user
r
Bad Progr am !
Bad Program!
Bad Program !
The dreaded error
message is
terrific
Christmas games!
Line up the Christmas boxes
Kelp Santa sort the presents
Match the Yuletide pictures
Voi. 2 No. 3 December 1904 Cl
Programs that grow
fay themselves . . ,
using interrupts , ♦ .
two-dimensional
. . . and lots, lots more
M
uuuuoiui i icu oi yic... ^
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CONTENTS
News
All that's new in the
expanding world of
the Electron, □
Beginners
More DIM views, this
time of two- Q
dimensional arrays. 0
Notebook
A simple program, jg
simply explained. 1 £
VoL 2 No. 3 December 1984
electron
W 7
Show
time
Your invitation
to what
promises to
be our biggest
show ever.
13
Christmas
Snap
Our seasonal version
of the traditional e
game. ' °
Autodata
mat Howto make your
programs grow and
grow. 1 g
user
JOfs$,
W?uSf,
Sound
Article
e" 3nd Speeial 22
Scrapbook
S?™" Users share
their short, $irnpj e ,
rurp rounnac! 26
Christmas
Box
9arne 01
: ti °9‘ c for
two players. gg
37
«ruri p St
, run ro LI tines,
I Software
Surgery
to know
about the latest in
software Irom our
frank reviewers. 29
Bad
Program
How to combat the
dreaded
error message
of them all. y
Competition
s te i,o *=
Wventu^ 5 e * Ce,,ar ”
41
Si»y Santa
Quick wits are needed
ssr-
presents. 45
Mouser
Coordinates and cats
combine for education
and for fun. 48 L
Christmas
Carol
Christmas greetings
combine with Interrupt
driven carols.
Micro
Messages
The pages you write
yourseif. A selection
from our mailbag. 61
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Jo Hut Biding
Advertising Safes
John Snowden
Editor in Chief,
Database Publications
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for a/if of the MrtttJes in this issue *r for
anv at the opinions expressed
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and ancles tor pubHcatton Mslerinl
should be typed or computer-printed, and
ptotorabty ri^yMp-apaeed. Program list-
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Docniwbef 1 &BJ ELECTRON: USER 3
Computer
English
as she is
spoke..
A NEW 04evel English
course from LCL for The
Electron features a talk-
ing computer facility
Micro English con-
sists of 24 programs -on
Electron No 3
in top micro
list - Acorn
A DRAMATIC claim
that the Electron is
now number three in
the list of best selling
homo computers has
come from Acorn,
The company has
also forecast that the
machine will enjoy
bumper Christmas
safes, doubling its
market sham from 7 to
14 per cent.
In all. Acorn predicts
that between \ 50.-000
disc or cassette that c&n
be used as a self* tuition
course or for revision.
A special feature is an
accompanying audio
cassette, controlled by
the Electron and syn-
chronised to 1/1 00th of
a second, enabling the
micro to talk to the
student.
Adhering closely to
the Q-levei exam the
course emphasises the
rules of English and their
application In practice,
with nearly 600 ques-
tions.
The program costs
E24.50 and consists of
either two discs plus
audio cassette, or pro-
gram and audio cas-
settes.
Record show
THE Electron and BBC
Micro User show in
December is on target to
smash all records.
Advance ticket sales
have never been heavier
and almost ISO stands
are booked inside the
20.000 square feet of
London's Mew Horti-
cultural Halt.
With a host of hard-
ware and software firms
competing for attention,
prices are likely to be
keen.
The show will feature
a number of specialist
stands to give Electron
and BBC Micro Fans the
most up to date infor-
mation about their
micros.
And there II be a
staggering range of
software, books,
add-ons. robots, gad-
gets and much more.
Also on hand will be a
team of experts to brief
visitors about the excit-
ing new applications
opening up for micro
buffs - and to help out
with advice on any
problems.
and 200.000 Electrons
will be sold over the
festive season,
"This Is remarkable in
view of the fact we
entered the market in a
slack sales period end
faced a tough battle to
establish ourselves", a
company spokesman
told Ejection User.
The announcement
that the machine is now
at number three caused
a Few eyebrows to be
raised within the
industry.
However a survey of
the High Street retair
giants brought mixed
reaction to the claim.
"As far as we are
concerned it is basically
true", said Martin Cress-
well of W.H. Smiths.
"However one should
appreciate that Sinclair
products fin the first two
positions - and their
sales are way out in
front of the Electrdn.
But of the pack that
is following the Spec-
trum, the Electron is in
the lead followed very
closely by the Com-
modore 64".
Over at Currys, mer-
chandise director
Richard ford adopted a
"wait and see" attitude
when interviewed
"I'll be able to answer
the question as to
whether or not the
Electron is number three
come Boning Day. But I
don't think the com
pany'5 claim may be too
way out.
"But One Thing you
can say for certain is
that Acorn as a com-
pany will be the number
three supplying com-
pany by Christmas"
It was left to David
Gilbert. Dixons market-
ing manager, to pour
cold water on the claim.
"According to Our
sales the Electron is
probably about number
five or six at present", he
said, "for Sinclair,
Amstrad, Commodore
64 and the BBC Micro
are ait ahead of it,
"But it is being
heavily promoted lead-
ing up to Christmas. and
this may substantially
increase the sales fig-
ures for I ha machine.
"Et will be interesting
to see how the Electron
does in fact shape up to
some of the other deals
being offered on the
High Street .
Decsm bar 1904 .ELECTRON USER 5
Boredom breeds a winner
POPULAR new Electron
adventure game The
Magic Sword owes its
exigence ip an eight-
year-old boy's dislike of
text-dominated pro-
grams.
Richard Hollis, of
Frame, Somerset, was
keen io use the com-
puter his family bought
last year i?ui found most
Of the programs rather
dull
So his mother Kristin
and brother Martin,
aged 12, decided to
write a program Richard
would enjoy.
That first attempt at
program writing was
successful and led to
games (hat were even-
tually published in lead-
ing computer mag-
azines, including £7er>
iron User,
The Matgid Sword is
the mother-and-son
team's most ambitious
project to date - an
adventure game For five
io nine-year-olds that is
marketed on cassette by
Database Publications
at CB.95. The pro-
I in Qur picture auth-
ors Kristin and Martin
Hot Its watch Richard
rest The Magic Sword,
gram allows youngsters
to explore a fairy tale
world peopled by
familiar story book
characters and sprinkled
with magic.
A special bonus Is a
free 48 page full colour
book that recounts all
the events leading up to
the start of the adven-
ture.
Kristin Hollis wrote
the book with help from
Martin, who drew the
illustrations, Marlin dev-
ised the game program
based on his mother's
design and graphics.
Mow the pair are
hoping to have more
games published for
Electron users.
After the bomb fell
THE scene 5$ one of total
devastation. People are
desperately hunting for
food and medical sup-
plies while trying to
dodge rampaging mut-
ants an d l he odd # I ood .
And it's all happening
in Accrington.
"In fact, it's what any
visitor might see if ho
visited Accrington on a
Saturday evening . says
computer programmer
Duncan Evans.
"However on this
occasion things are per-
haps a little bit worse
because it has just been
under nuclear attack ".
The srory line is to be
found In a new strategy
game for the Electron
produced by Vampyre
Software of Leeds. Writ-
Making
maths
fun
EDUCATIONAL software
house Applied Systems
Knowledge has laun-
ched the first in a
projected series Of
own-label learning pro-
grams for the Electron.
Number Painter is a
mental arithmetic pro-
gram for children aged
five to 14. aimed at the
home education market.
Costing £8.95 it is an
arcade style game de-
signed to improve
men tel arithmetic ability
in problems involving
addition subtraction,
multiplication and divi-
sion.
Players are chal-
lenged io make a given
number with a self-
imposed time limit using
only (he numbers shown
On the screen.
The numbers are col-
lected by Mr Painter
who must be manoauv-
red up and down ladders
and prevented from fall
ing off. Four different
speeds cope with dif-
ferent dexterity levels —
Mr Plod. Mr Walker, Mr
Swift and Mr Speedy.
Colour plotter
for under £200
DATAFAX. distributor
for Sakata Shokai, Is
bringing out a colour
plotter printer this
month with A4 paper
handling capability for
under £200.
The Sakata SCP-BGQ
is the first new product
to be launched here
since the Japanese firm
appointed Daiafa*
The Electron-
compatible machine
also has a 2 1 Omm
paper roll option and
graphics and listings
versatility.
ten by Duncan Evans, it
is called "Red Sky Over
Accrington".
Mind you Duncan
and his partner Mark
Ulya it readily admit they
have never even been to
Accrington.
"It's just one of those
names lhai lends itself
to things like this"', says
Mark.
The Electron cassette
version of the game ■$
now available et £6,90.
Enter Plus 3 drive
ACORN was unveiling
Its Plus 3 self contained
disc interface and 3 yin
single-sided disc drive
for the Electron at the
Com p ec show in
November,
Also being introduced
were word processing
package View and
spreadsheet program
Viewsheet. formerly
only available to BBC
Micro owners.
An Acorn spokesman
said prices for the new
products had not been
finalised, but View and
Viewshe^t would cost in
the region of £50 each.
a ElECTflON USER B««rnlwr 1 9&4
Shuttle trip
is the prize
SECONDARY school
Children throughout I he
conn try now have (ho
chance to win a five-day
trip to America with an
opportunity to witness a
scheduled shuttle
launch from the J.F
Kennedy Space Centre
in Florida.
The offer is the major
prize «n the first ever
national computer com-
petition for schools -
called "The Cub British
Schools Computer Chal-
lenge" - sponsored by
monitor manufacturers,
Micravitec.
Apert from viewing
the shuttle launch The
rest of the five-day
itinerary for the winning
team of three and their
teacher will include 3
visit to the futuristic
Epcol Centre in Orlando
To get to Cape Cam
avers I con instants will
have to successfully
answer a series of
computer questions To
take them up to the
quarter final stage.
From there they will
have to shine In a
number of computer
casts still to be finalised,
Support for the com-
pany's sponsorship has
been expressed by local
government minister
Kenneth Baker.
A challenge tor
schools of this kind will!
undoubtedly help build
upon the considerable
enthusiasm for the use
of computers in edu-
cation which has dev-
eloped over the last few
veers", said Mr Baker.
The competition is
open to Teams of three
contestants with a
maximum upper ago
limit of 1 6.
Entry forms are to be
distributed shortly for
the start of i he prelimin-
ary rounds in November.
Negotiations are at
present being held for
l he tel evb i ng of the fm al
stages in April or May-
next year.
Stargazing
MASTERMINDS and
stargazers are among
The peopJe Mirrorsoft is
catering for with Its five
new programs
Electron users are
now being offered
Astronomy, developed
in conjunction with the
London Planetarium,
Personality Profile,
adapted from the best
selling book by psy-
chologist Professor
Hans Eysenck, a Weight
Control program in-
troduced by Professor
Justin Jolfe, e Psychic
Ability test developed by
Hans Eysenck and Carl
Serjem and a Master-
mind Quiz and Editor
based on the BBC
series.
Have case,
can travel
NOW you oan take
your Electron any-
whore . . . Jenart
Design, of Bishops
N y m p t o n , South
Molton, Devon, ha*
launched a carrying
case for the machine.
Tha company,
which specialises in
computer cases and
dust covers, is the
brainchild of develop-
ment engineer Bob
Artless.
He set it up shortly
after seeing his son
struggling off to
school with his homo
computer tucked
prvica r lou sly u nd or his
arm.
"I had visions of
him dropping it and
the! would have been
£200 down the
drain", recalls Bob.
"Sol designed a case
for him and it all
started from there”.
The Electron case
costs £10.99, which
includes VAT and
postage, ft can only
be ordered direct
from Jenart Design.
Making
a million
ELECTRON users can
now try iheir hands St
running a software com-
pany rhanks to Mil-
lionaire, just launched
by Int&niivH Software,
Versions are avarl-
, a ble f or t he Elect ron a nd
BBC Micro,
It includes graphics
of your house which
increases in size as your
profits grow.
Players start with
E500 to market a pro-
gram. By careful mar-
keting and maybe the
odd dodgy deal with
Honest Harry you can
move from humble
beginnings to a mil-
lionaire's estate.
But beware - such a
deal could put you on
the wrong side of the
law.
Bird watching
A GAME for Electron users produced in
conjunction with the Royal Society fur the
Protection of Birds has been named
Microdcaler UK Educational Program of the
Year.
Osprey, priced £3,95 from Bourne
Educational Software, encourages interest
in bird watching and wildlife preservation
through a game involving protecting osprey
nests from poachers.
• See review en Page
Qewmbnr 19B4 FLFCTRON USEfl 7
Part 11 of PETE BIBBY's
introduction to programming
Two-dimensional
arrays -gateway
to the database
LAST month wc took a look
at one wei y our Electron can
handle lists of numbers and
names.
We saw that we could use a
line like:
19 DIN icanittBI
to set up 2 1 variables all with
The same name escept lor the
different numbers in the
brackets following It.
These variables were called
elements in an array and the
numbers in the brackets were
called subscripts.
The DIM command in the
line above would set up array
with variables scoresfQ}.
scortift), s cores/' 2.) and so on
up until score si20/. Each of
these variables would initially
have 'the value zero.
We learnt that wo could
also dimension arrays of string
variables, DIM n am&SflQi
setting up an eleven element
array starting al/jameSr’O; and
carrying on until rtemeJ/fO/.
Initially these are set to the
null string - that is, a string
that doesn't coma in anything,
Finally we sew how we
could combine these arrays
and FOR ... NEXT loops to
provide some very useful ways
of handling lists. Using
variables ps Subscripts we
could print out every other
name or mark or display a list
in reverse order.
Lass month's final program.
This month's Program I.
10 m PROGRAM 1
I? m DL& MOSRAP! VIII
30 ESI imelftl, lirfelJ'
10 FOR topofclHS-l TD 3
SB PRINT -Enter tine vi
nutber "itopcfcliss
faS INPUT naaef EtupafsUs
t!
?l PRINT 'Enter
tapofcljss?;' 's iirL *
£0 INPUT (arkttapDkliss
)
S B NUT topofclns
m INPUT -Enter n<jftb«r £
f flaiitiert * position
HI P SINT nmKmltun:
got 'tiirUpDSi ttofl) [' ■
showed how we could set up
two arrays in parallel.
rtamG$(3} and mark(3),
The FOR NEXT loop just
sots up the array. The real
work is done by lines 100 and
I 10.
Line 1 00 asks you to give a
value to The variable poskton.
The nest line uses This variable
to print out elements
nameStpvsirion) and
m<Brk{ppsilionl
You'll n ot Ec e from the a bovs
that we only used one number
to get two pieces of informa-
tion.
if we had dimensioned
another array, such as ag^3k
we could have had the
program prrntlng out the
name, age and mark of the
child in whichever position we
wanted.
We could have had a fourth
or fifth array set up in parallel if
we wished, to hold even more
information.
These parallel arrays, lists
of values and information in an
ordered sequence are a very
simple form of what is known
as a database
They are a way of collecting
information together in an
ordered manner that allows us
to manipulate - or pick and
c boose - the items we want,
using a key or pointer
In the very simple database
of Program | we used one
pointer position to give us two
pieces of information held in
the arrays namelfposiliQn)
and markf position).
No w let's turn our attention
to the situation shown in
Figure I. Hero we have 16
desks in g classroom. Each
desk Is numbered and the
name of ihe child sitting at that
desk is shown Also shown is
the matk the child got in the
.spelling test.
From what's already been
covered, it should be fairly
Obvious that we can use arrays
to hold this information. Take a
look at Program II:
39 SEN FFDGRAN 3!
20 m nMtffifi'
:s m ts \b
■IS PRINT *Jli« of child
i* desk 'j chi t if
SB INPUT naiel Child!
£9 NEIT child
70 PRINT *Y*u‘v« r,o
tp in ordered 1 j it “''af n
§of a in the im> niielf].”
Here the Siring variable
nam#$0. dimensioned in line
20, is used to hold the name of
each child. The array uses the
desk number as the pointer
When you've run the
program, if you wan l to know
the name of the child sitting at
desk 1 1. fust enter thy direct
command:
PR ENT nuetim
and the answer should be
REG. Similarly.
PRINT naielffe)
will give IVY
Using techniques we learnt
last month, we could have the
Electron print out the names of
each child at each desk in
order or reverse order, or avon
every other child.
