragment(input, xml_strict)
+              end
+            end
+
+            it "takes a config block" do
+              default_config = nil
+              Nokogiri::XML.fragment(input) do |config|
+                default_config = config
+              end
+              refute_predicate(default_config, :strict?)
+
+              assert_raises(Nokogiri::SyntaxError) do
+                Nokogiri::XML.fragment(input, &:norecover)
+              end
+            end
+          end
+
+          describe "XML::DocumentFragment.parse" do
+            it "has sane defaults" do
+              frag = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.parse(input)
+              assert_equal("<a>foo</a>", frag.to_html)
+              refute_empty(frag.errors)
+            end
+
+            it "accepts options" do
+              frag = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.parse(input, xml_default)
+              assert_equal("<a>foo</a>", frag.to_html)
+              refute_empty(frag.errors)
+
+              assert_raises(Nokogiri::SyntaxError) do
+                Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.parse(input, xml_strict)
+              end
+            end
+
+            it "takes a config block" do
+              default_config = nil
+              Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.parse(input) do |config|
+                default_config = config
+              end
+              refute_predicate(default_config, :strict?)
+
+              assert_raises(Nokogiri::SyntaxError) do
+                Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.parse(input, &:norecover)
+              end
+            end
+          end
+
+          describe "XML::DocumentFragment.new" do
+            describe "without a context node" do
+              it "has sane defaults" do
+                frag = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.new(Nokogiri::XML::Document.new, input)
+                assert_equal("<a>foo</a>", frag.to_html)
+                refute_empty(frag.errors)
+              end
+
+              it "accepts options" do
+                frag = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.new(Nokogiri::XML::Document.new, input, nil, xml_default)
+                assert_equal("<a>foo</a>", frag.to_html)
+                refute_empty(frag.errors)
+
+                assert_raises(Nokogiri::SyntaxError) do
+                  Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.new(Nokogiri::XML::Document.new, input, nil, xml_strict)
+                end
+              end
+
+              it "takes a config block" do
+                default_config = nil
+                Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.new(Nokogiri::XML::Document.new, input) do |config|
+                  default_config = config
+                end
+                refute_predicate(default_config, :strict?)
+
+                assert_raises(Nokogiri::SyntaxError) do
+                  Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.new(Nokogiri::XML::Document.new, input, &:norecover)
+                end
+              end
+            end
+
+            describe "with a context node" do
+              let(:document) { Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse("<context></context>") }
+              let(:context_node) { document.at_css("context") }
+
+              it "has sane defaults" do
+                frag = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.new(document, input, context_node)
+                assert_equal("<a>foo</a>", frag.to_html)
+                refute_empty(frag.errors)
+              end
+
+              it "accepts options" do
+                frag = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.new(document, input, context_node, xml_default)
+                assert_equal("<a>foo</a>", frag.to_html)
+                refute_empty(frag.errors)
+
+                assert_raises(Nokogiri::SyntaxError) do
+                  Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.new(document, input, context_node, xml_strict)
+                end
+              end
+
+              it "takes a config block" do
+                default_config = nil
+                Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.new(document, input, context_node) do |config|
+                  default_config = config
+                end
+                refute_predicate(default_config, :strict?)
+
+                assert_raises(Nokogiri::SyntaxError) do
+                  Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.new(document, input, context_node, &:norecover)
+                end
+              end
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
         describe "subclassing" do
           let(:klass) do
             Class.new(Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment) do
@@ -363,6 +526,25 @@ def initialize(*args)
             end
           end
         end
+
+        describe "#path" do
+          it "should return '?'" do
+            # see https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2250
+            # this behavior is clearly undesirable, but is what libxml <= 2.9.10 returned, and so we
+            # do this for now to preserve the behavior across libxml2 versions.
+            xml = <<~EOF
+              <root1></root1>
+              <root2></root2>
+            EOF
+
+            frag = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.parse(xml)
+            assert_equal "?", frag.path
+
+            # # TODO: we should circle back and fix both the `#path` behavior and the `#xpath`
+            # # behavior so we can round-trip and get the DocumentFragment back again.
+            # assert_equal(frag, frag.at_xpath(doc.path)) # make sure we can round-trip
+          end
+        end
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_dtd.rb b/test/xml/test_dtd.rb
index 4668a1fb98..02a2d3baf7 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_dtd.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_dtd.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -6,181 +8,181 @@ class TestDTD < Nokogiri::TestCase
       def setup
         super
         @xml = Nokogiri::XML(File.open(XML_FILE))
-        assert @dtd = @xml.internal_subset
+        assert(@dtd = @xml.internal_subset)
       end
 
       def test_system_id
-        assert_equal 'staff.dtd', @dtd.system_id
+        assert_equal("staff.dtd", @dtd.system_id)
       end
 
       def test_external_id
         xml = Nokogiri::XML('<!DOCTYPE foo PUBLIC "bar" ""><foo />')
-        assert dtd = xml.internal_subset, 'no internal subset'
-        assert_equal 'bar', dtd.external_id
+        assert(dtd = xml.internal_subset, "no internal subset")
+        assert_equal("bar", dtd.external_id)
       end
 
       def test_html_dtd
         {
-          'MathML 2.0' => [
+          "MathML 2.0" => [
             '<!DOCTYPE math PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD MathML 2.0//EN" "http://www.w3.org/Math/DTD/mathml2/mathml2.dtd">',
             false,
             false,
           ],
-          'HTML 2.0' => [
+          "HTML 2.0" => [
             '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">',
             true,
             false,
           ],
-          'HTML 3.2' => [
+          "HTML 3.2" => [
             '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">',
             true,
             false,
           ],
-          'XHTML Basic 1.0' => [
+          "XHTML Basic 1.0" => [
             '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML Basic 1.0//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-basic/xhtml-basic10.dtd">',
             true,
             false,
           ],
-          'XHTML 1.0 Strict' => [
+          "XHTML 1.0 Strict" => [
             '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">',
             true,
             false,
           ],
-          'XHTML + MathML + SVG Profile (XHTML as the host language)' => [
+          "XHTML + MathML + SVG Profile (XHTML as the host language)" => [
             '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1 plus MathML 2.0 plus SVG 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/2002/04/xhtml-math-svg/xhtml-math-svg.dtd">',
             true,
             false,
           ],
-          'XHTML + MathML + SVG Profile (Using SVG as the host)' => [
+          "XHTML + MathML + SVG Profile (Using SVG as the host)" => [
             '<!DOCTYPE svg:svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1 plus MathML 2.0 plus SVG 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/2002/04/xhtml-math-svg/xhtml-math-svg.dtd">',
             false,
             false,
           ],
-          'CHTML 1.0' => [
+          "CHTML 1.0" => [
             '<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD Compact HTML 1.0 Draft//EN">',
             true,
             false,
           ],
-          'HTML 4.01 Strict' => [
+          "HTML 4.01 Strict" => [
             '<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">',
             true,
             false,
           ],
-          'HTML 4.01 Transitional' => [
+          "HTML 4.01 Transitional" => [
             '<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">',
             true,
             false,
           ],
-          'HTML 4.01 Frameset' => [
+          "HTML 4.01 Frameset" => [
             '<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/frameset.dtd">',
             true,
             false,
           ],
-          'HTML 5' => [
-            '<!DOCTYPE html>',
+          "HTML 5" => [
+            "<!DOCTYPE html>",
             true,
             true,
           ],
-          'HTML 5 legacy compatible' => [
+          "HTML 5 legacy compatible" => [
             '<!DOCTYPE HTML SYSTEM "about:legacy-compat">',
             true,
             true,
           ],
-        }.each { |name, (dtd_str, html_p, html5_p)|
+        }.each do |name, (dtd_str, html_p, html5_p)|
           doc = Nokogiri(dtd_str)
           dtd = doc.internal_subset
-          assert_instance_of Nokogiri::XML::DTD, dtd, name
+          assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::DTD, dtd, name)
           if html_p
-            assert dtd.html_dtd?, name
+            assert_predicate(dtd, :html_dtd?, "expected #{name} to be html_dtd?")
           else
-            refute dtd.html_dtd?, name
+            refute_predicate(dtd, :html_dtd?, "expected #{name} to not be html_dtd?")
           end
           if html5_p
-            assert dtd.html5_dtd?, name
+            assert_predicate(dtd, :html5_dtd?, "expected #{name} to be html5_dtd?")
           else
-            refute dtd.html5_dtd?, name
+            refute_predicate(dtd, :html5_dtd?, "expected #{name} to not be html5_dtd?")
           end
-        }
+        end
       end
 
       def test_content
-        assert_raise NoMethodError do
+        assert_raises(NoMethodError) do
           @dtd.content
         end
       end
 
       def test_empty_attributes
         dtd = Nokogiri::HTML("<html></html>").internal_subset
-        assert_equal Hash.new, dtd.attributes
+        assert_empty(dtd.attributes)
       end
 
       def test_attributes
-        assert_equal ['width'], @dtd.attributes.keys
-        assert_equal '0', @dtd.attributes['width'].default
+        assert_equal(["width"], @dtd.attributes.keys)
+        assert_equal("0", @dtd.attributes["width"].default)
       end
 
       def test_keys
-        assert_equal ['width'], @dtd.keys
+        assert_equal(["width"], @dtd.keys)
       end
 
       def test_each
         hash = {}
         @dtd.each { |key, value| hash[key] = value }
-        assert_equal @dtd.attributes, hash
+        assert_equal(@dtd.attributes, hash)
       end
 
       def test_namespace
-        assert_raise NoMethodError do
+        assert_raises(NoMethodError) do
           @dtd.namespace
         end
       end
 
       def test_namespace_definitions
-        assert_raise NoMethodError do
+        assert_raises(NoMethodError) do
           @dtd.namespace_definitions
         end
       end
 
       def test_line
-        assert_raise NoMethodError do
+        assert_raises(NoMethodError) do
           @dtd.line
         end
       end
 
       def test_validate
         if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
-          list = @xml.internal_subset.validate @xml
-          assert_equal 45, list.length
+          list = @xml.internal_subset.validate(@xml)
+          assert_equal(45, list.length)
         else
-          xml = Nokogiri::XML(File.open(XML_FILE)) {|cfg| cfg.dtdvalid}
-          list = xml.internal_subset.validate xml
-          assert_equal 40, list.length
+          xml = Nokogiri::XML(File.open(XML_FILE), &:dtdvalid)
+          list = xml.internal_subset.validate(xml)
+          assert_equal(40, list.length)
         end
       end
 
       def test_external_subsets
-        assert subset = @xml.internal_subset
-        assert_equal 'staff', subset.name
+        assert(subset = @xml.internal_subset)
+        assert_equal("staff", subset.name)
       end
 
       def test_entities
-        assert entities = @dtd.entities
-        assert_equal %w[ ent1 ent2 ent3 ent4 ent5 ].sort, entities.keys.sort
+        assert(entities = @dtd.entities)
+        assert_equal(["ent1", "ent2", "ent3", "ent4", "ent5"].sort, entities.keys.sort)
       end
 
       def test_elements
-        assert elements = @dtd.elements
-        assert_equal %w[ br ], elements.keys
-        assert_equal 'br', elements['br'].name
+        assert(elements = @dtd.elements)
+        assert_equal(["br"], elements.keys)
+        assert_equal("br", elements["br"].name)
       end
 
       def test_notations
-        assert notations = @dtd.notations
-        assert_equal %w[ notation1 notation2 ].sort, notations.keys.sort
-        assert notation1 = notations['notation1']
-        assert_equal 'notation1', notation1.name
-        assert_equal 'notation1File', notation1.public_id
-        assert_nil notation1.system_id
+        assert(notations = @dtd.notations)
+        assert_equal(["notation1", "notation2"].sort, notations.keys.sort)
+        assert(notation1 = notations["notation1"])
+        assert_equal("notation1", notation1.name)
+        assert_equal("notation1File", notation1.public_id)
+        assert_nil(notation1.system_id)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_dtd_encoding.rb b/test/xml/test_dtd_encoding.rb
index ddcc3da9de..bee5c6eaf4 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_dtd_encoding.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_dtd_encoding.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
 require "helper"
 
@@ -7,22 +8,22 @@ module XML
     class TestDTDEncoding < Nokogiri::TestCase
       def setup
         super
-        @xml = Nokogiri::XML(File.read(XML_FILE), XML_FILE, 'UTF-8')
-        assert @dtd = @xml.internal_subset
+        @xml = Nokogiri::XML(File.read(XML_FILE), XML_FILE, "UTF-8")
+        assert(@dtd = @xml.internal_subset)
       end
 
       def test_entities
-        @dtd.entities.each do |k,v|
-          assert_equal @xml.encoding, k.encoding.name
+        @dtd.entities.each do |k, _v|
+          assert_equal(@xml.encoding, k.encoding.name)
         end
       end
 
       def test_notations
-        @dtd.notations.each do |k,notation|
-          assert_equal 'UTF-8', k.encoding.name
-          %w{ name public_id system_id }.each do |attribute|
+        @dtd.notations.each do |k, notation|
+          assert_equal("UTF-8", k.encoding.name)
+          ["name", "public_id", "system_id"].each do |attribute|
             v = notation.send(:"#{attribute}") || next
-            assert_equal 'UTF-8', v.encoding.name
+            assert_equal("UTF-8", v.encoding.name)
           end
         end
       end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_element_content.rb b/test/xml/test_element_content.rb
index a9a9def727..5b7b52e753 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_element_content.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_element_content.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -5,51 +7,51 @@ module XML
     class TestElementContent < Nokogiri::TestCase
       def setup
         super
-        @xml = Nokogiri::XML(<<-eoxml)
-<?xml version="1.0"?><?TEST-STYLE PIDATA?>
-<!DOCTYPE staff SYSTEM "staff.dtd" [
-   <!ELEMENT br EMPTY>
-   <!ELEMENT div1 (head, (p | list | note)*, div2*)>
-   <!ELEMENT div2 (tender:love)>
-]>
-<root/>
+        @xml = Nokogiri::XML(<<~eoxml)
+          <?xml version="1.0"?><?TEST-STYLE PIDATA?>
+          <!DOCTYPE staff SYSTEM "staff.dtd" [
+             <!ELEMENT br EMPTY>
+             <!ELEMENT div1 (head, (p | list | note)*, div2*)>
+             <!ELEMENT div2 (tender:love)>
+          ]>
+          <root/>
         eoxml
-        @elements = @xml.internal_subset.children.find_all { |x|
+        @elements = @xml.internal_subset.children.find_all do |x|
           x.type == 15
-        }
+        end
         @tree = @elements[1].content
       end
 
       def test_allowed_content_not_defined
-        assert_nil @elements.first.content
+        assert_nil(@elements.first.content)
       end
 
       def test_document
-        assert @tree
-        assert_equal @xml, @tree.document
+        assert(@tree)
+        assert_equal(@xml, @tree.document)
       end
 
       def test_type
-        assert_equal ElementContent::SEQ, @tree.type
+        assert_equal(ElementContent::SEQ, @tree.type)
       end
 
       def test_children
-        assert_equal 2, @tree.children.length
+        assert_equal(2, @tree.children.length)
       end
 
       def test_name
-        assert_nil @tree.name
-        assert_equal 'head', @tree.children.first.name
-        assert_equal 'p', @tree.children[1].children.first.children.first.name
+        assert_nil(@tree.name)
+        assert_equal("head", @tree.children.first.name)
+        assert_equal("p", @tree.children[1].children.first.children.first.name)
       end
 
       def test_occur
-        assert_equal ElementContent::ONCE, @tree.occur
+        assert_equal(ElementContent::ONCE, @tree.occur)
       end
 
       def test_prefix
-        assert_nil @tree.prefix
-        assert_equal 'tender', @elements[2].content.prefix
+        assert_nil(@tree.prefix)
+        assert_equal("tender", @elements[2].content.prefix)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_element_decl.rb b/test/xml/test_element_decl.rb
index 0e73d7f914..67f1e2c8eb 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_element_decl.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_element_decl.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -5,68 +7,68 @@ module XML
     class TestElementDecl < Nokogiri::TestCase
       def setup
         super
-        @xml = Nokogiri::XML(<<-eoxml)
-<?xml version="1.0"?><?TEST-STYLE PIDATA?>
-<!DOCTYPE staff SYSTEM "staff.dtd" [
-   <!ELEMENT br EMPTY>
-   <!ELEMENT div1 (head, (p | list | note)*, div2*)>
-   <!ELEMENT my:way EMPTY>
-   <!ATTLIST br width CDATA "0">
-   <!ATTLIST br height CDATA "0">
-]>
-<root/>
+        @xml = Nokogiri::XML(<<~eoxml)
+          <?xml version="1.0"?><?TEST-STYLE PIDATA?>
+          <!DOCTYPE staff SYSTEM "staff.dtd" [
+             <!ELEMENT br EMPTY>
+             <!ELEMENT div1 (head, (p | list | note)*, div2*)>
+             <!ELEMENT my:way EMPTY>
+             <!ATTLIST br width CDATA "0">
+             <!ATTLIST br height CDATA "0">
+          ]>
+          <root/>
         eoxml
-        @elements = @xml.internal_subset.children.find_all { |x|
+        @elements = @xml.internal_subset.children.find_all do |x|
           x.type == 15
-        }
+        end
       end
 
       def test_inspect
         e = @elements.first
         assert_equal(
-          "#<#{e.class.name}:#{sprintf("0x%x", e.object_id)} #{e.to_s.inspect}>",
+          "#<#{e.class.name}:#{format("0x%x", e.object_id)} #{e.to_s.inspect}>",
           e.inspect
         )
       end
 
       def test_prefix
-        assert_nil @elements[1].prefix
-        assert_equal 'my', @elements[2].prefix
+        assert_nil(@elements[1].prefix)
+        assert_equal("my", @elements[2].prefix)
       end
 
       def test_line
-        assert_raise NoMethodError do
+        assert_raises(NoMethodError) do
           @elements.first.line
         end
       end
 
       def test_namespace
-        assert_raise NoMethodError do
+        assert_raises(NoMethodError) do
           @elements.first.namespace
         end
       end
 
       def test_namespace_definitions
-        assert_raise NoMethodError do
+        assert_raises(NoMethodError) do
           @elements.first.namespace_definitions
         end
       end
 
       def test_element_type
-        assert_equal 1, @elements.first.element_type
+        assert_equal(1, @elements.first.element_type)
       end
 
       def test_type
-        assert_equal 15, @elements.first.type
+        assert_equal(15, @elements.first.type)
       end
 
       def test_class
-        assert_instance_of Nokogiri::XML::ElementDecl, @elements.first
+        assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::ElementDecl, @elements.first)
       end
 
       def test_attributes
-        assert_equal 2, @elements.first.attribute_nodes.length
-        assert_equal 'width', @elements.first.attribute_nodes.first.name
+        assert_equal(2, @elements.first.attribute_nodes.length)
+        assert_equal("width", @elements.first.attribute_nodes.first.name)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_entity_decl.rb b/test/xml/test_entity_decl.rb
index 113ae58c0b..f5ca413d56 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_entity_decl.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_entity_decl.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -5,13 +7,13 @@ module XML
     class TestEntityDecl < Nokogiri::TestCase
       def setup
         super
-        @xml = Nokogiri::XML(<<-eoxml)
-<?xml version="1.0"?><?TEST-STYLE PIDATA?>
-<!DOCTYPE staff SYSTEM "staff.dtd" [
-   <!ENTITY ent1 "es">
-   <!ENTITY nocontent "">
-]>
-<root />
+        @xml = Nokogiri::XML(<<~eoxml)
+          <?xml version="1.0"?><?TEST-STYLE PIDATA?>
+          <!DOCTYPE staff SYSTEM "staff.dtd" [
+             <!ENTITY ent1 "es">
+             <!ENTITY nocontent "">
+          ]>
+          <root />
         eoxml
 
         @entities = @xml.internal_subset.children
@@ -19,101 +21,101 @@ def setup
       end
 
       def test_constants
-        assert_equal 1, EntityDecl::INTERNAL_GENERAL
-        assert_equal 2, EntityDecl::EXTERNAL_GENERAL_PARSED
-        assert_equal 3, EntityDecl::EXTERNAL_GENERAL_UNPARSED
-        assert_equal 4, EntityDecl::INTERNAL_PARAMETER
-        assert_equal 5, EntityDecl::EXTERNAL_PARAMETER
-        assert_equal 6, EntityDecl::INTERNAL_PREDEFINED
+        assert_equal(1, EntityDecl::INTERNAL_GENERAL)
+        assert_equal(2, EntityDecl::EXTERNAL_GENERAL_PARSED)
+        assert_equal(3, EntityDecl::EXTERNAL_GENERAL_UNPARSED)
+        assert_equal(4, EntityDecl::INTERNAL_PARAMETER)
+        assert_equal(5, EntityDecl::EXTERNAL_PARAMETER)
+        assert_equal(6, EntityDecl::INTERNAL_PREDEFINED)
       end
 
       def test_create_typed_entity
         entity = @xml.create_entity(
-          'foo', EntityDecl::INTERNAL_GENERAL, nil, nil, nil
+          "foo", EntityDecl::INTERNAL_GENERAL, nil, nil, nil
         )
-        assert_equal EntityDecl::INTERNAL_GENERAL, entity.entity_type
-        assert_equal 'foo', entity.name
+        assert_equal(EntityDecl::INTERNAL_GENERAL, entity.entity_type)
+        assert_equal("foo", entity.name)
       end
 
       def test_new
         entity = Nokogiri::XML::EntityDecl.new(
-          'foo', @xml, EntityDecl::INTERNAL_GENERAL, nil, nil, nil
+          "foo", @xml, EntityDecl::INTERNAL_GENERAL, nil, nil, nil
         )
-        assert_equal EntityDecl::INTERNAL_GENERAL, entity.entity_type
-        assert_equal 'foo', entity.name
+        assert_equal(EntityDecl::INTERNAL_GENERAL, entity.entity_type)
+        assert_equal("foo", entity.name)
       end
 
       def test_create_default_args
-        entity = @xml.create_entity('foo')
-        assert_equal EntityDecl::INTERNAL_GENERAL, entity.entity_type
-        assert_equal 'foo', entity.name
+        entity = @xml.create_entity("foo")
+        assert_equal(EntityDecl::INTERNAL_GENERAL, entity.entity_type)
+        assert_equal("foo", entity.name)
       end
 
       def test_external_id
-        assert_nil @entity_decl.external_id
+        assert_nil(@entity_decl.external_id)
       end
 
       def test_system_id
-        assert_nil @entity_decl.system_id
+        assert_nil(@entity_decl.system_id)
       end
 
       def test_entity_type
-        assert_equal 1, @entity_decl.entity_type
+        assert_equal(1, @entity_decl.entity_type)
       end
 
       def test_original_content
-        assert_equal "es", @entity_decl.original_content
+        assert_equal("es", @entity_decl.original_content)
         if Nokogiri.jruby?
-          assert_nil @entities[1].original_content
+          assert_nil(@entities[1].original_content)
         else
-          assert_equal "", @entities[1].original_content
+          assert_equal("", @entities[1].original_content)
         end
       end
 
       def test_content
-        assert_equal "es", @entity_decl.content
+        assert_equal("es", @entity_decl.content)
         if Nokogiri.jruby?
-          assert_nil @entities[1].content
+          assert_nil(@entities[1].content)
         else
-          assert_equal "", @entities[1].content
+          assert_equal("", @entities[1].content)
         end
       end
 
       def test_type
-        assert_equal 17, @entities.first.type
+        assert_equal(17, @entities.first.type)
       end
 
       def test_class
-        assert_instance_of Nokogiri::XML::EntityDecl, @entities.first
+        assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::EntityDecl, @entities.first)
       end
 
       def test_attributes
-        assert_raise NoMethodError do
+        assert_raises(NoMethodError) do
           @entity_decl.attributes
         end
       end
 
       def test_namespace
-        assert_raise NoMethodError do
+        assert_raises(NoMethodError) do
           @entity_decl.namespace
         end
       end
 
       def test_namespace_definitions
-        assert_raise NoMethodError do
+        assert_raises(NoMethodError) do
           @entity_decl.namespace_definitions
         end
       end
 
       def test_line
-        assert_raise NoMethodError do
+        assert_raises(NoMethodError) do
           @entity_decl.line
         end
       end
 
       def test_inspect
         assert_equal(
-          "#<#{@entity_decl.class.name}:#{sprintf("0x%x", @entity_decl.object_id)} #{@entity_decl.to_s.inspect}>",
+          "#<#{@entity_decl.class.name}:#{format("0x%x", @entity_decl.object_id)} #{@entity_decl.to_s.inspect}>",
           @entity_decl.inspect
         )
       end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_entity_reference.rb b/test/xml/test_entity_reference.rb
index cf40044241..998896cf11 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_entity_reference.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_entity_reference.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -9,23 +11,23 @@ def setup
       end
 
       def test_new
-        assert ref = EntityReference.new(@xml, 'ent4')
-        assert_instance_of EntityReference, ref
+        assert(ref = EntityReference.new(@xml, "ent4"))
+        assert_instance_of(EntityReference, ref)
       end
 
       def test_many_references
-        100.times { EntityReference.new(@xml, 'foo') }
+        100.times { EntityReference.new(@xml, "foo") }
       end
 
       def test_newline_node
         # issue 719
-        xml = <<EOF
-<?xml version="1.0" ?>
-<item></item>
-EOF
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML xml
+        xml = <<~EOF
+          <?xml version="1.0" ?>
+          <item></item>
+        EOF
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml)
         lf_node = Nokogiri::XML::EntityReference.new(doc, "#xa")
-        doc.xpath('/item').first.add_child(lf_node)
+        doc.xpath("/item").first.add_child(lf_node)
         assert_match(/&#xa;/, doc.to_xml)
       end
 
@@ -36,35 +38,35 @@ def test_children_should_always_be_empty
         # entities. because any use of that child is likely to cause a
         # segfault, we shall pretend that it doesn't exist.
         entity = Nokogiri::XML::EntityReference.new(@xml, "amp")
-        assert_equal 0, entity.children.length
+        assert_equal(0, entity.children.length)
         entity.inspect # should not segfault
       end
     end
 
     module Common
-      PATH = 'test/files/test_document_url/'
+      PATH = "test/files/test_document_url/"
 
       attr_accessor :path, :parser
 
       def xml_document
-        File.join path, 'document.xml'
+        File.join(path, "document.xml")
       end
 
-      def self.included base
-        def base.test_relative_and_absolute_path method_name, &block
-          test_relative_path method_name, &block
-          test_absolute_path method_name, &block
+      def self.included(base)
+        def base.test_relative_and_absolute_path(method_name, &block)
+          test_relative_path(method_name, &block)
+          test_absolute_path(method_name, &block)
         end
 
-        def base.test_absolute_path method_name, &block
-          define_method "#{method_name}_with_absolute_path" do
-            self.path = "#{File.expand_path PATH}/"
+        def base.test_absolute_path(method_name, &block)
+          define_method("#{method_name}_with_absolute_path") do
+            self.path = "#{File.expand_path(PATH)}/"
             instance_eval(&block)
           end
         end
 
-        def base.test_relative_path method_name, &block
-          define_method method_name do
+        def base.test_relative_path(method_name, &block)
+          define_method(method_name) do
             self.path = PATH
             instance_eval(&block)
           end
@@ -82,75 +84,73 @@ def setup
 
       test_relative_and_absolute_path :test_dom_entity_reference_with_dtdloda do
         # Make sure that we can parse entity references and include them in the document
-        html = File.read xml_document
-        doc = @parser.parse html, path do |cfg|
+        html = File.read(xml_document)
+        doc = @parser.parse(html, path) do |cfg|
           cfg.default_xml
           cfg.dtdload
           cfg.noent
         end
-        assert_equal [], doc.errors
-        assert_equal "foobar", doc.xpath('//blah').text
+        assert_empty doc.errors
+        assert_equal "foobar", doc.xpath("//blah").text
       end
 
       test_relative_and_absolute_path :test_dom_entity_reference_with_dtdvalid do
         # Make sure that we can parse entity references and include them in the document
-        html = File.read xml_document
-        doc = @parser.parse html, path do |cfg|
+        html = File.read(xml_document)
+        doc = @parser.parse(html, path) do |cfg|
           cfg.default_xml
           cfg.dtdvalid
           cfg.noent
         end
-        assert_equal [], doc.errors
-        assert_equal "foobar", doc.xpath('//blah').text
+        assert_empty doc.errors
+        assert_equal "foobar", doc.xpath("//blah").text
       end
 
       test_absolute_path :test_dom_dtd_loading_with_absolute_path do
         # Make sure that we can parse entity references and include them in the document
-        html = %Q[<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
+        html = %[<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
                   <!DOCTYPE document SYSTEM "#{path}/document.dtd">
                     <document>
                       <body>&bar;</body>
                     </document>
         ]
-        doc = @parser.parse html, xml_document do |cfg|
+        doc = @parser.parse(html, xml_document) do |cfg|
           cfg.default_xml
           cfg.dtdvalid
           cfg.noent
         end
-        assert_equal [], doc.errors
-        assert_equal "foobar", doc.xpath('//blah').text
+        assert_empty doc.errors
+        assert_equal "foobar", doc.xpath("//blah").text
       end
 
       test_relative_and_absolute_path :test_dom_entity_reference_with_io do
         # Make sure that we can parse entity references and include them in the document
-        html = File.open xml_document
-        doc = @parser.parse html, nil do |cfg|
+        html = File.open(xml_document)
+        doc = @parser.parse(html, nil) do |cfg|
           cfg.default_xml
           cfg.dtdload
           cfg.noent
         end
-        assert_equal [], doc.errors
-        assert_equal "foobar", doc.xpath('//blah').text
+        assert_empty doc.errors
+        assert_equal "foobar", doc.xpath("//blah").text
       end
 
       test_relative_and_absolute_path :test_dom_entity_reference_without_noent do
         # Make sure that we don't include entity references unless NOENT is set to true
-        html = File.read xml_document
-        doc = @parser.parse html, path do |cfg|
+        html = File.read(xml_document)
+        doc = @parser.parse(html, path) do |cfg|
           cfg.default_xml
           cfg.dtdload
         end
-        assert_equal [], doc.errors
-        assert_kind_of Nokogiri::XML::EntityReference, doc.xpath('//body').first.children.first
+        assert_empty doc.errors
+        assert_kind_of Nokogiri::XML::EntityReference, doc.xpath("//body").first.children.first
       end
 
       test_relative_and_absolute_path :test_dom_entity_reference_without_dtdload do
         # Make sure that we don't include entity references unless NOENT is set to true
-        html = File.read xml_document
-        doc = @parser.parse html, path do |cfg|
-          cfg.default_xml
-        end
-        assert_kind_of Nokogiri::XML::EntityReference, doc.xpath('//body').first.children.first
+        html = File.read(xml_document)
+        doc = @parser.parse(html, path, &:default_xml)
+        assert_kind_of Nokogiri::XML::EntityReference, doc.xpath("//body").first.children.first
         if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
           assert_equal ["5:14: ERROR: Entity 'bar' not defined"], doc.errors.map(&:to_s)
         end
@@ -158,17 +158,17 @@ def setup
 
       test_relative_and_absolute_path :test_document_dtd_loading_with_nonet do
         # Make sure that we don't include remote entities unless NOENT is set to true
-        html = %Q[<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
+        html = %[<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
                   <!DOCTYPE document SYSTEM "http://foo.bar.com/">
                     <document>
                       <body>&bar;</body>
                     </document>
         ]
-        doc = @parser.parse html, path do |cfg|
+        doc = @parser.parse(html, path) do |cfg|
           cfg.default_xml
           cfg.dtdload
         end
-        assert_kind_of Nokogiri::XML::EntityReference, doc.xpath('//body').first.children.first
+        assert_kind_of Nokogiri::XML::EntityReference, doc.xpath("//body").first.children.first
         if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
           assert_equal ["ERROR: Attempt to load network entity http://foo.bar.com/", "4:34: ERROR: Entity 'bar' not defined"], doc.errors.map(&:to_s)
         else
@@ -190,21 +190,21 @@ def setup
 
       test_relative_and_absolute_path :test_sax_entity_reference do
         # Make sure that we can parse entity references and include them in the document
-        html = File.read xml_document
-        @parser.parse html
+        html = File.read(xml_document)
+        @parser.parse(html)
         refute_nil @parser.document.errors
         assert_equal ["Entity 'bar' not defined"], @parser.document.errors.map(&:to_s).map(&:strip)
       end
 
       test_relative_and_absolute_path :test_more_sax_entity_reference do
         # Make sure that we don't include entity references unless NOENT is set to true
-        html = %Q[<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
+        html = %[<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
                   <!DOCTYPE document SYSTEM "http://foo.bar.com/">
                     <document>
                       <body>&bar;</body>
                     </document>
         ]
-        @parser.parse html
+        @parser.parse(html)
         refute_nil @parser.document.errors
         assert_equal ["Entity 'bar' not defined"], @parser.document.errors.map(&:to_s).map(&:strip)
       end
@@ -219,41 +219,39 @@ def setup
 
       test_relative_and_absolute_path :test_reader_entity_reference do
         # Make sure that we can parse entity references and include them in the document
-        html = File.read xml_document
-        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader html, path do |cfg|
+        html = File.read(xml_document)
+        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(html, path) do |cfg|
           cfg.default_xml
           cfg.dtdload
           cfg.noent
         end
         nodes = []
         reader.each { |n| nodes << n.value }
-        assert_equal ['foobar'], nodes.compact.map(&:strip).reject(&:empty?)
+        assert_equal ["foobar"], nodes.compact.map(&:strip).reject(&:empty?)
       end
 
       test_relative_and_absolute_path :test_reader_entity_reference_without_noent do
         # Make sure that we can parse entity references and include them in the document
-        html = File.read xml_document
-        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader html, path do |cfg|
+        html = File.read(xml_document)
+        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(html, path) do |cfg|
           cfg.default_xml
           cfg.dtdload
         end
         nodes = []
         reader.each { |n| nodes << n.value }
-        assert_equal [], nodes.compact.map(&:strip).reject(&:empty?)
+        assert_empty nodes.compact.map(&:strip).reject(&:empty?)
       end
 
       test_relative_and_absolute_path :test_reader_entity_reference_without_dtdload do
-        html = File.read xml_document
-        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader html, path do |cfg|
-          cfg.default_xml
-        end
+        html = File.read(xml_document)
+        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(html, path, &:default_xml)
         if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?(">= 2.9.0")
           # Unknown entity is not fatal in libxml2 >= 2.9
           assert_equal 8, reader.count
         else
-          assert_raises(Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError) {
-            assert_equal 5, reader.count
-          }
+          assert_raises(Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError) do
+            reader.count
+          end
         end
         assert_operator reader.errors.size, :>, 0
       end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_namespace.rb b/test/xml/test_namespace.rb
index 5f35474498..74ee6d100a 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_namespace.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_namespace.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -5,7 +7,7 @@ module XML
     class TestNamespace < Nokogiri::TestCase
       def setup
         super
-        @xml = Nokogiri::XML <<-eoxml
+        @xml = Nokogiri::XML(<<-eoxml)
           <root xmlns="http://tenderlovemaking.com/" xmlns:foo="bar">
             <awesome/>
           </root>
@@ -15,55 +17,55 @@ def setup
       if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
         def test_namespace_is_in_node_cache
           node = @xml.root.namespace
-          assert @xml.instance_variable_get(:@node_cache).include?(node)
+          assert_includes(@xml.instance_variable_get(:@node_cache), node)
         end
       end
 
       def test_built_nodes_keep_namespace_decls
         doc = Document.new
-        e   = Node.new 'element', doc
-        c   = Node.new 'child', doc
-        c.default_namespace = 'woop:de:doo'
+        e   = Node.new("element", doc)
+        c   = Node.new("child", doc)
+        c.default_namespace = "woop:de:doo"
 
