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GS6008-GettingStartedWithBase.xlf
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GS6008-GettingStartedWithBase.xlf
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<source><x id="0" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[1]/draw:frame[0]"/>Getting Started Guide</source>
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<source>Chapter 8 <g id="1"/><g id="2"/>Getting Started with Base</source>
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<source>Relational Databases in LibreOffice</source>
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<source><x id="3" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:h[0]/text:bookmark-start[0]"/>Copyright<x id="4" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:h[0]/text:bookmark-end[0]"/></source>
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<source>This document is Copyright © 2018 by the LibreOffice Documentation Team. Contributors are listed below. You may distribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the <g id="5">GNU General Public License</g> (<g id="6">http:https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html</g>), version 3 or later, or the <g id="7">Creative Commons Attribution License</g> (<g id="8">http:https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</g>), version 4.0 or later.</source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:p[1]">
<source>All trademarks within this guide belong to their legitimate owners.</source>
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<source><x id="9" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:h[1]/text:bookmark-start[0]"/>Contributors<x id="10" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:h[1]/text:bookmark-end[0]"/></source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:p[2]">
<source>This book is adapted and updated from <g id="11">Getting Started with OpenOffice.org 3.3</g>.</source>
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<source><x id="12" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:h[2]/text:bookmark-start[0]"/>To This Edition<x id="13" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:h[2]/text:bookmark-end[0]"/></source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/table:table[0]/table:table-row[0]/table:table-cell[0]/text:p[0]">
<source>Dave Barton</source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/table:table[0]/table:table-row[0]/table:table-cell[0]/text:p[1]">
<source>Dan Lewis</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/table:table[0]/table:table-row[0]/table:table-cell[1]/text:p[0]">
<source>Drew Jensen</source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:h[3]">
<source><x id="14" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:h[3]/text:bookmark-start[0]"/>To Previous Editions<x id="15" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:h[3]/text:bookmark-end[0]"/></source>
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<source>Dan Lewis</source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/table:table[1]/table:table-row[0]/table:table-cell[1]/text:p[0]">
<source>Jean Hollis Weber</source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/table:table[1]/table:table-row[0]/table:table-cell[2]/text:p[0]">
<source>Hazel Russman </source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/table:table[1]/table:table-row[1]/table:table-cell[0]/text:p[0]">
<source>Ron Faile Jr.</source>
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<source>Olivier Hallot</source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/table:table[1]/table:table-row[1]/table:table-cell[2]/text:p[0]">
<source>Magnus Adielsson</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/table:table[1]/table:table-row[2]/table:table-cell[0]/text:p[0]">
<source>JiHui Choi</source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/table:table[1]/table:table-row[2]/table:table-cell[1]/text:p[0]">
<source>Iain Roberts</source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:h[4]">
<source><x id="16" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:h[4]/text:bookmark-start[0]"/>Feedback<x id="17" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:h[4]/text:bookmark-end[0]"/></source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:p[3]">
<source>Please direct any comments or suggestions about this document to the Documentation Team’s mailing list: <g id="18">[email protected]</g></source>
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<source>Note</source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:p[4]">
<source>Everything you send to a mailing list, including your email address and any other personal information that is written in the message, is publicly archived and cannot be deleted.</source>
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<source><x id="19" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:h[5]/text:bookmark-start[0]"/>Publication date and software version<x id="20" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:h[5]/text:bookmark-end[0]"/></source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:p[5]">
<source>Published <g id="21">August</g> 2018. Based on LibreOffice 6.0.</source>
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<source><x id="22" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:h[6]/text:bookmark-start[0]"/>Note for macOS users<x id="23" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:h[6]/text:bookmark-end[0]"/></source>
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<source>Some keystrokes and menu items are different on macOS from those used in Windows and Linux. The table below gives some common substitutions for the instructions in this chapter. For a more detailed list, see the application Help.</source>
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<source>Windows or Linux</source>
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<source>Mac<g id="24">OS</g> equivalent</source>
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<source>Effect</source>
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<source>Tools > Options</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source> menu selection</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source>LibreOffice > Preferences</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source>Access setup options</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source>Right-click</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source>Control+click and/or right-click depending on computer setup</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source>Open a context menu</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source>Ctrl</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source> (</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/table:table[2]/table:table-row[3]/table:table-cell[0]/text:p[0]/text:span[2]/text:span[0]">
<source>Control</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/table:table[2]/table:table-row[3]/table:table-cell[0]/text:p[0]/text:span[3]">
<source>)</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source>⌘ (</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source>Command</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source>)</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source>Used with other keys</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source>F5</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source>Shift</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/table:table[2]/table:table-row[4]/table:table-cell[1]/text:p[0]/text:span[1]">
<source>+⌘+</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/table:table[2]/table:table-row[4]/table:table-cell[1]/text:p[0]/text:span[2]/text:span[0]">
<source>F5</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/table:table[2]/table:table-row[4]/table:table-cell[2]/text:p[0]">
<source>Open the Navigator</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/table:table[2]/table:table-row[5]/table:table-cell[0]/text:p[0]/text:span[0]/text:span[0]">
<source>F11</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source>⌘+</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/table:table[2]/table:table-row[5]/table:table-cell[1]/text:p[0]/text:span[1]/text:span[0]">
<source>T</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/table:table[2]/table:table-row[5]/table:table-cell[2]/text:p[0]">
<source>Open the <g id="25">sidebar </g>Styles and Formatting <g id="26">deck</g></source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:index-title[0]/text:p[0]">
<source>Contents</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[0]/text:a[0]">
<source>Copyright<g id="27"/>2</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source>Contributors<g id="28"/>2</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source>To This Edition<g id="29"/>2</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[3]/text:a[0]">
<source>To Previous Editions<g id="30"/>2</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[4]/text:a[0]">
<source>Feedback<g id="31"/>2</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[5]/text:a[0]">
