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Loader.c
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Loader.c
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#include "Private.h"
#include "Loader.h"
#include "BlackBoneDef.h"
#include "Utils.h"
#include <Ntstrsafe.h>
NTSTATUS BBMapWorker ( IN PVOID pArg );
VOID KernelApcPrepareCallback( PKAPC, PKNORMAL_ROUTINE*, PVOID*, PVOID*, PVOID* );
VOID KernelApcInjectCallback ( PKAPC, PKNORMAL_ROUTINE*, PVOID*, PVOID*, PVOID* );
BOOLEAN BBSkipThread ( IN PETHREAD pThread, IN BOOLEAN isWow64 );
extern DYNAMIC_DATA dynData;
#pragma alloc_text(PAGE, BBInitLdrData)
#pragma alloc_text(PAGE, BBGetSystemModule)
#pragma alloc_text(PAGE, BBGetUserModule)
#pragma alloc_text(PAGE, BBUnlinkFromLoader)
#pragma alloc_text(PAGE, BBGetModuleExport)
#pragma alloc_text(PAGE, BBLookupProcessThread)
#pragma alloc_text(PAGE, BBQueueUserApc)
#pragma alloc_text(PAGE, KernelApcPrepareCallback)
#pragma alloc_text(PAGE, KernelApcInjectCallback)
#pragma alloc_text(PAGE, BBMapWorker)
#pragma alloc_text(PAGE, BBMMapDriver)
#pragma alloc_text(PAGE, BBSkipThread)
/// <summary>
/// Remove list entry
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Entry">Entry link</param>
FORCEINLINE VOID RemoveEntryList32( IN PLIST_ENTRY32 Entry )
{
((PLIST_ENTRY32)Entry->Blink)->Flink = Entry->Flink;
((PLIST_ENTRY32)Entry->Flink)->Blink = Entry->Blink;
}
/// <summary>
/// Initialize loader stuff
/// </summary>
/// <param name="pThisModule">Any valid system module</param>
/// <returns>Status code</returns>
NTSTATUS BBInitLdrData( IN PKLDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY pThisModule )
{
PVOID kernelBase = GetKernelBase( NULL );
if (kernelBase == NULL)
{
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: Failed to retrieve Kernel base address. Aborting\n", __FUNCTION__ );
return STATUS_NOT_FOUND;
}
// Get PsLoadedModuleList address
for (PLIST_ENTRY pListEntry = pThisModule->InLoadOrderLinks.Flink; pListEntry != &pThisModule->InLoadOrderLinks; pListEntry = pListEntry->Flink)
{
// Search for Ntoskrnl entry
PKLDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY pEntry = CONTAINING_RECORD( pListEntry, KLDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY, InLoadOrderLinks );
if (kernelBase == pEntry->DllBase)
{
// Ntoskrnl is always first entry in the list
// Check if found pointer belongs to Ntoskrnl module
if ((PVOID)pListEntry->Blink >= pEntry->DllBase && (PUCHAR)pListEntry->Blink < (PUCHAR)pEntry->DllBase + pEntry->SizeOfImage)
{
PsLoadedModuleList = pListEntry->Blink;
break;
}
}
}
if (!PsLoadedModuleList)
{
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: Failed to retrieve PsLoadedModuleList address. Aborting\n", __FUNCTION__ );
return STATUS_NOT_FOUND;
}
return STATUS_SUCCESS;
}
/// <summary>
/// Get address of a system module
/// Either 'pName' or 'pAddress' is required to perform search
/// </summary>
/// <param name="pName">Base name of the image (e.g. hal.dll)</param>
/// <param name="pAddress">Address inside module</param>
/// <returns>Found loader entry. NULL if nothing found</returns>
PKLDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY BBGetSystemModule( IN PUNICODE_STRING pName, IN PVOID pAddress )
{
ASSERT( (pName != NULL || pAddress != NULL) && PsLoadedModuleList != NULL );
if ((pName == NULL && pAddress == NULL) || PsLoadedModuleList == NULL)
return NULL;
// No images
if (IsListEmpty( PsLoadedModuleList ))
return NULL;
// Search in PsLoadedModuleList
for (PLIST_ENTRY pListEntry = PsLoadedModuleList->Flink; pListEntry != PsLoadedModuleList; pListEntry = pListEntry->Flink)
{
PKLDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY pEntry = CONTAINING_RECORD( pListEntry, KLDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY, InLoadOrderLinks );
// Check by name or by address
if ((pName && RtlCompareUnicodeString( &pEntry->BaseDllName, pName, TRUE ) == 0) ||
(pAddress && pAddress >= pEntry->DllBase && (PUCHAR)pAddress < (PUCHAR)pEntry->DllBase + pEntry->SizeOfImage))
{
return pEntry;
}
}
return NULL;
}
/// <summary>
/// Get module base address by name
/// </summary>
/// <param name="pProcess">Target process</param>
/// <param name="ModuleName">Nodule name to search for</param>
/// <param name="isWow64">If TRUE - search in 32-bit PEB</param>
/// <returns>Found address, NULL if not found</returns>
PVOID BBGetUserModule( IN PEPROCESS pProcess, IN PUNICODE_STRING ModuleName, IN BOOLEAN isWow64 )
{
ASSERT( pProcess != NULL );
if (pProcess == NULL)
return NULL;
// Protect from UserMode AV
__try
{
LARGE_INTEGER time = { 0 };
time.QuadPart = -250ll * 10 * 1000; // 250 msec.
