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grammar.js
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grammar.js
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module.exports = grammar({
name: "nu",
word: $ => $.identifier,
extras: $ => [/\s/, $.comment],
rules: {
/// File
nu_script: $ => seq(
optional($.shebang),
repeat(choice(
$._declaration,
// NOTE:
// in a script, this is not a legal top level item, this is
// only here to cover `config.nu` and `env.nu`
prec(-1, $._statement),
))
),
shebang: $ => seq('#!', /.*\n/),
/// Identifiers
// NOTE:
// for simplicity, i used the `rust` definition of an identifier
// but in `nu` the rule is way more relaxed than this
cmd_identifier: $ => token(/[_\p{XID_Start}][_\-\p{XID_Continue}]*/),
identifier: $ => token(/[_\p{XID_Start}][_\p{XID_Continue}]*/),
_command_name: $ => choice(
field("unquoted_name", $.cmd_identifier),
field("quoted_name", $.val_string),
),
_variable_name: $ => choice(
field("var_name", $.identifier),
field("dollar_name", $.val_variable),
),
_terminator: $ => choice(
seq(PUNC().semicolon, '\n'),
PUNC().semicolon,
'\n',
),
/// Top Level Items
_declaration: $ => seq(
choice(
$.decl_alias,
$.decl_def,
$.decl_export,
$.decl_extern,
$.decl_module,
$.decl_use,
),
optional($._terminator),
),
decl_alias: $ => seq(
optional(MODIFIER().visibility),
KEYWORD().alias,
field("name", $._command_name),
PUNC().eq,
field("value", $.pipeline),
),
decl_def: $ => seq(
optional(MODIFIER().visibility),
choice(KEYWORD().def, KEYWORD().def_env),
field("name", $._command_name),
field("parameters", choice($.parameter_parens, $.parameter_bracks)),
field("body", $.block),
),
decl_export: $ => seq(
KEYWORD().export_env,
field("body", $.block),
),
decl_extern: $ => seq(
optional(MODIFIER().visibility),
KEYWORD().extern,
field("name", $._command_name),
field("signature", choice($.parameter_parens, $.parameter_bracks)),
),
decl_module: $ => seq(
optional(MODIFIER().visibility),
KEYWORD().module,
field("name", $._command_name),
field("body", $.block),
),
decl_use: $ => prec.right(1, seq(
optional(MODIFIER().visibility),
KEYWORD().use,
field("module", choice(
$.val_string,
$.unquoted,
)),
optional(field("import_pattern", $.scope_pattern)),
)),
/// Parameters
parameter_parens: $ => seq(
BRACK().open_paren,
repeat($.parameter),
BRACK().close_paren,
),
parameter_bracks: $ => seq(
BRACK().open_brack,
repeat($.parameter),
BRACK().close_brack,
),
parameter_pipes: $ => seq(
PUNC().pipe,
repeat($.parameter),
PUNC().pipe,
),
parameter: $ => seq(
choice(
$._param_name,
field("param_long_flag", $.param_long_flag),
field("param_long_flag", seq(
$.param_long_flag,
field("flag_capsule", $.flag_capsule),
)),
),
optional(choice(
$.param_type,
$.param_value,
seq($.param_value, $.param_type),
seq($.param_type, $.param_value),
)),
optional(PUNC().comma),
),
_param_name: $ => choice(
field("param_rest", $.param_rest),
field("param_optional", $.param_opt),
field("param_name", seq(optional("$"), $.identifier)),
field("param_short_flag", $.param_short_flag),
),
param_type: $ => seq(
PUNC().colon,
field("type", choice(
$.list_type,
$.collection_type,
$.flat_type,
)),
field("completion", optional($.param_cmd)),
),
param_value: $ => seq(
PUNC().eq,
field("param_value", $._expression),
),
flat_type: $ => field("flat_type", FLAT_TYPES()),
collection_type: $ => {
const key = field("key", choice(
$.identifier,
alias($.val_string, $.identifier),
));
return seq(
choice("record", "table"),
seq(
token.immediate(BRACK().open_angle),
repeat(seq(
