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003.html
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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>周纪 第三章 周纪三</title><meta property="og:title" content="周纪 第三章 周纪三"><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,height=device-height,initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"><meta property="og:type" content="website"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"><style>@media screen{body,html{background:#000;height:100%;margin:0;overflow:hidden}[data-bespoke-marp-fragment=inactive]{visibility:hidden}.bespoke-marp-osc{display:none;opacity:0}.bespoke-marp-parent{bottom:0;left:0;position:absolute;right:0;top:0}.bespoke-marp-parent>.bespoke-marp-osc{background:rgba(0,0,0,.65);border-radius:7px;bottom:50px;color:#fff;display:block;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;left:50%;line-height:0;opacity:1;padding:12px;position:absolute;touch-action:manipulation;transform:translateX(-50%);transition:opacity .2s linear;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;white-space:nowrap;z-index:1}.bespoke-marp-parent>.bespoke-marp-osc>*{margin-left:6px}.bespoke-marp-parent>.bespoke-marp-osc>:first-child{margin-left:0}.bespoke-marp-parent>.bespoke-marp-osc>span{opacity:.8}.bespoke-marp-parent>.bespoke-marp-osc>span[data-bespoke-marp-osc=page]{display:inline-block;min-width:140px;text-align:center}.bespoke-marp-parent>.bespoke-marp-osc>button{-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;background-color:transparent;border:0;color:inherit;cursor:pointer;font-size:inherit;opacity:.8;outline:none;padding:0;transition:opacity .2s 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.bespoke-progress-bar{flex:0 0 0;background:#0288d1;transition:flex-basis .2s cubic-bezier(0,1,1,1)}}@media print{.bespoke-marp-osc,.bespoke-progress-parent{display:none!important;transition:none!important}.bespoke-marp-parent{top:0}}</style><style>@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=BioRhyme&display=swap');@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Cairo&display=swap');@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/9.15.10/styles/color-brewer.min.css');@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/9.15.10/styles/codepen-embed.min.css');article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section {
width: 1280px;
height: 720px;
box-sizing: border-box;
overflow: hidden;
position: relative;
scroll-snap-align: center center;
}article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section::after {
bottom: 0;
content: attr(data-marpit-pagination);
padding: inherit;
pointer-events: none;
position: absolute;
right: 0;
}article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section:not([data-marpit-pagination])::after {
display: none;
}/* Normalization */article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section h1 {
font-size: 2em;
margin: 0.67em 0;
}@page {
size: 1280px 720px;
margin: 0;
}@media print {html, body {
background-color: #fff;
margin: 0;
page-break-inside: avoid;
break-inside: avoid-page;
}
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section {
page-break-before: always;
break-before: page;
}
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section, article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section * {
-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact !important;
color-adjust: exact !important;
}
article#presentation > svg[data-marpit-svg] {
display: block;
height: 100vh;
width: 100vw;
}
}article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section svg[data-marp-fitting=svg]{display:block;height:auto;width:100%}@supports (-ms-ime-align:auto){article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section svg[data-marp-fitting=svg]{position:static}}article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section svg[data-marp-fitting=svg].__reflow__{content:""}@supports (-ms-ime-align:auto){article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section svg[data-marp-fitting=svg].__reflow__{position:relative}}article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section [data-marp-fitting-svg-content]{display:table;white-space:nowrap}article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section [data-marp-fitting-svg-content-wrap]{white-space:pre}article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section img[data-marp-twemoji]{background:transparent;height:1em;margin:0 .05em 0 .1em;vertical-align:-.1em;width:1em}
