Then
The word "then" serves as a temporal marker, indicating a continuation of events. In the context of Ezekiel, it suggests a sequence in the prophetic narrative. This word connects the preceding chapters, where God’s judgment and the call for repentance are emphasized, to the current situation. It reminds us that God's dealings with His people are part of a continuous account of redemption and judgment.

some of the elders of Israel
The "elders of Israel" were leaders and representatives of the people, often involved in decision-making and spiritual guidance. Historically, elders held positions of respect and authority within the community. Their coming to Ezekiel signifies a recognition of his prophetic authority and possibly a desire for divine guidance. This phrase highlights the communal aspect of Israel's relationship with God, where leaders play a crucial role in seeking and interpreting God's will.

came to me
The action of coming to Ezekiel indicates a deliberate choice and movement towards the prophet. It suggests a seeking of counsel or a desire to hear from God through His appointed messenger. In the Hebrew context, approaching a prophet was akin to seeking an audience with God Himself, as prophets were seen as God’s mouthpieces. This phrase underscores the importance of seeking divine wisdom and guidance in times of uncertainty.

and sat down before me
Sitting down before Ezekiel implies a posture of listening and readiness to receive instruction or judgment. In ancient Near Eastern culture, sitting was often a position of learning or submission, especially in a religious or judicial context. This phrase suggests a moment of anticipation and humility, as the elders prepare to hear what God has to say through Ezekiel. It serves as a reminder of the importance of approaching God with a heart ready to listen and obey.

And the word
The phrase "And the word" signifies a direct communication from God, emphasizing the divine origin of the message. In Hebrew, "word" is "dabar," which implies not just a spoken word but a matter or thing. This highlights the weight and authority of what follows. The "word" of God is not merely a sound but a powerful, creative force that brings about change and revelation. In the context of Ezekiel, it underscores the prophet's role as a mouthpiece for God, conveying messages that are both authoritative and transformative.

of the LORD
The term "LORD" in all capital letters is the English representation of the Tetragrammaton, YHWH, the sacred and personal name of God revealed to Moses. This name is deeply significant in the Hebrew tradition, representing God's eternal, self-existent nature. It is a reminder of God's covenantal relationship with Israel, His chosen people. The use of "LORD" here reinforces the idea that the message is not from a distant deity but from the covenant-keeping God who is intimately involved in the lives of His people.

came to me
The phrase "came to me" indicates a personal and direct encounter between God and the prophet Ezekiel. This is not a secondhand message but a direct revelation. The Hebrew verb "bo" (to come) suggests movement and arrival, emphasizing that God's word actively seeks out the prophet. This personal aspect of divine communication highlights the intimate relationship between God and His prophets, who are chosen to receive and relay His messages to the people.

saying
The word "saying" introduces the content of the divine message. In Hebrew, "amar" is used, which means to speak or declare. This sets the stage for the specific instructions or revelations that God is about to impart. It underscores the importance of listening and heeding the words that follow, as they are not mere suggestions but divine commands or insights. The use of "saying" also implies that what follows is meant to be communicated to others, reinforcing the prophet's role as a messenger.

Son of man
This phrase is a frequent address to Ezekiel, emphasizing his humanity and role as a representative of the people. In Hebrew, "ben adam" underscores the prophet's connection to mankind, highlighting the contrast between human frailty and divine authority. It serves as a reminder of Ezekiel's mission to convey God's messages to Israel, acting as a bridge between the divine and the earthly.

these men
Referring to the elders of Israel who approached Ezekiel, "these men" indicates individuals who should have been spiritual leaders. Historically, the elders held positions of authority and were expected to guide the people in righteousness. Their presence before Ezekiel suggests a recognition of his prophetic authority, yet their hearts were not aligned with God's will.

have set up idols in their hearts
This phrase reveals the internal nature of idolatry, extending beyond physical idols to the spiritual and emotional realm. The Hebrew word for "idols," "gillulim," often implies detestable things, highlighting the abomination of placing anything above God. The heart, in Hebrew thought, is the center of will and emotion, indicating that these men have allowed their inner desires to replace their devotion to God.

put wicked stumbling blocks before their faces
The imagery of "stumbling blocks" suggests obstacles that lead to sin and separation from God. In Hebrew, "mikshol" refers to something that causes one to fall. Historically, this can be seen as a metaphor for the temptations and false beliefs that the Israelites allowed to obstruct their relationship with God. It underscores the danger of allowing anything to divert one's focus from divine truth.

Should I let them inquire of Me at all?
This rhetorical question from God challenges the sincerity of those seeking divine guidance while harboring idolatry. It reflects God's holiness and justice, questioning whether He should entertain the requests of those whose hearts are divided. The question serves as a call to repentance, urging the people to examine their loyalties and return to genuine worship.

Therefore speak to them
The phrase "Therefore speak to them" indicates a direct command from God to the prophet Ezekiel. The Hebrew root for "speak" is דָּבַר (dabar), which implies not just casual conversation but a formal declaration or proclamation. This highlights the seriousness of the message Ezekiel is to deliver. In the historical context, prophets were God's mouthpieces, and their words carried divine authority. Ezekiel's role was to communicate God's displeasure with Israel's idolatry, emphasizing the urgency and importance of the message.

and tell them
The repetition of "tell them" reinforces the necessity of communication. The Hebrew word for "tell" is אָמַר (amar), which can mean to say, speak, or command. This suggests that Ezekiel's message is not optional but a divine imperative. The historical context shows that Israel was in a state of rebellion, and God was using Ezekiel to call them back to faithfulness.

This is what the Lord GOD says
This phrase establishes the authority of the message. "Lord GOD" in Hebrew is אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה (Adonai Yahweh), combining the sovereign title "Adonai" with the personal name of God, "Yahweh." This combination underscores God's ultimate authority and covenant relationship with Israel. Theologically, it reminds the audience that the message is not Ezekiel's opinion but a divine decree.