We could also use an array
to store all The children's
marks, as shown m Program
fit:
:l m MOHAN HI
20 Skill Mark tl^:
:b for child-: T3 \t
40 PRINT ■«4rl q? Child
it desk s , 'Child
r A INPUT lartEcMid 1
hi NEIT cM Id
70 PRINT *T|wjvi na* set
g; an ordered list - ‘*of t
arkl in the array lirHf."
Here the array matkfi holds
the results of the spelling lest
If you want to know the mark
Eileen got, just find her desk
number and tell the Electron
to:
PRINT lark 114!
end you should gel the result
15
All right, you've run
Program II and then Program
111 and now we have two
ordered lists. Lei's use them to
tell us the name and mark of
the child in desk 3
PRINT sari. (31
should give you the answer 1 2
but. alas:
PRINT nuefti!
B ELECTRON USER Dee&mLwr 1RR4
column 1
column 2
column 3
column 4
row 1
1
TOM
TO
2
DICK
B
3
HARRY
12
4
FRED
7
row 2
5
SUE
14
6
DOT
7
7
LI Z
9
&
JO
11
row 3
9
JIM
TB
10
BILL
16
11
REG
12
12
JOHN
8
row 4
13
SALLY
IB
14
JILL
14
15
IVY
1 t
16
EILEEN
15
Figure i. Beginners cta$$
just gives you the error
mess age "Array " An error
message means that some-
thing has gone wrong.
What's happened is that
your First array 1 was
overwritten when you entered
and ran Progr&m lit. The DIM
steiemeni of line 20 told il to
set aside some memory Specie
for a list of numeric variables
and this it did.
As you hadn't told the
Electron that you wanted to
keep the string array name SO,
il simply used that same bit of
memory space For the new list.
Micros can he very stupid at
times.
Never mind. Program IV
iff se* imm :¥
•a 3E*1 nuteMlU, •U’Ml
si
30 FAR tfesi-1 TO lb
42 PRINT "Enter .iu t
:hi!d it de&l "jiest
50 INPUT lUicftfcsfc)
bl PRINT "Enter 'iwhH
deit3;"s nrL*
10 INPUT lirUdfSk)
30 NETT desk
P0 PRINT "Vcu have finis
fied entering Min'
100 FAR laop - t TO 5
116 IFfP’JT 'Enter nuibir o
f position " j&sition
1:0 PRINT Jisatl 'flEiLtsarJ
get “EMrktjrasition) i" ■
irH. T
130 WnlT loop
will allow you to enter all the
information in Figure I and it
also lets you interrogate the
database five limes.
All this means is that the
second FQfi ... NEXT loop in
I he program allows you to use
the desk numbet as a pointer
to fell you the name and mark
of five children The program is
very similar iq Program l so
making use of the Copy key
shDultf save you a lot of typing
So now we have the inFor
matron displayed visually in
Figure I tucked away inside
our micro Tn the lorm of two
arrays. As you've seen, we can
do a lot with such information
We could add all the marks
together and find the average
or we could find the average of
(he first five desks Or the last
Five.
Try it and see. by varying
the last lines of Program IV.
And don't drive yourself mart
typing in 1 & names each time
Change line 30 to:
33 m desk* t TO 4
and just deal with the first row
while you got the hang of
things.
To sum up the above. Our
use of arrays has structured
the data of Figure t in two lisis
that we can manipulate or use
But what if we wanted to
calculate the average mark of
each row end each column of
desks in rum? We could do it
using [he arrays we have now
but it wouldn't be easy
Or again, whai if we warned
the names and marks for the
kids in the bottom left corner
or the top right? Again we
could do it but it wouldn't be
straightforward.
Having ihe arrays ordered
one after the other might not
be the best way of ordering
things.
Wouldn't it be nice if we
could store the information in
Figure 1 in such a way that we
could refer to each desk not by
one number buT by the row
and (he column of the desk?
Then we could find out about
Eileen by referring so row A.
column 4
Instead of our lists being in
an ordered sequence, they
could he in a sort of grid,
mimicking the classroom
itself.
As you might guess, there is
a way of doing this and it in-
volves our old friend the DIM
statement,
We use it to dimension
what is known as a two-
dimensional array an array
which has two subscripIS-
Don'i worry if you don't follow
this, read on and all will be
ex plained.
Let's create & two-
dimensional array. We do this
with a line like:
20 DIN desKM*
in a program.
You'll notice that it's very
much like the previeu-s DIM 5
we've dealt with but that [here
are now two numbers in the
brackets, separated by
commas- ThaSO two numbers
are what make it a two-
dimensional array.
What happens when the
Electron executes line 20 is
that it sets up 25 variables. All
are shown Fn Figure 1 1,
As you can see the
variables range from deskfO.Q}
and desHO.Ji all [he way to
deskf4,3i and deskt4 r 4i, The
DIM statement bas r as before,
sot up a scries of variables
with the same name stem but
with varying subscripts.
The difference is lhai in a
two-dimensional array we
have two subscripts In ihe
brackens of an array element.
If you look al Figure I I you'll
see that we've sei up 25
variables and a closer look will
Figure it: A two-dimensionaf array
Oecembor 193* ELECTRON URFR 9
From Page 9
show that each variable has its
own unique pair of subscripts.
You might also notice that
the variables seem 10 fall
naturally into ordered series.
On« example is;
desk 12,11
dnHZii)
desk C2t?l
desU2J)
HesM2»l]
Looking et Figure N, they all
seem to fall into one column.
Notice that the first subscript
in each variable, 2, slays the
same, while ihe second sub-
script goes from O to 4.
Anyone who Thinks of
nested FOR NEXT loops
here goes to the top of the
class
Again, looking at Figure N
you might pick out a row
formed by <he variables;
UtsktHJ)
frit 11.3)
desk (2.3 :■
desk 13,3)
JesbUJ)
By now you might be
Seeing why It's called a two-
dimensional array. If you were
so inclined, you could name
any of the elements of ihe
array as deskfxy) where x and
Y are variables.
When x is 2 and y is three,
then the element we are
naming is dg$k(2 f 3),
Of course, if we called the
subscript variables column
and row, any element of the
array could be reftered to as
desktcofumfi'i-Qwf. Or. equally
as well, d$ jr kiro w.colu mn }
Taking the latter case, rf, in
t he course of a program ,ro iv is
4 and ro/ymn is 2, then ihe
element dOskfrow.cofumn) is
desk (4, 2).
Looking at Figure 11 agriin,
you'll sea that Ef you Ignore all
the elements that have a zero
in them - effectively, ihe first
row and column- what's left is
very much like a map of the
classroom in Figure I.
In fact we can use our two-
dimensional array to hold the
desk numbers, the array
mimicking ihe classroom.
Of course, we' vo done this
before in the one-dimensional
arrays we learnt about at first.
Tha difference is that this
lime we can get at the infor-
mation raw by row, or column
by column or, oven any com-
bi ns lion of the two.
Prog ram V sh g-ws this I n ac-
tion.
Une 2d dimensions a two-
dime nsipnal array while the
nested FOR NEXT loops
work their way around the
class. If you can t follow that,
work ir out on a piece of paper.
While column is 1 row
goes from 1 id 4 with the
inputs being stored in the
variables de^kfl f t h lo
d?skf4, 1 ).
Once the program has built
up the array it enters another
series of FOR NEXT loops.
These print out tho values of
deskfrow.columnl, but they do
It selectively,
The variable row only has
values 1 and 3 - look at the
STEP while column cycles
from 1 to- 4 for each of these
two values
The result Is iha-t only ihe
desk numbers tor the boys are
primed out. Can you alter ihe
program so that it prints out
tbs girl's desk numbers?
As you can see from the
above, we've used an array
with two subscripts to hold in-
formation, The fact that ii has
two subscripts mean 5 l ha t we
can do more things with it ihgn
with an ordinary array.
We can use FOR . . NEXT
loops lo deal with whole rows
!B RES PROGRAM V
20 m dffsHM
If FOR £&luin=l ?0 4
40 FQft roN'l ID 4
51 PR ENT "Enter the nu*t
er of the dest in ra* ViJ"
i" 1 bclum 'jcoltun
60 INPUT tfuHr o*,£o]u*n
)
71 NEIT roH
SB mr EDluen
PI ELG
IBP PRINT
HI PRINT The boy's tfiit
s are huibereJ;'
Tf FOR rc«=i 70 1 STEP?
170 FOR ca 3 aio=I TO 4
140 PRINT deilt (ron,cDlu«i
I
130 NEXT coltian
liB NETT rax
it keh ?mm VI
20 DIN naietM.IhurkN
,4)*deskE4,4?
3f FOR rowl 70 4
10 FOR colimH ID 4
58 FR [NT "Enter the ni*e
of the child in the desk ;
n ton “ troh; ' , cqluiir Tea
lu«i
60 INPUT ndeef Lrgir.calui
nl
78 PRINT "Enter "niteflr
&n,CGlU*nl* 5 •ark*
50 INPUT wrb I rental inn
I
:0 PRINT 'Enter "juieffr
o^talirtfil 1 s desk number"
100 INPUT dnfclrpH, col uan
I
110 NEXT coEucn
120 ME IT ra*
!30 FOR delay 3 ! TO 200
140 CIS
13 ( C R[N 7
160 PRINT "THE RESULTS ft
2 N THE MIDDLE FOUR E-ESKS:'
170 FOR ron=: TO 3
iffB FOR cd 1 um *2 TD 3
190 PRINT fiiieiErap,cal[ii
a I ’ in desk nuiiier ';desl ir
»i»luin)l a icared 'liifi 1
ron,fs!uifl 3
:C 0 REIT coluif)
:tf NEIT ro»
pr columns at a time.
Nolice that while the ele-
ments of a two-dimensional
(irruy have two su bscri n es . t hat
element only takes one value,
In Program V desklKN held
only the value corresponding
lo desk number one.
Tho second subscript
doesn'i let us hold any more
information, it just allows US to
deal with it better.
You courd use three two-
dimensional arrays to hold the
Whole of the information in
Figure L
Program VJ does this, set-
ting up Ihree two-dimensional
arrays in Une 20 - Then come
the familiar nested loops to
enter all the Inform a lion into
the arrays.
This is much the same as
the previous program, except
that We' re also using a string
array. The interesting point
comes after line 1 5 Q where
we use our faithful nested
loops to pick out and print tho
details of the middle font
desks,
if you can't follow how
that's done, just make up ver-
sions of Figure II using m&rkO
end name${) and you'll see
why the loops have the values
they do.
Finally run Program VN, It
sets up The da ( a ba se as before,
storing the classroom informa-
tion in two iwq-dimensional
arrays.
1 1 then asks you to enter a
fqw and column number and
gives you the informa [ion on
the child who sits at that desk.
10 fitff PROERAH Vfl
70 Difl fl4Htf4,4),*^k 14
ill
70 FOR column TO 4
40 FOR roi=i TO 4
50 READ naMtfrpMitOluan
1 , iirk JrsM.c&luin! 1
68 NETT row
70 NEStT coluin
BBCL5
70 FEINT
•00 INPUT' 'Give ae a rs*
n ciber ' rah
IIS INPUT *Sjvp if i Cfilu
ifc nt;ib#r ' toluH
320 PRINT n««S[ron»CDlu*
flJ" scored "star!; iron, csl us
fl);' Berks'
130 DATA TQH.ll.SUE.H.JI
01 4 E S 1 5ALLV , IE
140 DATA DICK^.DOT, 7,011
L t 14 t JILU4
150 DATA HARRY, 12, LIZ*?. E'
Ee.i?,m,n
163 DATA FRE0«? JOatJflK
N,B t EILEEN,15
As you can see selling up
the database allows you to ask
all sorts of questions about Ihe
class Bui then you've
probably got all sorts of ques-
tions about Program VII itself,
Whai's dll (his DATA and
READ?
Well, the answer to that
CpmeS next month For the
[Ime being, just look on them
as ways to avoid typing in all
those names and marks.
Meanwhile, jus! play
around with a few two-
dimensional arrays, giving
them values and seeing what
you can do with them You'll
find them vety handy.
10 ELECTflDN USEF December 1354
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QUAL-SOFT CbmoiODlfl.; Atjog! ggr previous udven Mr J Canur til Burnslgy fi J "-QTHi<d Dun t :*>< uj what ijev&te Win* at
LEAGUE DtVtStQN QtVE for We BBC B. what do rftfly jsst a-b&ul SOCCER SUPREMO for We £i£CTRQX* Copy -dflUis t>frin®
iv hist They af£ we hmirif »bld art v ELECTRON flamsa when wit \r,*vto Irki months, adten but nerw at Pint ti’neot wnnng wit vu
b*en deiivepi nn thn jirthpiam fo' rou? wimtLs 'iyrutMblv eight lo iwnlva as you re-ad ini*i *™d. ta escape accu-EBSi-gni a I fiJifKtiy?
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ii
99
SOCCER SUPREMO
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***3-0 ,22 MAM, FULL PITCH, FULLMATCH GRAPHICS SIMULATION
42 match season. 2 1 home games, 2 1 away games.
Transfer market (Rush, Rubsun. Hoddlaetc].
4-4-2. 4-3-3 and 4-2-4 team formation,
In match tactical adjustments,
Opposition skills related !0 League record.
Opposition: 21 o) the Currenl 22 DIV t sides
Match injuries: Your physio reports
Team select ion by names (enter initials)
Home/away bias, opposition (etlical ptay
Tactical substitutions
And many more features, but will take a full page advert If yvo are to continue, (That'll he 0. K- Ad. Man).
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12 ELECTRON USER DiCnmbi-r V9fl4
BBC MICRO
New Horticultural Hall ,
Westminster, London SW1
Thursday* December 6,
to Sunday* December 9.
in the
heart of
London
. . . mitfi lots and lots
qf Christmas bargains!
We confidently predict this will be the biggest Show we have ever
organised - with more exhibitors than ever before and with many hundreds
of really worthwhile bargains for a!! our visitors.
Among our exhibitors are all the leading names in I he world of the
BBC Micro and Electron, And I hey are determined to make this a show to
remember, with a whole host of hardware and software bargains.
You']] be able to try and buy some fascinating new games that are
destined to be the top sellers this Christmas - and well into 1985, You’ll be
able co inspect new hardware packages that will make your micro much more
powerful and much more versatile.
And on our Technical Advice Stand you’ll be able to discuss any
problems you may have with experts who know the BBC Micro and
Electron Inside out.
Don’t miss the show inhere all
your questions are answered !
This voucher is worth £1 per he
Reduced prices for
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Entry only £1 pei iludfnl H
bookings are made in
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Publications) and SAE 10;
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Telephone St Albans 34475
quoting: The Electron & BBC
Micro User Show-
Vomsuft announce tidings of great jo\
for both I1RC Microand Fl ecti on owners: eight
brand now programs lor Christmas.
I -mil one makes an ideal stinking 11 1 lor.
They're all available at your local
Veornsoft stockist For the add ress or t< > order
by credit card simph ring 0933 70300.
Or you can send off for our catalogue bv
writing to Acornsoft e/o Vector Marketing.
London Road, Wellingborough. Noitbanls
NN8 2RL,
Altemat i vt ■! y. I lowt *vt t. y o 1 1 a n lid al \va v s take
a chauqe and dropa bnejirt^QU £ An*
to Father Christmas. /I wUKFI Owl" I
Softvnjn* (VtrlhcHRC \(ii , nuinil Hcrtmn.
9.00 Firebu g
A fast moving airade-lvpo game in which you are a fireman, trying to rescue some oil
drums and take them to the safety of a water tank. Your opponent is the firebug who
mng around lighting fires which move slowly towards the drums anil lire extinguishers,
destroying them i f contact is made.
10.00 Maze
A gripping graphics game where you enter a top secret installation with the aim ol steal -
ing secrets from a rival company. 1 he security system, however, has many levels each
consisting of a maze of corridors patrolled by armed robot guards. Complete with full
colour 3-D graphics, sound effects and a high score table.
12.00 Elite
A superb 3-dimensional graphics game that's light years ahead of any other. You are
a space trader who roams the universe, making yourlivingfrom buyingand selling cargo
in y our Cobra space craft On your tray els, y ou will encou nter aggressors who are eager
to put an end to your dealings. Be yvamed, only the fittest yvill survive.