<source>Publication date and software version<g id="32"/>2</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[6]/text:a[0]">
<source>Note for macOS users<g id="33"/>2</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[7]/text:a[0]">
<source>Introduction<g id="34"/>4</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source>Planning a database<g id="35"/>5</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source>Creating a new database<g id="36"/>6</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source>Creating database tables<g id="37"/>7</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[11]/text:a[0]">
<source>Using the Wizard to create a table<g id="38"/>7</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[12]/text:a[0]">
<source>Creating a table by copying an existing table<g id="39"/>10</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[13]/text:a[0]">
<source>Creating tables in Design View<g id="40"/>11</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[14]/text:a[0]">
<source>Defining relationships<g id="41"/>14</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[15]/text:a[0]">
<source>Creating a database form<g id="42"/>15</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[16]/text:a[0]">
<source>Using the Wizard to create a form<g id="43"/>16</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[17]/text:a[0]">
<source>Modifying a form<g id="44"/>19</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[18]/text:a[0]">
<source>Creating forms and sub forms in Design View<g id="45"/>27</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[19]/text:a[0]">
<source>Entering data in a form<g id="46"/>27</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[20]/text:a[0]">
<source>Quickly populate a table with data from a spreadsheet<g id="47"/>29</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[21]/text:a[0]">
<source>Creating queries<g id="48"/>30</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[22]/text:a[0]">
<source>Using the Wizard to create a query<g id="49"/>30</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[23]/text:a[0]">
<source>Using the Design View to create a query<g id="50"/>33</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[24]/text:a[0]">
<source>Creating reports<g id="51"/>38</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[25]/text:a[0]">
<source>Creating a report: Example<g id="52"/>38</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[26]/text:a[0]">
<source>Report wizard vs Report Design View<g id="53"/>39</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[27]/text:a[0]">
<source>Vacations table report<g id="54"/>39</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[28]/text:a[0]">
<source>Report Builder: another way to create reports<g id="55"/>41</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[29]/text:a[0]">
<source>Accessing other data sources<g id="56"/>41</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[30]/text:a[0]">
<source>Accessing a spreadsheet as a data source<g id="57"/>42</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[31]/text:a[0]">
<source>Registering *.odb databases<g id="58"/>42</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[32]/text:a[0]">
<source>Using data sources in LibreOffice<g id="59"/>42</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[33]/text:a[0]">
<source>Viewing data sources<g id="60"/>42</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[34]/text:a[0]">
<source>Editing data sources<g id="61"/>43</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[35]/text:a[0]">
<source>Launching Base to work on data sources<g id="62"/>43</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[36]/text:a[0]">
<source>Using data sources in Writer and Calc<g id="63"/>43</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[37]/text:a[0]">
<source>Writer documents<g id="64"/>44</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:section[0]/text:table-of-content[0]/text:index-body[0]/text:p[38]/text:a[0]">
<source>Calc spreadsheets<g id="65"/>46</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[0]">
<source><x id="66" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[0]/text:bookmark-start[0]"/>Introduction<x id="67" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[0]/text:bookmark-end[0]"/></source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[4]">
<source>A <x id="68" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[4]/text:alphabetical-index-mark[0]"/>data source, or database, is a collection of pieces of information that can be accessed or managed by LibreOffice. For example, a list of names and addresses is a data source that could be used for producing a mail merge letter. A shop stock list could be a data source managed through LibreOffice.</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[5]">
<source>This chapter covers creating a database, showing what is contained in a database and how the different parts are used by LibreOffice.</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[0]/text:list-item[0]/text:p[0]">
<source>Note</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[6]">
<source>LibreOffice uses the terms “Data Source” and “Database” to refer to the same thing, which could be a database such as <x id="69" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[6]/text:alphabetical-index-mark-start[0]"/>MySQL<x id="70" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[6]/text:alphabetical-index-mark-end[0]"/> or dBase or a spreadsheet or text document holding data.</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[7]">
<source>A <g id="71">database</g> consists of a number of <g id="72">fields</g> that contain the individual pieces of data. Each <g id="73">table</g> of the database is a group of fields. When creating a table, you also determine the characteristics of each field within it. <g id="74">Forms</g> are for data entry into the fields of one or more tables which have been associated with the form. They can also be used for viewing fields from one or more tables associated with the form. A <g id="75">query</g> creates a new table from the existing tables based upon how you create the query. A <g id="76">report</g> organizes the information from the fields of a query into a document according to your requirements.</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source>Caution</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[8]">
<source>To use Base, you need to use a Java Runtime Environment (JRE). Please go to <g id="77">Tools > Options > LibreOffice > Advanced</g> to select a JRE from those installed on your computer.</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[9]">
<source>If a JRE is not already installed, you will need to download and install one. For Windows, you need to get Java from <g id="78">www.java.com</g>. For Linux, you can download it from the same website or you can use openjdk-7-jre, available from the repository of your Linux version. macOS users can install a JRE from Apple Inc.</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[10]">
<source>Base creates <g id="79">relational databases</g>. This makes it fairly easy to create a database in which the fields of the database have relationships with each other.</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[11]">
<source>For example: Consider a database for a library. It will contain a field for the names of the authors and another field for the names of the books. There is an obvious relationship between the authors and the books they have written. The library may contain more than one book by the same author. This is what is known as a one-to-many relationship: one author and more than one book. Most if not all the relationships in such a database are one-to-many relationships.</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[12]">
<source>Consider an employment database for the same library. One of the fields contains the names of the employees while others contain the social security numbers, and other personal data. The relationship between the names and social security numbers is one-to-one: only one social security number for each name.</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[13]">
<source>If you are acquainted with mathematical sets, a relational database can easily be explained in terms of sets: elements, subsets, unions, and intersections. The fields of a database are the elements. The tables are subsets. Relationships are defined in terms of unions and intersections of the subsets (tables).</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[14]">
<source>To explain how a database works and how to to use it, we will create one for automobile expenses. </source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[1]">
<source><x id="80" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[1]/text:bookmark-start[0]"/><x id="81" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[1]/text:soft-page-break[0]"/><x id="82" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[1]/text:alphabetical-index-mark[0]"/>Planning a database<x id="83" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[1]/text:bookmark-end[0]"/></source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[15]">
