These are the words of Nehemiah
The opening phrase establishes the authorship and personal nature of the book. "Nehemiah" means "Yahweh comforts" in Hebrew, which is fitting given his role in restoring Jerusalem. Nehemiah's narrative is a testament to God's faithfulness and the comfort He provides through His servants. This introduction sets the stage for a first-person account, emphasizing authenticity and personal experience.

son of Hacaliah
This genealogical note roots Nehemiah in a specific family line, which is significant in Jewish tradition. "Hacaliah" is a name that appears only here in the Bible, suggesting that Nehemiah's family may not have been prominent, highlighting how God often uses ordinary people for extraordinary purposes. This detail underscores the theme of divine selection and empowerment.

In the month of Chislev
Chislev corresponds to November-December in the Gregorian calendar. This timing is significant as it situates Nehemiah's account within the Jewish calendar, which is rich with religious and agricultural symbolism. The month of Chislev, being a time of preparation for winter, metaphorically suggests a period of introspection and readiness for the challenges ahead.

in the twentieth year
This phrase refers to the twentieth year of King Artaxerxes' reign, around 445 BC. This historical marker is crucial for understanding the geopolitical context of Nehemiah's mission. The Persian Empire was vast and powerful, and Nehemiah's position within it as cupbearer to the king indicates his significant influence and access to power.

while I was in the citadel of Susa
Susa was one of the capitals of the Persian Empire, known for its grandeur and strategic importance. The "citadel" refers to the fortified palace complex, symbolizing both the power of the empire and the exile of the Jewish people. Nehemiah's presence in Susa highlights the tension between his high status in a foreign court and his deep concern for his homeland, Jerusalem. This setting foreshadows the divine orchestration of events that will enable Nehemiah to act on behalf of his people.

Hanani, one of my brothers
The name "Hanani" is of Hebrew origin, meaning "gracious" or "God has favored." This introduction of Hanani as one of Nehemiah's brothers suggests a familial bond that goes beyond mere blood relation, indicating a shared spiritual and cultural heritage. In the context of the Jewish community, family ties were crucial for maintaining identity and faith, especially during the exile. Hanani's role here is significant as he becomes the bearer of news that will catalyze Nehemiah's mission. Historically, the mention of a brother underscores the importance of kinship in the Jewish diaspora, where family members often served as primary sources of information and support.

arrived with men from Judah
The phrase "arrived with men from Judah" situates the narrative within a specific geographical and historical context. Judah, the southern kingdom of Israel, had been devastated by the Babylonian conquest, leading to the exile of its people. The return of men from Judah signifies a connection to the land and the ongoing concern for its condition. This arrival is not just a physical journey but a symbolic return to roots and identity. Archaeologically, this period marks the beginning of the Persian era, where the return of exiles was permitted, allowing for the rebuilding of Jerusalem and the Temple.

and I questioned them
Nehemiah's act of questioning reflects a deep concern and responsibility for his people. The Hebrew root for "questioned" implies a diligent inquiry, suggesting that Nehemiah's interest was not casual but driven by a heartfelt desire to understand the plight of his fellow Jews. This questioning is a model of leadership that values information and empathy, seeking to be informed before taking action. Scripturally, it echoes the wisdom tradition, where seeking knowledge and understanding is a virtue.

about the remnant who had survived the exile
The term "remnant" is significant in biblical theology, often referring to a faithful group preserved by God through trials. This remnant represents hope and continuity for the Jewish people, embodying the promise of restoration despite past judgments. The survival of this remnant is a testament to God's faithfulness and the resilience of His people. Historically, the exile was a period of profound transformation, and those who survived carried the legacy and lessons of that experience.

and also about Jerusalem
Jerusalem, the holy city, holds a central place in Jewish identity and faith. Nehemiah's concern for Jerusalem reflects its significance as the spiritual and political heart of the Jewish nation. The city's condition was a barometer of the people's spiritual state and their relationship with God. In the post-exilic period, Jerusalem's restoration was not just about physical rebuilding but also about re-establishing the covenant community. This concern for Jerusalem underscores the theme of restoration and renewal that runs throughout the book of Nehemiah.

They told me
This phrase indicates a direct communication to Nehemiah, emphasizing the personal nature of the message. In the Hebrew context, the verb used here suggests a report or announcement, often carrying a sense of urgency or importance. Nehemiah, serving in the Persian court, receives this news, which sets the stage for his deep emotional and spiritual response. It highlights the importance of being receptive to the needs and conditions of God's people, even when one is far removed from them physically.