seq(key, optional(seq(PUNC().colon, $.flat_type))),
optional(PUNC().comma),
)),
BRACK().close_angle,
),
)
},
list_type: $ => seq(
"list",
seq(
token.immediate(BRACK().open_angle),
field("inner", optional($.flat_type)),
BRACK().close_angle
),
),
param_cmd: $ => seq(
PUNC().at,
field("name", $._command_name),
),
param_rest: $ => seq(
PUNC().rest,
field("name", $.identifier),
),
param_opt: $ => seq(
field("name", $.identifier),
token.immediate(PUNC().question),
),
param_long_flag: $ => seq(
"--",
$.identifier,
),
flag_capsule: $ => seq(
BRACK().open_paren,
$.param_short_flag,
BRACK().close_paren,
),
param_short_flag: $ => seq(
"-",
field("name", token.immediate(/[a-zA-Z0-9]/)),
),
/// Statements
_statement: $ => seq(
choice(
$._control,
$._stmt_hide,
$._stmt_overlay,
$.stmt_let,
$.stmt_mut,
$.stmt_const,
$.stmt_register,
$.stmt_source,
$.assignment,
$.pipeline
),
optional($._terminator),
),
/// Controls
_control: $ => choice(
$._ctrl_statement,
$._ctrl_expression,
),
// control statements cannot be used in pipeline because they
// do not return values
_ctrl_statement: $ => choice(
$.ctrl_for,
$.ctrl_loop,
$.ctrl_while,
$.ctrl_error,
),
// control expressions *return values and can be used in pipelines
//
// * `break` and `continue` do not return values (yet?) but can be
// used in pipelines
_ctrl_expression: $ => choice(
field("ctrl_break", KEYWORD().break),
field("ctrl_continue", KEYWORD().continue),
$.ctrl_do,
$.ctrl_if,
$.ctrl_try,
$.ctrl_match,
$.ctrl_return,
),
// Standalone Controls
ctrl_for: $ => seq(
// `for` has the `--numbered` flag
KEYWORD().for,
optional($._flag),
field("looping_var", $._variable_name),
optional($._flag),
KEYWORD().in,
optional($._flag),
field("iterable", $._expression),
optional($._flag),
field("body", $.block),
),
ctrl_loop: $ => seq(
KEYWORD().loop,
field("body", $.block),
),
ctrl_error: $ => seq(
KEYWORD().error,
MODIFIER().error_make,
optional($._flag),
field("error_record", $.val_record),
),
ctrl_while: $ => seq(
KEYWORD().while,
field("condition", $._expression),
field("body", $.block),
),
// Nestable Controls
ctrl_do: $ => prec.left(-1, seq(
// `do` has 4 flags, is there a better way to do this?
KEYWORD().do,
optional($._flag),
optional($._flag),
optional($._flag),
optional($._flag),
choice($._blosure, $.val_variable),
optional($._flag),
optional($._flag),
optional($._flag),
optional($._flag),
optional($._expression),
optional($._flag),
optional($._flag),
optional($._flag),
optional($._flag),
)),
ctrl_if: $ => seq(
KEYWORD().if,
field("condition", choice($._expression, $.identifier)),
field("then_branch", $.block),
optional(seq(
KEYWORD().else,
choice(
field("else_block", $.block),
field("else_branch", $.ctrl_if),
),
))
),
ctrl_match: $ => seq(
KEYWORD().match,
field("scrutinee", $._expression),
BRACK().open_brace,
repeat($.match_arm),
optional($.default_arm),
BRACK().close_brace,
),
match_arm: $ => seq(
field("pattern", $.match_pattern),
PUNC().fat_arrow,
field("expression", $._expression),
optional(PUNC().comma),
),
default_arm: $ => seq(
field("default_pattern", PUNC().underscore),
PUNC().fat_arrow,
field("expression", $._expression),
optional(PUNC().comma),
),
match_pattern: $ => choice(
$._match_or_pattern,
$._match_list_destructure_pattern,
),
_match_or_pattern: $ => seq(
$._expression,
repeat(seq(
PUNC().pipe,
$._expression,
)),
),
_match_list_destructure_pattern: $ => prec(1, seq(
BRACK().open_brack,
field("head", seq(PUNC().dollar, $.identifier)),
optional(PUNC().comma),
field("tail", seq(PUNC().dot, PUNC().dot, PUNC().dollar, $.identifier)),