// Wow64 process
if (isWow64)
{
PPEB32 pPeb32 = (PPEB32)PsGetProcessWow64Process( pProcess );
if (pPeb32 == NULL)
{
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: No PEB present. Aborting\n", __FUNCTION__ );
return NULL;
}
// Wait for loader a bit
for (INT i = 0; !pPeb32->Ldr && i < 10; i++)
{
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: Loader not intialiezd, waiting\n", __FUNCTION__ );
KeDelayExecutionThread( KernelMode, TRUE, &time );
}
// Still no loader
if (!pPeb32->Ldr)
{
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: Loader was not intialiezd in time. Aborting\n", __FUNCTION__ );
return NULL;
}
// Search in InLoadOrderModuleList
for (PLIST_ENTRY32 pListEntry = (PLIST_ENTRY32)((PPEB_LDR_DATA32)pPeb32->Ldr)->InLoadOrderModuleList.Flink;
pListEntry != &((PPEB_LDR_DATA32)pPeb32->Ldr)->InLoadOrderModuleList;
pListEntry = (PLIST_ENTRY32)pListEntry->Flink)
{
UNICODE_STRING ustr;
PLDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY32 pEntry = CONTAINING_RECORD( pListEntry, LDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY32, InLoadOrderLinks );
RtlUnicodeStringInit( &ustr, (PWCH)pEntry->BaseDllName.Buffer );
if (RtlCompareUnicodeString( &ustr, ModuleName, TRUE ) == 0)
return (PVOID)pEntry->DllBase;
}
}
// Native process
else
{
PPEB pPeb = PsGetProcessPeb( pProcess );
if (!pPeb)
{
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: No PEB present. Aborting\n", __FUNCTION__ );
return NULL;
}
// Wait for loader a bit
for (INT i = 0; !pPeb->Ldr && i < 10; i++)
{
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: Loader not intialiezd, waiting\n", __FUNCTION__ );
KeDelayExecutionThread( KernelMode, TRUE, &time );
}
// Still no loader
if (!pPeb->Ldr)
{
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: Loader was not intialiezd in time. Aborting\n", __FUNCTION__ );
return NULL;
}
// Search in InLoadOrderModuleList
for (PLIST_ENTRY pListEntry = pPeb->Ldr->InLoadOrderModuleList.Flink;
pListEntry != &pPeb->Ldr->InLoadOrderModuleList;
pListEntry = pListEntry->Flink)
{
PLDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY pEntry = CONTAINING_RECORD( pListEntry, LDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY, InLoadOrderLinks );
if (RtlCompareUnicodeString( &pEntry->BaseDllName, ModuleName, TRUE ) == 0)
return pEntry->DllBase;
}
}
}
__except (EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER)
{
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: Exception, Code: 0x%X\n", __FUNCTION__, GetExceptionCode() );
}
return NULL;
}
/// <summary>
/// Unlink user-mode module from Loader lists
/// </summary>
/// <param name="pProcess">Target process</param>
/// <param name="pBase">Module base</param>
/// <param name="isWow64">If TRUE - unlink from PEB32 Loader, otherwise use PEB64</param>
/// <returns>Status code</returns>
NTSTATUS BBUnlinkFromLoader( IN PEPROCESS pProcess, IN PVOID pBase, IN BOOLEAN isWow64 )
{
NTSTATUS status = STATUS_SUCCESS;
ASSERT( pProcess != NULL );
if (pProcess == NULL)
return STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
// Protect from UserMode AV
__try
{
// Wow64 process
if (isWow64)
{
PPEB32 pPeb32 = (PPEB32)PsGetProcessWow64Process( pProcess );
if (pPeb32 == NULL)
{
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: No PEB present. Aborting\n", __FUNCTION__ );
return STATUS_NOT_FOUND;
}
// Search in InLoadOrderModuleList
for (PLIST_ENTRY32 pListEntry = (PLIST_ENTRY32)((PPEB_LDR_DATA32)pPeb32->Ldr)->InLoadOrderModuleList.Flink;