1.00 Crazy Tracer
A crazy adventure in which you guide a paint roller round the edge of a maze of
rectangles, while avoiding the monsters which are trying to stop you by crushing the
roller. Beware - as the game progresses, so the number of monsters chasi ng y ou
yvill increase.
3.00 Go
'Go' is a board game for two players which originated i n China 3000 years ago and is noyv
more popular than Chess in the far East It requires strategic insight, intuition and a
strong, calculating mind. If you wish, you can also challenge the computer at differing
degrees of difficulty. A velly good game indeed.
4.00 Watch Your Uei» ht
At last- a weight-loss program designed especially for you. \\ ith it your computer
becomes an expert wholly conversant with and sympathetic to your needs, and will
help you choose an appropriate and individual weight-loss plan. The program also
includes a calorie counter and a series of apposite menu suggestions to help stimulate
your imagination when you just can t think what to eat.
5.00 The Complete Cocktail Maker
\\ ith everything from a Black Russian to a Betsy Ross- tliis program contains data
sufficient to concoct a staggering 320 di fferent cocktails.
6.00 Paul Daniels" Ma i pc Show
Stun and amaze your friends with vour astound ing feats of magic. This program contains
ten tricks to be performed by or with vour BBC Micro/ Electron- Hurry though - ifs
bound to disappear fast.
Full Us ting starts on Page 55
CHRISTMAS
\SW4A
CHRISTMAS Snap is Phil
Tayler's Electron version of
the old card game for young
children.
A multicoloured Christ
mas object, such as a tree,
appears on the left of the
screen and a series of
similar objects appear one
after the other on the right.
Vuur job is to tell the
Electron when the colours
of the objects match exac-
tly. Only you don't say
"Snap ' - you press the
space bar.
If you're wrong you'll
get a short beep. If you're
right . well play the game
Hnd find out.
Happy Christmas.
Happy Christmas. Snap!
10 ELECTRON pstn tUhtomber 1 9B4
ELECTRON JOYSTICK INTERFACE /
Electron users! This is the add-on everyone wants, lip IP* new
Electron switched joystick Interface from First Byte - avalfaclenaw
with free conversion Ispe that vastly extends your game range right away.
The interlace operates with ell Atari style' 9-pin Joysticks, and lie many
advanced design lealuros put It way omi in front for quality and reliability,
Thai's why. to dale 15 major soltww houses are already bringing out
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A GENUINE FIRST EfTE
ADD-ON
Let your
programs
add their
own data
statements
£ Cali PflOedetiTwgidil
Li*? 411 VfliinB'ei
to be uMrl and plfcq
them In- B LOCAL stafifma-n-l
Chflck for Invalidity
erf ihn- wtxd ;o be pieced
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Figure t: Flow diagram
MANY of tha programs I
uge in my school have a
series of data statements in
them, containing infor-
mation like word lists,
vocabulary, names and
questions and answers.
Frequently these need to be
extended. However the users -
both teachers and pupils -
may not be abie to stop a
program and add their own
da t3 statements. So it was
necessary to develop a way
whereby a program could add
data statements to itself.
Autodata contains two
procedures which car be used
10 do this.
If you want a copy of
Autodata and don't feel up to
typing it In yourself then send
off for this month's Electron
User tape (see Page 441.
But if you wish so see how
your Electron remembers pro-
grams and organises its
memory then switch on and
we ll begin,
Enter lino 70 - making sure
that the character after OLD,
RENUMBER *FX210,1 and
LIST is a 'T
70 *iceyioold:msenu« 0 er:n
INiFmiUsHUSnN
Now run it and press Break.
If your semen displays:
Acorn Electron
BASIC
>
and nothing else, then go to
the beginning and start agjin
for go to (he bottom of the
class and laarn to read).
Line 70 programs the Break
key. It tells the computer what
to do 'after someone has
pressed Break.
OLD causes the computer
to ro-remembor the program
in memory.
RENUMBER renumbers
the program from line 10 in
steps of 10 (the default
values). After pressing Break
check that the computer has
not "failed" to renumher.
if a Tailed at" massage
appears then that line has a
GOTO. GOSUB, ON GOTO or
ON GOSUB instruction which
needs changing Of course,
none of my friends uses
GOTOs or GOSUBs so ii does
not apply to them*
f find the renumber instruc-
tion useful when developing
programs. If I need to insert a
lot of extra lines then pressing
Break makes room for more
*FX21Q,1 is for the benefit
of your family' As I do most of
my programming in bed and in
the early hours the place is
rather quiet. It does not matter
how careful 1 am - I'm bound
to accidently press the Copy
key causing an offensive beep.
So *FX2T0. 1 (which cuts off
all sound output) is my
5 a I va lion.
By the way. it else stops the
sound output of most arcade
type gamers $0 ov$n those
don't cause grievous'
annoyance to the rest of the
world
Ctrl * N sets the page mode
on fsee VDU14). This moans
the automatic scrolling of the
screen is stopped and the
computer waits until Shift is
pressed, which reveals an-
other page of printing. Press-
ing Escape enables the user to
edit the program.
After Break h3S been
pressed and the instructions
given so far are completed the
computer lists the program
one screenful at a time.
When the development of a
program is finished I usually
change the line to:
70 *KE MOULD Mlhffl IN
Ef Break is pressed, either
accidently or on purpose, the
program reruns itself from the
beginning. Pressing Ctrl +
Break [hen typing 0LD+-
Return allows a programmer
access to the program.
Back to the problem in hand
- the development of a routine
that wilt allow the program to
add data statements to itseff.
The first step is to draw a
flow diagram which shows the
algorithm of the proposed
program. That should contain
all the facilities required in the
final program and the precise
order of action. See Figure I.
AH the action will be
contained in a procedure
called PflOCdatal l
However to keep the struc-
ture of that procedure simple it
was necessary to C^N frCm
within PRQCdatat ) another
procedure called PFtOC-
newlirief h
Now the algorithm of the
program has been set out it is
necessary to convert this into
statements In Basic.
Line 2 10 lists all the
ts ELECTRON USER Pfwmtwr t934
Memory location Value
PAGE (E003
PAGE + 1 {EOM
PAGE +2 (EQ2)
PAGE 4-3 (E03)
(E04J
TOP-2
TOP-1
TOP
13
Low byte of the first line number.
High byte of the first line number.
Length of the first line
'Characters of the first line.
13
Low byte of the second line number.
High byte of the second line number.
Length of the Second line.
■Characters of the second line.
Low byte of the Iasi line number
High byte of the last line number.
Length of the last line.
'Characters of the Iasi line-
13
255
figure ft: Memory map showing
the structure of a Basic program
variables used in the
procedure This is most impor-
tant if it is going to be used in a
variety ol programs.
We do not want to use the
variable and change its
value if it is used In another
part of the program.
By placing it in a LOCAL
statement even if ta$t% Fs used
in the rest of the program this
procedure wFH not change its
value.
Lines 220 to 230 check lor
invalidity in the word to be
added to the data statements.
It is important that the word
does not contain quotation
m&rkg,
If they were inserted in a
data statement an emor would
occur when the statement is
read. All quote marks are
removed and replaced by
apostrophes.
If the word is a null string
Then the process aborts. If the
word is longer than 247
characters then it must abort
because Ft rs not possSbEe to
have a data statement of that
length.
Finally, in this checking
section there is a check for
embedded commas,
If a comma exists in the
word it is necessary to
surround lhe word with quotes
before piecing it in the data
statement. Line 280 does that.
[OREM AUf&DATA
2QREH
30REH rci Elictron User
40REN
StfflEH H.Jofcfi Hoc lUrd
m Eli
70IKE VI CHILD !M»F1210, L !
WEN* I ML. ;H
mmifMMen'A
mmh
USOPfilUT ■ ' -AUTODfiTfl-
UOPRIMT’ J, To add * word
to the HATH state«nt& t
w the *ord then Return* 1
l2WftI«T' '"Press ESCAPE t
q stop the praprai, then t
y&s LIST anrf ftress Return t
o see the nei stateients.
OOlMPUTnordf
14CnOCd«U<nord»
J3G5T0P
Before we can understand
the workings Of the rest of the
procedure it is necessary to
look at the way the computer
remembers a Sasic program in
memory, The Electron User
Guido [Pages 127 to 129)
gives an outline of this.
A Basic program is stored
starting at the value of the
variable PAGE and extending
through to the value of the
variable TOP. Type
PRIMT'PAGE and press
fleturn and you will get the
result EOG.
Type PRINT ’TOP then
press Return. If you have no
program in memory the value
printed Will be EQ2,
The difference between the
two values indicates the siie of
the program. The longer the
program the higher the value
of TOP. Type in another line
and see.
Type in lines 80, 490 and
500 of the m sin progr a m. Line
BO sets the function key so
that if St is pressed PROCquery
Is called
PRQCquery is contained in
lines 490 and 500 and
displays the contents of each
location of memory from
PAGE Hhe start of the Basic
pro-graml to TOP Ithe end of
the Basic program!
By pressing function key 1
►
] a OR El end of central icd
till
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SOONEiTtEJfCPROC
This listing is included in
this month'} caxuntlr
taps of for, S*Q Ofdtf
farm jtn JJ,
Dscwnbar 1984 ELECTRON US£h 19
From Page 19
rhe memory can be dispiayed-
Try adding a line to the end of
[he program io see the change
t o th e o utput of the p rocedu re-
tf you analyse the result you
may be able to see The pat-
tern in Figure II.
To alFo-w us to peek inside
the memory of the computer
land to change the content of
the memory} there are indirec-
tion operators. Pages 129 and
130 of the Electron User
Guide describe their use.
We will be concerned with
the use Of "query" - the byle
Indirection operator
To peek at the contents of a
location, say &E0Q type
PRINT 7&E00 and press
Return The number printed
will be between 0 and 2 5S
inclusive,
To change the value at a
particular location, say &E0Q
type ? & £00—32 . The value 32
is placed in location Si £00.
Warning f Typing
? &EQO-32 will cause the
computer to state bad Pro-
gram if an attempt to LIST.
RUN or SAVE it is made.
Line 5 300 and 310 search
the memory of the computer
starting a i just below TOR and
working downwards until the
next end of line character is
mat.
Line 3 10 not only checks it
is an end of line character 113}
but that it occurs immediately
before the start of the next line.
If the ?llast%+?lest%+3l) is
equal to 13 then the 13
encountered is actually a
character in the middle of the
final line of the program.
The value Jsst% generated
at this point is equal io the end
of the penultimate line of the
program
Line 320 checks lo see if
the Iasi line is a data line. The
key word for a data tine is
represented by CHRS44.
If the las! line is not a data
statement then PR0C-
rtpwlinet i is called to add a
new line to the program.
If (he last line Is a data
statement then line 330
checks that there Is enough
room to add the word to the
end of it. IF there is not then
PFt OCnewlinei I is also called.
it must be noted lhar both
PROCdalaC ) and RROC-
newiine[ I do not end with
EN0PRO0 but with END
This is necessary because
after we have artificially
extended the last line or added
a new line the computer needs
to qo through |he action of
OLD RUN or SAVE before
attempting any processing,
That is the reason for lines 1 90
and ZOO of the procedure
PRQCdara{ l.
Line ISO sets up the
function key S so that when il
is pressed it generates
CHRS12 then RUN then
CHHS 1 3 ifor example Returnl.
Line 2 00 puts up The
prompt 'Press FUNCSnow 1 "
and waits until CHR$12 is
generated from the keyboard,
There is no significance in
the number 1 2 other than that
it Is not possible to enter that
value by accidently pressing
any one key.
By pressing function key 6
not on ly is C H RS 1 2 gen erated
but l he keyboard buffer is also
loaded with RUN-*- Return. So,
when the program is ENDed
and the cursor appears, the
program si arts again. On the
flow diagram this is referred to
as 'auto RUN"
Lines 340 to 360 and lines
390 to 470 poke the data
statements into the correct
memory locations,
Lines 390 to 410 calculate
the value of the next line
number for (he new data
statement. It is 10 above the
Fast line number.
These two procedures can
now bo incorporated into any
Basic program which requires
the addition of new data
statements. Simply typing
PROCdalaf'Electfon User"}-
Return will add that phrase to
the Iasi line, if ft is a data
statement, or add a new line to
the program with that phrase
as data.
B6 c
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Part III of NIGEL PETERS' series on making
the most of the Electron's sound channels
Sound
advice
on how
to jump
the
queue
LAST time we talked about using the SOUND
command to write music and I left you with a simple
tune-writing program.
Bv now you should be able to understand what the sound
commands are doing when you tun Program I, Lines 20, 40 and 60
just use SOU WO to play three notes, one after the other. Lines 30.
50 and 70 pul the messages on the screen Nothing difficult there.
Try funning it again and see if you notice anything odd about the
messages, They seem out of step with the notes, don't they?
We know the Electron
executes the program lines
one after the other in
numerical order. Looking fh
the listing would lead us to
suspect that line 20 would
make a noise,, Ihen the
message "Sound 1" would
appear on the screen, fulfilling
linn 30.
Next the Electron would
play (he note orde rad in line 40
and (hen go on to print the
message of tine 50.. "Sound
r
Finally line 60" s SOUND
command would be obeyed
and the message "Sound 3"
would come up on the screen,
Thet's what we might
expect - but it's not what
happens. All the messages
appear on the screen while the
first note is playing, They stay
there stubbornly while the
second and third notes are
sounded.
Hun Program I again and
you'll see what I mean. Some
parts of the program are being
obeyed before others,
It Tooks like the Electron has
executed lines 20 and 30, then
lines 50 and 70 before going
back IP process 40 and 60
What's happened is the
result of (he way The Electron's
Operating System I OS) is
designed. As you know. Elec-
tron Sasic is very, very fast. It
can whip through a simple
Basic program like a dose of
salts.
However when you come to
the SOUND command we're
operating pn a different time
Scale, We don’t warn the
sound over and done with in a
fraction of a second. We'd
never hear it I
We want the note to last for
however long we've sel the
duration parameter.
The problem now arises, do
we hold up the program while
the note plays? Jf we've set
duration to 40. do we really
want our masterpiece to grind
is
m pr-!35?m :
:&
so m
!,-!!, 5MB
30
PRINT
'Soucd r
«
mi
L-IS^UQ
id
pm*
’Sauftd 2"
hi
SOUND
I, - 15 , 01 , 1 a
T E
PRINT
‘Saund Z*
to a halt for two seconds while
the Electron makes a noise?
Whai would you feel about
a games program that stopped
for a few seconds every time it
made a sound ?
One way round this would
be for the Electron to pass
every SOUND command it
came across over to e special
part of the micro- that dealt
only with producing noises.
Then it could get on with the
program while the sound
generator made ibe sound-
lf. as It w h 5 working its way
through the program, it came
across another SOUND com-
mand it would pass the
handling of this to the sound
generator and carry on.
This Is what happened in
Program I. The Electron go! to
line 20 and delegated produc-
ing cha noise to ihe sound
generator. It was then free to
get on with line 30.
Coming to line 40 it found
another SOUND commend
which it Immediately passed
to the sound generator and
went on to line 50. printing the
required message.
Line 60 was passed over to
the sound producing pari of
the micro and line ?0 was
obeyed, displaying the final
message.
As each sound has to last
for its full duration - in this
case one second - the
messages are printed before
the sounds get a chance to
finish playing.
It doesn't lake your Electron
22 ELECTRON U$6R DoconnCtr 1 &B<4
Sounding j
“ "1
Queue
Waiting
Sound
T
f
f
f ;
r
Sound
2
Sound
3
Sound
4
Sound
5
Sound
&
Sound
7
i
1 a, Queue full, sound waiting, program hangs
Sound
i
1
\
Sound
Sound
Sound
Sound
Sound
2
1
3
4
5
&
7
1
1 b. Queue full, no sound waiting
Figure f: How the queue works
throe seconds jusi to prim
three messages on the screen.
The program finishes, but the
sounds keep on sounding long
after.
You tan picture the sounds
as being put in a queue. The
first note is played for as long
as its duration parameter
specifies, then the next note in
the queue, and Chen the one
after that.
Meanwhile the program
itself carries on regardless,
shoving any SOUND com-
mands it gets onto the sound
generator's queue.
It's almost as if the Electron
said to itself: "Ah, here's
another SOUND command, I
don't want to have to wait for
it to play its full length so I'll
put it in the queue and get on
with the next line of the
program".