The remnant in the province
The term "remnant" is significant in biblical literature, often referring to a small, surviving group of people who remain faithful to God despite adversity. In Hebrew, the word "she'erit" conveys the idea of those who are left behind or have escaped destruction. This remnant in the province of Judah represents the continuity of God's covenant people, despite the calamities they have faced. It serves as a reminder of God's faithfulness and the hope for restoration.

who survived the exile
This phrase underscores the historical context of the Babylonian exile, a pivotal event in Jewish history. The Hebrew word for "survived" implies those who have escaped or been delivered from a great calamity. The exile was a period of profound loss and identity crisis for the Israelites, and survival indicates not just physical endurance but also spiritual resilience. It speaks to God's sustaining power and the enduring hope of redemption and return.

are in great trouble and disgrace
The Hebrew words for "trouble" and "disgrace" paint a picture of severe distress and humiliation. "Trouble" (ra'ah) often denotes calamity or evil, while "disgrace" (cherpah) suggests shame or reproach. This condition of the remnant reflects the broader spiritual and social desolation of Jerusalem. It calls to mind the consequences of sin and disobedience, yet also sets the stage for God's redemptive work through Nehemiah's leadership.

The wall of Jerusalem is broken down
The wall symbolizes protection, security, and identity for the city of Jerusalem. In ancient times, a city's walls were crucial for defense against enemies. The Hebrew verb for "broken down" (parats) implies a violent breach or destruction. This physical devastation mirrors the spiritual and moral decay of the people. It serves as a call to action for Nehemiah, who is moved to rebuild not just the physical walls but also the spiritual fortifications of the community.

and its gates are burned with fire
Gates in ancient cities were not only points of entry but also places of judgment and commerce. The burning of the gates signifies total vulnerability and loss of order. The Hebrew word for "burned" (saraph) indicates complete consumption by fire, a symbol of judgment and purification. This imagery evokes the need for renewal and restoration, both physically and spiritually. It challenges the faithful to rise from the ashes of destruction and seek God's guidance in rebuilding their lives and communities.

When I heard these words
The phrase "When I heard these words" indicates a moment of profound impact and realization for Nehemiah. The Hebrew root for "heard" is "שָׁמַע" (shama), which implies not just the act of hearing but also understanding and internalizing the message. Nehemiah's response to the news about Jerusalem's desolation shows his deep connection to his heritage and his sensitivity to the plight of his people. This moment of hearing is pivotal, as it sets the stage for his subsequent actions and reveals the importance of being attentive to God's call and the needs of His people.

I sat down and wept
The act of sitting down and weeping reflects a deep emotional response. In ancient Near Eastern cultures, sitting was often a posture of mourning and contemplation. The Hebrew word for "wept" is "בָּכָה" (bakah), which conveys a sense of lamentation and sorrow. Nehemiah's tears are not just for the physical state of Jerusalem but also for the spiritual condition of the people. This response highlights the importance of empathy and compassion in leadership, as Nehemiah's heart is moved by the suffering of others.

I mourned for days
Mourning in the biblical context often involved specific rituals and was a communal expression of grief. The Hebrew word "אָבַל" (aval) for "mourned" suggests a deep, prolonged period of sorrow. Nehemiah's mourning for days indicates the seriousness of the situation and his commitment to seeking God's intervention. This extended period of mourning underscores the need for patience and perseverance in prayer, especially when facing overwhelming challenges.

fasting and praying
Fasting and praying are spiritual disciplines that demonstrate humility and dependence on God. The Hebrew word for "fasting" is "צוּם" (tsum), which involves abstaining from food to focus on spiritual matters. Prayer, "תְּפִלָּה" (tefillah), is a means of communicating with God, seeking His guidance and favor. Nehemiah's combination of fasting and praying shows his earnestness and dedication to seeking God's will. It serves as a model for believers to prioritize spiritual disciplines in times of crisis, recognizing that true strength and wisdom come from God.

before the God of heaven
The phrase "before the God of heaven" emphasizes the sovereignty and majesty of God. The title "God of heaven" is used to acknowledge God's supreme authority over all creation. In the context of Nehemiah's prayer, it reflects his recognition of God's power to intervene in earthly affairs. This acknowledgment of God's sovereignty is crucial for believers, as it reminds us that no situation is beyond His control and that our prayers are directed to the One who holds the universe in His hands. Nehemiah's approach to God with reverence and faith sets an example of how to approach God with confidence and trust in His divine plan.

