Wikipedia:WikiProject Chemicals/Chembox validation/VerifiedDataSandbox and Silver azide: Difference between pages

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| verifiedrevid = 464390669

| ImageFile = Silver-azide-high-T-single-layer-3D-vdW.png

| Name = Silver azide

| OtherNames = Argentous azide

| IUPACName = Silver(I) azide

| SystematicName =

| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers

| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}

| CASNo = 13863-88-2

| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}

| UNII = H85PJD8U4L

| Formula = {{chem2|AgN3}}

| Appearance = colorless crystals

| Density = 4.42 g/cm³

| MeltingPtC = 250

| MeltingPt_notes = [[explosive]]

| BoilingPt = decomposes

| SolubleOther = 2.0×10⁻⁸ g/L

| CrystalStruct = [[Orthorhombic]] [[Pearson symbol|oI16]]<ref>{{cite journal|journal = Acta Crystallographica|year = 1962|volume = 15|pages = 1313–1314|title = The unit-cell dimensions of silver azide|doi=10.1107/S0365110X62003497|author1=Marr H.E. III. |author2=Stanford R.H. Jr. |issue = 12| bibcode=1962AcCry..15.1313M }}</ref>

| SpaceGroup = Ibam, No 72

| Dipole =

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'''Silver azide''' is the [[chemical compound]] with the [[chemical formula|formula]] {{chem2|AgN3}}. It is a [[silver]](I) salt of [[hydrazoic acid]]. It forms a colorless crystals. Like most azides, it is a [[primary explosive]].

==Structure and chemistry==

Silver azide can be prepared by treating an [[aqueous]] solution of [[silver nitrate]] with [[sodium azide]].<ref name="Matyas&Pachman">{{cite book

| title = Primary Explosives

| author = Robert Matyas, Jiri Pachman

| edition = 1st

| publisher = Springer

| year = 2013

| isbn = 978-3-642-28435-9

| pages = 93

}}[https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007%2F978-3-642-28436-6]</ref> The silver azide precipitates as a white solid, leaving [[sodium nitrate]] in solution.

:{{chem2|AgNO3([[Aqueous solution|aq]]) + NaN3(aq) → AgN3([[Solid|s]]) + NaNO3(aq)}}

[[X-ray crystallography]] shows that {{chem2|AgN3}} is a [[coordination polymer]] with [[square planar]] {{chem2|Ag+}} coordinated by four azide [[ligand]]s. Correspondingly, each end of each azide ligand is connected to a pair of {{chem2|Ag+}} centers. The structure consists of two-dimensional {{chem2|AgN3}} layers stacked one on top of the other, with weaker Ag–N bonds between layers. The coordination of {{chem2|Ag+}} can alternatively be described as highly distorted 4 + 2 octahedral, the two more distant nitrogen atoms being part of the layers above and below.<ref>{{cite journal|author = Schmidt, C. L. Dinnebier, R.; Wedig, U.; Jansen, M. |name-list-style=amp |title = Crystal Structure and Chemical Bonding of the High-Temperature Phase of AgN₃|journal = Inorganic Chemistry|year = 2007|volume = 46|pages = 907–916|doi = 10.1021/ic061963n|pmid = 17257034|issue = 3 }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

| [[File:Silver-azide-high-T-single-layer-3D-balls.png|150px]]||[[File:Silver-azide-high-T-layer-stacking-3D-balls.png|250px]]||[[File:Silver-azide-high-T-Ag-coordination-3D-balls-A.png|150px]]||[[File:Silver-azide-high-T-N-coordination-3D-balls-B.png|150px]]

|-

| <small>Part of a layer</small>||<small>Layer stacking</small>||<small>4 + 2 coordination of {{chem2|Ag+}}</small>||<small>2 + 1 coordination of N in {{chem2|N3-}}</small>

|}

In its most characteristic reaction, the solid decomposes explosively, releasing nitrogen gas:

:{{chem2|2 AgN3(s) → 3 N2(g) + 2 Ag(s)}}

The first step in this decomposition is the production of free electrons and azide radicals; thus the reaction rate is increased by the addition of [[semiconductor|semiconducting]] oxides.<ref>{{cite book | title = Thermal decomposition of ionic solids (vol.86 of Studies in physical and theoretical chemistry | author1 = Andrew Knox Galwey | author2 = Michael E. Brown | publisher = Elsevier | year = 1999 | isbn = 978-0-444-82437-0 | page = 335 }}</ref> Pure silver azide explodes at 340&nbsp;[[Celsius|°C]], but the presence of impurities lowers this down to 270&nbsp;°C.<ref name="armour">{{cite book

| title = Hazardous laboratory chemicals disposal guide, Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology

| author = Margaret-Ann Armour

| authorlink1 = Margaret-Ann Armour

| edition = 3rd

| publisher = CRC Press

| year = 2003

| isbn = 978-1-56670-567-7

| page =452

}}</ref> This reaction has a lower [[activation energy]] and initial delay than the corresponding decomposition of [[lead azide]].<ref>{{cite book | title = Modern Methods and Applications in Analysis of Explosives | author1 = Jehuda Yinon | author2 = Shmuel Zitrin | publisher = John Wiley and Sons | year = 1996 | isbn = 978-0-471-96562-6 | pages = 15–16 }}</ref>

==Safety==

{{chem2|AgN3}}, like most heavy [[Azides#Safety|metal azides]], is a dangerous [[Explosive material#Primary explosive|primary explosive]]. Decomposition can be triggered by exposure to [[ultraviolet]] light or by impact.<ref name="Matyas&Pachman"/> [[Ceric ammonium nitrate]] {{chem2|[NH4]2[Ce(NO3)6]}} is used as an oxidising agent to destroy {{chem2|AgN3}} in spills.<ref name="armour"/>

==See also==

*[[Silver nitride]]

==References==

{{reflist}}

{{Silver compounds}}

{{Azides}}

[[Category:Silver compounds]]

[[Category:Azides]]

[[Category:Explosive chemicals]]