Nymphaeum (Illyria): Difference between revisions
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{{About|the ancient harbour in [[Illyria]]|other uses|Nymphaion (disambiguation)}}{{Distinguish|Nymphaion (fire sanctuary)}} |
{{About|the ancient harbour in [[Illyria]]|other uses|Nymphaion (disambiguation)}}{{Distinguish|Nymphaion (fire sanctuary)}} |
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'''Nymphaeum''' or '''Nymphaion''' ({{lang-grc|Νυμφαῖον, Νύμφαιον or Νυμφαίη}}; {{lang-lat|Nymphaeum}}) was an ancient harbour on the coast of [[Illyria]], three miles to the north of [[Lissus]].{{sfn|Matthews|2008|p=289}}<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0059:entry=Nymphaeum1&highlight=nymphaeum Charlton T. Lewis]</ref><ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0068:text=comm:book=4:commline=574&highlight=nymphaeum George W. Mooney, Ed.]</ref> |
'''Nymphaeum''' or '''Nymphaion''' ({{lang-grc|Νυμφαῖον, Νύμφαιον or Νυμφαίη}}; {{lang-lat|Nymphaeum}}) was an ancient harbour on the coast of [[Illyria]], three miles to the north of [[Lissus]].{{sfn|Matthews|2008|p=289}}<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0059:entry=Nymphaeum1&highlight=nymphaeum Charlton T. Lewis]</ref><ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0068:text=comm:book=4:commline=574&highlight=nymphaeum George W. Mooney, Ed.]</ref> The site has been identified with the area of modern day [[Shëngjin]], [[Albania]].{{sfn|Pitassi|2009|pp=172–173}}{{sfn|Wilkes|2000|p=754}} Perhaps emerged since the 5th century BC, Nymphaeum is considered as one of the earliest [[Greek colonisation|Greek colonies]] on the Albanian coast.{{sfn|Cabanes|2008|p=175}} |
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It was mentioned by [[Pliny the Elder]] (23 CE – 79), [[Lucan]]us<ref>Luc. Pharsalia 5.720, "Past Lissus' shelter which they vainly sought, till bare to northern blasts, Nymphaeum's port..."</ref> (39 AD – 65 AD), [[Livy]] (59 BC – AD 17) and [[Julius Caesar]]<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=WqKvMe_jCtcC&pg=PA4439&dq=nymphaion+lissos&lr=&as_drrb_is=b&as_minm_is=0&as_miny_is=1970&as_maxm_is=0&as_maxy_is=&as_brr=0&hl=el&cd=2#v=onepage&q=nymphaion%20lissos&f=false ''Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt''...]</ref> (100 BC - 44 BC). The harbour of Nymphaeum was used by [[Marcus Antonius]] and his fleet when they arrived in Illyricum during [[Caesar's Civil War]].{{sfn|Pitassi|2009|pp=172–173}} |
It was mentioned by [[Pliny the Elder]] (23 CE – 79), [[Lucan]]us<ref>Luc. Pharsalia 5.720, "Past Lissus' shelter which they vainly sought, till bare to northern blasts, Nymphaeum's port..."</ref> (39 AD – 65 AD), [[Livy]] (59 BC – AD 17) and [[Julius Caesar]]<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=WqKvMe_jCtcC&pg=PA4439&dq=nymphaion+lissos&lr=&as_drrb_is=b&as_minm_is=0&as_miny_is=1970&as_maxm_is=0&as_maxy_is=&as_brr=0&hl=el&cd=2#v=onepage&q=nymphaion%20lissos&f=false ''Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt''...]</ref> (100 BC - 44 BC). The harbour of Nymphaeum was used by [[Marcus Antonius]] and his fleet when they arrived in Illyricum during [[Caesar's Civil War]].{{sfn|Pitassi|2009|pp=172–173}} |
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*{{cite book|last=Matthews|first=Monica|title=Caesar and the Storm: A Commentary on Lucan, De Bello Civili, Book 5, Lines 476-721|publisher=Peter Lang|year=2008|isbn=3039107364|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KthVwwtvGpsC&dq}} |
*{{cite book|last=Matthews|first=Monica|title=Caesar and the Storm: A Commentary on Lucan, De Bello Civili, Book 5, Lines 476-721|publisher=Peter Lang|year=2008|isbn=3039107364|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KthVwwtvGpsC&dq}} |
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*{{cite book|last=Pitassi|first=Michael|title=The navies of Rome|year=2009|publisher=Boydell & Brewer|isbn=1843836009|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ccHyOlPK4pIC&dq}} |
*{{cite book|last=Pitassi|first=Michael|title=The navies of Rome|year=2009|publisher=Boydell & Brewer|isbn=1843836009|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ccHyOlPK4pIC&dq}} |
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*{{Cite book|author-last=Wilkes|author-first=J. J.|editor-last1=Talbert|editor-first1=Richard J. A.|title=Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World: Map-by-map Directory|volume=1|chapter=Map 49 Illyricum. Compiled by J.J. Wilkes, 1995|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=2000|pp=749-760|isbn=0691049459|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x_FHmc_E2uQC&pg}} |
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[[Category:Former populated places in the Balkans]] |
[[Category:Former populated places in the Balkans]] |
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Revision as of 13:16, 21 November 2020
Nymphaeum or Nymphaion (Template:Lang-grc; Template:Lang-lat) was an ancient harbour on the coast of Illyria, three miles to the north of Lissus.[1][2][3] The site has been identified with the area of modern day Shëngjin, Albania.[4][5] Perhaps emerged since the 5th century BC, Nymphaeum is considered as one of the earliest Greek colonies on the Albanian coast.[6]
It was mentioned by Pliny the Elder (23 CE – 79), Lucanus[7] (39 AD – 65 AD), Livy (59 BC – AD 17) and Julius Caesar[8] (100 BC - 44 BC). The harbour of Nymphaeum was used by Marcus Antonius and his fleet when they arrived in Illyricum during Caesar's Civil War.[4]
References
Citations
- ^ Matthews 2008, p. 289.
- ^ Charlton T. Lewis
- ^ George W. Mooney, Ed.
- ^ a b Pitassi 2009, pp. 172–173.
- ^ Wilkes 2000, p. 754.
- ^ Cabanes 2008, p. 175.
- ^ Luc. Pharsalia 5.720, "Past Lissus' shelter which they vainly sought, till bare to northern blasts, Nymphaeum's port..."
- ^ Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt...
Bibliography
- Cabanes, Pierre (2008). "Greek Colonisation in the Adriatic". In Tsetskhladze, Gocha R. (ed.). Greek Colonisation: An Account of Greek Colonies and Other Settlements Overseas. Vol. 2. Brill. pp. 155–186. ISBN 9789047442448.
- Matthews, Monica (2008). Caesar and the Storm: A Commentary on Lucan, De Bello Civili, Book 5, Lines 476-721. Peter Lang. ISBN 3039107364.
- Pitassi, Michael (2009). The navies of Rome. Boydell & Brewer. ISBN 1843836009.
- Wilkes, J. J. (2000). "Map 49 Illyricum. Compiled by J.J. Wilkes, 1995". In Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.). Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World: Map-by-map Directory. Vol. 1. Princeton University Press. pp. 749–760. ISBN 0691049459.