show.jl

# This file is a part of Julia. License is MIT: https://julialang.org/license

# This file is not loaded into `Core.Compiler` but rather loaded into the context of
# `Base.IRShow` and thus does not participate in bootstrapping.

@nospecialize

if Pair != Base.Pair
import Base: Base, IOContext, string, join, sprint
IOContext(io::IO, KV::Pair) = IOContext(io, Base.Pair(KV[1], KV[2]))
length(s::String) = Base.length(s)
^(s::String, i::Int) = Base.:^(s, i)
end

import Base: show_unquoted
using Base: printstyled, with_output_color, prec_decl, @invoke

function Base.show(io::IO, cfg::CFG)
    print(io, "CFG with $(length(cfg.blocks)) blocks:")
    for (idx, block) in enumerate(cfg.blocks)
        print(io, "\n  bb ", idx)
        if block.stmts.start == block.stmts.stop
            print(io, " (stmt ", block.stmts.start, ")")
        else
            print(io, " (stmts ", block.stmts.start, ":", block.stmts.stop, ")")
        end
        if !isempty(block.succs)
            print(io, " → bb ")
            join(io, block.succs, ", ")
        end
    end
end

function print_stmt(io::IO, idx::Int, @nospecialize(stmt), used::BitSet, maxlength_idx::Int, color::Bool, show_type::Bool)
    if idx in used
        idx_s = string(idx)
        pad = " "^(maxlength_idx - length(idx_s) + 1)
        print(io, "%", idx_s, pad, "= ")
    else
        print(io, " "^(maxlength_idx + 4))
    end
    # TODO: `indent` is supposed to be the full width of the leader for correct alignment
    indent = 16
    if !color && stmt isa PiNode
        # when the outer context is already colored (green, for pending nodes), don't use the usual coloring printer
        print(io, "π (")
        show_unquoted(io, stmt.val, indent)
        print(io, ", ")
        print(io, stmt.typ)
        print(io, ")")
    elseif isexpr(stmt, :invoke)
        stmt = stmt::Expr
        # TODO: why is this here, and not in Base.show_unquoted
        print(io, "invoke ")
        linfo = stmt.args[1]::Core.MethodInstance
        show_unquoted(io, stmt.args[2], indent)
        print(io, "(")
        # XXX: this is wrong if `sig` is not a concretetype method
        # more correct would be to use `fieldtype(sig, i)`, but that would obscure / discard Varargs information in show
        sig = linfo.specTypes == Tuple ? Core.svec() : Base.unwrap_unionall(linfo.specTypes).parameters::Core.SimpleVector
        print_arg(i) = sprint(; context=io) do io
            show_unquoted(io, stmt.args[i], indent)
            if (i - 1) <= length(sig)
                print(io, "::", sig[i - 1])
            end
        end
        join(io, (print_arg(i) for i = 3:length(stmt.args)), ", ")
        print(io, ")")
    # given control flow information, we prefer to print these with the basic block #, instead of the ssa %
    elseif isexpr(stmt, :enter) && length((stmt::Expr).args) == 1 && (stmt::Expr).args[1] isa Int
        print(io, "\$(Expr(:enter, #", (stmt::Expr).args[1]::Int, "))")
    elseif stmt isa GotoNode
        print(io, "goto #", stmt.label)
    elseif stmt isa PhiNode
        show_unquoted_phinode(io, stmt, indent, "#")
    elseif stmt isa GotoIfNot
        show_unquoted_gotoifnot(io, stmt, indent, "#")
    elseif stmt isa TypedSlot
        # call `show` with the type set to Any so it will not be shown, since
        # we will show the type ourselves.
        show_unquoted(io, SlotNumber(stmt.id), indent, show_type ? prec_decl : 0)
    # everything else in the IR, defer to the generic AST printer
    else
        show_unquoted(io, stmt, indent, show_type ? prec_decl : 0)
    end
    nothing
end

show_unquoted(io::IO, val::Argument, indent::Int, prec::Int) = show_unquoted(io, Core.SlotNumber(val.n), indent, prec)

show_unquoted(io::IO, stmt::PhiNode, indent::Int, ::Int) = show_unquoted_phinode(io, stmt, indent, "%")
function show_unquoted_phinode(io::IO, stmt::PhiNode, indent::Int, prefix::String)
    args = String[let
        e = stmt.edges[i]
        v = !isassigned(stmt.values, i) ? "#undef" :
            sprint(; context=io) do io′
                show_unquoted(io′, stmt.values[i], indent)
            end
        "$prefix$e => $v"
        end for i in 1:length(stmt.edges)
    ]
    print(io, "φ ", '(')
    join(io, args, ", ")
    print(io, ')')
end

function show_unquoted(io::IO, stmt::PhiCNode, indent::Int, ::Int)
    print(io, "φᶜ (")
    first = true
    for v in stmt.values
        first ? (first = false) : print(io, ", ")
        show_unquoted(io, v, indent)
    end
    print(io, ")")
end