/* @import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Source+Sans+Pro&display=swap'); */
/* @import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans&display=swap'); */
@media print {
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section .html5-audio-player {
visibility: hidden;
}
}
@font-face {
font-family: AXingKai;
src: url(assets/fonts/HanYiQuanTangShiJian-1.ttf);
}
/*!
* Marp / Marpit Uncover theme
*
* @theme uncover
* @author Yuki Hattori
*
* @auto-scaling fittingHeader,math
* @size 4:3 960px 720px
*/
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
font-family: 'AXingKai', 'Cairo', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;
flex-wrap: nowrap;
font-size: 32px;
height: 720px;
justify-content: center;
/* letter-spacing: 3px; */
line-height: 1.6;
padding: 30px 70px;
position: relative;
text-align: center;
width: 1280px;
z-index: 0;
background: #fdfcff;
color: #202228;
}
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section::after {
align-items: flex-end;
display: flex;
font-size: 0.6em;
height: 80px;
justify-content: flex-end;
padding: 30px;
text-align: right;
width: 80px;
}
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section::after {
/*
* Gradient with hard stops has incorrect rendering in Firefox's PDF.js
* @see https://github.com/mozilla/pdf.js/issues/10572
*/
background: url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg xmlns="http:https://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 1 1" width="1" height="1"><path d="M0 1h1v-1Z" fill="rgba(32, 34, 40, 0.05)"/></svg>") no-repeat center center;
background-size: cover;
color: #202228;
text-shadow: 0 0 5px #fdfcff;
}
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section pre, article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section code {
background: #f2f1f4;
color: #202228;
}
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section a {
color: #009dd5;
}
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section a:hover {
color: #087eaa;
}
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section h1 strong, article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section h2 strong, article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section h3 strong, article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section h4 strong, article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section h5 strong, article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section h6 strong {
color: #33b1dd;
}
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section header, article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section footer {
color: rgba(32, 34, 40, 0.4);
text-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(253, 252, 255, 0.8);
text-align: left;
}
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section mark {
color: #009dd5;
background: transparent;
}
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section:not(.invert) {
}
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section.invert {
background: #202228;
color: #fff;
}
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section.invert::after {
/*
* Gradient with hard stops has incorrect rendering in Firefox's PDF.js
* @see https://github.com/mozilla/pdf.js/issues/10572
*/
background: url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg xmlns="http:https://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 1 1" width="1" height="1"><path d="M0 1h1v-1Z" fill="rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05)"/></svg>") no-repeat center center;
background-size: cover;
color: #fff;
text-shadow: 0 0 5px #202228;
}
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section.invert pre, article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section.invert code {
background: #2b2d33;
color: #fff;
}
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section.invert a {
color: #60d0f0;
}
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section.invert a:hover {
color: #88dcf4;
}
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section.invert h1 strong, article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section.invert h2 strong, article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section.invert h3 strong, article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section.invert h4 strong, article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section.invert h5 strong, article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section.invert h6 strong {