-        assert c.namespace, 'has a namespace'
-        e.add_child c
-        assert c.namespace, 'has a namespace'
+        assert(c.namespace, "has a namespace")
+        e.add_child(c)
+        assert(c.namespace, "has a namespace")
 
-        doc.add_child e
-        assert c.namespace, 'has a namespace'
+        doc.add_child(e)
+        assert(c.namespace, "has a namespace")
       end
 
       def test_inspect
         ns = @xml.root.namespace
-        assert_equal "#<#{ns.class.name}:#{sprintf("0x%x", ns.object_id)} href=#{ns.href.inspect}>", ns.inspect
+        assert_equal("#<#{ns.class.name}:#{format("0x%x", ns.object_id)} href=#{ns.href.inspect}>", ns.inspect)
       end
 
       def test_namespace_node_prefix
         namespaces = @xml.root.namespace_definitions
-        assert_equal [nil, 'foo'], namespaces.map(&:prefix)
+        assert_equal([nil, "foo"], namespaces.map(&:prefix))
       end
 
       def test_namespace_node_href
         namespaces = @xml.root.namespace_definitions
-        assert_equal [
-          'http://tenderlovemaking.com/',
-          'bar'
-        ], namespaces.map(&:href)
+        assert_equal([
+          "http://tenderlovemaking.com/",
+          "bar",
+        ], namespaces.map(&:href))
       end
 
       def test_equality
         namespaces = @xml.root.namespace_definitions
-        assert_equal namespaces, @xml.root.namespace_definitions
+        assert_equal(namespaces, @xml.root.namespace_definitions)
       end
 
       def test_add_definition
-        @xml.root.add_namespace_definition('baz', 'bar')
-        assert_equal 3, @xml.root.namespace_definitions.length
+        @xml.root.add_namespace_definition("baz", "bar")
+        assert_equal(3, @xml.root.namespace_definitions.length)
       end
 
       def test_add_definition_return
-        ns = @xml.root.add_namespace_definition('baz', 'bar')
-        assert_equal 'baz', ns.prefix
+        ns = @xml.root.add_namespace_definition("baz", "bar")
+        assert_equal("baz", ns.prefix)
       end
 
       def test_remove_entity_namespace
@@ -74,22 +76,22 @@ def test_remove_entity_namespace
 
       def test_maintain_element_namespaces
         doc = Document.new
-        subject = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new 'foo', doc
+        subject = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("foo", doc)
         subject << '<foobar xmlns="barfoo"/>'
         child = subject.children.first
-        assert_equal 'foobar', child.name
-        assert_equal 'barfoo', child.namespace.href
-        assert_empty child.attributes
+        assert_equal("foobar", child.name)
+        assert_equal("barfoo", child.namespace.href)
+        assert_empty(child.attributes)
       end
 
       def test_maintain_element_namespaces_in_urn
         doc = Document.new
-        subject = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new 'foo', doc
+        subject = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("foo", doc)
         subject << '<foobar xmlns="urn:xmpp:foospec:barfoo"/>'
         child = subject.children.first
-        assert_equal 'foobar', child.name
-        assert_equal 'urn:xmpp:foospec:barfoo', child.namespace.href
-        assert_empty child.attributes
+        assert_equal("foobar", child.name)
+        assert_equal("urn:xmpp:foospec:barfoo", child.namespace.href)
+        assert_empty(child.attributes)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_node.rb b/test/xml/test_node.rb
index 5995055cb7..69bd4c5a25 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_node.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_node.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
-require 'stringio'
+require "stringio"
 
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
@@ -11,14 +12,14 @@ class TestNode < Nokogiri::TestCase
 
         def test_first_element_child
           node = xml.root.first_element_child
-          assert_equal('employee', node.name)
-          assert(node.element?, 'node is an element')
+          assert_equal("employee", node.name)
+          assert_predicate(node, :element?, "node is an element")
         end
 
         def test_element_children
           nodes = xml.root.element_children
           assert_equal(xml.root.first_element_child, nodes.first)
-          assert(nodes.all?(&:element?), 'all nodes are elements')
+          assert(nodes.all?(&:element?), "all nodes are elements")
         end
 
         def test_last_element_child
@@ -27,13 +28,12 @@ def test_last_element_child
         end
 
         def test_bad_xpath
-          bad_xpath = '//foo['
+          bad_xpath = "//foo["
 
-          begin
+          e = assert_raises(Nokogiri::XML::XPath::SyntaxError) do
             xml.xpath(bad_xpath)
-          rescue Nokogiri::XML::XPath::SyntaxError => e
-            assert_match(bad_xpath, e.to_s)
           end
+          assert_match(bad_xpath, e.to_s)
         end
 
         def test_namespace_type_error
@@ -44,40 +44,40 @@ def test_namespace_type_error
 
         def test_remove_namespace
           xml = Nokogiri::XML('<r xmlns="v"><s /></r>')
-          tag = xml.at('s')
+          tag = xml.at("s")
           assert(tag.namespace)
           tag.namespace = nil
           assert_nil(tag.namespace)
         end
 
         def test_parse_needs_doc
-          list = xml.root.parse('fooooooo <hello />')
-          assert_equal(1, list.css('hello').length)
+          list = xml.root.parse("fooooooo <hello />")
+          assert_equal(1, list.css("hello").length)
         end
 
         def test_parse
-          list = xml.root.parse('fooooooo <hello />')
+          list = xml.root.parse("fooooooo <hello />")
           assert_equal(2, list.length)
         end
 
         def test_parse_with_block
           called = false
-          list = xml.root.parse('<hello />') do |cfg|
+          list = xml.root.parse("<hello />") do |cfg|
             called = true
             assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions, cfg)
           end
-          assert(called, 'config block called')
+          assert(called, "config block called")
           assert_equal(1, list.length)
         end
 
         def test_parse_with_io
-          list = xml.root.parse(StringIO.new('<hello />'))
+          list = xml.root.parse(StringIO.new("<hello />"))
           assert_equal(1, list.length)
-          assert_equal('hello', list.first.name)
+          assert_equal("hello", list.first.name)
         end
 
         def test_parse_with_empty_string
-          list = xml.root.parse('')
+          list = xml.root.parse("")
           assert_equal(0, list.length)
         end
 
@@ -91,76 +91,84 @@ def test_parse_config_option
         end
 
         def test_node_context_parsing_of_malformed_html_fragment
-          doc = HTML.parse("<html><body><div></div></body></html>")
+          doc = HTML4.parse("<html><body><div></div></body></html>")
           context_node = doc.at_css("div")
           nodeset = context_node.parse("<div </div>")
 
           assert_equal(1, doc.errors.length)
           assert_equal(1, nodeset.length)
           assert_equal("<div></div>", nodeset.to_s)
+          assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::HTML4::Document, nodeset.document)
+          assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::HTML4::Document, nodeset.first.document)
         end
 
         def test_node_context_parsing_of_malformed_html_fragment_with_recover_is_corrected
-          doc = HTML.parse("<html><body><div></div></body></html>")
+          doc = HTML4.parse("<html><body><div></div></body></html>")
           context_node = doc.at_css("div")
-          nodeset = context_node.parse("<div </div>") do |options|
-            options.recover
-          end
+          nodeset = context_node.parse("<div </div>", &:recover)
 
           assert_equal(1, doc.errors.length)
           assert_equal(1, nodeset.length)
           assert_equal("<div></div>", nodeset.to_s)
+          assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::HTML4::Document, nodeset.document)
+          assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::HTML4::Document, nodeset.first.document)
         end
 
         def test_node_context_parsing_of_malformed_html_fragment_without_recover_is_not_corrected
-          doc = HTML.parse("<html><body><div></div></body></html>")
+          doc = HTML4.parse("<html><body><div></div></body></html>")
           context_node = doc.at_css("div")
           assert_raises(Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError) do
-            context_node.parse("<div </div>") do |options|
-              options.strict
-            end
+            context_node.parse("<div </div>", &:strict)
           end
         end
 
+        def test_node_context_parsing_of_malformed_xml_fragment_uses_the_right_class_to_recover
+          doc = XML.parse("<root><body><div></div></body></root>")
+          context_node = doc.at_css("div")
+          nodeset = context_node.parse("<div </div") # causes an error and recovers
+          assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::Document, nodeset.document)
+          assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::Document, nodeset.first.document)
+        end
+
         def test_parse_error_list
           error_count = xml.errors.length
-          xml.root.parse('<hello>')
+          xml.root.parse("<hello>")
           assert(error_count < xml.errors.length, "errors should have increased")
         end
 
         def test_parse_error_on_fragment_with_empty_document
           doc = Document.new
-          fragment = DocumentFragment.new(doc, '<foo><bar/></foo>')
-          node = fragment % 'bar'
-          node.parse('<baz><</baz>')
+          fragment = DocumentFragment.new(doc, "<foo><bar/></foo>")
+          node = fragment % "bar"
+          node.parse("<baz><</baz>")
         end
 
         def test_parse_with_unparented_text_context_node
           doc = XML::Document.new
           elem = XML::Text.new("foo", doc)
           x = elem.parse("<bar/>") # should not raise an exception
-          assert_equal(x.first.name, "bar")
+          assert_equal("bar", x.first.name)
         end
 
         def test_parse_with_unparented_html_text_context_node
           doc = HTML::Document.new
           elem = XML::Text.new("div", doc)
           x = elem.parse("<div/>") # should not raise an exception
-          assert_equal(x.first.name, "div")
+          assert_equal("div", x.first.name)
         end
 
         def test_parse_with_unparented_fragment_text_context_node
           doc = XML::DocumentFragment.parse("<div><span>foo</span></div>")
           elem = doc.at_css("span")
           x = elem.parse("<span/>") # should not raise an exception
-          assert_equal(x.first.name, "span")
+          assert_equal("span", x.first.name)
         end
 
         def test_parse_with_unparented_html_fragment_text_context_node
           doc = HTML::DocumentFragment.parse("<div><span>foo</span></div>")
           elem = doc.at_css("span")
           x = elem.parse("<span/>") # should not raise an exception
-          assert_equal(x.first.name, "span")
+          assert_equal("span", x.first.name)
         end
 
         def test_dup_is_deep_copy_by_default
@@ -194,7 +202,7 @@ def test_dup_to_another_document
           div = doc1.at_css("div")
           duplicate_div = div.dup(1, doc2)
 
-          assert_not_nil(doc1.at_css("div"))
+          refute_nil(doc1.at_css("div"))
           assert_equal(doc2, duplicate_div.document)
           assert_equal(1, duplicate_div.children.length)
           assert_equal("<p>hello</p>", duplicate_div.children.first.to_html)
@@ -202,22 +210,57 @@ def test_dup_to_another_document
 
         def test_subclass_dup
           subclass = Class.new(Nokogiri::XML::Node)
-          node = subclass.new('foo', xml).dup
+          node = subclass.new("foo", xml).dup
           assert_instance_of(subclass, node)
         end
 
-        def test_gt_string_arg
-          node = xml.at('employee')
-          nodes = (node > 'name')
-          assert_equal(1, nodes.length)
-          assert_equal(node, nodes.first.parent)
+        def test_search_direct_children_of_node
+          xml = <<~XML
+            <root>
+              <div class="section header" id="1">
+                <div class="subsection header">sub 1</div>
+                <div class="subsection header">sub 2</div>
+              </div>
+              <div class="section header" id="2">
+                <div class="subsection header">sub 3</div>
+                <div class="subsection header">sub 4</div>
+              </div>
+            </root>
+          XML
+          node = Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse(xml).root
+          result = (node > "div.header")
+          assert_equal(2, result.length)
+          assert_equal(["1", "2"], result.map { |n| n["id"] })
+
+          assert_empty(node > ".no-such-match")
+        end
+
+        def test_search_direct_children_of_node_provides_root_namespaces_implicitly
+          xml = <<~XML
+            <root xmlns:foo="http://nokogiri.org/ns/foo">
+              <foo:div class="section header" id="1">
+                <foo:div class="subsection header">sub 1</foo:div>
+                <foo:div class="subsection header">sub 2</foo:div>
+              </foo:div>
+              <foo:div class="section header" id="2">
+                <foo:div class="subsection header">sub 3</foo:div>
+                <foo:div class="subsection header">sub 4</foo:div>
+              </foo:div>
+            </root>
+          XML
+          node = Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse(xml).root
+          result = (node > "foo|div.header")
+          assert_equal(2, result.length)
+          assert_equal(["1", "2"], result.map { |n| n["id"] })
+
+          assert_empty(node > ".no-such-match")
         end
 
         def test_next_element_when_next_sibling_is_element_should_return_next_sibling
           doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root><foo /><quux /></root>")
           node         = doc.at_css("foo")
           next_element = node.next_element
-          assert(next_element.element?)
+          assert_predicate(next_element, :element?)
           assert_equal(doc.at_css("quux"), next_element)
         end
 
@@ -230,7 +273,7 @@ def test_next_element_when_next_sibling_is_not_an_element_should_return_closest_
           doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root><foo />bar<quux /></root>")
           node         = doc.at_css("foo")
           next_element = node.next_element
-          assert(next_element.element?)
+          assert_predicate(next_element, :element?)
           assert_equal(doc.at_css("quux"), next_element)
         end
 
@@ -245,7 +288,7 @@ def test_previous_element_when_previous_sibling_is_element_should_return_previou
           doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root><foo /><quux /></root>")
           node             = doc.at_css("quux")
           previous_element = node.previous_element
-          assert(previous_element.element?)
+          assert_predicate(previous_element, :element?)
           assert_equal(doc.at_css("foo"), previous_element)
         end
 
@@ -258,7 +301,7 @@ def test_previous_element_when_previous_sibling_is_not_an_element_should_return_
           doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root><foo />bar<quux /></root>")
           node             = doc.at_css("quux")
           previous_element = node.previous_element
-          assert(previous_element.element?)
+          assert_predicate(previous_element, :element?)
           assert_equal(doc.at_css("foo"), previous_element)
         end
 
@@ -270,11 +313,11 @@ def test_previous_element_when_previous_sibling_is_not_an_element_and_no_followi
         end
 
         def test_element?
-          assert(xml.root.element?, 'is an element')
+          assert_predicate(xml.root, :element?, "is an element")
         end
 
         def test_slash_search
-          assert_equal('EMP0001', (xml / :staff / :employee / :employeeId).first.text)
+          assert_equal("EMP0001", (xml / :staff / :employee / :employeeId).first.text)
         end
 
         def test_append_with_document
@@ -286,16 +329,16 @@ def test_append_with_document
         def test_append_with_attr
           r = Nokogiri.XML('<r a="1" />').root
           assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
-            r << r.at_xpath('@a')
+            r << r.at_xpath("@a")
           end
         end
 
         def test_inspect_ns
-          xml = Nokogiri::XML(<<~eoxml) { |c| c.noblanks }
+          xml = Nokogiri::XML(<<~XML, &:noblanks)
             <root xmlns="http://tenderlovemaking.com/" xmlns:foo="bar">
               <awesome/>
             </root>
-          eoxml
+          XML
           ins = xml.inspect
 
           xml.traverse do |node|
@@ -315,44 +358,60 @@ def test_inspect_ns
         end
 
         def test_namespace_definitions_when_some_exist
-          xml = Nokogiri::XML(<<~eoxml)
+          xml = Nokogiri::XML(<<~XML)
             <root xmlns="http://tenderlovemaking.com/" xmlns:foo="bar">
               <awesome/>
             </root>
-          eoxml
+          XML
           namespace_definitions = xml.root.namespace_definitions
           assert_equal(2, namespace_definitions.length)
         end
 
         def test_namespace_definitions_when_no_exist
-          xml = Nokogiri::XML(<<~eoxml)
+          xml = Nokogiri::XML(<<~XML)
             <root xmlns="http://tenderlovemaking.com/" xmlns:foo="bar">
               <awesome/>
             </root>
-          eoxml
-          namespace_definitions = xml.at_xpath('//xmlns:awesome').namespace_definitions
+          XML
+          namespace_definitions = xml.at_xpath("//xmlns:awesome").namespace_definitions
           assert_equal(0, namespace_definitions.length)
         end
 
-        def test_namespace_goes_to_children
-          fruits = Nokogiri::XML(<<~eoxml)
+        def test_default_namespace_goes_to_children
+          fruits = Nokogiri::XML(<<~XML)
             <Fruit xmlns='www.fruits.org'>
             </Fruit>
-          eoxml
-          apple = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new('Apple', fruits)
-          orange = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new('Orange', fruits)
+          XML
+          apple = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("Apple", fruits)
+          orange = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("Orange", fruits)
           apple << orange
           fruits.root << apple
-          assert(fruits.at('//fruit:Orange', { 'fruit' => 'www.fruits.org' }))
-          assert(fruits.at('//fruit:Apple', { 'fruit' => 'www.fruits.org' }))
+          assert(fruits.at("//fruit:Orange", { "fruit" => "www.fruits.org" }))
+          assert(fruits.at("//fruit:Apple", { "fruit" => "www.fruits.org" }))
+        end
+
+        def test_parent_namespace_is_not_inherited
+          fruits = Nokogiri::XML(<<-XML)
+            <fruit xmlns:fruit="http://fruits.org">
+              <fruit:apple />
+            </fruit>
+          XML
+
+          apple = fruits.at_xpath("//fruit:apple", { "fruit" => "http://fruits.org" })
+          assert(apple)
+
+          orange = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("orange", fruits)
+          apple.add_child(orange)
+
+          assert_equal(orange, fruits.at_xpath("//orange"))
         end
 
         def test_description
-          assert_nil(xml.at('employee').description)
+          assert_nil(xml.at("employee").description)
         end
 
         def test_spaceship
-          nodes = xml.xpath('//employee')
+          nodes = xml.xpath("//employee")
           assert_equal(-1, (nodes.first <=> nodes.last))
           list = [nodes.first, nodes.last].sort
           assert_equal(nodes.first, list.first)
@@ -360,12 +419,12 @@ def test_spaceship
         end
 
         def test_incorrect_spaceship
-          nodes = xml.xpath('//employee')
-          assert_nil(nodes.first <=> 'asdf')
+          nodes = xml.xpath("//employee")
+          assert_nil(nodes.first <=> "asdf")
         end
 
         def test_document_compare
-          nodes = xml.xpath('//employee')
+          nodes = xml.xpath("//employee")
           result = (nodes.first <=> xml)
 
           # Note that this behavior was changed in libxml@a005199 starting in v2.9.5.
@@ -381,36 +440,44 @@ def test_document_compare
         end
 
         def test_different_document_compare
-          nodes = xml.xpath('//employee')
-          doc = Nokogiri::XML('<a><b/></a>')
-          b = doc.at('b')
+          nodes = xml.xpath("//employee")
+          doc = Nokogiri::XML("<a><b/></a>")
+          b = doc.at("b")
           assert_nil(nodes.first <=> b)
         end
 
         def test_duplicate_node_removes_namespace
-          fruits = Nokogiri::XML(<<~eoxml)
+          fruits = Nokogiri::XML(<<~XML)
             <Fruit xmlns='www.fruits.org'>
             <Apple></Apple>
             </Fruit>
-          eoxml
-          apple = fruits.root.xpath('fruit:Apple', { 'fruit' => 'www.fruits.org' })[0]
+          XML
+          apple = fruits.root.xpath("fruit:Apple", { "fruit" => "www.fruits.org" })[0]
           new_apple = apple.dup
           fruits.root << new_apple
-          assert_equal(2, fruits.xpath('//xmlns:Apple').length)
-          assert_equal(1, fruits.to_xml.scan('www.fruits.org').length)
+          assert_equal(2, fruits.xpath("//xmlns:Apple").length)
+          assert_equal(1, fruits.to_xml.scan("www.fruits.org").length)
         end
 
         [:clone, :dup].each do |symbol|
           define_method "test_#{symbol}" do
-            node = xml.at('//employee')
+            node = xml.at("//employee")
             other = node.send(symbol)
             assert_equal "employee", other.name
             assert_nil other.parent
           end
         end
 
+        def test_fragment_creates_appropriate_class
+          frag = Nokogiri.XML("<root><child/></root>").at_css("child").fragment("<thing/>")
+          assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment, frag)
+
+          frag = Nokogiri.HTML4("<root><child/></root>").at_css("child").fragment("<thing/>")
+          assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::HTML4::DocumentFragment, frag)
+        end
+
         def test_fragment_creates_elements
-          apple = xml.fragment('<Apple/>')
+          apple = xml.fragment("<Apple/>")
           apple.children.each do |child|
             assert_equal(Nokogiri::XML::Node::ELEMENT_NODE, child.type)
             assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::Element, child)
@@ -418,109 +485,109 @@ def test_fragment_creates_elements
         end
 
         def test_node_added_to_root_should_get_namespace
-          fruits = Nokogiri::XML(<<~eoxml)
+          fruits = Nokogiri::XML(<<~XML)
             <Fruit xmlns='http://www.fruits.org'>
             </Fruit>
-          eoxml
-          apple = fruits.fragment('<Apple/>')
+          XML
+          apple = fruits.fragment("<Apple/>")
           fruits.root << apple
-          assert_equal(1, fruits.xpath('//xmlns:Apple').length)
+          assert_equal(1, fruits.xpath("//xmlns:Apple").length)
         end
 
         def test_new_node_can_have_ancestors
-          xml = Nokogiri::XML('<root>text</root>')
-          item = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new('item', xml)
+          xml = Nokogiri::XML("<root>text</root>")
+          item = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("item", xml)
           assert_equal(0, item.ancestors.length)
         end
 
         def test_children
-          doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<~eoxml)
-            <root>#{'<a/>' * 9}</root>
-          eoxml
+          doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<~XML)
+            <root>#{"<a/>" * 9}</root>
+          XML
           assert_equal(9, doc.root.children.length)
           assert_equal(9, doc.root.children.to_a.length)
 
-          doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<~eoxml)
-            <root>#{'<a/>' * 15}</root>
-          eoxml
+          doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<~XML)
+            <root>#{"<a/>" * 15}</root>
+          XML
           assert_equal(15, doc.root.children.length)
           assert_equal(15, doc.root.children.to_a.length)
         end
 
         def test_add_namespace
-          node = xml.at('address')
-          node.add_namespace('foo', 'http://tenderlovemaking.com')
-          assert_equal('http://tenderlovemaking.com', node.namespaces['xmlns:foo'])
+          node = xml.at("address")
+          node.add_namespace("foo", "http://tenderlovemaking.com")
+          assert_equal("http://tenderlovemaking.com", node.namespaces["xmlns:foo"])
         end
 
         def test_add_namespace_twice
-          node = xml.at('address')
-          ns = node.add_namespace('foo', 'http://tenderlovemaking.com')
-          ns2 = node.add_namespace('foo', 'http://tenderlovemaking.com')
+          node = xml.at("address")
+          ns = node.add_namespace("foo", "http://tenderlovemaking.com")
+          ns2 = node.add_namespace("foo", "http://tenderlovemaking.com")
           assert_equal(ns, ns2)
         end
 
         def test_add_default_namespace
-          node = xml.at('address')
-          node.add_namespace(nil, 'http://tenderlovemaking.com')
-          assert_equal('http://tenderlovemaking.com', node.namespaces['xmlns'])
+          node = xml.at("address")
+          node.add_namespace(nil, "http://tenderlovemaking.com")
+          assert_equal("http://tenderlovemaking.com", node.namespaces["xmlns"])
         end
 
         def test_add_default_namespace_twice
-          node = xml.at('address')
-          ns = node.add_namespace(nil, 'http://tenderlovemaking.com')
-          ns2 = node.add_namespace(nil, 'http://tenderlovemaking.com')
+          node = xml.at("address")
+          ns = node.add_namespace(nil, "http://tenderlovemaking.com")
+          ns2 = node.add_namespace(nil, "http://tenderlovemaking.com")
           assert_equal(ns.object_id, ns2.object_id)
         end
 
         def test_add_multiple_namespaces
-          node = xml.at('address')
+          node = xml.at("address")
 
-          node.add_namespace(nil, 'http://tenderlovemaking.com')
-          assert_equal('http://tenderlovemaking.com', node.namespaces['xmlns'])
+          node.add_namespace(nil, "http://tenderlovemaking.com")
+          assert_equal("http://tenderlovemaking.com", node.namespaces["xmlns"])
 
-          node.add_namespace('foo', 'http://tenderlovemaking.com')
-          assert_equal('http://tenderlovemaking.com', node.namespaces['xmlns:foo'])
+          node.add_namespace("foo", "http://tenderlovemaking.com")
+          assert_equal("http://tenderlovemaking.com", node.namespaces["xmlns:foo"])
         end
 
         def test_default_namespace=
-          node = xml.at('address')
-          node.default_namespace = 'http://tenderlovemaking.com'
-          assert_equal('http://tenderlovemaking.com', node.namespaces['xmlns'])
+          node = xml.at("address")
+          node.default_namespace = "http://tenderlovemaking.com"
+          assert_equal("http://tenderlovemaking.com", node.namespaces["xmlns"])
         end
 
         def test_namespace=
-          node = xml.at('address')
+          node = xml.at("address")
           assert_nil(node.namespace)
-          definition = node.add_namespace_definition('bar', 'http://tlm.com/')
+          definition = node.add_namespace_definition("bar", "http://tlm.com/")
 
           node.namespace = definition
 
           assert_equal(definition, node.namespace)
 
-          assert_equal(node, xml.at('//foo:address', {
-            'foo' => 'http://tlm.com/',
+          assert_equal(node, xml.at("//foo:address", {
+            "foo" => "http://tlm.com/",
           }))
         end
 
         def test_add_namespace_with_nil_associates_node
-          node = xml.at('address')
+          node = xml.at("address")
           assert_nil(node.namespace)
-          definition = node.add_namespace_definition(nil, 'http://tlm.com/')
+          definition = node.add_namespace_definition(nil, "http://tlm.com/")
           assert_equal(definition, node.namespace)
         end
 
         def test_add_namespace_does_not_associate_node
-          node = xml.at('address')
+          node = xml.at("address")
           assert_nil(node.namespace)
-          assert(node.add_namespace_definition('foo', 'http://tlm.com/'))
+          assert(node.add_namespace_definition("foo", "http://tlm.com/"))
           assert_nil(node.namespace)
         end
 
         def test_set_namespace_from_different_doc
-          node = xml.at('address')
+          node = xml.at("address")
           doc = Nokogiri::XML(File.read(XML_FILE), XML_FILE)
-          decl = doc.root.add_namespace_definition('foo', 'bar')
+          decl = doc.root.add_namespace_definition("foo", "bar")
 
           assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
             node.namespace = decl
@@ -528,44 +595,45 @@ def test_set_namespace_from_different_doc
         end
 
         def test_set_namespace_must_only_take_a_namespace
-          node = xml.at('address')
+          node = xml.at("address")
           assert_raises(TypeError) do
             node.namespace = node
           end
         end
 
         def test_at
-          node = xml.at('address')
-          assert_equal(node, xml.xpath('//address').first)
+          node = xml.at("address")
+          assert_equal(node, xml.xpath("//address").first)
         end
 
         def test_at_self
-          node = xml.at('address')
-          assert_equal(node, node.at('.'))
+          node = xml.at("address")
+          assert_equal(node, node.at("."))
         end
 
         def test_at_xpath
-          node = xml.at_xpath('//address')
-          nodes = xml.xpath('//address')
+          node = xml.at_xpath("//address")
+          nodes = xml.xpath("//address")
           assert_equal(5, nodes.size)
           assert_equal(node, nodes.first)
         end
 
         def test_at_css
-          node = xml.at_css('address')
-          nodes = xml.css('address')
+          node = xml.at_css("address")
+          nodes = xml.css("address")
           assert_equal(5, nodes.size)
           assert_equal(node, nodes.first)
         end
 
         def test_percent
-          node = xml % 'address'
-          assert_equal(node, xml.xpath('//address').first)
+          node = xml % "address"
+          assert_equal(node, xml.xpath("//address").first)
         end
 
         def test_accept
           visitor = Class.new do
             attr_accessor :visited
+
             def accept(target)
               target.accept(self)
             end
@@ -602,7 +670,7 @@ def test_write_to_with_block
           assert_equal(xml.serialize(nil, conf), string)
         end
 
-        %w{xml html xhtml}.each do |type|
+        ["xml", "html", "xhtml"].each do |type|
           define_method(:"test_write_#{type}_to") do
             io = StringIO.new
             assert xml.send(:"write_#{type}_to", io)
@@ -625,31 +693,31 @@ def test_serialize_with_block
         end
 
         def test_hold_refence_to_subnode
-          doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<~eoxml)
+          doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<~XML)
             <root>
               <a>
                 <b />
               </a>
             </root>
-          eoxml
-          assert(node_a = doc.css('a').first)
-          assert(node_b = node_a.css('b').first)
+          XML
+          assert(node_a = doc.css("a").first)
+          assert(node_b = node_a.css("b").first)
           node_a.unlink
-          assert_equal('b', node_b.name)
+          assert_equal("b", node_b.name)
         end
 
         def test_xml_node_new
-          assert(node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new('input', xml))
+          assert(node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("input", xml))
           assert_equal(Nokogiri::XML::Node::ELEMENT_NODE, node.node_type)
           assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::Element, node)
-          assert_equal('input', node.name)
+          assert_equal("input", node.name)
           assert_equal(xml, node.document)
         end
 
         def test_xml_node_new_with_block
           block_param = nil
           block_called = false
-          node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new('input', xml) do |node_param|
+          node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("input", xml) do |node_param|
             block_called = true
             block_param = node_param
           end
@@ -658,34 +726,44 @@ def test_xml_node_new_with_block
           assert_equal(node, block_param, "Node.new block should be passed the new node")
         end
 