function show_unquoted(io::IO, stmt::PiNode, indent::Int, ::Int)
    print(io, "π (")
    show_unquoted(io, stmt.val, indent)
    print(io, ", ")
    printstyled(io, stmt.typ, color=:cyan)
    print(io, ")")
end

function show_unquoted(io::IO, stmt::UpsilonNode, indent::Int, ::Int)
    print(io, "ϒ (")
    isdefined(stmt, :val) ?
        show_unquoted(io, stmt.val, indent) :
        print(io, "#undef")
    print(io, ")")
end

function show_unquoted(io::IO, stmt::ReturnNode, indent::Int, ::Int)
    if !isdefined(stmt, :val)
        print(io, "unreachable")
    else
        print(io, "return ")
        show_unquoted(io, stmt.val, indent)
    end
end

show_unquoted(io::IO, stmt::GotoIfNot, indent::Int, ::Int) = show_unquoted_gotoifnot(io, stmt, indent, "%")
function show_unquoted_gotoifnot(io::IO, stmt::GotoIfNot, indent::Int, prefix::String)
    print(io, "goto ", prefix, stmt.dest, " if not ")
    show_unquoted(io, stmt.cond, indent)
end

function compute_inlining_depth(linetable::Vector, iline::Int32)
    iline == 0 && return 1
    depth = -1
    while iline != 0
        depth += 1
        lineinfo = linetable[iline]::LineInfoNode
        iline = lineinfo.inlined_at
    end
    return depth
end

function should_print_ssa_type(@nospecialize node)
    if isa(node, Expr)
        return !(node.head in (:gc_preserve_begin, :gc_preserve_end, :meta, :enter, :leave))
    end
    return !isa(node, PiNode)   && !isa(node, GotoIfNot) &&
           !isa(node, GotoNode) && !isa(node, ReturnNode) &&
           !isa(node, QuoteNode)
end

function default_expr_type_printer(io::IO; @nospecialize(type), used::Bool, show_type::Bool=true, _...)
    show_type || return nothing
    printstyled(io, "::", type, color=(used ? :cyan : :light_black))
    return nothing
end

normalize_method_name(m::Method) = m.name
normalize_method_name(m::MethodInstance) = (m.def::Method).name
normalize_method_name(m::Symbol) = m
normalize_method_name(m) = Symbol("")
@noinline method_name(m::LineInfoNode) = normalize_method_name(m.method)

# converts the linetable for line numbers
# into a list in the form:
#   1 outer-most-frame
#   2   inlined-frame
#   3     innermost-frame
function compute_loc_stack(linetable::Vector, line::Int32)
    stack = Int[]
    while line != 0
        entry = linetable[line]::LineInfoNode
        pushfirst!(stack, line)
        line = entry.inlined_at
    end
    return stack
end

"""
    Compute line number annotations for an IRCode

This functions compute three sets of annotations for each IR line. Take the following
example (taken from `@code_typed sin(1.0)`):

```
    **                                                    ***         **********
    35 6 ── %10  = :(Base.mul_float)(%%2, %%2)::Float64   │╻╷         sin_kernel
       │    %11  = :(Base.mul_float)(%10, %10)::Float64   ││╻          *
```

The three annotations are indicated with `*`. The first one is the line number of the
active function (printed once whenever the outer most line number changes). The second
is the inlining indicator. The number of lines indicate the level of nesting, with a
half-size line (╷) indicating the start of a scope and a full size line (│) indicating
a continuing scope. The last annotation is the most complicated one. It is a heuristic
way to print the name of the entered scope. What it attempts to do is print the outermost
scope that hasn't been printed before. Let's work a number of examples to see the impacts
and tradeoffs involved.

```
f() = leaf_function() # Deliberately not defined to end up in the IR verbatim
g() = f()
h() = g()
top_function() = h()
```

After inlining, we end up with:
```
1 1 ─ %1 = :(Main.leaf_function)()::Any   │╻╷╷ h
  └──      return %1                      │
```

We see that the only function printed is the outermost function. This certainly loses
some information, but the idea is that the outermost function would have the most
semantic meaning (in the context of the function we're looking at).

On the other hand, let's see what happens when we redefine f:
```
function f()
    leaf_function()
    leaf_function()
    leaf_function()
end
```

We get:
```
1 1 ─      :(Main.leaf_function)()::Any   │╻╷╷ h
  │        :(Main.leaf_function)()::Any   ││┃│  g
  │   %3 = :(Main.leaf_function)()::Any   │││┃   f
  └──      return %3                      │
```