When any man of the house of Israel
The phrase "any man of the house of Israel" is inclusive, indicating that the message applies to all Israelites, not just a select few. The "house of Israel" refers to the entire nation, emphasizing collective responsibility. Historically, Israel was chosen as God's covenant people, and this phrase serves as a reminder of their unique relationship and obligations to God.

sets up idols in his heart
"Sets up idols in his heart" is a powerful metaphor for internal idolatry. The Hebrew word for "idols" is גִּלּוּלִים (gillulim), often used derogatorily to describe false gods. The heart, לֵב (lev) in Hebrew, represents the center of one's being, including thoughts, emotions, and will. This phrase indicates that idolatry is not just an external act but an internal condition, a theme consistent throughout Scripture, where God desires wholehearted devotion.

and puts a wicked stumbling block before his face
The "wicked stumbling block" refers to anything that causes one to sin or fall away from God. The Hebrew word for "stumbling block" is מִכְשׁוֹל (mikshol), which can mean an obstacle or hindrance. Historically, Israel often adopted the practices of surrounding nations, leading them away from God. This phrase warns against allowing anything to obstruct one's relationship with God.

and then comes to the prophet
This phrase describes the hypocrisy of seeking divine guidance while harboring idolatry. Prophets were seen as intermediaries between God and the people. The irony here is that individuals seek a word from God while simultaneously rejecting Him in their hearts. This highlights the futility of attempting to manipulate or deceive God.

I the LORD will answer him
God's response is personal and direct, "I the LORD will answer him." The use of "I" emphasizes God's active role in addressing idolatry. The Hebrew root for "answer" is עָנָה (anah), which can mean to respond or testify. This assures that God is not indifferent to sin but will engage with the sinner, often in judgment or correction.

according to his great idolatry
The phrase "according to his great idolatry" indicates that God's response is proportionate to the sin. The Hebrew word for "great" is רַב (rav), meaning abundant or numerous. This suggests that the severity of God's response matches the depth of the idolatry. It serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of turning away from God, urging repentance and a return to faithful worship.

so that I may seize
The phrase "so that I may seize" indicates God's intention to take hold of or capture the attention and devotion of the Israelites. The Hebrew root word here is "תָּפַשׂ" (taphas), which means to lay hold of, grasp, or capture. This reflects God's proactive desire to reclaim His people, emphasizing His sovereignty and relentless pursuit of their hearts. It is a reminder of God's loving discipline, aiming to bring His people back into a faithful relationship with Him.

the house of Israel
This phrase refers to the collective people of Israel, God's chosen nation. Historically, the "house of Israel" signifies not just a political or ethnic group but a covenant community bound to God through the promises made to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. It underscores the communal aspect of their identity and their shared responsibility in maintaining faithfulness to God. The term "house" also implies a familial relationship, highlighting God's role as a Father to His people.

by their hearts
The heart in Hebrew thought, represented by the word "לֵב" (lev), is the center of one's being, encompassing mind, will, and emotions. God's focus on the heart indicates His desire for genuine, internal transformation rather than mere external compliance. This phrase emphasizes the importance of sincerity in worship and devotion, as God seeks a heartfelt relationship with His people, not just ritualistic observance.

because they have all estranged themselves
The term "estranged" comes from the Hebrew root "זוּר" (zur), meaning to turn aside or become a stranger. This highlights the Israelites' deliberate departure from their covenant relationship with God. It conveys a sense of alienation and distance, not because God moved away, but because the people chose to pursue other allegiances. This estrangement is a spiritual adultery, breaking the intimate bond intended between God and His people.

from Me
This phrase underscores the personal nature of the relationship between God and Israel. The use of "Me" highlights God's personal involvement and the pain of separation caused by Israel's unfaithfulness. It is a reminder of God's desire for an exclusive relationship with His people, where He is their sole object of worship and trust.

through their idols
Idols, or "גִּלּוּלִים" (gillulim) in Hebrew, refer to the physical representations of false gods that the Israelites worshipped. This phrase points to the root cause of their estrangement: idolatry. Historically, idolatry was a pervasive issue in ancient Israel, often leading them away from the true worship of Yahweh. The mention of idols serves as a warning against the dangers of allowing anything to take the place of God in one's life, whether physical objects or modern-day equivalents like wealth, power, or status. It calls believers to examine their own lives for anything that might compete with their devotion to God.

Therefore tell the house of Israel
This phrase establishes the audience and the authority behind the message. "Therefore" connects the preceding context, where God addresses the elders of Israel who have set up idols in their hearts. "The house of Israel" refers to the collective people of Israel, God's chosen nation. Historically, Israel is in exile, and this message is a direct communication from God through the prophet Ezekiel. The phrase underscores the covenant relationship between God and Israel, reminding them of their identity and calling.

this is what the Lord GOD says
This phrase asserts divine authority. "The Lord GOD" in Hebrew is "Adonai Yahweh," emphasizing God's sovereignty and covenantal name. It is a reminder that the message is not from Ezekiel himself but from God, who is both the supreme ruler and the personal, covenant-keeping deity of Israel. This divine authority demands attention and obedience from the listeners.

Repent
The Hebrew word for "repent" is "shuv," which means to turn back or return. It is a call for a radical change of direction, both in thought and action. In the biblical context, repentance involves acknowledging sin, feeling genuine sorrow, and making a decisive turn towards God. This call to repentance is central to the prophetic message, emphasizing God's desire for restoration rather than judgment.

and turn away from your idols
"Turn away" is a continuation of the call to repentance, urging a physical and spiritual distancing from "idols." In Hebrew, "idols" are "gillulim," often associated with detestable things or dung, highlighting their worthlessness and impurity. Historically, Israel struggled with idolatry, adopting the gods of surrounding nations. This phrase calls for a rejection of false gods and a return to exclusive worship of Yahweh.

and turn your faces away from all your abominations
"Turn your faces away" suggests a deliberate and conscious decision to reject and avoid. "Abominations" in Hebrew is "to'evot," referring to practices that are detestable and offensive to God. These include idolatry and other sinful behaviors that violate God's commandments. The phrase emphasizes the need for a holistic rejection of sin, not just in action but in attitude and focus, aligning one's life with God's holiness.

