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Ux_Device_RNDIS application description

This application provides an example of Azure RTOS RNDIS stack usage on STM32L4R9I-Discovery board, it shows how to run Web HTTP server based application stack over USB interface. The application is designed to load files and web pages stored in SD card using a Web HTTP server through USB RNDIS interface class, the code provides all required features to build a compliant Web HTTP Server. The main entry function tx_application_define() is called by ThreadX during kernel start, at this stage, the USBX initialize the network layer through USBx Class (RNDIS) also the FileX and the NetXDuo system are initialized, the NX_IP instance and the Web HTTP server are created and configured, then the application creates two main threads From the host point of view, the STM32 is seen as an HTTP server accessed through address 192.168.0.10.

  • usbx_app_thread_entry (Prio : 10; PreemptionPrio : 10) used to initialize USB OTG HAL PCD driver and start the device.
  • WebServer_thread (Prio :10; PreemptionPrio :10) used to assign a dynamic IP address, open the SD card driver as a FileX Media and start the Web HTTP server.

In order to configure correctly the USB Host, following setup must be followed:

  • Deactivate IPv6 and activate IPv4 mode
  • Setup static addresses as follows:
    • Address = 192.168.0.10
    • Network Mask = 255.255.255.0
    • Gateway = 192.168.0.10
  • Automatic DNS and Routing deactivated.

Once the server is started, the user's browser can load web pages as index.html and STM32L4xxLED.html.

Expected success behavior

When an SD card is inserted into the STM32L4R9I-Discovery SD card reader and the board is powered up and connected to DHCP enabled Ethernet network. Then the web page can be loaded on the web browser after entring the url http:https://192.168.0.10/index.html also the user can switch to STM32L4xxLED.html page to toggle the green led. An example web pages is provided for testing the application that can be found under "USBX/Ux_Device_RNDIS/Web_Content/"

Error behaviors

If the WEB HTTP server is not successfully started, the orange led should start blinking. In case of other errors, the Web HTTP server does not operate as designed (Files stored in the SD card are not loaded in the web browser).

Assumptions if any

The uSD card must be plugged before starting the application.

Known limitations

Hotplug is not implemented for this example, that is, the SD card is expected to be inserted before application running.

Notes

ThreadX usage hints

  • ThreadX uses the Systick as time base, thus it is mandatory that the HAL uses a separate time base through the TIM IPs.
  • ThreadX is configured with 100 ticks/sec by default, this should be taken into account when using delays or timeouts at application. It is always possible to reconfigure it in the "tx_user.h", the "TX_TIMER_TICKS_PER_SECOND" define,but this should be reflected in "tx_initialize_low_level.S" file too.
  • ThreadX is disabling all interrupts during kernel start-up to avoid any unexpected behavior, therefore all system related calls (HAL, BSP) should be done either at the beginning of the application or inside the thread entry functions.
  • ThreadX offers the "tx_application_define()" function, that is automatically called by the tx_kernel_enter() API. It is highly recommended to use it to create all applications ThreadX related resources (threads, semaphores, memory pools...) but it should not in any way contain a system API call (HAL or BSP).
  • Using dynamic memory allocation requires to apply some changes to the linker file. ThreadX needs to pass a pointer to the first free memory location in RAM to the tx_application_define() function, using the "first_unused_memory" argument. This require changes in the linker files to expose this memory location.
    • For EWARM add the following section into the .icf file:
    place in RAM_region    { last section FREE_MEM };
    • For MDK-ARM:
    either define the RW_IRAM1 region in the ".sct" file
or modify the line below in "tx_low_level_initilize.s to match the memory region being used
   LDR r1, =|Image$$RW_IRAM1$$ZI$$Limit|
    • For STM32CubeIDE add the following section into the .ld file:
    ._threadx_heap :
  {
     . = ALIGN(8);
     __RAM_segment_used_end__ = .;
     . = . + 64K;
     . = ALIGN(8);
   } >RAM_D1 AT> RAM_D1

    The simplest way to provide memory for ThreadX is to define a new section, see ._threadx_heap above.
In the example above the ThreadX heap size is set to 64KBytes.
The ._threadx_heap must be located between the .bss and the ._user_heap_stack sections in the linker script.
Caution: Make sure that ThreadX does not need more than the provided heap memory (64KBytes in this example).
Read more in STM32CubeIDE User Guide, chapter: "Linker script".
    • The "tx_initialize_low_level.S" should be also modified to enable the "USE_DYNAMIC_MEMORY_ALLOCATION" flag.

FileX/LevelX usage hints

  • When calling the fx_media_format() API, it is highly recommended to understand all the parameters used by the API to correctly generate a valid filesystem.

Keywords

RTOS, ThreadX, USBXDevice, RNDIS, Network, NetxDuo, FileX, File ,SDMMC, UART

Hardware and Software environment

  • This application runs on STM32L4R9xx devices.

  • This application has been tested with STMicroelectronics STM32L4R9I-Discovery boards Revision: MB1311 C-01 and can be easily tailored to any other supported device and development board.

  • STM32L4R9I-Discovery Set-up

    • Connect the DK board to remote PC (through a USB cable)
    • Http clients: Microsoft Internet Explorer (v8 and later) or Google Chrome (v107)

  • Remote PC Set-up

    • In most cases, it is sufficient to disable IPv6 from the setting tray and skip steps below.

    • Disable IPv6: Open /etc/default/grub with a text editor, and add "ipv6.disable=1" to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX variable and apply the modified GRUB/GRUB2 settings by running sudo update-grub

    • set Linux IP address and mask to 192.168.0.10, 255.255.255.0, 192.168.0.10 and Set IPv4 to manual mode with DHCP and routing disabled: use nmcli con show command to obtain your connection name then run the command: nmcli con mod "your connection name" ipv4.addresses "192.168.0.10/24,255.255.255.0" ipv4.gateway "192.168.0.10" ipv4.method "manual"

    • Set Windows 7/10 IP address and mask to 192.168.0.10, 255.255.255.0, 192.168.0.10 manually: open Control Panel \ Network and Internet \ Network Connections panel, and with right button click and select properties: double click on Internet Protocol version 4(TCP/IPv4) and select "use the following IP address": "IP address: 192.168.0.10" "Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0" "Default gateway: 192.168.0.10"

How to use it ?

In order to make the program work, you must do the following :

  • Open your preferred toolchain
  • Rebuild all files and load your image into target memory
  • Run the application