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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="landing.html">High Assurance Rust</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="faq.html">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="engage.html">Engage with this Book!</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="cfp.html">Sponsor Call for Proposals (CFP)</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="download.html">Download</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="license.html" class="active">License</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><li class="part-title">Novice: Systems Security</li><li class="spacer"></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp1/_index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Introduction</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp1/why_this_book.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Why this book?</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp1/how_is_this_book_structured.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.2.</strong> How is this book structured?</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp1/challenges.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.3.</strong> Hands-on Learning</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp1/about_the_team.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.4.</strong> About the Team</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp1/_hands_on.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.5.</strong> Warmup: Environment Setup</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp2/_index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> Software Assurance</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp2/static_vs_dynamic.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Static vs. Dynamic Tools</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp2/static_assurance_1.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Static Assurance (1/2)</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp2/static_assurance_2.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Static Assurance (2/2)</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp2/dynamic_assurance_1.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Dynamic Assurance (1/3)</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp2/dynamic_assurance_2.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.</strong> Dynamic Assurance (2/3)</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp2/dynamic_assurance_3.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.6.</strong> Dynamic Assurance (3/3)</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp2/limits.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.7.</strong> Limitations and Threat Modeling</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp2/cli.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.8.</strong> DIY CLI Encryption Tool</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp2/operational_assurance_1.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.9.</strong> Operational Assurance (1/2)</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp2/operational_assurance_2.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.10.</strong> Operational Assurance (2/2)</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp2/_hands_on.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.11.</strong> Challenge: Extend the CLI Tool</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp3/_index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Rust Zero-Crash Course</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp3/undef.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> On Undefined Behavior</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp3/rust_1_low_data_rep.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Rust: Low-Level Data (1/6)</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp3/rust_2_high_data_rep.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> Rust: High-Level Data (2/6)</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp3/rust_3_ctrl_flow.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> Rust: Control Flow (3/6)</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp3/rust_4_own_1.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> Rust: Ownership Principles (4/6)</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp3/rust_5_own_2.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> Rust: Ownership in Practice (5/6)</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp3/rust_6_error.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.7.</strong> Rust: Error Handling (6/6)</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp3/modules.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.8.</strong> The Module System</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp3/tooling.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.9.</strong> Recommended Tooling</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">3.10.</strong> Rust's Release Cycle</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp3/_hands_on.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.11.</strong> Challenge: Port a Program</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp4/_index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> Understanding Memory Safety and Exploitation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp4/sw_stack_1.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> Software Perspective: CPU to Process</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp4/assure_stack_1.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.</strong> Assurance Perspective: Stack Safety</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp4/attack_1.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.3.</strong> Attacker's Perspective: Breaking Safety (1/2)</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp4/attack_2.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.4.</strong> Attacker's Perspective: Unifying Theory (2/2)</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">4.5.</strong> Debugging DIY Secret Obfuscation</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">4.6.</strong> Stack Exploitation</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">4.7.</strong> Software Perspective: Heap (1/2)</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">4.8.</strong> Software Perspective: Heap (2/2)</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">4.9.</strong> Heap Exploitation</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp4/safe_rust_PLACEHOLDER.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.10.</strong> Rust's Memory Safety Guarantees (1/2)</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">4.11.</strong> Rust's Memory Safety Guarantees (2/2)</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">4.12.</strong> Language-agnostic Mitigations</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">4.13.</strong> Case Study: Real-world Rust CVEs</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">4.14.</strong> Challenge: Vulnerability Research</div></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><li class="part-title">Advanced Beginner: Core Project</li><li class="spacer"></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> Binary Search Tree (BST) Basics</div></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> Core BST Operations in Python</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> Problems Translating to Rust</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.</strong> The Importance of Balance</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">5.4.</strong> TODO</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">5.5.</strong> Challenge: TODO</div></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">6.</strong> Building an Arena Allocator</div></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">6.1.</strong> Let's Talk Allocators</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">6.2.</strong> A Stack-Only Arena</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">6.3.</strong> Index-based Data Structures</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">6.4.</strong> TODO</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">6.5.</strong> Challenge: TODO</div></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">7.