pListEntry != &((PPEB_LDR_DATA32)pPeb32->Ldr)->InLoadOrderModuleList;
pListEntry = (PLIST_ENTRY32)pListEntry->Flink)
{
PLDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY32 pEntry = CONTAINING_RECORD( pListEntry, LDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY32, InLoadOrderLinks );
// Unlink
if ((PVOID)pEntry->DllBase == pBase)
{
RemoveEntryList32( &pEntry->InLoadOrderLinks );
RemoveEntryList32( &pEntry->InInitializationOrderLinks );
RemoveEntryList32( &pEntry->InMemoryOrderLinks );
RemoveEntryList32( &pEntry->HashLinks );
break;
}
}
}
// Native process
else
{
PPEB pPeb = PsGetProcessPeb( pProcess );
if (!pPeb)
{
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: No PEB present. Aborting\n", __FUNCTION__ );
return STATUS_NOT_FOUND;
}
// Search in InLoadOrderModuleList
for (PLIST_ENTRY pListEntry = pPeb->Ldr->InLoadOrderModuleList.Flink;
pListEntry != &pPeb->Ldr->InLoadOrderModuleList;
pListEntry = pListEntry->Flink)
{
PLDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY pEntry = CONTAINING_RECORD( pListEntry, LDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY, InLoadOrderLinks );
// Unlink
if (pEntry->DllBase == pBase)
{
RemoveEntryList( &pEntry->InLoadOrderLinks );
RemoveEntryList( &pEntry->InInitializationOrderLinks );
RemoveEntryList( &pEntry->InMemoryOrderLinks );
RemoveEntryList( &pEntry->HashLinks );
break;
}
}
}
}
__except (EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER)
{
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: Exception, Code: 0x%X\n", __FUNCTION__, GetExceptionCode() );
}
return status;
}
/// <summary>
/// Get exported function address
/// </summary>
/// <param name="pBase">Module base</param>
/// <param name="name_ord">Function name or ordinal</param>
/// <param name="pProcess">Target process for user module</param>
/// <param name="baseName">Dll name for api schema</param>
/// <returns>Found address, NULL if not found</returns>
PVOID BBGetModuleExport( IN PVOID pBase, IN PCCHAR name_ord, IN PEPROCESS pProcess, IN PUNICODE_STRING baseName )
{
PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER pDosHdr = (PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER)pBase;
PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS32 pNtHdr32 = NULL;
PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS64 pNtHdr64 = NULL;
PIMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY pExport = NULL;
ULONG expSize = 0;
ULONG_PTR pAddress = 0;
ASSERT( pBase != NULL );
if (pBase == NULL)
return NULL;
/// Not a PE file
if (pDosHdr->e_magic != IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE)
return NULL;
pNtHdr32 = (PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS32)((PUCHAR)pBase + pDosHdr->e_lfanew);
pNtHdr64 = (PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS64)((PUCHAR)pBase + pDosHdr->e_lfanew);
// Not a PE file
if (pNtHdr32->Signature != IMAGE_NT_SIGNATURE)
return NULL;
// 64 bit image
if (pNtHdr32->OptionalHeader.Magic == IMAGE_NT_OPTIONAL_HDR64_MAGIC)
{
pExport = (PIMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY)(pNtHdr64->OptionalHeader.DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_EXPORT].VirtualAddress + (ULONG_PTR)pBase);
expSize = pNtHdr64->OptionalHeader.DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_EXPORT].Size;
}
// 32 bit image
else
{