color: #80d9f3;
}
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section.invert header, article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section.invert footer {
color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
text-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(32, 34, 40, 0.8);
}
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section.invert mark {
color: #60d0f0;
background: transparent;
}
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section > *:first-child, article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section[data-header] > :nth-child(2) {
margin-top: 0;
}
article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section > *:last-child, article#presentation > svg > foreignObject > section[data-footer] > :nth-last-child(2) {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
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}</style></head><body><div class="bespoke-marp-osc"><button data-bespoke-marp-osc="prev" tabindex="-1" title="Previous slide">Previous slide</button><span data-bespoke-marp-osc="page"></span><button data-bespoke-marp-osc="next" tabindex="-1" title="Next slide">Next slide</button><button data-bespoke-marp-osc="fullscreen" tabindex="-1" title="Toggle fullscreen (f)">Toggle fullscreen</button></div><article id="presentation"><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="1" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="1" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<h1>周纪 第三章 周纪三</h1>
</section>
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<p>起重光赤奋若,尽昭阳大渊献,凡二十三年。</p>
</section>
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<h1>慎靓王</h1>
</section>
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<h2>元年(辛丑,公元前三二零年)</h2>
</section>
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<p>卫更贬号曰君。</p>
</section>
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<h2>二年(壬寅,公元前三一九年)</h2>
</section>
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<p>秦伐魏,取鄢。</p>
</section>
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<p>魏惠王薨,子襄王立。孟子入见而出,语人曰:<strong>「望之不似人君,就之而不见所畏焉。卒然问曰:‘天下恶乎定?’吾对曰:‘定于一。’‘孰能一之?’对曰:‘不嗜杀人者能一之。’‘孰能与之?’对曰:‘天下莫不与也。王知夫苗乎?七八月之间旱,则苗槁矣。天油然作云,沛然下雨,则苗浡然兴之矣。其如是,孰能御之?’」</strong></p>
</section>
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<h2>三年(癸卯,公元前三一八年)</h2>
</section>
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<p>楚、赵、魏、韩、燕同伐秦,攻函谷关<sup>1</sup>。秦人出兵逆之,五国之师皆败走<sup>2</sup>。</p>
<div class="note">
<p>[1] 《战国策 卷四 秦策二》:义渠君之魏,公孙衍谓义渠君曰:“道远,臣不得复过矣,请谒事情。”义渠君曰:“愿闻之。”对曰:“中国无事于秦,则秦且烧爇获君之国;中国为有事于秦, 则秦且轻使重币,而事君之国也。”义渠君曰:“谨闻令。”居无几何,五国伐秦。陈轸谓秦王曰:“义渠君者,蛮夷之贤君,王不如赂之以抚其心。”秦王曰: “善。”因以文绣千匹,好女百人,遗义渠君。义渠君致群臣而谋曰:“此乃公孙衍之所谓也。”因起兵袭秦,大败秦人于李帛之下。<br />
[2] 《史记卷五 秦本纪第五》:七年,乐池相秦。韩、赵、魏、燕、齐帅匈奴共攻秦。秦使庶长疾与战修鱼,虏其将申差,败赵公子渴、韩太子奂,斩首八万二千。</p>
</div>
</section>
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<h3>宋初称王。</h3>
</section>
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<h2>四年(甲辰,公元前三一七年)</h2>
</section>
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<p>秦败韩师于修鱼,斩首八万级,虏其将 叟、申差于浊泽。诸侯振恐。</p>
<div class="note">
<p>地图来自:<a href="https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/61461882">https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/61461882</a></p>
<p>根据《战国策》、《史记》等史料的记载,修鱼之战只开始了两天,秦军实际上就在南北两线捅破了两个缺口,而且派驻军队镇守缺口。在经过一番激烈地较量后,秦国大军取得了最后的胜利,三晋联军大败,伤亡8.2万余人,韩将申差等被俘。在修鱼之战中,魏国、韩国、赵国这三国中,赵国、韩国的伤亡都在3万人以上,魏国则是1万多伤亡。不过,对于秦国来说,虽然赢得了修鱼之战的胜利,其也损失了7万多人,也即“杀敌一千,自损八百”。</p>
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<p>齐大夫与苏秦争宠,使人刺秦,杀之。</p>
<div class="note">
<p>《史记 苏秦列传第九》: 易王母,文侯夫人也,与苏秦私通。燕王知之,而事之加厚。苏秦恐诛,乃说燕王曰:“臣居燕不能使燕重,而在齐则燕必重。”燕王曰:“唯先生之所为。”於是苏秦详为得罪於燕而亡走齐,齐宣王以为客卿。国学齐宣王卒,湣王即位,说湣王厚葬以明孝,高宫室大苑囿以明得意,欲破敝齐而为燕。燕易王卒,燕哙立为王。其後齐大夫多与苏秦争宠者,而使人刺苏秦,不死,殊而走。齐王使人求贼,不得。苏秦且死,乃谓齐王曰:“臣即死,车裂臣以徇於市,曰‘苏秦为燕作乱於齐’,如此则臣之贼必得矣。”於是如其言,而杀苏秦者果自出,齐王因而诛之。燕闻之曰:“甚矣,齐之为苏生报仇也!”</p>
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<p>张仪说魏襄王曰:<strong>「梁地方不至千里,卒不过三十万,地四平,无名山大川之限,卒戍楚、韩、齐、赵之境,宁亭、障者不下十万,梁之地势固战场也。夫诸侯之约从,盟洹水之上,结为兄弟以相坚也。今亲兄弟同父母,尚有争钱财相杀伤,而欲恃反覆苏秦之余谋,其不可成亦明矣。大王不事秦,秦下兵攻河外,据卷衍、酸枣,劫卫,取阳晋,则赵不南,赵不南而梁不北,梁不北则从道绝,从道绝则大王之国欲毋危,不可得也。故愿大王审定计议,且赐骸骨。」</strong> 魏王乃倍从约,而因仪以请成于秦。张仪归,复相秦。</p>
</section>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/14.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>鲁景公薨,子平公旅立。</p>
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<h2>五年(乙巳,公元前三一六年)</h2>