O LORD
The term "LORD" in this context is derived from the Hebrew "YHWH," the sacred and personal name of God, often vocalized as Yahweh. This name signifies God's eternal existence and His covenantal relationship with Israel. Nehemiah's invocation of "O LORD" reflects a deep reverence and acknowledgment of God's sovereignty and personal involvement in the lives of His people. It is a reminder of the intimate relationship believers are invited into, where God is not distant but near and personal.

God of heaven
This phrase emphasizes God's supreme authority and dominion over all creation. The title "God of heaven" is used to distinguish the God of Israel from the pagan gods of the surrounding nations, who were often associated with specific localities or natural phenomena. By addressing God as the "God of heaven," Nehemiah acknowledges His universal power and the belief that He is the ultimate ruler over all earthly and heavenly realms. This recognition is crucial for believers, as it affirms that no situation is beyond God's control.

the great and awesome God
The adjectives "great" and "awesome" highlight God's majesty and the reverential fear He inspires. The Hebrew word for "great" (gadol) conveys the idea of magnitude and importance, while "awesome" (yare) suggests a sense of awe and wonder. Nehemiah's description serves to remind believers of God's unparalleled greatness and the appropriate response of worship and reverence. It is a call to recognize God's power and holiness, which should inspire both confidence and humility in His followers.

who keeps His covenant
The concept of covenant is central to the biblical narrative, representing a binding agreement between God and His people. The Hebrew word for "keeps" (shamar) implies careful attention and faithfulness. Nehemiah acknowledges God's unwavering commitment to His promises, underscoring the reliability and trustworthiness of God. This assurance of God's faithfulness is a source of hope and encouragement for believers, affirming that God will fulfill His promises and remain true to His word.

of loving devotion
The phrase "loving devotion" translates the Hebrew word "chesed," which encompasses love, kindness, mercy, and loyalty. It is a covenantal term that describes God's steadfast love and enduring mercy towards His people. Nehemiah's recognition of God's "loving devotion" highlights the depth of God's commitment and care for His covenant people. For believers, this is a profound reminder of the unchanging and compassionate nature of God, who is always ready to extend grace and mercy.

with those who love Him
This phrase emphasizes the reciprocal nature of the covenant relationship. The Hebrew word for "love" (ahav) denotes deep affection and commitment. Nehemiah points out that God's covenantal blessings are extended to those who genuinely love Him, indicating that a personal and devoted relationship with God is essential. This serves as an encouragement for believers to cultivate a sincere love for God, which is expressed through obedience and faithfulness.

and keep His commandments
The word "keep" (shamar) is repeated here, reinforcing the idea of careful observance and adherence. Nehemiah underscores the importance of obedience to God's commandments as a demonstration of love and faithfulness. The commandments represent God's will and guidance for His people, and keeping them is a sign of loyalty and devotion. For believers, this is a call to live in accordance with God's word, recognizing that true love for God is manifested through obedience to His commands.

let Your ear be attentive
In the Hebrew text, the word for "ear" is "אָזֵן" (ozen), which signifies not just the physical ear but the act of listening with intent and purpose. Nehemiah is imploring God to be actively engaged in hearing his plea. This phrase reflects a deep understanding of the relational nature of God, who is not distant but is intimately involved with His people. The imagery of God’s ear being attentive suggests a readiness to respond, emphasizing the personal relationship between God and His followers.

and Your eyes open
The Hebrew word for "eyes" is "עַיִן" (ayin), which often symbolizes perception and awareness. Nehemiah is asking God to not only hear but also to see the plight of His people. This request for God’s eyes to be open is a plea for divine intervention and oversight. It reflects the belief that God is omniscient and omnipresent, fully aware of the circumstances of His people. The open eyes of God signify His vigilance and readiness to act on behalf of those who call upon Him.

to hear the prayer
The Hebrew word for "hear" is "שָׁמַע" (shama), which means to listen with the intent to understand and respond. Nehemiah is not merely asking God to hear his words but to comprehend the depth of his supplication. This reflects the biblical understanding that prayer is a dialogue with God, who is both willing and able to respond to the cries of His people. The act of hearing in this context is an assurance of God’s active participation in the lives of His followers.