Even though we were in the `f` scope since the first statement, it tooks us two statements
to catch up and print the intermediate scopes. Which scope is printed is indicated both
by the indentation of the method name and by an increased thickness of the appropriate
line for the scope.
"""
function compute_ir_line_annotations(code::IRCode)
    loc_annotations = String[]
    loc_methods = String[]
    loc_lineno = String[]
    cur_group = 1
    last_lineno = 0
    last_stack = Int[]
    last_printed_depth = 0
    linetable = code.linetable
    lines = code.stmts.line
    last_line = zero(eltype(lines))
    for idx in 1:length(lines)
        buf = IOBuffer()
        line = lines[idx]
        print(buf, "│")
        depth = compute_inlining_depth(linetable, line)
        iline = line
        lineno = 0
        loc_method = ""
        if line != 0
            stack = compute_loc_stack(linetable, line)
            lineno = linetable[stack[1]].line
            x = min(length(last_stack), length(stack))
            if length(stack) != 0
                # Compute the last depth that was in common
                first_mismatch = let last_stack=last_stack
                    findfirst(i->last_stack[i] != stack[i], 1:x)
                end
                # If the first mismatch is the last stack frame, that might just
                # be a line number mismatch in inner most frame. Ignore those
                if length(last_stack) == length(stack) && first_mismatch == length(stack)
                    last_entry, entry = linetable[last_stack[end]], linetable[stack[end]]
                    if method_name(last_entry) === method_name(entry) && last_entry.file === entry.file
                        first_mismatch = nothing
                    end
                end
                last_depth = something(first_mismatch, x+1)-1
                if min(depth, last_depth) > last_printed_depth
                    printing_depth = min(depth, last_printed_depth + 1)
                    last_printed_depth = printing_depth
                elseif length(stack) > length(last_stack) || first_mismatch !== nothing
                    printing_depth = min(depth, last_depth + 1)
                    last_printed_depth = printing_depth
                else
                    printing_depth = 0
                end
                stole_one = false
                if printing_depth != 0
                    for _ in 1:(printing_depth-1)
                        print(buf, "│")
                    end
                    if printing_depth <= last_depth-1 && first_mismatch === nothing
                        print(buf, "┃")
                        for _ in printing_depth+1:min(depth, last_depth)
                            print(buf, "│")
                        end
                    else
                        stole_one = true
                        print(buf, "╻")
                    end
                else
                    for _ in 1:min(depth, last_depth)
                        print(buf, "│")
                    end
                end
                print(buf, "╷"^max(0, depth - last_depth - stole_one))
                if printing_depth != 0
                    if length(stack) == printing_depth
                        loc_method = line
                    else
                        loc_method = stack[printing_depth + 1]
                    end
                    loc_method = method_name(linetable[loc_method])
                end
                loc_method = string(" "^printing_depth, loc_method)
            end
            last_stack = stack
            entry = linetable[line]
        end
        push!(loc_annotations, String(take!(buf)))
        push!(loc_lineno, (lineno != 0 && lineno != last_lineno) ? string(lineno) : "")
        push!(loc_methods, loc_method)
        last_line = line
        (lineno != 0) && (last_lineno = lineno)
        nothing
    end
    return (loc_annotations, loc_methods, loc_lineno)
end

Base.show(io::IO, code::Union{IRCode, IncrementalCompact}) = show_ir(io, code)

lineinfo_disabled(io::IO, linestart::String, idx::Int) = ""