+        def test_xml_node_new_must_take_document_type
+          assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+            Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("input", "not-a-document")
+          end
+
+          assert_output(nil, /deprecated/) do
+            Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("input", xml.root.children.first)
+          end
+        end
+
         def test_to_str
-          name = xml.xpath('//name').first
-          assert_match(/Margaret/, '' + name)
-          assert_equal('Margaret Martin', '' + name.children.first)
+          name = xml.xpath("//name").first
+          assert_match(/Margaret/, "" + name)
+          assert_equal("Margaret Martin", "" + name.children.first)
         end
 
         def test_ancestors
-          address = xml.xpath('//address').first
+          address = xml.xpath("//address").first
           assert_equal(3, address.ancestors.length)
-          assert_equal(['employee', 'staff', 'document'],
-                       address.ancestors.map(&:name))
+          assert_equal(["employee", "staff", "document"],
+            address.ancestors.map(&:name))
         end
 
         def test_read_only?
           assert(entity_decl = xml.internal_subset.children.find do |x|
             x.type == Node::ENTITY_DECL
           end)
-          assert(entity_decl.read_only?)
+          assert_predicate(entity_decl, :read_only?)
         end
 
         def test_set_content_with_symbol
-          node = xml.at('//name')
+          node = xml.at("//name")
           node.content = :foo
-          assert_equal('foo', node.content)
+          assert_equal("foo", node.content)
         end
 
         def test_set_native_content_is_unescaped
-          comment = Nokogiri.XML('<r><!-- foo --></r>').at('//comment()')
+          comment = Nokogiri.XML("<r><!-- foo --></r>").at("//comment()")
 
           comment.native_content = " < " # content= will escape this string
           assert_equal("<!-- < -->", comment.to_xml)
@@ -693,11 +771,11 @@ def test_set_native_content_is_unescaped
 
         def test_find_by_css_class_with_nonstandard_whitespace
           doc = Nokogiri::HTML("<div class='a\nb'></div>")
-          assert_not_nil(doc.at_css(".b"))
+          refute_nil(doc.at_css(".b"))
         end
 
         def test_find_by_css_with_tilde_eql
-          xml = Nokogiri::XML.parse(<<~eoxml)
+          xml = Nokogiri::XML.parse(<<~XML)
             <root>
               <a>Hello world</a>
               <a class='foo bar'>Bar</a>
@@ -707,14 +785,14 @@ def test_find_by_css_with_tilde_eql
               <a class='bazbarfoo'>Awesome</a>
               <a class='bazbar'>Awesome</a>
             </root>
-          eoxml
+          XML
           set = xml.css('a[@class~="bar"]')
           assert_equal(4, set.length)
-          assert_equal(['Bar'], set.map(&:content).uniq)
+          assert_equal(["Bar"], set.map(&:content).uniq)
         end
 
         def test_unlink
-          xml = Nokogiri::XML.parse(<<~eoxml)
+          xml = Nokogiri::XML.parse(<<~XML)
             <root>
               <a class='foo bar'>Bar</a>
               <a class='bar foo'>Bar</a>
@@ -724,140 +802,140 @@ def test_unlink
               <a class='bazbarfoo'>Awesome</a>
               <a class='bazbar'>Awesome</a>
             </root>
-          eoxml
-          node = xml.xpath('//a')[3]
-          assert_equal('Hello world', node.text)
+          XML
+          node = xml.xpath("//a")[3]
+          assert_equal("Hello world", node.text)
           assert_match(/Hello world/, xml.to_s)
           assert(node.parent)
           assert(node.document)
           assert(node.previous_sibling)
           assert(node.next_sibling)
           node.unlink
-          assert(!node.parent)
+          refute(node.parent)
           # assert !node.document
-          assert(!node.previous_sibling)
-          assert(!node.next_sibling)
-          assert_no_match(/Hello world/, xml.to_s)
+          refute(node.previous_sibling)
+          refute(node.next_sibling)
+          refute_match(/Hello world/, xml.to_s)
         end
 
         def test_next_sibling
           assert(node = xml.root)
           assert(sibling = node.child.next_sibling)
-          assert_equal('employee', sibling.name)
+          assert_equal("employee", sibling.name)
         end
 
         def test_previous_sibling
           assert(node = xml.root)
           assert(sibling = node.child.next_sibling)
-          assert_equal('employee', sibling.name)
+          assert_equal("employee", sibling.name)
           assert_equal(sibling.previous_sibling, node.child)
         end
 
         def test_name=
           assert(node = xml.root)
-          node.name = 'awesome'
-          assert_equal('awesome', node.name)
+          node.name = "awesome"
+          assert_equal("awesome", node.name)
         end
 
         def test_child
           assert(node = xml.root)
           assert(child = node.child)
-          assert_equal('text', child.name)
+          assert_equal("text", child.name)
         end
 
         def test_key?
-          assert(node = xml.search('//address').first)
-          assert(!node.key?('asdfasdf'))
+          assert(node = xml.search("//address").first)
+          refute(node.key?("asdfasdf"))
         end
 
         def test_set_property
-          assert(node = xml.search('//address').first)
-          node['foo'] = 'bar'
-          assert_equal('bar', node['foo'])
+          assert(node = xml.search("//address").first)
+          node["foo"] = "bar"
+          assert_equal("bar", node["foo"])
         end
 
         def test_set_property_non_string
-          assert(node = xml.search('//address').first)
-          node['foo'] = 1
-          assert_equal('1', node['foo'])
-          node['foo'] = false
-          assert_equal('false', node['foo'])
+          assert(node = xml.search("//address").first)
+          node["foo"] = 1
+          assert_equal("1", node["foo"])
+          node["foo"] = false
+          assert_equal("false", node["foo"])
         end
 
         def test_path
-          assert(set = xml.search('//employee'))
+          assert(set = xml.search("//employee"))
           assert(node = set.first)
-          assert_equal('/staff/employee[1]', node.path)
+          assert_equal("/staff/employee[1]", node.path)
         end
 
         def test_parent_xpath
-          assert(set = xml.search('//employee'))
+          assert(set = xml.search("//employee"))
           assert(node = set.first)
-          assert(parent_set = node.search('..'))
+          assert(parent_set = node.search(".."))
           assert(parent_node = parent_set.first)
-          assert_equal('/staff', parent_node.path)
+          assert_equal("/staff", parent_node.path)
           assert_equal(node.parent, parent_node)
         end
 
         def test_search_self
-          node = xml.at('//employee')
-          assert_equal(node.search('.').to_a, [node])
+          node = xml.at("//employee")
+          assert_equal(node.search(".").to_a, [node])
         end
 
         def test_search_by_symbol
           assert(set = xml.search(:employee))
-          assert(5, set.length)
+          assert_equal(5, set.length)
 
           assert(node = xml.at(:employee))
-          assert(node.text =~ /EMP0001/)
+          assert_match(/EMP0001/, node.text)
         end
 
         def test_encode_special_chars
-          foo = xml.css('employee').first.encode_special_chars('&')
-          assert_equal('&amp;', foo)
+          foo = xml.css("employee").first.encode_special_chars("&")
+          assert_equal("&amp;", foo)
         end
 
         def test_content_equals
-          node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new('form', xml)
-          assert_equal('', node.content)
+          node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("form", xml)
+          assert_equal("", node.content)
 
-          node.content = 'hello world!'
-          assert_equal('hello world!', node.content)
+          node.content = "hello world!"
+          assert_equal("hello world!", node.content)
 
-          node.content = '& <foo> &amp;'
-          assert_equal('& <foo> &amp;', node.content)
-          assert_equal('<form>&amp; &lt;foo&gt; &amp;amp;</form>', node.to_xml)
+          node.content = "& <foo> &amp;"
+          assert_equal("& <foo> &amp;", node.content)
+          assert_equal("<form>&amp; &lt;foo&gt; &amp;amp;</form>", node.to_xml)
 
           node.content = "1234 <-> 1234"
           assert_equal("1234 <-> 1234", node.content)
           assert_equal("<form>1234 &lt;-&gt; 1234</form>", node.to_xml)
 
-          node.content = '1234'
-          node.add_child('<foo>5678</foo>')
-          assert_equal('12345678', node.content)
+          node.content = "1234"
+          node.add_child("<foo>5678</foo>")
+          assert_equal("12345678", node.content)
         end
 
         # issue #839
         def test_encoding_of_copied_nodes
-          d1 = Nokogiri::XML('<r><a>&amp;</a></r>')
-          d2 = Nokogiri::XML('<r></r>')
-          ne = d1.root.xpath('//a').first.dup(1)
+          d1 = Nokogiri::XML("<r><a>&amp;</a></r>")
+          d2 = Nokogiri::XML("<r></r>")
+          ne = d1.root.xpath("//a").first.dup(1)
           ne.content += "& < & > \" &"
           d2.root << ne
           assert_match(%r{<a>&amp;&amp; &lt; &amp; &gt; \" &amp;</a>}, d2.to_s)
         end
 
         def test_content_after_appending_text
-          doc = Nokogiri::XML('<foo />')
+          doc = Nokogiri::XML("<foo />")
           node = doc.children.first
-          node.content = 'bar'
-          node << 'baz'
-          assert_equal('barbaz', node.content)
+          node.content = "bar"
+          node << "baz"
+          assert_equal("barbaz", node.content)
         end
 
         def test_content_depth_first
-          node = Nokogiri::XML('<foo>first<baz>second</baz>third</foo>')
-          assert_equal('firstsecondthird', node.content)
+          node = Nokogiri::XML("<foo>first<baz>second</baz>third</foo>")
+          assert_equal("firstsecondthird", node.content)
         end
 
         def test_set_content_should_unlink_existing_content
@@ -869,7 +947,7 @@ def test_set_content_should_unlink_existing_content
 
         def test_whitespace_nodes
           doc = Nokogiri::XML.parse("<root><b>Foo</b>\n<i>Bar</i> <p>Bazz</p></root>")
-          children = doc.at('//root').children.collect(&:to_s)
+          children = doc.at("//root").children.collect(&:to_s)
           assert_equal("\n", children[1])
           assert_equal(" ", children[3])
         end
@@ -878,17 +956,17 @@ def test_node_equality
           doc1 = Nokogiri::XML.parse(File.read(XML_FILE), XML_FILE)
           doc2 = Nokogiri::XML.parse(File.read(XML_FILE), XML_FILE)
 
-          address1_1 = doc1.xpath('//address').first
-          address1_2 = doc1.xpath('//address').first
+          address1_1 = doc1.xpath("//address").first
+          address1_2 = doc1.xpath("//address").first
 
-          address2 = doc2.xpath('//address').first
+          address2 = doc2.xpath("//address").first
 
-          assert_not_equal(address1_1, address2) # two references to very, very similar nodes
+          refute_equal(address1_1, address2) # two references to very, very similar nodes
           assert_equal(address1_1, address1_2) # two references to the exact same node
         end
 
         def test_namespace_search_with_xpath_and_hash
-          xml = Nokogiri::XML.parse(<<~eoxml)
+          xml = Nokogiri::XML.parse(<<~XML)
             <root>
               <car xmlns:part="http://general-motors.com/">
                 <part:tire>Michelin Model XGV</part:tire>
@@ -897,14 +975,14 @@ def test_namespace_search_with_xpath_and_hash
                 <part:tire>I'm a bicycle tire!</part:tire>
               </bicycle>
             </root>
-          eoxml
+          XML
 
-          tires = xml.xpath('//bike:tire', { 'bike' => 'http://schwinn.com/' })
+          tires = xml.xpath("//bike:tire", { "bike" => "http://schwinn.com/" })
           assert_equal(1, tires.length)
         end
 
         def test_namespace_search_with_xpath_and_hash_with_symbol_keys
-          xml = Nokogiri::XML.parse(<<~eoxml)
+          xml = Nokogiri::XML.parse(<<~XML)
             <root>
               <car xmlns:part="http://general-motors.com/">
                 <part:tire>Michelin Model XGV</part:tire>
@@ -913,14 +991,14 @@ def test_namespace_search_with_xpath_and_hash_with_symbol_keys
                 <part:tire>I'm a bicycle tire!</part:tire>
               </bicycle>
             </root>
-          eoxml
+          XML
 
-          tires = xml.xpath('//bike:tire', bike: 'http://schwinn.com/')
+          tires = xml.xpath("//bike:tire", bike: "http://schwinn.com/")
           assert_equal(1, tires.length)
         end
 
         def test_namespace_search_with_css
-          xml = Nokogiri::XML.parse(<<~eoxml)
+          xml = Nokogiri::XML.parse(<<~XML)
             <root>
               <car xmlns:part="http://general-motors.com/">
                 <part:tire>Michelin Model XGV</part:tire>
@@ -929,93 +1007,93 @@ def test_namespace_search_with_css
                 <part:tire>I'm a bicycle tire!</part:tire>
               </bicycle>
             </root>
-          eoxml
+          XML
 
-          tires = xml.css('bike|tire', 'bike' => 'http://schwinn.com/')
+          tires = xml.css("bike|tire", "bike" => "http://schwinn.com/")
           assert_equal(1, tires.length)
         end
 
         def test_namespaced_attribute_search_with_xpath
           # from #593
-          xmlContent = <<~EOXML
+          xml_content = <<~XML
             <?xml version="1.0"?>
             <ns1:el1 xmlns:ns1="http://blabla.com" >
               <ns1:el2 ns1:att="123">with namespace</ns1:el2 >
               <ns1:el2 att="noNameSpace">no namespace</ns1:el2 >
             </ns1:el1>
-          EOXML
-          xml_doc = Nokogiri::XML(xmlContent)
+          XML
+          xml_doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml_content)
 
           no_ns = xml_doc.xpath("//*[@att]")
-          assert_equal(no_ns.length, 1)
-          assert_equal(no_ns.first.content, "no namespace")
+          assert_equal(1, no_ns.length)
+          assert_equal("no namespace", no_ns.first.content)
 
           with_ns = xml_doc.xpath("//*[@ns1:att]")
-          assert_equal(with_ns.length, 1)
-          assert_equal(with_ns.first.content, "with namespace")
+          assert_equal(1, with_ns.length)
+          assert_equal("with namespace", with_ns.first.content)
         end
 
         def test_namespaced_attribute_search_with_css
           # from #593
-          xmlContent = <<~EOXML
+          xml_content = <<~XML
             <?xml version="1.0"?>
             <ns1:el1 xmlns:ns1="http://blabla.com" >
               <ns1:el2 ns1:att="123">with namespace</ns1:el2 >
               <ns1:el2 att="noNameSpace">no namespace</ns1:el2 >
             </ns1:el1>
-          EOXML
-          xml_doc = Nokogiri::XML(xmlContent)
+          XML
+          xml_doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml_content)
 
-          no_ns = xml_doc.css('*[att]')
-          assert_equal(no_ns.length, 1)
-          assert_equal(no_ns.first.content, "no namespace")
+          no_ns = xml_doc.css("*[att]")
+          assert_equal(1, no_ns.length)
+          assert_equal("no namespace", no_ns.first.content)
 
-          with_ns = xml_doc.css('*[ns1|att]')
-          assert_equal(with_ns.length, 1)
-          assert_equal(with_ns.first.content, "with namespace")
+          with_ns = xml_doc.css("*[ns1|att]")
+          assert_equal(1, with_ns.length)
+          assert_equal("with namespace", with_ns.first.content)
         end
 
         def test_namespaces_should_include_all_namespace_definitions
-          xml = Nokogiri::XML.parse(<<~EOF)
+          xml = Nokogiri::XML.parse(<<~XML)
             <x xmlns="http://quux.com/" xmlns:a="http://foo.com/" xmlns:b="http://bar.com/">
               <y xmlns:c="http://bazz.com/">
                 <z>hello</z>
                 <a xmlns:c="http://newc.com/" />
               </y>
             </x>
-          EOF
+          XML
 
           namespaces = xml.namespaces # Document#namespace
           assert_equal({ "xmlns" => "http://quux.com/",
                          "xmlns:a" => "http://foo.com/",
-                         "xmlns:b" => "http://bar.com/" }, namespaces)
+                         "xmlns:b" => "http://bar.com/", }, namespaces)
 
           namespaces = xml.root.namespaces
           assert_equal({ "xmlns" => "http://quux.com/",
                          "xmlns:a" => "http://foo.com/",
-                         "xmlns:b" => "http://bar.com/" }, namespaces)
+                         "xmlns:b" => "http://bar.com/", }, namespaces)
 
           namespaces = xml.at_xpath("//xmlns:y").namespaces
           assert_equal({ "xmlns" => "http://quux.com/",
                          "xmlns:a" => "http://foo.com/",
                          "xmlns:b" => "http://bar.com/",
-                         "xmlns:c" => "http://bazz.com/" }, namespaces)
+                         "xmlns:c" => "http://bazz.com/", }, namespaces)
 
           namespaces = xml.at_xpath("//xmlns:z").namespaces
           assert_equal({ "xmlns" => "http://quux.com/",
                          "xmlns:a" => "http://foo.com/",
                          "xmlns:b" => "http://bar.com/",
-                         "xmlns:c" => "http://bazz.com/" }, namespaces)
+                         "xmlns:c" => "http://bazz.com/", }, namespaces)
 
           namespaces = xml.at_xpath("//xmlns:a").namespaces
           assert_equal({ "xmlns" => "http://quux.com/",
                          "xmlns:a" => "http://foo.com/",
                          "xmlns:b" => "http://bar.com/",
-                         "xmlns:c" => "http://newc.com/" }, namespaces)
+                         "xmlns:c" => "http://newc.com/", }, namespaces)
         end
 
         def test_namespace
-          xml = Nokogiri::XML.parse(<<~EOF)
+          xml = Nokogiri::XML.parse(<<~XML)
             <x xmlns:a='http://foo.com/' xmlns:b='http://bar.com/'>
               <y xmlns:c='http://bazz.com/'>
                 <a:div>hello a</a:div>
@@ -1025,23 +1103,23 @@ def test_namespace
                 <div x="1">hello moon</div>
               </y>
             </x>
-          EOF
+          XML
           set = xml.search("//y/*")
           assert_equal("a", set[0].namespace.prefix)
-          assert_equal('http://foo.com/', set[0].namespace.href)
+          assert_equal("http://foo.com/", set[0].namespace.href)
           assert_equal("b", set[1].namespace.prefix)
-          assert_equal('http://bar.com/', set[1].namespace.href)
+          assert_equal("http://bar.com/", set[1].namespace.href)
           assert_equal("c", set[2].namespace.prefix)
-          assert_equal('http://bazz.com/', set[2].namespace.href)
+          assert_equal("http://bazz.com/", set[2].namespace.href)
           assert_nil(set[3].namespace.prefix) # default namespace
-          assert_equal('http://ns.example.com/d', set[3].namespace.href)
+          assert_equal("http://ns.example.com/d", set[3].namespace.href)
           assert_nil(set[4].namespace) # no namespace
 
-          assert_equal('b', set[2].attributes['y'].namespace.prefix)
-          assert_equal('http://bar.com/', set[2].attributes['y'].namespace.href)
-          assert_nil(set[2].attributes['x'].namespace)
-          assert_nil(set[3].attributes['x'].namespace)
-          assert_nil(set[4].attributes['x'].namespace)
+          assert_equal("b", set[2].attributes["y"].namespace.prefix)
+          assert_equal("http://bar.com/", set[2].attributes["y"].namespace.href)
+          assert_nil(set[2].attributes["x"].namespace)
+          assert_nil(set[3].attributes["x"].namespace)
+          assert_nil(set[4].attributes["x"].namespace)
         end
 
         def test_namespace_without_an_href_on_html_node
@@ -1049,18 +1127,24 @@ def test_namespace_without_an_href_on_html_node
           #  describe how we handle microsoft word's HTML formatting.
           #  this test is descriptive, not prescriptive.
           #
-          skip_unless_libxml2("Xerces handles this edge case completely differently")
-
-          xml = Nokogiri::HTML.parse(<<~EOF)
+          html = Nokogiri::HTML.parse(<<~XML)
             <div><o:p>foo</o:p></div>
-          EOF
-
-          node = xml.at("p")
-          assert_not_nil(node)
-
-          assert_equal(1, node.namespaces.keys.size)
-          assert(node.namespaces.has_key?('xmlns:o'))
-          assert_nil(node.namespaces['xmlns:o'])
+          XML
+          node = html.at("div").children.first
+          refute_nil(node)
+
+          if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?(">= 2.9.12")
+            assert_empty(node.namespaces.keys)
+            assert_equal("<p>foo</p>", node.to_html)
+          elsif Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
+            assert_equal(1, node.namespaces.keys.size)
+            assert(node.namespaces.key?("xmlns:o"))
+            assert_nil(node.namespaces["xmlns:o"])
+            assert_equal("<p>foo</p>", node.to_html)
+          else # jruby
+            assert_empty(node.namespaces.keys)
+            assert_equal("<o:p>foo</o:p>", node.to_html)
+          end
         end
 
         def test_xpath_results_have_document_and_are_decorated
@@ -1070,7 +1154,7 @@ def awesome!; end
           util_decorate(xml, x)
           node_set = xml.xpath("//employee")
           assert_equal(xml, node_set.document)
-          assert(node_set.respond_to?(:awesome!))
+          assert_respond_to(node_set, :awesome!)
         end
 
         def test_css_results_have_document_and_are_decorated
@@ -1080,12 +1164,15 @@ def awesome!; end
           util_decorate(xml, x)
           node_set = xml.css("employee")
           assert_equal(xml, node_set.document)
-          assert(node_set.respond_to?(:awesome!))
+          assert_respond_to(node_set, :awesome!)
         end
 
-        def test_blank
-          doc = Nokogiri::XML('')
-          assert_equal(false, doc.blank?)
+        def test_blank_eh
+          refute_predicate(Nokogiri(""), :blank?)
+          refute_predicate(Nokogiri("<root><child/></root>").root.child, :blank?)
+          assert_predicate(Nokogiri("<root>\t \n</root>").root.child, :blank?)
+          assert_predicate(Nokogiri("<root><![CDATA[\t \n]]></root>").root.child, :blank?)
+          assert_predicate(Nokogiri("<root>not-blank</root>").root.child.tap { |n| n.content = "" }, :blank?)
         end
 
         def test_to_xml_allows_to_serialize_with_as_xml_save_option
@@ -1093,47 +1180,47 @@ def test_to_xml_allows_to_serialize_with_as_xml_save_option
           set = xml.search("//ul")
           node = set.first
 
-          assert_no_match("<ul>\n  <li>", xml.to_xml(save_with: XML::Node::SaveOptions::AS_XML))
-          assert_no_match("<ul>\n  <li>", node.to_xml(save_with: XML::Node::SaveOptions::AS_XML))
+          refute_match("<ul>\n  <li>", xml.to_xml(save_with: XML::Node::SaveOptions::AS_XML))
+          refute_match("<ul>\n  <li>", node.to_xml(save_with: XML::Node::SaveOptions::AS_XML))
         end
 
         # issue 647
         def test_default_namespace_should_be_created
           subject = Nokogiri::XML.parse('<foo xml:bar="http://bar.com"/>').root
-          ns = subject.attributes['bar'].namespace
-          assert_not_nil(ns)
+          ns = subject.attributes["bar"].namespace
+          refute_nil(ns)
           assert_equal(ns.class, Nokogiri::XML::Namespace)
-          assert_equal('xml', ns.prefix)
+          assert_equal("xml", ns.prefix)
           assert_equal("http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace", ns.href)
         end
 
         # issue 648
         def test_namespace_without_prefix_should_be_set
           node = Nokogiri::XML.parse('<foo xmlns="http://bar.com"/>').root
-          subject = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new('foo', node.document)
+          subject = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("foo", node.document)
           subject.namespace = node.namespace
           ns = subject.namespace
           assert_equal(ns.class, Nokogiri::XML::Namespace)
           assert_nil(ns.prefix)
-          assert_equal(ns.href, "http://bar.com")
+          assert_equal("http://bar.com", ns.href)
         end
 
         # issue 695
         def test_namespace_in_rendered_xml
           document = Nokogiri::XML::Document.new
-          subject = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new('foo', document)
-          ns = subject.add_namespace(nil, 'bar')
+          subject = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("foo", document)
+          ns = subject.add_namespace(nil, "bar")
           subject.namespace = ns
           assert_match(/xmlns="bar"/, subject.to_xml)
         end
 
         # issue 771
         def test_format_noblank
-          content = <<~eoxml
+          content = <<~XML
             <foo>
               <bar>hello</bar>
             </foo>
-          eoxml
+          XML
           subject = Nokogiri::XML(content) do |conf|
             conf.default_xml.noblanks
           end
@@ -1143,7 +1230,7 @@ def test_format_noblank
 
         def test_text_node_colon
           document = Nokogiri::XML::Document.new
-          root = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new('foo', document)
+          root = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("foo", document)
           document.root = root
           root << "<a>hello:with_colon</a>"
           assert_match(/hello:with_colon/, document.to_xml)
@@ -1155,22 +1242,22 @@ def test_document_eh
           html_node = html_doc.at_css("div")
           xml_node = xml_doc.at_css("div")
 
-          assert(html_doc.document?)
-          assert(xml_doc.document?)
-          assert(!html_node.document?)
-          assert(!xml_node.document?)
+          assert_predicate(html_doc, :document?)
+          assert_predicate(xml_doc, :document?)
+          refute_predicate(html_node, :document?)
+          refute_predicate(xml_node, :document?)
         end
 
         def test_processing_instruction_eh
           xml_doc = Nokogiri::XML(%{<?xml version="1.0"?>\n<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="foo.xsl"?>\n<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="foo2.xsl"?>\n<root><div>foo</div></root>})
           pi_node = xml_doc.children.first
           div_node = xml_doc.at_css("div")
-          assert(pi_node.processing_instruction?)
-          assert(!div_node.processing_instruction?)
+          assert_predicate(pi_node, :processing_instruction?)
+          refute_predicate(div_node, :processing_instruction?)
         end
 
         def test_node_lang
-          document = Nokogiri::XML(<<~EOXML)
+          document = Nokogiri::XML(<<~XML)
             <root>
               <div class='english'  xml:lang='en'>
                 <div class='english_child'>foo</div>
@@ -1178,7 +1265,7 @@ def test_node_lang
               <div class='japanese' xml:lang='jp'>bar</div>
               <div class='unspecified'>bar</div>
             </root>
-          EOXML
+          XML
           assert_equal("en", document.at_css(".english").lang)
           assert_equal("en", document.at_css(".english_child").lang)
           assert_equal("jp", document.at_css(".japanese").lang)
@@ -1197,7 +1284,7 @@ def test_set_node_lang
         end
 
         def test_text_node_robustness_gh1426
-          skip("only run if NOKOGIRI_GC is set") unless ENV['NOKOGIRI_GC']
+          skip("only run if NOKOGIRI_GC is set") unless ENV["NOKOGIRI_GC"]
           skip_unless_libxml2("No need to test libxml-ruby workarounds on JRuby")
           # notably, the original bug report was about libxml-ruby interactions
           # this test should blow up under valgrind if we regress on libxml-ruby workarounds
@@ -1205,8 +1292,8 @@ def test_text_node_robustness_gh1426
           message = "<section><h2>BOOM!</h2></section>"
           10_000.times do
             node = Nokogiri::HTML::DocumentFragment.parse(message).at_css("h2")
-            node.add_previous_sibling(Nokogiri::XML::Text.new('before', node.document))
-            node.add_next_sibling(Nokogiri::XML::Text.new('after', node.document))
+            node.add_previous_sibling(Nokogiri::XML::Text.new("before", node.document))
+            node.add_next_sibling(Nokogiri::XML::Text.new("after", node.document))
           end
         end
 
@@ -1215,13 +1302,78 @@ def test_wrap
           doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml)
           thing = doc.at_css("thing")
           thing.wrap("<wrapper/>")
-          assert_equal('wrapper', thing.parent.name)
-          assert_equal('thing', doc.at_css("wrapper").children.first.name)
+          assert_equal("wrapper", thing.parent.name)
+          assert_equal("thing", doc.at_css("wrapper").children.first.name)
         end
 
         describe "#line" do
+          it "counts lines" do
+            xml = Nokogiri::XML(<<~XML)
+              <a>
+                <b>Test</b>
+              </a>
+            XML
+
+            if Nokogiri.jruby?
+              # in the output
+              assert_equal(3, xml.at_css("b").line)
+            else
+              # in the input
+              assert_equal(2, xml.at_css("b").line)
+            end
+          end
+
+          it "properly numbers lines with documents containing XML prolog" do
+            xml = Nokogiri::XML(<<~XML)
+              <?xml version="1.0" ?>
+              <a>
+                <b>Test</b>
+              </a>
+            XML
+
+            assert_equal(3, xml.at_css("b").line)
+          end
+
+          it "properly numbers lines with documents containing XML comments" do
+            xml = Nokogiri::XML(<<~XML)
+              <a>
+                <b>
+                  <!-- This is a comment -->
+                  <c>Test</c>
+                </b>
+              </a>
+            XML
+
+            if Nokogiri.jruby?
+              assert_equal(5, xml.at_css("c").line)
+            else
+              assert_equal(4, xml.at_css("c").line)
+            end
+          end
+
+          it "properly numbers lines with documents containing XML multiline comments" do
+            xml = Nokogiri::XML(<<~XML)
+              <a>
+                <b>
+                  <!--
+                    This is a comment
+                  -->
+                  <c>
+                    Test
+                  </c>
+                </b>
+              </a>
+            XML
+
+            if Nokogiri.jruby?
+              assert_equal(7, xml.at_css("c").line)
+            else
+              assert_equal(6, xml.at_css("c").line)
+            end
+          end
+
           it "returns a sensible line number for each node" do
-            xml = Nokogiri::XML(<<~eoxml)
+            xml = Nokogiri::XML(<<~XML)
               <a>
                 <b>
                   Hello world
@@ -1230,11 +1382,39 @@ def test_wrap
                   Goodbye world
                 </b>
               </root>
-            eoxml
+            XML
+
+            set = xml.css("b")
+            if Nokogiri.jruby?
+              assert_equal(3, set[0].line)
+              assert_equal(6, set[1].line)
+            else
+              assert_equal(2, set[0].line)
+              assert_equal(5, set[1].line)
+            end
+          end
 
-            set = xml.search("//b")
-            assert_equal(2, set[0].line)
-            assert_equal(5, set[1].line)
+          it "supports a line number greater than a short int" do
+            max_short_int = (1 << 16) - 1
+            xml = StringIO.new.tap do |io|
+              io << "<root>"
+              max_short_int.times do |j|
+                io << "<a>#{j}</a>\n"
+                io << "<b>#{j}</b>\n"
+              end
+              io << "<x/>\n"
+              io << "</root>"
+            end.string
+
+            if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
+              doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml, &:nobig_lines)
+              node = doc.at_css("x")
+              assert_operator(node.line, :==, max_short_int)
+            end
+
+            doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml)
+            node = doc.at_css("x")
+            assert_operator(node.line, :>, max_short_int)
           end
         end
 
@@ -1242,10 +1422,22 @@ def test_wrap
           it "overrides the line number of a node" do
             skip_unless_libxml2("Xerces does not have line numbers for nodes")
             document = Nokogiri::XML::Document.new
-            node = document.create_element('a')
+            node = document.create_element("a")
             node.line = 54321
             assert_equal(54321, node.line)
           end
+
+          it "supports a line number greater than a short int for text nodes" do
+            skip_unless_libxml2("Xerces does not have line numbers for nodes")
+
+            max_short_int = (1 << 16) - 1
+            line_number = max_short_int + 100
+
+            document = Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse("<root><a>text node</a></root>")
+            node = document.at_css("a").children.first
+            node.line = line_number
+            assert_equal(line_number, node.line)
+          end
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_node_attributes.rb b/test/xml/test_node_attributes.rb
index a7b3af9c1f..140a2d7647 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_node_attributes.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_node_attributes.rb
@@ -1,99 +1,100 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class TestNodeAttributes < Nokogiri::TestCase
       def test_attribute_with_ns
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML <<-eoxml
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<-eoxml)
           <root xmlns:tlm='http://tenderlovemaking.com/'>
             <node tlm:foo='bar' foo='baz' />
           </root>
         eoxml
 
-        node = doc.at('node')
+        node = doc.at("node")
 
-        assert_equal 'bar',
-          node.attribute_with_ns('foo', 'http://tenderlovemaking.com/').value
+        assert_equal("bar",
+          node.attribute_with_ns("foo", "http://tenderlovemaking.com/").value)
       end
 
       def test_prefixed_attributes
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML "<root xml:lang='en-GB' />"
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root xml:lang='en-GB' />")
 
         node = doc.root
 
-        assert_equal 'en-GB', node['xml:lang']
-        assert_equal 'en-GB', node.attributes['lang'].value
-        assert_nil node['lang']
+        assert_equal("en-GB", node["xml:lang"])
+        assert_equal("en-GB", node.attributes["lang"].value)
+        assert_nil(node["lang"])
       end
 
       def test_unknown_namespace_prefix_should_not_be_removed
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML ''
-        elem = doc.create_element 'foo', 'bar:attr' => 'something'
-        assert_equal elem.attribute_nodes.first.name, 'bar:attr'
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML("")
+        elem = doc.create_element("foo", "bar:attr" => "something")
+        assert_equal("bar:attr", elem.attribute_nodes.first.name)
       end
 
       def test_set_prefixed_attributes
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML %Q{<root xmlns:foo="x"/>}
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML(%{<root xmlns:foo="x"/>})
 
         node = doc.root
 
-        node['xml:lang'] = 'en-GB'
-        node['foo:bar']  = 'bazz'
+        node["xml:lang"] = "en-GB"
+        node["foo:bar"]  = "bazz"
 