<source>The first step in creating a database is to ask yourself many questions. Write them down, and leave some space between the questions to write the answers later. At least some of the answers should seem obvious after you take some time to think.</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[16]">
<source>You may have to go through this process a few times before everything becomes clear in your mind and on paper. Using a text document for these questions and answers makes it easier to move the questions around, add additional questions, or change the answers.</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[17]">
<source>Here are some of the questions and answers I developed before I created a database for automobile expenses. I had an idea of what I wanted before I started, but as I began asking questions and listing the answers, I discovered that I needed additional tables and fields.</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[18]">
<source>What are the fields going to be? My expenses divided into three broad areas: fuel purchases, maintenance, and vacations. The annual cost for the car’s license plate and driver’s license every four years did not fit into any of these. It will be a table of its own: license fees.</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[19]">
<source>What fields fit the fuel purchases area? Date purchased, odometer reading, fuel cost, fuel quantity, and payment method for it. (Fuel economy need not be included, as it can be calculated using a query.)</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[20]">
<source>What fields fit the maintenance area? Date of service, odometer reading, type of service, cost of service, and next scheduled service of this type (for example, for oil changes, list when the next oil change should be). But it would be nice if there was a way to write notes. So a field for notes was added to the list.</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[21]">
<source>What fields fit the vacations area? Date, odometer reading, fuel (including all the fields of the fuel table), food (including meals and snacks), motel, total tolls, and miscellaneous. Since these purchases are made by one of two bank cards or with cash, I want a field to state which payment type was used for each item.</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[22]">
<source>What fields fit into the food category? Breakfast, lunch, supper, and snacks seem to fit. Do I list all the snacks individually or list the total cost for snacks for the day? I chose to divide snacks into two fields: number of snacks and total cost of snacks. I also need a payment type for each of these: breakfast, lunch, supper, and total cost of snacks.</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[23]">
<source>What are the fields that are common to more than one area? Date appears in all of the areas as does odometer reading and payment type.</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[24]">
<source>How will I use this information about these three fields? While on vacation, I want the expenses for each day to be listed together. The date fields suggest a relationship between the vacation table and the dates in each of these tables: fuel and food, This means that the date fields in these tables will be linked as we create the database.</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[25]">
<source>The type of payment includes two bank cards and cash. So we will create a table with a field for the type of payment and use it in list boxes in the forms.</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source>Tip</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source>While we have listed fields we will create in the tables of the database, there is one more field that may be needed in a table: the field for the primary key, an identifier unique to each record. In some tables, a suitable field for the primary key has already been listed. In other tables such as the payment type, an additional field for the primary key must be created.</source>
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<source><x id="84" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[2]/text:bookmark-start[0]"/><x id="85" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[2]/text:soft-page-break[0]"/><x id="86" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[2]/text:alphabetical-index-mark[0]"/>Creating a new database<x id="87" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[2]/text:bookmark-end[0]"/></source>
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<source>To create a new database, select <g id="88">File > New > Database</g> from the menu bar, or click the arrow next to the <g id="89">New</g> icon on the Standard toolbar and select <g id="90">Database</g> from the drop-down menu. Both methods open the Database Wizard.</source>
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<source>On the first page of the Database Wizard, select <g id="91">Create a new database</g> and then click <g id="92">Next</g>.</source>
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<source>The second page has two questions. Make sure the choice for the first question is <g id="93">Yes, register the database for me</g> and the choice for the second question is <g id="94">Open the database for editing</g>. Click <g id="95">Finish</g>.</source>
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<source>Note</source>
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<source>In Writer, the <g id="96">Ctrl+Shift+F4</g> key opens and closes the Data Source window containing the list of registered databases. In Calc, press <g id="97">Ctrl+Shift+F4</g> to open the Data Source window. If a database is not registered, this window will not contain it, so you cannot access the database in Writer or Calc.</source>
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<source>Save the new database with the name <g id="98">Automobile</g>. This opens the Automobile – LibreOffice Base window. Figure <x id="99" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[31]"/><g id="100"/>shows part of this window.<x id="101" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[31]/draw:frame[0]"/></source>
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<source>Figure <x id="102" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[31]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[1]"/>: Creating database tables <g id="103">using HSQLDB</g></source>
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<source>Tip</source>
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<source>Every time the <g id="104">Automobile</g> database is opened, the <g id="105">Automobile – LibreOffice Base </g>window opens. Changes can then be made to the database. The title for this window is always <database name> – LibreOffice Base.</source>
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<source><x id="106" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[5]/text:list-item[0]/text:p[0]/text:soft-page-break[0]"/>Caution</source>
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<source>As you create a database, you should save your work regularly. This means more than saving what you have just created. You must save the whole database as well.</source>
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<source>For example, when you create your first table, you must save it before you can close it. This makes it part of the database in memory. But it is only when you save the database file that the table is written to disk.</source>
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<source>Note</source>
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<source>Database files in Open Document Format are stored with the <g id="107">*.odb</g> extension. This file format is actually a container of all elements of the database, including forms, reports, tables, and the data itself. The same format can also store a connection to an external database server instead of the local data, for example, to access a MySQL or PostgresSQL database server in your network.</source>
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<source><x id="108" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[3]/text:bookmark-start[0]"/><x id="109" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[3]/text:alphabetical-index-mark[0]"/><x id="110" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[3]/text:alphabetical-index-mark[1]"/>Creating database tables<x id="111" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[3]/text:bookmark-end[0]"/></source>
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<source>In a database, a table stores information in a group of things we call fields. For example, a table might hold an address book, a stock list, a phone book or a price list. A database must have at least one table and may have several.</source>
