Add support for checking core_version_requirement

[goba]

I don't know exactly (a) how this fits into the philosophy of drupal-check and (b) where in the dependencies it would exactly fit. That said, we did a custom check in Upgrade Status in https://www.drupal.org/project/upgrade_status/issues/3080986 for core_version_requirement values. Since many people use drupal-check as a Drupal 9 compatibility checker and its dependencies as Drupal 9 deprecation removal tracking, adding support for checking for core_version_requirement in one of these dependencies would be best.

For reference, in the runtime in Upgrade Status we did mostly this:

+use Composer\Semver\Semver;

[...]
 
+    // Manually add on info file incompatibility to phpstan results.
+    $info = $extension->info;
+    if (!isset($info['core_version_requirement'])) {
+      $result['data']['files'][$extension->getFilename()]['messages'] = [
+        [
+          'message' => 'Add <code>core_version_requirement: ^8 || ^9</code> to ' . $extension->getFilename() . ' to designate that the module is compatible with Drupal 9. See https://www.drupal.org/node/3070687.',
+          'line' => 0,
+        ],
+      ];
+      $result['data']['totals']['errors']++;
+      $result['data']['totals']['file_errors']++;
+    }
+    elseif (!Semver::satisfies('9.0.0', $info['core_version_requirement'])) {
+      $result['data']['files'][$extension->getFilename()]['messages'] = [
+        [
+          'message' => "The current value  <code>core_version_requirement: {$info['core_version_requirement']}</code> in {$extension->getFilename()} is not compatible with Drupal 9.0.0. See https://www.drupal.org/node/3070687.",
+          'line' => 0,
+        ],
+      ];
+      $result['data']['totals']['errors']++;
+      $result['data']['totals']['file_errors']++;
+    }

[mglaman]

I don't think Drupal Check should be responsible for this (anymore) when Upgrade Status can become the tool for stateful inspections.