With this System of queue-
ing sound commands in mind,
have a look at Program If,
:&
SEN PGM RAM U
20
5GTO
1,-15*52*20
70
PRINT
"Sound \ r
*0
SOUND
1.-15*54,20
PRINT
"Sound 2*
D0
SOUND
■0
PPIMT
■Ssuast v
SB
SOUND
! + -I5i-M,20
5 0
PRINT
"Scuitd 4*
100
SDTO
1**15,59,20
110
PRINT
"South! 5"
128
mm
L-15, 72.20
m
PRINT
"Sound 6"
H0
SOUND
1, -15*76.20
150
PS] Ml
"Seufld 7*
Did you notice the slight
hesitation between Sound £
and Sound 7 appearing on
screen?
From what we've learnt
about the sound queue, we
might have expected ail seven
messages to appear while the
sounds sake their turn in the
queue. But this isn't what
happens.
The program merrily dis-
plays the first six messages
while the first sound is playing.
The last message has to wait
for the first note to finish
playing before it appears -
Hence the hesitation.
The explanation lies in the
fact that the sound queue only
has a limited number of places.
In face ii only has places to
score five notes, apart from ihe
one that's playing.
When ii is asked to store yet
another, it accepts it but at a
price. The price is chai the
program halts until the first
note has stopped playing and
the stored sounds can shuffle
up the queue. Figure I shows
this diagremstically.
This is whafs happened in
Program II. The first SOUND
command is obeyed and the
message printed. The sounds
produced by lines 40.. f?G. BO,
100 and 120 are put in the
queue while the messages of
lines BO to 130 ara displayed.
When it comes lo the
SQUN □ command of line 1 40
the Electron tries to put it in
the sound queue 'but finds it
full. The result is that the
program is halted until that
SOUND command can be
processed.
When the first note has
finished playing, the second
note starts to be played while
the Other noies move up one
place in the queue.
This leaves room for the
SOUND command of line 140
to join the queue. When this
happens the queue is no
longer full and the program
carries on and displays the
final message.
Program IN uses a
FOR . . . NEXT loop with loop
control variable noise to
produce 50 sounds on? after
the other. Each sound is a
semitone higher than the
previous one.
Line 40 sees to this by
making the pitch parameter of
the SOUND command equal
to noise muhiplied by four.
10- m FR05RAN HI
28 fuR naise=E 13 58
’0 FEINT *Ntusff Austin
"t flats*
18 mm 1,-15, HMfitoi
ss,:t
50 ffElT noise
Here you can see that after
the first six notes - one
sou ndin g a nd five in t he que ue
- the messages appear at one
second intervals.
This is because the program
has to wait for a space in the
queue before it can print the
massage, Then as soon as it's
done this it runs into the next
line’s SOUND command and
so the program hangs again.
So. from what we've
covered so far, you should see
that the Electron's Q5 has a
queue for storing commands.
The capacity of the queue Is
limited and once it is full any
program running has to wait
uniil a vacancy occurs.
Making programs hang is
jusi one problem caused by
the queue, There is another.
Imagine a game where
you're quite happily zapping
aliens. Each time one bites the
dust you get a satisfying
explosion. These sounds will
go into the sound queue.
Now suppose that you're
zapped tit comes to us all). The
program should make a sad
losing noise but whai happens
If th e sound queue is still f u i I of
explosions?
What we need is a way to
tell (he Electron: "Forget the
note fhaE's playing, ignore the
queue - this is the noise that
comes next",
We do this by fiddling with
the channel para mater of the
SOUND command. Program
IV shows this in action:
:b re« program jv
21 FOR naise‘1 TO 5f
10 PRINT 'Moist nueben
'insist
*0 SOTO U1.-I5, a+n*
Qlst'Zt
!0 HE IT nosse
What's happening is that
we've put &T in front of she
channel parameter in line 40,
This has told the Electron that
this is the noise to make next,
and it's to make it immedi*
ately.
As (he FOR . . . NEXT loop
is producing 50 notes, one
after the other, each note cuts
short the preceding one. Only
(he final note runs for the full
second.
The slightly less frenetic
Program V shows the use of
&1 In front of the channel
parameter. Notice that lines
30 and 50 hold up the
program, wailing (or a key to
ba pressed:
:0 m m$m v
2t SOUND ],- 13,50,200
30 rtit*G£T
+0 SQUMB Ul,-13,re,«
S0 itm-GET
hi 5 BUMS 1,-!!, 58,290
Line 20 produces a sound
which, in the normal course of
things, would last for 10
seconds. As the sound queue
is empty, (he program carries
on to line 30 and waits for you
to press a key. When you do it
gpes on to line 40.
Because line 40 has & t in
from of the SOUND com-
mand's channel parameter,
the Electron immediately plays
►
December T9S4 ELECTRON USER 23
Value
Noise
0
1
High pitch
Middle pitch
2
Low pitch
3
As 1
4
Short periodic
5
Medium periodic
6
Long periodic
7
As 5
Figure ft; The noise channel
From Page 23
this note The first note, if it's
still playing, is cut short.
The program (hen goes on
to ihe nest line which again
holds things up until a key is
pressed. When this happens, it
moves on to the SOUND
command of fine 60 and. if the
note produced by line 40 Is still
playing, puts it in the queue.
So to have a note played
immediately we put &T in
front of its channel parameter,
you'll notice (hat in all the
examples so far I've stuck to e
channel parameter of 1. This
makes sense because the
Electron only has one sound
channel, as opposed to the
noise channel we ll be coming
to later.
However you might
remember I told you that in
order to he compatible with
ihe BBC Micro, the Electron
would also accept channel
parameters of 2 and 3- It will.
bui be careful
On the BBC Micro you have
three channels and all three
can play a note at the same
time, producing chords. On the
Elec Iron, although channel
can be 2 or3, only one note is
played at a lime.
And if you chop and change
channels in an Electron pro-
gram you might not gel the
effects you want. Take a look
at Program VI;
10 m PROGRAM VI
:* souu se.se
70 -ast-SET
40 SEUNE 2,-15, LOME
Notice that when you press
a key in order to saiisfy line 30.
the first note immediately
ends and the second begins.
This is because they are using
different channel parameters,
1 and 2
When the Else l ran comes
across a channel parameter
which is different from the one
it's bean playing notes on. it
Stops using the old channel
immediately.
Any note that is playing is
cut short and the queue
ignored, while the note wilh
the new channel parameter is
played.
The effect is exactly the
same as if you had used the
same channel parameter but
wilh &1 put in front pi It.
Program VII shows this
Each time you press the key.
the np(e that la playing is cut
short because the following
SOUND command is on a
different channel.
12 FP RF"E p Hf! VII
20 sduno
72 w*it*B£T
42 SOUKr 5S,4t
50 naft*GET
St SQUfffl l,*l5'5e,:H
So. you might ask. why
bother using &J at all? Why
not just use a ciffrer em channel
for I he note you want to be
played immediately?
There are two reasons.
Tha first is that h can get
complicated switching chan-
nels all tha time. It's much
easier io debug programs that
use &l
The second is that you
might want to run your
programs on a B0C Micro
sometime. If you've used
different channel parsmeiers
IP give certain notes priority,
you r sou nds wi 1 1 be a bit weird-
The BBC Micro will try to
play both notes el the same
time On different channels.
This isn't always pleasant!
This is also why noises
madu by programs Written (or
the BBC Micro can sound a bit
strange pn the Electron, if they
try to use all three channels a (
the same time, the Electron
interpret this as three notes
one after another
Since the channel par-
ameter is changing, so the
noles cut each other short,
with the odd sounding results.
Finally, what if the channel
parameter is 0? Try Program
VI 1 1 which demonstrates the
various sounds available on
this, the noise channel;
if m PRG£ S A*' VI'I
Zl F3F raised r ? *
72 3BUHE B.-l5 ( noiM ( ±8
'0 SESINC noised
IS NETT itct$e
As you'll have heard, when
l he channel parameter is Q you
get six different noises-
Nodes that with the noise
channel , the pitch parameter is
used in $ rather different way.
It can only have values from 0
to 7. Each value - except 3 and
7 - produces a different kind of
noise. This is shown in Figure
If.
The valuss 3 and 7 are Just
t here for co m pa ti bi i ity with th e
BBC Micro. On the Electron
they just repeat the sounds
produced by pitch parameters
of 1 and S
And that's it for this month,
i'll leave you to experiment
with the various strange
sounds available on the noise
channel. Have tun. Next month
we're going to licit the
ENVELOPE command t
34 ELECTflON USER Pcccmbor 1904
AVAILABLE FOl
By Bog frosi
10
20 ftEflifiBr ftOG FROST#!*
30 NODES
<0 VflU 23 |l»Z| 0 { 0 ;flf
5D REPEAT
AO PRCCCJRCLE [ 640 , 31 2 , 5 Q
70 UKTILG
BO m
« JEFPJMCaffiLECU.fi.C
pS.Li
loo local: j
120 S'S+l
130 C=C*1 : IF C>7C=1
140 6COLS.C
150 J=SflR(ABSffiiR’[I-V)*(
HNI
160 MOVE JM.l
170 0RAUX#J,|
EffO IF rNKEYE-74)
CUI.fiHOEBMtM.fl
m NEXT
200 ENDPROC /
^WWx»w«!W»waTOi
r ' : " '»ii£rr
BACH
SCRAPBOOK contains a selection of nil the short,
si rn pin programs sent In by Qur readers.
This is where we keep a record - a scrapbook would
you believe - of ell the interesting little routines that
don't end up In the Notebook or in Program Probe but
are too good for us net to share.
This month it's very much a sound and graphics
show. Next month who knows? It's up to you.
So if you enjoy messing about with your Electron and
want to share your discoveries with other Electron
users, send them in to us.
John Close c**s Hne faction fas &
fam^r ttecbro* into an
10 REI* BACK
20 m mkn CLOSE
JO REN USE THE FUNCTION
KEYS 1
40 mu
so wd 23 t MiWi
fcU PRSHTTABEl 7 a^‘B A t
70 pfimTiABmaJ ) 1 ^* 5
e now pUfiASi 1
go iKEYl'cdidqi*!!* 1 ^*”
f \o tj(EYi l lCfDqETD#Cbsq
d ”o 0 *KET 3 p iCtCqC^Cf D^DAlib
bItV
DiW
bin 1
lift *^ 4 i ctdf*qat;&&DiCDE
125
135 UtE^ 6 ■* 9»h9*l>C.*bC DhC Cl
H"
no *rEY7 *eSdil*Cf bq »h ( CeO
ISO HtEYB'EltdCcWEtCbioE
K 1
HO .*EY0‘iCi1!bE!H>1HCqH*
Ijf
1 170 WlEYU’lClCdbeCcfttJbi^
CiH*
lEO Si=' t I (M '
e n u'
m HEPEftT
200 INPIKTABUU51 Tt
210 FOR Nl* I T0 ' lIH Tf
220 Pl= INSTTUS^MIUtTI.
SOUND *
240 NETT
230 UNTIL FALSE
EtfCTRQft USER Pn^ernber 1904
s htnmy 8ppl e P° iiernG
kmP.fr***'
10 kIiM** 1 ® 1 * 1
SSil^W'
50 s-tepl-^
(,0 enil =a
TO i
80 FW •“ 1 ‘ 01tl 1 „ 51E
100 F0F1 <** » 15 li?
f n"ciin«oU*i' if « 11 ‘
11,1 ■ cnU
iio tune h „
HO new iff !**** 1 * 0
100 *£<*
SSS*™'®"*
\,t rtIKilW* 0 «'*"
nil col* 1 ' . , M
SSVm.i«Hi
ao BRW fl'Vl
230 Nttf
ttOK« w U * 1!L FI * LSE
ID REM 3 L3*
2D REN JOHN CLOSE
3D REN PRESS XET FOR A N
IU PATTERN
<0 m 23,211,255,255,25
3,3,3,3.x*!
3D VIMI2J ,222,255 ,255, 255
*192.192, 192,142, in
40 duPft*CHM(222KHfifj
22 U
70 ENVELOPE 3,2,3,4,-330
.-230,-230,-10,126,0,0,-124
,124, 126
00 REPCAT
90 PfODEZ
100 VDU 23,1,0;0{0;0;
110 FOR H*l TO 255
120 COLOUR 12&»RHiHft+l;ti
C9LMND(5J+)
130 n=RNDE20!-l
BLOX
A hghi and
sound show
from John Close
140 m4Uffl{2QW
150 UNHID (291
140 Yll=RNIH2Sl
170 PFINTTABIKlJIlduHl;
ESC PflINTTASmi,91X>duff
190 PRINTTABriI,rX) duf fli
200 raiK[TAB(m f m)duff
*i
210 SOUN’D l,3.I2,Kt DEV 9
220 NEXT
230 S=6ET
240 UNTIL 0
ID SEN LIGHTS
20 REN JOHN CLOSE
30 NODE 2 s K- 3 . 5
40 V1ll23,l,0i0;0;0i
50 REPEAT
60 FDR j=l TO 20 I
70 FOR X-l 10 20 STEP I
BO CUR R N 3 ■: A / * 1 2 B
90 KOLMNEK 151*1
100 PRINT TMIJ.K*SICKR#3
110 PRINT TAB(K,J*3)EHRtJ
i
120 NEXT: NEXT
130 UNTIL FALSE
Send your programs to
Scrapbook* Electron
User, G8 Chester Rnad r
Hazel Grque. Stockport
SK7 5 (MY
D&eembflr t<J34 ELECTRON USER 27
\
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Our educational software ts used in thousands of wheels and homes
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I Geleni LU, DepL ES. 77 Qualilas. BrackniN, Berks ft S 1 J 4 0 G Tel : 0 344 Ml 2 Q |
2Q ELECTRON USER December 1 &B 4
bftwarm
THE COLUMN THAT TAKES A LOOK INSIDE THE LATEST RELEASES
Help save the Ospreys!
OsproYf
Bourne Ectuceibnat
Software
I WAS lucky enough to be able
10 spend two weeks in
Scotland this summef and (he
highlight of the trip was my
visit to see The nesting
Ospreys fli Loch- Garten.
So. when Osprey f arrived in
the office, I grabbed it with
enthusiasm.
Produced in conjunction
with the HSPB, and with an
excellent 32 page colour
booklet to complement the
program, Ft's a fascinating
simulation of [he problems
faced by the osprey as a
Scottish breeding bird
You take the pan of the
manager of a nature reserve
where ospreys are nesting,
The booklet has given you an
outline of the history of the
osprey and you have to pick
which year you wane the
simulation to start.
The earlier the year, the
harder the game is- Your aim is
to make sure that the birds
successfully breed and rear
their chicks.
To do this, y&U have to
decide what your limited
number of wardens is going to
do during (he vital spring and
summer seasons.
Some are needed to chase
away the egg stealers, while
others have to manage the site
and keep disturbance from the
visitors to a minimum. Also
wardens have to be spared to
make people aware of l he
ospreys and to encourage
public support.
And, just like real Life, whan
you've made your choices and
allocated your resources you
have to sit back and watch
what happens-
The graphics are beautiful,
painting a picture of the
reserve and the nest site, You
can watch the ospreys as they
swoop down to fish and take
them to the nest-
Sadly if you haven't
allocated enough wardens to
gu ard d uty , you can also wa ic h
the egg thieves at work. Even
the visitors can be a nuisance,
their cars disturbing the birds if
you haven't picked the right
number of site wardens.
And to make It worse,
factors totally out of your con-
trot such as the weather affect
the final result.
Your success or failure at
one reserve is taken as
representative of the whole of
Scotland and after the spring
season you're shown how the
osprey popnlarion has fered
under your protection,
You continue until you
reach the year V981 or you've
run out of ospreys - a horrible
thought. You can then com-
pare your efforts with the mag-
nificent results (he RSPB
achieved In reality which are
Shown in the booklet.
It's a smashing program.
The instructions, both in the
booklet and on ihe screen are
excel lent, The graphics and
animation are more than ade-
quate and the whole package
has the qua lily that we've
come to expect from Bourne.
Even ihe fact that M s
educational - the well*
illustrated booklet has a
history of the Osprey and a
ihings-to-do section - doesn't
Spoil the fun.
So if you haven't been to
Loch Garten yet. you can con-
sole yourself playing Osprey!
until you get the chance.
Nigel Peters
New
pictures
every day
p
Electronic Colouring
Book
Atfdison-Westev Software
MANY years ago. when play-
ing with jigsaws was more fun
than VOU codes. I used to love
painting by numbers.