-        assert_equal 'en-GB', node['xml:lang']
-        assert_equal 'en-GB', node.attributes['lang'].value
-        assert_nil node['lang']
-        assert_equal 'http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace', node.attributes['lang'].namespace.href
+        assert_equal("en-GB", node["xml:lang"])
+        assert_equal("en-GB", node.attributes["lang"].value)
+        assert_nil(node["lang"])
+        assert_equal("http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace", node.attributes["lang"].namespace.href)
 
-        assert_equal 'bazz', node['foo:bar']
-        assert_equal 'bazz', node.attributes['bar'].value
-        assert_nil node['bar']
-        assert_equal 'x', node.attributes['bar'].namespace.href
+        assert_equal("bazz", node["foo:bar"])
+        assert_equal("bazz", node.attributes["bar"].value)
+        assert_nil(node["bar"])
+        assert_equal("x", node.attributes["bar"].namespace.href)
       end
 
       def test_append_child_namespace_definitions_prefixed_attributes
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML "<root/>"
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root/>")
         node = doc.root
 
-        node['xml:lang'] = 'en-GB'
+        node["xml:lang"] = "en-GB"
 
-        assert_equal [], node.namespace_definitions.map(&:prefix)
+        assert_empty(node.namespace_definitions.map(&:prefix))
 
-        child_node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new 'foo', doc
+        child_node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("foo", doc)
         node << child_node
 
-        assert_equal [], node.namespace_definitions.map(&:prefix)
+        assert_empty(node.namespace_definitions.map(&:prefix))
       end
 
       def test_append_child_element_with_prefixed_attributes
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML "<root/>"
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root/>")
         node = doc.root
 
-        assert_equal [], node.namespace_definitions.map(&:prefix)
-
+        assert_empty(node.namespace_definitions.map(&:prefix))
 
         # assert_nothing_raised do
-          child_node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new 'foo', doc
-          child_node['xml:lang'] = 'en-GB'
+        child_node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("foo", doc)
+        child_node["xml:lang"] = "en-GB"
 
-          node << child_node
+        node << child_node
         # end
 
-        assert_equal [], child_node.namespace_definitions.map(&:prefix)
+        assert_empty(child_node.namespace_definitions.map(&:prefix))
       end
 
       def test_namespace_key?
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML <<-eoxml
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<-eoxml)
           <root xmlns:tlm='http://tenderlovemaking.com/'>
             <node tlm:foo='bar' foo='baz' />
           </root>
         eoxml
 
-        node = doc.at('node')
+        node = doc.at("node")
 
-        assert node.namespaced_key?('foo', 'http://tenderlovemaking.com/')
-        assert node.namespaced_key?('foo', nil)
-        assert !node.namespaced_key?('foo', 'foo')
+        assert(node.namespaced_key?("foo", "http://tenderlovemaking.com/"))
+        assert(node.namespaced_key?("foo", nil))
+        refute(node.namespaced_key?("foo", "foo"))
       end
 
       def test_set_attribute_frees_nodes
@@ -102,13 +103,13 @@ def test_set_attribute_frees_nodes
         document = Nokogiri::XML.parse("<foo></foo>")
 
         node = document.root
-        node['visible'] = 'foo'
-        attribute = node.attribute('visible')
-        text = Nokogiri::XML::Text.new 'bar', document
+        node["visible"] = "foo"
+        attribute = node.attribute("visible")
+        text = Nokogiri::XML::Text.new("bar", document)
         attribute.add_child(text)
 
         stress_memory_while do
-          node['visible'] = 'attr'
+          node["visible"] = "attr"
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_node_encoding.rb b/test/xml/test_node_encoding.rb
index 03a5d2e859..1e81223521 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_node_encoding.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_node_encoding.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 # encoding: UTF-8
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -6,33 +8,33 @@ module XML
     class TestNodeEncoding < Nokogiri::TestCase
       def test_serialize_encoding_xml
         @xml = Nokogiri::XML(File.open(SHIFT_JIS_XML))
-        assert_equal @xml.encoding.downcase,
-          @xml.serialize.encoding.name.downcase
+        assert_equal(@xml.encoding.downcase,
+          @xml.serialize.encoding.name.downcase)
 
         @doc = Nokogiri::XML(@xml.serialize)
-        assert_equal @xml.serialize, @doc.serialize
+        assert_equal(@xml.serialize, @doc.serialize)
       end
 
       def test_default_encoding
         doc = Nokogiri::XML(VEHICLE_XML)
-        assert_nil doc.encoding
-        assert_equal 'UTF-8', doc.serialize.encoding.name
+        assert_nil(doc.encoding)
+        assert_equal("UTF-8", doc.serialize.encoding.name)
       end
 
       def test_encoding_GH_1113
-        utf8 = '<frag>shahid ὡ 𐄣 𢂁</frag>'
-        hex = '<frag>shahid &#x1f61; &#x10123; &#x22081;</frag>'
-        decimal = '<frag>shahid &#8033; &#65827; &#139393;</frag>'
+        utf8 = "<frag>shahid ὡ 𐄣 𢂁</frag>"
+        hex = "<frag>shahid &#x1f61; &#x10123; &#x22081;</frag>"
+        decimal = "<frag>shahid &#8033; &#65827; &#139393;</frag>"
         expected = Nokogiri.jruby? ? hex : decimal
 
-        frag = Nokogiri::XML(utf8, nil, 'UTF-8', Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::STRICT)
-        assert_equal utf8, frag.to_xml.sub(/^<.xml[^>]*>\n/m, '').strip
+        frag = Nokogiri::XML(utf8, nil, "UTF-8", Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::STRICT)
+        assert_equal(utf8, frag.to_xml.sub(/^<.xml[^>]*>\n/m, "").strip)
 
-        frag = Nokogiri::XML(expected, nil, 'UTF-8', Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::STRICT)
-        assert_equal utf8, frag.to_xml.sub(/^<.xml[^>]*>\n/m, '').strip
+        frag = Nokogiri::XML(expected, nil, "UTF-8", Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::STRICT)
+        assert_equal(utf8, frag.to_xml.sub(/^<.xml[^>]*>\n/m, "").strip)
 
-        frag = Nokogiri::XML(expected, nil, 'US-ASCII', Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::STRICT)
-        assert_equal expected, frag.to_xml.sub(/^<.xml[^>]*>\n/m, '').strip
+        frag = Nokogiri::XML(expected, nil, "US-ASCII", Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::STRICT)
+        assert_equal(expected, frag.to_xml.sub(/^<.xml[^>]*>\n/m, "").strip)
       end
 
       VEHICLE_XML = <<-eoxml
@@ -47,27 +49,27 @@ def test_encoding_GH_1113
       eoxml
 
       def test_namespace
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML(VEHICLE_XML.encode('Shift_JIS'), nil, 'Shift_JIS')
-        assert_equal 'Shift_JIS', doc.encoding
-        n = doc.xpath('//part:tire', { 'part' => 'http://schwinn.com/' }).first
-        assert n
-        assert_equal 'UTF-8', n.namespace.href.encoding.name
-        assert_equal 'UTF-8', n.namespace.prefix.encoding.name
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML(VEHICLE_XML.encode("Shift_JIS"), nil, "Shift_JIS")
+        assert_equal("Shift_JIS", doc.encoding)
+        n = doc.xpath("//part:tire", { "part" => "http://schwinn.com/" }).first
+        assert(n)
+        assert_equal("UTF-8", n.namespace.href.encoding.name)
+        assert_equal("UTF-8", n.namespace.prefix.encoding.name)
       end
 
       def test_namespace_as_hash
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML(VEHICLE_XML.encode('Shift_JIS'), nil, 'Shift_JIS')
-        assert_equal 'Shift_JIS', doc.encoding
-        assert n = doc.xpath('//car').first
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML(VEHICLE_XML.encode("Shift_JIS"), nil, "Shift_JIS")
+        assert_equal("Shift_JIS", doc.encoding)
+        assert(n = doc.xpath("//car").first)
 
         n.namespace_definitions.each do |nd|
-          assert_equal 'UTF-8', nd.href.encoding.name
-          assert_equal 'UTF-8', nd.prefix.encoding.name
+          assert_equal("UTF-8", nd.href.encoding.name)
+          assert_equal("UTF-8", nd.prefix.encoding.name)
         end
 
-        n.namespaces.each do |k,v|
-          assert_equal 'UTF-8', k.encoding.name
-          assert_equal 'UTF-8', v.encoding.name
+        n.namespaces.each do |k, v|
+          assert_equal("UTF-8", k.encoding.name)
+          assert_equal("UTF-8", v.encoding.name)
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_node_inheritance.rb b/test/xml/test_node_inheritance.rb
index 760e3329ff..472271441b 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_node_inheritance.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_node_inheritance.rb
@@ -1,31 +1,33 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # issue#560
 
-require 'helper'
+require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class TestNodeInheritance < Nokogiri::TestCase
-      MyNode = Class.new Nokogiri::XML::Node
+      MyNode = Class.new(Nokogiri::XML::Node)
       def setup
         super
-        @node = MyNode.new 'foo', Nokogiri::XML::Document.new
-        @node['foo'] = 'bar' 
+        @node = MyNode.new("foo", Nokogiri::XML::Document.new)
+        @node["foo"] = "bar"
       end
 
       def test_node_name
-        assert @node.name == 'foo'
+        assert_equal("foo", @node.name)
       end
 
-      def test_node_writing_an_attribute_accessing_via_attributes 
-        assert @node.attributes['foo']
+      def test_node_writing_an_attribute_accessing_via_attributes
+        assert(@node.attributes["foo"])
       end
 
-      def test_node_writing_an_attribute_accessing_via_key 
-        assert @node.key? 'foo'
+      def test_node_writing_an_attribute_accessing_via_key
+        assert(@node.key?("foo"))
       end
 
-      def test_node_writing_an_attribute_accessing_via_brackets 
-        assert @node['foo'] == 'bar'
+      def test_node_writing_an_attribute_accessing_via_brackets
+        assert_equal("bar", @node["foo"])
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_node_reparenting.rb b/test/xml/test_node_reparenting.rb
index 2bd80cf9f0..08fb2ecabe 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_node_reparenting.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_node_reparenting.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -58,22 +59,22 @@ class TestNodeReparenting < Nokogiri::TestCase
         end
 
         {
-          :add_child => { target: "/root/a1", returns_self: false, children_tags: %w[text b1 b2] },
-          :<< => { target: "/root/a1", returns_self: true, children_tags: %w[text b1 b2] },
+          :add_child => { target: "/root/a1", returns_self: false, children_tags: ["text", "b1", "b2"] },
+          :<< => { target: "/root/a1", returns_self: true, children_tags: ["text", "b1", "b2"] },
 
-          :replace => { target: "/root/a1/node()", returns_self: false, children_tags: %w[b1 b2] },
-          :swap => { target: "/root/a1/node()", returns_self: true, children_tags: %w[b1 b2] },
+          :replace => { target: "/root/a1/node()", returns_self: false, children_tags: ["b1", "b2"] },
+          :swap => { target: "/root/a1/node()", returns_self: true, children_tags: ["b1", "b2"] },
 
-          :children= => { target: "/root/a1", returns_self: false, children_tags: %w[b1 b2] },
-          :inner_html= => { target: "/root/a1", returns_self: true, children_tags: %w[b1 b2] },
+          :children= => { target: "/root/a1", children_tags: ["b1", "b2"] },
+          :inner_html= => { target: "/root/a1", children_tags: ["b1", "b2"] },
 
-          :add_previous_sibling => { target: "/root/a1/text()", returns_self: false, children_tags: %w[b1 b2 text] },
-          :previous= => { target: "/root/a1/text()", returns_self: false, children_tags: %w[b1 b2 text] },
-          :before => { target: "/root/a1/text()", returns_self: true, children_tags: %w[b1 b2 text] },
+          :add_previous_sibling => { target: "/root/a1/text()", returns_self: false, children_tags: ["b1", "b2", "text"] },
+          :previous= => { target: "/root/a1/text()", children_tags: ["b1", "b2", "text"] },
+          :before => { target: "/root/a1/text()", returns_self: true, children_tags: ["b1", "b2", "text"] },
 
-          :add_next_sibling => { target: "/root/a1/text()", returns_self: false, children_tags: %w[text b1 b2] },
-          :next= => { target: "/root/a1/text()", returns_self: false, children_tags: %w[text b1 b2] },
-          :after => { target: "/root/a1/text()", returns_self: true, children_tags: %w[text b1 b2] },
+          :add_next_sibling => { target: "/root/a1/text()", returns_self: false, children_tags: ["text", "b1", "b2"] },
+          :next= => { target: "/root/a1/text()", children_tags: ["text", "b1", "b2"] },
+          :after => { target: "/root/a1/text()", returns_self: true, children_tags: ["text", "b1", "b2"] },
         }.each do |method, params|
           describe "##{method}" do
             describe "passed a Node" do
@@ -99,7 +100,9 @@ class TestNodeReparenting < Nokogiri::TestCase
                   it "returns the expected value" do
                     sendee = @doc.at_xpath(params[:target])
                     result = sendee.send(method, @other_node)
-                    if params[:returns_self]
+                    if !params.key?(:returns_self)
+                      assert(method.to_s.end_with?("="))
+                    elsif params[:returns_self]
                       _(result).must_equal(sendee)
                     else
                       _(result).must_equal(@other_node)
@@ -118,7 +121,9 @@ class TestNodeReparenting < Nokogiri::TestCase
               it "returns the expected value" do
                 sendee = @doc.at_xpath(params[:target])
                 result = sendee.send(method, @fragment_string)
-                if params[:returns_self]
+                if !params.key?(:returns_self)
+                  assert(method.to_s.end_with?("="))
+                elsif params[:returns_self]
                   _(result).must_equal(sendee)
                 else
                   _(result).must_be_kind_of(Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet)
@@ -135,12 +140,12 @@ class TestNodeReparenting < Nokogiri::TestCase
             end
             describe "passed a document" do
               it "raises an exception" do
-                assert_raise(ArgumentError) { @doc.at_xpath("/root/a1").send(method, @doc2) }
+                assert_raises(ArgumentError) { @doc.at_xpath("/root/a1").send(method, @doc2) }
               end
             end
             describe "passed a non-Node" do
               it "raises an exception" do
-                assert_raise(ArgumentError) { @doc.at_xpath("/root/a1").send(method, 42) }
+                assert_raises(ArgumentError) { @doc.at_xpath("/root/a1").send(method, 42) }
               end
             end
             describe "passed a NodeSet" do
@@ -195,10 +200,10 @@ class TestNodeReparenting < Nokogiri::TestCase
             describe "##{method} parsing input" do
               let(:xml) do
                 <<~EOF
-                <root>
-                  <parent><context></context></parent>
-                </root>
-              EOF
+                  <root>
+                    <parent><context></context></parent>
+                  </root>
+                EOF
               end
 
               let(:doc) { Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse(xml) }
@@ -218,6 +223,7 @@ class TestNodeReparenting < Nokogiri::TestCase
                 before do
                   class << expected_callee
                     attr_reader :coerce_was_called
+
                     def coerce(data)
                       @coerce_was_called = true
                       super
@@ -237,7 +243,7 @@ def coerce(data)
                   before { context_node.unlink }
 
                   it "raises an exception" do
-                    ex = assert_raise(RuntimeError) do
+                    ex = assert_raises(RuntimeError) do
                       context_node.__send__(method, "<child>content</child>")
                     end
                     assert_match(/no parent/, ex.message)
@@ -360,6 +366,30 @@ def coerce(data)
                 assert_match(%r{<first xmlns=\"http://tenderlovemaking.com/\">}, @doc.to_xml)
               end
             end
+
+            describe "and a child node has a namespaced attribute" do
+              # https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2228
+              it "should not lose attribute namespace" do
+                source_doc = Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse(<<~EOXML)
+                  <pre1:root xmlns:pre1="ns1" xmlns:pre2="ns2">
+                    <pre1:child pre2:attr="attrval">
+                  </pre1:root>
+                EOXML
+                assert(source_node = source_doc.at_xpath("//pre1:child", { "pre1" => "ns1" }))
+                assert_equal("attrval", source_node.attribute_with_ns("attr", "ns2")&.value)
+
+                dest_doc = Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse(<<~EOXML)
+                  <pre1:root xmlns:pre1="ns1" xmlns:pre2="ns2">
+                  </pre1:root>
+                EOXML
+                assert(dest_node = dest_doc.at_xpath("//pre1:root", { "pre1" => "ns1" }))
+
+                inserted = dest_node.add_child(source_node)
+
+                assert_equal("attrval", inserted.attribute_with_ns("attr", "ns2")&.value,
+                  "inserted node attribute should be namespaced")
+              end
+            end
           end
 
           describe "given a parent node with a default and non-default namespace" do
@@ -384,7 +414,7 @@ def coerce(data)
                 it "inserts a node that inherits the parent's default namespace" do
                   @node.add_child(@child)
                   assert reparented = @doc.at("//bar:second", "bar" => "http://tenderlovemaking.com/")
-                  assert reparented.namespace_definitions.empty?
+                  assert_empty reparented.namespace_definitions
                   assert_equal @doc.root.namespace, reparented.namespace
                   assert_equal(
                     {
@@ -405,7 +435,7 @@ def coerce(data)
                 it "inserts a node that uses its own namespace" do
                   @node.add_child(@child)
                   assert reparented = @doc.at("//bar:second", "bar" => "http://tenderlovemaking.com/")
-                  assert reparented.namespace_definitions.include?(@ns)
+                  assert_includes reparented.namespace_definitions, @ns
                   assert_equal @ns, reparented.namespace
                   assert_equal(
                     {
@@ -432,7 +462,7 @@ def coerce(data)
                 it "inserts a node that inherits the matching parent namespace" do
                   @node.add_child(@child)
                   assert reparented = @doc.at("//bar:second", "bar" => "http://flavorjon.es/")
-                  assert reparented.namespace_definitions.empty?
+                  assert_empty reparented.namespace_definitions
                   assert_equal @root_ns, reparented.namespace
                   assert_equal(
                     {
@@ -453,7 +483,7 @@ def coerce(data)
                 it "inserts a node that uses the parent's namespace" do
                   @node.add_child(@child)
                   assert reparented = @doc.at("//bar:second", "bar" => "http://flavorjon.es/")
-                  assert reparented.namespace_definitions.empty?
+                  assert_empty reparented.namespace_definitions
                   assert_equal @root_ns, reparented.namespace
                   assert_equal(
                     {
@@ -474,7 +504,7 @@ def coerce(data)
                 it "inserts a node that keeps its namespace" do
                   @node.add_child(@child)
                   assert reparented = @doc.at("//bar:second", "bar" => "http://flavorjon.es/")
-                  assert reparented.namespace_definitions.include?(@ns)
+                  assert_includes reparented.namespace_definitions, @ns
                   assert_equal @ns, reparented.namespace
                   assert_equal(
                     {
@@ -495,7 +525,7 @@ def coerce(data)
                 it "inserts a node that keeps its namespace" do
                   @node.add_child(@child)
                   assert reparented = @doc.at("//bar:second", "bar" => "http://flavorjon.es/")
-                  assert reparented.namespace_definitions.include?(@ns)
+                  assert_includes reparented.namespace_definitions, @ns
                   assert_equal @ns, reparented.namespace
                   assert_equal(
                     {
@@ -519,8 +549,8 @@ def coerce(data)
               it "inserts a node that keeps its namespace" do
                 @node.add_child(@child)
                 assert reparented = @doc.at("//bar:second", "bar" => "http://example.org/")
-                assert reparented.namespace_definitions.include?(@ns)
-                assert reparented.namespace_definitions.include?(@ns2)
+                assert_includes reparented.namespace_definitions, @ns
+                assert_includes reparented.namespace_definitions, @ns2
                 assert_equal @ns, reparented.namespace
                 assert_equal(
                   {
@@ -533,6 +563,35 @@ def coerce(data)
               end
             end
           end
+
+          describe "given a parent node with a non-default namespace" do
+            let(:doc) do
+              Nokogiri::XML(<<~EOF)
+                <root xmlns:foo="http://nokogiri.org/default_ns/test/foo">
+                  <foo:parent>
+                  </foo:parent>
+                </root>
+              EOF
+            end
+            let(:parent) { doc.at_xpath("//foo:parent", "foo" => "http://nokogiri.org/default_ns/test/foo") }
+
+            describe "and namespace_inheritance is off" do
+              it "inserts a child node that does not inherit the parent's namespace" do
+                refute(doc.namespace_inheritance)
+                child = parent.add_child("<child></child>").first
+                assert_nil(child.namespace)
+              end
+            end
+
+            describe "and namespace_inheritance is on" do
+              it "inserts a child node that inherits the parent's namespace" do
+                doc.namespace_inheritance = true
+                child = parent.add_child("<child></child>").first
+                refute_nil(child.namespace)
+                assert_equal("http://nokogiri.org/default_ns/test/foo", child.namespace.href)
+              end
+            end
+          end
         end
 
         describe "#add_previous_sibling" do
@@ -559,10 +618,10 @@ def coerce(data)
               pivot.add_previous_sibling("x")
 
               assert_equal "after", after.content
-              assert !after.parent.nil?, "unrelated node should not be affected"
+              refute_nil after.parent, "unrelated node should not be affected"
 
               assert_equal "before", before.content
-              assert !before.parent.nil?, "no need to reparent"
+              refute_nil before.parent, "no need to reparent"
             end
           end
         end
@@ -598,10 +657,10 @@ def coerce(data)
               pivot.add_next_sibling("x")
 
               assert_equal "before", before.content
-              assert !before.parent.nil?, "unrelated node should not be affected"
+              refute_nil before.parent, "unrelated node should not be affected"
 
               assert_equal "after", after.content
-              assert !after.parent.nil?
+              refute_nil after.parent
             end
           end
         end
@@ -740,10 +799,26 @@ def coerce(data)
             insert_point = dest_doc.at_css("DirectoryRef[Id='InstallDir']")
             insert_point.children = stuff.children
 
-            assert_no_match(/default:/, insert_point.children.to_xml)
+            refute_match(/default:/, insert_point.children.to_xml)
             assert_match(/<Component>/, insert_point.children.to_xml)
           end
         end
+
+        describe "creating a cycle in the graph" do
+          it "raises an exception" do
+            doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root><a><b/></a></root>")
+            a = doc.at_css("a")
+            b = doc.at_css("b")
+            exception = assert_raises(RuntimeError) do
+              a.parent = b
+            end
+            if Nokogiri.jruby?
+              assert_match(/HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR/, exception.message)
+            else
+              assert_match(/cycle detected/, exception.message)
+            end
+          end
+        end
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_node_set.rb b/test/xml/test_node_set.rb
index be5cdc8eb0..4860338203 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_node_set.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_node_set.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -7,129 +8,130 @@ class TestNodeSet < Nokogiri::TestCase
       describe Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet do
         describe "namespaces" do
           let(:ns_xml) { Nokogiri.XML('<foo xmlns:n0="http://example.com" />') }
-          let(:ns_list) { ns_xml.xpath('//namespace::*') }
+          let(:ns_list) { ns_xml.xpath("//namespace::*") }
+          let(:new_ns) { ns_xml.root.add_namespace_definition("n1", "http://example.com/n1") }
 
           specify "#include?" do
-            assert(ns_list.include?(ns_list.first), 'list should have item')
+            assert_includes(ns_list, ns_list.first, "list should have item")
           end
 
           specify "#push" do
             expected_length = ns_list.length + 1
-            ns_list.push(ns_list.first)
-            assert(expected_length, ns_list.length)
+            ns_list.push(new_ns)
+            assert_equal(expected_length, ns_list.length)
           end
 
           specify "#delete" do
             expected_length = ns_list.length
-            ns_list.push(ns_list.first)
-            ns_list.delete(ns_list.first)
-            assert(expected_length, ns_list.length)
+            ns_list.push(new_ns)
+            ns_list.delete(new_ns)
+            assert_equal(expected_length, ns_list.length)
           end
 
           it "doesn't free namespace nodes when deleted" do
-            first = ns_list.first
-            ns_list.delete(first)
-            assert_equal('http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace', first.href)
+            ns = ns_list.find { |node| node.prefix == "n0" }
+            ns_list.delete(ns)
+            assert_equal("http://example.com", ns.href)
           end
         end
 
         let(:xml) { Nokogiri::XML(File.read(XML_FILE), XML_FILE) }
-        let(:list) { xml.css('employee') }
+        let(:list) { xml.css("employee") }
 
         describe "#filter" do
           it "finds all nodes that match the expression" do
-            list = xml.css('address').filter('*[domestic="Yes"]')
-            assert_equal(%w{Yes} * 4, list.map { |n| n['domestic'] })
+            list = xml.css("address").filter('*[domestic="Yes"]')
+            assert_equal(["Yes"] * 4, list.map { |n| n["domestic"] })
           end
         end
 
         specify "#remove_attr" do
-          list.each { |x| x['class'] = 'blah' }
-          assert_equal(list, list.remove_attr('class'))
-          list.each { |x| assert_nil(x['class']) }
+          list.each { |x| x["class"] = "blah" }
+          assert_equal(list, list.remove_attr("class"))
+          list.each { |x| assert_nil(x["class"]) }
         end
 
         specify "#remove_attribute" do
-          list.each { |x| x['class'] = 'blah' }
-          assert_equal(list, list.remove_attribute('class'))
-          list.each { |x| assert_nil(x['class']) }
+          list.each { |x| x["class"] = "blah" }
+          assert_equal(list, list.remove_attribute("class"))
+          list.each { |x| assert_nil(x["class"]) }
         end
 
         specify "#add_class" do
-          assert_equal(list, list.add_class('bar'))
-          list.each { |x| assert_equal('bar', x['class']) }
+          assert_equal(list, list.add_class("bar"))
+          list.each { |x| assert_equal("bar", x["class"]) }
 
-          list.add_class('bar')
-          list.each { |x| assert_equal('bar', x['class']) }
+          list.add_class("bar")
+          list.each { |x| assert_equal("bar", x["class"]) }
 
-          list.add_class('baz')
-          list.each { |x| assert_equal('bar baz', x['class']) }
+          list.add_class("baz")
+          list.each { |x| assert_equal("bar baz", x["class"]) }
         end
 
         specify "#append_class" do
-          assert_equal(list, list.append_class('bar'))
-          list.each { |x| assert_equal('bar', x['class']) }
+          assert_equal(list, list.append_class("bar"))
+          list.each { |x| assert_equal("bar", x["class"]) }
 
-          list.append_class('bar')
-          list.each { |x| assert_equal('bar bar', x['class']) }
+          list.append_class("bar")
+          list.each { |x| assert_equal("bar bar", x["class"]) }
 
-          list.append_class('baz')
-          list.each { |x| assert_equal('bar bar baz', x['class']) }
+          list.append_class("baz")
+          list.each { |x| assert_equal("bar bar baz", x["class"]) }
         end
 
         describe "#remove_class" do
           it "removes the attribute when no classes remain" do
-            assert_equal(list, list.remove_class('bar'))
-            list.each { |e| assert_nil(e['class']) }
+            assert_equal(list, list.remove_class("bar"))
+            list.each { |e| assert_nil(e["class"]) }
 
-            list.each { |e| e['class'] = '' }
-            assert_equal(list, list.remove_class('bar'))
-            list.each { |e| assert_nil(e['class']) }
+            list.each { |e| e["class"] = "" }
+            assert_equal(list, list.remove_class("bar"))
+            list.each { |e| assert_nil(e["class"]) }
           end
 
           it "leaves the remaining classes" do
-            list.each { |e| e['class'] = 'foo bar' }
+            list.each { |e| e["class"] = "foo bar" }
 
-            assert_equal(list, list.remove_class('bar'))
-            list.each { |e| assert_equal('foo', e['class']) }
+            assert_equal(list, list.remove_class("bar"))
+            list.each { |e| assert_equal("foo", e["class"]) }
           end
 
           it "removes the class attribute when passed no arguments" do
-            list.each { |e| e['class'] = 'foo' }
+            list.each { |e| e["class"] = "foo" }
 
             assert_equal(list, list.remove_class)
-            list.each { |e| assert_nil(e['class']) }
+            list.each { |e| assert_nil(e["class"]) }
           end
         end
 
         [:attribute, :attr, :set].each do |method|
           describe "##{method}" do
             it "sets the attribute value" do
-              list.each { |e| assert_nil(e['foo']) }
+              list.each { |e| assert_nil(e["foo"]) }
 
-              list.send(method, 'foo', 'bar')
-              list.each { |e| assert_equal('bar', e['foo']) }
+              list.send(method, "foo", "bar")
+              list.each { |e| assert_equal("bar", e["foo"]) }
             end
 
             it "sets the attribute value given a block" do
-              list.each { |e| assert_nil(e['foo']) }
+              list.each { |e| assert_nil(e["foo"]) }
 
               list.send(method, "foo") { |e| e.at_css("employeeId").text }
-              list.each { |e| assert_equal(e.at_css("employeeId").text, e['foo']) }
+              list.each { |e| assert_equal(e.at_css("employeeId").text, e["foo"]) }
             end
 
             it "sets the attribute value given a hash" do
-              list.each { |e| assert_nil(e['foo']) }
+              list.each { |e| assert_nil(e["foo"]) }
 
-              list.send(method, { 'foo' => 'bar' })
-              list.each { |e| assert_equal('bar', e['foo']) }
+              list.send(method, { "foo" => "bar" })
+              list.each { |e| assert_equal("bar", e["foo"]) }
             end
           end
         end
 
         it "#attribute with no args gets attribute from first node" do
-          list.first['foo'] = 'bar'
-          assert_equal(list.first.attribute('foo'), list.attribute('foo'))
+          list.first["foo"] = "bar"
+          assert_equal(list.first.attribute("foo"), list.attribute("foo"))
         end
 
         it "#attribute with no args on empty set" do
@@ -140,65 +142,67 @@ class TestNodeSet < Nokogiri::TestCase
         describe "searching" do
           it "an empty node set returns no results" do
             set = Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet.new(Nokogiri::XML::Document.new)
-            assert_equal(0, set.css('foo').length)
-            assert_equal(0, set.xpath('.//foo').length)
-            assert_equal(0, set.search('foo').length)
+            assert_equal(0, set.css("foo").length)
+            assert_equal(0, set.xpath(".//foo").length)
+            assert_equal(0, set.search("foo").length)
           end
 
           it "with multiple queries" do
-            xml = '<document>
-                 <thing>
-                   <div class="title">important thing</div>
-                 </thing>
-                 <thing>
-                   <div class="content">stuff</div>
-                 </thing>
-                 <thing>
-                   <p class="blah">more stuff</div>
-                 </thing>
-               </document>'
+            xml = <<~EOF
+              <document>
+                <thing>
+                  <div class="title">important thing</div>
+                </thing>
+                <thing>
+                  <div class="content">stuff</div>
+                </thing>
+                <thing>
+                  <p class="blah">more stuff</div>
+                </thing>
+              </document>
+            EOF
             set = Nokogiri::XML(xml).xpath(".//thing")
             assert_kind_of(Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet, set)
 
-            assert_equal(3, set.xpath('./div', './p').length)
-            assert_equal(3, set.css('.title', '.content', 'p').length)
-            assert_equal(3, set.search('./div', 'p.blah').length)
+            assert_equal(3, set.xpath("./div", "./p").length)
+            assert_equal(3, set.css(".title", ".content", "p").length)
+            assert_equal(3, set.search("./div", "p.blah").length)
           end
 
           it "with a custom selector" do
-            set = xml.xpath('//staff')
+            set = xml.xpath("//staff")
 
             [
-              [:xpath,  '//*[awesome(.)]'],
-              [:search, '//*[awesome(.)]'],
-              [:css,    '*:awesome'],
-              [:search, '*:awesome'],
+              [:xpath,  "//*[awesome(.)]"],
+              [:search, "//*[awesome(.)]"],
+              [:css,    "*:awesome"],
+              [:search, "*:awesome"],
             ].each do |method, query|
               callback_handler = Class.new do
                 def awesome(ns)
-                  ns.select { |n| n.name == 'employee' }
+                  ns.select { |n| n.name == "employee" }
                 end
               end.new
               custom_employees = set.send(method, query, callback_handler)
 
-              assert_equal(xml.xpath('//employee'), custom_employees,
-                           "using #{method} with custom selector '#{query}'")
+              assert_equal(xml.xpath("//employee"), custom_employees,
+                "using #{method} with custom selector '#{query}'")
             end
           end
 
           it "with variable bindings" do
-            set = xml.xpath('//staff')
+            set = xml.xpath("//staff")
 
-            assert_equal(4, set.xpath('//address[@domestic=$value]', nil, value: 'Yes').length,
-                         "using #xpath with variable binding")
+            assert_equal(4, set.xpath("//address[@domestic=$value]", nil, value: "Yes").length,
+              "using #xpath with variable binding")
 