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<source>Each field of a table contains information of a single type. For example, the Phone field of an address book would only contain phone numbers. Similarly, a price list table could contain two fields: Name and Price. The Name field would contain the names of the items; <g id="112"/>the Price field would contain the amount of each item.</source>
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<source>To work with tables, click the <g id="113">Tables</g> icon in the <g id="114">Database</g> list, or press <g id="115">Alt+a</g>. The three tasks that you can perform on a table are in the <g id="116">Tasks</g> list (see Figure <x id="117" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[38]"/>).</source>
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<source><x id="118" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[4]/text:bookmark-start[0]"/>Using the <x id="119" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[4]/text:alphabetical-index-mark[0]"/>Wizard to create a table<x id="120" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[4]/text:bookmark-end[0]"/></source>
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<source>Wizards are designed to do the basic work. Sometimes this is not sufficient for what we want; in those cases we can use a wizard as a starting point and then build upon what it produces.</source>
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<source>The Table Wizard in Base contains two categories of suggested tables: business and personal. Each category contains sample tables from which to choose. Each table has a list of available fields. We can delete some of these fields and add other fields.</source>
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<source>A field in a table is one bit of information. For example, a price list table might have one field for item name, one for the description, and a third for the price.</source>
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<source>Since none of the fields we need for our Automobile database are contained in any of the sample wizard tables, we will create a simple table using the wizard that has nothing to do with our database. This section is merely an exercise in explaining how the Wizard works.</source>
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<source>The Wizard permits the fields of the table to come from more than one suggested table. We will create a table with fields from three different suggested tables in the Wizard.</source>
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<source>Caution</source>
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<source>Every table requires a <g id="121">Primary key field</g>. (What this field does will be explained later.) We will use this field to number our entries and want that number to automatically increase as we add each entry.</source>
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<source>Click <g id="122">Use Wizard to Create Table</g>. This opens <x id="123" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[45]/text:alphabetical-index-mark[0]"/>the <x id="124" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[45]/text:alphabetical-index-mark[1]"/>Table Wizard (Figure <x id="125" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[45]"/>).</source>
</trans-unit>
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<source>Step 1: Select fields</source>
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<source>We will use the <g id="126">CD-Collection</g> Sample table in the Personal category and Employees in the Business category to select the fields we need.</source>
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<source><g id="127">Category</g>: Select <g id="128">Personal</g>. The<g id="129"> Sample Tables</g> drop down list changes to a list of personal sample tables.</source>
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<source><g id="130">Sample tables</g>: Select <g id="131">CD-Collection</g>. The <g id="132">Available fields</g> box changes to a list of available fields for this table.</source>
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<source><g id="133">Selected fields</g>: Using the <g id="134">></g> button, move the following fields from the <g id="135">Available fields </g>window to the <g id="136">Selected fields</g> window in this order: <g id="137">CollectionID, AlbumTitle, Artist, DatePurchased, Format, Notes, </g>and <g id="138">NumberofTracks</g>.</source>
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<source><g id="139">Selected Fields from another sample </g>table. Click Business as the Category. Select <g id="140">Employees</g> from the drop down list of sample tables. Use the <g id="141">></g> button to move the <g id="142">Photo</g> field from the <g id="143">Available fields</g> window to the <g id="144">Selected fields</g> window. It will be at the bottom of the list directly below the <g id="145">NumberofTracks</g> field.</source>
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<source>If you make a mistake in selecting fields, click on the field name in the <g id="146">Selected fields</g> list and use the <g id="147"><</g> button to move it from the <g id="148">Selected fields</g> list back to the <g id="149">Available fields</g> list.</source>
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<source>If you make a mistake in the order of the selected fields, <g id="150">click</g> on the field name that is in the wrong order and use the <g id="151">Up</g> or <g id="152">Down arrow</g> on the right side of the Selected fields list to move the field name to the correct position.</source>
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<source>Click <g id="153">Next</g>.</source>
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<source><x id="154" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[48]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]/draw:frame[0]"/>Figure <x id="155" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[48]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]"/>: Selecting fields for the table</source>
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<source>Step 2: </source>
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<source>Set field types and formats</source>
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<source><x id="156" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[50]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]/draw:frame[0]"/>Figure <x id="157" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[50]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]"/>: Changing field types</source>
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<source><x id="158" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[51]/text:soft-page-break[0]"/>In this step you give the fields their properties. When you click a field, the information on the right changes. (See Figure <x id="159" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[51]"/>.) You can then make changes to meet your needs. Click each field, one at a time, and make the changes listed below.</source>
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<source>Note</source>
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<source>If any of these fields requires a mandatory entry, set <g id="160">Entry required</g> to <g id="161">Yes</g>. A blank field will then not be allowed. In general, only set <g id="162">Entry required</g> to <g id="163">Yes</g> if something must always be put in that field. By default, <g id="164">Entry required</g> is set to <g id="165">No</g>.</source>
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<source><g id="166">CollectionID</g>: Change <g id="167">AutoValue</g> from <g id="168">No</g> to <g id="169">Yes</g>. (example of a mandatory entry)</source>
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<source><g id="170">AlbumTitle</g>:</source>
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<source><g id="171">Entry required</g>: Leave <g id="172">Entry required</g> as <g id="173">No</g>, unless all of your music is in albums.</source>
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<source><g id="174">Length</g>: Unless you have an album title that exceeds 100 characters counting the spaces, do not change the length.</source>
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<source><g id="175">Artist</g>: Use the Default setting. Since music always has artists, set <g id="176">Entry Required</g> to <g id="177">Yes</g>.</source>
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<source><g id="178">Date Purchased</g>: <g id="179">Field type</g>: default date setting. <g id="180">Entry required</g> should be No. (You may not know the date.)</source>
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<source>Note</source>
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<source>In Base the maximum length of each field must be specified on creation. It is not easy to change this later, so if in doubt specify a greater length. Base uses VARCHAR as the field format for text fields. This format uses only the actual number of characters in a field up to the limit set, so a field containing 20 characters will occupy only 20 characters even if the limit is set at 100. Two album titles containing 25 and 32 characters respectively will use space for 25 and 32 characters and not 100 characters.</source>