For when any Israelite or any foreigner residing in Israel
This phrase emphasizes the inclusivity of God's message and judgment. The Hebrew word for "Israelite" is "Yisra'el," referring to the descendants of Jacob, who was renamed Israel. The inclusion of "any foreigner" (Hebrew: "ger") highlights that God's covenant and expectations extend beyond ethnic Israel to all who dwell within the community. This reflects the historical context where Israel was a nation among nations, yet called to be distinct in its worship and obedience to Yahweh. The presence of foreigners in Israel was common, and they were expected to adhere to certain laws and practices, emphasizing God's universal sovereignty and the call for all to worship Him alone.

separates himself from Me
The Hebrew root for "separates" is "nazar," which means to consecrate or set apart, but in this context, it is used negatively to indicate a deliberate turning away from God. This separation is not merely physical but spiritual and relational, indicating a breach in the covenant relationship. Historically, Israel's identity was deeply tied to their relationship with Yahweh, and separation from Him was akin to national and spiritual apostasy. This phrase serves as a warning against the dangers of idolatry and the importance of remaining faithful to God.

sets up idols in his heart
The phrase "idols in his heart" uses the Hebrew word "gillulim" for idols, which often refers to detestable things or false gods. The heart, "leb" in Hebrew, is the center of one's being, encompassing mind, will, and emotions. This internalization of idolatry signifies a profound spiritual corruption, where the worship of false gods becomes an intrinsic part of one's identity. In the ancient Near Eastern context, idolatry was not just a physical act but a spiritual allegiance, and this phrase underscores the seriousness of internal idolatry, which is even more insidious than external practices.

puts a wicked stumbling block before his face
The term "stumbling block" (Hebrew: "mikshol") refers to anything that causes one to fall into sin or error. The addition of "wicked" (Hebrew: "ra") emphasizes the moral and spiritual danger of such actions. In the historical context, stumbling blocks were often associated with idolatrous practices that led people away from true worship. This phrase illustrates the self-destructive nature of sin, where individuals place obstacles in their own path, leading to spiritual downfall. It serves as a caution against allowing anything to obstruct one's relationship with God.

and then comes to a prophet to inquire of Me
The act of coming to a prophet (Hebrew: "nabi") to inquire of God indicates a desire for divine guidance or revelation. However, in this context, it is hypocritical, as the individual has already turned away from God in their heart. Prophets in Israel were God's mouthpieces, and seeking their counsel was a serious matter. This phrase highlights the futility and insincerity of seeking God's guidance while harboring idolatry, reflecting the broader biblical theme that God desires genuine repentance and wholehearted devotion.

I the LORD will answer him Myself
The use of "I the LORD" (Hebrew: "Ani Yahweh") is emphatic, underscoring God's personal involvement and authority. The promise to "answer him Myself" indicates that God will not be mocked or manipulated. In the biblical narrative, God's direct response often signifies judgment or correction. This phrase serves as a sobering reminder of God's omniscience and justice, affirming that He sees the heart and will address sin directly. It calls believers to sincere repentance and faithfulness, knowing that God is both just and merciful.

I will set My face against that man
This phrase indicates a deliberate and personal opposition from God. The Hebrew word for "set" is "שׂוּם" (sum), which implies a firm and intentional action. In the ancient Near Eastern context, the face represented presence and favor. Thus, God setting His face against someone signifies a withdrawal of His favor and an active stance of judgment. This is a sobering reminder of the seriousness of idolatry and rebellion against God, as it leads to divine disfavor and opposition.

and make him a sign and a proverb
The Hebrew word for "sign" is "אוֹת" (oth), which often denotes a visible marker or symbol. In biblical history, signs were used to convey messages or serve as reminders of God's actions. A "proverb" (משׁל, mashal) is a saying or parable that encapsulates a moral lesson. Together, these terms suggest that the individual becomes an example or warning to others. This reflects the biblical principle that the consequences of sin can serve as a deterrent to others, emphasizing the communal impact of personal rebellion.

and I will cut him off from among My people
The phrase "cut him off" (כרת, karath) is a strong expression used in the Hebrew Bible to denote separation or exclusion, often with connotations of death or destruction. This action signifies a severe judgment, removing the individual from the covenant community. Historically, being cut off from one's people was a fate worse than death, as it meant losing one's identity and inheritance. This underscores the gravity of turning away from God and the resulting loss of fellowship and blessing.

Then you will know that I am the LORD
This concluding phrase is a recurring theme in Ezekiel, emphasizing the recognition of God's sovereignty and holiness. The Hebrew word for "know" (ידע, yada) implies an experiential understanding, not just intellectual acknowledgment. Through His judgments, God reveals His character and authority, compelling His people to recognize His rightful place as LORD. This serves as both a warning and an invitation to return to a right relationship with Him, highlighting the ultimate purpose of divine discipline: to lead people back to the knowledge and worship of the one true God.

But if the prophet
The term "prophet" in Hebrew is "navi," which refers to someone who is called to speak on behalf of God. In the context of ancient Israel, prophets were seen as intermediaries between God and the people. This phrase sets the stage for a conditional situation, indicating that the following actions are contingent upon the behavior of the prophet. It underscores the responsibility and accountability of those who claim to speak for God.

is enticed
The Hebrew word for "enticed" is "patah," which can mean to be deceived or seduced. This suggests a scenario where the prophet is led astray, not necessarily by external forces, but by internal desires or weaknesses. It highlights the vulnerability of even those chosen by God to human failings and the importance of vigilance in spiritual leadership.

to speak a message
The phrase "to speak a message" implies the delivery of a prophetic word or oracle. In the biblical context, a true message from God is characterized by truth and alignment with God's revealed will. This phrase emphasizes the gravity of speaking on behalf of God and the potential consequences of delivering a false message.

