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as.htm
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as.htm
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<link href="stíl.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link rel="icon" href="favicon.ico">
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="Author" content="Lars Bräsicke">
<meta name="GENERATOR" content="me fein">
<title>The preposition as</title>
</head>
<body text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFCC99" link="#0000EE" vlink="#551A8B" alink="#FF0000" background="bg524f.jpg">
<table width="100%" bgcolor="#FFCC99">
<tr>
<td>
<h1 class="red">Caibidil a Cúig: Prepositions (Réamhfhocail)</h1>
<h2 id="oben"><i class="red">as = out </i></h2>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<hr width="100%">
<h3 class="lightgreen">Case</h3>
<p>as requires the dative.
<h3 class="lightgreen">Initial Mutations</h3>
<ul>
<li>without an article: no lenition/eclipsis e.g. <i>as baile = out of a city </i></li>
<li>with the article: <b>eclipsis</b> (except d, t) e.g.: <i>as an mbaile = out of the city </i>
<ul type="square">
<li>only in Munster, d,t also eclipses</li>
<li>in Connacht, a t-prefix precedes a femin. noun with s-: <i>as an tsúil</i></li>
<li>in Ulster, always <b>lenition</b>: <i>as an bhaile</i></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<h3 class="lightgreen">Interrogative:</h3>
<ul>
<li><b class="red">cé/cad as</b> ? = from where, out of where?</li>
</ul>
<h3 class="lightgreen">Combined with personal pronouns:</h3>
<table border width="45%" bgcolor="#FFFFCC">
<tr>
<td> </td>
<td><b>general</b></td>
<td><b>contrast form </b></td>
<td><b>translation</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>I</td>
<td class="red bold">asam</td>
<td class="red bold">asamsa</td>
<td>out of me </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>you</td>
<td class="red bold">asat</td>
<td class="red bold">asatsa</td>
<td>out of you </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>he</td>
<td class="red bold">as</td>
<td class="red bold">as-san</td>
<td nowrap>out of him, from that </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>she</td>
<td class="red bold">aisti</td>
<td class="red bold">aistise</td>
<td>out of her </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>we</td>
<td class="red bold">asainn</td>
<td class="red bold">asainne</td>
<td>out of us </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>you (pl) </td>
<td class="red bold">asaibh</td>
<td class="red bold">asaibhse</td>
<td>out of you </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>they</td>
<td class="red bold">astu</td>
<td class="red bold">astusan</td>
<td>out of them </td>
</tr>
</table>
<h3 class="lightgreen">Use:</h3>
<ol>
<li><b>spatial/applied: <i>out</i></b>, out of </li>
<li><b>origin <i>from</i></b>: from Dublin, etc. (with the <a href="kopul5.htm#herkunft">copula</a>!) Is as Béal Feirste é = He is from Belfast</li>
<li><b>starting point of a motion <i>from</i></b>: <i>as sin go Éirinn = from there to Ireland, i bhfad as seo = far from here </i></li>
<li><b>constitution <i>out of </i>:</b> <b>out of fabric</b> / <b>material </b><i>as an éadach</i></li>
<li><b>origin: <i>out of/from </i></b>:
<ul type="square">
<li>origin of something <b>sensory</b>: e.g. <i>Tá baladh as an madadh = the dog smells, Tá cor as an cáca = the cake is moving </i></li>
<li>origin of a <b>name</b>: <i>baisteadh as a athair é = one named him <b>after</b> his father </i></li>
<li>origin of <b>knowledge</b>: <i>aithním as a shúil é = I recognized him <b>by</b> his stride </i></li>
<li>origin of a <b>deduction</b>: tuigim as = that's how I understand it </li>
<li>psych. origin <b>of an action </b>: as fearg = out of anger, etc. </li>
<li>origin of <b>pride, gratitude </b>: tá bród orm asat = I am proud <b><i>of</i></b> you ("is pride on me out of you "), go raibh maith agat as an obair seo = thank you <b><i>for</i></b> this work ("that be goodness by you out of the work this ")</li>
</ul></li>
<li><b><i>in / with </i> a medium</b>: <i>nigh as uisce é = wash it in (with) water </i></li>
<li><b><i>in </i> a language </b>: <i>as Gaeilge = in Irish, as Gearmáinis = in German </i></li>
<li><b><i>locational</i> information about a quality (<i>on/at</i>)</b>: <i>géar as an mbarr = sharp <b>at</b> the tip </i> </li>
<li><b>gen. <i>out of </i></b>: <i>as amharc = out of sight, as cuimse = off the scale </i> (opposite in = ar: ar amharc = in sight)</li>
<li><b><i>outside</i> of a normal function </b>: <i>as ordú = out of order, as úsaid = out of use, as bealach = off-track (=being wrong/following a misconception)</i></li>
<li><b>lack <i>of</i></b>: <i>as obair = <b>out of </b> work </i>, <span class="red">tá ... as ...</span> = <b>not have </b> (as opposed to <i>tá ... ag</i> = have)</li>
<li><b><i>out of </i></b>: <i>as guais = out of danger, as an imirt = out of the game </i></li>
<li><b>selection <i>of</i></b>: <i>bain rogha as = choose out of, duine as béirt = one of the two</i></li>
<li><b>engagement <i>in</i></b> : <i>tá as rud = to be into something </i>("to get something <i>out of </i> something")</li>
<li><b>adverbial <i>to be off </i></b>: <span class="red">Tá .... as</span>, <i>Tá an raidió as = the radio is off </i>, <b><i>turn off </i></b>: <span class="red">cas ... as</span>, <i>Chas mé an tine as = I put out the fire </i></li>
<li><b>adverbial</b> to not belong, <b><i>be out </i></b>: <i>tá mé as = I'm out </i>.</li>
<li><b>adverbial <i>alone</i></b>: <span class="red">as féin</span>: <i>tá mé ag súil as féin = I walk alone </i></li>
<li><b>adverbial <i>be alone </i></b>: <span class="red">tá
as ... féin</span>, e.g. <i>Tá asainn féin
anois = we're alone now</i></li>
</ol>
<hr width="100%">
<center><a href="#oben" title="nach oben">suas</a>
<br>
<br>
<a href="praepos.htm">Prepositions</a>
<br><a href=".">Gramadach na Gaeilge</a>
<br>
<hr width="100%">
<font size="-2">© <a href="https://braesicke.de/index.htm">Lars Bräsicke</a> 1999 / 2000</font></center>
<a href="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/cuplamilefocal/gnag">view on github</a>
<a href="https://braesicke.de/as.htm">view original German</a></body>
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