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<source><g id="181">Format</g>: Only change the <g id="182">Entry Required</g> setting: from <g id="183">No</g> to <g id="184">Yes</g>.</source>
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<source><g id="185">Notes</g>: No changes are required.</source>
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<source><g id="186">NumberofTracks</g>: Change the <g id="187">Field Type</g> to <g id="188">Tiny Integer [TINYINT]</g>. Your allowable number of tracks will be 127. Small Integer [SMALLINT] would allow 32768 tracks if you needed more than 127 tracks.</source>
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<source><g id="189">Photo</g>: Use the default settings.</source>
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<source>When you have finished, click <g id="190">Next</g>.</source>
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<source>Note</source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[55]">
<source>Each field has a <g id="191">Field Type</g>, which must be specified. Types include text, integer, date, and decimal. If the field is going to have general information in it (for example, a name or a description), use text. If the field will always contain a number (for example, a price), the type should be decimal or another numerical field. The wizard picks the right field type, so to get an idea of how this works, see what the wizard has chosen for different fields.</source>
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<source>Step 3: </source>
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<source>Set primary key</source>
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<source><g id="192">Create a primary key</g> should be checked.</source>
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<source>Select option <g id="193">Use an existing field as a primary key</g>.</source>
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<source>In the <g id="194">Fieldname drop down</g> list, select <g id="195">CollectionID</g>.</source>
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<source>Check <g id="196">Auto value</g> if it is not already checked. Click <g id="197">Next</g>.</source>
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<source><x id="198" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[17]/text:list-item[0]/text:p[0]/text:soft-page-break[0]"/>Note</source>
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<source>A <x id="199" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[57]/text:alphabetical-index-mark[0]"/>primary key uniquely identifies an item (or record) in the table. For example, you might know two people called “Randy Herring” or three people living at the same address and the database needs to distinguish between them.</source>
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<source>The simplest method is to assign a unique number to each one: number the first person 1, the second 2, and so on. Each entry has one number and every number is different, so it is easy to say “record ID 172”. This is the option chosen here: CollectionID is just a number assigned automatically by Base to each record of this table.</source>
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<source>Step 4: Create the table</source>
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<source>If desired, rename the table at this point. If you rename it, make the name meaningful to you. For this example, make no changes.</source>
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<source>Leave the option <g id="200">Insert data immediately</g> checked.</source>
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<source>Click <g id="201">Finish</g> to complete the table wizard. Close the window created by the table wizard. You are now back to the main window of the database with the listing of the tables, queries, forms, and reports. Notice that a table named “CD-Collection” is now listed in the Tables portion of the window.</source>
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<source>Click the <g id="202">Save</g> button at the top of the main window.</source>
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<source><x id="203" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[5]/text:bookmark-start[0]"/><x id="204" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[5]/text:reference-mark-start[0]"/>Creating a table by copying an existing table<x id="205" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[5]/text:bookmark-end[0]"/><x id="206" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[5]/text:reference-mark-end[0]"/></source>
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<source>If you have a large collection of music, you might want to create a table for each type of music you have. Rather than creating each table from the wizard, you can make copies of the original table, naming each according to the type of music contained in it.</source>
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<source>Click on the <g id="207">Tables</g> icon in the Database pane to see the existing tables.</source>
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<source>Right-click on the<g id="208"> CD-Collection</g> table icon. Choose <g id="209">Copy</g> from the context menu.</source>
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<source>Move the mouse pointer below this table, right-click, and select <g id="210">Paste</g>. The Copy table dialog opens.</source>
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<source>Change the table name to <g id="211">CD-Jazz</g> and click <g id="212">Next</g>.</source>
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<source>Click the <g id="213">>></g> button to move all the fields from the left box to the right box and click <g id="214">Next</g>.</source>
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<source>Since all the fields already have the proper Field type, no changes should be needed. However, this is the time and place to make any changes if they are needed. (See Caution below for the reason why.) Click <g id="215">Create</g>. The new table is created.</source>
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<source>Click the <g id="216">Save</g> button at the top of the main database window.</source>
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<source>Caution</source>
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<source>Once tables have been created using the wizard, and data has been entered, editing a table should be very limited. You can add or delete fields, but adding a field requires you to enter the data for that one field for every existing record with an entry for that field.</source>
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<source>Deleting a field deletes <g id="217">all the data </g>once contained in that field. Changing the field type of a field can lead to data being lost either partially or completely. When creating a new table, it pays to create the fields with the correct names, length, and format before you add any data.</source>
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<source>Deleting a table removes all of the data contained in every field of the table. <g id="218">Unless you are sure, do not delete a table</g>.</source>
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<source><x id="219" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[6]/text:bookmark-start[0]"/><x id="220" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[6]/text:soft-page-break[0]"/><x id="221" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[6]/text:reference-mark-start[0]"/>Creating tables in Design View<x id="222" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[6]/text:bookmark-end[0]"/><x id="223" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[6]/text:reference-mark-end[0]"/></source>
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<source>Design View is a more advanced method <x id="224" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[64]/text:alphabetical-index-mark[0]"/>for creating a new table, in which you directly enter information about each field in the table. We will use this method for the tables of our database.</source>
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<source>Note</source>
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<source>While the <g id="225">Field type </g>and <g id="226">formatting</g> are different in Design View, the concepts are the same as in the Wizard.</source>
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<source>The first table to be created is <g id="227">Fuel</g>. Its fields are <g id="228">FuelID, Date, FuelCost, FuelQuantity, Odometer</g>, and <g id="229">PaymentType</g>.</source>
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<source>Click Create Table in Design View (which opens the Table Design dialog).</source>