I, the LORD, have enticed that prophet
Here, the use of "I, the LORD" (Yahweh) asserts God's sovereignty and ultimate control over all events. The Hebrew word "patah" is used again, but this time it is God who is doing the enticing. This can be understood as God allowing the prophet to follow their own inclinations as a form of judgment. It reflects the biblical theme that God sometimes permits individuals to pursue their own desires to reveal their true character and bring about divine justice.

and I will stretch out My hand against him
The phrase "stretch out My hand" is a common biblical metaphor for divine intervention, often in the form of judgment or punishment. It conveys the idea of God's active involvement in the affairs of humanity, particularly in holding individuals accountable for their actions. This phrase serves as a warning of the serious consequences of leading others astray.

and destroy him
The Hebrew word for "destroy" is "shamad," which means to annihilate or bring to ruin. This indicates the severity of the punishment for false prophecy. It underscores the holiness of God and the seriousness with which He regards the purity of His message and the integrity of those who deliver it.

from among My people Israel
This phrase highlights the communal aspect of the judgment. The prophet is not only accountable to God but also to the community of Israel. It reflects the covenant relationship between God and His people, where the actions of individuals can have broader implications for the community. This serves as a reminder of the interconnectedness of the faith community and the importance of maintaining faithfulness to God's word.

They will bear their punishment
This phrase underscores the principle of personal responsibility and accountability before God. The Hebrew root for "bear" is "נָשָׂא" (nasa), which conveys the idea of carrying or enduring a burden. In the context of Ezekiel, this reflects the divine justice system where each individual is responsible for their own actions. Historically, the Israelites were familiar with the concept of bearing consequences for their sins, as seen in the wilderness wanderings and the Babylonian exile. This phrase serves as a reminder that God's justice is impartial and that each person must face the repercussions of their own choices.

the punishment of the inquirer
The "inquirer" refers to those who seek guidance or prophecy from false prophets. The Hebrew word "דּוֹרֵשׁ" (doresh) implies seeking or inquiring, often with a sense of earnestness or desperation. In the historical context of Ezekiel, many Israelites turned to false prophets for reassurance during times of crisis, rather than seeking the true counsel of God. This phrase highlights the danger of seeking spiritual guidance from sources that do not align with God's truth, emphasizing the importance of discernment and fidelity to God's word.

will be the same as that of the prophet
This phrase indicates that both the false prophet and the one who seeks their counsel will face the same judgment. The Hebrew word for "prophet" is "נָבִיא" (navi), which traditionally refers to someone who speaks on behalf of God. However, in this context, it refers to those who falsely claim divine inspiration. The equal punishment reflects the biblical principle that misleading others spiritually is a grave offense, as it leads people away from the truth of God. This serves as a sobering warning to both leaders and followers within the faith community to adhere strictly to God's revealed word and to avoid the deception of false teachings.

so that the house of Israel
This phrase refers to the collective people of Israel, God's chosen nation. In the Hebrew context, "house" (בֵּית, "beit") often signifies not just a physical dwelling but a lineage or family. The "house of Israel" encompasses the entire community, emphasizing their identity as a covenant people. Historically, Israel was set apart by God to be a light to the nations, a role that required faithfulness and obedience to His commandments.

will no longer
This phrase indicates a cessation or end to a previous behavior or condition. In the context of Ezekiel, it suggests a turning point or transformation. The Hebrew root for "no longer" (לֹא, "lo") is a strong negation, underscoring the seriousness of the change God desires. It implies a divine intervention that will alter the course of Israel's actions.

stray from following Me
The concept of "stray" (תָּעָה, "ta'ah") in Hebrew conveys the idea of wandering or going astray, often used in the context of sheep leaving the safety of the shepherd. This imagery is powerful, as it highlights the vulnerability and danger of departing from God's guidance. Historically, Israel's tendency to stray was a recurring theme, leading to idolatry and disobedience. The phrase "following Me" emphasizes the relational aspect of faith, where God desires His people to walk closely with Him, adhering to His ways.

nor defile themselves
"Defile" (טָמֵא, "tame") in Hebrew refers to becoming unclean or impure, often in a ritualistic or moral sense. In the ancient Near Eastern context, purity was crucial for maintaining a relationship with God. Defilement through idolatry or sin separated the people from God's holiness. This phrase underscores the need for spiritual and moral purity, aligning with God's standards.

with all their transgressions
The word "transgressions" (פֶּשַׁע, "pesha") denotes rebellion or sin, particularly willful acts against God's law. In the biblical narrative, transgressions are not just mistakes but deliberate violations of the covenant relationship. This phrase highlights the comprehensive nature of Israel's sin, encompassing all forms of disobedience and rebellion.

Then they will be My people
This phrase reflects the covenantal promise between God and Israel. The declaration "My people" signifies a restored relationship, where Israel returns to their identity as God's chosen. It echoes the covenant language found throughout the Old Testament, where God repeatedly affirms His commitment to His people despite their failures.

and I will be their God
This phrase completes the covenant formula, emphasizing mutual belonging and relationship. "I will be their God" is a profound statement of divine commitment and presence. It reassures Israel of God's faithfulness and His desire to dwell among them. This promise is central to the biblical narrative, pointing to a future hope where God and His people are united in perfect harmony.

The word of the LORD
This phrase signifies divine communication, a hallmark of prophetic literature. In Hebrew, "word" is "dabar," which implies not just spoken words but also actions and events. The "LORD" is "YHWH," the covenant name of God, emphasizing His eternal and unchanging nature. This phrase underscores the authority and authenticity of the message, reminding us that the words are not Ezekiel's own but are divinely inspired. Historically, prophets were seen as God's mouthpieces, and this introduction assures the audience of the divine origin of the forthcoming message.

came to me
The phrase indicates a direct and personal encounter between God and the prophet. The Hebrew verb "hayah" (came) suggests an occurrence or event, emphasizing the active role of God in initiating communication. This personal interaction highlights the intimate relationship between God and His prophets. It also serves as a reminder that God actively seeks to communicate with His people, often through chosen individuals who are receptive to His voice.

saying
This word introduces the content of the divine message. In Hebrew, "amar" (saying) is used to denote speech, often introducing direct quotations. It prepares the reader for the specific instructions or revelations that follow. The use of "saying" here is a formal introduction, common in prophetic literature, that signals the transition from the narrative to the divine message itself. It emphasizes the importance of the words that follow, urging the audience to pay close attention to the divine instruction or warning that is about to be delivered.

