The arkworks ecosystem consist of Rust libraries for designing and working with zero knowledge succinct non-interactive arguments (zkSNARKs). This repository contains efficient implementations some of the key algebraic components underlying zkSNARKs: finite fields, elliptic curves, and polynomials.

This library is released under the MIT License and the Apache v2 License (see License).

WARNING: This is an academic proof-of-concept prototype, and in particular has not received careful code review. This implementation is NOT ready for production use.

This repository contains several Rust crates:

• ark-ff: Provides generic implementations of various finite fields
• ark-ec: Provides generic implementations for different kinds of elliptic curves, along with pairings over these
• ark-poly: Implements univariate, multivariate, and multilinear polynomials, and FFTs over finite fields.
• ark-serialize: Provides efficient serialization and point compression for finite fields and elliptic curves

In addition, the curves repository contains implementations of popular elliptic curves; see here for details.

The library compiles on the stable toolchain of the Rust compiler. To install the latest version of Rust, first install rustup by following the instructions here, or via your platform's package manager. Once rustup is installed, install the Rust toolchain by invoking:

rustup install stable

After that, use cargo, the standard Rust build tool, to build the libraries:

git clone https://github.com/arkworks-rs/algebra.git
cd algebra
cargo build --release

This library comes with comprehensive unit and integration tests for each of the provided crates. Run the tests with:

cargo test --all

To run the benchmarks, install the nightly Rust toolchain, via rustup install nightly, and then run the following command:

cargo +nightly bench

The ark-ff crate contains (off-by-default) optimized assembly implementations of field arithmetic that rely on the adcxq, adoxq and mulxq instructions. These are available on most x86_64 platforms (Broadwell onwards for Intel and Ryzen onwards for AMD). Using this backend can lead to a 30-70% speedup in finite field and elliptic curve arithmetic. To build with this backend enabled, run the following command:

RUSTFLAGS="-C target-feature=+bmi2,+adx" cargo +nightly test/build/bench --features asm

To enable this in the Cargo.toml of your own projects, enable the asm feature flag:

...
ark-ff = { version = "0.1", features = [ "asm" ] }

Note that because inline assembly support in Rust is currently unstable, using this backend requires using the Nightly compiler at the moment.

The crates in this repo are licensed under either of the following licenses, at your discretion.

• Apache License Version 2.0 (LICENSE-APACHE or https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0)
• MIT license (LICENSE-MIT or https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)

Unless you explicitly state otherwise, any contribution submitted for inclusion in this library by you shall be dual licensed as above (as defined in the Apache v2 License), without any additional terms or conditions.

This work was supported by: a Google Faculty Award; the National Science Foundation; the UC Berkeley Center for Long-Term Cybersecurity; and donations from the Ethereum Foundation, the Interchain Foundation, and Qtum.

An earlier version of this library was developed as part of the paper "ZEXE: Enabling Decentralized Private Computation".