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<source><g id="230">FuelID</g> field: Type <g id="231">FuelID</g> as the first Field Name. Press the <g id="232">Tab</g> key to move to the Field Type column. Select <g id="233">Integer [INTEGER]</g> as the Field Type from the drop down list. (The default setting is Text [VARCHAR].)</source>
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<source>Tip</source>
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<source>A shortcut for selecting from the Field Type drop down list: press the key for the first letter of the choice. You can cycle through the choices for a given letter by repeatedly pressing that key.</source>
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<source>Change the Field Properties in the bottom section.<g id="234"/><x id="235" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[24]/text:list-item[0]/text:p[0]/text:alphabetical-index-mark[0]"/>Change <g id="236">AutoValue</g> from <g id="237">No</g> to <g id="238">Yes</g>.</source>
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<source>Set <g id="239">FuelID</g> as the <g id="240">Primary key</g>.<g id="241"/>Click in the Field Name cell directly below FuelID. The dialog automatically sets FuelID as the primary key and places a key icon in front of FuelID (Figure <x id="242" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[24]/text:list-item[1]/text:p[0]"/>).</source>
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<source><x id="243" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[68]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]/draw:frame[0]"/>Figure <x id="244" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[68]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]"/>: Defining the primary key field</source>
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<source>Tip</source>
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<source>Certain of the Integer filed types (Integer and BigInt for example) have an AutoValue Field Property. When using one of these field types, your selection of <g id="245">Yes</g> for the AutoValue value automatically makes the field the primary key. </source>
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<source>Primary keys for any other field type must be selected by right-clicking the rectangle before the field and selecting <g id="246">Primary key</g> in the context menu.</source>
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<source><x id="247" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[26]/text:list-item[0]/text:p[0]/text:soft-page-break[0]"/>Note</source>
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<source>The primary key serves only one purpose: to identify each record uniquely. Any name can be used for this field. We have used <g id="248">FuelID</g> for convenience, so we know to which table it belongs.</source>
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<source>All other fields (<g id="249">Date, FuelCost, FuelQuantity, Odometer</g>, and <g id="250">PaymentType</g>):</source>
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<source>Type the next field name in the Field Name column.</source>
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<source>Select the Field Type for each field.</source>
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<source>For <g id="251">Date</g> use Date[DATE]. (Press the <g id="252">D</g> key to select it.)</source>
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<source>All other fields use Number [NUMERIC]. (Press the <g id="253">N</g> key once to select it.)</source>
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<source><g id="254">PaymentType</g> uses Text [VARCHAR], the default setting.</source>
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<source><g id="255">FuelCost</g>, <g id="256">FuelQuantity</g>, and <g id="257">Odometer</g> need changes in the Field Properties section (Figure <x id="258" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[30]/text:list-item[0]/text:p[0]"/>).</source>
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<source><g id="259">FuelCost</g>: Change the Length to 5 and Decimal places to 2. Click the <g id="260">Format example</g> ellipse button (...) (Figure <x id="261" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[31]/text:list-item[0]/text:p[0]"/>). This opens the Field Format window (Figure <x id="262" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[31]/text:list-item[0]/text:p[0]"/>). Use <g id="263">Currency</g> as the Category and your currency as the Format. My currency has two decimal places. Use what is appropriate for yours.</source>
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<source><g id="264">FuelQuantity</g>: Change <g id="265">Length</g> to 6 and <g id="266">Decimal places</g> to 3. (Many fuel pumps measure fuel to thousandths of a gallon in the USA.) <g id="267">Odometer</g>: Change the <g id="268">Length</g> to 10 and the <g id="269">Decimal places</g> to 1.</source>
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<source>Repeat steps a) through c) until you have entered all of the fields.</source>
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<source><x id="270" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[72]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]/draw:frame[0]"/>Figure <x id="271" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[72]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]"/>: Changing field properties</source>
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<source>To access additional formatting options, click the ellipse button (…) to the right of the Format example field.</source>
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<source><g id="272">Description</g> can be any of the categories listed in the figure below, or can be left blank.</source>
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<source><x id="273" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[74]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]/draw:frame[0]"/>Figure <x id="274" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[74]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]"/>: Format example options</source>
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<source>To save and close the table, select <g id="275">File > Save</g>. Name the table <g id="276">Fuel</g>. Close the Fuel table.</source>
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<source>In the main database window, click the <g id="277">Save</g> button.</source>
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<source><x id="278" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[75]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]/draw:frame[0]"/>Figure <x id="279" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[75]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]"/>: Fields in Vacations table</source>
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<source>Follow the same steps to create the <g id="280">Vacations</g> table. The fields, field types, and Descriptions are listed in Figure <x id="281" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[76]"/>.</source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[77]">
<source>Making Date the primary key has to be done in a different way because this field’s field type is <g id="282">Date</g>, not <g id="283">Integer</g>.</source>
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<source>Right-click to the left of the field name <g id="284">Date</g>.</source>
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<source>Select Primary Key in the context menu.</source>
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<source><x id="285" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[7]/text:bookmark-start[0]"/><x id="286" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[7]/text:soft-page-break[0]"/><x id="287" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[7]/text:alphabetical-index-mark[0]"/><x id="288" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[7]/text:alphabetical-index-mark[1]"/>Defining <x id="289" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[7]/text:alphabetical-index-mark[2]"/>relationships<x id="290" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[7]/text:bookmark-end[0]"/></source>
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<source>Now that the tables have been created, what are the relationships between our tables? This is the time to define them based upon the questions we asked and answered in the beginning.</source>
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<source>When on vacation, we want to enter all of our expenses at once each day. Most of these expenses are in the Vacations table, but the fuel we buy is not. So we will link these two tables using the Date fields. Since the Fuel table may have more than one entry per date, this relationship between the Vacations and Fuel tables is one to many (it is designated 1:n.)</source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[80]">
<source>The Fuel and Maintenance tables do not really have a relationship even though they share similar fields: Date and Odometer readings.</source>