Son of man
This phrase is a frequent address to Ezekiel, emphasizing his humanity and role as a representative of the people. In Hebrew, "ben adam" underscores the prophet's connection to mankind, highlighting the contrast between human frailty and divine authority. It serves as a reminder of Ezekiel's mission to convey God's messages to Israel, acting as a bridge between the divine and the earthly.

if a land sins against Me
The Hebrew word for "sins" here is "chata," which implies missing the mark or straying from the path of righteousness. This phrase suggests a collective moral failure, not just individual transgressions. Historically, Israel's repeated disobedience and idolatry led to divine judgment. The phrase underscores the covenant relationship between God and His people, where national sin has communal consequences.

by acting faithlessly
The term "faithlessly" comes from the Hebrew "ma'al," indicating betrayal or treachery. It conveys a breach of trust, particularly in the context of Israel's covenant with God. This phrase highlights the seriousness of Israel's infidelity, akin to spiritual adultery, which provokes divine response. It serves as a warning of the consequences of abandoning faithfulness to God.

I will stretch out My hand against it
This imagery of God stretching out His hand is a powerful expression of divine intervention and judgment. In biblical history, this phrase often precedes acts of deliverance or punishment. It reflects God's active role in the affairs of nations, emphasizing His sovereignty and the certainty of His justice when His laws are violated.

to cut off its supply of bread
The cutting off of bread symbolizes famine, a common consequence of divine judgment in the Old Testament. Bread, a staple of life, represents God's provision. The withdrawal of sustenance signifies a withdrawal of divine favor and protection, urging the people to recognize their dependence on God for survival and prompting repentance.

to send famine upon it
Famine is a recurring theme in Scripture as a tool of divine discipline. It serves as a tangible reminder of human vulnerability and the need for reliance on God. Historically, famines often led to societal upheaval, forcing people to confront their spiritual state and return to God. This phrase underscores the seriousness of sin and the lengths to which God will go to bring His people back to Him.

and to cut off from it both man and beast
The inclusion of both man and beast in this judgment highlights the comprehensive nature of divine retribution. It reflects the interconnectedness of creation, where human sin impacts the entire ecosystem. This phrase serves as a sobering reminder of the far-reaching consequences of sin, affecting all aspects of life and creation, and calls for a holistic repentance and return to God.

even if these three men
This phrase introduces a hypothetical scenario involving three exemplary figures from the Hebrew Scriptures. The use of "even if" suggests a situation of extreme improbability, emphasizing the severity of the judgment God is pronouncing. The mention of "three men" serves to underscore the idea of individual righteousness and its limitations in the face of communal sin.

Noah
Noah is a pivotal figure in Genesis, known for his righteousness in a corrupt world. In Hebrew, his name (נֹחַ, Noach) is associated with rest and comfort. Noah's account is one of divine judgment and salvation, as he and his family were spared from the flood due to his faithfulness. His inclusion here highlights the theme of personal righteousness amidst widespread wickedness.

Daniel
Daniel, known for his unwavering faith and integrity, is a central figure in the Book of Daniel. His name (דָּנִיֵּאל, Daniyyel) means "God is my judge," reflecting his life of devotion and trust in God despite living in exile. Daniel's presence in this verse underscores the power of steadfast faith and moral courage in a foreign and hostile environment.

and Job
Job is renowned for his patience and endurance through immense suffering. His name (אִיּוֹב, Iyov) is often associated with the idea of returning or repenting. The Book of Job explores themes of suffering, divine justice, and faith. Job's inclusion in this verse serves as a testament to the strength of character and faithfulness in the face of inexplicable trials.

were in it
This phrase situates these three men within the context of the impending judgment on Jerusalem. The hypothetical presence of such righteous individuals in the city underscores the gravity of the situation and the inevitability of divine judgment due to the people's collective sin.

they could deliver only themselves
The emphasis here is on the personal nature of righteousness. Despite their exemplary lives, Noah, Daniel, and Job could not save others by their righteousness. This highlights the biblical principle that each person is accountable for their own relationship with God and cannot rely on the righteousness of others for salvation.

by their righteousness
Righteousness (צְדָקָה, tzedakah) in the Hebrew context involves living in accordance with God's laws and maintaining a faithful relationship with Him. The verse underscores that it is this personal righteousness that determines one's deliverance, not familial or communal ties.

declares the Lord GOD
This phrase affirms the authority and sovereignty of God in making this declaration. The use of "Lord GOD" (אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה, Adonai Yahweh) emphasizes His ultimate authority and the certainty of His words. It serves as a reminder of God's just nature and His right to judge His creation.