Your servant is praying
The term "servant" in Hebrew is "עֶבֶד" (eved), which denotes one who is in service to another, often with a sense of humility and dedication. Nehemiah identifies himself as God’s servant, acknowledging his position and role in God’s divine plan. This self-identification underscores the humility and submission required in prayer, recognizing God’s sovereignty and authority. It is a reminder of the believer’s duty to serve God faithfully and to seek His will above all else.

before You day and night
This phrase indicates the continuous and persistent nature of Nehemiah’s prayer. The Hebrew understanding of "day and night" signifies an unceasing devotion and commitment to seeking God’s face. It reflects the biblical principle of praying without ceasing, as seen in 1 Thessalonians 5:17. Nehemiah’s dedication to prayer demonstrates the importance of perseverance and faithfulness in seeking God’s intervention and guidance.

for Your servants, the Israelites
Nehemiah’s prayer is intercessory, focusing not only on his own needs but on behalf of the entire nation of Israel. The term "Israelites" refers to the descendants of Jacob, God’s chosen people. This highlights the communal aspect of prayer, where the needs of the community are brought before God. It reflects the biblical theme of intercession, where believers are called to stand in the gap for others, seeking God’s mercy and grace for the collective body of Christ.

I confess the sins
The Hebrew word for "confess" is "יָדָה" (yadah), which means to acknowledge or admit. Nehemiah’s confession is an act of repentance, recognizing the sins that have separated the Israelites from God. This confession is both personal and corporate, acknowledging the collective failures of the nation. It underscores the importance of repentance in restoring the relationship between God and His people, as seen throughout Scripture.

we Israelites, including myself and my father’s house
Nehemiah includes himself and his family in the confession, demonstrating personal accountability and humility. This acknowledgment of personal and familial sin highlights the biblical principle that all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God (Romans 3:23). It serves as a reminder of the need for personal introspection and repentance, recognizing that sin affects not only the individual but the community as a whole.

have committed against You
The phrase "committed against You" indicates that sin is ultimately an offense against God. The Hebrew word for "committed" is "חָטָא" (chata), which means to miss the mark or to transgress. Nehemiah’s acknowledgment of sin as an offense against God reflects the biblical understanding of sin as a violation of God’s holy standards. It emphasizes the need for divine forgiveness and the restoration of the covenant relationship between God and His people.

We have acted very corruptly
The Hebrew root for "corruptly" is "שָׁחַת" (shachath), which conveys a sense of moral decay and destruction. This phrase acknowledges the depth of Israel's sin, emphasizing not just a minor infraction but a profound deviation from God's standards. Historically, this reflects the period of the Babylonian exile, where the Israelites faced the consequences of their persistent disobedience. Nehemiah's confession is a collective acknowledgment of the nation's failure, serving as a model for sincere repentance.

against You
This phrase highlights the personal nature of sin as an offense against God Himself. It underscores the covenant relationship between God and Israel, where disobedience is not merely a breach of law but a betrayal of a divine relationship. Theologically, it reminds believers that sin is ultimately an affront to God's holiness and sovereignty.

and have not kept
The Hebrew word "שָׁמַר" (shamar) means to guard, keep, or observe. This implies a failure to protect and uphold the divine instructions given by God. In the context of Nehemiah, it reflects the neglect of spiritual vigilance and the consequences of straying from God's path. For contemporary believers, it serves as a call to diligently guard their faith and practice.

the commandments, statutes, and ordinances
These terms collectively refer to the comprehensive body of divine law given to Israel. "Commandments" (מִצְוֹת, mitzvot) are direct orders from God, "statutes" (חֻקִּים, chukim) are decrees that may not be fully understood but are to be obeyed, and "ordinances" (מִשְׁפָּטִים, mishpatim) are judgments or legal decisions. This triad emphasizes the fullness of God's law, covering moral, ceremonial, and civil aspects. Historically, these laws were central to Israel's identity and relationship with God, and their neglect led to national calamity.

that You gave Your servant Moses
This phrase roots the law in the historical and divine revelation at Sinai, where Moses received the law directly from God. Moses, as God's servant, is a mediator of the covenant, and his role underscores the divine authority and origin of the law. For Nehemiah, invoking Moses connects the present generation with their spiritual heritage and the enduring relevance of God's commandments. It serves as a reminder of the continuity of God's promises and expectations throughout generations.

Remember the word
The Hebrew word for "remember" is "זָכַר" (zakar), which implies more than just recalling information; it involves an active, intentional bringing to mind with the purpose of action. In the context of Nehemiah, this is a plea for God to act upon His promises. Nehemiah is invoking God's covenant faithfulness, reminding God of His own words, which is a common practice in Hebrew prayers. This reflects a deep trust in God's character and His commitment to His people.

that You commanded
The word "commanded" comes from the Hebrew "צָוָה" (tsavah), which means to give an order or directive. This highlights the authoritative nature of God's words to Moses. It underscores the idea that God's instructions are not mere suggestions but are binding and carry the weight of divine authority. Nehemiah is appealing to the divine mandate given to Moses, which is foundational for the identity and conduct of Israel.