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<source>Tip</source>
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<source>As you create your own databases, you will also need to determine if tables are related and how.</source>
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<source>To begin defining relationships, select <g id="291">Tools > Relationships</g>. The Automobile – LibreOffice Base: Relation Design window opens and the Add Tables dialog pops up. (You can also open it by clicking the Add Tables icon on the Relation Design window if you ever need to do so.)</source>
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<source>In the Add Tables dialog, use either of these ways to add a table to the Relation Design window:</source>
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<source>Double-click the name of the table. In our case, do this for both <g id="292">Vacations</g> and <g id="293">Fuel</g>.</source>
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<source>Or, for each table, click the name of the table and then click <g id="294">Add</g>.</source>
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<source>Click <g id="295">Close</g> to close the Add Tables dialog when you have added the tables you want.</source>
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<source>Define the relationship between the Vacations and Fuel tables: <g id="296"/>click the <g id="297">New Relation</g> icon. This opens the Relations window (Figure <x id="298" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[39]/text:list-item[1]/text:p[0]"/>). Our two tables are listed in the <g id="299">Tables involved</g> section.</source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[40]/text:list-item[0]/text:p[0]">
<source>In the <g id="300">Fields involved</g> section, click the drop-down list under the Fuel label.</source>
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<source>Select <g id="301">Date</g> from the Fuel table list.</source>
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<source>Click in the cell to the right of this drop-down list. This opens a drop down list for the Vacations table.</source>
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<source>Select <g id="302">Date</g> from the Vacations table list. It should now look like Figure <x id="303" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[40]/text:list-item[3]/text:p[0]"/>.</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[40]/text:list-item[4]/text:p[0]">
<source>Modify the Update options and Delete options section of the Relation window (Figure <x id="304" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[40]/text:list-item[4]/text:p[0]"/>).</source>
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<source>Select <g id="305">Update cascade</g>.</source>
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<source>Select <g id="306">Delete cascade</g>.</source>
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<source><x id="307" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[82]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]/draw:frame[0]"/>Figure <x id="308" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[82]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]"/>: Designation for a 1:n relationship</source>
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<source><x id="309" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[83]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]/draw:frame[0]"/>Figure <x id="310" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[83]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]"/>: Selected fields in a relationship</source>
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<source>Tip</source>
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<source>The primary key can contain more than one field. (Its foreign key<x id="311" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[84]/text:note[0]"/> will contain the same number of fields.) If this were the case in Figure <x id="312" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[84]"/>, the other fields of the primary field for the Fuel table would be listed under Date. The corresponding fields of the foreign key would be listed under Vacations. Detailed information about this is in the <g id="313">Base Guide</g>.</source>
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<source>1</source>
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<source>A field in a table that stores values of the primary key of records in another table.</source>
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<source><x id="314" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[85]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]/draw:frame[0]"/>Figure <x id="315" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[85]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]"/>: Update options and Delete options section</source>
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<source>Click <g id="316">OK</g>.</source>
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<source>Save the Relation Design dialog if the <g id="317">Save</g> button is active.</source>
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<source>Close the Relation Design dialog.</source>
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<source>Click the <g id="318">Save</g> button at the top of the main database window.</source>
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<source>While these options are not strictly necessary, they do help. Having them selected permits you to update a table that has a relationship defined with another table which has been modified. It also permits you to delete a field from the table without causing inconsistencies.</source>
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<source><x id="319" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[8]/text:bookmark-start[0]"/><x id="320" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[8]/text:reference-mark-start[0]"/>Creating a database form<x id="321" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[8]/text:bookmark-end[0]"/><x id="322" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[8]/text:reference-mark-end[0]"/></source>
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<source>Databases are used to store data. But, how is the data put into the database? Forms are used to do this. In the language of databases, a form is a front end for data entry and editing.</source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[88]">
<source>A simple form consists of the fields from a table (Figure <x id="323" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[88]"/>). More complex forms can contain much more, including additional text, graphics, selection boxes, and many other elements. Figure <x id="324" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[88]"/><g id="325"/>is made from the same table with a text label (Fuel Purchases), a list box placed in PaymentType, and a graphic background.</source>
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<source><x id="326" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[44]/text:list-item[0]/text:p[0]/text:soft-page-break[0]"/>Tip</source>
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<source>A list box is useful when a field contains a fixed choice of options. It saves you from having to type data by hand, and ensures that invalid options are not entered.</source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/table:table[0]/table:table-header-rows[0]/table:table-row[0]/table:table-cell[0]/text:p[0]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[1]">
<source>Figure <x id="327" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/table:table[0]/table:table-header-rows[0]/table:table-row[0]/table:table-cell[0]/text:p[0]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[1]"/>: Fields of a simple form</source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/table:table[0]/table:table-header-rows[0]/table:table-row[0]/table:table-cell[1]/text:p[0]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[1]">
<source>Figure <x id="328" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/table:table[0]/table:table-header-rows[0]/table:table-row[0]/table:table-cell[1]/text:p[0]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[1]"/>: Simple form with additions</source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[90]">
<source>In our database, payments for food or fuel might be made from one of two credit cards (Dan or Kevin) or in cash, so these would be the available options for all boxes that contain payments. </source>
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<source>To create a list box, we first need to create a small, separate table containing the options. This is then linked to the corresponding field in the form. The topic is dealt with in detail in the Base User Guide and will not be pursued further here.</source>