BRACK().close_brack,
)),
ctrl_try: $ => seq(
KEYWORD().try,
field("try_branch", $.block),
optional(seq(
KEYWORD().catch,
field("catch_branch", $._blosure),
)),
),
ctrl_return: $ => choice(
prec(1, seq(
KEYWORD().return,
choice(
$._expression,
$.ctrl_do,
$.ctrl_if,
$.ctrl_try,
$.ctrl_match,
))
),
KEYWORD().return,
),
/// Storage statements
stmt_let: $ => prec.right(1, seq(
choice(KEYWORD().let, KEYWORD().let_env),
$._assignment_pattern,
)),
stmt_mut: $ => prec.right(1, seq(
KEYWORD().mut,
$._assignment_pattern,
)),
stmt_const: $ => prec.right(1, seq(
KEYWORD().const,
$._assignment_pattern,
)),
_assignment_pattern: $ => seq(
field("name", $._variable_name),
PUNC().eq,
field("value", $.pipeline),
),
/// Scope Statements
stmt_source: $ => seq(
choice(KEYWORD().source, KEYWORD().source_env),
field("file", choice(alias($.unquoted, $.val_string), $.val_variable)),
),
stmt_register: $ => prec.left(-1, seq(
KEYWORD().register,
field("plugin", choice(alias($.unquoted, $.val_string), $.val_variable)),
field("signature", optional($.val_record)),
)),
_stmt_hide: $ => choice(
$.hide_mod,
$.hide_env,
),
hide_mod: $ => prec.right(1, seq(
KEYWORD().hide,
field("module", $._command_name),
optional($.scope_pattern),
)),
hide_env: $ => seq(
KEYWORD().hide_env,
field("variable", $._variable_name),
),
_stmt_overlay: $ => choice(
$.overlay_hide,
$.overlay_list,
$.overlay_new,
$.overlay_use,
),
overlay_list: $ => seq(
KEYWORD().overlay,
MODIFIER().overlay_list,
),
overlay_hide: $ => prec.right(5, seq(
KEYWORD().overlay,
MODIFIER().overlay_hide,
field("overlay", $._command_name),
)),
overlay_new: $ => seq(
KEYWORD().overlay,
MODIFIER().overlay_new,
$._command_name,
),
overlay_use: $ => prec.right(1, seq(
KEYWORD().overlay,
MODIFIER().overlay_use,
repeat($._flag),
field("overlay", $.identifier),
repeat($._flag),
optional(seq(
KEYWORD().as,
field("rename", $._command_name)
)),
)),
scope_pattern: $ => choice(
field("wildcard", $.wild_card),
field("command", $._command_name),
field("command_list", $.command_list),
),
wild_card: $ => token("*"),
command_list: $ => seq(
BRACK().open_brack,
repeat(seq(
field("cmd", $._command_name),
optional(PUNC().comma),
)),
BRACK().close_brack,
),
/// Assignment Statement
assignment: $ => {
const opr = [
PUNC().eq,
OPR().assign_add,
OPR().assign_sub,
OPR().assign_mul,
OPR().assign_div,
OPR().assign_append,
];
return prec.left(PREC().assignment, seq(
field("lhs", $.val_variable),
field("opr", choice(...opr)),
field("rhs", $.pipeline),
));
},
/// Block
block: $ => seq(
BRACK().open_brace,
repeat(choice(
$._declaration,
$._statement,
)),
BRACK().close_brace,
),
_blosure: $ => choice(
$.block,
$.val_closure,
),
/// Pipeline
pipeline: $ => prec(-69, seq(
$.pipe_element,
repeat(seq(
PUNC().pipe,
$.pipe_element
)),
)),
pipe_element: $ => prec(-1, choice(
prec.right(69, $._expression),
$._ctrl_expression,
$.where_command,
$.command,
)),
// the where command has a unique argument pattern that breaks the
// general command parsing, so we handle it separately
where_command: $ => seq(
"where",
$._where_predicate,
),
_where_predicate: $ => choice(...TABLE().map(([precedence, opr]) => prec.left(precedence, seq(
field("lhs", choice(
seq(
choice(
alias($.identifier, $.val_string),
$.val_number,
),
optional(PUNC().question),
optional($.cell_path),
),
$.val_variable
)),
optional(seq(
field("opr", opr),
field("rhs", choice(
$._expression,
$._where_predicate,
))
))
)))),
/// Expressions
_expression: $ => choice(
$._value,
$.expr_binary,
$.expr_unary,
