Firejail is a SUID sandbox program that reduces the risk of security breaches by restricting the running environment of untrusted applications using Linux namespaces, seccomp-bpf and Linux capabilities. It allows a process and all its descendants to have their own private view of the globally shared kernel resources, such as the network stack, process table, mount table. Firejail can work in a SELinux or AppArmor environment, and it is integrated with Linux Control Groups.
Written in C with virtually no dependencies, the software runs on any Linux computer with a 3.x kernel version or newer. It can sandbox any type of processes: servers, graphical applications, and even user login sessions. The software includes sandbox profiles for a number of more common Linux programs, such as Mozilla Firefox, Chromium, VLC, Transmission etc.
The sandbox is lightweight, the overhead is low. There are no complicated configuration files to edit, no socket connections open, no daemons running in the background. All security features are implemented directly in Linux kernel and available on any Linux computer.
Project webpage: https://firejail.wordpress.com/
Download and Installation: https://firejail.wordpress.com/download-2/
Features: https://firejail.wordpress.com/features-3/
Documentation: https://firejail.wordpress.com/documentation-2/
FAQ: https://firejail.wordpress.com/support/frequently-asked-questions/
Travis-CI status: https://travis-ci.org/netblue30/firejail
$ git clone https://github.com/netblue30/firejail.git
$ cd firejail
$ ./configure && make && sudo make install-strip
On Debian/Ubuntu you will need to install git and a compiler:
$ sudo apt-get install git build-essential
To start the sandbox, prefix your command with “firejail”:
$ firejail firefox # starting Mozilla Firefox
$ firejail transmission-gtk # starting Transmission BitTorrent
$ firejail vlc # starting VideoLAN Client
$ sudo firejail /etc/init.d/nginx start
Run "firejail --list" in a terminal to list all active sandboxes. Example:
$ firejail --list
1617:netblue:/usr/bin/firejail /usr/bin/firefox-esr
7719:netblue:/usr/bin/firejail /usr/bin/transmission-qt
7779:netblue:/usr/bin/firejail /usr/bin/galculator
7874:netblue:/usr/bin/firejail /usr/bin/vlc --started-from-file file:https:///home/netblue/firejail-whitelist.mp4
7916:netblue:firejail --list
Integrate your sandbox into your desktop by running the following two commands:
$ firecfg --fix-sound
$ sudo firecfg
The first command solves some shared memory/PID namespace bugs in PulseAudio software prior to version 9. The second command integrates Firejail into your desktop. You would need to logout and login back to apply PulseAudio changes.
Start your programs the way you are used to: desktop manager menus, file manager, desktop launchers. The integration applies to any program supported by default by Firejail. There are about 250 default applications in current Firejail version, and the number goes up with every new release. We keep the application list in /usr/lib/firejail/firecfg.config file.
Most Firejail command line options can be passed to the sandbox using profile files. You can find the profiles for all supported applications in /etc/firejail directory.
If you keep additional Firejail security profiles in a public repository, please give us a link:
Use this issue to request new profiles: #1139
We deployed a whitelist for /var directory ("include /etc/firejail/whitelist-var-common.inc"). It is currently done for 115 applications.
We added globbing support for --private-bin and whitelisting support for /etc and /usr/share.
--private-lib was enhanced to autodetect GTK2, GTK3 and Qt4 libraries. In the next release we do a test run with this option enabled for the following applications: evince, galculator, gnome-calculator, leafpad, mousepad, transmission-gtk, xcalc, xmr-stak-cpu, atril, mate-color-select, tar, file, strings, gpicview, eom, eog, gedit, pluma
Just for fun, this is a private-bin/private-lib Firefox running on Debian 9:
$ firejail --private-bin=firefox,firefox-esr,sh,which --private-lib=firefox-esr firefox
$ firejail --build appname
$ firejail --build=appname.profile appname
The command builds a whitelisted profile. If /usr/bin/strace is installed on the system, it also builds a whitelisted seccomp profile. The program is run in a very relaxed sandbox, with only --caps.drop=all and --nonewprivs. Programs that raise user privileges are not supported in order to allow strace to run. Chromium and Chromium-based browsers will not work.
Example:
$ firejail --build /usr/bin/vlc ~/Videos/test.mp4
[...]
