Silver acetylide: Difference between revisions

| Watchedfields = changed

| verifiedrevid = 431909367

| Name =

| ImageFile = Silver acetylide.png

| ImageSize = 120px

| ImageName = Wireframe model of silver acetylide

| ImageFile2 = Silver acetylide3.jpg

| PIN = Silver acetylide

| SystematicName = Silver(I) ethynediide

| OtherNames = {{ubl|Silver percarbide|Silver carbide|Silver dicarbide|Argentous acetylide|Argentous ethynediide|Argentous percarbide|Argentous carbide|Argentous dicarbide}}

| IUPACName =

| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}

| CASNo = 7659-31-6

| SMILES = [Ag+].[Ag+].[C-]#[C-]

| InChI = 1S/C2.2Ag/c1-2;;/q-2;2*+1

| InChIKey = FIDGMLJJLFFOEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}

| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties

| Formula = {{chem2|Ag2C2}}

| C=2 | Ag=2

| Appearance= gray or white solid

| Density= 4.47 g/cm³<ref>{{cite journal |last1=McCowan |first1=J. D. |title=Decomposition of silver acetylide |journal=Transactions of the Faraday Society |date=1963 |volume=59 |pages=1860–1864|doi=10.1039/tf9635901860}}</ref>

| MeltingPtC= 120

| BoilingPt= decomposes

| Solubility= insoluble

}}

| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards

| MainHazards= highly sensitive primary explosive

| NFPA-F = 3

| NFPA-H = 3

| NFPA-R = 4

| FlashPtC = 77

| AutoignitionPtC =

}}

| Section4 =

|Section5={{Chembox Thermochemistry

| DeltaHf = 357.6±5.0 kJ/mol<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Finch |first1=Arthur |last2=Gardner |first2=Peter J. |last3=Head |first3=Arthur J. |last4=Majdi |first4=Hassan S. |title=The standard enthalpy of formation of silver acetylide |journal=Thermochimica Acta |date=1991 |volume=180 |pages=325–330 |doi=10.1016/0040-6031(91)80402-5}}</ref>

}}

| Section6 =

'''Silver acetylide''' is an [[inorganic chemical compound]] with the formula {{chem2|Ag2C2|auto=1}}, a [[metal acetylide]]. The compound can be regarded as a [[silver]] [[salt (chemistry)|salt]] of the weak [[acid]], [[acetylene]]. The salt's [[anion]] consists of two [[carbon]] atoms linked by a [[triple bond]], thus, its structure is {{chem2|[Ag+]2[−C\tC−]}}. The alternate name "silver carbide" is rarely used, although the analogous calcium compound {{chem2|CaC2}} is called [[calcium carbide]]. Silver acetylide is a primary [[explosive]].

Silver acetylide can be produced by passing [[acetylene]] gas through a solution of [[silver nitrate]]:<ref>{{cite journal|author1=G.-C. Guo |author2=Q.-G. Wang |author3=G.-D. Zhou |author4=T. C. W. Mak |title =Synthesis and characterization of Ag₂C₂·2AgClO₄·2H₂O: a novel layer-type structure with the acetylide dianion functioning in a ₆-η¹,η¹:η²,η²:η²,η² bonding mode inside an octahedral silver cage|journal= [[Chem. Commun.]]|issue = 3|year= 1998|pages= 339–340|doi=10.1039/a708439k}}</ref>

:{{chem2|2 AgNO3(aq) + C2H2(g) → Ag2C2(s) + 2 [[Nitric acid|HNO3]](aq)}}

| author = M. P. Berthelot

| author-link =M. P. Berthelot

| url =https://zenodo.org/record/1427253

The double salt is formed in acidic or neutral silver nitrate solutions. Performing the synthesis in [[Base (chemistry)|basic]] [[ammonia]] solution does not allow the [[double salt]] to form, producing pure silver acetylide. To properly form the double salt, acetylene gas is passed through dilute silver nitrate and nitric acid solution. Instead of the conventional synthesis of passing acetylene gas through silver nitrate solution, a purer and whiter precipitate can be formed by passing acetylene gas through [[acetone]] and adding the acetylene solution drop-wise to a dilute silver nitrate and nitric acid solution. The reaction was performed at ambient room temperature.

== Explosive character ==

Pure silver acetylide is a heat- and shock-sensitive [[primary explosive]]. Silver acetylide decomposes through the reaction:

:{{chem2|Ag2C2(s) → 2 Ag(s) + 2 C(s)}}

The [[Velocity of detonation|detonation velocity]] of the silver acetylide-silver nitrate double salt is 1980&nbsp;m/s, while that of pure silver acetylide is 1200&nbsp;m/s.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Matyáš|first1=Robert|title=Primary Explosives|last2=Pachman|first2=Jiří|date=2013|publisher=Springer Berlin Heidelberg|isbn=9783642284359|location=Berlin, Heidelberg|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-3-642-28436-6|s2cid=199492549}}</ref>

Silver acetylide is not soluble in water and is not appreciably soluble in any other solvent.

{{Carbides}}

[[Category:Organosilver compounds]]