There were two main
problems, however. The first
was that l was too impatient tb
waii for the colours so dry so
that they ran together.
The other drawback was
►
Safari fun for all -with no blood
Jungle Jive
Virgin Games
IN a time when the big game
hunter is thankfully a thing of
the past. Jungle Jive lets you
release your aggressive in-
stincts without spilling blood,
tt brings all the excitement
of a jungle safari onto your TV
screen,
You control a little men who
waddles up and down the
centre of the screen The idea
is that you blast away at the
animals who are closing in on
you to your left and right- You
get points for each one you hit
although I pretend they're just
tranquiflising darts.
As you're gening yourself a
life ban from the RSPCA, avoid
the slithering snake who
dashes about at random trying
to avenge all those departed
elephants, crocodiles, lions
and birds.
Whatever you do. don't
shoot the cute little baboons
Which line your path, They
protect you and you'd better
protect them o-r else you're
finished.
And don't iry to shoot ihe
blue hippo, Bullets bounce off
him.
You start off with the usual
three lives, gaining bonus lives
as your point score mounts.
You lose them as you bump
into things and things bump
Into you.
It's a nice action game that
promises fun for all the family
once you've settled the
arguments over who’s going
next.
Keith Young
December 13B4 ELECTRON USER 29
From Page 29
that each picture could only be
painted once, so I eouldn'i
experiment wiih colours as
much as I liked.
I wou I d ha v o loved a sys tern
which allowed me to dabble,
change colours as I wanted,
and where every new day
meant a fresh lot of clean
pictures,
Weil, rather late for me, bul
still good fun comes this tape
which is compatible with boih
the Electron and the BBC
Micro.
Although only priced at
C9.95 - a modest enough
figure nowadays - it contains
no fewer than 1 9 pictures
waiting lor your artistic
talents.
The first four each have a
file which allows the correct
colours to be loaded onto the
picture by first loading the
picture Tile itself followed by
the colour file.
The remaining 14 pictures
do not have this facility, bui
this gives full rein to your
imagination.
By the way. how many
colours would you expect your
Electron to Support? Wrong'
There is a palette of 35 avail-
able, including greys, pinks
and soon and an area is easily
failed using machine code.
A cursor is moved around
the screen, and on moving into
the palette can select the
palming colour. By then
moving the cursor to an area, it
can easily be filled with the P
(pa Inti key.
Similarly, it may be
recoloured by D Ideletel,
selecting another palette
colour and then painting once
more.
The speed ol ihe* fill is quite
impressive as is the speed of
the cursor. The picture as
drawn is not final, as a mode
may be selected in which It *S
possible id add lines exactly as
required.
Thu? (he picture of the
clown might be improved by
the addition of so m 3 balloons
which can be added easily.
Indeed, it is quite possible
and fun to go immediately into
drawing mode without loading
a picture, and thus create a
picture from scratch which can
then be coloured using the
palette, The finished result can
be saved to cassette.
An amusing but not over-
useful feature i$ the facility to
randomly alter the colours on a
displayed picture. Or to cycle
through the basic colours in
order.
The cassette box claims this
program wilt interest those
from six to 96. Well, my three
and five year olds would like to
be added to that list as they
both think it's smashing fun.
I don't think they realise
there is quite a large
educational content to the
program, with much evidence
of planning, hand-eye
coordination and discussion
leading to the final polished
result.
Whether it would be of real
practical use in schools on
c esse tie is doubtful. There are
so many parts of the program
thai it cries out lo be put onto
disc for easier access of a
particular picture or for rapid
saving pf little Johnny’s
masterpiece
Apart from that reservation,
1 am most impressed,
Phil Taylor
SciencB 1
Shards
TH IS package consists of four
separate programs on
balances, meter reading, ther-
mometer reading and lenses.
The meter program is on
twice, in Mode T and in Mode
0. The Mode O version added
nothing - I preferred the extra
colours of Mode f
The introductory program
has 0 noisy title plus an index. I
expected the index to give
single latter entry to load a
program, hut the options are to
see the index or leave the
program.
Leaving the program gives
you a blank screen and it is
necessary to CHAIN
whichever program you want.
The trouble is. you've now
forgotten their names and the
sheet of information has
different tides tor (hern
The balancing program
collects your name, then gives
a menu of options. You have to
decide whether to be nice or
nasty - there is no explanation
as 10 what this means at this
stage 1
The program gives practice
in working out how to balance
Defend
the
fleet
P 3D Bomb A/fey
I S oftware In vast on ‘
IS it because war is so much
fun that we turn it into games?
Or is It because we play so
many war games that we go
so eagerly to war?
These were some of the
more serious thoughts
sparked off by playing
Software Invasion's game 3D
Bomb Alley.
Mind you, there isn't too
much lime to think when
you're actually playing the
game 1
The scenario is obviously
based on San Carlo? Bay in the
Falkland?. Your fleet is at
anchor in a narrow sea inlet
see-saws. The explanation is
rather sketchy, hut If you do
get the answer correct a little
diver hurls himself into a cup of
liquid or, if you chose nasty, he
goes splat on the floor.
ff you gel the answer
wrong, large arrows indicate
which way the see- saw tips,
a nd th en 1 he d iver spl ats if you
are nice or splashes if you are
nasty,
The meter reading program
provides practice on reading
l he two most common school
meter scales- It is well con-
structed, making good use of
and you are under attack from
enemy praties. These appear In
the far distance but rapidly
grow larger as they near.
To defend yourself you have
to throw up a barrage of anti-
aircraft fire. The trouble is that,
although you can miss the
planes, if they get through they
don't miss you.
You get an extra ship for
each 10 planes downed and
the game ends when you've
large text, and with an option
io magnify the releveni part of
ihe scale,
The program is rather fuSsy.
four key presses are required
before an answer Is pui in.
The thermometer program
is very similar to the meter
program. It provides practice
in reading Q-100°C. 0-2 50 6 F
and clinical °C thermometers.
Light provides a lesson in
ray optics at concave/convex
lenses/mirrcrs. It is again well
constaicled using good text
and attractive, simple gra^
phics. The whole program is
rather slow, particularly the 16
questions,
Overall these are well-
produced programs with the
meter and thermometer sec-
tions the pick of the bunch.
The major disadvantage of
this educational package is
total non-compatibii«tv with
Ihe 68C Micro. If these
programs are run on a Beeb.
they have a nasty little trick -
they clear the micro's memory.
Many schools have BBCs
and Electrons I would choose
a program that would run on
both machines to use in my
school.
Rog Frost
A well produced bunch
JO ELECTRON USER Pecember 1004
i q st your last ship.
He's a simple game with nice
graphics and adequate in-
structions. The wav (he planes
appear in thy distance and
than grow larger te a good
technique but it's annoying
when they slow down and
even appear io slop when
under fire. You can almost feel
the micro thinking.
At first I thought that that
would mean a slow game, but
1 soon learned differently as
the planes came In at me five
at a lime.
The main difficulty comes
from the increasing number of
enemy planes- If you like
action where quick re a Clio ns
are at a premium then this is
the one for you.
Eileen Voung
Command
amissie
silo-it’s
not easy!
g o Tank Zone
nab yte
IT'S not easy being the com-
mander pf e missile silo.
First there are the aircraft
attacking you. then there are
the tanks, And you're stuck in a
hole in the ground with only
anti-tank missiles and an anti-
aircraft gun to ward off this un-
provoked aggression. AU the
time your energy bs getting
lower and the shields weaker.
Mo, it's not easy ■ ■ ■
Still, if you Chink you could
do any better, have a go et 3-D
Tank Zone,
Your Electron's screen
becomes a view from the silo
es you scan for the enemy. As
you guide the sights of your
AA gun to attack the j,et$ and
helicopters on the horizon, you
have to watch the radar for
tanks.
When you see one you have
to turn the turret and loose off
^ a missile, quick, At first the
action seems a little slow but
as the tanks get nearer and
your energy drops it's all 100
fast.
The graphics ere simple but
effeciive. The tanks appear in
3D wire form and the missiles
fly in an annoyingly realistic
manner. I say annoying
Enter the arena
and battle it out
| Arena 30i
|_ Micrcde&f
because of Ihe way they miss.
The instructions are
thorough and the key controls
are well- la id out.
Its an interesting game,
very different from anything
else I've seen for the Electron,
While not ihe fastest program
□ round, it should suit those
looking for a change from the
usual arcade remakes.
Well worth looking m
Tony Sinclair
l MAGI WE [bar you re suddenly
transported forward in time to
the year 3QD0 AD, You find
yourself the star of the chief
entertainment of the time -
ihe arena - where humanoids
battle with mutants.
Your only defence is a death
ray and you need it, If you're
touched jusl once by a mutant
you die And some of the
monsters take several blasts
before they decide to die and
leave you in short-lived peace 1
A nightmare? No. just a
brief description of Arena
3000, You. of course, play the
part of the humanoid, starting
with three lives but soon losing
them.
Each m uta nt you kUl add s to
your points score and the
ypu gain an extra life for every
20.000 points you score.
I wouldn't know as by then
I've been swamped by
mutants such as The Dreaded
Oh Atos or the Jovial Jovian
Jumpers.
If they re jovial l don't get
the joke.
And of course, every time
you dear a wave of mutants
along comes another of a
different type.
Ifs not easy but it is fun.
With either keyboard or
joystick control, sound on/off
and pause facilities and a Hall
of Fame, the game is well up to
Standard.
The graphics are very good
and the use of sound reason-
able. A good version of an
arcade classic.
Keith Ypung
Not for mere mortals...
i Mscr i it's just too good
NIGHTMARE Maze. written
by Mike Williams, is a
descendant of Pac Man, which
was popular ages ago in the
arcades. Although it is easy to
see the origins, the game is
completely different to play.
Instead of running around
the masre in between (he walls,
you actually run on top of
them. They are drawn in pers-
pective. as if you were looking
down at an angle.
There are four screens, each
with a different maze and
monsters. The first is inhabited
by springy things, tbo second
by bouncing balls, the third by
deadly Frogs, followed by
hungry hoppers. I can't con-
firm the last two as I always
got bounced on the second
screen.
The object of the game is to
collect a number of keys which
appear around the maze, On
acquiring the last you can
unlock the door which leads to
the next screen.
The inhabitants of the maze
don't chase you, they move in
fixed patterns. The routes
taken are sufficiently complex
as to make it very difficult to
remember more chan the first
few.
Help is at hand in the form
of a Cup of biack coffee. Drink-
ing this awakes you from your
nightmare and the nasties
disappear. You soon start to
dream again so you must rush
round collecting the keys as
fast as possible before they
reappear.
The graphics are excellent
and the animation very
smooth with good sound to
accompany the springy/
bouncy hoppers.
Having said ihat though. I
honestly didn't enjoy plaving
this game, the reason being
that it is just too difficult and
too frustrating. Maybe I'm just
too Old !
Not once in three weeks
have I made the high score
table, not even the bottom
position.
The man. ie difficult to con-
trol when the monsters
disappear, often running
straight past the path you wish
to turn and run along, and
when you are caught, all the
keys you have so painstakingly
collected are lost and you
must Start again.
This game is for advanced
arcadians only, providing an
exciting new challenge to their
skill. Us ordinary mortals
haven’t a chance, il really is a
nightmare I
Roland WaddilovH
December T904 ELECTRON USES 31
Christmas
CHRISTMAS Bak is a
game of strategy designed
to while away a pleasant
time after a substantial
Christmas dinner.
The rules are simple: Two
players take turns to enter a
Christmas Sox into the grief fay
pressing a lei ter key from A to
F.
The piles of presents build
up to the top. but no further, to
the accompaniment of We
Wish You A Merry Xmas.
Q Cuts She music. S alerts it
again
The winner is the first
person to got four of their
presents in a straight line -
vertically, horizontally or
diagonally.
If you don' t wan t to type th e
whole thing by hand then send
off for this month 's l ape. If you
wart to learn some new
techniques to aid your pro-
gramming then read on
And if you want to write a
program with a structured
format so that it can be
changed to your requirements
then start key tapping.
The program h b 5 been
written so that another pro-
grammer can easily see how it
works and therefore be able to
Change it to Suit themselves
The first 19 linos do
everything. They form the
main control module.
The lines call procedures Or
functions in a sequence lhal
creates the effect seen on iha
screen. There is a single
REPEAT UNTIL loop which
continues until one or olher of
the players has worn.
After ihe end message has
been displayed the program
automatically starts again.
A game of
strategy by
JOHN WGQLLARD
PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS
THE following procedures and functions are cat fed from the
main cent rot module;
FROC title Sets up The initial screen with a
display of grid end title.
P ROCinitulisu tion Dimensions all variables used.
reads the da l a statements and
assembles a machine code
routine that creates double
height characters, (Thai routine
was described and explained in
the July edition of Electron User.}
The initialisation procedure also
contains several *FX calls which
are useful in many programs.
'FX16..0 disables ihe analogue/
digital sampling. This is an
advantage only if the Plus 1 is
fitted. *FX22S,I disables the
action of Esc. It may be useful to
set it to *FX229,Q while debug-
ging is carried out. The other *FX
calls are documented in the
Electron User Guide.
PROCnamein Allows the two players to enter
their names and wishes them
luck.
PROCdi splay Creates an empty grid for the
players to enter their Christmas
Boxes.
P ROCpIay Waits for the player to moke a
choice and enters the Christmas
Box.
FW check Checks to discover if that move
was a winning move. If it was
then wrn% is Set to a positive
value.
p Ft OCend message Displays its Christmas Greetings
when the loop ends.
p ROCgut Waits far b letter key to be
pressed between A and F-
H a waver. if Q is pressed the
sound is quietened., if S is
pressed then it is enabled. The
procedure uses *FX2l0.0 to
enable all sound output and
*FX21Q , ,1 to disable all sound
output.
FMname An input routine Thai prints the
inputted characters in double
height to a maximum length of
12 characters.
PROCPrinf {x,y,COL,a$J Utilises the machine code
routine created in the imtlalis-
atton procedure so that whole
strings can be printed in double
height.
Displays a coloured shape deter-
mined by the value of shape%
end coiout% at a position on the
screen determined by xcoonffa
and ycoortPA
PROCshope jsbapa% (
co lou r%, xco ord%,
ycoord/b}
VARIABLES
THE arrays are ttirnensionaffsed in tine SBO.
Name$(l)
grid 0 .. (6,5}
wIii'5d(40|
pitchMSaf and
du mho n%( 54}
person”,
h, kl, k2, . .
ehapeS
T%
gat'i>
I and inkey 0 *
Contains the names of the two players.
Contains a value for each position on the
display. Those unique values are used to
determine if a player has a winning
combination of Christmas Boxes.
Contains the totals of the 39 winning
positions.
Contain the pitch and duration of the 54
notes of the tune that plays during ihs
game.
A flag that starts at zero and becomes
positive to show that a player has achieved
o winning position.
Either 1 or 0 and indicates which player's
turn it is.
General purpose counters that do not cross
procedure boundaries
Contains a string Then produces the moving
sleigh at the top of the screen.
Used to count through each note of the
[□no and determine The position of the
sleigh on the screefl-
Stores the value or The player's choice of
letter-
temporary stores of ihe result of an inkey
statement,
MODIFICATIONS
THE program was designed to
be flexible in its use. The tune
can be changed by changing
The values in the data si ate -
menEs of lines 1 760 end
17 70.. The shape of the
Christmas Boxes can be
chang Ed entirely by altering
lines 1690 to 1720
The shape of the moving
sleigh us set m tine 470.
Obviously, all text dan bo
changed by changing the
appropriate PftOCPrint calls.
OATA
IT IS most important that these statements are entered
accurately as mistakes may not appear as Syntax errors but bs
spurious errors whose source is hard to determine.
Lines 1730. 1740 and 1750 contain the winning
combinations. Lines 1 760 and 1 770 contain the notes of the
tune.
□ecofnbtr 19B4 ELECTRON USER 33
From Page 33
10 RE* Christ ns Be?
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43392
1740 DATA60, 10,80,10, 00, 5,
0B, 5,30,5, 76,5, 40, 10,52,10,
69.10.00. 10.80.5.96.5.00.5,
30,5,74,10,60,10,74,10,96,1
0,96,5,100,5,96,5,00,5,00,9
0,69,10,60,5,60,5,60,10,90,
10.76.10.00. 20
1770 DATA60, I0,80|1Q,9O 1 1O
,00,10,76,20,76, 10,00, 10, 74
,10,40.10.40,20,08,10,96,10
,30+5 ,00,5, 30 ,5, 90, 5, 100,10
,40,10,40,5,60,5,60,10,90,1
0,74,10, 30,20,232,0
This fisting is inducted in
this month's cassette
tape offer. See order
form on Page 47.