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<p>巴、蜀相攻击,俱告急于秦。秦惠王欲伐蜀。以为道险狭难至,而韩又来侵,犹豫未能决。司马错请伐蜀。张仪曰:<strong>「不如伐韩。」</strong> 王曰:<strong>「请闻其说。」</strong> 仪曰:<strong>「亲魏,善楚,下兵三川,攻新城、宜阳,以临二周之郊,据九鼎,按图籍,挟天子以令于天下,天下莫敢不听,此王业也。臣闻争名者于朝,争利者于市。今三川、周室,天下之朝、市也,而王不争焉,顾争于戎翟,去王业远矣!」</strong> 司马错曰:<strong>「不然,臣闻之,<em>欲富国者务广其地,欲强兵者务富其民,欲王者务博其德</em>,三资者备而王随之矣。今王地小民贫,故臣愿先从事于易。夫蜀,西僻之国而戎翟之长也,有桀、纣之乱,以秦攻之,譬如使豺狼逐群羊。<em>得其地足以广国,取其财足以富民,缮兵不伤众而彼已服焉</em>。拔一国而天下不以为暴,利尽西海而天下不以为贪,是我一举而名实附也,而又有禁暴止乱之名。今攻韩,劫天子,恶名也,而未必利也,又有不义之名,而攻天下所不欲,危矣!臣请论其故。周,天下之宗室也;齐,韩之与国也。周自知失九鼎,韩自知亡三川,将二国并力合谋,以因乎齐、赵而求解乎楚、魏。以鼎与楚,以地与魏,王弗能止也。此臣之所谓危也。不如伐蜀完。」</strong> 王从错计,起兵伐蜀。十月取之。贬蜀王,更号为侯,而使陈庄相蜀。蜀既属秦,秦以益强,富厚,轻诸侯。</p>
<div class="note">
<p>修鱼之战秦国大胜三晋,解除第一次合纵之围,但自己也损失不小。所以在巴蜀相争时,否定了张仪的亲魏,善楚,伐韩,挟天子令诸侯的主意,采用了司马错的建议,平定后方,广辟土地。</p>
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<p>苏秦既死,秦弟代、厉亦以游说显于诸侯。燕相子之与苏代婚,欲得燕权。苏代使于齐而还,燕王哙问曰:<strong>「齐王其霸乎?」</strong> 对曰:<strong>「不能。」</strong> 王曰:<strong>「何故?」</strong> 对曰:<strong>「不信其臣。」</strong> 于是燕王专任子之。鹿毛寿谓燕王曰:<strong>「人之谓尧贤者,以其能让天下也。今王以国让子之,是王与尧同名也。」</strong> 燕王因属国于子之,子之大重。或曰:<strong>「禹荐益而以启人为吏,及老而以启为不足任天下,传之于益。启与交党攻益,夺之,天下谓禹名传天下于益而实令启自取之。今王言属国于子之而吏无非太子人者,是名属子之而实太子用事也。」</strong> 王因收印绶,自三百石吏已上而效之子之。子之南面行王事,而哙老,不听政,顾为臣,国事皆决于子之。</p>
</section>
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<h2>六年(丙午,公元前三一五年)</h2>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/20.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>王崩,子赧王延立。</p>
</section>
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<h1>赧王上</h1>
</section>
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<h2>元年(丁未,公元前三一四年)</h2>
</section>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/23.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>秦人侵义渠,得二十五城。</p>
</section>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/24.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>魏人叛秦。秦人伐魏,取曲沃而归其人。又败韩于岸门,韩太子仓入质于秦以和。</p>
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<p>燕子之为王三年,国内大乱。将军市被与太子平谋攻子之。齐王令人谓燕太子曰:<strong>「寡人闻太子将饬君臣之义,明父子之位,寡人之国虽小,唯太子所以令之。」</strong> 太子因要党聚众,使市被攻子之,不克。市被反攻太子。构难数月,死者数万人,百姓恫恐。齐王令章子将五都之兵,因北地之众以伐燕。燕士卒不战,城门不闭。齐人取子之,<abbr data-title="hǎi,本意是指肉酱,也指将人剁成肉酱">醢</abbr> 之,遂杀燕王哙。</p>
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<p>齐王问孟子曰:<strong>「或谓寡人勿取燕,或谓寡人取之。以万乘之国伐万乘之国,五旬而举之,人力不至于此;不取,必有天殃。取之何如?」</strong> 孟子对曰:<strong>「取之而燕民悦由取之,古之人有行之者,武王是也;取之而燕民不悦则勿取,古之人有行之者,文王是也。以万乘之国伐万乘之国,箪食壶浆以迎王师,岂有他哉?避水火也。如水益深,如火益热,亦运而已矣!」</strong> 诸侯将谋救燕。齐王谓孟子曰:<strong>「诸侯多谋伐寡人者,何以待之?」</strong> 对曰:<strong>「臣闻七十里为政于天下者,汤是也。未闻以千里畏人者也。《书》曰:‘徯我后,后来其苏。’今燕虐其民,王往而征之,民以为将拯己于水火之中也,箪食壶浆以迎王师。若杀其父兄,系累其子弟,毁其宗庙,迁其重器,如之何其可也!天下固畏齐之强也,今又倍地而不行仁政,是动天下之兵也。速出令,反其旄倪,止其重器,谋于燕众,置君而后去之,则犹可及止也。」</strong> 齐王不听。已而燕人叛。齐王曰:<strong>「吾甚惭于孟子。」</strong> 陈贾曰:<strong>「王无患焉。」</strong> 乃见孟子,问曰:<strong>「周公何人也?」</strong> 曰:<strong>「古圣人也。」</strong> 陈贾曰:<strong>「周公使管叔监商,管叔以商畔也。周公知其将畔而使之与?」</strong> 曰:<strong>「不知也。」</strong> 陈贾曰:<strong>「然则圣人亦有过与?」</strong> 曰:<strong>「周公,弟也;管叔,兄也,周公之过不亦宜乎!且古之君子,过则改之;今之君子,过则顺之。古之君子,其过也如日月之食,民皆见之。及其更也,民皆仰之。今之君子,岂徒顺之,又从为之辞!」</strong></p>
</section>
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<p>是岁,齐宣王薨,子湣王地立。</p>
</section>
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<h2>二年(戊申,公元前三一三年)</h2>
</section>
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<p><br />
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<p>秦右更疾伐赵。拔蔺,虏其将庄豹。</p>
<div class="note">
<p>樗里疾(?―前300年),又称樗里子、严君疾,嬴姓,赵氏,名疾,战国时期秦国宗室将领,秦孝公庶子,秦惠文王异母弟,其母为韩国人。能说会道,足智多谋,绰号“智囊”,擅长外交、军事。辅佐秦惠文王,修鱼之战后被拜为右更,攻取魏国曲沃、赵国蔺邑和楚国汉中,攻城略地,封于蜀郡严道县(今四川省荥经县严道镇),号严君。秦武王即位后,驱逐张仪和魏章,任命战功卓著的樗里子为右丞相,精通韬略的甘茂为左丞相。二人相得益彰,推动大规模对外战争,扩张秦国版图,为后来秦国统一中国打下坚实根基。</p>
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<p>秦王欲伐齐,患齐、楚之从亲,乃使张仪至楚,说楚王曰:<strong>「大王诚能听臣,闭关绝约于齐,臣请献商于之地六百里,使秦女得为大王箕帚之妾,秦、楚娶妇嫁女,长为兄弟之国。」</strong> 楚王说而许之。君臣皆贺,陈轸独吊。王怒曰:<strong>「寡人不兴师而得六百里地,何吊也?」</strong> 对曰:<strong>「不然。以臣观之,商于之地不可得而齐、秦合。齐、秦合则患必至矣!」</strong> 王曰:<strong>「有说乎?」</strong> 对曰:<strong>「夫秦之所以重楚者,以其有齐也。今闭关绝约于齐,则楚孤,秦奚贪夫孤国,而与之商于之地六百里?张仪至秦,必负王。是王北绝齐交,西生患于秦也。两国之兵必俱至。为王计者,不若阴合而阳绝于齐,使人随张仪。苟与吾地,绝齐未晚也。」</strong> 王曰 <strong>「愿陈子闭口,毋复言,以待寡人得地!」</strong> 乃以相印授张仪,厚赐之。遂闭关绝约于齐,使一将军随张仪至秦。</p>
</section>
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<p>仪佯堕车,不朝三月。楚王闻之,曰:<strong>「仪以寡人绝齐未甚邪?」</strong> 乃使勇士宋遗借宋之符,北骂齐王。齐王大怒,折节而事秦,齐、秦之交合。张仪乃朝,见楚使者曰:<strong>「子何不受地?从某至某,广袤六里。」</strong> 使者怒,还报楚王。楚王大怒,欲发兵而攻秦。陈轸曰:<strong>「轸可发口言乎?攻之不如因赂以一名都,与之并兵而攻齐,是我亡地于秦,取偿于齐也。今王已绝于齐而责欺于秦,是吾合秦、齐之交而来天下之兵也,国必大伤矣!」</strong> 楚王不听,使屈匄帅师伐秦。秦亦发兵使庶长章击之。</p>
</section>
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<h2>三年(己酉,公元前三一二年)</h2>
</section>