pExport = (PIMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY)(pNtHdr32->OptionalHeader.DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_EXPORT].VirtualAddress + (ULONG_PTR)pBase);
expSize = pNtHdr32->OptionalHeader.DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_EXPORT].Size;
}
PUSHORT pAddressOfOrds = (PUSHORT)(pExport->AddressOfNameOrdinals + (ULONG_PTR)pBase);
PULONG pAddressOfNames = (PULONG)(pExport->AddressOfNames + (ULONG_PTR)pBase);
PULONG pAddressOfFuncs = (PULONG)(pExport->AddressOfFunctions + (ULONG_PTR)pBase);
for (ULONG i = 0; i < pExport->NumberOfFunctions; ++i)
{
USHORT OrdIndex = 0xFFFF;
PCHAR pName = NULL;
// Find by index
if ((ULONG_PTR)name_ord <= 0xFFFF)
{
OrdIndex = (USHORT)i;
}
// Find by name
else if ((ULONG_PTR)name_ord > 0xFFFF && i < pExport->NumberOfNames)
{
pName = (PCHAR)(pAddressOfNames[i] + (ULONG_PTR)pBase);
OrdIndex = pAddressOfOrds[i];
}
// Weird params
else
return NULL;
if (((ULONG_PTR)name_ord <= 0xFFFF && (USHORT)((ULONG_PTR)name_ord) == OrdIndex + pExport->Base) ||
((ULONG_PTR)name_ord > 0xFFFF && strcmp( pName, name_ord ) == 0))
{
pAddress = pAddressOfFuncs[OrdIndex] + (ULONG_PTR)pBase;
// Check forwarded export
if (pAddress >= (ULONG_PTR)pExport && pAddress <= (ULONG_PTR)pExport + expSize)
{
WCHAR strbuf[256] = { 0 };
ANSI_STRING forwarder = { 0 };
ANSI_STRING import = { 0 };
UNICODE_STRING uForwarder = { 0 };
ULONG delimIdx = 0;
PVOID forwardBase = NULL;
PVOID result = NULL;
// System image, not supported
if (pProcess == NULL)
return NULL;
RtlInitAnsiString( &forwarder, (PCSZ)pAddress );
RtlInitEmptyUnicodeString( &uForwarder, strbuf, sizeof( strbuf ) );
RtlAnsiStringToUnicodeString( &uForwarder, &forwarder, FALSE );
for (ULONG j = 0; j < uForwarder.Length / sizeof( WCHAR ); j++)
{
if (uForwarder.Buffer[j] == L'.')
{
uForwarder.Length = (USHORT)(j * sizeof( WCHAR ));
uForwarder.Buffer[j] = L'\0';
delimIdx = j;
break;
}
}
// Get forward function name/ordinal
RtlInitAnsiString( &import, forwarder.Buffer + delimIdx + 1 );
RtlAppendUnicodeToString( &uForwarder, L".dll" );
//
// Check forwarded module
//
UNICODE_STRING resolved = { 0 };
UNICODE_STRING resolvedName = { 0 };
BBResolveImagePath( NULL, pProcess, KApiShemaOnly, &uForwarder, baseName, &resolved );
BBStripPath( &resolved, &resolvedName );
forwardBase = BBGetUserModule( pProcess, &resolvedName, PsGetProcessWow64Process( pProcess ) != NULL );
result = BBGetModuleExport( forwardBase, import.Buffer, pProcess, &resolvedName );
RtlFreeUnicodeString( &resolved );
return result;
}
break;
}
}
return (PVOID)pAddress;
}
/// <summary>
/// Check if thread does not satisfy APC requirements
/// </summary>
/// <param name="pThread">Thread to check</param>
/// /// <param name="isWow64">If TRUE - check Wow64 TEB</param>
/// <returns>If TRUE - BBLookupProcessThread should skip thread</returns>
BOOLEAN BBSkipThread( IN PETHREAD pThread, IN BOOLEAN isWow64 )
{
PUCHAR pTeb64 = PsGetThreadTeb( pThread );
if (!pTeb64)
return TRUE;
// Skip GUI treads. APC to GUI thread causes ZwUserGetMessage to fail
// TEB64 + 0x78 = Win32ThreadInfo
if (*(PULONG64)(pTeb64 + 0x78) != 0)
return TRUE;
// Skip threads with no ActivationContext
// Skip threads with no TLS pointer
if (isWow64)
{
PUCHAR pTeb32 = pTeb64 + 0x2000;
// TEB32 + 0x1A8 = ActivationContextStackPointer
if (*(PULONG32)(pTeb32 + 0x1A8) == 0)
return TRUE;
// TEB64 + 0x2C = ThreadLocalStoragePointer
if (*(PULONG32)(pTeb32 + 0x2C) == 0)
return TRUE;
}
else
{
// TEB64 + 0x2C8 = ActivationContextStackPointer
