indexed_dataset.py

# Copyright (c) 2024, EleutherAI
# This file is based on code by the authors denoted below and has been modified from its original version.
#
# Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates.
#
# This source code is licensed under the MIT license found in the
# LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.


# copied from fairseq/fairseq/data/indexed_dataset.py
# Removed IndexedRawTextDataset since it relied on Fairseq dictionary
# other slight modifications to remove fairseq dependencies
# Added document index to index file and made it accessible.
#    An empty sentence no longer separates documents.

import os
import shutil
import struct
from functools import lru_cache
from itertools import accumulate

import numpy as np
import torch

from megatron import print_rank_0


def __best_fitting_dtype(vocab_size=None):
    if vocab_size is not None and vocab_size < 65500:
        return np.uint16
    else:
        return np.int32


def infer_dataset_impl(path):
    if IndexedDataset.exists(path):
        with open(index_file_path(path), "rb") as f:
            magic = f.read(8)
            if magic == IndexedDataset._HDR_MAGIC:
                return "cached"
            elif magic == MMapIndexedDataset.Index._HDR_MAGIC[:8]:
                return "mmap"
            else:
                return None
    else:
        print(f"Dataset does not exist: {path}")
        print(
            "Path should be a basename that both .idx and .bin can be appended to get full filenames."
        )
        return None


def make_builder(out_file, impl, vocab_size=None):
    if impl == "mmap":
        return MMapIndexedDatasetBuilder(
            out_file, dtype=__best_fitting_dtype(vocab_size)
        )
    else:
        return IndexedDatasetBuilder(out_file)


def make_dataset(path, impl, skip_warmup=False):
    if not IndexedDataset.exists(path):
        print(f"Dataset does not exist: {path}")
        print(
            "Path should be a basename that both .idx and .bin can be appended to get full filenames."
        )
        return None
    if impl == "infer":
        impl = infer_dataset_impl(path)
    elif impl == "cached" and IndexedDataset.exists(path):
        return IndexedCachedDataset(path)
    elif impl == "mmap" and MMapIndexedDataset.exists(path):
        return MMapIndexedDataset(path, skip_warmup)
    print(f"Unknown dataset implementation: {impl}")
    return None


def dataset_exists(path, impl):
    if impl == "mmap":
        return MMapIndexedDataset.exists(path)
    else:
        return IndexedDataset.exists(path)


def read_longs(f, n):
    a = np.empty(n, dtype=np.int64)
    f.readinto(a)
    return a


def write_longs(f, a):
    f.write(np.array(a, dtype=np.int64))


dtypes = {
    1: np.uint8,
    2: np.int8,
    3: np.int16,
    4: np.int32,
    5: np.int64,
    6: np.float32,
    7: np.float64,
    8: np.uint16,
}


def code(dtype):
    for k in dtypes.keys():
        if dtypes[k] == dtype:
            return k
    raise ValueError(dtype)


def index_file_path(prefix_path):
    return prefix_path + ".idx"


def data_file_path(prefix_path):
    return prefix_path + ".bin"


def create_doc_idx(sizes):
    doc_idx = [0]
    for i, s in enumerate(sizes):
        if s == 0:
            doc_idx.append(i + 1)
    return doc_idx


class IndexedDataset(torch.utils.data.Dataset):
    """Loader for IndexedDataset"""

    _HDR_MAGIC = b"TNTIDX\x00\x00"

    def __init__(self, path):
        super().__init__()
        self.path = path
        self.data_file = None
        self.read_index(path)

    def read_index(self, path):
        with open(index_file_path(path), "rb") as f:
            magic = f.read(8)
            assert magic == self._HDR_MAGIC, (
                "Index file doesn't match expected format. "
                "Make sure that --dataset-impl is configured properly."
            )
            version = f.read(8)
            assert struct.unpack("<Q", version) == (1,)
            code, self.element_size = struct.unpack("<QQ", f.read(16))
            self.dtype = dtypes[code]
            self._len, self.s = struct.unpack("<QQ", f.read(16))
            self.doc_count = struct.unpack("<Q", f.read(8))
            self.dim_offsets = read_longs(f, self._len + 1)
            self.data_offsets = read_longs(f, self._len + 1)
            self.sizes = read_longs(f, self.s)
            self.doc_idx = read_longs(f, self.doc_count)

    def read_data(self, path):
        self.data_file = open(data_file_path(path), "rb", buffering=0)

    def check_index(self, i):
        if i < 0 or i >= self._len:
            raise IndexError("index out of range")

    def __del__(self):
        if self.data_file:
            self.data_file.close()