</strong> A Self-balancing BST</div></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp7/traits.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.1.</strong> Interface-relevant Traits</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">7.2.</strong> Scapegoat Trees</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">7.3.</strong> Insert</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">7.4.</strong> Remove</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">7.5.</strong> Find</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">7.6.</strong> Challenge: TODO</div></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">8.</strong> Digital Twin Testing</div></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">8.1.</strong> Basic QEMU Internals</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">8.2.</strong> How Semi-hosting Works</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">8.3.</strong> CLI REPL Harness</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">8.4.</strong> Limitations</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">8.5.</strong> TODO</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">8.6.</strong> Challenge: TODO</div></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">9.</strong> Building Maps and Sets</div></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">9.1.</strong> TODO</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">9.2.</strong> Challenge: TODO</div></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">10.</strong> Implementing Iterators</div></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">10.1.</strong> TODO</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">10.2.</strong> Challenge: TODO</div></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><li class="part-title">Competent: Validation and Deployment</li><li class="spacer"></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">11.</strong> Static Verification</div></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">11.1.</strong> An Introduction to 1st Order Logic</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">11.2.</strong> Proving Absence of Panics</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">11.3.</strong> Deductively Verifying our Arena Allocator</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">11.4.</strong> Model Checking for unsafe Code</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">11.5.</strong> TODO</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">11.6.</strong> Challenge: Prove a Sorting Algorithm</div></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">12.</strong> Dynamic Testing</div></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">12.1.</strong> Introduction to Coverage-Guided Fuzzing</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp12/diff_fuzz_PLACEHOLDER.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">12.2.</strong> Building a Differential Fuzzing Harness</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">12.3.</strong> Using Miri to Detect Undefined Behavior</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">12.4.</strong> Benchmarking and Optimization</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">12.5.</strong> TODO</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">12.6.</strong> Challenge: Bug-hunting with Fuzzers</div></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">13.</strong> Operational Deployment</div></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">13.1.</strong> Understanding unsafe (1/3)</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">13.2.</strong> Understanding unsafe (2/3)</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">13.3.</strong> Understanding unsafe (3/3)</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">13.4.</strong> CFFI 101</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">13.5.</strong> C99 Interoperability</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">13.6.</strong> Python3 Interoperability</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">13.7.</strong> Runtime Balance Reconfiguration</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">13.8.</strong> TODO</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">13.9.</strong> Challenge: TODO</div></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">14.</strong> Maximizing Assurance</div></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">14.1.</strong> Rust Security Research</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">14.2.</strong> Rust's Limitations</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">14.3.</strong> Best Practices Beyond Rust</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">14.4.</strong> TODO</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">14.5.</strong> Challenge: TODO</div></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><li class="part-title">Conclusion</li><li class="spacer"></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">15.</strong> Review</div></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">15.1.</strong> Key Concepts</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">15.2.</strong> Key Blue-Team Skills</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">15.3.</strong> Key Red-Team Skills</div></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp16_appendix/_index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">16.</strong> Appendix</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">16.1.</strong> Setup: Using our Docker Container</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp16_appendix/tools.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">16.2.</strong> Inventory: Tools of the Trade</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp16_appendix/books.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">16.3.</strong> Inventory: Recommended Reading</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp16_appendix/resources.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">16.4.</strong> Inventory: Additional Resources</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp16_appendix/crypto.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">16.5.</strong> Fundamentals: Stream Ciphers</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp16_appendix/types.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">16.6.</strong> Fundamentals: Type Systems</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp16_appendix/components.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">16.7.</strong> Fundamentals: Component-Based Design</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp16_appendix/mem_hierarch.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">16.8.</strong> Fundamentals: Memory Hierarchy</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">16.9.</strong> Fundamentals: Dynamic Linking</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="chp16_appendix/icfg.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">16.10.</strong> Theory: Inter-procedural CFGs</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">16.11.</strong> Misc: Size Optimization</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">16.12.</strong> Misc: The Typestate Pattern</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">16.13.</strong> Misc: C++ Interoperability</div></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">16.14.</strong> Misc: Compile-time Metaprogramming</div></li></ol></li></ol>
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<h1 class="menu-title">High Assurance Rust: Developing Secure and Robust Software</h1>
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<h1 id="license"><a class="header" href="#license">License</a></h1>
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<p>All text in this book is licensed under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)</a> license.</p>
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<p>All code in this book (and the <a href="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/tnballo/scapegoat">open-source library</a> it's based on) is licensed under the <a href="https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT">MIT License</a>.</p>
<pre><code class="language-ignore">MIT License
Copyright (c) 2022 Tiemoko Ballo, Moumine Ballo, Alex James
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
</code></pre>
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