if (*(PULONG64)(pTeb64 + 0x2C8) == 0)
return TRUE;
// TEB64 + 0x58 = ThreadLocalStoragePointer
if (*(PULONG64)(pTeb64 + 0x58) == 0)
return TRUE;
}
return FALSE;
}
/// <summary>
/// Find first thread of the target process
/// </summary>
/// <param name="pProcess">Target process</param>
/// <param name="ppThread">Found thread. Thread object reference count is increased by 1</param>
/// <returns>Status code</returns>
NTSTATUS BBLookupProcessThread( IN PEPROCESS pProcess, OUT PETHREAD* ppThread )
{
NTSTATUS status = STATUS_SUCCESS;
HANDLE pid = PsGetProcessId( pProcess );
PVOID pBuf = ExAllocatePoolWithTag( NonPagedPool, 1024 * 1024, BB_POOL_TAG );
PSYSTEM_PROCESS_INFO pInfo = (PSYSTEM_PROCESS_INFO)pBuf;
ASSERT( ppThread != NULL );
if (ppThread == NULL)
return STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
if (!pInfo)
{
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: Failed to allocate memory for process list\n", __FUNCTION__ );
return STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
}
// Get the process thread list
status = ZwQuerySystemInformation( SystemProcessInformation, pInfo, 1024 * 1024, NULL );
if (!NT_SUCCESS( status ))
{
ExFreePoolWithTag( pBuf, BB_POOL_TAG );
return status;
}
// Find target thread
if (NT_SUCCESS( status ))
{
status = STATUS_NOT_FOUND;
for (;;)
{
if (pInfo->UniqueProcessId == pid)
{
status = STATUS_SUCCESS;
break;
}
else if (pInfo->NextEntryOffset)
pInfo = (PSYSTEM_PROCESS_INFO)((PUCHAR)pInfo + pInfo->NextEntryOffset);
else
break;
}
}
BOOLEAN wow64 = PsGetProcessWow64Process( pProcess ) != NULL;
// Reference target thread
if (NT_SUCCESS( status ))
{
status = STATUS_NOT_FOUND;
// Get first thread
for (ULONG i = 0; i < pInfo->NumberOfThreads; i++)
{
// Skip current thread
if (/*pInfo->Threads[i].WaitReason == Suspended ||
pInfo->Threads[i].ThreadState == 5 ||*/
pInfo->Threads[i].ClientId.UniqueThread == PsGetCurrentThreadId())
{
continue;
}
status = PsLookupThreadByThreadId( pInfo->Threads[i].ClientId.UniqueThread, ppThread );
// Skip specific threads
if (*ppThread && BBSkipThread( *ppThread, wow64 ))
{
ObDereferenceObject( *ppThread );
*ppThread = NULL;
continue;
}
break;
}
}
else
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: Failed to locate process\n", __FUNCTION__ );
if (pBuf)
ExFreePoolWithTag( pBuf, BB_POOL_TAG );
// No suitable thread
if (!*ppThread)
status = STATUS_NOT_FOUND;
return status;
}
/// <summary>
/// Create new thread in the target process
/// Must be running in target process context
/// </summary>
/// <param name="pBaseAddress">Thread start address</param>
/// <param name="pParam">Thread argument</param>
/// <param name="flags">Thread creation flags</param>
/// <param name="wait">If set to TRUE - wait for thread completion</param>
/// <param name="pExitStatus">Thread exit status</param>
/// <returns>Status code</returns>
NTSTATUS BBExecuteInNewThread(
IN PVOID pBaseAddress,
IN PVOID pParam,
IN ULONG flags,
IN BOOLEAN wait,
OUT PNTSTATUS pExitStatus
)
{
HANDLE hThread = NULL;
OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES ob = { 0 };
InitializeObjectAttributes( &ob, NULL, OBJ_KERNEL_HANDLE, NULL, NULL );
NTSTATUS status = ZwCreateThreadEx(
&hThread, THREAD_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION, &ob,
ZwCurrentProcess(), pBaseAddress, pParam, flags,
0, 0x1000, 0x100000, NULL
);
// Wait for completion
if (NT_SUCCESS( status ) && wait != FALSE)
{