function DILineInfoPrinter(linetable::Vector, showtypes::Bool=false)
    context = LineInfoNode[]
    context_depth = Ref(0)
    indent(s::String) = s^(max(context_depth[], 1) - 1)
    function emit_lineinfo_update(io::IO, linestart::String, lineidx::Int32)
        # internal configuration options:
        linecolor = :yellow
        collapse = showtypes ? false : true
        indent_all = true
        # convert lineidx to a vector
        if lineidx == typemin(Int32)
            # sentinel value: reset internal (and external) state
            pops = indent("└")
            if !isempty(pops)
                print(io, linestart)
                printstyled(io, pops; color=linecolor)
                println(io)
            end
            empty!(context)
            context_depth[] = 0
        elseif lineidx > 0 # just skip over lines with no debug info at all
            DI = LineInfoNode[]
            while lineidx != 0
                entry = linetable[lineidx]::LineInfoNode
                push!(DI, entry)
                lineidx = entry.inlined_at
            end
            # FOR DEBUGGING, or if you just like very excessive output:
            # this prints out the context in full for every statement
            #empty!(context)
            #context_depth[] = 0
            nframes = length(DI)
            nctx::Int = 0
            pop_skips = 0
            # compute the size of the matching prefix in the inlining information stack
            for i = 1:min(length(context), nframes)
                CtxLine = context[i]
                FrameLine = DI[nframes - i + 1]
                CtxLine === FrameLine || break
                nctx = i
            end
            update_line_only::Bool = false
            if collapse
                if nctx > 0
                    # check if we're adding more frames with the same method name,
                    # if so, drop all existing calls to it from the top of the context
                    # AND check if instead the context was previously printed that way
                    # but now has removed the recursive frames
                    let method = method_name(context[nctx]) # last matching frame
                        if (nctx < nframes && method_name(DI[nframes - nctx]) === method) ||
                           (nctx < length(context) && method_name(context[nctx + 1]) === method)
                            update_line_only = true
                            while nctx > 0 && method_name(context[nctx]) === method
                                nctx -= 1
                            end
                        end
                    end
                end
                # look at the first non-matching element to see if we are only changing the line number
                if !update_line_only && nctx < length(context) && nctx < nframes
                    let CtxLine = context[nctx + 1],
                        FrameLine = DI[nframes - nctx]
                        if method_name(CtxLine) === method_name(FrameLine)
                            update_line_only = true
                        end
                    end
                end
            elseif nctx < length(context) && nctx < nframes
                # look at the first non-matching element to see if we are only changing the line number
                let CtxLine = context[nctx + 1],
                    FrameLine = DI[nframes - nctx]
                    if CtxLine.file === FrameLine.file &&
                            method_name(CtxLine) === method_name(FrameLine)
                        update_line_only = true
                    end
                end
            end
            # examine what frames we're returning from
            if nctx < length(context)
                # compute the new inlining depth
                if collapse
                    npops = 1
                    let Prev = method_name(context[nctx + 1])
                        for i = (nctx + 2):length(context)
                            Next = method_name(context[i])
                            Prev === Next || (npops += 1)
                            Prev = Next
                        end
                    end
                else
                    npops = length(context) - nctx
                end
                resize!(context, nctx)
                update_line_only && (npops -= 1)
                if npops > 0
                    context_depth[] -= npops
                    print(io, linestart)
                    printstyled(io, indent("│"), "└"^npops; color=linecolor)
                    println(io)
                end
            end
            # now print the new frames
            while nctx < nframes
                frame::LineInfoNode = DI[nframes - nctx]
                nctx += 1
                started::Bool = false
                if !update_line_only && showtypes && !isa(frame.method, Symbol) && nctx != 1
                    print(io, linestart)
                    Base.with_output_color(linecolor, io) do io
                        print(io, indent("│"))
                        print(io, "┌ invoke ", frame.method)
                        println(io)
                    end
                    started = true
                end
                print(io, linestart)
                Base.with_output_color(linecolor, io) do io
                    print(io, indent("│"))
                    push!(context, frame)
                    if update_line_only
                        update_line_only = false
                    else
                        context_depth[] += 1
                        nctx != 1 && print(io, started ? "│" : "┌")
                    end
                    print(io, " @ ", frame.file)
                    if frame.line != typemax(frame.line) && frame.line != 0
                        print(io, ":", frame.line)
                    end
                    print(io, " within `", method_name(frame), "`")
                    if collapse
                        method = method_name(frame)
                        while nctx < nframes
                            frame = DI[nframes - nctx]
                            method_name(frame) === method || break
                            nctx += 1
                            push!(context, frame)
                            print(io, " @ ", frame.file, ":", frame.line)
                        end
                    end
                end
                println(io)
            end
            # FOR DEBUGGING `collapse`:
            # this double-checks the computation of context_depth
            #let Prev = method_name(context[1]),
            #    depth2 = 1
            #    for i = 2:nctx
            #        Next = method_name(context[i])
            #        (collapse && Prev === Next) || (depth2 += 1)
            #        Prev = Next
            #    end
            #    @assert context_depth[] == depth2
            #end
        end
        indent_all || return ""
        return sprint(io -> printstyled(io, indent("│"), color=linecolor), context=io)
    end
    return emit_lineinfo_update
end

"""
    IRShowConfig

- `line_info_preprinter(io::IO, indent::String, idx::Int)`` may print relevant info
  at the beginning of the line, and should at least print `indent`. It returns a
  string that will be printed after the final basic-block annotation.
- `line_info_postprinter(io::IO; type, used::Bool, show_type::Bool, idx::Int)` prints
  relevant information like type-annotation at the end of the statement
- `should_print_stmt(idx::Int) -> Bool`: whether the statement at index `idx` should be
  printed as part of the IR or not
- `bb_color`: color used for printing the basic block brackets on the left
"""
struct IRShowConfig
    line_info_preprinter
    line_info_postprinter
    should_print_stmt
    bb_color::Symbol
    function IRShowConfig(line_info_preprinter, line_info_postprinter=default_expr_type_printer;
                          should_print_stmt=Returns(true), bb_color::Symbol=:light_black)
        return new(line_info_preprinter, line_info_postprinter, should_print_stmt, bb_color)
    end
end

struct _UNDEF
    global const UNDEF = _UNDEF.instance
end

function _stmt(code::IRCode, idx::Int)
    stmts = code.stmts
    return isassigned(stmts.inst, idx) ? stmts[idx][:inst] : UNDEF
end
function _stmt(compact::IncrementalCompact, idx::Int)
    stmts = compact.result
    return isassigned(stmts.inst, idx) ? stmts[idx][:inst] : UNDEF
end
function _stmt(code::CodeInfo, idx::Int)
    code = code.code
    return isassigned(code, idx) ? code[idx] : UNDEF
end