If I send wild beasts through the land
This phrase begins with the conditional "If," indicating a hypothetical situation that God is presenting to Ezekiel. The Hebrew word used here is "אִם" (im), which often introduces a divine warning or potential judgment. The phrase "send wild beasts" reflects a common biblical motif where God uses nature as an instrument of judgment. In the ancient Near East, wild beasts were a real and present danger, symbolizing chaos and divine retribution. The "land" refers to the territory of Israel, emphasizing that God's judgment is not limited to foreign nations but can also be directed at His own people when they stray from His commandments.

and they bereave it
The term "bereave" comes from the Hebrew root "שָׁכַל" (shakal), which means to make childless or to cause loss. This word conveys a deep sense of loss and mourning, often associated with the death of children or loved ones. In this context, it suggests that the presence of wild beasts would lead to a significant loss of life and security, stripping the land of its inhabitants and causing profound grief. This imagery underscores the severity of God's judgment and the consequences of Israel's unfaithfulness.

so that it becomes desolate
The word "desolate" is translated from the Hebrew "שָׁמֵם" (shamem), which means to be deserted or laid waste. This term is frequently used in the prophetic literature to describe the aftermath of divine judgment, where once-thriving areas become barren and uninhabitable. The desolation serves as a stark reminder of the consequences of sin and the withdrawal of God's protective presence. Historically, desolation was a visible sign of divine displeasure, intended to lead the people to repentance and restoration.

and no man may pass through because of the beasts
This phrase highlights the complete transformation of the land due to the presence of wild beasts. The inability for "man" to "pass through" indicates a breakdown of normal life and commerce, as travel and communication become impossible. The Hebrew word for "man" here is "אָדָם" (adam), representing humanity in general. The phrase "because of the beasts" emphasizes the direct cause of this desolation, pointing to the wild animals as agents of God's judgment. This scenario serves as a powerful warning to the people of Israel about the consequences of their disobedience and the seriousness with which God views their covenant relationship.

as surely as I live
This phrase is a solemn oath, underscoring the certainty and seriousness of God's declaration. In Hebrew, the phrase is "חי אני" (chai ani), which translates to "I live." This expression is used frequently in the Old Testament to affirm the truthfulness of God's words. It emphasizes God's eternal nature and His unchanging character. The use of an oath by God Himself highlights the gravity of the situation being addressed.

declares the Lord GOD
The Hebrew for "Lord GOD" is "אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה" (Adonai Yahweh), a combination that stresses both the sovereignty and the covenantal relationship of God with His people. "Adonai" signifies master or ruler, while "Yahweh" is the personal name of God, often associated with His faithfulness and mercy. This declaration is not just a statement but a divine proclamation, carrying the full authority of the Creator.

even if these three men
The reference to "these three men" is to Noah, Daniel, and Job, who are mentioned earlier in the chapter. These individuals are exemplars of righteousness and faithfulness in the Hebrew Scriptures. Their mention serves to illustrate the point that even the most righteous individuals cannot intercede for a sinful nation when God has decreed judgment. This highlights the personal responsibility each person has before God.

were in it
The phrase "were in it" refers to the presence of these righteous men within a city or nation facing divine judgment. The implication is that their presence alone would not be sufficient to avert God's judgment. This underscores the severity of the people's sin and the inevitability of divine justice when a society turns away from God.

they could deliver only themselves
This part of the verse emphasizes individual accountability. The Hebrew word for "deliver" is "נצל" (natsal), which means to rescue or save. The notion here is that personal righteousness is not transferable; each person is responsible for their own relationship with God. This serves as a sobering reminder of the importance of personal faith and obedience.

by their righteousness
The term "righteousness" in Hebrew is "צְדָקָה" (tsedaqah), which refers to justice, rightness, or moral integrity. In the context of the Old Testament, righteousness is often associated with living in accordance with God's laws and commands. This phrase highlights that it is not mere association with the righteous that saves, but one's own adherence to God's standards. It calls believers to pursue a life of holiness and integrity, reflecting God's character in their actions.

Or if I bring a sword against that land
The phrase "Or if I bring a sword" signifies divine judgment and intervention. In the Hebrew context, the word for "sword" (חֶרֶב, chereb) often symbolizes war, destruction, or divine retribution. Historically, the sword was a common instrument of warfare and a symbol of power and authority. In the biblical narrative, God uses the sword as a metaphor for judgment, indicating that He has the authority to bring about justice and correction. This phrase reminds us of the sovereignty of God over nations and His ability to execute judgment according to His righteous standards.

against that land
The term "that land" refers specifically to the land of Israel, but it can also be understood more broadly as any nation or people under God's scrutiny. In the historical context of Ezekiel, Israel was often the subject of divine judgment due to its disobedience and idolatry. The land is not just a physical territory but represents the people and their covenant relationship with God. This phrase underscores the idea that no nation is exempt from God's righteous judgment and that His moral laws apply universally. It serves as a call for nations to align themselves with God's will to avoid the consequences of divine judgment.

and say, ‘Let a sword pass through the land,’
The command "Let a sword pass through the land" is a vivid depiction of impending judgment. The Hebrew verb used here implies permission or allowance, indicating that God is not the direct cause of violence but permits it as a consequence of the people's actions. This reflects the biblical principle of sowing and reaping, where nations face the repercussions of their collective sin. The imagery of a sword passing through the land evokes a sense of thorough and unavoidable judgment, emphasizing the seriousness of turning away from God's commandments. It serves as a warning to heed God's word and live in accordance with His statutes to avoid such dire consequences.

and I kill its men and their animals
The phrase "and I kill its men and their animals" highlights the totality of the judgment. In ancient times, the loss of men and animals would signify not only a military defeat but also economic and societal collapse. Men represented the strength and defense of a nation, while animals were crucial for agriculture and sustenance. This comprehensive judgment indicates that sin affects all aspects of life, and God's justice is thorough. It serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of sin and the importance of repentance and obedience to God's commands. The inclusion of animals in the judgment also reflects the interconnectedness of creation and the far-reaching impact of human sinfulness.

as surely as I live
This phrase is a solemn oath, underscoring the certainty and seriousness of God's declaration. In Hebrew, the phrase is "חי אני" (chai ani), which translates to "I live." This expression is often used by God in the Old Testament to affirm the truth of His words, emphasizing His eternal and unchanging nature. It serves as a reminder of God's sovereignty and the absolute reliability of His promises and judgments.

declares the Lord GOD
The Hebrew for "Lord GOD" is "אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה" (Adonai Yahweh), a combination that highlights both the authority and the covenantal relationship of God with His people. "Adonai" signifies God's lordship and mastery, while "Yahweh" is His personal, covenant name, revealing His faithfulness and eternal presence. This declaration assures the reader of the divine origin and authority of the message.