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<p>春,秦师及楚战于丹杨,楚师大败,斩甲士八万,虏屈匄及列侯、执珪七十余人,遂取汉中郡。楚王悉发国内兵以复袭秦,战于蓝田,楚师大败。韩、魏闻楚之困,南袭楚,至邓。楚人闻之,乃引兵归,割两城以请平于秦。</p>
<div class="note">
<p>丹阳之战后的楚国,面对败局并不甘心,集中了几乎所有精锐的孤注一掷攻打秦国。楚国的军事冒险取得了成功,不仅收回了全部失地,而且击破了武关,到达距离咸阳百里左右的蓝田。蓝田是商於之地北侧的关隘,是防守咸阳的重镇。当时的形势十分危急,北宋年间出土的《诅楚文》表明当时秦国战局已经很不利,秦王甚至要祭天祈求诸神保佑"克剂楚师"。<em>所以这里没道理「楚师大败」</em>。蓝田之战的最终结局并非在蓝田战场上,由于楚军精锐尽出,忽略了南阳的防守(也有可能是实在无兵可调)。韩国、魏国联军攻占召陵(今河南漯河境内),直逼邓(今河南南阳境内),而此时齐国兵败,无力支援楚国。这意味着楚军的后路即将被切断,而秦军的顽强也使得楚军几无可能在后路被断之前击破秦军,楚军面临前后夹击的危险。楚军只能连夜撤退并向秦国割地求和。见:<a href="http:https://m.qulishi.com/huati/ltzz">http:https://m.qulishi.com/huati/ltzz</a></p>
</div>
</section>
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<p>燕人共立太子平,是为昭王,昭王于破燕之后即位,吊死问孤,与百姓同甘苦,卑身厚币以招贤者。谓郭隗曰:<strong>「齐因孤之国乱而袭破燕,孤极知燕小力少,不足以报。然诚得贤士与共国,以雪先王之耻,孤之愿也。先生视可者,得身事之!」</strong> 郭隗曰:<strong>「古之人君有以千金使涓人求千里马者,马已死,买其首五百金而返。君大怒,涓人曰:‘死马且买之,况生者乎?马今至矣。’不期年,千里之马至者三。今王必欲致士,先从隗始。况贤于隗者,岂远千里哉?」</strong> 于是昭王为隗改筑宫而师事之。于是士争趣燕。乐毅自魏往,剧辛自赵往。昭王以乐毅为亚卿,任以国政。</p>
</section>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/36.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>韩宣惠王薨,子襄王仓立。</p>
</section>
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<h2>四年(庚戌,公元前三一一年)</h2>
</section>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/38.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>蜀相杀蜀侯。</p>
</section>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/39_40_41.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>秦惠王使人告楚怀王,请以武关之外易黔中地。楚王曰:<strong>「不愿易地,愿得张仪而献黔中地。」</strong> 张仪闻之,请行。王曰:<strong>「楚将甘心于子,奈何行?」</strong> 张仪曰:<strong>「秦强楚弱,大王在,楚不宜敢取臣。且臣善其嬖臣靳尚,靳尚得事幸姬郑袖,袖之言,王无不听者。」</strong> 遂往。楚王囚,将杀之。靳尚谓郑袖曰:<strong>「秦王甚爱张仪,将以上庸六县及美女赎之。王重地尊秦,秦女必贵而夫人斥矣。」</strong> 于是郑袖日夜泣于楚王曰:<strong>「臣各为其主耳。今杀张仪,秦必大怒。妾请子母俱迁江南,毋为秦所鱼肉也!」</strong> 王乃赦张仪而厚礼之。张仪因说楚王曰:<strong>「夫为从者无以异于驱群羊而攻猛虎,不格明矣。今王不事秦,秦劫韩驱梁而攻楚,则楚危矣。秦西有巴、蜀,治船积粟,浮岷江而下,一日行五百余里,不至十日而拒扞关,扞关惊则从境以东尽城守矣,黔中、巫郡非王之有。秦举甲出武关,则北地绝。秦兵之攻楚也,危难在三月之内,而楚待诸侯之救在半岁之外。夫待弱国之救,忘强秦之祸,此臣所为大王患也。大王诚能听臣,请令秦、楚长为兄弟之国,无相攻伐。」</strong> 楚王已得张仪而重出黔中地,乃许之。张仪遂之韩,说韩王曰:<strong>「韩地险恶山居,五谷所生,非菽而麦,国无二岁之食,见卒不过二十万。秦被甲百余万。山东之士被甲蒙胄而会战,秦人捐甲徒裼以趋敌,左挈人头,右挟生虏。夫战孟贲、乌获之士以攻不服之弱国,无异垂千钧之重于鸟卵之上,必无幸矣。大王不事秦,秦下甲据宜阳,塞成皋,则王之国分矣。鸿台之宫,桑林之宛,非王之有也。为大王计,莫如事秦而攻楚,以转祸而悦秦。计无便于此者。」</strong> 韩王许之。</p>
</section>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/42_43.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>张仪归报,秦王封以六邑,号武信君。复使东说齐王曰:<strong>「从人说大王者必曰:‘齐蔽于三晋,地广民众,兵强士勇,虽有百秦,将无奈齐何。’大王贤其说而不计其实。今秦、楚嫁女娶妇,为昆弟之国;韩献宜阳;梁效河外;赵王入朝,割河间以事秦。大王不事秦,秦驱韩、梁攻齐之南地,悉赵兵,渡清河,指博关,临菑、即墨非王之有也!国一日见攻,虽欲事秦,不可得也!」</strong> 齐王许张仪。张仪去,西说赵王曰:<strong>「大王收率天下以摈秦,秦兵不敢出函谷关十五年。大王之威行于山东,敝邑恐惧,缮甲厉兵,力田积粟,愁居慑处,不敢动摇,唯大王有意督过之也。今以大王之力,举巴、蜀,并汉中,包两周,守白马之津。秦虽僻远,然而心忿含怒之日久矣。今秦有敝甲凋兵军于渑池,愿渡河,逾漳,据番吾,会邯郸之下,愿以甲子合战,正殷纣之事。谨使使臣先闻左右。今楚与秦为昆弟之国,而韩、梁称东籓之臣,齐献鱼盐之地,此断赵之右肩也。夫断右肩而与人斗,失其党而孤居,求欲毋危,得乎?今秦发三将军,其一军塞午道,告齐使渡清河,军于邯郸之东;一军军成皋,驱韩、梁军于河外;一军军于渑池,约四国为一以攻赵,赵服必四分其地。臣窃为大王计,莫如与秦王面相约而口相结,常为兄弟之国也。」</strong> 赵王许之。张仪乃北之燕,说燕王曰:<strong>「今赵王已入朝,效河间以事秦。大王不事秦,秦下甲云中、九原,驱赵而攻燕,则易水、长城非大王之有也。且今时齐、赵之于秦,犹郡县也,不敢妄举师以攻伐。今王事秦,长无齐、赵之患矣。」</strong> 燕王请献常山之尾五城以和。</p>
</section>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/44.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>张仪归报,未至咸阳,秦惠王薨,子武王立。武王自为太子时,不说张仪,及即位,群臣多毁短之。诸侯闻仪与秦王有隙,皆畔衡,复合从。</p>
</section>
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<h2>五年(辛亥,公元前三一零年)</h2>
</section>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/46_47.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>张仪说秦武王曰:<strong>「为王计者,东方有变,然后王可以多割得地也。臣闻齐王甚憎臣,臣之所在,齐必伐之。臣愿乞其不肖之身以之梁,齐必伐梁,齐、梁交兵而不能相去,王以其间伐韩,入三川,挟天子,案图籍,此王业也。」</strong> 王许之。齐王果伐梁,梁王恐。张仪曰:<strong>「王勿患也。请令齐罢兵。」</strong> 乃使其舍人之楚,借使谓齐王曰:<strong>「甚矣,王之托仪于秦也!」</strong> 齐王曰:<strong>「何故?」</strong> 楚使者曰:<strong>「张仪之去秦也,固与秦王谋矣,欲齐、梁相攻而令秦取三川也。今王果伐梁,是王内罢国而外伐与国,以信仪于秦王也。」</strong> 齐王乃解兵还。张仪相魏一岁,卒。仪与苏秦皆以纵横之术游诸侯,致位富贵,天下争慕效之。又有魏人公孙衍者,号曰犀首,亦以谈说显名。其余苏代、苏厉、周最、楼缓之徒,纷纭遍于天下,务以辩诈相高,不可胜纪。而仪、秦、衍最着。</p>
</section>
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<p>《孟子》论之曰:或谓:<strong>「张仪、公孙衍,岂不大丈夫哉!一怒而诸侯惧,安居而天下熄。」</strong> 孟子曰:<strong>「是恶足以为大丈夫哉?<em>君子立天下之正位,行天下之正道,得志则与民由之,不得志则独行其道,富贵不能淫,贫贱不能移,威武不能诎,是之谓大丈夫</em>。」</strong></p>
</section>
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<p>扬子《法言》曰:或问:<strong>「仪、秦学乎鬼谷术而习乎纵横言,安中国者各十余年,是夫?」</strong> 曰:<strong>「诈人也。圣人恶诸。」</strong> 曰:<strong>「孔子读而仪、秦行,何如也?」</strong> 曰:<strong>「甚矣凤鸣而鸷翰也!」</strong> <strong>「然则子贡不为欤?」</strong> 曰:<strong>「乱而不解,子贡耻诸。说而不富贵,仪、秦耻诸。」</strong> 或曰:<strong>「仪、秦其才矣乎,迹不蹈已?」</strong> 曰:<strong>「昔在任人,帝而难之,不以才矣。才乎才,非吾徒之才也。」</strong></p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="46" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="46" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