function _type(code::IRCode, idx::Int)
    stmts = code.stmts
    return isassigned(stmts.type, idx) ? stmts[idx][:type] : UNDEF
end
function _type(compact::IncrementalCompact, idx::Int)
    stmts = compact.result
    return isassigned(stmts.type, idx) ? stmts[idx][:type] : UNDEF
end
function _type(code::CodeInfo, idx::Int)
    types = code.ssavaluetypes
    types isa Vector{Any} || return nothing
    return isassigned(types, idx) ? types[idx] : UNDEF
end

function statement_indices_to_labels(stmt, cfg::CFG)
    # convert statement index to labels, as expected by print_stmt
    if stmt isa Expr
        if stmt.head === :enter && length(stmt.args) == 1 && stmt.args[1] isa Int
            stmt = Expr(:enter, block_for_inst(cfg, stmt.args[1]::Int))
        end
    elseif isa(stmt, GotoIfNot)
        stmt = GotoIfNot(stmt.cond, block_for_inst(cfg, stmt.dest))
    elseif stmt isa GotoNode
        stmt = GotoNode(block_for_inst(cfg, stmt.label))
    elseif stmt isa PhiNode
        e = stmt.edges
        stmt = PhiNode(Int32[block_for_inst(cfg, Int(e[i])) for i in 1:length(e)], stmt.values)
    end
    return stmt
end

# Show a single statement, code.stmts[idx]/code.code[idx], in the context of the whole IRCode/CodeInfo.
# Returns the updated value of bb_idx.
# pop_new_node!(idx::Int; attach_after=false) -> (node_idx, new_node_inst, new_node_type)
#   may return a new node at the current index `idx`, which is printed before the statement
#   at index `idx`. This function is repeatedly called until it returns `nothing`.
#   to iterate nodes that are to be inserted after the statement, set `attach_after=true`.
function show_ir_stmt(io::IO, code::Union{IRCode, CodeInfo, IncrementalCompact}, idx::Int, config::IRShowConfig,
                      used::BitSet, cfg::CFG, bb_idx::Int; pop_new_node! = Returns(nothing), only_after::Bool=false)
    return show_ir_stmt(io, code, idx, config.line_info_preprinter, config.line_info_postprinter,
                        used, cfg, bb_idx; pop_new_node!, only_after, config.bb_color)
end

function show_ir_stmt(io::IO, code::Union{IRCode, CodeInfo, IncrementalCompact}, idx::Int, line_info_preprinter, line_info_postprinter,
                      used::BitSet, cfg::CFG, bb_idx::Int; pop_new_node! = Returns(nothing), only_after::Bool=false, bb_color=:light_black)
    stmt = _stmt(code, idx)
    type = _type(code, idx)
    max_bb_idx_size = length(string(length(cfg.blocks)))

    if isempty(used)
        maxlength_idx = 0
    else
        maxused = maximum(used)
        maxlength_idx = length(string(maxused))
    end

    if stmt === UNDEF
        # This is invalid, but do something useful rather
        # than erroring, to make debugging easier
        printstyled(io, "#UNDEF\n", color=:red)
        return bb_idx
    end

    i = 1
    function print_indentation(final::Bool=true)
        # Compute BB guard rail
        if bb_idx > length(cfg.blocks)
            # If invariants are violated, print a special leader
            linestart = " "^(max_bb_idx_size + 2) # not inside a basic block bracket
            inlining_indent = line_info_preprinter(io, linestart, i == 1 ? idx : 0)
            printstyled(io, "!!! ", "─"^max_bb_idx_size, color=bb_color)
        else
            bbrange = cfg.blocks[bb_idx].stmts
            # Print line info update
            linestart = idx == first(bbrange) ? "  " : sprint(io -> printstyled(io, "│ ", color=bb_color), context=io)
            linestart *= " "^max_bb_idx_size
            # idx == 0 means only indentation is printed, so we don't print linfos
            # multiple times if the are new nodes
            inlining_indent = line_info_preprinter(io, linestart, i == 1 ? idx : 0)

            if i == 1 && idx == first(bbrange)
                bb_idx_str = string(bb_idx)
                bb_pad = max_bb_idx_size - length(bb_idx_str)
                bb_type = length(cfg.blocks[bb_idx].preds) <= 1 ? "─" : "┄"
                printstyled(io, bb_idx_str, " ", bb_type, "─"^bb_pad, color=bb_color)
            elseif final && idx == last(bbrange) # print separator
                printstyled(io, "└", "─"^(1 + max_bb_idx_size), color=bb_color)
            else
                printstyled(io, "│ ", " "^max_bb_idx_size, color=bb_color)
            end
        end
        print(io, inlining_indent, " ")
    end

    # first, print new nodes that are to be inserted before the current statement
    function print_new_node(node; final::Bool=true)
        print_indentation(final)

        node_idx, new_node_inst, new_node_type = node
        @assert new_node_inst !== UNDEF # we filtered these out earlier
        show_type = should_print_ssa_type(new_node_inst)
        let maxlength_idx=maxlength_idx, show_type=show_type
            with_output_color(:green, io) do io′
                print_stmt(io′, node_idx, new_node_inst, used, maxlength_idx, false, show_type)
            end
        end

        if new_node_type === UNDEF # try to be robust against errors
            printstyled(io, "::#UNDEF", color=:red)
        else
            line_info_postprinter(io; type = new_node_type, used = node_idx in used, show_type, idx = node_idx)
        end
        println(io)
    end
    while (next = pop_new_node!(idx)) !== nothing
        only_after || print_new_node(next; final=false)
        i += 1
    end