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<source><x id="329" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[9]/text:bookmark-start[0]"/><x id="330" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[9]/text:reference-mark-start[0]"/>Using the <x id="331" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[9]/text:alphabetical-index-mark[0]"/>Wizard to create a form<x id="332" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[9]/text:bookmark-end[0]"/><x id="333" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:h[9]/text:reference-mark-end[0]"/></source>
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<source>We will use <x id="334" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[92]/text:alphabetical-index-mark[0]"/>the Form Wizard to create a Vacations form, which will contain a form and a subform.</source>
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<source>In the main database window (Figure <x id="335" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[93]"/>), click the <g id="336">Forms</g> icon in the left column. In the Tasks list, double-click <g id="337">Use Wizard to Create Form</g> to open the Form Wizard (Figure <x id="338" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[93]"/>). Simple forms require only some of these steps, while more complex forms may use all of them.</source>
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<source>Step 1: Select fields</source>
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<source>Under Tables or queries, select Table: Vacations. <g id="339">Available fields</g> lists the fields for the Vacations table.</source>
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<source>Click the right double arrow to move all of these fields to the <g id="340">Fields in the form</g> list. Click <g id="341">Next</g>.</source>
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<source><x id="342" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[95]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]/draw:frame[0]"/>Figure <x id="343" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[95]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]"/>: Form Wizard steps</source>
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<source>Step 2: Set up a subform</source>
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<source>Since we have already created a relationship between the Fuel and Vacations tables, we will use that relationship. If no relationship had been defined, this would need to be done in step 4.</source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[46]/text:list-item[0]/text:p[0]">
<source>Click the box labeled <g id="344">Add Subform.</g></source>
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<source>Click Subform based upon existing relation.</source>
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<source>Fuel is listed as a relation we want to add. So click Fuel to highlight it, as in Figure <x id="345" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[46]/text:list-item[2]/text:p[0]"/>. Click <g id="346">Next</g>.</source>
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<source><x id="347" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[98]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]/draw:frame[0]"/>Figure <x id="348" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[98]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]"/>: Adding a subform</source>
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<source>Step 3: Add subform fields</source>
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<source>This step is similar to step 1. The only difference is that not all of the fields will be used in the subform.</source>
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<source>Fuel is preselected under <g id="349">Tables or queries</g>.</source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[47]/text:list-item[1]/text:p[0]">
<source>Use the <g id="350">>></g> button to move all the fields to the right.</source>
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<source>Click the <g id="351">FuelID</g> field to highlight it.</source>
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<source>Use the <g id="352"><</g> button to move the <g id="353">FuelID</g> to the left (Figure <x id="354" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[47]/text:list-item[3]/text:p[0]"/>). </source>
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<source>Click <g id="355">Next</g>.</source>
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<source><x id="356" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[101]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]/draw:frame[0]"/>Figure <x id="357" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[101]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]"/>: Selecting fields of a sub form</source>
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<source>Step 4: </source>
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<source>Get joined fields</source>
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<source>This step is for tables or queries for which no relationship has been defined. Because we have already defined the relationship, the wizard skips this step.</source>
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<source><x id="358" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[48]/text:list-item[0]/text:p[0]/text:soft-page-break[0]"/>Note</source>
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<source>It is possible to create a relationship between two tables that is based upon more than one pair of fields. How to do that and why is discussed in the <g id="359">Base Guide</g>.</source>
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<source>Caution</source>
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<source>When selecting a pair of fields from two tables to use as a relationship, they have to have the same field type. That is why we used the Date field from both tables: both their field types are Date[DATE].</source>
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<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[106]">
<source>Whether a single pair of fields from two tables are chosen as the relationship, or two or more pairs are chosen, certain requirements must be met for the form to work.</source>
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<source>One of the fields from the main form must be the Primary key for its table. (Date would have to be used.)</source>
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<source>No field from the subform can be the Primary key for its table. (<g id="360">FuelID</g> cannot be used.)</source>
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<source>Each pair of joined fields must have the same file type.</source>
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<source>Step 5: Arrange controls</source>
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<source>A control in a form consists of two parts: label and field. This step in creating the form determines where a control’s label and field are placed relative to each other. The four choices from left to right are <g id="361">Columnar left, Columnar—Labels on top</g>, As <g id="362">Data Sheet, and In Blocks – Labels Above</g>.</source>
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<source>Arrangement of the main form: Click the second icon (<g id="363">Columnar—Labels on top</g>). The labels will be placed above their field.</source>
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<source>Arrangement of the sub form: Click the third icon (<g id="364">As Data Sheet</g>). (The labels are column headings and the field entries are in spreadsheet format.) Click <g id="365">Next</g>.</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[109]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]">
<source><x id="366" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[109]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]/draw:frame[0]"/>Figure <x id="367" xid="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[109]/draw:frame[0]/draw:text-box[0]/text:p[0]"/>: Arrange controls</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[110]/text:span[0]">
<source>Step 6: Set data entry</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[111]">
<source>Unless you have a need for any of these entries to be checked, accept the default settings. Click <g id="368">Next</g>.</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[112]/text:span[0]">
<source>Step 7: Apply styles</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[52]/text:list-item[0]/text:p[0]">
<source>Select the color you want in the <g id="369">Apply Styles</g> list. (I chose the beige.)</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[52]/text:list-item[1]/text:p[0]">
<source>Select the Field border you want. (I prefer the 3D look. You might want to experiment with the different possible settings.)</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:list[52]/text:list-item[2]/text:p[0]">
<source>Click <g id="370">Next</g>.</source>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit xml:space="preserve" id="office:document-content[0]/office:body[0]/office:text[0]/text:p[113]/text:span[0]">
<source>Step 8: Set name</source>
</trans-unit>