AVAILABLE MOW AT ALL GOOD STOCK-
ISTS or bv MAIL ORDER (send chequt/l'Q to:
SHARDS SOFTWARE Roycraft Hwk, Mm
Rd, Harking, Esses, OK 1 ele phone through your
Access/Visa order to 01-591 7666,
A WINNING HAND
SHARDS
1* ETT IGR E UTS 1 5 1 A K V £7+95
J'hree Part 9UK ad venture taking you
from the serene Oxfordshire countryside
through buss Ling I, on-dun streets, to an
epic journey through Europe. Superb
family entertainment filled with intrigue,
action and su^pen-HC, J Tridc of place for
the most original and entertaining
Adventure - it's got id be value for
motley “ CornpttKr and I'ideo Camtt
■adventure supplement-.
EMPIRE £6.95
Exciting game of strategy with eight
levels of difficulty. Destroy the evil
Empire before it conquer* the world -
Hayed on a world map. "This is a terrific
game - visually attractive and highly
addictive" Hems Computing Weekly.
M YSTERY OF Tl 1 V JAVA STAR £7 . 95
Enormous four pan adventure with 3
playing levels, Mount an e spoilt ion tprhe
South Sea* to discover the secrets of the
13-th century shipwreck- Absorbing
family fun with pui/lcs, challenges and
interesting facts.
DflCCnibpr I9B4 ELECTRON USER 35
ELECTRON JOYSTICKS
Ff you hove a Plus 1
interface then you hove
paid a fair amount of
money for the A/D
convener Don't wasle it
by using switched joysticks
which wifi not run
programs that need fuft
analogue function. An
analogue joystick can
easily be made to
simulate the ‘'faster"
action of a switched
jcystrck if needed, but a
switched joystick cannot
be made to simulate an
analogue one correctly.
Reality is analogue. For
instance, objects hove to
be accelerated to a
speed, they do not obtain
speed instantaneously
and the acceleration is
proportional to the force
applied. There is very little
Places include VAJ and Pi P
software around at
present that makes full use
of analogue joysticks
because if requires greater
skill to both write the
program and use it As
people become bored
with the current games,
the additional skills
needed for the analogue
joystick will become more
important. ACORNSGFT's
Aviator and Snooker are
good examples of full
analogue use. The co-
ordination between hand
and eye cannot be
achieved if the rote that
something moves on the
screen is determined in
software without regard fo
the exact position of the
joystick or the pressure
applied to it or the speed
with which It is deflected
Fully analogue, acogn
compatible, sprung return to
centre joysticks to waft witti your
Plus 1 interface or other analogue
interfaces. Already in use by tens
of thousands of BBC owners,
these British made joysticks ore
fully guaranteed and bocked by
our years of experience In the
video games industry.
A Delta 3b "twin” A pair or analogue
joysticks wired to o single plug. One joystick
has red fire buttons ttue other green £19.95
A Delta 3b "single" A single joystick but with
Itie (Ire buttons of two joysticks £12.00
Coming soon: Conversion software utilities that
will moke non standard games work on these
standard loysticks.
Delta 3b joysticks should be available where
you bought your Plus 1 or other analogue
interface, it not they con be ordered direct from
our factory.
€^detf&3b
Vottmace Limited
Park Drive
Boldock
— — Hertfordshire
SG7 6EE
Tel (0442) 594410
The
, ^ • — ■ -t * ,
[APVEMftlPIll
EPIC ADVENTURES ...EPIC ADVENT tIR ES. .. EPIC ADVENTURES. . .EPIC ADVENTCJRES^EPlC ADVENTURES
Definitive Adventures
for the Electron...
''Having now tried all the Epic Adventures, they must be the yardstick
by which all other adventures for the Electron should be judged. 1 '
ELECTRON USER
"The Wheel of Fortune for the BBC and Electron is a highly-
recommended state-of-the-art adventure,' 1 SHIELDS GAZETTE
"This has to be the adventure of 1 964. It really Is superb. 1 '
MICRONET800
"The definitive adventure. Highly recommended/' 1
ELECTRON USER
Our other three adventure* have also received superb
reviews In Electron User. They each contain approximately
230 locations and 25,000 characters of text.
r n
TO: EPIC SOFTWARE. DEPT.E. 10 GLADSTONE ST.. KIBWQRTH BEAUCHAMP.
LEICESTER 1£0 0HL Plea se Suit? Ale -
THE WHEEL OF FORTUNE
qty Castle Frankenstein
qty THE QUEST FOR THE HOLY OftAJL
- eft' THE KING DOM OF KLEIN
POSTAGE & PACKING FREE FOR 2 OR MORE ADD 50p FOR ONE
I encfciM ChtcqLM.-F.Q. to [he value ol (FayaMe to "Epic Software' )
expect fromEP* c -
interpreters
• Runs In real time. 0Q0
#250 Q nly Epi c ’ 5 ,
S into the Electron.
CASSETTE
DISC
£5.95
£U.95
L7 95
£5.95
£7 55
£5.95
£7.55
£5.95
STATE
aac-
ELECTRON
(OtMrte)
rtoCbaphti
miEIkUwi
Ail pitotjfaivis available fot immediate despatch. Dfrafef ervquifiM wrlro*ne. Help Service
Sirtd Ifftter i! yfluj ddit’t w-ar.l La tui magajinr
™, -
EPIC ADVENTURES ...EPIC ADVENT (JR ES. ., EP JC AD VENTU RES-^EPIC ADVENTURES .. .EPIC ADVENTURES
36 ELECTRON USfH Dwj-rn.lier 1 3SJ
NOT SO BAD AS IT SEEMS
It happens to us all at some ti me or other! So let
DAVE ROBINSON sho w you how to cope with
that dreaded error message J 'Bad Program '.
IF you've! &vtir had the
dreaded message ''Bad
Program' ' appear on yOur
Electron's screen and been
frustrated by the apparent
loss of your programs, than
this article is for you.
This loathsome error
message usually occurs when
you load a program Irom
cassette, although it can
happen if adventurous poking
Into memory goes astray,
What happened is Ihat the
Basic prog t am memory has
somehow been corrupted and
I he Electron can't deal with
what it finds there.
In this article my aim is to
show you when and how this
condition will be met and.
mom importantly, what you
can do about it,
Before I explain what
checks arc regularly cerv
ducted on your program in
memory, I'll try and explain
where and how your Basic
programs are stored,
As I'm sure you are aware,
[he Electron stores Basic
programs in a series of
addresses in RAM starting at
PAGE and ending at TOP-1
PAGE and TOP are the
names given io the address
pointers signifying the start
and end of the memory space
occupied by lha program.
PAGE is set to address &EOQ
<3584 decimal! when you first
switch on, though you can
change this, as we will be
doing later.
Each line of every Basic
program is stored in a series Of
numbers. These represent the
characters shown on the
screen when listing e program.
There are also fuur extra num-
bers, which will be explained
shortly.
The n u m bers in me m o ry are
properly called bytes - a byte
being the contents Of the
addresses referred to, and
having a value between 0 and
&FF <255 decimal).
Program I will display the
mum pry of a Basic program
both the addresses and their
contents being shown, wilh an
explanation Of each byte
However, before you * VP-Q it
in, look at Figure I for an
►
Byte EapUnstifl* Value
c== == =■; = s + = " = -= === *
1 Start of line ID (133
+ r — * — - -+
l Line No. hi ah M7Ffl27)
t—'t" -"+* *
3 Lint (Jo-Sq* (HFFG551
.«*«-- +
I Lenqfeh of line 5-&FF<2553
Figure f: The first four bytes
Oteemtser 1SB4 ELECTA ON USER 37
io reh mmn t
150 IF by tel* 1 PRIMT , St jr
20 mmm error vm?
t*
END
liO IF byte 1*2 PRINT-Line
WlHTTABIJ.ir Address
High'
: 'TAB E 121 'Contents™ 124) 'C
170 IF bvteX-3 PRINT'Une
halters*
Low'
40 FfilNTTfllflJISTfilNGIl
195 [F bvtcIM pftJifLeftg
th*
50 V0U2Mj?1,OT'3
190 IF byteZ>4 AND TedtfrZ
60 iddrI*PftSE
H7F PRINT-Tflkeft 1
70 endZ=FALa£
205 IF bvtel>4 AN3 ’addrl
90 «=£
a?f PRINT CHHtftaddr!]
90 REPEAT
215 iddrS*jddrI*I
105 PR ENTTAG f 3) STfi iNgf (33
220 IF M*mK. THEN fevt
ei=IlifeZ
HO If THE
230 NEIT
N wdMSlTE
240 UNTIL endl*TRUE
120 lineU7f#ddrZ+31
250 PRMr«ddrX^?idrfrI v ?
AfldrtjSPCfJlS
ljo FOR UyteM TO Unit
260 PP1NTW
140 PRINT^dtfrl^’iddrZ.?
270 VDU26
tdtfrliSPCaii
290 ENE
Program t
From Page 37
explanation of l hose four extra
bytes in front of every line of
your Bask program.
Byte 1 is always set to &D
113 decimal! tt) signify the
start in memory of a line of
Basic. Bytes 2 and 3 are the
line numbers of your program.
The number is held in two
bytes as one byte can only
bold values up to &FF £255
decimal 3,
By to 4 is the total count of
bytes In each line of Basic,
including the four extra bytes.
The Electron takes care of all
this itself It only concerns you
as a programmer when things
go wrong or you wish to
become ambitious and write
utility programs like Program
II.
The end in memory of any
program is usually signified by
having fiFF 1255 decimal) in
byte 2 . In practice any number
above &7F 1127 decimal! will
be counted as the end.
Type in Program I carefully.
Leave out the ON ERROR until
you're sore ft works.
Figure II' shows e typical
display from this program. The
four columns are as follows:
Column J - address in hex-
Column 2 contents in he*.
Column 3 contents in
decimal
Column 4 - explanation of
byte „
When you run Program I
you'll be examining the
program itself. This lets you
compare the listing with the
actual bytes stored in memory.
To freeze the display at any
time press Ctrl end Shift
together. To slop scrolling
completely, press Esc.
The first four bytes have
already been explained. Byte 5
and onwards are coded in
memory as one of two things.
It could bo the Ascii code of
the letter typed in - see the
User Guide for a full set of
Ascii character cedes -
otherwise it's a token number.
Each Basic keyword, such
as- PRINT, has its own special
code called a token which
allows it to only occupy
one byte of memory
These two are easily dist-
inguished by their value. Ascii
codes stop at &7F while
tokens range from fit 00 to
SiFF. Don't worry to much
Shout tokens at this stage.
In case you have not used
the 7 or the ** before. I'll ssy
that the 7 is to refer to the
contents o! an address. The *
causes a number to be output
In hexadecimal.
Before the Electron will
allow you access to the
program in memory it will
check that each line conforms
to the format in Figure I.
The two things that will
cause the "Bad Program"
error are either the first byte
not being equal to &□ 1 1 3
.decimal) or the third byte
being equal to zero,
These two checks are
repeated for each line of Basic,
the length of the line being
added to Ihe start address to
find the address of the start of
the next line.
With the knowledge
gained, we turn now to com
aider how to recover from the
bad program error.
What's needed is a short
program l hat will examine the
memory area and correct all
the faults found, Program II ts
designed to do pus l That-
Before you look at the list'
ing you must understand two
more points about a Basic
program,
The first is that there must
bu no byte after byte 4 which
has a value in the lanye 0 jo
1 9 131 decimall, The reason is
that these are special control
codes For the Electron which
won't like them being there.
The second point is that line
numbers must always in-
crease in value.
If these two points are not
attended to. the recovered
prog* am may list but It would
be difficult to correct.
Program II uses two proce-
dures to correct them.
PROCHna counts the number
of bytes in a line, replacing any
bad bytes with &.£3 Ithe Ascii
code for £|. PROCnumber
ensures that all the line num-
bers are in ascending order.
When you have typed in
Program II do not try to run it
dntil you have a copy safely
tucked awev on tape As said
at the beginning, programs
I ha t dir ec fly poke into m emory
can self destmet
To use Program l| to
recover a bad program it
follows that you must have a
Basic program in memory that
requires recovering Just type
In a simple program and poke
a zero into the third byte with:
n iE53=5
This should effectively
produce a bad program. Once
you have got a program you
want rp recover, enter;
♦OFT Z.D
to ensure rhai the Electron
accepts all of your program
Now move PAGE to a higher
value with a direct command
Sufih a s'
PAGE - S3 WO
Having done this, we're
now ready to try to recover the
bad program. CHAIN Program
N and see if it works, If not,
check the listing carefully and
try again not forgetTing to
reset PAGE
Assuming all goes well, you
Figure it: Program memory after PAG £
36 ELECTRON USER December 1 9Bd
should have restored your
program. It's new up to you.
Carefully go through the
listing looking Tor The E sign or
other mistakes, correcting all
you find before trying to run
l he recovered program
You'll find that for any
pro-gram of reasonable size
the above recovery method
takes several minutes to
complete.
There is a way to speed This
to Joss than a second and it
also has ihe advantage that no
Basic memory area is used,
which means that you don't
have to reset PAGE. This pan-
acea is machine code.
When you run Program III
it will produce a machine code
program that does the seme
task as Program If. This
machine code routine is desig-
ned to be stored below PAGE
a i addresses & D0 1 onwards -
Plus 1 owners beware 1
To use Program I li type it in.
save a copy then run Fi to
assemble the machine code
we're going to use to replace
Program (I,
When Program III has
finished it has generated a
machine code recovery
program which is now lurking
below PAGE. A copy of this
assembled program is saved
by entering:
tSfiVE ‘RECOVER 1 Ml W
When you'ue got this
machine code safe on
cassette, just load the bad
program as before, and enter-
call m
which activates the recovery
program.
Tp reload (he machine code
program at eny time, type:
♦LOAD “RECOVER" *
This does not affect any
Sasic program already in the
Electron. This means that
when you get the dreaded
message you can Just:
#LMD 'RECOVER*
which puts the machine code
recovery program into (ha
Eiectron without harming your
Basic program, Then enteri
call mi
to sot It to work and your
program will be recovered.