    # peek at the nodes to be inserted after the current statement
    # (to determine of the statement itself is the final one)
    next = pop_new_node!(idx; attach_after=true)

    # then, print the current statement
    # FIXME: `only_after` is hack so that we can call this function to print uncompacted
    #        attach-after nodes when the current node has already been compated already
    if !only_after
        print_indentation(next===nothing)
        if code isa CodeInfo
            stmt = statement_indices_to_labels(stmt, cfg)
        end
        show_type = type !== nothing && should_print_ssa_type(stmt)
        print_stmt(io, idx, stmt, used, maxlength_idx, true, show_type)
        if type !== nothing # ignore types for pre-inference code
            if type === UNDEF
                # This is an error, but can happen if passes don't update their type information
                printstyled(io, "::#UNDEF", color=:red)
            else
                line_info_postprinter(io; type, used = idx in used, show_type, idx)
            end
        end
        println(io)
    end
    i += 1

    # finally, print new nodes that are to be inserted after the current statement
    while next !== nothing
        print_new_node(next)
        i += 1
        next = pop_new_node!(idx; attach_after=true)
    end

    # increment the basic block counter
    if bb_idx <= length(cfg.blocks)
        bbrange = cfg.blocks[bb_idx].stmts
        if bb_idx <= length(cfg.blocks) && idx == last(bbrange)
            bb_idx += 1
        end
    end

    return bb_idx
end

function _new_nodes_iter(stmts, new_nodes, new_nodes_info, new_nodes_idx)
    new_nodes_perm = filter(i -> isassigned(new_nodes.inst, i), 1:length(new_nodes))
    sort!(new_nodes_perm, by = x -> (x = new_nodes_info[x]; (x.pos, x.attach_after)))

    # separate iterators for the nodes that are inserted before resp. after each statement
    before_iter = Ref(1)
    after_iter = Ref(1)

    return function get_new_node(idx::Int; attach_after=false)
        iter = attach_after ? after_iter : before_iter
        iter[] <= length(new_nodes_perm) || return nothing
        node_idx = new_nodes_perm[iter[]]

        # skip nodes
        while node_idx < new_nodes_idx ||                           # already compacted
              idx > new_nodes_info[node_idx].pos ||                 # not interested in
              new_nodes_info[node_idx].attach_after != attach_after
            iter[] += 1
            iter[] > length(new_nodes_perm) && return nothing
            node_idx = new_nodes_perm[iter[]]
        end

        if new_nodes_info[node_idx].pos != idx ||
           new_nodes_info[node_idx].attach_after != attach_after
            return nothing
        end

        iter[] += 1
        new_node = new_nodes[node_idx]
        new_node_inst = isassigned(new_nodes.inst, node_idx) ? new_node[:inst] : UNDEF
        new_node_type = isassigned(new_nodes.type, node_idx) ? new_node[:type] : UNDEF
        node_idx += length(stmts)
        return node_idx, new_node_inst, new_node_type
    end
end

function new_nodes_iter(ir::IRCode, new_nodes_idx=1)
    stmts = ir.stmts
    new_nodes = ir.new_nodes.stmts
    new_nodes_info = ir.new_nodes.info
    return _new_nodes_iter(stmts, new_nodes, new_nodes_info, new_nodes_idx)
end

function new_nodes_iter(compact::IncrementalCompact)
    stmts = compact.result
    new_nodes = compact.new_new_nodes.stmts
    new_nodes_info = compact.new_new_nodes.info
    return _new_nodes_iter(stmts, new_nodes, new_nodes_info, 1)
end

# print only line numbers on the left, some of the method names and nesting depth on the right
function inline_linfo_printer(code::IRCode)
    loc_annotations, loc_methods, loc_lineno = compute_ir_line_annotations(code)
    max_loc_width = maximum(length, loc_annotations)
    max_lineno_width = maximum(length, loc_lineno)
    max_method_width = maximum(length, loc_methods)

    function (io::IO, indent::String, idx::Int)
        cols = (displaysize(io)::Tuple{Int,Int})[2]

        if idx == 0
            annotation = ""
            loc_method = ""
            lineno = ""
        elseif idx <= length(loc_annotations)
            # N.B.: The line array length not matching is invalid,
            # but let's be robust here
            annotation = loc_annotations[idx]
            loc_method = loc_methods[idx]
            lineno = loc_lineno[idx]
        else
            annotation = "!"
            loc_method = ""
            lineno = ""
        end
        # Print location information right aligned. If the line below is too long, it'll overwrite this,
        # but that's what we want.
        if get(io, :color, false)::Bool
            method_start_column = cols - max_method_width - max_loc_width - 2
            filler = " "^(max_loc_width-length(annotation))
            printstyled(io, "\e[$(method_start_column)G$(annotation)$(filler)$(loc_method)\e[1G", color = :light_black)
        end
        printstyled(io, lineno, " "^(max_lineno_width - length(lineno) + 1); color = :light_black)
        return ""
    end
end