-            assert_equal(4, set.search('//address[@domestic=$value]', nil, value: 'Yes').length,
-                         "using #search with variable binding")
+            assert_equal(4, set.search("//address[@domestic=$value]", nil, value: "Yes").length,
+              "using #search with variable binding")
           end
 
           it "context search returns itself" do
-            set = xml.xpath('//staff')
-            assert_equal(set.to_a, set.search('.').to_a)
+            set = xml.xpath("//staff")
+            assert_equal(set.to_a, set.search(".").to_a)
           end
 
           it "css searches match self" do
@@ -215,7 +219,7 @@ def awesome(ns)
               <body></body>
               </html>
             eoxml
-            assert(fragment.children.search('body', { 'xmlns' => 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml' }))
+            assert(fragment.children.search("body", { "xmlns" => "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" }))
           end
 
           it "xmlns is automatically registered" do
@@ -226,15 +230,15 @@ def awesome(ns)
                 </foo>
               </root>
             eoxml
-            set = doc.css('foo')
-            assert_equal(1, set.css('xmlns|bar').length)
-            assert_equal(0, set.css('|bar').length)
-            assert_equal(1, set.xpath('//xmlns:bar').length)
-            assert_equal(1, set.search('xmlns|bar').length)
-            assert_equal(1, set.search('//xmlns:bar').length)
-            assert(set.at('//xmlns:bar'))
-            assert(set.at('xmlns|bar'))
-            assert(set.at('bar'))
+            set = doc.css("foo")
+            assert_equal(1, set.css("xmlns|bar").length)
+            assert_equal(0, set.css("|bar").length)
+            assert_equal(1, set.xpath("//xmlns:bar").length)
+            assert_equal(1, set.search("xmlns|bar").length)
+            assert_equal(1, set.search("//xmlns:bar").length)
+            assert(set.at("//xmlns:bar"))
+            assert(set.at("xmlns|bar"))
+            assert(set.at("bar"))
           end
 
           it "#search accepts a namespace" do
@@ -248,50 +252,50 @@ def awesome(ns)
                 </bicycle>
               </root>
             eoxml
-            set = xml / 'root'
+            set = xml / "root"
             assert_equal(1, set.length)
-            bike_tire = set.search('//bike:tire', 'bike' => "http://schwinn.com/")
+            bike_tire = set.search("//bike:tire", "bike" => "http://schwinn.com/")
             assert_equal(1, bike_tire.length)
           end
 
           specify "#search" do
-            assert(node_set = xml.search('//employee'))
-            assert(sub_set = node_set.search('.//name'))
+            assert(node_set = xml.search("//employee"))
+            assert(sub_set = node_set.search(".//name"))
             assert_equal(node_set.length, sub_set.length)
           end
 
           it "returns an empty node set when no results were found" do
-            assert(node_set = xml.search('//asdkfjhasdlkfjhaldskfh'))
+            assert(node_set = xml.search("//asdkfjhasdlkfjhaldskfh"))
             assert_equal(0, node_set.length)
           end
         end
 
         describe "#==" do
           it "checks for equality of contents" do
-            assert(node_set_one = xml.xpath('//employee'))
-            assert(node_set_two = xml.xpath('//employee'))
+            assert(node_set_one = xml.xpath("//employee"))
+            assert(node_set_two = xml.xpath("//employee"))
 
             refute_equal(node_set_one.object_id, node_set_two.object_id)
             refute_same(node_set_one, node_set_two)
 
-            assert(node_set_one == node_set_two)
+            assert_equal(node_set_one, node_set_two)
           end
 
           it "handles comparison to a string" do
-            node_set_one = xml.xpath('//employee')
+            node_set_one = xml.xpath("//employee")
             refute(node_set_one == "asdfadsf")
           end
 
           it "returns false if same elements are out of order" do
-            one = xml.xpath('//employee')
-            two = xml.xpath('//employee')
+            one = xml.xpath("//employee")
+            two = xml.xpath("//employee")
             two.push(two.shift)
-            assert_not_equal(one, two)
+            refute_equal(one, two)
           end
 
           it "returns false if one is a subset of the other" do
-            node_set_one = xml.xpath('//employee')
-            node_set_two = xml.xpath('//employee')
+            node_set_one = xml.xpath("//employee")
+            node_set_two = xml.xpath("//employee")
             node_set_two.delete(node_set_two.first)
 
             refute(node_set_one == node_set_two)
@@ -301,7 +305,7 @@ def awesome(ns)
 
         describe "#pop" do
           it "returns the last element and mutates the set" do
-            set = xml.xpath('//employee')
+            set = xml.xpath("//employee")
             last = set.last
             assert_equal(last, set.pop)
           end
@@ -314,7 +318,7 @@ def awesome(ns)
 
         describe "#shift" do
           it "returns the first element and mutates the set" do
-            set = xml.xpath('//employee')
+            set = xml.xpath("//employee")
             first = set.first
             assert_equal(first, set.shift)
           end
@@ -327,18 +331,18 @@ def awesome(ns)
 
         describe "#first" do
           it "returns the first node" do
-            node_set = xml.xpath('//employee')
-            node = xml.at_xpath('//employee')
+            node_set = xml.xpath("//employee")
+            node = xml.at_xpath("//employee")
             assert_equal(node, node_set.first)
           end
 
           it "returns the first n nodes" do
-            assert(node_set = xml.xpath('//employee'))
+            assert(node_set = xml.xpath("//employee"))
             assert_equal(2, node_set.first(2).length)
           end
 
           it "returns all the nodes if arguments are longer than the set" do
-            assert(node_set = xml.xpath('//employee[position() < 3]'))
+            assert(node_set = xml.xpath("//employee[position() < 3]"))
             assert_equal(2, node_set.length)
             assert_equal(2, node_set.first(5).length)
           end
@@ -346,7 +350,7 @@ def awesome(ns)
 
         [:dup, :clone].each do |method_name|
           specify "##{method_name}" do
-            assert node_set = xml.xpath('//employee')
+            assert node_set = xml.xpath("//employee")
             duplicate = node_set.send(method_name)
             assert_equal node_set.length, duplicate.length
             node_set.zip(duplicate).each do |a, b|
@@ -367,12 +371,12 @@ def awesome(ns)
         end
 
         it "length and size are aliases" do
-          assert(node_set = xml.search('//employee'))
+          assert(node_set = xml.search("//employee"))
           assert_equal(node_set.length, node_set.size)
         end
 
         it "to_xml" do
-          assert(node_set = xml.search('//employee'))
+          assert(node_set = xml.search("//employee"))
           assert(node_set.to_xml)
         end
 
@@ -389,59 +393,79 @@ def awesome(ns)
               </body>
             </html>
           eohtml
-          assert(html = doc.css('div').inner_html)
-          assert_match('<a>one</a>', html)
-          assert_match('<a>two</a>', html)
+          assert(html = doc.css("div").inner_html)
+          assert_match("<a>one</a>", html)
+          assert_match("<a>two</a>", html)
         end
 
-        it "gt_string_arg" do
-          assert(node_set = xml.search('//employee'))
-          assert_equal(node_set.xpath('./employeeId'), (node_set > 'employeeId'))
+        it "searches direct children of nodes with :>" do
+          xml = <<~XML
+            <root>
+              <wrap>
+                <div class="section header" id="1">
+                  <div class="subsection header">sub 1</div>
+                  <div class="subsection header">sub 2</div>
+                </div>
+              </wrap>
+              <wrap>
+                <div class="section header" id="2">
+                  <div class="subsection header">sub 3</div>
+                  <div class="subsection header">sub 4</div>
+                </div>
+              </wrap>
+            </root>
+          XML
+          node_set = Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse(xml).xpath("/root/wrap")
+          result = (node_set > "div.header")
+          assert_equal(2, result.length)
+          assert_equal(["1", "2"], result.map { |n| n["id"] })
+
+          assert_empty(node_set > ".no-such-match")
         end
 
         it "at_performs_a_search_with_css" do
-          assert(node_set = xml.search('//employee'))
-          assert_equal(node_set.first.first_element_child, node_set.at('employeeId'))
-          assert_equal(node_set.first.first_element_child, node_set.%('employeeId'))
+          assert(node_set = xml.search("//employee"))
+          assert_equal(node_set.first.first_element_child, node_set.at("employeeId"))
+          assert_equal(node_set.first.first_element_child, node_set.%("employeeId"))
         end
 
         it "at_performs_a_search_with_xpath" do
-          assert(node_set = xml.search('//employee'))
-          assert_equal(node_set.first.first_element_child, node_set.at('./employeeId'))
-          assert_equal(node_set.first.first_element_child, node_set.%('./employeeId'))
+          assert(node_set = xml.search("//employee"))
+          assert_equal(node_set.first.first_element_child, node_set.at("./employeeId"))
+          assert_equal(node_set.first.first_element_child, node_set.%("./employeeId"))
         end
 
         it "at_with_integer_index" do
-          assert(node_set = xml.search('//employee'))
+          assert(node_set = xml.search("//employee"))
           assert_equal(node_set.first, node_set.at(0))
           assert_equal(node_set.first, node_set % 0)
         end
 
         it "at_xpath" do
-          assert(node_set = xml.search('//employee'))
-          assert_equal(node_set.first.first_element_child, node_set.at_xpath('./employeeId'))
+          assert(node_set = xml.search("//employee"))
+          assert_equal(node_set.first.first_element_child, node_set.at_xpath("./employeeId"))
         end
 
         it "at_css" do
-          assert(node_set = xml.search('//employee'))
-          assert_equal(node_set.first.first_element_child, node_set.at_css('employeeId'))
+          assert(node_set = xml.search("//employee"))
+          assert_equal(node_set.first.first_element_child, node_set.at_css("employeeId"))
         end
 
         it "to_ary" do
-          assert(node_set = xml.search('//employee'))
+          assert(node_set = xml.search("//employee"))
           foo = []
           foo += node_set
           assert_equal(node_set.length, foo.length)
         end
 
         specify "#push" do
-          node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new('foo', xml)
-          node.content = 'bar'
+          node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("foo", xml)
+          node.content = "bar"
 
-          assert(node_set = xml.search('//employee'))
+          assert(node_set = xml.search("//employee"))
           node_set.push(node)
 
-          assert(node_set.include?(node))
+          assert_includes(node_set, node)
         end
 
         describe "#delete" do
@@ -455,19 +479,19 @@ def awesome(ns)
           it "deletes the element when present and returns the deleted element" do
             employees = xml.search("//employee")
             wally = employees.first
-            assert(employees.include?(wally)) # testing setup
+            assert_includes(employees, wally) # testing setup
             length = employees.length
 
             result = employees.delete(wally)
             assert_equal(result, wally)
-            refute(employees.include?(wally))
+            refute_includes(employees, wally)
             assert_equal(length - 1, employees.length)
           end
 
           it "does nothing and returns nil when not present" do
             employees = xml.search("//employee")
             phb = xml.search("//position").first
-            assert(!employees.include?(phb)) # testing setup
+            refute_includes(employees, phb) # testing setup
             length = employees.length
 
             result = employees.delete(phb)
@@ -494,21 +518,21 @@ def awesome(ns)
               <a class='bazbar'>Awesome</a>
             </root>
           eoxml
-          set = xml.xpath('//a')
+          set = xml.xpath("//a")
           set.unlink
           set.each do |node|
-            assert(!node.parent)
+            refute(node.parent)
             # assert !node.document
-            assert(!node.previous_sibling)
-            assert(!node.next_sibling)
+            refute(node.previous_sibling)
+            refute(node.next_sibling)
           end
-          assert_no_match(/Hello world/, xml.to_s)
+          refute_match(/Hello world/, xml.to_s)
         end
 
         it "new_nodeset" do
           node_set = Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet.new(xml)
           assert_equal(0, node_set.length)
-          node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new('form', xml)
+          node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("form", xml)
           node_set << node
           assert_equal(1, node_set.length)
           assert_equal(node, node_set.last)
@@ -517,12 +541,12 @@ def awesome(ns)
         describe "#wrap" do
           it "wraps each node within a reified copy of the tag passed" do
             employees = (xml / "//employee").wrap("<wrapper/>")
-            assert_equal('wrapper', employees[0].parent.name)
-            assert_equal('employee', xml.search("//wrapper").first.children[0].name)
+            assert_equal("wrapper", employees[0].parent.name)
+            assert_equal("employee", xml.search("//wrapper").first.children[0].name)
           end
 
           it "handles various node types and handles recursive reparenting" do
-            xml = '<root><foo>contents</foo></root>'
+            xml = "<root><foo>contents</foo></root>"
             doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml)
             nodes = doc.at_css("root").xpath(".//* | .//*/text()") # foo and "contents"
             nodes.wrap("<wrapper/>")
@@ -530,7 +554,7 @@ def awesome(ns)
             assert_equal("root", wrappers.first.parent.name)
             assert_equal("foo", wrappers.first.children.first.name)
             assert_equal("foo", wrappers.last.parent.name)
-            assert(wrappers.last.children.first.text?)
+            assert_predicate(wrappers.last.children.first, :text?)
             assert_equal("contents", wrappers.last.children.first.text)
           end
 
@@ -543,16 +567,16 @@ def awesome(ns)
             EOXML
             employees = frag.xpath(".//employee")
             employees.wrap("<wrapper/>")
-            assert_equal('wrapper', employees[0].parent.name)
-            assert_equal('employee', frag.at(".//wrapper").children.first.name)
+            assert_equal("wrapper", employees[0].parent.name)
+            assert_equal("employee", frag.at(".//wrapper").children.first.name)
           end
 
           it "preserves document structure" do
             assert_equal("employeeId",
-                         xml.at_xpath("//employee").children.detect { |j| !j.text? }.name)
+              xml.at_xpath("//employee").children.detect { |j| !j.text? }.name)
             xml.xpath("//employeeId[text()='EMP0001']").wrap("<wrapper/>")
             assert_equal("wrapper",
-                         xml.at_xpath("//employee").children.detect { |j| !j.text? }.name)
+              xml.at_xpath("//employee").children.detect { |j| !j.text? }.name)
           end
         end
 
@@ -612,12 +636,12 @@ def awesome(ns)
 
         describe "#[]" do
           it "negative_index_works" do
-            assert(node_set = xml.search('//employee'))
+            assert(node_set = xml.search("//employee"))
             assert_equal(node_set.last, node_set[-1])
           end
 
           it "large_negative_index_returns_nil" do
-            assert(node_set = xml.search('//employee'))
+            assert(node_set = xml.search("//employee"))
             assert_nil(node_set[-1 * (node_set.length + 1)])
           end
 
@@ -674,7 +698,7 @@ def awesome(ns)
             employees = xml.search("//employee")
             assert_nil(employees[99, 1]) # large start
             assert_nil(employees[1, -1]) # negative len
-            assert_equal([], employees[1, 0].to_a) # zero len
+            assert_empty(employees[1, 0].to_a) # zero len
           end
 
           it "array_slice_with_range" do
@@ -714,32 +738,25 @@ def awesome(ns)
             yes = employees.first
             no = xml.search("//position").first
 
-            assert(employees.include?(yes))
-            refute(employees.include?(no))
+            assert_includes(employees, yes)
+            refute_includes(employees, no)
           end
 
           it "returns false on empty set" do
             empty_set = Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet.new(xml, [])
             employee  = xml.at_xpath("//employee")
-            refute(empty_set.include?(employee))
+            refute_includes(empty_set, employee)
           end
         end
 
         describe "#each" do
           it "supports break" do
-            assert_equal(7, xml.root.elements.each { |x| break 7 })
+            assert_equal(7, xml.root.elements.each { |_x| break 7 })
           end
 
           it "returns an enumerator given no block" do
-            if i_am_ruby_matching("~> 2.5.0") && i_am_in_a_systemd_container
-              # Ruby 2.5 Enumerators cause a segfault in systemd containers. Yes, really!
-              #
-              #   https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14883
-              #
-              # So let's skip this test if we think that's where we are.
-              skip("cannot use Ruby 2.5 Enumerator#each in a systemd container")
-            end
             skip("enumerators confuse valgrind") if i_am_running_in_valgrind
+            skip("enumerators confuse ASan") if i_am_running_with_asan
 
             employees = xml.search("//employee")
             enum = employees.each
@@ -769,8 +786,8 @@ def awesome(ns)
           employees = xml.search("//employee")
           inspected = employees.inspect
 
-          assert_equal("[#{employees.map(&:inspect).join(', ')}]",
-                       inspected)
+          assert_equal("[#{employees.map(&:inspect).join(", ")}]",
+            inspected)
         end
 
         it "should_not_splode_when_accessing_namespace_declarations_in_a_node_set" do
@@ -830,7 +847,7 @@ def awesome!; end
           node_set = xml.css("address")
           new_set  = node_set.dup
           assert_equal(node_set.document, new_set.document)
-          assert(new_set.respond_to?(:awesome!))
+          assert_respond_to(new_set, :awesome!)
         end
 
         it "node_set_union_result_has_document_and_is_decorated" do
@@ -842,7 +859,7 @@ def awesome!; end
           node_set2 = xml.css("address")
           new_set = node_set1 | node_set2
           assert_equal(node_set1.document, new_set.document)
-          assert(new_set.respond_to?(:awesome!))
+          assert_respond_to(new_set, :awesome!)
         end
 
         it "node_set_intersection_result_has_document_and_is_decorated" do
@@ -854,7 +871,7 @@ def awesome!; end
           node_set2 = xml.css("address")
           new_set = node_set1 & node_set2
           assert_equal(node_set1.document, new_set.document)
-          assert(new_set.respond_to?(:awesome!))
+          assert_respond_to(new_set, :awesome!)
         end
 
         it "node_set_difference_result_has_document_and_is_decorated" do
@@ -866,7 +883,7 @@ def awesome!; end
           node_set2 = xml.css("address")
           new_set = node_set1 - node_set2
           assert_equal(node_set1.document, new_set.document)
-          assert(new_set.respond_to?(:awesome!))
+          assert_respond_to(new_set, :awesome!)
         end
 
         it "node_set_slice_result_has_document_and_is_decorated" do
@@ -877,7 +894,7 @@ def awesome!; end
           node_set = xml.css("address")
           new_set  = node_set[0..-1]
           assert_equal(node_set.document, new_set.document)
-          assert(new_set.respond_to?(:awesome!))
+          assert_respond_to(new_set, :awesome!)
         end
 
         describe "adding nodes from different documents to the same NodeSet" do
diff --git a/test/xml/test_parse_options.rb b/test/xml/test_parse_options.rb
index 988e895292..9acb06a39f 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_parse_options.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_parse_options.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -5,16 +7,17 @@ module XML
     class TestParseOptions < Nokogiri::TestCase
       def test_new
         options = Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new
-        assert_equal 0, options.options
+        assert_equal(0, options.options)
       end
 
       def test_to_i
         options = Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new
-        assert_equal 0, options.to_i
+        assert_equal(0, options.to_i)
       end
 
       ParseOptions.constants.each do |constant|
-        next if constant == 'STRICT'
+        next if constant == "STRICT"
+
         class_eval %{
           def test_predicate_#{constant.downcase}
             options = ParseOptions.new(ParseOptions::#{constant})
@@ -27,30 +30,30 @@ def test_predicate_#{constant.downcase}
 
       def test_strict_noent
         options = ParseOptions.new.recover.noent
-        assert !options.strict?
+        refute_predicate(options, :strict?)
       end
 
       def test_new_with_argument
-        options = Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new 1 << 1
-        assert_equal 1 << 1, options.options
+        options = Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new(1 << 1)
+        assert_equal(1 << 1, options.options)
       end
 
       def test_unsetting
-        options = Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_HTML
-        assert options.nonet?
-        assert options.recover?
+        options = Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_HTML)
+        assert_predicate(options, :nonet?)
+        assert_predicate(options, :recover?)
         options.nononet.norecover
-        assert ! options.nonet?
-        assert ! options.recover?
+        refute_predicate(options, :nonet?)
+        refute_predicate(options, :recover?)
         options.nonet.recover
-        assert options.nonet?
-        assert options.recover?
+        assert_predicate(options, :nonet?)
+        assert_predicate(options, :recover?)
       end
 
       def test_chaining
         options = Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover.noent
-        assert options.recover?
-        assert options.noent?
+        assert_predicate(options, :recover?)
+        assert_predicate(options, :noent?)
       end
 
       def test_inspect
@@ -63,7 +66,7 @@ def test_inspect
       def test_equality
         options = Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover.noent
         other = Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover.noent
-        assert(options == other)
+        assert_equal(options, other)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_processing_instruction.rb b/test/xml/test_processing_instruction.rb
index 593745ef73..b7c9cb1228 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_processing_instruction.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_processing_instruction.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -13,17 +15,17 @@ def test_type
       end
 
       def test_name
-        assert_equal 'TEST-STYLE', @xml.children[0].name
+        assert_equal("TEST-STYLE", @xml.children[0].name)
       end
 
       def test_new
-        assert ref = ProcessingInstruction.new(@xml, 'name', 'content')
-        assert_instance_of ProcessingInstruction, ref
+        assert(ref = ProcessingInstruction.new(@xml, "name", "content"))
+        assert_instance_of(ProcessingInstruction, ref)
       end
 
       def test_many_new
-        100.times { ProcessingInstruction.new(@xml, 'foo', 'bar') }
-        @xml.root << ProcessingInstruction.new(@xml, 'foo', 'bar')
+        100.times { ProcessingInstruction.new(@xml, "foo", "bar") }
+        @xml.root << ProcessingInstruction.new(@xml, "foo", "bar")
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_reader.rb b/test/xml/test_reader.rb
index 0fefc36af5..ab119656c7 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_reader.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_reader.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -13,13 +15,13 @@ def read(size)
       def test_io_non_string
         io = NonStringIO.new
         reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(io)
-        assert_equal io, reader.source
+        assert_equal(io, reader.source)
       end
 
       def test_from_io_sets_io_as_source
-        io = File.open SNUGGLES_FILE
+        io = File.open(SNUGGLES_FILE)
         reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader.from_io(io)
-        assert_equal io, reader.source
+        assert_equal(io, reader.source)
       end
 
       def test_empty_element?
@@ -32,7 +34,7 @@ def test_empty_element?
             node.empty_element?
           end
         end
-        assert_equal [false, false, nil, nil, true, nil], results
+        assert_equal([false, false, nil, nil, true, nil], results)
       end
 
       def test_self_closing?
@@ -45,16 +47,16 @@ def test_self_closing?
             node.self_closing?
           end
         end
-        assert_equal [false, false, nil, nil, true, nil], results
+        assert_equal([false, false, nil, nil, true, nil], results)
       end
 
       # Issue #831
       # Make sure that the reader doesn't block reading the entire input
       def test_reader_blocking
-        rd, wr = IO.pipe()
+        rd, wr = IO.pipe
         node_out = nil
         t = Thread.start do
-          reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(rd, 'UTF-8')
+          reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(rd, "UTF-8")
           reader.each do |node|
             node_out = node
             break
@@ -66,12 +68,12 @@ def test_reader_blocking
           wr.puts "<foo>"
           wr.puts "<bar/>" * 10000
           wr.flush
-        rescue Errno::EPIPE
+        rescue Errno::EPIPE # rubocop:disable Lint/SuppressedException
         end
         res = t.join(1) # give the thread a moment to finish
         wr.close
-        refute_nil node_out, "Didn't read any nodes, exclude the trivial case"
-        refute_nil res, "Reader blocks trying to read the entire stream"
+        refute_nil(node_out, "Didn't read any nodes, exclude the trivial case")
+        refute_nil(res, "Reader blocks trying to read the entire stream")
       end
 
       def test_reader_takes_block
@@ -80,34 +82,34 @@ def test_reader_takes_block
           options = cfg
           options.nonet.nowarning.dtdattr
         end
-        assert options.nonet?
-        assert options.nowarning?
-        assert options.dtdattr?
+        assert_predicate(options, :nonet?)
+        assert_predicate(options, :nowarning?)
+        assert_predicate(options, :dtdattr?)
       end
 
       def test_nil_raises
-        assert_raises(ArgumentError) {
+        assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
           Nokogiri::XML::Reader.from_memory(nil)
-        }
-        assert_raises(ArgumentError) {
+        end
+        assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
           Nokogiri::XML::Reader.from_io(nil)
-        }
+        end
       end
 
       def test_from_io
-        io = File.open SNUGGLES_FILE
+        io = File.open(SNUGGLES_FILE)
         reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader.from_io(io)
-        assert_equal false, reader.default?
-        assert_equal [false, false, false, false, false, false, false],
-          reader.map(&:default?)
+        refute_predicate(reader, :default?)
+        assert_equal([false, false, false, false, false, false, false],
+          reader.map(&:default?))
       end
 
       def test_io
-        io = File.open SNUGGLES_FILE
+        io = File.open(SNUGGLES_FILE)
         reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(io)
-        assert_equal false, reader.default?
-        assert_equal [false, false, false, false, false, false, false],
-          reader.map(&:default?)
+        refute_predicate(reader, :default?)
+        assert_equal([false, false, false, false, false, false, false],
+          reader.map(&:default?))
       end
 
       def test_string_io
@@ -117,35 +119,34 @@ def test_string_io
         </x>
         eoxml
         reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(io)
-        assert_equal false, reader.default?
-        assert_equal [false, false, false, false, false, false, false],
-          reader.map(&:default?)
+        refute_predicate(reader, :default?)
+        assert_equal([false, false, false, false, false, false, false],
+          reader.map(&:default?))
       end
 
       class ReallyBadIO
         def read(size)
-          'a' * size ** 10
+          "a" * size**10
         end
       end
 
       class ReallyBadIO4Java
-        def read(size=1)
-          'a' * size ** 10
+        def read(size = 1)
+          "a" * size**10
         end
       end
 
       def test_io_that_reads_too_much
-        if Nokogiri.jruby?
-          io = ReallyBadIO4Java.new
-          Nokogiri::XML::Reader(io)
+        io = if Nokogiri.jruby?
+          ReallyBadIO4Java.new
         else
-          io = ReallyBadIO.new
-          Nokogiri::XML::Reader(io)
+          ReallyBadIO.new
         end
+        Nokogiri::XML::Reader(io)
       end
 
       def test_in_memory
-        assert Nokogiri::XML::Reader(<<-eoxml)
+        assert(Nokogiri::XML::Reader(<<-eoxml))
         <x xmlns:tenderlove='http://tenderlovemaking.com/'>
           <tenderlove:foo awesome='true'>snuggles!</tenderlove:foo>
         </x>
@@ -159,7 +160,7 @@ def test_reader_holds_on_to_string
         </x>
         eoxml
         reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(xml)
-        assert_equal xml, reader.source
+        assert_equal(xml, reader.source)
       end
 
       def test_default?
@@ -168,9 +169,9 @@ def test_default?
           <tenderlove:foo awesome='true'>snuggles!</tenderlove:foo>
         </x>
         eoxml
-        assert_equal false, reader.default?
-        assert_equal [false, false, false, false, false, false, false],
-          reader.map(&:default?)
+        refute_predicate(reader, :default?)
+        assert_equal([false, false, false, false, false, false, false],
+          reader.map(&:default?))
       end
 
       def test_value?
@@ -179,9 +180,9 @@ def test_value?
           <tenderlove:foo awesome='true'>snuggles!</tenderlove:foo>
         </x>
         eoxml
-        assert_equal false, reader.value?
-        assert_equal [false, true, false, true, false, true, false],
-          reader.map(&:value?)
+        refute_predicate(reader, :value?)
+        assert_equal([false, true, false, true, false, true, false],
+          reader.map(&:value?))
       end
 
       def test_read_error_document
@@ -194,26 +195,26 @@ def test_read_error_document
         assert_raises(Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError) do
           reader.each { |node| }
         end
-        assert 1, reader.errors.length
+        assert_equal(1, reader.errors.length)
       end
 
       def test_errors_is_an_array
-        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(StringIO.new('&bogus;'))
-        assert_raises(SyntaxError) {
+        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(StringIO.new("&bogus;"))
+        assert_raises(SyntaxError) do
           reader.read
-        }
-        assert_equal [SyntaxError], reader.errors.map(&:class)
+        end
+        assert_equal([SyntaxError], reader.errors.map(&:class))
       end
 
       def test_pushing_to_non_array_raises_TypeError
         skip_unless_libxml2("TODO: JRuby ext does not internally call `errors`")
-        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(StringIO.new('&bogus;'))
+        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(StringIO.new("&bogus;"))
         def reader.errors
           1
         end
-        assert_raises(TypeError) {
+        assert_raises(TypeError) do
           reader.read
-        }
+        end
       end
 
       def test_attributes?
@@ -222,26 +223,64 @@ def test_attributes?
           <tenderlove:foo awesome='true'>snuggles!</tenderlove:foo>
         </x>
         eoxml
-        assert_equal false, reader.attributes?
-        assert_equal [true, false, true, false, true, false, true],
-          reader.map(&:attributes?)
+        refute_predicate(reader, :attributes?)
+        assert_equal([true, false, true, false, true, false, true],
+          reader.map(&:attributes?))
       end
 