10 REM PROGRAM It
20 RIM RECOVERY (BASIC*
JO thjsMnrtslEttilaitli
ntl*lEOO
40 epdEsFALSt
50 REPEAT
40 PRIlfPthislirtel
70 7thislineX=4B
30 IE ?ttmHniUmi7f
THEN end MM
90 PRDCHne
I0Q IF thilLiniU&EM THE
H RROCrtuiber
110 UftliniMMiMniZ
120 thislmtl-thiislinpS+h
yt*Z
HO UNTIL mdWRUE
Program fi
10 REM PROGRAM HE
20 REM TO PRODUCE RECEIVE.
R 1M/C)
30 tMfiiUit470iUftyii
40 F0R IU0 TO 3 STEP!
50 PWdHH
40 L0PT II
70 IU *0
30 ST A thistinil
TO STA UstlU'X
100 LDA m
110 STA tmiiniM
120 STA laitlinei+1
130 LDY 10
140 loa m
150 STA ItMllU»IU
340 LSI 10
170 i start
ieo m ii
170 LDA IthUlintlW
ZOO SEA nutt
210 SKI end
220 BPL nui Ur
230 *hHt
240 INY
250 LDA (tAilllfielM
740 BNE nuaber
270 <ind
2&Q LPV IL
290 OA «FF
300 STA ithUUntlM
Program tff
140 PAGE^EOO
150 RftlNr&une*
140 END
170 t
ISO DEFPRUCline
I V0 bytfX’4:endlineX*FM.S
E
200 REPEAT
210 IF ?tUi(iliae!tbvtet>
4D THEN endliutl" TRUE: 0070
210
220 IF ?Cthi slinel+bvteX:
sS20 THEN ?EthhlineE+bytit
3=423
230 bytiX=frvt*XH
240 UNTIL eadlinel^TRUE 0
S bvtalHFF
310 RTS
320 .line
130 m IL
340 LOT 14
350 .Loop
340 LDA (thiillRfDiV
370 CMP ISO
100 BED newline
390 CMP 1120
400 BCS Cdfltifiue
410 LDA 1123
420 STA IthialLnaXM
430 .snutimu*
440 INK
450 BNE 3 odd
440 L&A m
470 LBV HFF
490 STA IthiiHnrfJ.Y
490 .nfvlint
500 TVA
510 LOT 13
520 STA J thiil I acIM
510 LDA thill LmX*I
540 STA laitlinel+J
550 LDA thill Inal
540 STA last line!
570 CLC
310 ADC (thill lull) ,Y
590 STA thislUil
000 BCC start
410 INC thill imM
420 DCS start
250 ?(thiiiiniI*3ltfyUl
240 ENEP&OC
270 :
280 DEFPROCftuiblr
290 IF ?lthiiliitsl+ll>7(l
iltUnsI+1) ENDPR0C
300 IF i(thidintE+LX?ll
aitLintftL) MH Tithiilin*
X*iK7(LisUin«+Jl
310 IF ?fthisIineX#2)>Tll
iitlirtiZ+Zl ENDPROC
320 7(thiiUrteI*2)=?U«t
UnaltZHl
33D IF ?(thi5lintl+2l=0 T
HEN 7(thiilineUlJ«?UhlBli
nel+n+l
340 EMDPRDC
430 .nmber
440 TXA
450 BED line
440 LOT tl
470 L&A rthistineX^Y
dSO CMP IliitlintlhY
490 BED nestfluaber
700 SCS line
710 LDA (LHtli«I).Y
720 STA (UiislineXM
730 . r-ex tnuflbs-r
740 I NT
750 LDA ItMsiiJiiXKY
740 CMP (UstlifuU.Y
770 BED add
790 BCE line
790 .add
BOO LOA IliitUnelM
BID CLC
020 ADC II
030 STA EthiiUnrlU
940 B«E line
050 DEV
B40 LDA tthislintlM
870 CLC
m ADC II
890 STA Itht liinill ,¥
?00 BPL Line
910 m end
920 i
?30 NEXT
Qtcembar1&83 ELECTRON USER 39
Clamber up the pipes,
dodging Hie cascading
ball bearings ho despatch
the Weevils and Super-
weevils using /our spray
con. Features oxygen
cylinders, bonus letters,
belt lever and panic
button.
NEW PRICE* &.ELC and
Electron cassette: £6,95,
B.B.C disk version: £9.95,
tssbm?
PACK**!*?
W&TJ' ^l(
[Ml
MiCIRlOk
yjj
joMWBE|R|
MICRO POWER LTD !/,
NOH T HfWOQO HOUSE . fi 0F1 TH STREET 1
LEE US LS* IMTFL |D53?| 4 55 50" 1
W -n,, I-.IAI- i-.ir Ji.MHCJk' I
- "1 ' ■ - . . .
S-. LC> HUs as:i J.. n |
BtiUH ■
AUTHOR Si we PAY M% ROYALTIES’ J
EttRJJ
MU
©g
1
© Y
- — 1 1
©
I f
* * ■ * & „ " 7^*1
\ MS
V * *_
' > . J
1 *
B i i
m
“ 7 / *3
1
\ v _ / /
f 7 * * Tt 3
1 !J
r
) £
) fl (
\JJ j
It ^
N 1
&W
Cn^uf
jfrankrntftetit
FC*™*ACC**El*CT*nrJ
Here’s your
chance to
tm
these three top
adventures games!
August and September contest winners
REMEMBER way bach in
August whan wh gavu you
the chance to win a Sign-
point print port by becom-
ing a cartoonist?
We had hundreds of vary
funny entries. She best
Micro Kid strips ever,
Choosing the winners
was u difficult task, but
now print parts are on
their way to Richard Fete-
day, of Palmers Green,
Loudon end Michael
LyiHy oc of VUidnes,
Cheshire,
September's competi-
tion had you all trying to
sort out the mischief
gremlins hod caused to our
programs.
Thanks far all your help -
First Byte printer interfaces
are on their way to Roy
Preston of Midlothian end
Gary Hugo of Lincoln.
ffv Michael Lythgpa
CHRISTMAS is coming
end Electron User is playing
Santa Clous, courtesy of
Epic Software.
We've got five sets of Epic's
three classic adventures to
give away In our free com-
petition - Kingdom of Klein,
Quest for The Holy Graft and
Cast I# Frankenstein - all you
need for hours af puzzles and
pleasure.
And, since its Christmas, it
eouldn'i be easier to enter. All
you have to do is to tell us why
you like playing adventures.
The funniest, cleverest,
mast original or honest reason
could make vou one of the
lucky five.
So. just finish the sentence
on the form in not more than
20 words and send it in, The
competition will dose on
Christmas Eve, Decamber 24
and the judge's decision will
be final.
Electron User contest entry form
Finish the following sentence in not more than 20 words:
t like playing adventures because . . .
Address
Send to ADVENTURE. Electron User Contest. 60 Chester Road,
Hazet Grove. Stockport SK7 5 NY.
December IS 04 ELECTRON USE FI 41
national micro
MONITORS
You can happily operaieyour Electron wntb your
domestic TV set. Bui more and more users are
finding (hat for a really cnSp picture you need a
special monitor. We offer a monochrome and
three colour monitors:
Zenith 1 2 H ( green screen I . £8 1 ,00
Mlcravltec ( L4" colour - law res) £217.41
Mlcrovitec C 14' 1 colour - med res l £326.66
Mlerovitecf 14"' colour- hi res) .. £480.70
For she host of both worlds (here is I he 14"
Nordmende, which can double as a monitor and
normaHVaf a very attractive price ... . . £238,00
control £251.00)
{very thing
**■ this page
is o/o fess
then our
norma/ price
This special
offer is
exclusively for
readers of
Electron User
and applies to
mail order
sales only.
We wi |J also send you
FREE membership of
NMC’s Computer Club -
enabling you to enjoy
generous discounts on all
your future purchases!
Benefits for Club member?
include a big saving of
10% on software and b%
on hardware purchases
over £25.
A FREE dust cover
with every Electron
We have ample dock? of Electrons and can promise
mainland delivery within 24 hours of receiving your Order,
With it comes an Introductory cassette of 15 programs, a
very comprehensive User Guide, an easy-to-understand
D1Y book on programming AND a free dp$i cover
with the complim ents of
National Micro Cenlres £189.00
EfrctnonDusfCat'ei'r/M/j&pliedseparareiV . £ 2.86
JOYSTICKS
Use a joystick to play arcade games and
watch your score increase drarnaiie&iy
For serious games a joystick really is a
must - and we have two we specially
recommend. Both provide twin fire
buttons.
Sureshot (self centering action I . . £15.67
Clares l non self-centering) pair £19.50
PRINT£R
PRlCjSSLASm
Old
New
price
price
Brother HRS
£!70r9S
£165.00
RX80
£272:00
£260.00
RX80FT
£345 m
£295.00
EX43 only
£286.90
£279.00
EX43+I/F
£394:25
£383.00
DATA RECORDER
From a wide selection of cassette
recorders we recommend the Pye
Data Cassette Recorder, which is
a perfect match for (he Electron.
With il comes a FREE power
pack and Electron lead.
£38-00
Personal shoppers one
welcome cn our rerai/ stetf®.
National Micro Centres.
36 St. Peteregate,
Siockpori SK7 5NY.
Tel: 061-429 8080
WllmsloUr 1 Micro Centre.
62 Grove Street,
Wilmslowy Cheshire.
Tel: 0625 530891
Selling well . . . First Byte's
switched joystick interface
Since it was launched al (he Electron St BBC
Micro User Show the switched joystick Interface
from First Byte has been one of our top sellers
This plug-in cartridge takes standard Atari- style
Joysticks which are much more popular -
and cheaper -than
analogue joysticks £23,70
42 ELECTRON USER OscfmtMJ 1984
Centres
MAIL ORDER DIVISION
■*=■ 061-429 8080
Aitsiwiriita service outside normal office hours
Or use the order form below
AT LAST! Plus 1
is the Electron
add-on we’ve all
been waiting for!
ELECTRON PLLI S 1 is Acorn's answer to a
growing demand from Electron usem in be able
to extend their micro's capabilities. With it you
can add a printer and use your Electron tor word
processing and financial calculations. Its joystick
input Is designed to take two fuUy ptoportioned
joysticks - t£vrng an entirely new dimension to
games playing, And its two un ique cartridge- slots
enable you to plug in games, educational and
business programs - and that means no more
waning For proems to load. Many Other
manufacturers are now planning cartridges that
wilt use Plus 1 to expand the Electron In many
more exciting ways and considerably increase its
power and versatility,
ELECTRON PLUS 1 Is a must For every user
who wants to really make the most of his micro
£56.90
Incredible
value at
Out lop Ten
Best Sellers
Birds of Prey (RnmilO
A fiiHl mowing invaders type
tyime where ihe aliens In space
lake the form of birds. Great
value formoney £6.99
Pharoahs Tumb lA & F]
Seek the golden mask In this
graphic adventure, solve
anagrams and number pusHe*
- but avoid the monsters.
0.15
Killer Gorilla [M3 empower}
Fait becoming, a cub gamE.
Dodge tumbling barrels and
blaring firebalb Gripping
multi-levelactlpn. £7,95
Turin Kingdom Valley
[Bug-Bylel
A sophisticated adventure
game with all 175 locations
drawn in fiatl-scrcen hl-ies
graphics ... £8,55
Cylcin Attack CA & Fj
lr Ousslflndirvg . , . quite simply
escflUeni . . (he- graphics leave
mo * ■Otlwr games standing". -
EbctmnLtar £7.15
Chess, lAconisohl
One of the best compuler
versions of ihe game. e*$y |g
use, with more options then its
£S.2S
Mini Office
l Micro User,' Electron User)
All-in, one word processor,
database, spreadsheet and
graphics package at an
incredibly low price £5.95
Micro Olympics
(Micro User/ Electron. User}
psi yourself against the worlds
greatest athltrlvs, £5.95
SlHrship CDmntAftd
i Acorn soft)
Guide your craft through deep
space and avoid an enemy
btfnl on your destruction, Very
addictive. ... — £8.28
Chuckle Egg (A & F)
A progressive game reairinng
extremely high skill levels The
nightmare has begun!. £7.90
ROM
CARTRIDGES
With Plus 1 you can use
software cartridges on your
Electron for the first lime.
Now pppiJabtej
Snapper
Hopper
Starship Command
only £14.95
ORDER FORM
Post to:
NATIONAL MICRO CENTRES,
36 5l Petei^ate,
Stockport SKI 1 HI.
DELIVERY CHARGES
Hardware. £7 per item
Software; FREE
ALL PRICES GIVEN HERE
INCLUDE VAT
item
Phase supply the following
Q»y
Total
S E-
At tractive credit terms
Phone for details
Carriage
TOTAL”
Flea&e indicate method o/ payment
□ Cheque payable to
National Micro Centres
□ Access/BarelaycaTid No.
I -T
Name
Address
Tel No
Signed .
D«flrtifi*r 19&4 ELECTRON USER 43
Make light wcrk ef listings
To savs your fingers most of the listings in Electron User have
been put on tape.
On the December tape:
CH n II ST MAS BOX Al«n jh* presents i ng. M Hy Si LLY §A NTA Sw out thH miuddlo 5 N A P Match
aiiTnn*T* nEC0 ^ EHV T ' "' Bd-C Plug-, nr. meEiago tamed CAROL Interrupt driven music
AUTODATA A Program Shat grow* and grows NOTEBOOK Simp Iif tiring handling
On the November tape;
STAR FIGHTER Anli-alien miulont SCROLLER Wrap arc u rid machmo«?dt. URBAN SPRAWL
Environment action gam*.: SPELL Alphabetic education. JUNIPER Level headed action CAESAR
Code breaking broken. KEYBOARD Typing game.
On the October tape.
5 :? ai ca(le * e[|fr ' 1 A LPH A 5 Wfl P A |Q[|. c na me to Itrain VW r oram SOU N D
OENSRATOR Tame ^ejtertroti'a Bound ■thflnneli MULTICHARACTER GENERATOR Compla*
SSil?? fl,GEL B 0ul 01 this *°" a a^ 01-1 r *- MAYDAY Hi, ip WJt h yDu e mgr?* code
NOTEBOOK Palindromes Qn # Siring hana'irig
On the Sep tBmber tape;
Arcade aeiion in the BRirlhwrtd 8 P LAS H A legiii gam* In* nan-swkmm*rs,
muuJmmi, 7 Wr1 ' n i s'^rithms work SORT TIME Thiy lima may cake. CLASSROOM
INVADERS MuHicalo^red character? go toiehool SAILOR Nautical unik-* MATHS TEST Try ou(
your mental pnwens. 1
On the August tape;
££-P£Ste E J*'“ Et ? ctr ? Tl ’ ei,i " dfl Dulil ^"- KNOCK OUT Bouni:. h B b-i n batter brick
PARACHUTE Kr.'jip (he skydlve-rs dr, ■ LETTERS Large letter? lor your screen SUPER-SPELL Tail
yauf loall.ng ON YOUR BIKE Pedal power come? to your Electron; SCROLLER Sliced urinns side
sadowpys. FLYING PIGS Bacon on the wing
On the July tape :
DF> li?lks w ' th vm r Ekecxrcr! SOLI T A I R E The ett ssx wto dale game TALL
LETTERS Uiga ClWKtin. made ™ p i» BANK ACCOUNT Keep rriv-k nl y W money CHARTIST
30 graphs FORMULAE Area e. volumes and angles.
On the June tape;
MONEY M A£E Avoid ihe phosts to gat ihe c «h. COD E B R E A K E H A mastermind i? needed to
cmcK rhe colUi ALIEN See mk green men - ihe Electron wav' SETUP Colour commands wilhoul
™»£? VSTALS BE * u1iM a^Bpmca LASER SHOOT OUT An mtergalaeik Blurring gallery
5MILER Hmie i nice dayl
On the May tape:
RALLY OR t V E R High speed l^i- control SP AC E POOS More aliens to annf hit a to. CODER Sae™t
massages ^»nla suitpii: FRUIT MACHINE Spin m whee^ to ivin CHASER A*a,d. your opponent
rg urmvf TIC-TAC-TOE Electron hbughi? and crosses. ELECTRON DRAUGHTSMAN Oaaiti end
save Electron miiterpieces
On the Aprif tape;
|M*K1 A hoop, ng arcade classic FBI El E £ leclron wg ilpapar. PE L 1C AN Cross roads safely.
mmiTuV. * C • '?'** ASTEROID Snacc n a mmeriofej, LIMERICK Automatic rhymes,
ROMAN Number? In Ihe ancient way RUNNYSLtTZ The Entitir program DQGOUCK Th« d?*=ic
logic gamn.
On the March tape:
CHICKEN Let dangerous drivers, util your nerve COFFEE
n C * n «i^2 ™J£ n,L ' 1,4 r 0( ™ n Un ? tJ PARKY'S PERIL Parky * tost in an invisible m Me
REACTION TIMER hqw fast era you ? B PLAINT EASE R A pouting program. COUNTER Menr*i
■rithnwle <e rt be lup' PAPER, SCISSORS J STONE Out-goess your Ekcirnn CHARACTER
GENERATOR Cream shapes wiih i hi* uriFiiy
Off the February tape:
N U M B E H B ALA NC E Test your pdwers 0 1 mcnr,)| arittm trtig CALC U LATO R Ma ke yah r Etectton a
Fi?i L J= S T Mu,h ’ CDjc,t,rrjd pnt<nm gn.gre TOWERS OF HANOt Tha age gld purne
LUNAR LANDER Turn your skill as an mminaut POSITRON INVADERS A vpr 5 ; D n m me trig
arcade tavgurije
On the introductory tape :
A NAG RAM Son mi ^ he | umbted letters DOODLE Mullicolouratt graph k* EURO MAP Tear your
lnT«T Y ^ L AP Q r S ^°n, E r E ^™ r : fl ra P h , ic * mn r "^' CAPITALS New up|Mr UK> Inters
ROCKET WHEEL 1 . CANDLE Three hrewofk* ptogram-. BOMBER Dr^p the bomba dalore v(m
crash DUCK Simbla anintarifln METEORS Cutlltigni in spam
Ploeso send me ih* fg.|loyirinfl fipc Iron User cassette Ispai:
Nine program s f rum ih* Oecembe-t issue
N ine pfdgr#ms Irpm the November i sstie
Seven t)ro^r*ms from me October issue .. .