_strip_color(s::String) = replace(s, r"\e\[\d+m" => "")

function statementidx_lineinfo_printer(f, code::IRCode)
    printer = f(code.linetable)
    function (io::IO, indent::String, idx::Int)
        printer(io, indent, idx > 0 ? code.stmts[idx][:line] : typemin(Int32))
    end
end
function statementidx_lineinfo_printer(f, code::CodeInfo)
    printer = f(code.linetable)
    function (io::IO, indent::String, idx::Int)
        printer(io, indent, idx > 0 ? code.codelocs[idx] : typemin(Int32))
    end
end
statementidx_lineinfo_printer(code) = statementidx_lineinfo_printer(DILineInfoPrinter, code)

function stmts_used(io::IO, code::IRCode, warn_unset_entry=true)
    stmts = code.stmts
    used = BitSet()
    for stmt in stmts
        scan_ssa_use!(push!, used, stmt[:inst])
    end
    new_nodes = code.new_nodes.stmts
    for nn in 1:length(new_nodes)
        if isassigned(new_nodes.inst, nn)
            scan_ssa_use!(push!, used, new_nodes[nn][:inst])
        elseif warn_unset_entry
            printstyled(io, "ERROR: New node array has unset entry\n", color=:red)
            warn_unset_entry = false
        end
    end
    return used
end

function stmts_used(::IO, code::CodeInfo)
    stmts = code.code
    used = BitSet()
    for stmt in stmts
        scan_ssa_use!(push!, used, stmt)
    end
    return used
end

function default_config(code::IRCode; verbose_linetable=false)
    return IRShowConfig(verbose_linetable ? statementidx_lineinfo_printer(code)
                                          : inline_linfo_printer(code);
                        bb_color=:normal)
end
default_config(code::CodeInfo) = IRShowConfig(statementidx_lineinfo_printer(code))

function show_ir_stmts(io::IO, ir::Union{IRCode, CodeInfo, IncrementalCompact}, inds, config::IRShowConfig,
                       used::BitSet, cfg::CFG, bb_idx::Int; pop_new_node! = Returns(nothing))
    for idx in inds
        if config.should_print_stmt(ir, idx, used)
            bb_idx = show_ir_stmt(io, ir, idx, config, used, cfg, bb_idx; pop_new_node!)
        elseif bb_idx <= length(cfg.blocks) && idx == cfg.blocks[bb_idx].stmts.stop
            bb_idx += 1
        end
    end
    return bb_idx
end

function finish_show_ir(io::IO, cfg, config::IRShowConfig)
    max_bb_idx_size = length(string(length(cfg.blocks)))
    config.line_info_preprinter(io, " "^(max_bb_idx_size + 2), 0)
    return nothing
end

function show_ir(io::IO, ir::IRCode, config::IRShowConfig=default_config(ir);
                 pop_new_node! = new_nodes_iter(ir))
    used = stmts_used(io, ir)
    cfg = ir.cfg
    maxssaid = length(ir.stmts) + Core.Compiler.length(ir.new_nodes)
    let io = IOContext(io, :maxssaid=>maxssaid)
        show_ir_stmts(io, ir, 1:length(ir.stmts), config, used, cfg, 1; pop_new_node!)
    end
    finish_show_ir(io, cfg, config)
end

function show_ir(io::IO, ci::CodeInfo, config::IRShowConfig=default_config(ci);
                 pop_new_node! = Returns(nothing))
    used = stmts_used(io, ci)
    cfg = compute_basic_blocks(ci.code)
    let io = IOContext(io, :maxssaid=>length(ci.code))
        show_ir_stmts(io, ci, 1:length(ci.code), config, used, cfg, 1; pop_new_node!)
    end
    finish_show_ir(io, cfg, config)
end

function show_ir(io::IO, compact::IncrementalCompact, config::IRShowConfig=default_config(compact.ir))
    cfg = compact.ir.cfg


    # First print everything that has already been compacted

    # merge uses in uncompacted region into compacted uses
    used_compacted = BitSet(i for (i, x) in pairs(compact.used_ssas) if x != 0)
    used_uncompacted = stmts_used(io, compact.ir)
    for (i, ssa) = enumerate(compact.ssa_rename)
        if isa(ssa, SSAValue) && ssa.id in used_uncompacted
            push!(used_compacted, i)
        end
    end

