The Green Turtle is a superhero originally published by Rural Home Publications. He first appeared in Blazing Comics (1944), and was created by Chinese-American cartoonist Chu F. Hing.[2] While the original run of the character lasted only five issues, the Green Turtle is notable for two factors. First, during WWII, the stories represented the Chinese in U.S. popular media as heroic partners fighting the Axis. One issue begins with the banner 美國及中華民國 (the United States united with the Chinese Republic), and features a U.S. general joining Chinese guerrillas in battle.[3] During the war, U.S. depictions of the Pacific theatre were typically racialized; the "Yellow Peril" stereotypes applied to the Japanese were originally anti-Chinese[4] and portrayed Asians as racial enemies of Western civilization.[5][6] Second, the character is often identified as the first Asian-American comic book hero. These factors inspired a contemporary graphic novel on the Green Turtle, Shadow Hero, by Gene Luen Yang, whose American Born Chinese was the first work in a comics format to be nominated for the National Book Award.[3]
| Green Turtle | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Publication information | |
| Publisher | Rural Home Publications |
| First appearance | Blazing Comics #1 (1944) |
| Created by | Chu F. Hing[1] |
| In-story information | |
| Full name | Hank Chu |
| Partnerships | Burma Boy |
| Abilities | None |
Character history
editThe Green Turtle aided the Chinese in guerrilla warfare against the Japanese invaders in World War II. He wore a green cowl and a cloak with a turtle-shell design.[7] Most origin stories around the comic say that Hing initially wanted to make him an overtly Chinese hero, but his publisher would not allow this, believing there would not be a sufficient market for an Asian superhero, so Hing never drew the character without his mask. He had a sidekick, Burma Boy, a young beggar whom the Green Turtle rescued from execution by the Japanese army.[8] He also had a manservant, Wun Too.[2]
The Green Turtle's secret identity was never revealed, and readers never saw the character's face without a mask,[9] until a reboot presented Hank Chu's face, identity, and origin story.
Powers and abilities
editThe Green Turtle as originally written has no special powers but is a skilled fighter and flies a high-tech Turtle Plane.[10] He wears a large, flowing cape with a green turtle emblem, and is occasionally depicted with a huge, shadowy, black turtle silhouette rearing behind him. Though the significance of this is never established in the original series, it could be a visual reference to the Black Tortoise of Chinese mythology.
Reboot
editIn 2014, Gene Luen Yang and Sonny Liew created a six-issue miniseries The Shadow Hero to revive the Green Turtle, with a retcon explaining the turtle silhouette as a spirit who keeps the Green Turtle from getting shot. A trade paperback collecting all six issues was published by First Second Books in 2014.[11]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Chu is the family name: see Gene Luen Yang, A Mistake in The Shadow Hero, Diversity in YA (2015)
- ^ a b Mitchell, Kurt; Thomas, Roy (2019). American Comic Book Chronicles: 1940-1944. TwoMorrows Publishing. p. 245. ISBN 978-1605490892.
- ^ a b "Was The Green Turtle The First Asian-American Superhero?". NPR.org. Retrieved 2022-05-03.
- ^ "Asian Immigration: The "Yellow Peril" · Race in the United States, 1880-1940 · Student Digital Gallery · BGSU Libraries". digitalgallery.bgsu.edu. Retrieved 2022-05-03.
- ^ "Racism in the war in the Pacific > Professor Geoffrey Wawro > WW2History.com". ww2history.com. Retrieved 2022-05-03.
- ^ Shim, Doobo (October 1998). "From Yellow Peril through Model Minority to Renewed Yellow Peril". Journal of Communication Inquiry. 22 (4): 385–409. doi:10.1177/0196859998022004004. ISSN 0196-8599. S2CID 145395286.
- ^ Yoe, Craig (2016). Super Weird Heroes:Outrageous But Real!. Yoe Books/IDW. p. 154. ISBN 978-1631407451.
- ^ Nevins, Jess (2013). Encyclopedia of Golden Age Superheroes. High Rock Press. p. 42. ISBN 978-1-61318-023-5.
- ^ Benton, Mike (1992). Superhero Comics of the Golden Age: The Illustrated History. Dallas: Taylor Publishing Company. p. 153. ISBN 0-87833-808-X. Retrieved 15 January 2020.
- ^ Nevins, Jess (2013). Encyclopedia of Golden Age Superheroes. High Rock Press. p. 118. ISBN 978-1-61318-023-5.
- ^ Yu, Phil (2014-02-20). "The Heroic Return of the Green Turtle". Retrieved 2014-03-14.