    # @lru_cache(maxsize=8)
    def __getitem__(self, idx):
        if not self.data_file:
            self.read_data(self.path)
        if isinstance(idx, int):
            i = idx
            self.check_index(i)
            tensor_size = self.sizes[self.dim_offsets[i] : self.dim_offsets[i + 1]]
            a = np.empty(tensor_size, dtype=self.dtype)
            self.data_file.seek(self.data_offsets[i] * self.element_size)
            self.data_file.readinto(a)
            return a
        elif isinstance(idx, slice):
            start, stop, step = idx.indices(len(self))
            if step != 1:
                raise ValueError("Slices into indexed_dataset must be contiguous")
            sizes = self.sizes[self.dim_offsets[start] : self.dim_offsets[stop]]
            size = sum(sizes)
            a = np.empty(size, dtype=self.dtype)
            self.data_file.seek(self.data_offsets[start] * self.element_size)
            self.data_file.readinto(a)
            offsets = list(accumulate(sizes))
            sents = np.split(a, offsets[:-1])
            return sents

    def __len__(self):
        return self._len

    def num_tokens(self, index):
        return self.sizes[index]

    def size(self, index):
        return self.sizes[index]

    @staticmethod
    def exists(path):
        return os.path.exists(index_file_path(path)) and os.path.exists(
            data_file_path(path)
        )

    @property
    def supports_prefetch(self):
        return False  # avoid prefetching to save memory


class IndexedCachedDataset(IndexedDataset):
    def __init__(self, path):
        super().__init__(path)
        self.cache = None
        self.cache_index = {}

    @property
    def supports_prefetch(self):
        return True

    def prefetch(self, indices):
        if all(i in self.cache_index for i in indices):
            return
        if not self.data_file:
            self.read_data(self.path)
        indices = sorted(set(indices))
        total_size = 0
        for i in indices:
            total_size += self.data_offsets[i + 1] - self.data_offsets[i]
        self.cache = np.empty(total_size, dtype=self.dtype)
        ptx = 0
        self.cache_index.clear()
        for i in indices:
            self.cache_index[i] = ptx
            size = self.data_offsets[i + 1] - self.data_offsets[i]
            a = self.cache[ptx : ptx + size]
            self.data_file.seek(self.data_offsets[i] * self.element_size)
            self.data_file.readinto(a)
            ptx += size
        if self.data_file:
            # close and delete data file after prefetch so we can pickle
            self.data_file.close()
            self.data_file = None

    # @lru_cache(maxsize=8)
    def __getitem__(self, idx):
        if isinstance(idx, int):
            i = idx
            self.check_index(i)
            tensor_size = self.sizes[self.dim_offsets[i] : self.dim_offsets[i + 1]]
            a = np.empty(tensor_size, dtype=self.dtype)
            ptx = self.cache_index[i]
            np.copyto(a, self.cache[ptx : ptx + a.size])
            return a
        elif isinstance(idx, slice):
            # Hack just to make this work, can optimizer later if necessary
            sents = []
            for i in range(*idx.indices(len(self))):
                sents.append(self[i])
            return sents


class IndexedDatasetBuilder(object):
    element_sizes = {
        np.uint8: 1,
        np.int8: 1,
        np.int16: 2,
        np.int32: 4,
        np.int64: 8,
        np.float32: 4,
        np.float64: 8,
    }

    def __init__(self, out_file, dtype=np.int32):
        self.out_file = open(out_file, "wb")
        self.dtype = dtype
        self.data_offsets = [0]
        self.dim_offsets = [0]
        self.sizes = []
        self.element_size = self.element_sizes[self.dtype]
        self.doc_idx = [0]

    def add_item(self, np_array):
        assert isinstance(np_array, np.ndarray) and np_array.dtype == self.dtype
        bytes = self.out_file.write(np_array)
        self.data_offsets.append(self.data_offsets[-1] + bytes / self.element_size)
        for s in np_array.shape:
            self.sizes.append(s)
        self.dim_offsets.append(self.dim_offsets[-1] + len(np_array.shape))

    def end_document(self):
        self.doc_idx.append(len(self.sizes))

    def merge_file_(self, another_file):
        index = IndexedDataset(another_file)
        assert index.dtype == self.dtype