// Force 60 sec timeout
LARGE_INTEGER timeout = { 0 };
timeout.QuadPart = -(60ll * 10 * 1000 * 1000);
status = ZwWaitForSingleObject( hThread, TRUE, &timeout );
if (NT_SUCCESS( status ))
{
THREAD_BASIC_INFORMATION info = { 0 };
ULONG bytes = 0;
status = ZwQueryInformationThread( hThread, ThreadBasicInformation, &info, sizeof( info ), &bytes );
if (NT_SUCCESS( status ) && pExitStatus)
{
*pExitStatus = info.ExitStatus;
}
else if (!NT_SUCCESS( status ))
{
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: ZwQueryInformationThread failed with status 0x%X\n", __FUNCTION__, status );
}
}
else
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: ZwWaitForSingleObject failed with status 0x%X\n", __FUNCTION__, status );
}
else
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: ZwCreateThreadEx failed with status 0x%X\n", __FUNCTION__, status );
if (hThread)
ZwClose( hThread );
return status;
}
/// <summary>
/// Queue user-mode APC to the target thread
/// </summary>
/// <param name="pThread">Target thread</param>
/// <param name="pUserFunc">APC function</param>
/// <param name="Arg1">Argument 1</param>
/// <param name="Arg2">Argument 2</param>
/// <param name="Arg3">Argument 3</param>
/// <param name="bForce">If TRUE - force delivery by issuing special kernel APC</param>
/// <returns>Status code</returns>
NTSTATUS BBQueueUserApc(
IN PETHREAD pThread,
IN PVOID pUserFunc,
IN PVOID Arg1,
IN PVOID Arg2,
IN PVOID Arg3,
IN BOOLEAN bForce
)
{
ASSERT( pThread != NULL );
if (pThread == NULL)
return STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
// Allocate APC
PKAPC pPrepareApc = NULL;
PKAPC pInjectApc = ExAllocatePoolWithTag( NonPagedPool, sizeof( KAPC ), BB_POOL_TAG );
if (pInjectApc == NULL)
{
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: Failed to allocate APC\n", __FUNCTION__ );
return STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
}
// Actual APC
KeInitializeApc(
pInjectApc, (PKTHREAD)pThread,
OriginalApcEnvironment, &KernelApcInjectCallback,
NULL, (PKNORMAL_ROUTINE)(ULONG_PTR)pUserFunc, UserMode, Arg1
);
// Setup force-delivery APC
if (bForce)
{
pPrepareApc = ExAllocatePoolWithTag( NonPagedPool, sizeof( KAPC ), BB_POOL_TAG );
KeInitializeApc(
pPrepareApc, (PKTHREAD)pThread,
OriginalApcEnvironment, &KernelApcPrepareCallback,
NULL, NULL, KernelMode, NULL
);
}
// Insert APC
if (KeInsertQueueApc( pInjectApc, Arg2, Arg3, 0 ))
{
if (bForce && pPrepareApc)
KeInsertQueueApc( pPrepareApc, NULL, NULL, 0 );
return STATUS_SUCCESS;
}
else
{
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: Failed to insert APC\n", __FUNCTION__ );
ExFreePoolWithTag( pInjectApc, BB_POOL_TAG );
if (pPrepareApc)
ExFreePoolWithTag( pPrepareApc, BB_POOL_TAG );
return STATUS_NOT_CAPABLE;
}
}
//
// Injection APC routines
//
VOID KernelApcPrepareCallback(
PKAPC Apc,
PKNORMAL_ROUTINE* NormalRoutine,
PVOID* NormalContext,
PVOID* SystemArgument1,
PVOID* SystemArgument2
)
{
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER( NormalRoutine );
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER( NormalContext );
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER( SystemArgument1 );
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER( SystemArgument2 );
//DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: Called\n", __FUNCTION__ );
// Alert current thread
KeTestAlertThread( UserMode );
ExFreePoolWithTag( Apc, BB_POOL_TAG );
}
VOID KernelApcInjectCallback(
PKAPC Apc,