even if these three men
The reference to "these three men" points back to the context of the chapter, where Noah, Daniel, and Job are mentioned as paragons of righteousness. These individuals are renowned for their faithfulness and integrity in the face of adversity. Their mention serves to illustrate the point that even the most righteous individuals cannot intercede for a sinful nation beyond God's determined judgment.

were in it
The phrase "were in it" refers to the presence of these righteous men within a city or nation facing divine judgment. The implication is that their presence alone would not be sufficient to avert God's wrath. This underscores the personal responsibility of each individual before God and the limits of intercessory righteousness.

they could not deliver
The Hebrew root for "deliver" is "נצל" (natsal), meaning to rescue or save. This highlights the theme of personal accountability and the insufficiency of relying solely on the righteousness of others for salvation. It emphasizes that each person must seek their own relationship with God and cannot depend on the merit of others for deliverance from judgment.

neither sons nor daughters
This phrase emphasizes the extent of the judgment and the principle of individual responsibility. In ancient Near Eastern culture, family ties were of utmost importance, and the well-being of one's children was a primary concern. The statement that even sons and daughters would not be delivered underscores the severity of the judgment and the necessity for each person to stand on their own before God.

They alone would be saved
The emphasis on "they alone" reiterates the personal nature of salvation. It reflects the biblical principle that righteousness and salvation are individual matters, not transferable or inheritable. This serves as a call to personal faith and repentance, highlighting the need for each person to seek God earnestly.

but the land would be desolate
The desolation of the land signifies the comprehensive nature of God's judgment. In the biblical context, the land often represents the blessings and promises of God to His people. Its desolation is a stark reminder of the consequences of sin and rebellion against God. This serves as a sobering warning of the seriousness of turning away from God's ways and the inevitable result of such actions.

Or if I send a plague into that land
The phrase "Or if I send a plague" indicates a conditional statement, emphasizing God's sovereign control over nature and history. The Hebrew word for "plague" is "דֶּבֶר" (deber), which often refers to pestilence or disease sent as divine judgment. Historically, plagues were seen as manifestations of divine displeasure, and in the context of ancient Israel, they were reminders of the covenantal relationship between God and His people. The phrase "into that land" specifies the target of this divine action, underscoring the idea that God's judgments are purposeful and directed.

and pour out My wrath upon it in bloodshed
The imagery of "pour out My wrath" is vivid, suggesting an overwhelming and deliberate act of divine judgment. The Hebrew root for "wrath" is "חֵמָה" (chemah), which conveys intense anger or fury. This wrath is "poured out...in bloodshed," indicating a violent and severe consequence. Bloodshed, or "דָּם" (dam) in Hebrew, often symbolizes the ultimate penalty for sin, reflecting the seriousness of turning away from God's commands. This phrase serves as a stark warning of the consequences of persistent disobedience.

to cut off from it both man and beast
The phrase "to cut off" translates the Hebrew "כָּרַת" (karat), which means to sever or destroy. This action affects "both man and beast," highlighting the comprehensive nature of divine judgment. In the ancient Near Eastern context, the destruction of both human and animal life would signify a complete devastation of the land, affecting its economy, sustenance, and social structure. This serves as a sobering reminder of the interconnectedness of creation and the far-reaching impact of sin.

as surely as I live
This phrase is a solemn oath, underscoring the certainty and seriousness of God's declaration. In Hebrew, "חי אני" (chai ani) is a divine affirmation of God's eternal existence and unchanging nature. It emphasizes the truth and reliability of His words, reminding us that God's promises and judgments are as certain as His own existence.

declares the Lord GOD
The Hebrew term "נְאֻם אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה" (ne'um Adonai YHWH) is a formal proclamation from God, highlighting His supreme authority. This phrase assures us that the message is not from a human prophet but directly from the sovereign Creator, reinforcing the weight and divine origin of the prophecy.

even if Noah, Daniel, and Job were in it
These three men are exemplars of righteousness and faithfulness in the Hebrew Scriptures. Noah, known for his obedience and faith during the flood (Genesis 6-9), Daniel for his unwavering devotion in Babylon (Daniel 1-6), and Job for his perseverance through suffering (Job 1-42). Their mention signifies the highest standard of righteousness, yet even their presence would not avert judgment, illustrating the severity of the situation.

they could deliver neither son nor daughter
This phrase emphasizes personal responsibility and the limits of intercessory righteousness. In the context of ancient Israel, family and community were central, and the idea that even the most righteous individuals could not save their own children underscores the inescapability of divine judgment. It serves as a sobering reminder that each person is accountable for their own relationship with God.

Their righteousness could deliver only themselves
The Hebrew word for righteousness, "צְדָקָה" (tsedaqah), refers to a life lived in accordance with God's standards. This statement highlights the personal nature of salvation and righteousness. It reflects the biblical principle that while the righteous can influence and intercede, ultimately, each individual must stand before God on their own merit. This calls believers to personal holiness and a direct relationship with God, rather than relying on the righteousness of others.

For this is what the Lord GOD says
This phrase establishes the authority and divine origin of the message. The Hebrew term for "Lord GOD" is "Adonai Yahweh," emphasizing God's sovereignty and covenant relationship with Israel. It is a reminder that the words to follow are not merely human opinions but divine declarations, carrying the weight and authority of the Creator Himself.

How much worse will it be when I send against Jerusalem
The phrase "how much worse" indicates a comparison to previous judgments or calamities. It suggests an escalation in severity, underscoring the seriousness of the situation. The historical context here is crucial; Jerusalem, the heart of Israel, is facing divine judgment due to persistent idolatry and rebellion. The phrase "I send" highlights God's active role in the unfolding events, affirming His control over history and His righteous judgment.