############################################
# /usr/bin/vlc profile
############################################
# Persistent global definitions
# include /etc/firejail/globals.local
### basic blacklisting
include /etc/firejail/disable-common.inc
# include /etc/firejail/disable-devel.inc
include /etc/firejail/disable-passwdmgr.inc
# include /etc/firejail/disable-programs.inc
### home directory whitelisting
whitelist ~/Videos
whitelist ~/.local/share/vlc
whitelist ~/.config/vlc
include /etc/firejail/whitelist-common.inc
### filesystem
private-tmp
private-dev
private-etc vdpau_wrapper.cfg,udev,drirc,fonts,xdg,gtk-3.0,machine-id,selinux,
whitelist /var/lib/menu-xdg
# private-bin vlc,
### security filters
caps.drop all
nonewprivs
seccomp
# seccomp.keep futex,poll,rt_sigtimedwait,ioctl,fdatasync,read,writev,sendmsg,sendto,write,recvmsg,mmap,mprotect,getpid,stat,clock_nanosleep,munmap,close,access,lseek,fcntl,open,fstat,lstat,brk,rt_sigaction,rt_sigprocmask,rt_sigreturn,madvise,shmget,shmat,shmctl,alarm,socket,connect,recvfrom,shutdown,getsockname,getpeername,setsockopt,getsockopt,clone,execve,uname,shmdt,flock,ftruncate,getdents,rename,mkdir,unlink,readlink,chmod,getrlimit,sysinfo,getuid,getgid,geteuid,getegid,getresuid,getresgid,statfs,fstatfs,prctl,arch_prctl,sched_getaffinity,set_tid_address,fadvise64,clock_getres,tgkill,set_robust_list,eventfd2,dup3,pipe2,getrandom,memfd_create
# 76 syscalls total
# Probably you will need to add more syscalls to seccomp.keep. Look for
# seccomp errors in /var/log/syslog or /var/log/audit/audit.log while
# running your sandbox.
### network
protocol unix,netlink,
net none
### environment
shell none
$
--writable-run-user
This options disables the default blacklisting of
run/user/$UID/systemd and /run/user/$UID/gnupg.
Example:
$ sudo firejail --writable-run-user
--rlimit-as=number
Set the maximum size of the process's virtual memory (address
space) in bytes.
--rlimit-cpu=number
Set the maximum limit, in seconds, for the amount of CPU time
each sandboxed process can consume. When the limit is reached,
the processes are killed.
The CPU limit is a limit on CPU seconds rather than elapsed
time. CPU seconds is basically how many seconds the CPU has
been in use and does not necessarily directly relate to the
elapsed time. Linux kernel keeps track of CPU seconds for each
process independently.
--timeout=hh:mm:ss
Kill the sandbox automatically after the time has elapsed. The
time is specified in hours/minutes/seconds format.
$ firejail --timeout=01:30:00 firefox
--debug-private-lib
Debug messages for --private-lib option.
--netfilter.print=name|pid
Print the firewall installed in the sandbox specified by name
or PID. Example:
$ firejail --net=browser --net=eth0 --netfilter firefox &
$ firejail --netfilter.print=browser
--netfilter6.print=name|pid
Print the IPv6 firewall installed in the sandbox specified by
name or PID. Example:
$ firejail --net=browser --net=eth0 --netfilter firefox &
$ firejail --netfilter6.print=browser
terasology, surf, rocketchat, clamscan, clamdscan, clamdtop, freshclam, xmr-stak-cpu, amule, ardour4, ardour5, brackets, calligra, calligraauthor, calligraconverter, calligraflow, calligraplan, calligraplanwork, calligrasheets, calligrastage, calligrawords, cin, dooble, dooble-qt4, fetchmail, freecad, freecadcmd, google-earth, imagej, karbon, kdenlive, krita, linphone, lmms, macrofusion, mpd, natron, Natron, ricochet, shotcut, teamspeak3, tor, tor-browser-en, Viber, x-terminal-emulator, zart, conky, arch-audit, ffmpeg, bluefish, cliqz, cinelerra, openshot-qt, pinta, uefitool, aosp, pdfmod, gnome-ring, signal-desktop, xcalc, zaproxy, kopete, kget, nheko, Enpass, kwin_x11, krunner
Upstreamed many profiles from the following sources: https://github.com/chiraag-nataraj/firejail-profiles, https://github.com/nyancat18/fe, and https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/firejail-profiles.