PKNORMAL_ROUTINE* NormalRoutine,
PVOID* NormalContext,
PVOID* SystemArgument1,
PVOID* SystemArgument2
)
{
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER( SystemArgument1 );
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER( SystemArgument2 );
//DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: Called. NormalRoutine = 0x%p\n", __FUNCTION__, *NormalRoutine );
// Skip execution
if (PsIsThreadTerminating( PsGetCurrentThread() ))
*NormalRoutine = NULL;
// Fix Wow64 APC
if (PsGetCurrentProcessWow64Process() != NULL)
PsWrapApcWow64Thread( NormalContext, (PVOID*)NormalRoutine );
ExFreePoolWithTag( Apc, BB_POOL_TAG );
}
/// <summary>
/// System worker thread that performs actual mapping
/// </summary>
/// <param name="pArg">Path to the driver - PUNICODE_STRING type</param>
/// <returns>Status code</returns>
NTSTATUS BBMapWorker( IN PVOID pArg )
{
NTSTATUS status = STATUS_SUCCESS;
HANDLE hFile = NULL;
PUNICODE_STRING pPath = (PUNICODE_STRING)pArg;
OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES obAttr = { 0 };
IO_STATUS_BLOCK statusBlock = { 0 };
PVOID fileData = NULL;
PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS pNTHeader = NULL;
PVOID imageSection = NULL;
PMDL pMDL = NULL;
FILE_STANDARD_INFORMATION fileInfo = { 0 };
InitializeObjectAttributes( &obAttr, pPath, OBJ_KERNEL_HANDLE, NULL, NULL );
// Open driver file
status = ZwCreateFile(
&hFile, FILE_READ_DATA | SYNCHRONIZE, &obAttr,
&statusBlock, NULL, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, FILE_SHARE_READ,
FILE_OPEN, FILE_SYNCHRONOUS_IO_NONALERT, NULL, 0
);
if (!NT_SUCCESS( status ))
{
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: Failed to open '%wZ'. Status: 0x%X\n", __FUNCTION__, pPath, status );
PsTerminateSystemThread( status );
return status;
}
// Allocate memory for file contents
status = ZwQueryInformationFile( hFile, &statusBlock, &fileInfo, sizeof( fileInfo ), FileStandardInformation );
if (NT_SUCCESS( status ))
fileData = ExAllocatePoolWithTag( PagedPool, fileInfo.EndOfFile.QuadPart, BB_POOL_TAG );
else
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: Failed to get '%wZ' size. Status: 0x%X\n", __FUNCTION__, pPath, status );
// Get file contents
status = ZwReadFile( hFile, NULL, NULL, NULL, &statusBlock, fileData, fileInfo.EndOfFile.LowPart, NULL, NULL );
if (NT_SUCCESS( status ))
{
pNTHeader = RtlImageNtHeader( fileData );
if (!pNTHeader)
{
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: Failed to obtaint NT Header for '%wZ'\n", __FUNCTION__, pPath );
status = STATUS_INVALID_IMAGE_FORMAT;
}
}
else
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: Failed to read '%wZ'. Status: 0x%X\n", __FUNCTION__, pPath, status );
ZwClose( hFile );
if (NT_SUCCESS( status ))
{
//
// Allocate memory from System PTEs
//
PHYSICAL_ADDRESS start = { 0 }, end = { 0 };
end.QuadPart = MAXULONG64;
pMDL = MmAllocatePagesForMdl( start, end, start, pNTHeader->OptionalHeader.SizeOfImage );
imageSection = MmGetSystemAddressForMdlSafe( pMDL, NormalPagePriority );
if (NT_SUCCESS( status ) && imageSection)
{
// Copy header
RtlCopyMemory( imageSection, fileData, pNTHeader->OptionalHeader.SizeOfHeaders );
// Copy sections
for (PIMAGE_SECTION_HEADER pSection = (PIMAGE_SECTION_HEADER)(pNTHeader + 1);
pSection < (PIMAGE_SECTION_HEADER)(pNTHeader + 1) + pNTHeader->FileHeader.NumberOfSections;
pSection++)
{
RtlCopyMemory(
(PUCHAR)imageSection + pSection->VirtualAddress,