Your servant Moses
Moses is referred to as "Your servant," which is a title of honor and humility. The Hebrew word "עֶבֶד" (eved) signifies one who serves another, often used for those who serve God with faithfulness. By invoking Moses, Nehemiah is connecting his prayer to the historical and spiritual legacy of Israel. Moses is a central figure in the Jewish faith, representing the law and the covenant. Nehemiah is aligning himself with this legacy, seeking to continue the work and faithfulness of Moses.

saying, ‘If you are unfaithful
The phrase "If you are unfaithful" is a conditional statement that reflects the covenantal relationship between God and Israel. The Hebrew root "מָעַל" (ma'al) for "unfaithful" implies a breach of trust or betrayal. This condition is part of the Deuteronomic covenant, where blessings and curses are contingent upon Israel's faithfulness. Nehemiah acknowledges the reality of Israel's past unfaithfulness, which led to their current state of exile.

I will scatter you among the nations
The consequence of unfaithfulness is "I will scatter you among the nations," a phrase that echoes the warnings found in Leviticus 26:33 and Deuteronomy 28:64. The Hebrew word "פּוּץ" (puts) for "scatter" conveys the idea of dispersal and exile. This scattering is both a physical and spiritual separation from the land and presence of God. Historically, this was fulfilled in the Babylonian exile, a pivotal event in Jewish history. Nehemiah's reference to this scattering is a recognition of the just consequences of sin, yet it also sets the stage for his plea for restoration and return, grounded in God's mercy and promises.

But if you return to Me
The phrase "return to Me" is rooted in the Hebrew word "shuv," which means to turn back or repent. This concept of returning is central to the covenant relationship between God and His people. It implies not just a physical return, but a heartfelt repentance and a reorientation of life towards God. Historically, this call to return is significant as it reflects the cyclical pattern of Israel's disobedience and God's call for repentance throughout the Old Testament. It is a reminder of God's enduring mercy and willingness to restore those who earnestly seek Him.

and keep My commandments
The Hebrew word for "keep" is "shamar," which means to guard, observe, or give heed. This implies a diligent and careful observance of God's laws, not merely a passive acknowledgment. The commandments refer to the Torah, the divine instructions given to Israel. In a broader sense, this highlights the importance of obedience in the life of a believer, emphasizing that true repentance is accompanied by a commitment to live according to God's standards.

and do them
The phrase "do them" underscores the necessity of action in faith. It is not enough to merely know or acknowledge God's commandments; they must be actively practiced. This reflects the biblical principle that faith without works is dead (James 2:26). The historical context of Nehemiah involves the rebuilding of Jerusalem's walls, a tangible act of faith and obedience, symbolizing the restoration of both the city and the people's relationship with God.

then even if your exiles have been banished to the farthest horizon
The term "exiles" refers to those who have been taken captive and removed from their homeland. The "farthest horizon" is a poetic expression indicating the most distant places imaginable. This phrase highlights the extent of God's promise to restore His people, no matter how far they have been scattered. It reflects the historical reality of the Babylonian exile and God's promise of return, serving as a powerful metaphor for spiritual restoration and the boundless reach of God's grace.

I will gather them from there
The act of gathering is a recurring theme in Scripture, often associated with God's redemptive work. The Hebrew word "qabats" means to collect or assemble. This promise of gathering signifies God's initiative in restoring His people, emphasizing His sovereignty and faithfulness. It is a message of hope and assurance that no matter how dispersed or lost one may feel, God is able to bring them back into His fold.

and bring them to the place I have chosen
The "place I have chosen" refers to Jerusalem, the city God selected as the center of worship and the dwelling place of His Name. This choice is rooted in God's covenant with David and the establishment of the temple. It signifies God's desire for a relationship with His people and His commitment to dwell among them. Historically, this reflects the return of the exiles to Jerusalem under Nehemiah's leadership, symbolizing the restoration of worship and community.

as a dwelling for My Name
The "dwelling for My Name" signifies God's presence and His covenant relationship with Israel. In Hebrew thought, a name represents one's character and authority. Thus, God's Name dwelling in a place indicates His presence, blessing, and protection. This phrase underscores the ultimate purpose of the return and restoration: to reestablish a community centered around the worship and glorification of God. It serves as a reminder of the believer's calling to be a living temple, a dwelling place for God's presence in the world.