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<p>秦王使甘茂诛蜀相庄。</p>
</section>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/51.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>秦王、魏王会于临晋。</p>
</section>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/52.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>赵武灵王纳吴广之女孟姚,有宠,是为惠后。生子何。</p>
</section>
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<h2>六年(壬子,公元前三零九年)</h2>
</section>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/54.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>秦初置丞相,以樗里疾为右丞相。</p>
</section>
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<h2>七年(癸丑,公元前三零八年)</h2>
</section>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/56.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>秦、魏会于应。</p>
</section>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/57.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>秦王使甘茂约魏以伐韩,而令向寿辅行。甘茂至魏,令向寿还,谓王曰:<strong>「魏听臣矣,然愿王勿伐!」</strong> 王迎甘茂于息壤而问其故。对曰:<strong>「宜阳大县,其实郡也。今王倍数险,行千里,攻之难。鲁人有与曾参同姓名者杀人,人告其母,其母织自若也。及三人告之,其母投杼下机,逾墙而走。臣之贤不若曾参,王之信臣又不如其母,疑臣者非特三人,臣恐大王之投杼也。魏文侯令乐羊将而攻中山,三年而拔之。反而论功,文侯示之谤书一箧。乐羊再拜稽首曰:‘此非臣之功,君之力也。’今臣,羁旅之臣也,樗里子、公孙奭挟韩而议之,王必听之,是王欺魏王而臣受公仲侈之怨也。」</strong> 王曰:<strong>「寡人弗听也,请与子盟。」</strong> 乃盟于息壤。秋,甘茂、长封帅师伐宜阳。</p>
</section>
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<h2>八年(甲寅,公元前三零七年)</h2>
</section>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/59.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>甘茂攻宜阳,五月而不拔。樗里子、公孙奭果争之。秦王召甘茂,欲罢兵。甘茂曰:<strong>「息壤在彼。」</strong> 王曰:<strong>「有之。」</strong> 因大悉起兵以佐甘茂。斩首六万,遂拔宜阳。韩公仲侈入谢于秦以请平。</p>
</section>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/60.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>秦武王好以力戏,力士任鄙、乌获、孟说皆至大官。八月,王与孟说举鼎,绝脉而薨。族孟说。武王无子,异母弟稷为质于燕。国人逆而立之,是为昭襄王。昭襄王母芈八子,楚女也,实宣太后。</p>
</section>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/61_62.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>赵武灵王北略中山之地,至房子,遂之代,北至无穷,西至河,登黄华之上。与肥义谋胡服骑射以教百姓,曰:<strong>「愚者所笑,贤者察焉。虽驱世以笑我,胡地、中山,吾必有之!」</strong> 遂胡服。国人皆不欲,公子成称疾不朝。王使人请之曰:<strong>「家听于亲,国听于君。今寡人作教易服而公叔不服,吾恐天下议之也。制国有常,利民为本;从政有经,令行为上。明德先论于贱,而从政先信于贵,故愿慕公叔之义以成胡服之功也。」</strong> 公子成再拜稽首曰:<strong>「臣闻中国者,圣贤之所教也,礼乐之所用也,远方之所观赴也,蛮夷之所则效也。今王舍此而袭远方之服,变古之道,逆人之心,臣愿王熟图之也!」</strong> 使者以报。王自往请之,曰:<strong>「吾国东有齐、中山,北有燕、东胡,西有楼烦、秦、韩之边。今无骑射之备,则何以守之哉?先时中山负齐之强兵,侵暴吾地,系累吾民,引水围鄗;微社稷之神灵,则鄗几于不守也,先君丑之。故寡人变服骑射,欲以备四境之难,报中山之怨。而叔顺中国之俗,恶变服之名,以忘鄗事之丑,非寡人之所望也。」</strong> 公子成听命,乃赐胡服,明日服而朝。于是始出胡服令,而招骑射焉。</p>
</section>
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<h2>九年(乙卯,公元前三零六年)</h2>
</section>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/64.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>秦昭王使向寿平宜阳,而使樗里子、甘茂伐魏。甘茂言于王,以武遂复归之韩。向寿、公孙奭争之,不能得,由此怨谗甘茂。茂惧,辍伐魏蒲阪,亡去。樗里子与魏讲而罢兵。甘茂奔齐。</p>
</section>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/65.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>赵王略中山地,至宁葭;西略胡地,至榆中。林胡王献马。归,使楼缓<sup>*</sup>之秦,仇液之韩,王贲之楚,富丁之魏,赵爵之齐。代相赵固主胡,致其兵。</p>
<div class="note">
<p>楼缓(生卒年不详),战国时期赵国人,赵武灵王的大臣。前后侍奉赵武灵王和秦昭襄王两位著名的君王,活动时间跨度有四十多年,投秦后多次损害赵国,将赵王的愚蠢暴露无遗。《战国策》中涉及他的有10篇。主张与秦、楚联合,支持赵武灵王推行胡服骑射。后于公元前306年入秦。秦昭襄王十年(前297年)秦与赵、宋联合,谋对抗齐、魏、韩三国,由他出任秦丞相。次年三国攻入函谷关,秦求和。再次年被免去相职。长平战后,又为秦入赵,诱赵王纳城讲和,无成而去。</p>
</div>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="61" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="61" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/66.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>楚王与齐、韩合从。</p>
</section>
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<h2>十年(丙辰,公元前三零五年)</h2>
</section>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/68.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>彗星见。</p>
</section>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/69.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>赵王伐中山,取丹丘、爽阳、鸿之塞,又取鄗、石邑、封龙、东垣。中山献四邑以和。</p>
</section>
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<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/70.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>秦宣太后异父弟曰穰侯魏冉,同父弟曰华阳君芈戎;王之同母弟曰高陵君、泾阳君。魏冉最贤,自惠王、武王时,任职用事。武王薨,诸弟争立,唯魏冉力能立昭王。昭王即位,以冉为将军,卫咸阳。是岁,庶长壮及大臣、诸公子谋作乱,魏冉诛之;及惠文后皆不得良死,悼武王后出归于魏,王兄弟不善者,魏冉皆灭之。王少,宣太后自治事,任魏冉为政,威震秦国。</p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="66" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="66" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<h2>十一年(丁巳,公元前三零四年)</h2>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="67" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="67" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/72.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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</audio></p>