        begin = self.data_offsets[-1]
        for offset in index.data_offsets[1:]:
            self.data_offsets.append(begin + offset)
        self.sizes.extend(index.sizes)
        begin = self.dim_offsets[-1]
        for dim_offset in index.dim_offsets[1:]:
            self.dim_offsets.append(begin + dim_offset)

        with open(data_file_path(another_file), "rb") as f:
            while True:
                data = f.read(1024)
                if data:
                    self.out_file.write(data)
                else:
                    break

    def finalize(self, index_file):
        self.out_file.close()
        index = open(index_file, "wb")
        index.write(b"TNTIDX\x00\x00")
        index.write(struct.pack("<Q", 1))
        index.write(struct.pack("<QQ", code(self.dtype), self.element_size))
        index.write(struct.pack("<QQ", len(self.data_offsets) - 1, len(self.sizes)))
        index.write(struct.pack("<Q", len(self.doc_idx)))
        write_longs(index, self.dim_offsets)
        write_longs(index, self.data_offsets)
        write_longs(index, self.sizes)
        write_longs(index, self.doc_idx)
        index.close()


def _warmup_mmap_file(path):
    with open(path, "rb") as stream:
        while stream.read(100 * 1024 * 1024):
            pass


class MMapIndexedDataset(torch.utils.data.Dataset):
    class Index(object):
        _HDR_MAGIC = b"MMIDIDX\x00\x00"

        @classmethod
        def writer(cls, path, dtype):
            class _Writer(object):
                def __enter__(self):
                    self._file = open(path, "wb")

                    # Write Magic string so we can check the file format then opening it again.
                    self._file.write(cls._HDR_MAGIC)
                    # Write version number
                    # Little endian unsigned 64 Bit integer
                    self._file.write(struct.pack("<Q", 1))
                    # Little endian unsigned 8 Bit integer
                    self._file.write(struct.pack("<B", code(dtype)))

                    return self

                @staticmethod
                def _get_pointers(sizes):
                    pointers = np.zeros(len(sizes), dtype=np.int64)
                    sizes = np.array(sizes, dtype=np.int64)

                    np.cumsum(sizes[:-1], out=pointers[1:])
                    pointers = pointers * dtype().itemsize
                    return pointers

                def write(self, sizes, doc_idx):
                    pointers = self._get_pointers(sizes)

                    # Little endian unsigned 64 Bit integer
                    self._file.write(struct.pack("<Q", len(sizes)))
                    # Little endian unsigned 64 Bit integer
                    self._file.write(struct.pack("<Q", len(doc_idx)))

                    sizes = np.array(sizes, dtype=np.int32)
                    self._file.write(sizes.tobytes(order="C"))
                    del sizes

                    pointers = np.array(pointers, dtype=np.int64)
                    self._file.write(pointers.tobytes(order="C"))
                    del pointers

                    doc_idx = np.array(doc_idx, dtype=np.int64)
                    self._file.write(doc_idx.tobytes(order="C"))

                def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
                    self._file.close()

            return _Writer()

        def __init__(self, path, skip_warmup=False):
            with open(path, "rb") as stream:
                magic_test = stream.read(9)
                assert self._HDR_MAGIC == magic_test, (
                    "Index file doesn't match expected format. "
                    "Make sure that --dataset-impl is configured properly."
                )
                # Little endian unsigned 64 Bit integer
                version = struct.unpack("<Q", stream.read(8))
                assert (1,) == version

                # Little endian unsigned 8 Bit integer
                (dtype_code,) = struct.unpack("<B", stream.read(1))
                self._dtype = dtypes[dtype_code]
                self._dtype_size = self._dtype().itemsize

                self._len = struct.unpack("<Q", stream.read(8))[0]
                self._doc_count = struct.unpack("<Q", stream.read(8))[0]
                offset = stream.tell()

            if not skip_warmup:
                print_rank_0("    warming up index mmap file...")
                _warmup_mmap_file(path)

            self._bin_buffer_mmap = np.memmap(path, mode="r", order="C")
            self._bin_buffer = memoryview(self._bin_buffer_mmap)
            print_rank_0("    reading sizes...")
            self._sizes = np.frombuffer(
                self._bin_buffer, dtype=np.int32, count=self._len, offset=offset
            )
            print_rank_0("    reading pointers...")
            self._pointers = np.frombuffer(
                self._bin_buffer,
                dtype=np.int64,
                count=self._len,
                offset=offset + self._sizes.nbytes,
            )
            print_rank_0("    reading document index...")
            self._doc_idx = np.frombuffer(
                self._bin_buffer,
                dtype=np.int64,
                count=self._doc_count,
                offset=offset + self._sizes.nbytes + self._pointers.nbytes,
            )

        def __del__(self):
            self._bin_buffer_mmap._mmap.close()
            del self._bin_buffer_mmap