(PUCHAR)fileData + pSection->PointerToRawData,
pSection->SizeOfRawData
);
}
// Relocate image
status = LdrRelocateImage( imageSection, STATUS_SUCCESS, STATUS_CONFLICTING_ADDRESSES, STATUS_INVALID_IMAGE_FORMAT );
if (!NT_SUCCESS( status ))
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: Failed to relocate image '%wZ'. Status: 0x%X\n", __FUNCTION__, pPath, status );
// Fill IAT
if (NT_SUCCESS( status ))
status = BBResolveImageRefs( imageSection, TRUE, NULL, FALSE, NULL, 0 );
}
else
{
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: Failed to allocate memory for image '%wZ'\n", __FUNCTION__, pPath );
status = STATUS_MEMORY_NOT_ALLOCATED;
}
}
// SEH support
/*if (NT_SUCCESS( status ))
{
//NTSTATUS( NTAPI* RtlInsertInvertedFunctionTable )(PVOID, SIZE_T) = (NTSTATUS( *)(PVOID, SIZE_T))((ULONG_PTR)GetKernelBase( NULL ) + 0x9B0A8);
NTSTATUS( NTAPI* RtlInsertInvertedFunctionTable )(PVOID, PVOID, SIZE_T) = (NTSTATUS( *)(PVOID, PVOID, SIZE_T))((ULONG_PTR)GetKernelBase( NULL ) + 0x11E4C0);
RtlInsertInvertedFunctionTable((PUCHAR)GetKernelBase( NULL ) + 0x1ED450, imageSection, pNTHeader->OptionalHeader.SizeOfImage );
}*/
// Initialize kernel security cookie
if (NT_SUCCESS( status ))
BBCreateCookie( imageSection );
// Call entry point
if (NT_SUCCESS( status ) && pNTHeader->OptionalHeader.AddressOfEntryPoint)
{
PDRIVER_INITIALIZE pEntryPoint = (PDRIVER_INITIALIZE)((ULONG_PTR)imageSection + pNTHeader->OptionalHeader.AddressOfEntryPoint);
pEntryPoint( NULL, NULL );
}
// Wipe header
if (NT_SUCCESS( status ) && imageSection)
RtlZeroMemory( imageSection, pNTHeader->OptionalHeader.SizeOfHeaders );
// Erase info about allocated region
if (pMDL)
{
// Free image memory in case of failure
if(!NT_SUCCESS( status ))
MmFreePagesFromMdl( pMDL );
ExFreePool( pMDL );
}
if (fileData)
ExFreePoolWithTag( fileData, BB_POOL_TAG );
if (NT_SUCCESS( status ))
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: Successfully mapped '%wZ' at 0x%p\n", __FUNCTION__, pPath, imageSection );
PsTerminateSystemThread( status );
return status;
}
/// <summary>
/// Manually map driver into system space
/// </summary>
/// <param name="pPath">Fully qualified native path to the driver</param>
/// <returns>Status code</returns>
NTSTATUS BBMMapDriver( IN PUNICODE_STRING pPath )
{
HANDLE hThread = NULL;
CLIENT_ID clientID = { 0 };
OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES obAttr = { 0 };
PETHREAD pThread = NULL;
OBJECT_HANDLE_INFORMATION handleInfo = { 0 };
InitializeObjectAttributes( &obAttr, NULL, OBJ_KERNEL_HANDLE, NULL, NULL );
ASSERT( pPath != NULL );
if (pPath == NULL)
return STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
NTSTATUS status = PsCreateSystemThread( &hThread, THREAD_ALL_ACCESS, &obAttr, NULL, &clientID, &BBMapWorker, pPath );
if (!NT_SUCCESS( status ))
{
DPRINT( "BlackBone: %s: Failed to create worker thread. Status: 0x%X\n", __FUNCTION__, status );
return status;
}
// Wait on worker thread
status = ObReferenceObjectByHandle( hThread, THREAD_ALL_ACCESS, *PsThreadType, KernelMode, &pThread, &handleInfo );
if (NT_SUCCESS( status ))
{
THREAD_BASIC_INFORMATION info = { 0 };
ULONG bytes = 0;
status = KeWaitForSingleObject( pThread, Executive, KernelMode, TRUE, NULL );
status = ZwQueryInformationThread( hThread, ThreadBasicInformation, &info, sizeof( info ), &bytes );
if (NT_SUCCESS( status ));
status = info.ExitStatus;
}
if (pThread)
ObDereferenceObject( pThread );
return status;
}