My four dreadful judgments
The "four dreadful judgments" refer to specific calamities that God uses as instruments of judgment. In the Hebrew context, the number four often symbolizes completeness or universality. These judgments are comprehensive, affecting all aspects of life. The term "dreadful" conveys the fear and awe these judgments inspire, reflecting their severity and the seriousness of sin.

sword and famine and wild beasts and plague
Each of these judgments has a distinct impact. The "sword" represents war and violence, a common consequence of national sin. "Famine" indicates a breakdown in agricultural productivity, often seen as a direct result of divine displeasure. "Wild beasts" symbolize chaos and the breakdown of societal order, as nature itself turns hostile. "Plague" suggests disease and pestilence, a frequent tool of divine judgment in the ancient world. Together, these judgments cover a range of afflictions, demonstrating the totality of God's response to sin.

to cut off man and beast from it!
The phrase "to cut off" implies a decisive and complete removal, indicating the severity of the judgment. The inclusion of both "man and beast" highlights the comprehensive nature of the punishment, affecting all living creatures within Jerusalem. This reflects the interconnectedness of creation and the far-reaching consequences of human sin. The historical and scriptural context reminds us of the covenant relationship between God and His people, where blessings and curses are contingent upon obedience and faithfulness.

Yet, behold
The phrase "Yet, behold" serves as a divine interruption, a call to attention. In Hebrew, the word "behold" is often translated from "hinneh," which is used to draw the listener's focus to something significant. It is a reminder that despite the impending judgment, God’s sovereign plan includes mercy and hope. This phrase encourages believers to remain vigilant and expectant of God's unfolding purposes, even amidst trials.

some survivors will be left in it
The term "survivors" in Hebrew is "peleitah," which refers to a remnant that escapes destruction. This concept of a remnant is a recurring theme throughout the Bible, symbolizing God's grace and faithfulness. Historically, the remnant represents those who remain faithful to God despite widespread apostasy. It reassures believers that God always preserves a faithful group through which He continues His covenant promises.

sons and daughters
The mention of "sons and daughters" emphasizes the continuity of God's people. In ancient Israel, lineage and heritage were crucial, and the survival of sons and daughters signifies the preservation of the community and its future. This phrase underscores the importance of family and generational faithfulness in God's redemptive plan.

who will be brought out
The phrase "who will be brought out" indicates divine intervention. The Hebrew root "yatsa" means to go out or be brought forth, often used in the context of deliverance. This suggests that the survivors' escape is not by their own strength but by God's providential hand. It is a reminder of God's power to rescue and redeem His people from dire circumstances.

Behold, when they come out to you
Again, the word "behold" is used to draw attention to the significance of the survivors' arrival. The act of "coming out" implies a transition from judgment to restoration. It is a moment of revelation for the exiles, as they witness firsthand the fulfillment of God's promises. This serves as an encouragement to trust in God's timing and His ability to bring about renewal.

and you see their conduct and actions
The "conduct and actions" of the survivors are a testimony to their faith and resilience. In Hebrew, "conduct" (derekh) and "actions" (ma'aseh) reflect one's way of life and deeds. This phrase highlights the transformative power of God's grace, as the remnant's lives become a living witness to His righteousness and justice. It challenges believers to live in a manner that reflects God's character.

you will be consoled regarding the disaster
The promise of being "consoled" speaks to the comfort and hope found in God's redemptive work. The Hebrew word "nacham" means to be comforted or to repent. This consolation is not merely emotional relief but a profound understanding of God's purposes in judgment. It reassures believers that God's discipline is ultimately for their good and His glory.

I have brought upon Jerusalem
The phrase "I have brought" underscores God's sovereignty over the events that unfold. It is a reminder that the disaster is not random but part of God's divine plan. The mention of "Jerusalem" signifies the centrality of the city in God's covenant relationship with His people. It serves as a call to repentance and a return to faithfulness, knowing that God is in control.

all that I have brought upon it
The repetition of "I have brought" emphasizes God's active role in the unfolding events. It is a declaration of His authority and justice. This phrase invites believers to trust in God's wisdom and to find peace in His ultimate plan for restoration and redemption. It is a call to faith, knowing that God's purposes will prevail.

They will console you
The Hebrew word for "console" is "נִחֲמוּ" (nichamu), which conveys comfort and solace. In the context of Ezekiel, this consolation comes from witnessing the righteous remnant's conduct. Historically, the Israelites were often consoled by the presence of the faithful few who remained true to God's commandments, serving as a reminder of God's enduring covenant and mercy.

when you see their conduct and actions
The phrase "conduct and actions" refers to the observable behavior of the righteous remnant. The Hebrew words "דַּרְכָּם" (darkam) for "conduct" and "עֲלִילוֹתָם" (alilotam) for "actions" emphasize the importance of living out one's faith. In the historical context of the Babylonian exile, the conduct of the faithful served as a testimony to God's justice and righteousness, providing hope and a model for others to follow.

for you will know
The Hebrew word "יָדַעְתֶּם" (yada'tem) means "to know" or "to perceive." This knowledge is not merely intellectual but experiential, as the people of Israel would come to understand God's purposes through the unfolding of events. This phrase underscores the biblical theme that true knowledge of God often comes through witnessing His actions in history.

that it was not without cause
The phrase "not without cause" translates the Hebrew "לֹא חִנָּם" (lo hinnam), indicating that God's actions are purposeful and just. This reassures the Israelites that the hardships they face are not arbitrary but are part of God's divine plan. Historically, this reflects the biblical principle that God's judgments are always righteous and serve a greater purpose, often leading to repentance and restoration.

that I have done all that I have done in it
The repetition of "I have done" emphasizes God's sovereignty and active role in the events concerning Israel. The Hebrew "עָשִׂיתִי" (asiti) highlights God's direct involvement in the affairs of nations. This serves as a reminder that God is not distant but is intimately involved in the lives of His people, guiding history according to His will.

declares the Lord GOD
The phrase "declares the Lord GOD" is a translation of the Hebrew "נְאֻם אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה" (ne'um Adonai YHWH). This is a solemn affirmation of God's authority and the certainty of His words. In the prophetic literature, such declarations underscore the reliability and truth of God's promises and judgments. It reassures the faithful that despite current circumstances, God's ultimate plan is for their good and His glory.