        @property
        def dtype(self):
            return self._dtype

        @property
        def sizes(self):
            return self._sizes

        @property
        def doc_idx(self):
            return self._doc_idx

        @lru_cache(maxsize=8)
        def __getitem__(self, i):
            return self._pointers[i], self._sizes[i]

        def __len__(self):
            return self._len

    def __init__(self, path, skip_warmup=False):
        super().__init__()

        self._path = None
        self._index = None
        self._bin_buffer = None

        self._do_init(path, skip_warmup)

    def __getstate__(self):
        return self._path

    def __setstate__(self, state):
        self._do_init(state)

    def _do_init(self, path, skip_warmup):
        self._path = path
        self._index = self.Index(index_file_path(self._path), skip_warmup)

        if not skip_warmup:
            print_rank_0("    warming up data mmap file...")
            _warmup_mmap_file(data_file_path(self._path))
        print_rank_0("    creating numpy buffer of mmap...")
        self._bin_buffer_mmap = np.memmap(
            data_file_path(self._path), mode="r", order="C"
        )
        print_rank_0("    creating memory view of numpy buffer...")
        self._bin_buffer = memoryview(self._bin_buffer_mmap)

    def __del__(self):
        self._bin_buffer_mmap._mmap.close()
        del self._bin_buffer_mmap
        del self._index

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self._index)

    # @lru_cache(maxsize=8)
    def __getitem__(self, idx):
        if isinstance(idx, int):
            ptr, size = self._index[idx]
            np_array = np.frombuffer(
                self._bin_buffer, dtype=self._index.dtype, count=size, offset=ptr
            )
            return np_array
        elif isinstance(idx, slice):
            start, stop, step = idx.indices(len(self))
            if step != 1:
                raise ValueError("Slices into indexed_dataset must be contiguous")
            ptr = self._index._pointers[start]
            sizes = self._index._sizes[idx]
            offsets = list(accumulate(sizes))
            total_size = sum(sizes)
            np_array = np.frombuffer(
                self._bin_buffer, dtype=self._index.dtype, count=total_size, offset=ptr
            )
            sents = np.split(np_array, offsets[:-1])
            return sents

    def get(self, idx, offset=0, length=None):
        """Retrieves a single item from the dataset with the option to only
        return a portion of the item.

        get(idx) is the same as [idx] but get() does not support slicing.
        """
        ptr, size = self._index[idx]
        if length is None:
            length = size - offset
        ptr += offset * np.dtype(self._index.dtype).itemsize
        np_array = np.frombuffer(
            self._bin_buffer, dtype=self._index.dtype, count=length, offset=ptr
        )
        return np_array

    @property
    def sizes(self):
        return self._index.sizes

    @property
    def doc_idx(self):
        return self._index.doc_idx

    def get_doc_idx(self):
        return self._index._doc_idx

    def set_doc_idx(self, doc_idx_):
        self._index._doc_idx = doc_idx_

    @property
    def supports_prefetch(self):
        return False

    @staticmethod
    def exists(path):
        return os.path.exists(index_file_path(path)) and os.path.exists(
            data_file_path(path)
        )


class MMapIndexedDatasetBuilder(object):
    def __init__(self, out_file, dtype=np.int64):
        self._data_file = open(out_file, "wb")
        self._dtype = dtype
        self._sizes = []
        self._doc_idx = [0]

    @property
    def dtype(self):
        return self._dtype

    def add_item(self, np_array):
        assert isinstance(np_array, np.ndarray) and np_array.dtype == self.dtype
        self._data_file.write(np_array.tobytes(order="C"))
        self._sizes.append(np_array.size)

    def end_document(self):
        self._doc_idx.append(len(self._sizes))

    def merge_file_(self, another_file):
        # Concatenate index
        index = MMapIndexedDataset.Index(index_file_path(another_file))
        assert index.dtype == self._dtype

        for size in index.sizes:
            self._sizes.append(size)

        # Concatenate data
        with open(data_file_path(another_file), "rb") as f:
            shutil.copyfileobj(f, self._data_file)

    def finalize(self, index_file):
        self._data_file.close()

        with MMapIndexedDataset.Index.writer(index_file, self._dtype) as index:
            index.write(self._sizes, self._doc_idx)