<p>秦王、楚王盟于黄棘。秦复与楚上庸。</p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="68" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="68" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<h2>十二年(戊午,公元前三零三年)</h2>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="69" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="69" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/74.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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</audio></p>
<p>彗星见。</p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="70" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="70" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/75.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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</audio></p>
<p>秦取魏蒲阪、晋阳、封陵,又取韩武遂。</p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="71" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="71" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/76.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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</audio></p>
<p>齐、韩、魏以楚负其从亲,合兵伐楚。楚王使太子横为质于秦而请救。秦客卿通将兵救楚,三国引兵去。</p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="72" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="72" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<h2>十三年(己未,公元前三零二年)</h2>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="73" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="73" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/78.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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</audio></p>
<p>秦王、魏王、韩太子婴会于临晋,韩太子至咸阳而归;秦复与魏蒲阪。</p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="74" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="74" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/79.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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</audio></p>
<p>秦大夫有私与楚太子斗者,太子杀之,亡归。</p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="75" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="75" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<h2>十四年(庚申,公元前三零一年)</h2>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="76" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="76" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/81.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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</audio></p>
<p>日有食之,既。</p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="77" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="77" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/82.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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</audio></p>
<p>秦人取韩穰。蜀宁煇叛秦,秦司马错往诛之。</p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="78" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="78" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/83.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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</audio></p>
<p>秦庶长奂会韩、魏、齐兵伐楚,败其师于重丘,杀其将唐昧;遂取重丘。</p>
<div class="note">
<p>垂沙之战:《吕氏春秋 处方》:齐令章子将而与韩、魏攻荆,荆令唐蔑将而拒之。军相当,六月而不战,齐令周最趣章子急战,其辞甚刻。章子对周最曰:“杀之、免之,残其家,王能得此于臣。不可以战而战,可以战而不战,王不能得此于臣。”与荆人夹沘水而军,章子令人视水可绝者,荆人射之,水不可得近。有刍水旁者,告齐候者,曰:“水浅深易知。荆人所盛守,尽其浅者也;所简守,皆其深者也。”候者载刍者与见章子,章子甚喜,因练卒以夜奄荆人之所盛守,果杀唐蔑。章子可谓知将分矣。</p>
</div>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="79" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="79" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/84.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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</audio></p>
<p>赵王伐中山,中山君奔齐。</p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="80" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="80" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<h2>十五年(辛酉,公元前三零零年)</h2>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="81" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="81" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/86.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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</audio></p>