-      def test_attributes
-        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader.from_memory(<<-eoxml)
-        <x xmlns:tenderlove='http://tenderlovemaking.com/'
-           xmlns='http://mothership.connection.com/'
-           >
-          <tenderlove:foo awesome='true'>snuggles!</tenderlove:foo>
-        </x>
-        eoxml
-        assert_equal({}, reader.attributes)
-        assert_equal [{'xmlns:tenderlove'=>'http://tenderlovemaking.com/',
-                       'xmlns'=>'http://mothership.connection.com/'},
-                      {}, {"awesome"=>"true"}, {}, {"awesome"=>"true"}, {},
-                      {'xmlns:tenderlove'=>'http://tenderlovemaking.com/',
-                       'xmlns'=>'http://mothership.connection.com/'}],
-          reader.map(&:attributes)
+      def test_reader_attributes
+        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader.from_memory(<<~XML)
+          <x xmlns:tenderlove='http://tenderlovemaking.com/' xmlns='http://mothership.connection.com/'>
+            <tenderlove:foo awesome='true'>snuggles!</tenderlove:foo>
+          </x>
+        XML
+        assert_empty(reader.attributes)
+        assert_equal([{ "xmlns:tenderlove" => "http://tenderlovemaking.com/",
+                        "xmlns" => "http://mothership.connection.com/", },
+                      {},
+                      { "awesome" => "true" },
+                      {},
+                      { "awesome" => "true" },
+                      {},
+                      { "xmlns:tenderlove" => "http://tenderlovemaking.com/",
+                        "xmlns" => "http://mothership.connection.com/", },],
+          reader.map(&:attributes))
+      end
+
+      def test_reader_attributes_hash
+        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader.from_memory(<<~XML)
+          <x xmlns:tenderlove='http://tenderlovemaking.com/' xmlns='http://mothership.connection.com/'>
+            <tenderlove:foo awesome='true'>snuggles!</tenderlove:foo>
+          </x>
+        XML
+        assert_empty(reader.attribute_hash)
+        assert_equal([{},
+                      {},
+                      { "awesome" => "true" },
+                      {},
+                      { "awesome" => "true" },
+                      {},
+                      {},],
+          reader.map(&:attribute_hash))
+      end
+
+      def test_reader_namespaces
+        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader.from_memory(<<~XML)
+          <x xmlns:tenderlove='http://tenderlovemaking.com/' xmlns='http://mothership.connection.com/'>
+            <tenderlove:foo awesome='true'>snuggles!</tenderlove:foo>
+          </x>
+        XML
+        assert_empty(reader.namespaces)
+        assert_equal([{ "xmlns:tenderlove" => "http://tenderlovemaking.com/",
+                        "xmlns" => "http://mothership.connection.com/", },
+                      {},
+                      {},
+                      {},
+                      {},
+                      {},
+                      { "xmlns:tenderlove" => "http://tenderlovemaking.com/",
+                        "xmlns" => "http://mothership.connection.com/", },],
+          reader.map(&:namespaces))
       end
 
       def test_attribute_roundtrip
@@ -254,7 +293,7 @@ def test_attribute_roundtrip
         eoxml
         reader.each do |node|
           node.attributes.each do |key, value|
-            assert_equal value, node.attribute(key)
+            assert_equal(value, node.attribute(key))
           end
         end
       end
@@ -265,10 +304,10 @@ def test_attribute_at
           <tenderlove:foo awesome='true'>snuggles!</tenderlove:foo>
         </x>
         eoxml
-        assert_nil reader.attribute_at(nil)
-        assert_nil reader.attribute_at(0)
-        assert_equal ['http://tenderlovemaking.com/', nil, 'true', nil, 'true', nil, 'http://tenderlovemaking.com/'],
-          reader.map { |x| x.attribute_at(0) }
+        assert_nil(reader.attribute_at(nil))
+        assert_nil(reader.attribute_at(0))
+        assert_equal(["http://tenderlovemaking.com/", nil, "true", nil, "true", nil, "http://tenderlovemaking.com/"],
+          reader.map { |x| x.attribute_at(0) })
       end
 
       def test_attribute
@@ -277,10 +316,10 @@ def test_attribute
           <tenderlove:foo awesome='true'>snuggles!</tenderlove:foo>
         </x>
         eoxml
-        assert_nil reader.attribute(nil)
-        assert_nil reader.attribute('awesome')
-        assert_equal [nil, nil, 'true', nil, 'true', nil, nil],
-          reader.map { |x| x.attribute('awesome') }
+        assert_nil(reader.attribute(nil))
+        assert_nil(reader.attribute("awesome"))
+        assert_equal([nil, nil, "true", nil, "true", nil, nil],
+          reader.map { |x| x.attribute("awesome") })
       end
 
       def test_attribute_length
@@ -289,8 +328,8 @@ def test_attribute_length
           <tenderlove:foo awesome='true'>snuggles!</tenderlove:foo>
         </x>
         eoxml
-        assert_equal 0, reader.attribute_count
-        assert_equal [1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0], reader.map(&:attribute_count)
+        assert_equal(0, reader.attribute_count)
+        assert_equal([1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0], reader.map(&:attribute_count))
       end
 
       def test_depth
@@ -299,8 +338,8 @@ def test_depth
           <tenderlove:foo>snuggles!</tenderlove:foo>
         </x>
         eoxml
-        assert_equal 0, reader.depth
-        assert_equal [0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 0], reader.map(&:depth)
+        assert_equal(0, reader.depth)
+        assert_equal([0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 0], reader.map(&:depth))
       end
 
       def test_encoding
@@ -310,8 +349,8 @@ def test_encoding
           <p xml:lang="ja">日本語が上手です</p>
         </awesome>
         eoxml
-        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader.from_memory(string, nil, 'UTF-8')
-        assert_equal ['UTF-8'], reader.map(&:encoding).uniq
+        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader.from_memory(string, nil, "UTF-8")
+        assert_equal(["UTF-8"], reader.map(&:encoding).uniq)
       end
 
       def test_xml_version
@@ -320,8 +359,8 @@ def test_xml_version
           <tenderlove:foo>snuggles!</tenderlove:foo>
         </x>
         eoxml
-        assert_nil reader.xml_version
-        assert_equal ['1.0'], reader.map(&:xml_version).uniq
+        assert_nil(reader.xml_version)
+        assert_equal(["1.0"], reader.map(&:xml_version).uniq)
       end
 
       def test_lang
@@ -331,9 +370,9 @@ def test_lang
           <p xml:lang="ja">日本語が上手です</p>
         </awesome>
         eoxml
-        assert_nil reader.lang
-        assert_equal [nil, nil, "en", "en", "en", nil, "ja", "ja", "ja", nil, nil],
-          reader.map(&:lang)
+        assert_nil(reader.lang)
+        assert_equal([nil, nil, "en", "en", "en", nil, "ja", "ja", "ja", nil, nil],
+          reader.map(&:lang))
       end
 
       def test_value
@@ -342,9 +381,9 @@ def test_value
           <tenderlove:foo>snuggles!</tenderlove:foo>
         </x>
         eoxml
-        assert_nil reader.value
-        assert_equal [nil, "\n          ", nil, "snuggles!", nil, "\n        ", nil],
-          reader.map(&:value)
+        assert_nil(reader.value)
+        assert_equal([nil, "\n          ", nil, "snuggles!", nil, "\n        ", nil],
+          reader.map(&:value))
       end
 
       def test_prefix
@@ -353,9 +392,9 @@ def test_prefix
           <edi:foo>hello</edi:foo>
         </x>
         eoxml
-        assert_nil reader.prefix
-        assert_equal [nil, nil, "edi", nil, "edi", nil, nil],
-          reader.map(&:prefix)
+        assert_nil(reader.prefix)
+        assert_equal([nil, nil, "edi", nil, "edi", nil, nil],
+          reader.map(&:prefix))
       end
 
       def test_node_type
@@ -364,8 +403,8 @@ def test_node_type
           <y>hello</y>
         </x>
         eoxml
-        assert_equal 0, reader.node_type
-        assert_equal [1, 14, 1, 3, 15, 14, 15], reader.map(&:node_type)
+        assert_equal(0, reader.node_type)
+        assert_equal([1, 14, 1, 3, 15, 14, 15], reader.map(&:node_type))
       end
 
       def test_inner_xml
@@ -374,7 +413,7 @@ def test_inner_xml
 
         reader.read
 
-        assert_equal "<y>hello</y>", reader.inner_xml
+        assert_equal("<y>hello</y>", reader.inner_xml)
       end
 
       def test_outer_xml
@@ -384,7 +423,7 @@ def test_outer_xml
         xml = []
         reader.map { |node| xml << node.outer_xml }
 
-        assert_equal str, xml
+        assert_equal(str, xml)
       end
 
       def test_outer_xml_with_empty_nodes
@@ -394,12 +433,12 @@ def test_outer_xml_with_empty_nodes
         xml = []
         reader.map { |node| xml << node.outer_xml }
 
-        assert_equal str, xml
+        assert_equal(str, xml)
       end
 
       def test_state
-        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader.from_memory('<foo>bar</bar>')
-        assert reader.state
+        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader.from_memory("<foo>bar</bar>")
+        assert(reader.state)
       end
 
       def test_ns_uri
@@ -408,15 +447,15 @@ def test_ns_uri
           <edi:foo>hello</edi:foo>
         </x>
         eoxml
-        assert_nil reader.namespace_uri
+        assert_nil(reader.namespace_uri)
         assert_equal([nil,
                       nil,
                       "http://ecommerce.example.org/schema",
                       nil,
                       "http://ecommerce.example.org/schema",
                       nil,
-                      nil],
-                      reader.map(&:namespace_uri))
+                      nil,],
+          reader.map(&:namespace_uri))
       end
 
       def test_reader_node_attributes_keep_a_reference_to_the_reader
@@ -433,7 +472,9 @@ def test_reader_node_attributes_keep_a_reference_to_the_reader
 
           reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader.from_memory(xml)
           reader.each do |element|
-            attribute_nodes += element.attribute_nodes
+            assert_output(nil, /Reader#attribute_nodes is deprecated/) do
+              attribute_nodes += element.attribute_nodes
+            end
           end
         end
 
@@ -450,14 +491,16 @@ def test_namespaced_attributes
         eoxml
         attr_ns = []
         while reader.read
-          if reader.node_type == Nokogiri::XML::Node::ELEMENT_NODE
-            reader.attribute_nodes.each {|attr| attr_ns << (attr.namespace.nil? ? nil : attr.namespace.prefix) }
+          next unless reader.node_type == Nokogiri::XML::Node::ELEMENT_NODE
+
+          assert_output(nil, /Reader#attribute_nodes is deprecated/) do
+            reader.attribute_nodes.each { |attr| attr_ns << (attr.namespace.nil? ? nil : attr.namespace.prefix) }
           end
         end
-        assert_equal(['commons',
-                      'edi',
-                      nil],
-                     attr_ns)
+        assert_equal(["commons",
+                      "edi",
+                      nil,],
+          attr_ns)
       end
 
       def test_local_name
@@ -466,9 +509,9 @@ def test_local_name
           <edi:foo>hello</edi:foo>
         </x>
         eoxml
-        assert_nil reader.local_name
+        assert_nil(reader.local_name)
         assert_equal(["x", "#text", "foo", "#text", "foo", "#text", "x"],
-                     reader.map(&:local_name))
+          reader.map(&:local_name))
       end
 
       def test_name
@@ -477,9 +520,9 @@ def test_name
           <edi:foo>hello</edi:foo>
         </x>
         eoxml
-        assert_nil reader.name
+        assert_nil(reader.name)
         assert_equal(["x", "#text", "edi:foo", "#text", "edi:foo", "#text", "x"],
-                     reader.map(&:name))
+          reader.map(&:name))
       end
 
       def test_base_uri
@@ -493,7 +536,7 @@ def test_base_uri
           </x>
         eoxml
 
-        assert_nil reader.base_uri
+        assert_nil(reader.base_uri)
         assert_equal(["http://base.example.org/base/",
                       "http://base.example.org/base/",
                       "http://base.example.org/base/",
@@ -506,8 +549,8 @@ def test_base_uri
                       "http://base.example.org/base/relative",
                       "http://base.example.org/base/relative",
                       "http://base.example.org/base/",
-                      "http://base.example.org/base/"],
-                      reader.map(&:base_uri))
+                      "http://base.example.org/base/",],
+          reader.map(&:base_uri))
       end
 
       def test_xlink_href_without_base_uri
@@ -519,10 +562,10 @@ def test_xlink_href_without_base_uri
         eoxml
 
         reader.each do |node|
-          if node.node_type == Nokogiri::XML::Reader::TYPE_ELEMENT
-            if node.name == 'link'
-              assert_nil node.base_uri
-            end
+          next unless node.node_type == Nokogiri::XML::Reader::TYPE_ELEMENT
+
+          if node.name == "link"
+            assert_nil(node.base_uri)
           end
         end
       end
@@ -538,31 +581,32 @@ def test_xlink_href_with_base_uri
 
         reader.each do |node|
           if node.node_type == Nokogiri::XML::Reader::TYPE_ELEMENT
-            assert_equal node.base_uri, "http://base.example.org/base/"
+            assert_equal("http://base.example.org/base/", node.base_uri)
           end
         end
       end
 
       def test_read_from_memory
         called = false
-        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader.from_memory('<foo>bar</foo>')
+        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader.from_memory("<foo>bar</foo>")
         reader.each do |node|
           called = true
-          assert node
+          assert(node)
         end
-        assert called
+        assert(called)
       end
 
       def test_large_document_smoke_test
-        #  simply run on a large document to verify that there no GC issues
-        xml = []
-        xml << "<elements>"
-        10000.times { |j| xml << "<element id=\"#{j}\"/>" }
-        xml << "</elements>"
-        xml = xml.join("\n")
+        skip_unless_libxml2("valgrind tests should only run with libxml2")
+
+        refute_valgrind_errors do
+          xml = []
+          xml << "<elements>"
+          10000.times { |j| xml << "<element id=\"#{j}\"/>" }
+          xml << "</elements>"
+          xml = xml.join("\n")
 
-        Nokogiri::XML::Reader.from_memory(xml).each do |e|
-          e.attributes
+          Nokogiri::XML::Reader.from_memory(xml).each(&:attributes)
         end
       end
 
@@ -587,15 +631,15 @@ def test_correct_outer_xml_inclusion
         has_child2 = []
 
         xml.each do |node|
-          if node.node_type == Nokogiri::XML::Reader::TYPE_ELEMENT and node.name == "child"
+          if (node.node_type == Nokogiri::XML::Reader::TYPE_ELEMENT) && (node.name == "child")
             nodelengths << node.outer_xml.length
-            has_child2 << !!(node.outer_xml =~ /child-2/)
+            has_child2 << !!node.outer_xml.include?("child-2")
           end
         end
 
         assert_equal(nodelengths[0], nodelengths[1])
         assert(has_child2[1])
-        assert(!has_child2[0])
+        refute(has_child2[0])
       end
 
       def test_correct_inner_xml_inclusion
@@ -619,23 +663,23 @@ def test_correct_inner_xml_inclusion
         has_child2 = []
 
         xml.each do |node|
-          if node.node_type == Nokogiri::XML::Reader::TYPE_ELEMENT and node.name == "child"
+          if (node.node_type == Nokogiri::XML::Reader::TYPE_ELEMENT) && (node.name == "child")
             nodelengths << node.inner_xml.length
-            has_child2 << !!(node.inner_xml =~ /child-2/)
+            has_child2 << !!node.inner_xml.include?("child-2")
           end
         end
 
         assert_equal(nodelengths[0], nodelengths[1])
         assert(has_child2[1])
-        assert(!has_child2[0])
+        refute(has_child2[0])
       end
 
       def test_nonexistent_attribute
-        require 'nokogiri'
+        require "nokogiri"
         reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader("<root xmlns='bob'><el attr='fred' /></root>")
         reader.read # root
         reader.read # el
-        assert_nil reader.attribute('other')
+        assert_nil(reader.attribute("other"))
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_reader_encoding.rb b/test/xml/test_reader_encoding.rb
index a8644f78b3..3986ecdbc1 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_reader_encoding.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_reader_encoding.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -9,22 +11,49 @@ def setup
         @reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(
           File.read(XML_FILE),
           XML_FILE,
-          'UTF-8'
+          "UTF-8"
         )
       end
 
+      def test_libxml2_detects_internal_encoding_correctly
+        skip_unless_libxml2("This feature wasn't implemented for JRuby")
+
+        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(<<~XML)
+          <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
+          <root attr="foo"><employee /></root>
+        XML
+
+        assert_nil(reader.encoding)
+        reader.each do
+          assert_equal("ISO-8859-1", reader.encoding)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def test_libxml2_overrides_internal_encoding_when_specified
+        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(<<~XML, nil, "UTF-8")
+          <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
+          <root attr="foo"><employee /></root>
+        XML
+
+        assert_equal("UTF-8", reader.encoding)
+        reader.each do
+          assert_equal("UTF-8", reader.encoding)
+        end
+      end
+
       def test_attribute_at
         @reader.each do |node|
-          next unless attribute = node.attribute_at(0)
-          assert_equal @reader.encoding, attribute.encoding.name
+          next unless (attribute = node.attribute_at(0))
+
+          assert_equal(@reader.encoding, attribute.encoding.name)
         end
       end
 
       def test_attributes
         @reader.each do |node|
-          node.attributes.each do |k,v|
-            assert_equal @reader.encoding, k.encoding.name
-            assert_equal @reader.encoding, v.encoding.name
+          node.attributes.each do |k, v|
+            assert_equal(@reader.encoding, k.encoding.name)
+            assert_equal(@reader.encoding, v.encoding.name)
           end
         end
       end
@@ -35,17 +64,19 @@ def test_attribute
             <tenderlove:foo awesome='true'>snuggles!</tenderlove:foo>
           </x>
         eoxml
-        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(xml, nil, 'UTF-8')
+        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(xml, nil, "UTF-8")
         reader.each do |node|
-          next unless attribute = node.attribute('awesome')
-          assert_equal reader.encoding, attribute.encoding.name
+          next unless (attribute = node.attribute("awesome"))
+
+          assert_equal(reader.encoding, attribute.encoding.name)
         end
       end
 
       def test_xml_version
         @reader.each do |node|
-          next unless version = node.xml_version
-          assert_equal @reader.encoding, version.encoding.name
+          next unless (version = node.xml_version)
+
+          assert_equal(@reader.encoding, version.encoding.name)
         end
       end
 
@@ -57,21 +88,23 @@ def test_lang
           </awesome>
         eoxml
 
-        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(xml, nil, 'UTF-8')
+        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(xml, nil, "UTF-8")
         reader.each do |node|
-          next unless lang = node.lang
-          assert_equal reader.encoding, lang.encoding.name
+          next unless (lang = node.lang)
+
+          assert_equal(reader.encoding, lang.encoding.name)
         end
       end
 
       def test_value
         called = false
         @reader.each do |node|
-          next unless value = node.value
-          assert_equal @reader.encoding, value.encoding.name
+          next unless (value = node.value)
+
+          assert_equal(@reader.encoding, value.encoding.name)
           called = true
         end
-        assert called
+        assert(called)
       end
 
       def test_prefix
@@ -80,10 +113,11 @@ def test_prefix
             <edi:foo>hello</edi:foo>
           </x>
         eoxml
-        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(xml, nil, 'UTF-8')
+        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(xml, nil, "UTF-8")
         reader.each do |node|
-          next unless prefix = node.prefix
-          assert_equal reader.encoding, prefix.encoding.name
+          next unless (prefix = node.prefix)
+
+          assert_equal(reader.encoding, prefix.encoding.name)
         end
       end
 
@@ -93,10 +127,11 @@ def test_ns_uri
             <edi:foo>hello</edi:foo>
           </x>
         eoxml
-        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(xml, nil, 'UTF-8')
+        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(xml, nil, "UTF-8")
         reader.each do |node|
-          next unless uri = node.namespace_uri
-          assert_equal reader.encoding, uri.encoding.name
+          next unless (uri = node.namespace_uri)
+
+          assert_equal(reader.encoding, uri.encoding.name)
         end
       end
 
@@ -106,27 +141,29 @@ def test_local_name
             <edi:foo>hello</edi:foo>
           </x>
         eoxml
-        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(xml, nil, 'UTF-8')
+        reader = Nokogiri::XML::Reader(xml, nil, "UTF-8")
         reader.each do |node|
-          next unless lname = node.local_name
-          assert_equal reader.encoding, lname.encoding.name
+          next unless (lname = node.local_name)
+
+          assert_equal(reader.encoding, lname.encoding.name)
         end
       end
 
       def test_name
         @reader.each do |node|
-          next unless name = node.name
-          assert_equal @reader.encoding, name.encoding.name
+          next unless (name = node.name)
+
+          assert_equal(@reader.encoding, name.encoding.name)
         end
       end
 
       def test_value_lookup_segfault
-        skip("only run if NOKOGIRI_GC is set") unless ENV['NOKOGIRI_GC']
+        skip("only run if NOKOGIRI_GC is set") unless ENV["NOKOGIRI_GC"]
         skip_unless_libxml2
         stress_memory_while do
-          while node = @reader.read
+          while (node = @reader.read)
             nodes = node.attribute_nodes
-            nodes.first.name if nodes.first
+            nodes.first&.name
           end
         end
       end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_relax_ng.rb b/test/xml/test_relax_ng.rb
index 8e7103a6e8..c33116ffee 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_relax_ng.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_relax_ng.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -5,51 +7,52 @@ module XML
     class TestRelaxNG < Nokogiri::TestCase
       def setup
         super
-        assert @schema = Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG(File.read(ADDRESS_SCHEMA_FILE))
+        assert(@schema = Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG(File.read(ADDRESS_SCHEMA_FILE)))
       end
 
       def test_parse_with_memory
-        assert_instance_of Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG, @schema
-        assert_equal 0, @schema.errors.length
+        assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG, @schema)
+        assert_equal(0, @schema.errors.length)
       end
 
       def test_new
-        assert schema = Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG.new(
-          File.read(ADDRESS_SCHEMA_FILE))
-        assert_instance_of Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG, schema
+        assert(schema = Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG.new(
+          File.read(ADDRESS_SCHEMA_FILE)
+        ))
+        assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG, schema)
       end
 
       def test_parse_with_io
         xsd = nil
-        File.open(ADDRESS_SCHEMA_FILE, 'rb') { |f|
-          assert xsd = Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG(f)
-        }
-        assert_equal 0, xsd.errors.length
+        File.open(ADDRESS_SCHEMA_FILE, "rb") do |f|
+          assert(xsd = Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG(f))
+        end
+        assert_equal(0, xsd.errors.length)
       end
 
       def test_constructor_method_with_parse_options
         schema = Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG(File.read(ADDRESS_SCHEMA_FILE))
-        assert_equal Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_SCHEMA, schema.parse_options
+        assert_equal(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_SCHEMA, schema.parse_options)
 
         schema = Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG(File.read(ADDRESS_SCHEMA_FILE), Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover)
-        assert_equal Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover, schema.parse_options
+        assert_equal(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover, schema.parse_options)
       end
 
       def test_new_with_parse_options
         schema = Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG.new(File.read(ADDRESS_SCHEMA_FILE))
-        assert_equal Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_SCHEMA, schema.parse_options
+        assert_equal(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_SCHEMA, schema.parse_options)
 
         schema = Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG.new(File.read(ADDRESS_SCHEMA_FILE), Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover)
-        assert_equal Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover, schema.parse_options
+        assert_equal(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover, schema.parse_options)
       end
 
       def test_from_document_with_parse_options
         schema = Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG.from_document(Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse(File.read(ADDRESS_SCHEMA_FILE)))
-        assert_equal Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_SCHEMA, schema.parse_options
+        assert_equal(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_SCHEMA, schema.parse_options)
 
         schema = Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG.from_document(Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse(File.read(ADDRESS_SCHEMA_FILE)),
-                                                      Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover)
-        assert_equal Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover, schema.parse_options
+          Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover)
+        assert_equal(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover, schema.parse_options)
       end
 
       def test_read_memory_with_parse_options
@@ -57,41 +60,41 @@ def test_read_memory_with_parse_options
         skip_unless_libxml2
 
         schema = Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG.read_memory(File.read(ADDRESS_SCHEMA_FILE))
-        assert_equal Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_SCHEMA, schema.parse_options
+        assert_equal(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_SCHEMA, schema.parse_options)
 
         schema = Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG.read_memory(File.read(ADDRESS_SCHEMA_FILE),
-                                                    Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover)
-        assert_equal Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover, schema.parse_options
+          Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover)
+        assert_equal(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover, schema.parse_options)
       end
 
       def test_parse_with_errors
-        xml = File.read(ADDRESS_SCHEMA_FILE).sub(/name="/, 'name=')
-        assert_raises(Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError) {
+        xml = File.read(ADDRESS_SCHEMA_FILE).sub(/name="/, "name=")
+        assert_raises(Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError) do
           Nokogiri::XML::RelaxNG(xml)
-        }
+        end
       end
 
       def test_validate_document
         doc = Nokogiri::XML(File.read(ADDRESS_XML_FILE))
-        assert errors = @schema.validate(doc)
-        assert_equal 0, errors.length
+        assert(errors = @schema.validate(doc))
+        assert_equal(0, errors.length)
       end
 
       def test_validate_invalid_document
         # Empty address book is not allowed
-        read_doc = '<addressBook></addressBook>'
+        read_doc = "<addressBook></addressBook>"
 
-        assert errors = @schema.validate(Nokogiri::XML(read_doc))
-        assert_equal 1, errors.length
+        assert(errors = @schema.validate(Nokogiri::XML(read_doc)))
+        assert_equal(1, errors.length)
       end
 
       def test_valid?
         valid_doc = Nokogiri::XML(File.read(ADDRESS_XML_FILE))
 
-        invalid_doc = Nokogiri::XML('<addressBook></addressBook>')
+        invalid_doc = Nokogiri::XML("<addressBook></addressBook>")
 
         assert(@schema.valid?(valid_doc))
-        assert(!@schema.valid?(invalid_doc))
+        refute(@schema.valid?(invalid_doc))
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_schema.rb b/test/xml/test_schema.rb
index 6cba39abe7..d2e28b14cd 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_schema.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_schema.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -5,7 +7,7 @@ module XML
     class TestSchema < Nokogiri::TestCase
       def setup
         super
-        assert @xsd = Nokogiri::XML::Schema(File.read(PO_SCHEMA_FILE))
+        assert(@xsd = Nokogiri::XML::Schema(File.read(PO_SCHEMA_FILE)))
       end
 
       def test_issue_1985_segv_on_schema_parse
@@ -26,13 +28,13 @@ def test_issue_1985_segv_on_schema_parse
 
         # This is OK, no nodes have been exposed
         xsd_doc = Nokogiri::XML(doc)
-        assert Nokogiri::XML::Schema.from_document(xsd_doc)
+        assert(Nokogiri::XML::Schema.from_document(xsd_doc))
 
         # This is not OK, nodes have been exposed to Ruby
         xsd_doc = Nokogiri::XML(doc)
         xsd_doc.root.children.find(&:blank?) # Finds a node
 
-        ex = assert_raise(ArgumentError) do
+        ex = assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
           Nokogiri::XML::Schema.from_document(xsd_doc)
         end
         assert_match(/blank nodes/, ex.message)
@@ -40,14 +42,14 @@ def test_issue_1985_segv_on_schema_parse
 
       def test_schema_read_memory
         xsd = Nokogiri::XML::Schema.read_memory(File.read(PO_SCHEMA_FILE))
-        assert_instance_of Nokogiri::XML::Schema, xsd
+        assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::Schema, xsd)
       end
 
       def test_schema_from_document
         doc = Nokogiri::XML(File.open(PO_SCHEMA_FILE))
-        assert doc
-        xsd = Nokogiri::XML::Schema.from_document doc
-        assert_instance_of Nokogiri::XML::Schema, xsd
+        assert(doc)
+        xsd = Nokogiri::XML::Schema.from_document(doc)
+        assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::Schema, xsd)
       end
 
       def test_invalid_schema_do_not_raise_exceptions
@@ -74,146 +76,161 @@ def test_invalid_schema_do_not_raise_exceptions
           </xs:schema>
         EOF
 
-        assert_instance_of Nokogiri::XML::Schema, xsd
+        assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::Schema, xsd)
 
         if Nokogiri.jruby?
-          assert xsd.errors.length > 0
-          assert_equal 1, xsd.errors.map(&:to_s).grep(/cos-element-consistent/).length
-          assert_equal 1, xsd.errors.map(&:to_s).grep(/cos-nonambig/).length
+          refute_empty(xsd.errors)
+          assert_equal(1, xsd.errors.map(&:to_s).grep(/cos-element-consistent/).length)
+          assert_equal(1, xsd.errors.map(&:to_s).grep(/cos-nonambig/).length)
         end
       end
 
       def test_schema_from_document_node
         doc = Nokogiri::XML(File.open(PO_SCHEMA_FILE))
-        assert doc
-        xsd = Nokogiri::XML::Schema.from_document doc.root
-        assert_instance_of Nokogiri::XML::Schema, xsd
+        assert(doc)
+        xsd = Nokogiri::XML::Schema.from_document(doc.root)
+        assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::Schema, xsd)
       end
 
       def test_schema_validates_with_relative_paths
         xsd = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "foo", "foo.xsd")
         xml = File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "valid_bar.xml")
         doc = Nokogiri::XML(File.open(xsd))
-        xsd = Nokogiri::XML::Schema.from_document doc
+        xsd = Nokogiri::XML::Schema.from_document(doc)
 
         doc = Nokogiri::XML(File.open(xml))
-        assert xsd.valid?(doc)
+        assert(xsd.valid?(doc))
       end
 
       def test_parse_with_memory
-        assert_instance_of Nokogiri::XML::Schema, @xsd
-        assert_equal 0, @xsd.errors.length
+        assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::Schema, @xsd)
+        assert_equal(0, @xsd.errors.length)
       end
 
       def test_new
-        assert xsd = Nokogiri::XML::Schema.new(File.read(PO_SCHEMA_FILE))
-        assert_instance_of Nokogiri::XML::Schema, xsd
+        assert(xsd = Nokogiri::XML::Schema.new(File.read(PO_SCHEMA_FILE)))
+        assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::Schema, xsd)
       end
 
       def test_schema_method_with_parse_options
         schema = Nokogiri::XML::Schema(File.read(PO_SCHEMA_FILE))
-        assert_equal Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_SCHEMA, schema.parse_options
+        assert_equal(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_SCHEMA, schema.parse_options)
 
         schema = Nokogiri::XML::Schema(File.read(PO_SCHEMA_FILE), Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover)
-        assert_equal Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover, schema.parse_options
+        assert_equal(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover, schema.parse_options)
       end
 
       def test_schema_new_with_parse_options
         schema = Nokogiri::XML::Schema.new(File.read(PO_SCHEMA_FILE))
-        assert_equal Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_SCHEMA, schema.parse_options
+        assert_equal(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_SCHEMA, schema.parse_options)
 
         schema = Nokogiri::XML::Schema.new(File.read(PO_SCHEMA_FILE), Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover)
-        assert_equal Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover, schema.parse_options
+        assert_equal(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover, schema.parse_options)
       end
 
       def test_schema_from_document_with_parse_options
         schema = Nokogiri::XML::Schema.from_document(Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse(File.read(PO_SCHEMA_FILE)))
-        assert_equal Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_SCHEMA, schema.parse_options
+        assert_equal(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_SCHEMA, schema.parse_options)
 
         schema = Nokogiri::XML::Schema.from_document(Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse(File.read(PO_SCHEMA_FILE)),
-                                                     Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover)
-        assert_equal Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover, schema.parse_options
+          Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover)
+        assert_equal(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover, schema.parse_options)
       end
 
       def test_schema_read_memory_with_parse_options
         schema = Nokogiri::XML::Schema.read_memory(File.read(PO_SCHEMA_FILE))
-        assert_equal Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_SCHEMA, schema.parse_options
+        assert_equal(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_SCHEMA, schema.parse_options)
 
         schema = Nokogiri::XML::Schema.read_memory(File.read(PO_SCHEMA_FILE), Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover)
-        assert_equal Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover, schema.parse_options
+        assert_equal(Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.recover, schema.parse_options)
       end
 
       def test_parse_with_io
         xsd = nil
-        File.open(PO_SCHEMA_FILE, "rb") { |f|
-          assert xsd = Nokogiri::XML::Schema(f)
-        }
-        assert_equal 0, xsd.errors.length
+        File.open(PO_SCHEMA_FILE, "rb") do |f|
+          assert(xsd = Nokogiri::XML::Schema(f))
+        end
+        assert_equal(0, xsd.errors.length)
       end
 
       def test_parse_with_errors
         xml = File.read(PO_SCHEMA_FILE).sub(/name="/, "name=")
-        assert_raises(Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError) {
+        assert_raises(Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError) do
           Nokogiri::XML::Schema(xml)
-        }
+        end
       end
 
       def test_validate_document
         doc = Nokogiri::XML(File.read(PO_XML_FILE))
-        assert errors = @xsd.validate(doc)
-        assert_equal 0, errors.length
+        assert(errors = @xsd.validate(doc))
+        assert_equal(0, errors.length)
       end
 
       def test_validate_file
-        assert errors = @xsd.validate(PO_XML_FILE)
-        assert_equal 0, errors.length
+        assert(errors = @xsd.validate(PO_XML_FILE))
+        assert_equal(0, errors.length)
       end
 
       def test_validate_invalid_document
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML File.read(PO_XML_FILE)
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML(File.read(PO_XML_FILE))
         doc.css("city").unlink
 
-        assert errors = @xsd.validate(doc)
-        assert_equal 2, errors.length
+        assert(errors = @xsd.validate(doc))
+        assert_equal(2, errors.length)
       end
 
       def test_validate_invalid_file
         tempfile = Tempfile.new("xml")
 
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML File.read(PO_XML_FILE)
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML(File.read(PO_XML_FILE))
         doc.css("city").unlink
-        tempfile.write doc.to_xml
+        tempfile.write(doc.to_xml)
         tempfile.close
 
-        assert errors = @xsd.validate(tempfile.path)
-        assert_equal 2, errors.length
+        assert(errors = @xsd.validate(tempfile.path))
+        assert_equal(2, errors.length)
       end
 
       def test_validate_non_document
         string = File.read(PO_XML_FILE)
-        assert_raise(ArgumentError) { @xsd.validate(string) }
+        assert_raises(ArgumentError) { @xsd.validate(string) }
       end
 
       def test_valid?
         valid_doc = Nokogiri::XML(File.read(PO_XML_FILE))
 
         invalid_doc = Nokogiri::XML(
-          File.read(PO_XML_FILE).gsub(/<city>[^<]*<\/city>/, "")
+          File.read(PO_XML_FILE).gsub(%r{<city>[^<]*</city>}, "")
         )
 
         assert(@xsd.valid?(valid_doc))
-        assert(!@xsd.valid?(invalid_doc))
+        refute(@xsd.valid?(invalid_doc))
       end
 
       def test_xsd_with_dtd
         Dir.chdir(File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "saml")) do
           # works
-          Nokogiri::XML::Schema(IO.read("xmldsig_schema.xsd"))
+          Nokogiri::XML::Schema(File.read("xmldsig_schema.xsd"))
           # was not working
-          Nokogiri::XML::Schema(IO.read("saml20protocol_schema.xsd"))
+          Nokogiri::XML::Schema(File.read("saml20protocol_schema.xsd"))
         end
       end
 
+      def test_xsd_import_with_no_systemid
+        # https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/pull/2296
+        xsd = <<~EOF
+          <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+          <xs:schema
+            xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
+            xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"
+            targetNamespace="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"
+          >
+          <xs:import/>
+          </xs:schema>
+        EOF
+        Nokogiri::XML::Schema(xsd) # assert_nothing_raised
+      end
+
       describe "CVE-2020-26247" do
         # https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/security/advisories/GHSA-vr8q-g5c7-m54m
         let(:schema) do
@@ -230,22 +247,22 @@ def test_xsd_with_dtd
               doc = Nokogiri::XML::Schema.new(schema)
               errors = doc.errors.map(&:to_s)
               assert_equal(1, errors.grep(/ERROR: Attempt to load network entity/).length,
-                           "Should see xmlIO.c:xmlNoNetExternalEntityLoader() raising XML_IO_NETWORK_ATTEMPT")
+                "Should see xmlIO.c:xmlNoNetExternalEntityLoader() raising XML_IO_NETWORK_ATTEMPT")
               assert_empty(errors.grep(/WARNING: failed to load HTTP resource/),
-                           "Should not see xmlIO.c:xmlCheckHTTPInput() raising 'failed to load HTTP resource'")
+                "Should not see xmlIO.c:xmlCheckHTTPInput() raising 'failed to load HTTP resource'")
               assert_empty(errors.grep(/WARNING: failed to load external entity/),
-                           "Should not see xmlIO.c:xmlDefaultExternalEntityLoader() raising 'failed to load external entity'")
+                "Should not see xmlIO.c:xmlDefaultExternalEntityLoader() raising 'failed to load external entity'")
             end
 
             it "XML::Schema parsing of memory does not attempt to access external DTDs" do
               doc = Nokogiri::XML::Schema.read_memory(schema)
               errors = doc.errors.map(&:to_s)
               assert_equal(1, errors.grep(/ERROR: Attempt to load network entity/).length,
-                           "Should see xmlIO.c:xmlNoNetExternalEntityLoader() raising XML_IO_NETWORK_ATTEMPT")
+                "Should see xmlIO.c:xmlNoNetExternalEntityLoader() raising XML_IO_NETWORK_ATTEMPT")
               assert_empty(errors.grep(/WARNING: failed to load HTTP resource/),
-                           "Should not see xmlIO.c:xmlCheckHTTPInput() raising 'failed to load HTTP resource'")
+                "Should not see xmlIO.c:xmlCheckHTTPInput() raising 'failed to load HTTP resource'")
               assert_empty(errors.grep(/WARNING: failed to load external entity/),
-                           "Should not see xmlIO.c:xmlDefaultExternalEntityLoader() raising 'failed to load external entity'")
+                "Should not see xmlIO.c:xmlDefaultExternalEntityLoader() raising 'failed to load external entity'")
             end
           end
 