$.val_range,
$.expr_parenthesized,
),
/// Composite Expressions
expr_unary: $ => {
const after_not = choice(
$.val_bool,
$.expr_parenthesized,
$.val_variable,
$.expr_unary,
);
return choice(
seq(OPR().not, after_not),
seq(
OPR().minus,
alias(
seq(
// ensure the expression immediately follows the
// opening paren
token.immediate(BRACK().open_paren),
$.pipeline,
BRACK().close_paren
),
$.expr_parenthesized
)
),
);
},
expr_binary: $ => choice(
...TABLE().map(([precedence, opr]) => prec.right(precedence, seq(
field("lhs", $._expression),
field("opr", opr),
field("rhs", $._expression),
))),
),
expr_parenthesized: $ => seq(
BRACK().open_paren,
optional($.pipeline),
BRACK().close_paren,
optional($.cell_path),
),
val_range: $ => {
const opr = choice(
OPR().range_exclusive,
OPR().range_inclusive,
OPR().range_inclusive2,
);
const member = choice(
$.expr_parenthesized,
$.val_number,
);
const lo = field("lo", member);
const hi = field("hi", member);
return prec.right(PREC().range, choice(
seq(lo, opr, hi),
seq(lo, opr),
seq(opr, hi),
));
},
/// Simple Expressions
_value: $ => choice(
$.val_variable,
$.val_nothing,
$.val_bool,
$.val_number,
$.val_duration,
$.val_filesize,
$.val_binary,
$.val_string,
$.val_interpolated,
$.val_date,
$.val_list,
$.val_record,
$.val_table,
$.val_closure,
),
/// Literals
val_nothing: $ => SPECIAL().null,
val_bool: $ => choice(SPECIAL().true, SPECIAL().false),
val_variable: $ => choice(
$._var,
seq($._var, $.cell_path),
),
_var: $ => seq(
PUNC().dollar,
field("name", choice(
"nu",
"in",
"env",
"nothing",
$.identifier,
)),
),
// separating floats from integers does not end well
// especially when it comes to incorporation with ranges.
val_number: $ => choice(
/[+-]?([0-9]+[.])?[0-9]+([eE][-+]?\d+)?/,
/0x[0-9a-fA-F_]+/,
/0b[01_]+/,
/0o[0-7_]+/,
SPECIAL().pos_infinity,
SPECIAL().neg_infinity,
SPECIAL().not_a_number,
),
val_duration: $ => seq(
field("value", $.val_number),
field("unit", DURATION_UNIT()),
),
val_filesize: $ => seq(
field("value", $.val_number),
field("unit", FILESIZE_UNIT()),
),
val_binary: $ => seq(
choice("0b", "0o", "0x"),
token.immediate(BRACK().open_brack),
repeat(field("digit", seq($.hex_digit, optional(PUNC().comma)))),
BRACK().close_brack,
),
hex_digit: $ => token(/[0-9a-fA-F]+/),
val_date: $ => token(
choice(
/[0-9]{4}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2}/i,
/[0-9]{4}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2}T[0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}(\.[0-9]+)?([Zz]|([\+-])([01]\d|2[0-3]):?([0-5]\d)?)?/,
),
),
val_string: $ => choice(
$._str_double_quotes,
$._str_single_quotes,
$._str_back_ticks,
),
_str_double_quotes: $ => seq(
'"',
repeat(choice(
$._escaped_str_content,
// double quoted strings accept escapes
$.escape_sequence,
)),
'"',
),
_escaped_str_content: $ => token.immediate(prec(1, /[^"\\]+/)),
_str_single_quotes: $ => /'[^']*'/,
_str_back_ticks: $ => /`[^`]*`/,
escape_sequence: $ => token.immediate(seq(
"\\",
choice(
/[^xu]/,
/u[0-9a-fA-F]{4}/,
/u{[0-9a-fA-F]+}/,
/x[0-9a-fA-F]{2}/
),
)),
/// String Interpolation
val_interpolated: $ => choice(
$._inter_single_quotes,
$._inter_double_quotes,
),
escaped_interpolated_content: $ => token.immediate(prec(1, /[^"\\(]/)),
unescaped_interpolated_content: $ => token.immediate(prec(1, /[^'(]/)),
_inter_single_quotes: $ => seq(
"$'",
repeat(choice(
field("expr", $.expr_interpolated),
$.unescaped_interpolated_content,
)),
token.immediate("'"),
),
_inter_double_quotes: $ => seq(
'$"',
repeat(choice(
field("expr", $.expr_interpolated),