    # while compacting, the end of the active result bb will not have been determined
    # (this is done post-hoc by `finish_current_bb!`), so determine it here from scratch.
    result_bbs = copy(compact.result_bbs)
    if compact.active_result_bb <= length(result_bbs)
        # count the total number of nodes we'll add to this block
        input_bb_idx = block_for_inst(compact.ir.cfg, compact.idx)
        input_bb = compact.ir.cfg.blocks[input_bb_idx]
        count = 0
        for input_idx in input_bb.stmts.start:input_bb.stmts.stop
            pop_new_node! = new_nodes_iter(compact.ir)
            while pop_new_node!(input_idx) !== nothing
                count += 1
            end
            while pop_new_node!(input_idx; attach_after=true) !== nothing
                count += 1
            end
        end

        result_bb = result_bbs[compact.active_result_bb]
        result_bbs[compact.active_result_bb] = Core.Compiler.BasicBlock(result_bb,
            Core.Compiler.StmtRange(first(result_bb.stmts), last(result_bb.stmts)+count))
    end
    compact_cfg = CFG(result_bbs, Int[first(result_bbs[i].stmts) for i in 2:length(result_bbs)])

    pop_new_node! = new_nodes_iter(compact)
    maxssaid = length(compact.result) + Core.Compiler.length(compact.new_new_nodes)
    bb_idx = let io = IOContext(io, :maxssaid=>maxssaid)
        show_ir_stmts(io, compact, 1:compact.result_idx-1, config, used_compacted,
                      compact_cfg, 1; pop_new_node!)
    end


    # Print uncompacted nodes from the original IR

    # print a separator
    (_, width) = displaysize(io)
    stmts = compact.ir.stmts
    indent = length(string(length(stmts)))
    # config.line_info_preprinter(io, "", compact.idx)
    printstyled(io, "─"^(width-indent-1), '\n', color=:red)

    # while compacting, the start of the active uncompacted bb will have been overwritten.
    # this manifests as a stmt range end that is less than the start, so correct that.
    inputs_bbs = copy(cfg.blocks)
    for (i, bb) in enumerate(inputs_bbs)
        if bb.stmts.stop < bb.stmts.start
            inputs_bbs[i] = Core.Compiler.BasicBlock(bb,
                Core.Compiler.StmtRange(last(bb.stmts), last(bb.stmts)))
            # this is not entirely correct, and will result in the bb starting again,
            # but is the best we can do without changing how `finish_current_bb!` works.
        end
    end
    uncompacted_cfg = CFG(inputs_bbs, Int[first(inputs_bbs[i].stmts) for i in 2:length(inputs_bbs)])

    pop_new_node! = new_nodes_iter(compact.ir, compact.new_nodes_idx)
    maxssaid = length(compact.ir.stmts) + Core.Compiler.length(compact.ir.new_nodes)
    let io = IOContext(io, :maxssaid=>maxssaid)
        # first show any new nodes to be attached after the last compacted statement
        if compact.idx > 1
            show_ir_stmt(io, compact.ir, compact.idx-1, config, used_uncompacted,
                        uncompacted_cfg, bb_idx; pop_new_node!, only_after=true)
        end

        # then show the actual uncompacted IR
        show_ir_stmts(io, compact.ir, compact.idx:length(stmts), config, used_uncompacted,
                      uncompacted_cfg, bb_idx; pop_new_node!)
    end

    finish_show_ir(io, uncompacted_cfg, config)
end

function effectbits_letter(effects::Effects, name::Symbol, suffix::Char)
    ft = fieldtype(Effects, name)
    if ft === UInt8
        prefix = getfield(effects, name) === ALWAYS_TRUE ? '+' :
                 getfield(effects, name) === ALWAYS_FALSE ? '!' : '?'
    elseif ft === Bool
        prefix = getfield(effects, name) ? '+' : '!'
    else
        error("unsupported effectbits type given")
    end
    return string(prefix, suffix)
end

function effectbits_color(effects::Effects, name::Symbol)
    ft = fieldtype(Effects, name)
    if ft === UInt8
        color = getfield(effects, name) === ALWAYS_TRUE ? :green :
                getfield(effects, name) === ALWAYS_FALSE ? :red : :yellow
    elseif ft === Bool
        color = getfield(effects, name) ? :green : :red
    else
        error("unsupported effectbits type given")
    end
    return color
end

function Base.show(io::IO, e::Effects)
    print(io, "(")
    printstyled(io, effectbits_letter(e, :consistent,  'c'); color=effectbits_color(e, :consistent))
    print(io, ',')
    printstyled(io, effectbits_letter(e, :effect_free, 'e'); color=effectbits_color(e, :effect_free))
    print(io, ',')
    printstyled(io, effectbits_letter(e, :nothrow,     'n'); color=effectbits_color(e, :nothrow))
    print(io, ',')
    printstyled(io, effectbits_letter(e, :terminates,  't'); color=effectbits_color(e, :terminates))
    print(io, ',')
    printstyled(io, effectbits_letter(e, :notaskstate, 's'); color=effectbits_color(e, :notaskstate))
    print(io, ',')
    printstyled(io, effectbits_letter(e, :inaccessiblememonly, 'm'); color=effectbits_color(e, :inaccessiblememonly))
    print(io, ')')
    e.nonoverlayed || printstyled(io, '′'; color=:red)
end

@specialize