@@ -254,7 +271,7 @@ def test_xsd_with_dtd
               doc = Nokogiri::XML::Schema.new(schema, Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.nononet)
               errors = doc.errors.map(&:to_s)
               assert_equal(0, errors.grep(/ERROR: Attempt to load network entity/).length,
-                           "Should not see xmlIO.c:xmlNoNetExternalEntityLoader() raising XML_IO_NETWORK_ATTEMPT")
+                "Should not see xmlIO.c:xmlNoNetExternalEntityLoader() raising XML_IO_NETWORK_ATTEMPT")
               assert_equal(1, errors.grep(/WARNING: failed to load HTTP resource|WARNING: failed to load external entity/).length)
             end
 
@@ -262,7 +279,7 @@ def test_xsd_with_dtd
               doc = Nokogiri::XML::Schema.read_memory(schema, Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.nononet)
               errors = doc.errors.map(&:to_s)
               assert_equal(0, errors.grep(/ERROR: Attempt to load network entity/).length,
-                           "Should not see xmlIO.c:xmlNoNetExternalEntityLoader() raising XML_IO_NETWORK_ATTEMPT")
+                "Should not see xmlIO.c:xmlNoNetExternalEntityLoader() raising XML_IO_NETWORK_ATTEMPT")
               assert_equal(1, errors.grep(/WARNING: failed to load HTTP resource|WARNING: failed to load external entity/).length)
             end
           end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_syntax_error.rb b/test/xml/test_syntax_error.rb
index 85233f4a52..dcca924697 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_syntax_error.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_syntax_error.rb
@@ -1,17 +1,18 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class TestSyntaxError < Nokogiri::TestCase
       it "#new accepts a message" do
-        error = Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError.new('hello')
-        assert_equal 'hello', error.message
+        error = Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError.new("hello")
+        assert_equal "hello", error.message
       end
 
       it "describes the syntax error encountered" do
         if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
-          bad_doc = Nokogiri::XML('test')
+          bad_doc = Nokogiri::XML("test")
           error = bad_doc.errors.first
 
           assert_equal "1:1: FATAL: Start tag expected, '<' not found", error.message
@@ -19,7 +20,7 @@ class TestSyntaxError < Nokogiri::TestCase
           assert_equal 1, error.column
           assert_equal 3, error.level
         else
-          bad_doc = Nokogiri::XML('<root>test</bar>')
+          bad_doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root>test</bar>")
           error = bad_doc.errors.first
 
           assert_equal "The element type \"root\" must be terminated by the matching end-tag \"</root>\".", error.message
diff --git a/test/xml/test_text.rb b/test/xml/test_text.rb
index 661502e206..ad10afba32 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_text.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_text.rb
@@ -1,59 +1,61 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class TestText < Nokogiri::TestCase
       def test_css_path
-        doc  = Nokogiri.XML "<root> foo <a>something</a> bar bazz </root>"
+        doc  = Nokogiri.XML("<root> foo <a>something</a> bar bazz </root>")
         node = doc.root.children[2]
-        assert_instance_of Nokogiri::XML::Text, node
-        assert_equal node, doc.at_css(node.css_path)
+        assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::Text, node)
+        assert_equal(node, doc.at_css(node.css_path))
       end
 
       def test_inspect
-        node = Text.new('hello world', Document.new)
-        assert_equal "#<#{node.class.name}:#{sprintf("0x%x",node.object_id)} #{node.text.inspect}>", node.inspect
+        node = Text.new("hello world", Document.new)
+        assert_equal("#<#{node.class.name}:#{format("0x%x", node.object_id)} #{node.text.inspect}>", node.inspect)
       end
 
       def test_new
-        node = Text.new('hello world', Document.new)
-        assert node
-        assert_equal('hello world', node.content)
-        assert_instance_of Nokogiri::XML::Text, node
+        node = Text.new("hello world", Document.new)
+        assert(node)
+        assert_equal("hello world", node.content)
+        assert_instance_of(Nokogiri::XML::Text, node)
       end
 
       def test_lots_of_text
-        100.times { Text.new('hello world', Document.new) }
+        100.times { Text.new("hello world", Document.new) }
       end
 
       def test_new_without_document
         doc = Document.new
-        node = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new('foo', doc)
+        node = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new("foo", doc)
 
-        assert Text.new('hello world', node)
+        assert(Text.new("hello world", node))
       end
 
       def test_content=
-        node = Text.new('foo', Document.new)
-        assert_equal('foo', node.content)
-        node.content = '& <foo> &amp;'
-        assert_equal('& <foo> &amp;', node.content)
-        assert_equal('&amp; &lt;foo&gt; &amp;amp;', node.to_xml)
+        node = Text.new("foo", Document.new)
+        assert_equal("foo", node.content)
+        node.content = "& <foo> &amp;"
+        assert_equal("& <foo> &amp;", node.content)
+        assert_equal("&amp; &lt;foo&gt; &amp;amp;", node.to_xml)
       end
 
       def test_add_child
-        node = Text.new('foo', Document.new)
-        if Nokogiri.jruby?
-          exc = RuntimeError
+        node = Text.new("foo", Document.new)
+        exc = if Nokogiri.jruby?
+          RuntimeError
         else
-          exc = ArgumentError
+          ArgumentError
+        end
+        assert_raises(exc) do
+          node.add_child(Text.new("bar", Document.new))
+        end
+        assert_raises(exc) do
+          node << Text.new("bar", Document.new)
         end
-        assert_raises(exc) {
-          node.add_child Text.new('bar', Document.new)
-        }
-        assert_raises(exc) {
-          node << Text.new('bar', Document.new)
-        }
       end
 
       def test_wrap
@@ -61,8 +63,8 @@ def test_wrap
         doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml)
         text = doc.at_css("div").children.first
         text.wrap("<wrapper/>")
-        assert_equal 'wrapper', text.parent.name
-        assert_equal 'wrapper', doc.at_css("div").children.first.name
+        assert_equal("wrapper", text.parent.name)
+        assert_equal("wrapper", doc.at_css("div").children.first.name)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_unparented_node.rb b/test/xml/test_unparented_node.rb
index 5836c1c8f4..371191b6c5 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_unparented_node.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_unparented_node.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
-require 'stringio'
+require "stringio"
 
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
@@ -9,49 +11,49 @@ def setup
         super
         begin
           xml = Nokogiri::XML.parse(File.read(XML_FILE), XML_FILE)
-          @node = xml.at('staff')
+          @node = xml.at("staff")
           @node.unlink
         end
         GC.start # try to GC the document
       end
 
       def test_node_still_has_document
-        assert @node.document
+        assert(@node.document)
       end
 
       def test_add_namespace
-        node = @node.at('address')
+        node = @node.at("address")
         node.unlink
-        node.add_namespace('foo', 'http://tenderlovemaking.com')
-        assert_equal 'http://tenderlovemaking.com', node.namespaces['xmlns:foo']
+        node.add_namespace("foo", "http://tenderlovemaking.com")
+        assert_equal("http://tenderlovemaking.com", node.namespaces["xmlns:foo"])
       end
 
       def test_write_to
         io = StringIO.new
-        @node.write_to io
+        @node.write_to(io)
         io.rewind
-        assert_equal @node.to_xml, io.read
+        assert_equal(@node.to_xml, io.read)
       end
 
       def test_attribute_with_symbol
-        assert_equal 'Yes', @node.css('address').first[:domestic]
+        assert_equal("Yes", @node.css("address").first[:domestic])
       end
 
       def test_write_to_with_block
         called = false
         io = StringIO.new
         conf = nil
-        @node.write_to io do |config|
+        @node.write_to(io) do |config|
           called = true
           conf = config
           config.format.as_html.no_empty_tags
         end
         io.rewind
-        assert called
-        assert_equal @node.serialize(:save_with => conf.options), io.read
+        assert(called)
+        assert_equal(@node.serialize(save_with: conf.options), io.read)
       end
 
-      %w{ xml html xhtml }.each do |type|
+      ["xml", "html", "xhtml"].each do |type|
         define_method(:"test_write_#{type}_to") do
           io = StringIO.new
           assert @node.send(:"write_#{type}_to", io)
@@ -68,88 +70,89 @@ def test_serialize_with_block
           conf = config
           config.format.as_html.no_empty_tags
         end
-        assert called
-        assert_equal @node.serialize(nil, conf.options), string
+        assert(called)
+        assert_equal(@node.serialize(nil, conf.options), string)
       end
 
       def test_values
-        assert_equal %w{ Yes Yes }, @node.xpath('.//address')[1].values
+        assert_equal(["Yes", "Yes"], @node.xpath(".//address")[1].values)
       end
 
       def test_keys
-        assert_equal %w{ domestic street }, @node.xpath('.//address')[1].keys
+        assert_equal(["domestic", "street"], @node.xpath(".//address")[1].keys)
       end
 
       def test_each
         attributes = []
-        @node.xpath('.//address')[1].each do |key, value|
+        @node.xpath(".//address")[1].each do |key, value|
           attributes << [key, value]
         end
-        assert_equal [['domestic', 'Yes'], ['street', 'Yes']], attributes
+        assert_equal([["domestic", "Yes"], ["street", "Yes"]], attributes)
       end
 
       def test_new
-        assert node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new('input', @node)
-        assert_equal 1, node.node_type
+        assert(node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("input", @node.document))
+        assert_equal(1, node.node_type)
       end
 
       def test_to_str
-        assert name = @node.xpath('.//name').first
-        assert_match(/Margaret/, '' + name)
-        assert_equal('Margaret Martin', '' + name.children.first)
+        assert(name = @node.xpath(".//name").first)
+        assert_match(/Margaret/, "" + name)
+        assert_equal("Margaret Martin", "" + name.children.first)
       end
 
       def test_ancestors
-        assert(address = @node.xpath('.//address').first)
-        assert_equal 2, address.ancestors.length
-        assert_equal ['employee', 'staff'],
-          address.ancestors.map { |x| x ? x.name : x }
+        assert(address = @node.xpath(".//address").first)
+        assert_equal(2, address.ancestors.length)
+        assert_equal(["employee", "staff"],
+          address.ancestors.map { |x| x ? x.name : x })
       end
 
       def test_read_only?
-        assert entity_decl = @node.internal_subset.children.find { |x|
+        entity_decl = @node.internal_subset.children.find do |x|
           x.type == Node::ENTITY_DECL
-        }
-        assert entity_decl.read_only?
+        end
+        assert(entity_decl)
+        assert_predicate(entity_decl, :read_only?)
       end
 
       def test_remove_attribute
-        address = @node.xpath('./employee/address').first
-        assert_equal 'Yes', address['domestic']
-        address.remove_attribute 'domestic'
-        assert_nil address['domestic']
+        address = @node.xpath("./employee/address").first
+        assert_equal("Yes", address["domestic"])
+        address.remove_attribute("domestic")
+        assert_nil(address["domestic"])
       end
 
       def test_delete
-        address = @node.xpath('./employee/address').first
-        assert_equal 'Yes', address['domestic']
-        address.delete 'domestic'
-        assert_nil address['domestic']
+        address = @node.xpath("./employee/address").first
+        assert_equal("Yes", address["domestic"])
+        address.delete("domestic")
+        assert_nil(address["domestic"])
       end
 
       def test_add_child_in_same_document
-        child = @node.css('employee').first
+        child = @node.css("employee").first
 
-        assert child.children.last
-        assert new_child = child.children.first
+        assert(child.children.last)
+        assert(new_child = child.children.first)
 
         last = child.children.last
 
         child.add_child(new_child)
-        assert_equal new_child, child.children.last
-        assert_equal last, child.children.last
+        assert_equal(new_child, child.children.last)
+        assert_equal(last, child.children.last)
       end
 
       def test_add_child_from_other_document
         d1 = Nokogiri::XML("<root><item>1</item><item>2</item></root>")
         d2 = Nokogiri::XML("<root><item>3</item><item>4</item></root>")
 
-        d2.at('root').search('item').each do |i|
-          d1.at('root').add_child i
+        d2.at("root").search("item").each do |i|
+          d1.at("root").add_child(i)
         end
 
-        assert_equal 0, d2.search('item').size
-        assert_equal 4, d1.search('item').size
+        assert_equal(0, d2.search("item").size)
+        assert_equal(4, d1.search("item").size)
       end
 
       def test_add_child
@@ -158,10 +161,10 @@ def test_add_child
           <a>Hello world</a>
         </root>
         eoxml
-        text_node = Nokogiri::XML::Text.new('hello', xml)
-        assert_equal Nokogiri::XML::Node::TEXT_NODE, text_node.type
-        xml.root.add_child text_node
-        assert_match 'hello', xml.to_s
+        text_node = Nokogiri::XML::Text.new("hello", xml)
+        assert_equal(Nokogiri::XML::Node::TEXT_NODE, text_node.type)
+        xml.root.add_child(text_node)
+        assert_match("hello", xml.to_s)
       end
 
       def test_chevron_works_as_add_child
@@ -170,9 +173,9 @@ def test_chevron_works_as_add_child
           <a>Hello world</a>
         </root>
         eoxml
-        text_node = Nokogiri::XML::Text.new('hello', xml)
+        text_node = Nokogiri::XML::Text.new("hello", xml)
         xml.root << text_node
-        assert_match 'hello', xml.to_s
+        assert_match("hello", xml.to_s)
       end
 
       def test_add_previous_sibling
@@ -181,12 +184,12 @@ def test_add_previous_sibling
           <a>Hello world</a>
         </root>
         eoxml
-        b_node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new('a', xml)
-        assert_equal Nokogiri::XML::Node::ELEMENT_NODE, b_node.type
-        b_node.content = 'first'
-        a_node = xml.xpath('.//a').first
+        b_node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("a", xml)
+        assert_equal(Nokogiri::XML::Node::ELEMENT_NODE, b_node.type)
+        b_node.content = "first"
+        a_node = xml.xpath(".//a").first
         a_node.add_previous_sibling(b_node)
-        assert_equal('first', xml.xpath('.//a').first.text)
+        assert_equal("first", xml.xpath(".//a").first.text)
       end
 
       def test_add_previous_sibling_merge
@@ -196,15 +199,15 @@ def test_add_previous_sibling_merge
         </root>
         eoxml
 
-        assert a_tag = xml.css('a').first
+        assert(a_tag = xml.css("a").first)
 
         left_space = a_tag.previous
         right_space = a_tag.next
-        assert left_space.text?
-        assert right_space.text?
+        assert_predicate(left_space, :text?)
+        assert_predicate(right_space, :text?)
 
         left_space.add_previous_sibling(right_space)
-        assert_equal left_space, right_space
+        assert_equal(left_space, right_space)
       end
 
       def test_add_next_sibling_merge
@@ -214,15 +217,15 @@ def test_add_next_sibling_merge
         </root>
         eoxml
 
-        assert a_tag = xml.css('a').first
+        assert(a_tag = xml.css("a").first)
 
         left_space = a_tag.previous
         right_space = a_tag.next
-        assert left_space.text?
-        assert right_space.text?
+        assert_predicate(left_space, :text?)
+        assert_predicate(right_space, :text?)
 
         right_space.add_next_sibling(left_space)
-        assert_equal left_space, right_space
+        assert_equal(left_space, right_space)
       end
 
       def test_add_next_sibling_to_root_raises_exception
@@ -230,9 +233,9 @@ def test_add_next_sibling_to_root_raises_exception
         <root />
         eoxml
 
-        node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new 'child', xml
+        node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("child", xml)
 
-        assert_raise(ArgumentError) do
+        assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
           xml.root.add_next_sibling(node)
         end
       end
@@ -242,67 +245,67 @@ def test_add_previous_sibling_to_root_raises_exception
         <root />
         eoxml
 
-        node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new 'child', xml
+        node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("child", xml)
 
-        assert_raise(ArgumentError) do
+        assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
           xml.root.add_previous_sibling(node)
         end
       end
 
       def test_document_root_can_have_a_comment_sibling_via_add_child
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML "<root>foo</root>"
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root>foo</root>")
         comment = Nokogiri::XML::Comment.new(doc, "this is a comment")
-        doc.add_child comment
-        assert_equal [doc.root, comment], doc.children.to_a
+        doc.add_child(comment)
+        assert_equal([doc.root, comment], doc.children.to_a)
       end
 
       def test_document_root_can_have_a_comment_sibling_via_prepend_child
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML "<root>foo</root>"
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root>foo</root>")
         comment = Nokogiri::XML::Comment.new(doc, "this is a comment")
-        doc.prepend_child comment
-        assert_equal [comment, doc.root], doc.children.to_a
+        doc.prepend_child(comment)
+        assert_equal([comment, doc.root], doc.children.to_a)
       end
 
       def test_document_root_can_have_a_comment_sibling_via_add_next_sibling
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML "<root>foo</root>"
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root>foo</root>")
         comment = Nokogiri::XML::Comment.new(doc, "this is a comment")
-        doc.root.add_next_sibling comment
-        assert_equal [doc.root, comment], doc.children.to_a
+        doc.root.add_next_sibling(comment)
+        assert_equal([doc.root, comment], doc.children.to_a)
       end
 
       def test_document_root_can_have_a_comment_sibling_via_add_previous_sibling
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML "<root>foo</root>"
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root>foo</root>")
         comment = Nokogiri::XML::Comment.new(doc, "this is a comment")
-        doc.root.add_previous_sibling comment
-        assert_equal [comment, doc.root], doc.children.to_a
+        doc.root.add_previous_sibling(comment)
+        assert_equal([comment, doc.root], doc.children.to_a)
       end
 
       def test_document_root_can_have_a_processing_instruction_sibling_via_add_child
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML "<root>foo</root>"
-        pi = Nokogiri::XML::ProcessingInstruction.new(doc, "xml-stylesheet", %q{type="text/xsl" href="foo.xsl"})
-        doc.add_child pi
-        assert_equal [doc.root, pi], doc.children.to_a
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root>foo</root>")
+        pi = Nokogiri::XML::ProcessingInstruction.new(doc, "xml-stylesheet", 'type="text/xsl" href="foo.xsl"')
+        doc.add_child(pi)
+        assert_equal([doc.root, pi], doc.children.to_a)
       end
 
       def test_document_root_can_have_a_processing_instruction_sibling_via_prepend_child
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML "<root>foo</root>"
-        pi = Nokogiri::XML::ProcessingInstruction.new(doc, "xml-stylesheet", %q{type="text/xsl" href="foo.xsl"})
-        doc.prepend_child pi
-        assert_equal [pi, doc.root], doc.children.to_a
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root>foo</root>")
+        pi = Nokogiri::XML::ProcessingInstruction.new(doc, "xml-stylesheet", 'type="text/xsl" href="foo.xsl"')
+        doc.prepend_child(pi)
+        assert_equal([pi, doc.root], doc.children.to_a)
       end
 
       def test_document_root_can_have_a_processing_instruction_sibling_via_add_next_sibling
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML "<root>foo</root>"
-        pi = Nokogiri::XML::ProcessingInstruction.new(doc, "xml-stylesheet", %q{type="text/xsl" href="foo.xsl"})
-        doc.root.add_next_sibling pi
-        assert_equal [doc.root, pi], doc.children.to_a
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root>foo</root>")
+        pi = Nokogiri::XML::ProcessingInstruction.new(doc, "xml-stylesheet", 'type="text/xsl" href="foo.xsl"')
+        doc.root.add_next_sibling(pi)
+        assert_equal([doc.root, pi], doc.children.to_a)
       end
 
       def test_document_root_can_have_a_processing_instruction_sibling_via_add_previous_sibling
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML "<root>foo</root>"
-        pi = Nokogiri::XML::ProcessingInstruction.new(doc, "xml-stylesheet", %q{type="text/xsl" href="foo.xsl"})
-        doc.root.add_previous_sibling pi
-        assert_equal [pi, doc.root], doc.children.to_a
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML("<root>foo</root>")
+        pi = Nokogiri::XML::ProcessingInstruction.new(doc, "xml-stylesheet", 'type="text/xsl" href="foo.xsl"')
+        doc.root.add_previous_sibling(pi)
+        assert_equal([pi, doc.root], doc.children.to_a)
       end
 
       def test_find_by_css_with_tilde_eql
@@ -318,8 +321,8 @@ def test_find_by_css_with_tilde_eql
         </root>
         eoxml
         set = xml.css('a[@class~="bar"]')
-        assert_equal 4, set.length
-        assert_equal ['Bar'], set.map { |node| node.content }.uniq
+        assert_equal(4, set.length)
+        assert_equal(["Bar"], set.map(&:content).uniq)
       end
 
       def test_unlink
@@ -334,146 +337,146 @@ def test_unlink
           <a class='bazbar'>Awesome</a>
         </root>
         eoxml
-        node = xml.xpath('.//a')[3]
-        assert_equal('Hello world', node.text)
+        node = xml.xpath(".//a")[3]
+        assert_equal("Hello world", node.text)
         assert_match(/Hello world/, xml.to_s)
-        assert node.parent
-        assert node.document
-        assert node.previous_sibling
-        assert node.next_sibling
+        assert(node.parent)
+        assert(node.document)
+        assert(node.previous_sibling)
+        assert(node.next_sibling)
         node.unlink
-        assert !node.parent
+        refute(node.parent)
         # assert !node.document
-        assert !node.previous_sibling
-        assert !node.next_sibling
-        assert_no_match(/Hello world/, xml.to_s)
+        refute(node.previous_sibling)
+        refute(node.next_sibling)
+        refute_match(/Hello world/, xml.to_s)
       end
 
       def test_next_sibling
-        assert sibling = @node.child.next_sibling
-        assert_equal('employee', sibling.name)
+        assert(sibling = @node.child.next_sibling)
+        assert_equal("employee", sibling.name)
       end
 
       def test_previous_sibling
-        assert sibling = @node.child.next_sibling
-        assert_equal('employee', sibling.name)
+        assert(sibling = @node.child.next_sibling)
+        assert_equal("employee", sibling.name)
         assert_equal(sibling.previous_sibling, @node.child)
       end
 
       def test_name=
-        @node.name = 'awesome'
-        assert_equal('awesome', @node.name)
+        @node.name = "awesome"
+        assert_equal("awesome", @node.name)
       end
 
       def test_child
-        assert child = @node.child
-        assert_equal('text', child.name)
+        assert(child = @node.child)
+        assert_equal("text", child.name)
       end
 
       def test_key?
-        assert node = @node.search('.//address').first
-        assert(!node.key?('asdfasdf'))
+        assert(node = @node.search(".//address").first)
+        refute(node.key?("asdfasdf"))
       end
 
       def test_set_property
-        assert node = @node.search('.//address').first
-        node['foo'] = 'bar'
-        assert_equal('bar', node['foo'])
+        assert(node = @node.search(".//address").first)
+        node["foo"] = "bar"
+        assert_equal("bar", node["foo"])
       end
 
       def test_attributes
-        assert node = @node.search('.//address').first
-        assert_nil(node['asdfasdfasdf'])
-        assert_equal('Yes', node['domestic'])
+        assert(node = @node.search(".//address").first)
+        assert_nil(node["asdfasdfasdf"])
+        assert_equal("Yes", node["domestic"])
 
-        assert node = @node.search('.//address')[2]
+        assert(node = @node.search(".//address")[2])
         attr = node.attributes
-        assert_equal 2, attr.size
-        assert_equal 'Yes', attr['domestic'].value
-        assert_equal 'Yes', attr['domestic'].to_s
-        assert_equal 'No', attr['street'].value
+        assert_equal(2, attr.size)
+        assert_equal("Yes", attr["domestic"].value)
+        assert_equal("Yes", attr["domestic"].to_s)
+        assert_equal("No", attr["street"].value)
       end
 
       def test_path
-        assert set = @node.search('.//employee')
-        assert node = set.first
-        assert_equal('/staff/employee[1]', node.path)
+        assert(set = @node.search(".//employee"))
+        assert(node = set.first)
+        assert_equal("/staff/employee[1]", node.path)
       end
 
       def test_search_by_symbol
-        assert set = @node.search(:employee)
-        assert 5, set.length
+        assert(set = @node.search(:employee))
+        assert_equal(5, set.length)
 
-        assert node = @node.at(:employee)
-        assert node.text =~ /EMP0001/
+        assert(node = @node.at(:employee))
+        assert_match(/EMP0001/, node.text)
       end
 
       def test_new_node
-        node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new('form', @node.document)
-        assert_equal('form', node.name)
+        node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("form", @node.document)
+        assert_equal("form", node.name)
         assert(node.document)
       end
 
       def test_encode_special_chars
-        foo = @node.css('employee').first.encode_special_chars('&')
-        assert_equal '&amp;', foo
+        foo = @node.css("employee").first.encode_special_chars("&")
+        assert_equal("&amp;", foo)
       end
 
       def test_content
-        node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new('form', @node)
-        assert_equal('', node.content)
+        node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("form", @node.document)
+        assert_equal("", node.content)
 
-        node.content = 'hello world!'
-        assert_equal('hello world!', node.content)
+        node.content = "hello world!"
+        assert_equal("hello world!", node.content)
       end
 
       def test_whitespace_nodes
         doc = Nokogiri::XML.parse("<root><b>Foo</b>\n<i>Bar</i> <p>Bazz</p></root>")
-        children = doc.at('.//root').children.collect(&:to_s)
-        assert_equal "\n", children[1]
-        assert_equal " ", children[3]
+        children = doc.at(".//root").children.collect(&:to_s)
+        assert_equal("\n", children[1])
+        assert_equal(" ", children[3])
       end
 
       def test_replace
-        set = @node.search('.//employee')
-        assert 5, set.length
-        assert 0, @node.search('.//form').length
+        set = @node.search(".//employee")
+        assert_equal(5, set.length)
+        assert_equal(0, @node.search(".//form").length)
 
         first = set[0]
         second = set[1]
 
-        node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new('form', @node)
+        node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("form", @node.document)
         first.replace(node)
 
-        assert set = @node.search('.//employee')
-        assert_equal 4, set.length
-        assert 1, @node.search('.//form').length
+        assert(set = @node.search(".//employee"))
+        assert_equal(4, set.length)
+        assert_equal(1, @node.search(".//form").length)
 
-        assert_equal set[0].to_xml, second.to_xml
+        assert_equal(set[0].to_xml, second.to_xml)
       end
 
       def test_replace_on_unparented_node
-        foo = Node.new('foo', @node.document)
+        foo = Node.new("foo", @node.document)
         assert_raises(RuntimeError) { @node.replace(foo) }
       end
 
       def test_illegal_replace_of_node_with_doc
-        new_node = Nokogiri::XML.parse('<foo>bar</foo>')
-        old_node = @node.at('.//employee')
-        assert_raises(ArgumentError){ old_node.replace new_node }
+        new_node = Nokogiri::XML.parse("<foo>bar</foo>")
+        old_node = @node.at(".//employee")
+        assert_raises(ArgumentError) { old_node.replace(new_node) }
       end
 
       def test_unlink_on_unlinked_node_1
-        node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new 'div', Nokogiri::XML::Document.new
+        node = Nokogiri::XML::Node.new("div", Nokogiri::XML::Document.new)
         node.unlink # must_not_raise
-        assert_nil node.parent
+        assert_nil(node.parent)
       end
 
       def test_unlink_on_unlinked_node_2
-        node = Nokogiri::XML('<div>foo</div>').at_css("div")
+        node = Nokogiri::XML("<div>foo</div>").at_css("div")
         node.unlink
         node.unlink # must_not_raise
-        assert_nil node.parent
+        assert_nil(node.parent)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_xinclude.rb b/test/xml/test_xinclude.rb
index 205f33c221..f61b285907 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_xinclude.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_xinclude.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
@@ -20,9 +22,9 @@ def test_xinclude_on_document_parse
           end
         end
 
-        assert_not_nil xml_doc
-        assert_not_nil included = xml_doc.at_xpath('//included')
-        assert_equal @included, included.content
+        refute_nil(xml_doc)
+        refute_nil(included = xml_doc.at_xpath("//included"))
+        assert_equal(@included, included.content)
 
         # no xinclude should happen when not requested
         xml_doc = nil
@@ -33,24 +35,24 @@ def test_xinclude_on_document_parse
           end
         end
 
-        assert_not_nil xml_doc
-        assert_nil xml_doc.at_xpath('//included')
+        refute_nil(xml_doc)
+        assert_nil(xml_doc.at_xpath("//included"))
       end
 
       def test_xinclude_on_document_node
         skip_unless_libxml2("Pure Java version turns XInlcude on against a parser.")
-        assert_nil @xml.at_xpath('//included')
+        assert_nil(@xml.at_xpath("//included"))
         @xml.do_xinclude
-        assert_not_nil included = @xml.at_xpath('//included')
-        assert_equal @included, included.content
+        refute_nil(included = @xml.at_xpath("//included"))
+        assert_equal(@included, included.content)
       end
 
       def test_xinclude_on_element_subtree
         skip_unless_libxml2("Pure Java version turns XInlcude on against a parser.")
-        assert_nil @xml.at_xpath('//included')
+        assert_nil(@xml.at_xpath("//included"))
         @xml.root.do_xinclude
-        assert_not_nil included = @xml.at_xpath('//included')
-        assert_equal @included, included.content
+        refute_nil(included = @xml.at_xpath("//included"))
+        assert_equal(@included, included.content)
       end
 
       def test_do_xinclude_accepts_block
@@ -58,26 +60,18 @@ def test_do_xinclude_accepts_block
           Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::XINCLUDE
 
         @xml.do_xinclude(non_default_options) do |options|
-          assert_equal non_default_options, options.to_i
+          assert_equal(non_default_options, options.to_i)
         end
       end
 
       def test_include_nonexistent_throws_exception
         skip_unless_libxml2("Pure Java version behaves differently")
-        # break inclusion deliberately
-        @xml.at_xpath('//xi:include')['href'] = "nonexistent.xml"
 
-        exception_raised = false
-        begin
-          @xml.do_xinclude { |opts| opts.nowarning }
-        rescue Exception => e
-          assert_equal Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError, e.class
-          exception_raised = true
+        @xml.at_xpath("//xi:include")["href"] = "nonexistent.xml"
+        assert_raises(Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError) do
+          @xml.do_xinclude(&:nowarning)
         end
-
-        assert exception_raised
       end
-
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/xml/test_xpath.rb b/test/xml/test_xpath.rb
index 271412a70f..8fae2ea39c 100644
--- a/test/xml/test_xpath.rb
+++ b/test/xml/test_xpath.rb
@@ -1,55 +1,50 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
   module XML
     class TestXPath < Nokogiri::TestCase
-
-      # ** WHY ALL THOSE _if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?_ **
-      # Hi, my dear readers,
       #
-      # After reading these tests you may be wondering why all those ugly
-      # if Nokogiri.uses_libxml? sparsed over the whole document. Well, let
-      # me explain it. While using XPath in Java, you need the extension
-      # functions to be in a namespace. This is not required by XPath, afaik,
-      # but it is an usual convention though.
+      # Note that many of these tests vary for jruby because custom xpath functions in JRuby require
+      # a namespace, and libxml2 (and the original implementation of Nokogiri) do not.
       #
-      # Yours truly,
+      # Ideally we should change this to always require a namespace.
+      # See https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2147
       #
-      # The guy whose headaches belong to Nokogiri JRuby impl.
-
-
       def setup
         super
 
         @xml = Nokogiri::XML.parse(File.read(XML_FILE), XML_FILE)
 
-        @handler = Class.new {
+        @handler = Class.new do
           attr_reader :things
 
           def initialize
+            super
             @things = []
           end
 
-          def thing thing
+          def thing(thing)
             @things << thing
             thing
           end
 
-          def another_thing thing
+          def another_thing(thing)
             @things << thing
             thing
           end
 