They are Your servants and Your people
This phrase emphasizes the covenant relationship between God and the Israelites. The term "servants" (Hebrew: עֲבָדֶיךָ, avadekha) reflects a position of humility and dedication, indicating that the Israelites are committed to serving God. Historically, this relationship is rooted in the Abrahamic covenant, where God chose Israel as His people. The phrase "Your people" (Hebrew: עַמְּךָ, ammekha) signifies a special possession, highlighting the unique identity and calling of Israel as a nation set apart for God's purposes. This dual identity as both servants and people underscores their role in God's redemptive plan.

You redeemed them
The concept of redemption (Hebrew: גָּאַל, ga'al) is central to the biblical narrative, often associated with liberation from bondage. In the context of Nehemiah, it recalls the Exodus, where God delivered the Israelites from slavery in Egypt. Redemption here is not just a physical deliverance but also a spiritual restoration, pointing to God's ongoing work in bringing His people back to Himself. This act of redemption is a testament to God's faithfulness and His commitment to His promises.

by Your great power
The phrase "great power" (Hebrew: בְּכֹחֲךָ הַגָּדוֹל, b'kochakha hagadol) highlights the omnipotence of God. Throughout Scripture, God's power is demonstrated in creation, miracles, and acts of deliverance. In Nehemiah's context, it serves as a reminder of God's ability to accomplish His purposes despite human limitations. This power is not just physical might but also encompasses God's authority and sovereignty over all creation.

and by Your mighty hand
The "mighty hand" (Hebrew: וּבְיָדְךָ הַחֲזָקָה, u'vyadkha hachazakah) is a metaphorical expression used frequently in the Old Testament to describe God's intervention in human history. It evokes images of God's direct involvement in the affairs of His people, such as the plagues in Egypt and the parting of the Red Sea. This phrase reassures the faithful of God's active presence and His ability to protect and guide His people through challenges. It is a call to trust in God's strength and His unwavering commitment to His covenant promises.

O Lord
The Hebrew word for "Lord" here is "Adonai," which signifies God's sovereign authority and power. Nehemiah begins his prayer by acknowledging God's supreme rule over all creation. This invocation sets the tone for a prayer of humility and dependence, recognizing that all success and mercy come from the divine will of God.

let Your ear be attentive
This phrase is a plea for God to listen closely, derived from the Hebrew verb "qashab," meaning to incline or pay attention. Nehemiah is earnestly seeking God's focused attention, emphasizing the urgency and sincerity of his request. It reflects a deep faith that God is a personal and responsive deity who hears the cries of His people.

to the prayer of Your servant
The term "servant" (Hebrew: "ebed") denotes a position of humility and dedication. Nehemiah identifies himself as God's servant, highlighting his submission and loyalty. This self-identification underscores the relationship between God and His people, where believers are called to serve and honor God in all aspects of life.

and to the prayer of Your servants who delight to revere Your name
Here, Nehemiah includes others who share his reverence for God, indicating a community of faith. The word "delight" (Hebrew: "chaphets") suggests a deep pleasure and commitment to honoring God's name. This collective reverence is a powerful testament to the shared faith and devotion among God's people, emphasizing the importance of communal prayer and worship.

Give Your servant success this day, I pray
The request for "success" (Hebrew: "tsalach") implies a desire for prosperity and favorable outcomes. Nehemiah is asking for God's blessing on his endeavors, recognizing that true success is granted by God. The phrase "this day" indicates the immediacy of his need, reflecting a trust in God's timely provision.

and grant him mercy in the sight of this man
"Mercy" (Hebrew: "racham") is a plea for compassion and favor, particularly in the context of Nehemiah's position before the king. The phrase "in the sight of this man" refers to King Artaxerxes, highlighting the human authority Nehemiah must navigate. This request acknowledges God's sovereignty over human affairs and the belief that God can influence the hearts of rulers.

(For I was the cupbearer to the king.)
This parenthetical note provides historical context, identifying Nehemiah's role as a trusted official in the Persian court. The position of cupbearer was one of significant responsibility and influence, as it involved close proximity to the king. This detail underscores the gravity of Nehemiah's request and the potential impact of his mission to rebuild Jerusalem. It also illustrates how God places His servants in strategic positions to fulfill His purposes.