$.inter_escape_sequence,
// double quoted strings accept escapes
$.escaped_interpolated_content,
)),
token.immediate('"'),
),
inter_escape_sequence: $ => token.immediate(
seq(
"\\",
choice(
/[^xu]/,
/u[0-9a-fA-F]{4}/,
/u{[0-9a-fA-F]+}/,
/x[0-9a-fA-F]{2}/,
"(",
),
)
),
expr_interpolated: $ => seq(
BRACK().open_paren,
repeat($._statement),
BRACK().close_paren,
),
/// Collections
val_list: $ => seq(
BRACK().open_brack,
repeat(field(
"item",
seq(
choice($._expression, alias($.cmd_identifier, $.val_string)),
optional(PUNC().comma)
),
)),
BRACK().close_brack,
optional($.cell_path),
),
val_record: $ => seq(
BRACK().open_brace,
repeat(field("entry", $.record_entry)),
BRACK().close_brace,
optional($.cell_path),
),
record_entry: $ => seq(
field("key", choice($.identifier, $.val_string)),
PUNC().colon,
field("value", choice(
prec.right(10, $._expression),
alias($.cmd_identifier, $.val_string)
)),
optional(PUNC().comma),
),
val_table: $ => seq(
BRACK().open_brack,
field("head", seq($.val_list, PUNC().semicolon)),
repeat(field("row", $.val_list)),
BRACK().close_brack,
optional($.cell_path),
),
val_closure: $ => seq(
BRACK().open_brace,
field("parameters", $.parameter_pipes),
repeat(choice(
$._statement,
$._declaration,
)),
BRACK().close_brace,
),
/// CellPaths
cell_path: $ => prec.right(1, seq(
$.path,
repeat($.path),
)),
path: $ => {
const quoted = choice(
$._str_double_quotes,
$._str_single_quotes,
$._str_back_ticks,
);
const path = choice(
prec.right(2, token(/[0-9]+/)),
// prec.right(1, token(/[^\d\s\n\t\r{}()\[\]"`'\?.,;]+/)),
quoted,
);
return seq(
PUNC().dot,
choice(
field("raw_path", path),
field("protected_path", seq(path, PUNC().question)),
),
)
},
/// Commands
command: $ => prec.right(10, choice(
$.cmd_head,
$.cmd_head_sub,
)),
cmd_head_sub: $ => prec.right(2, seq(
field("head", seq(optional(PUNC().caret), $.cmd_identifier)),
field("sub", $.cmd_identifier),
prec.right(10, repeat($._cmd_arg)),
)),
cmd_head: $ => prec.right(1, seq(
field("head", seq(optional(PUNC().caret), $.cmd_identifier)),
prec.right(10, repeat($._cmd_arg)),
)),
_cmd_arg: $ => choice(
field("redir", prec.right(10, $.redirection)),
field("flag", prec.right(9, $._flag)),
field("arg", prec.right(8, $._value)),
field("arg", prec.right(8, $.val_range)),
field("arg", prec.right(7, $.expr_parenthesized)),
// lowest precedence to make it a last resort
field("arg_str", alias($.unquoted, $.val_string)),
),
redirection: $ => choice(
prec.right(10, seq(
choice(...REDIR()),
field("file_path", choice(
alias($.unquoted, $.val_string),
$._expression,
)),
)),
...REDIR(),
),
_flag: $ => prec.right(5, choice(
$.short_flag,
$.long_flag,
)),
short_flag: $ => token(/-[_\p{XID_Continue}]+/),
long_flag: $ => prec.right(10, choice(
"--",
seq("--", token.immediate(/[_\p{XID_Continue}]+/)),
)),
// because this catches almost anything, we want to ensure it is
// picked as the a last resort after everything else has failed.
// so we give it a ridiculously low precedence and place it at the
// very end
unquoted: $ => prec.left(-69, token(/[^-$\s\n\t\r{}()\[\]"`';][^\s\n\t\r{}()\[\]"`';]+/)),
/// Comments
comment: $ => seq(
PUNC().hash,
/.*\n/,
)
},
});
/// nushell keywords
function KEYWORD() {
return {
def: "def",
def_env: "def-env",
alias: "alias",
use: "use",
export_env: "export-env",
extern: "extern",
module: "module",
let: "let",
let_env: "let-env",
mut: "mut",
const: "const",
hide: "hide",
hide_env: "hide-env",
source: "source",
source_env: "source-env",
overlay: "overlay",
register: "register",
for: "for",