-          def returns_array node_set
+          def returns_array(node_set)
             @things << node_set.to_a
             node_set.to_a
           end
 
-          def my_filter set, attribute, value
+          def my_filter(set, attribute, value)
             set.find_all { |x| x[attribute] == value }
           end
 
-          def saves_node_set node_set
+          def saves_node_set(node_set)
             @things = node_set
           end
 
@@ -60,137 +55,145 @@ def value
           def anint
             1230456
           end
-        }.new
+        end.new
       end
 
       def test_variable_binding
-        assert_equal 4, @xml.xpath('//address[@domestic=$value]', nil, :value => 'Yes').length
+        assert_equal(4, @xml.xpath("//address[@domestic=$value]", nil, value: "Yes").length)
       end
 
       def test_variable_binding_with_search
-        assert_equal 4, @xml.search('//address[@domestic=$value]', nil, :value => 'Yes').length
+        assert_equal(4, @xml.search("//address[@domestic=$value]", nil, value: "Yes").length)
       end
 
       def test_unknown_attribute
-        assert_equal 0, @xml.xpath('//employee[@id="asdfasdf"]/@fooo').length
-        assert_nil @xml.xpath('//employee[@id="asdfasdf"]/@fooo')[0]
+        assert_equal(0, @xml.xpath('//employee[@id="asdfasdf"]/@fooo').length)
+        assert_nil(@xml.xpath('//employee[@id="asdfasdf"]/@fooo')[0])
       end
 
-      def test_boolean
-        assert_equal false, @xml.xpath('1 = 2')
+      def test_boolean_false
+        refute(@xml.xpath("1 = 2"))
       end
 
-      def test_number
-        assert_equal 2, @xml.xpath('1 + 1')
+      def test_boolean_true
+        assert(@xml.xpath("1 = 1"))
+      end
+
+      def test_number_integer
+        assert_equal(2, @xml.xpath("1 + 1"))
+      end
+
+      def test_number_float
+        assert_in_delta(1.5, @xml.xpath("1.5"))
       end
 
       def test_string
-        assert_equal 'foo', @xml.xpath('concat("fo", "o")')
+        assert_equal("foo", @xml.xpath('concat("fo", "o")'))
       end
 
       def test_node_search_with_multiple_queries
-        xml = '<document>
-                 <thing>
-                   <div class="title">important thing</div>
-                 </thing>
-                 <thing>
-                   <div class="content">stuff</div>
-                 </thing>
-                 <thing>
-                   <p class="blah">more stuff</div>
-                 </thing>
-               </document>'
+        xml = <<~EOF
+          <document>
+            <thing>
+              <div class="title">important thing</div>
+            </thing>
+            <thing>
+              <div class="content">stuff</div>
+            </thing>
+            <thing>
+              <p class="blah">more stuff</div>
+            </thing>
+          </document>
+        EOF
         node = Nokogiri::XML(xml).root
-        assert_kind_of Nokogiri::XML::Node, node
+        assert_kind_of(Nokogiri::XML::Node, node)
 
-        assert_equal 3, node.xpath('.//div', './/p').length
-        assert_equal 3, node.css('.title', '.content', 'p').length
-        assert_equal 3, node.search('.//div', 'p.blah').length
+        assert_equal(3, node.xpath(".//div", ".//p").length)
+        assert_equal(3, node.css(".title", ".content", "p").length)
+        assert_equal(3, node.search(".//div", "p.blah").length)
       end
 
       def test_css_search_with_ambiguous_integer_or_string_attributes
         # https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/711
         html = "<body><div><img width=200>"
         doc = Nokogiri::HTML(html)
-        assert_not_nil doc.at_css("img[width='200']")
-        assert_not_nil doc.at_css("img[width=200]")
+        refute_nil(doc.at_css("img[width='200']"))
+        refute_nil(doc.at_css("img[width=200]"))
       end
 
       def test_css_search_uses_custom_selectors_with_arguments
         set = @xml.css('employee > address:my_filter("domestic", "Yes")', @handler)
-        assert set.length > 0
+        refute_empty(set)
         set.each do |node|
-          assert_equal 'Yes', node['domestic']
+          assert_equal("Yes", node["domestic"])
         end
       end
 
       def test_css_search_uses_custom_selectors
-        set = @xml.xpath('//employee')
-        @xml.css('employee:thing()', @handler)
+        set = @xml.xpath("//employee")
+        @xml.css("employee:thing()", @handler)
         assert_equal(set.length, @handler.things.length)
         assert_equal(set.to_a, @handler.things.flatten)
       end
 
       def test_search_with_css_query_uses_custom_selectors_with_arguments
         set = @xml.search('employee > address:my_filter("domestic", "Yes")', @handler)
-        assert set.length > 0
+        refute_empty(set)
         set.each do |node|
-          assert_equal 'Yes', node['domestic']
+          assert_equal("Yes", node["domestic"])
         end
       end
 
       def test_search_with_xpath_query_uses_custom_selectors_with_arguments
         set = if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
-                @xml.search('//employee/address[my_filter(., "domestic", "Yes")]', @handler)
-              else
-                @xml.search('//employee/address[nokogiri:my_filter(., "domestic", "Yes")]', @handler)
-              end
-        assert set.length > 0
+          @xml.search('//employee/address[my_filter(., "domestic", "Yes")]', @handler)
+        else
+          @xml.search('//employee/address[nokogiri:my_filter(., "domestic", "Yes")]', @handler)
+        end
+        refute_empty(set)
         set.each do |node|
-          assert_equal 'Yes', node['domestic']
+          assert_equal("Yes", node["domestic"])
         end
       end
 
       def test_pass_self_to_function
         set = if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
-                @xml.xpath('//employee/address[my_filter(., "domestic", "Yes")]', @handler)
-              else
-                @xml.xpath('//employee/address[nokogiri:my_filter(., "domestic", "Yes")]', @handler)
-              end
-        assert set.length > 0
+          @xml.xpath('//employee/address[my_filter(., "domestic", "Yes")]', @handler)
+        else
+          @xml.xpath('//employee/address[nokogiri:my_filter(., "domestic", "Yes")]', @handler)
+        end
+        refute_empty(set)
         set.each do |node|
-          assert_equal 'Yes', node['domestic']
+          assert_equal("Yes", node["domestic"])
         end
       end
 
       def test_custom_xpath_function_gets_strings
-        set = @xml.xpath('//employee')
+        set = @xml.xpath("//employee")
         if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
           @xml.xpath('//employee[thing("asdf")]', @handler)
         else
           @xml.xpath('//employee[nokogiri:thing("asdf")]', @handler)
         end
         assert_equal(set.length, @handler.things.length)
-        assert_equal(['asdf'] * set.length, @handler.things)
-      end
-
-      def parse_params node
-        params={}
-        node.xpath('./param').each do |p|
-          subparams = parse_params p
-          if(subparams.length > 0)
-            if(not params.has_key? p.attributes['name'].value)
-              params[p.attributes['name'].value] = subparams
+        assert_equal(["asdf"] * set.length, @handler.things)
+      end
+
+      def parse_params(node)
+        params = {}
+        node.xpath("./param").each do |p|
+          subparams = parse_params(p)
+          if !subparams.empty?
+            if !params.key?(p.attributes["name"].value)
+              params[p.attributes["name"].value] = subparams
+            elsif params[p.attributes["name"].value].is_a?(Array)
+              params[p.attributes["name"].value] << subparams
             else
-              if(params[p.attributes['name'].value].is_a? Array)
-                params[p.attributes['name'].value] << subparams
-              else
-                value = params[p.attributes['name'].value]
-                params[p.attributes['name'].value] = [value,subparams]
-              end
+              value = params[p.attributes["name"].value]
+              params[p.attributes["name"].value] = [value, subparams]
             end
           else
-            params[p.attributes['name'].value]=p.text
+            params[p.attributes["name"].value] = p.text
           end
         end
         params
@@ -203,48 +206,48 @@ def test_slow_jruby_xpath
         doc = Nokogiri::XML(File.open(XPATH_FILE))
         start = Time.now
 
-        doc.xpath('.//category').each do |c|
-          c.xpath('programformats/programformat').each do |p|
-            p.xpath('./modules/module').each do |m|
-              parse_params m
+        doc.xpath(".//category").each do |c|
+          c.xpath("programformats/programformat").each do |p|
+            p.xpath("./modules/module").each do |m|
+              parse_params(m)
             end
           end
         end
         stop = Time.now
         elapsed_time = stop - start
         time_limit = 20
-        assert_send [elapsed_time, :<, time_limit], "XPath is taking too long"
+        assert_send([elapsed_time, :<, time_limit], "XPath is taking too long")
       end
 
       # issue #1109 (jruby impl's xpath() cache not being cleared on attr removal)
       def test_xpath_results_cache_should_get_cleared_on_attr_removal
         doc = Nokogiri::HTML('<html><div name="foo"></div></html>')
         element = doc.at_xpath('//div[@name="foo"]')
-        element.remove_attribute('name')
-        assert_nil doc.at_xpath('//div[@name="foo"]')
+        element.remove_attribute("name")
+        assert_nil(doc.at_xpath('//div[@name="foo"]'))
       end
 
       # issue #1109 (jruby impl's xpath() cache not being cleared on attr update )
       def test_xpath_results_cache_should_get_cleared_on_attr_update
         doc = Nokogiri::HTML('<html><div name="foo"></div></html>')
         element = doc.at_xpath('//div[@name="foo"]')
-        element['name'] = 'bar'
-        assert_nil doc.at_xpath('//div[@name="foo"]')
+        element["name"] = "bar"
+        assert_nil(doc.at_xpath('//div[@name="foo"]'))
       end
 
       def test_custom_xpath_function_returns_string
-        if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
-          result = @xml.xpath('thing("asdf")', @handler)
+        result = if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
+          @xml.xpath('thing("asdf")', @handler)
         else
-          result = @xml.xpath('nokogiri:thing("asdf")', @handler)
+          @xml.xpath('nokogiri:thing("asdf")', @handler)
         end
-        assert_equal 'asdf', result
+        assert_equal("asdf", result)
       end
 
       def test_custom_xpath_gets_true_booleans
-        set = @xml.xpath('//employee')
+        set = @xml.xpath("//employee")
         if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
-          @xml.xpath('//employee[thing(true())]', @handler)
+          @xml.xpath("//employee[thing(true())]", @handler)
         else
           @xml.xpath("//employee[nokogiri:thing(true())]", @handler)
         end
@@ -253,9 +256,9 @@ def test_custom_xpath_gets_true_booleans
       end
 
       def test_custom_xpath_gets_false_booleans
-        set = @xml.xpath('//employee')
+        set = @xml.xpath("//employee")
         if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
-          @xml.xpath('//employee[thing(false())]', @handler)
+          @xml.xpath("//employee[thing(false())]", @handler)
         else
           @xml.xpath("//employee[nokogiri:thing(false())]", @handler)
         end
@@ -264,33 +267,33 @@ def test_custom_xpath_gets_false_booleans
       end
 
       def test_custom_xpath_gets_numbers
-        set = @xml.xpath('//employee')
+        set = @xml.xpath("//employee")
         if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
-          @xml.xpath('//employee[thing(10)]', @handler)
+          @xml.xpath("//employee[thing(10)]", @handler)
         else
-          @xml.xpath('//employee[nokogiri:thing(10)]', @handler)
+          @xml.xpath("//employee[nokogiri:thing(10)]", @handler)
         end
         assert_equal(set.length, @handler.things.length)
         assert_equal([10] * set.length, @handler.things)
       end
 
       def test_custom_xpath_gets_node_sets
-        set = @xml.xpath('//employee/name')
+        set = @xml.xpath("//employee/name")
         if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
-          @xml.xpath('//employee[thing(name)]', @handler)
+          @xml.xpath("//employee[thing(name)]", @handler)
         else
-          @xml.xpath('//employee[nokogiri:thing(name)]', @handler)
+          @xml.xpath("//employee[nokogiri:thing(name)]", @handler)
         end
         assert_equal(set.length, @handler.things.length)
         assert_equal(set.to_a, @handler.things.flatten)
       end
 
       def test_custom_xpath_gets_node_sets_and_returns_array
-        set = @xml.xpath('//employee/name')
+        set = @xml.xpath("//employee/name")
         if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
-          @xml.xpath('//employee[returns_array(name)]', @handler)
+          @xml.xpath("//employee[returns_array(name)]", @handler)
         else
-          @xml.xpath('//employee[nokogiri:returns_array(name)]', @handler)
+          @xml.xpath("//employee[nokogiri:returns_array(name)]", @handler)
         end
         assert_equal(set.length, @handler.things.length)
         assert_equal(set.to_a, @handler.things.flatten)
@@ -298,22 +301,22 @@ def test_custom_xpath_gets_node_sets_and_returns_array
 
       def test_custom_xpath_handler_is_passed_a_decorated_node_set
         x = Module.new do
-          def awesome! ; end
+          def awesome!; end
         end
         util_decorate(@xml, x)
 
-        assert @xml.xpath('//employee/name')
+        assert(@xml.xpath("//employee/name"))
 
-        @xml.xpath('//employee[saves_node_set(name)]', @handler)
-        assert_equal @xml, @handler.things.document
-        assert @handler.things.respond_to?(:awesome!)
+        @xml.xpath("//employee[saves_node_set(name)]", @handler)
+        assert_equal(@xml, @handler.things.document)
+        assert_respond_to(@handler.things, :awesome!)
       end
 
       def test_code_that_invokes_OP_RESET_inside_libxml2
         doc = "<html><body id='foo'><foo>hi</foo></body></html>"
         xpath = 'id("foo")//foo'
         nokogiri = Nokogiri::HTML.parse(doc)
-        assert nokogiri.xpath(xpath)
+        assert(nokogiri.xpath(xpath))
       end
 
       def test_custom_xpath_handler_with_args_under_gc_pressure
@@ -324,7 +327,7 @@ def test_custom_xpath_handler_with_args_under_gc_pressure
           tool_inspector = Class.new do
             def name_equals(nodeset, name, *args)
               nodeset.all? do |node|
-                args.each { |thing| thing.inspect }
+                args.each(&:inspect)
                 node["name"] == name
               end
             end
@@ -335,51 +338,52 @@ def name_equals(nodeset, name, *args)
               #{"<tool name='hammer'/><tool name='wrench'/>" * 10}
             </toolbox>
           EOXML
-          doc = Nokogiri::XML xml
+          doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml)
 
           # long list of long arguments, to apply GC pressure during
           # ruby_funcall argument marshalling
           xpath = ["//tool[name_equals(.,'hammer'"]
-          1000.times { xpath << "'unused argument #{'x' * 1000}'" }
+          500.times { xpath << "'unused argument #{"x" * 1000}'" }
           xpath << "'unused argument')]"
-          xpath = xpath.join(',')
+          xpath = xpath.join(",")
 
-          assert_equal doc.xpath("//tool[@name='hammer']"), doc.xpath(xpath, tool_inspector)
+          assert_equal(doc.xpath("//tool[@name='hammer']"), doc.xpath(xpath, tool_inspector))
         end
       end
 
       def test_custom_xpath_without_arguments
-        if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
-          value = @xml.xpath('value()', @handler)
+        value = if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
+          @xml.xpath("value()", @handler)
         else
-          value = @xml.xpath('nokogiri:value()', @handler)
+          @xml.xpath("nokogiri:value()", @handler)
         end
-        assert_equal 123.456, value
+        assert_in_delta(123.456, value)
       end
 
       def test_custom_xpath_without_arguments_returning_int
-        if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
-          value = @xml.xpath('anint()', @handler)
+        value = if Nokogiri.uses_libxml?
+          @xml.xpath("anint()", @handler)
         else
-          value = @xml.xpath('nokogiri:anint()', @handler)
+          @xml.xpath("nokogiri:anint()", @handler)
         end
-        assert_equal 1230456, value
+        assert_equal(1230456, value)
       end
 
       def test_custom_xpath_with_bullshit_arguments
-        xml = %q{<foo> </foo>}
+        xml = "<foo> </foo>"
         doc = Nokogiri::XML.parse(xml)
-        foo = doc.xpath('//foo[bool_function(bar/baz)]', Class.new {
+        foo = doc.xpath("//foo[bool_function(bar/baz)]",
+          Class.new do
             def bool_function(value)
               true
             end
-          }.new)
-        assert_equal foo, doc.xpath("//foo")
+          end.new)
+        assert_equal(foo, doc.xpath("//foo"))
       end
 
       def test_node_set_should_be_decorated
         # "called decorate on nil" exception in JRuby issue#514
-        process_output= <<~END
+        process_output = <<~END
           <test>
             <track type="Image">
             <Format>LZ77</Format>
@@ -387,63 +391,66 @@ def test_node_set_should_be_decorated
         END
         doc = Nokogiri::XML.parse(process_output)
         node = doc.xpath(%{//track[@type='Video']})
-        assert_equal "[]", node.xpath("Format").inspect
+        assert_equal("[]", node.xpath("Format").inspect)
       end
 
       def test_very_specific_xml_xpath_making_problems_in_jruby
         # manually merges pull request #681
-        xml_string = %q{<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-        <ONIXMessage xmlns:elibri="http://elibri.com.pl/ns/extensions" release="3.0" xmlns="http://www.editeur.org/onix/3.0/reference">
-          <Product>
-            <RecordReference>a</RecordReference>
-          </Product>
-        </ONIXMessage>}
-
+        xml_string = <<~EOF
+          <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+          <ONIXMessage xmlns:elibri="http://elibri.com.pl/ns/extensions" release="3.0" xmlns="http://www.editeur.org/onix/3.0/reference">
+            <Product>
+              <RecordReference>a</RecordReference>
+            </Product>
+          </ONIXMessage>
+        EOF
         xml_doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml_string)
         onix = xml_doc.children.first
-        assert_equal 'a', onix.at_xpath('xmlns:Product').at_xpath('xmlns:RecordReference').text
+        assert_equal("a", onix.at_xpath("xmlns:Product").at_xpath("xmlns:RecordReference").text)
       end
 
       def test_xpath_after_attribute_change
-        xml_string = %q{<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-        <mods version="3.0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-0.xsd" xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
-          <titleInfo>
+        xml_string = <<~EOF
+          <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+          <mods version="3.0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-0.xsd" xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
+            <titleInfo>
               <nonSort>THE</nonSort>
               <title xml:lang="eng">ARTICLE TITLE HYDRANGEA ARTICLE 1</title>
               <subTitle>SUBTITLE</subTitle>
-          </titleInfo>
-          <titleInfo lang="finnish">
+            </titleInfo>
+            <titleInfo lang="finnish">
               <title>Artikkelin otsikko Hydrangea artiklan 1</title>
-          </titleInfo>
-        </mods>}
-
+            </titleInfo>
+          </mods>
+        EOF
         xml_doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml_string)
-        ns_hash = {'mods'=>'http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3'}
-        node = xml_doc.at_xpath('//mods:titleInfo[1]',ns_hash)
-        node['lang'] = 'english'
-        assert_equal 1, xml_doc.xpath('//mods:titleInfo[1]/@lang',ns_hash).length
-        assert_equal 'english', xml_doc.xpath('//mods:titleInfo[1]/@lang',ns_hash).first.value
+        ns_hash = { "mods" => "http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" }
+        node = xml_doc.at_xpath("//mods:titleInfo[1]", ns_hash)
+        node["lang"] = "english"
+        assert_equal(1, xml_doc.xpath("//mods:titleInfo[1]/@lang", ns_hash).length)
+        assert_equal("english", xml_doc.xpath("//mods:titleInfo[1]/@lang", ns_hash).first.value)
       end
 
       def test_xpath_after_element_removal
-        xml_string = %q{<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-        <mods version="3.0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-0.xsd" xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
-          <titleInfo>
+        xml_string = <<~EOF
+          <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+          <mods version="3.0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-0.xsd" xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
+            <titleInfo>
               <nonSort>THE</nonSort>
               <title xml:lang="eng">ARTICLE TITLE HYDRANGEA ARTICLE 1</title>
               <subTitle>SUBTITLE</subTitle>
-          </titleInfo>
-          <titleInfo lang="finnish">
+            </titleInfo>
+            <titleInfo lang="finnish">
               <title>Artikkelin otsikko Hydrangea artiklan 1</title>
-          </titleInfo>
-        </mods>}
-
+            </titleInfo>
+          </mods>
+        EOF
         xml_doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml_string)
-        ns_hash = {'mods'=>'http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3'}
-        node = xml_doc.at_xpath('//mods:titleInfo[1]',ns_hash)
+        ns_hash = { "mods" => "http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" }
+        node = xml_doc.at_xpath("//mods:titleInfo[1]", ns_hash)
         node.remove
-        assert_equal 1, xml_doc.xpath('//mods:titleInfo',ns_hash).length
-        assert_equal 'finnish', xml_doc.xpath('//mods:titleInfo[1]/@lang',ns_hash).first.value
+        assert_equal(1, xml_doc.xpath("//mods:titleInfo", ns_hash).length)
+        assert_equal("finnish", xml_doc.xpath("//mods:titleInfo[1]/@lang", ns_hash).first.value)
       end
 
       def test_xpath_after_reset_doc_via_innerhtml
@@ -457,17 +464,38 @@ def test_xpath_after_reset_doc_via_innerhtml
         doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml)
         doc.inner_html = doc.inner_html
         sections = doc.xpath(".//text:section[@name='Section1']")
-        assert_equal 1, sections.size
-        assert_equal "[TEXT_INSIDE_SECTION]", sections.first.text
+        assert_equal(1, sections.size)
+        assert_equal("[TEXT_INSIDE_SECTION]", sections.first.text)
+      end
+
+      def test_xpath_syntax_error_should_not_display_line_and_column_if_both_are_zero
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML("<ns1:Root></ns1:Root>")
+        e = assert_raises(Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError) do
+          doc.xpath("//ns1:Root")
+        end
+        refute_includes(e.message, "0:0")
       end
 
-      def test_xpath_syntax_error
-        doc = Nokogiri::XML('<ns1:Root></ns1:Root>')
-        begin
-          doc.xpath('//ns1:Root')
-        rescue => e
-          assert_equal false, e.message.include?('0:0')
+      def test_huge_xpath_query
+        if Nokogiri::VersionInfo.instance.libxml2_using_system? && Nokogiri.uses_libxml?([">= 2.9.11", "< 2.9.13"])
+          skip("upstream libxml2 3e1aad4f")
+        end
+
+        # real world example from https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2257
+        query = File.read(File.join(ASSETS_DIR, "huge-xpath-query.txt"))
+
+        doc = Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse("<root></root>")
+        handler = Class.new do
+          def seconds(context)
+            42
+          end
+
+          def add(context, rhs)
+            42
+          end
         end
+        result = doc.xpath(query, { "ct" => "https://test.nokogiri.org/ct", "date" => "https://test.nokogiri.org/date" }, handler.new)
+        assert(result)
       end
 
       describe "nokogiri-builtin:css-class xpath function" do
@@ -476,13 +504,13 @@ def test_xpath_syntax_error
         end
 
         it "accepts exactly two arguments" do
-          assert_raise(Nokogiri::XML::XPath::SyntaxError) do
+          assert_raises(Nokogiri::XML::XPath::SyntaxError) do
             @doc.xpath("nokogiri-builtin:css-class()")
           end
-          assert_raise(Nokogiri::XML::XPath::SyntaxError) do
+          assert_raises(Nokogiri::XML::XPath::SyntaxError) do
             @doc.xpath("nokogiri-builtin:css-class('one')")
           end
-          assert_raise(Nokogiri::XML::XPath::SyntaxError) do
+          assert_raises(Nokogiri::XML::XPath::SyntaxError) do
             @doc.xpath("nokogiri-builtin:css-class('one', 'two', 'three')")
           end
 
@@ -523,7 +551,7 @@ def test_xpath_syntax_error
 
         # see xmlIsBlank_ch()
         [" ", "\t", "\n", "\r"].each do |ws|
-          it "only matches complete whitespace-delimited words (#{sprintf("0x%02X", ws.bytes.first)})" do
+          it "only matches complete whitespace-delimited words (#{format("0x%02X", ws.bytes.first)})" do
             assert(@doc.xpath("nokogiri-builtin:css-class('a#{ws}qwer#{ws}b', 'qwer')"))
             refute(@doc.xpath("nokogiri-builtin:css-class('a#{ws}qwer#{ws}b', 'q')"))
             refute(@doc.xpath("nokogiri-builtin:css-class('a#{ws}qwer#{ws}b', 'qw')"))
@@ -553,25 +581,147 @@ def collision(nodes)
 
         it "handles multiple handler function calls" do
           # test that jruby handles this case identically to C
-          result = @xml.xpath('//employee[thing(.)]/employeeId[another_thing(.)]', @handler)
+          result = @xml.xpath("//employee[thing(.)]/employeeId[another_thing(.)]", @handler)
           assert_equal(5, result.length)
           assert_equal(10, @handler.things.length)
         end
 
         it "doesn't get confused by an XPath function, flavor 1" do
           # test that it doesn't get confused by an XPath function
-          result = @xml.xpath('//employee[thing(.)]/employeeId[last()]', @handler)
+          result = @xml.xpath("//employee[thing(.)]/employeeId[last()]", @handler)
           assert_equal(5, result.length)
           assert_equal(5, @handler.things.length)
         end
 
         it "doesn't get confused by an XPath function, flavor 2" do
           # test that it doesn't get confused by an XPath function
-          result = @xml.xpath('//employee[last()]/employeeId[thing(.)]', @handler)
+          result = @xml.xpath("//employee[last()]/employeeId[thing(.)]", @handler)
           assert_equal(1, result.length)
           assert_equal(1, @handler.things.length)
         end
       end
+
+      describe "Document#xpath_doctype" do
+        it "Nokogiri::XML::Document" do
+          assert_equal(
+            Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::DoctypeConfig::XML,
+            Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse("<root></root>").xpath_doctype,
+          )
+          assert_equal(
+            Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::DoctypeConfig::XML,
+            Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.parse("<root></root>").document.xpath_doctype,
+          )
+        end
+
+        it "Nokogiri::HTML4::Document" do
+          assert_equal(
+            Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::DoctypeConfig::HTML4,
+            Nokogiri::HTML4::Document.parse("<root></root>").xpath_doctype,
+          )
+          assert_equal(
+            Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::DoctypeConfig::HTML4,
+            Nokogiri::HTML4::DocumentFragment.parse("<root></root>").document.xpath_doctype,
+          )
+        end
+
+        it "Nokogiri::HTML5::Document" do
+          skip("HTML5 is not supported") unless defined?(Nokogiri::HTML5)
+          assert_equal(
+            Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::DoctypeConfig::HTML5,
+            Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.parse("<root></root>").xpath_doctype,
+          )
+          assert_equal(
+            Nokogiri::CSS::XPathVisitor::DoctypeConfig::HTML5,
+            Nokogiri::HTML5::DocumentFragment.parse("<root></root>").document.xpath_doctype,
+          )
+        end
+      end
+
+      describe "HTML5 foreign elements" do
+        # https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2376
+        let(:html) { <<~HTML }
+          <!DOCTYPE html>
+          <html>
+            <body>
+              <div id="svg-container">
+                <svg version="1.1" width="300" height="200" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
+                  <rect width="100%" height="100%" fill="red" />
+                  <circle cx="150" cy="100" r="80" fill="green" />
+                  <text x="150" y="125" font-size="60" text-anchor="middle" fill="white">SVG</text>
+                </svg>
+              </div>
+            </body>
+          </html>
+        HTML
+
+        let(:ns) { { "nsfoo" => "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" } }
+
+        describe "in an XML doc" do
+          let(:doc) { Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse(html) }
+
+          it "requires namespace in XPath queries" do
+            assert_empty(doc.xpath("//svg"))
+            refute_empty(doc.xpath("//nsfoo:svg", ns))
+          end
+
+          it "requires namespace in CSS queries" do
+            assert_empty(doc.css("svg"))
+            refute_empty(doc.css("nsfoo|svg", ns))
+          end
+        end
+
+        describe "in an HTML4 doc" do
+          let(:doc) { Nokogiri::HTML4::Document.parse(html) }
+
+          it "omits namespace in XPath queries" do
+            refute_empty(doc.xpath("//svg"))
+            assert_empty(doc.xpath("//nsfoo:svg", ns))
+          end
+
+          it "omits namespace in CSS queries" do
+            refute_empty(doc.css("svg"))
+            assert_empty(doc.css("nsfoo|svg", ns))
+          end
+        end
+
+        describe "in an HTML5 doc" do
+          let(:doc) { Nokogiri::HTML5::Document.parse(html) }
+
+          it "requires namespace in XPath queries" do
+            skip("HTML5 is not supported") unless defined?(Nokogiri::HTML5)
+            assert_empty(doc.xpath("//svg"))
+            refute_empty(doc.xpath("//nsfoo:svg", ns))
+          end
+
+          it "omits namespace in CSS queries" do
+            skip("HTML5 is not supported") unless defined?(Nokogiri::HTML5)
+            refute_empty(doc.css("svg"))
+            refute_empty(doc.css("nsfoo|svg", ns)) # if they specify the valid ns, use it
+            assert_empty(doc.css("nsbar|svg", { "nsbar" => "http://example.com/nsbar" }))
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      describe "XPath wildcard namespaces" do
+        let(:xml) { <<~XML }
+          <root xmlns:ns1="http://nokogiri.org/ns1" xmlns:ns2="http://nokogiri.org/ns2">
+            <ns1:child>ns1 child</ns1:child>
+            <ns2:child>ns2 child</ns2:child>
+            <child>plain child</child>
+          </root>
+        XML
+
+        let(:doc) { Nokogiri::XML::Document.parse(xml) }
+
+        it "allows namespace wildcards" do
+          skip_unless_libxml2_patch("0009-allow-wildcard-namespaces.patch")
+
+          assert_equal(1, doc.xpath("//n:child", { "n" => "http://nokogiri.org/ns1" }).length)
+          assert_equal(3, doc.xpath("//*:child").length)
+          assert_equal(1, doc.xpath("//self::n:child", { "n" => "http://nokogiri.org/ns1" }).length)
+          assert_equal(3, doc.xpath("//self::*:child").length)
+        end
+      end
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/xslt/test_custom_functions.rb b/test/xslt/test_custom_functions.rb
index 01daba28dd..1d6e5213c2 100644
--- a/test/xslt/test_custom_functions.rb
+++ b/test/xslt/test_custom_functions.rb
@@ -41,19 +41,19 @@ def capitalize(nodes)
             xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
             xmlns:f="http://e.org/functions"
             extension-element-prefixes="f">
-            <xsl:template match="text()">
-              <xsl:copy-of select="f:capitalize(.)"/>
-            </xsl:template>
             <xsl:template match="@*|node()">
               <xsl:copy>
                 <xsl:apply-templates select="@*|node()"/>
                 <xsl:apply-imports/>
               </xsl:copy>
             </xsl:template>
+            <xsl:template match="text()">
+              <xsl:copy-of select="f:capitalize(.)"/>
+            </xsl:template>
           </xsl:stylesheet>
         EOXSL
         result = xsl.transform(@xml)
-        assert_match(/FOO/, result.css('title').first.text)
+        assert_match(/FOO/, result.css("title").first.text)
       end
 
       def test_function_arguments
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ def test_function_arguments
           # Minitest 5 uses `self.assertions` in `assert()` which is not
           # defined in the Minitest::Assertions module :-(
           attr_writer :assertions
+
           def assertions
             @assertions ||= 0
           end
@@ -108,19 +109,19 @@ def america(nodes)
             xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
             xmlns:f="http://e.org/functions"
             extension-element-prefixes="f">
-            <xsl:template match="text()">
-              <xsl:copy-of select="f:america(.)"/>
-            </xsl:template>
             <xsl:template match="@*|node()">
               <xsl:copy>
                 <xsl:apply-templates select="@*|node()"/>
                 <xsl:apply-imports/>
               </xsl:copy>
             </xsl:template>
+            <xsl:template match="text()">
+              <xsl:copy-of select="f:america(.)"/>
+            </xsl:template>
           </xsl:stylesheet>
         EOXSL
         result = xsl.transform(@xml)
-        assert_match(/FOO/, result.css('title').first.text)
+        assert_match(/FOO/, result.css("title").first.text)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/xslt/test_exception_handling.rb b/test/xslt/test_exception_handling.rb
index a74d3e95cb..1082dc4d29 100644
--- a/test/xslt/test_exception_handling.rb
+++ b/test/xslt/test_exception_handling.rb
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "helper"
 
 module Nokogiri
   module XSLT
     class TestExceptionHandling < Nokogiri::TestCase
       def test_java_exception_handling
-        skip_unless_jruby('This test is for Java only')
+        skip_unless_jruby("This test is for Java only")
 
         xml = Nokogiri.XML(<<~EOXML)
           <foo>
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ def test_java_exception_handling
         end
 
         assert_match(/Can't have more than one root/, e.to_s,
-                     'The exception message does not contain the expected information')
+          "The exception message does not contain the expected information")
       end
     end
   end