<p>秦泾阳君为质于齐。</p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="82" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="82" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/87.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>秦华阳君伐楚,大破楚师,斩首三万,杀其将景缺,取楚襄城。楚王恐,使太子为质于齐以请平。</p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="83" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="83" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/88.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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</audio></p>
<p>秦樗里疾卒,以赵人楼缓为丞相。</p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="84" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="84" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/89.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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</audio></p>
<p>赵武灵王爱少子何,欲及其生而立之。</p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="85" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="85" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<h2>十六年(壬戌,公元前二九九年)</h2>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="86" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="86" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/91.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>五月戊申,大朝东宫,传国于何。王庙见礼毕,出临朝,大夫悉为臣。肥义为相国,并傅王。武灵王自号 <em>「主父」</em> 。主父欲使子治国,身胡服,将士大夫西北略胡地。将自云中、九原南袭咸阳,于是诈自为使者,入秦,欲以观秦地形及秦王之为人。秦王不知,已而怪其状甚伟,非人臣之度,使人逐之,主父行已脱关矣。审问之,乃主父也。秦人大惊。</p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="87" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="87" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/92.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>齐王、魏王会于韩。</p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-marpit-scope-NYL4d1Ry="" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="88" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;--marpit-advanced-background-split:50%;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="left"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("assets/images/003/wuguan.jpg");background-size:contain;"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="50%" height="720" x="50%"><section id="88" data-marpit-scope-NYL4d1Ry="" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="88" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;--marpit-advanced-background-split:50%;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="left">
<p><br />
<audio src="assets/audios/003/93.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>秦人伐楚,取八城。秦王遗楚王书曰:<strong>「始寡人与王约为兄弟,盟于黄棘,太子入质,至欢也。太子陵杀寡人之重臣,不谢而亡去。寡人诚不胜怒,使兵侵君王之边。今闻君王乃令太子质于齐以求平。寡人与楚接境,婚姻相亲。而今秦、楚不欢,则无以令诸侯。寡人愿与君王会武关,面相约,结盟而去,寡人之愿也!」</strong> 楚王患之,欲往,恐见欺,欲不往,恐秦益怒。昭睢曰:<strong>「毋行而发兵自守耳!秦,虎狼也,有并诸侯之心,不可信也!」</strong> 怀王之子子兰劝王行,王乃入秦。秦王令一将军诈为王,伏兵武关,楚王至则闭关劫之,与俱西,至咸阳,朝章台,如藩臣礼,要以割巫、黔中郡。楚王欲盟,秦王欲先得地。楚王怒曰:<strong>「秦诈我,而又强要我以地!」</strong> 因不复许,秦人留之。</p>
</section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="88" data-marpit-pagination-total="93"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="89" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="89" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/94.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>大臣患之,乃相与谋曰:<strong>「吾王在秦不得还,要以割地,而太子为质于齐。齐、秦合谋,则楚无国矣。」</strong> 欲立王子之在国者。昭睢曰:<strong>「王与太子俱困于诸侯,而今又倍王命而立其庶子,不宜!」</strong> 乃诈赴于齐。齐湣王召群臣谋之,或曰:<strong>「不若留太子以求楚之淮北。」</strong> 齐相曰:<strong>「不可。郢中立王,是吾抱空质而行不义于天下也。」</strong> 其人曰:<strong>「不然。郢中立王,因与其新王市曰:‘予我下东国,吾为王杀太子。不然,将与三国共立之。’」</strong> 齐王卒用其相计而归楚太子。楚人立之。秦王闻孟尝君之贤,使泾阳君为质于齐以请。孟尝君来入秦,秦王以为丞相。</p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="90" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="90" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<h2>十七年(癸亥,公元前二九八年)</h2>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="91" data-paginate="true" data-theme="muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld" data-marpit-pagination="91" data-marpit-pagination-total="93" style="--paginate:true;--theme:muu4mswba3i81hlarm6f46as598fki70k04rj71gzld;">
<p><audio src="assets/audios/003/96.mp3" controls class="html5-audio-player">
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<p>或谓秦王曰:<strong>「孟尝君相秦,必先齐而后秦。秦其危哉!」</strong> 秦王乃以楼缓为相,囚孟尝君,欲杀之。孟尝君使人求解于秦王幸姬,姬曰:<strong>「愿得君狐白裘。」</strong> 孟尝君有狐白裘,已献之秦王,无以应姬求。客有善为狗盗者,入秦藏中,盗狐白裘以献姬。姬乃为之言于王而遣之。王后悔,使追之。孟尝君至关。关法:鸡鸣而出客。时尚蚤,追者将至,客有善为鸡鸣者,野鸡闻之皆鸣。孟尝君乃得脱归。<sup>*</sup></p>
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