Wimr pro-ams fidm Ihp ScipienTtier i S5 m p
FourtaanptdgtamsIriomlheAugiisiissve .....
Tim prografns from the Juty rtsue
Tflh programs trtim iha June i»uD , ... , ..
TwoImc programs Irom rhe May issue
E leven pryjgnuns tram ma April issue
Twelve programs trom ihe March ibsud
N Ine pt ogtams from the F ehruaTy .uue
2 6 programs from the inirodectory issue? ,
I enclose cha *um of
Name ...
Addreas
POST TO: Tape Offer.
ESccIron User Europe Hou$g r
68 Chester Road r Morel Grove.
Stockport SK 7 SNY.
ELECTffON USER Oadembar 13fl4
Full fisting starts on Page 58
TO SORT
OUT SANTA
SANTA has b bug in his
■operating system this year, He
has delivered sacks of
presents to ihe six people in
Oise Drive, but pul them in the
wrong houses.
You. I he Electron Elf r must
sort oul the muddle before
everyone wakes up on
Christmas morning.
You do this by moving from
house to house collecting or
dropping sacks. You can carry
up to three sacks at a time.
If you succeed, then you get
another go. but the time you
are allowed is the time you
rpok in your first go,
rf you fail, you are given 20
seconds longer for your next
Turn, Appropriate tunes ire
played for success or failure
and a record is kept of Sha
fastest lima.
The first pan of the program
uses a series of PROCcirctes to
produce a picture. The game
itself follows and instructions
are included within the pro-
gram.
VARIABLES
T%
Time allowed to
C$
Shuffled BS
complete task.
carryS
Sacks being carried
Best time so far.
at present.
Number of present
house.
tahe$
Sack you hope to
take.
nflwz%
Number of house you
hope to visit.
leave$
Sack you hope to
drop.
A$(N)
Initial sack numbers
drops
Sack you have
BS
Numbers 123456
dropped.
A delightful festive
frolic from ROG FROST
PROCEDURES
P RO Cored its Prints title.
PR QCcircie (X,Y,R f C) Used for starting picture. Draws
circle centred at IX. Yl. radius R in
colour C.
Prime instruction on screen.
Decides which sack is randomly left
a I which house.
Sets up text and graphics windows,
selects colours, defines characters
and some variables
Draws houses at [X,Yb
Draws a man in each house at
position iX.Y) and logical colour C,
Positions sacks in the correct
places..
The playing part or the game in
which you make decisions.
Deals with the removal of sacks
from the houses.
Deals with leaving seeks at houses.
Displays fail message.
Displays success message.
Plays a happy Christmas song.
Plays a bad Christmas song.
Prints the fastest time.
PR DC in struct
PROCchose
PROCsutup
PROChouxtt (X.VJ
PRQCsanta {X,Y,C)
PRGCsock
PROCdccirte
PROCremava
PROCdrop
FROCfail
PROCsuecess
PROCgooritune
PROCbadtuno
PRQChall
December 1&B4 ELECTRON USER 45
Be one of the first
to got each issue
A subscription will ensure you ;
get your own pijnJ : ° PV
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next year.
Every owner of an Electron - ^
everyone thinking of buym ^ lVs the
electron
CotriP' ete
t of our f*
>ur *****
onty £2 °
electt^S ei , ect etectt; electro electron
^ our Electron n.
Protecting i
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With our J u * u ron
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^ater-resfstanr
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Keep your collection
of Electron User
complete with these
handsome binders
Bound in attractive red pvc with
the Electron User logo in gold
blocking on the spine, this
binder will hold 12 magazines
firmly secured in
place by metal rods, to.ao
46 ElECTFIQfi USSR Dflcmnber 1334
electiogr electro^
CASTLES
OF SAND
■ electron >$
ju - - f
f 1 Qjrisftnias!
^ 33 o.\
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Please enter number required in bon £ p
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Sand to: Electron User, FREEPOST, Europe House,
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Oeiumbsr 1 S 84 ELECTRON USER 42
MO USER!
M0USER was written to
help children practicu their
skills with compass direc-
tions.
A mouse is hidden on a
12x12 grid labelled with
the coordinates A1-L12.
Your task is to send your
cot to find the mouse but
you only have five goes.
Each time you make a
mistake the micro will tell
you a compass direction to
take.
You must tell the micro
the coordinate of the
square you want to search.
Incorrect coordinates will
not be accepted.
I would recommend you
change line 100 to
"FX229.1 to disable Esc
when you are sure that the
program has been fully
debugged.
If you want to make the
game easier by having
more turns, just change the
value of S% in lines SO,
1200 and 1 66Q to give more
than five goes.
: 0 ON ERR SR SOTO 1135
20 REfl ** Mauser ti
30 RElt i* an education si
gate far the SBC and Elect
rw computers **
+0 SEN n Steve u. Luctt
*4
50 R£W M ([] ELECTRON 1?
SIR
so nmi
75 * KEY 10 OLD :* SPIN
30 31=5
90 V0U23 , 1 ,0 ;0; 0; Oi
150 flEfl ** change this h
ne to *FI229 J »hen you hiv
t full i debugged the araqra
t to disable escase lev **
110 *Ff2l0,0
120SEM ** define cfcaracte
j-s «
135051123,239,255,255,255,
255.255.255.255.255
14091)1123,240*192,120*156,
191,255,255,65,113
l50VDtl23,24t *0,96* 112,33,
204,252,5,192
IA0VDU2I , 242 *43*32*32,32,
3 : 42 , 31,15
170YDU23. 243,1 ,*,7,7, 3*1,
255.255
105001123.211.0,126,192,29
0,174*240,290,134
190VDU23, 215.7,3,1*3, 0,1,
1,0
200901123,246,255*233*253,.
129.123.129.193.0
2 10YDU23 *247,1 34 ,123 ,120,
121.128.120.192.0
220 001123,296,7 ,4, 13, 12 ,4
, 6 , 1*1
23IMJU23*Z4?, 240*14*08, 15
2*14*48, 192*192
240^23.250,0,3*6,12,9,9
,9,?
250VIHJ23. 251, 120,224, 176*
216,72,72, 72,72
260^1123,252,29,21,23,3,3
,3,4,4
270VDU23, 253, 92,212*212,2
24,224,224,49,16
280^1123.254,4*6,4,28.20,
0 , 0,0
29003023.255,16,43,16,23,
28,0,0,0
300 V 0819*0,3,0, 0*0*19*1,
6,0,0,0*19*2,1,0,0*0.19,3,4
AM
310 REH define ewe) ones
320 ENVELOPE 1,1,1*0,0,20
4 a ELECTRON USE A DBCtfmbur 1984
Q'MiIZWrltt'ttMH
330 ENVELOPE Z t U-7,7,0J
126.0,0,-124, 126,124
340 ENVELOPE 3,1,34,-36,0
,20,20,0, 126,0,0,-126, 124, I
26
350 PRQCmst rue Hons
360 TX=4
370 ECDLO,i:Fflft TI-O TO S
00 STEP 150
330 FDft IX=0 TO 500 STEP
150
390 DDVEU , 75*VI: flDVEH , Y
ZiPLOTH* IW3, 75*Y!.:PL07fl5
,jd*73,Yis H0vm«75,n+75: N
OVE t !+75 Jl+lSOi PLOT 05 ,IM
50 , VU73i PL0TB5, It+1 50, YX+ 1
50i KEITH, Tl
400 EC0LO,2:HGYEO,O:DftM9
OO s O:DRAh9OO,90OiDRAKO,9OOt
DAAtt,0
410 YDU5: SCffl.0 , 2 : FORIT* IT
012jHUYEfi50,75*n-30:PRINTI
I; NEXTi F{]RIX= lT0l2s HOVE75*J
1-50 , 94 Q ! PR INTCHRt 1 6 4+IX ) : N
EXT e VETU4
420 HD YEO , 970 c DRAH970 , 970
: DRAM 970,0
430 H0VE1 100,400; DRAW 100
,7Q0:PLDT35,1 116,600: PLOiaS
,!U6,7OO:H0YEll0B,73OiHDYE
1035 , 7 QO : PLD [05 , 1 1 3 4 ,700
440 VDU5 s HOVE 1100, Tiff j PH I
NPN":YMI4
450 PR1HTTA0!0PH DUSE
R"
460 ¥0020,31,31,39,20
470 ftEfl t* «in taae **
400 PRK&Jici
490 REPEAT
500 PRDCguess
5 EO SZ-SM
510 TX=£M
530 UNTIL SX=0
540 PRQClose
350 END
540 DEFPRDCplace
570 AZsRM(12hBI<M(12>
300 ENDPftDC
590EHD
600 DEFPftOCiO«sflin^,Il
)
610 VDUStflO V£H , Yl : &COLO ,
2X : VDU 240,241,4: EWDPftO C
420 KFPRDteftttXUt,EXT
630 W0U5! MOVEXX ,Tfls GCGLO,
IX:V0U242,243, 244, 10,0,0,0,
243,246,247,4: ENDPRQC
440 DEFPSDCHn(n,VX,n)
450 yDU5:raWlI,YXtSCQL0,
ZX:V1HJ24B, 249 ,10,0 ,3,250,25
1,10,8,0^52,253,10,0,8,254
,255,4:ENDFR0[
660 QEFPMCmvb
670 PRDCcit ICJ *75-75, DX#7
5-5,21
600 0M 1,2,140,10
690 ENDPROC
700 D£FPRQCque5&
710 CLS
720 YOU 2J,l,O;0)Mt
730 COLOUR 3
740 PR 1 HI' Enter quess
now
750 REPEAT
760 AI*GETliPMNTTAJ 12,41
;»
770 CX-ASCIAtl
700 UNTIL CJ764 AMD CK77
790 CI=CX-64
300 REPEAT
010 PHMTA0E3,mPC6
020 INPUT TA0(3,4)"A4
830 DI=VAL(AU:IFDI>n OR
Did THEN VDU7
040 UNTIL DIM? AND DK13
850 YDU5:EEQL0,0: HOVE 99
0,920 : PRINT STRIKE* 19
1239] ) :V1U4
040 PROCiflve
070 hf""
800 IF Al-CX AND QX=B1 TR
EN PRO-Cwin
890 IF DKBX THEM PROCncr
th ELSE PROCirtutb
900 VDU5; HDVE990 , 1 OOOi PR I
NT^ou auit*
910 HOVE 990,940 :PRINT p q
o
920 HOVE 990,920 JFRINT&*
930 HOVE 973,520 :GCOLO,0
: PRINTS TRIN6t(0 fc CHRI239] jiG
COL 0,2
940 HOVE 970,550 : PRINT’D
urns"
950 HOVE 970,520 sPRINT'l
eft
960 HOVE 900,520: PRINT TZ
970 VDU4
900 ENDPR0C
990 DEFPROCnprth
1000 bf^North"
1010 If CtCAl THEN *>*=&! *"
e^f ELSE IF CDAI THEN bt
“tit 1 Best*
1020 ENPPROC
1030 BEFPROCsnuth
1040 IF 0X<DX THEN bl=*Sou
th*
1050 IF AX7CZ THEN bt-b*+'
east" ELBE IF EZ>fti THEN bf
Wnest"
1040 ENDFROC
1070 DEEPRDCwln
1000 ELD
1090 RESTORE
1100 FORX-lTQi
1110 READaX,liI,c!
1120 PfiOC«ft[jt,6l,cX]
1130 HE IT
1140 SOUND 1,2,255,50
1150 DATA 1000,1000,2,1000
,150, 2 f l 30, 1000,2,150, 150,2
,400,700,3,000,400,3
1140 COLOUR!
1170 VDU3
1100 MOOitiQlFfllttT'H e
M Done*
1190 HDVE 150, 350: PRINT" Vo
y tad the latisa"
1200 51=5
1210 GCOLO,2
1220 HDVE300, 100 sPRINT* Ann
ther one <Y/H> ?•
1230 YDU4
1240 VDU23>1,0?0;0;0;
1250 REPEAT
1240 ye5*=EE T*
1270 UNTIL INSTRi'YNyndye
sf)
1200 IF v*il**r OR
v" THEN CLG: GOTO 360
1290 CIS
1300 V DUS i HDVE 200,400: PHI
NT"G o o d 6 y e.":VDU4
1310 END
1320 ENDPR&C
1330 NODE 6
1340 PR1NTTAST3, LSI "Error
"jERR;" in line nutber "jER
L
1350 END
1360 DEF PROG instructions
1370 CLS
1380 PRINTrAB(l5,2)"H D U
S E R"
1390 COLOUR 2
1400 print 1 'SFCuoh'tu
S.H, Lucas 1904"
mo COLOUR!
1420 PRINT' " ' 'This is a ga
ie in Nhtch you mst try to
find the ame arhicli is hi
ddefl on the "board. "
1430 CDL0UR2
1440 PRINT ‘ " ' "You lust use
your cat to search for the
louse by telling te the to
ordinate of the square yo
u Hint to search."
1450 COLOUR 3
1440 PRINT' '"I Hill then t
ell you nhtch direction to
go in , Vou trill havi only
FIVE turns tn find the am
e in !*
1470 REH ft you can alter
the nuiher of toms by alte
ring the value of 5X at the
start of proqrai
1400 COLOUR 2
1490 PRINT' ' "Do you want s
ound <V>es or <H>o V
1500 REPEAT
1510 ASSETS
1520 UNTIL Al'T OR A(="N
4
1530 IF M-'H* THEH IFI2I0
,L
1540 PRINT ' 1 J “Press (Space
Bar) to start the gate"
1550 REPEAT UNTIL 8ET'32
1540 CLS: ENDPH-QC
1570 DEFPRDClose
1500 CLB:PRINT i rou ,,, t]iin“
t " ' "find it! 1
1590 M= i ftBCDEFGHI4EL"
1600 £f-H[DJ(At,AI, I)
1410 COLOUR 2
1620 PRINT- It Mishin ":B
tiSX
1630 PROCiDUse [ AX*75^60 ,0Z
*75-25,31
1640 SOUND 1,3,140,50
1650 COLOUR 3
1440 5X-5:HM
1670 PRIHT' , Aftother iJ "6aae
,k, <Y/N>7*
1400 VDUZ3,1,0;0!CUC!
1690 REPEAT
1700 ves MEET t
1710 UNTIL INSTfidYNyPidVi
tf)
1720 IF vei*-"r DR yesl=*
y" THEN CLG: GOTO 360
L730 CLG
1740 TO: ROVE 200,600: Pfil
NT'S aodh' e. 1 : VD4J4
1750 END
This Its tiny is included in
this month's eassotte
f F*pe offer. See order
form on Page 47.
ODCfl'rn.bflr istas ELECTROPfl USER 49
"" ESS ***** 1
P\ c<9
Ffay f/ie most exc/f/na
challenging Olympic
simulation of them all I
MICRO OLVMPI CS is riding high in the charts— and no
wonder. Yon are challenged to beat the world record in 1 1
realistic track and field event s r with the packed stadium
Cheering you on to victory - Or defeat I Just like the real thing,
you'll want to keep on improving your sporting skill until you're
up there among the greats!
Turn your home micro into
a true office workhorse!
MINI OFFICE Is the most incredibly priced introduction to
business computing ever offered. The package contains four
full-scale programs - word processor, database manager,
spreadsheet and graphics, They include advanced features
not yet available on programs costing many times as
much, Pius a concise 32-page how-to-dc-it booklet.
Let your children embark on a
magical micro adventure!
THE MAGIC SWORD breaks new ground in programming for
the young - e complete adventure on cassette accompanied by
3 48-page full colour storybook. Stunning sound and colourful
graphics bring a completely new dimension to the classic
computer adventure. And there's a very helpful animated
compass to help you find ycmr way around!
Tbt
JWrnc
'mo%
PiMM (iek »pi« flquuraj
□ I endufE cheque msda parable m
Database PlitlltttiMt HU. \v t
I wish to pi> by
□ Access
□ Vis* tfn .fxpin itate .
Name _ ,
Signed
Post to : Database Pablicatians. turn pa House.
88 Chester Hu ad. Marat Grove, Stn-ckpan SKT 5NY.
Micim
Olympics
Mini
OHicfl
Magic
SwOtd
Speclrum cassuiiE
£5.95 □
N'A
N'A
GdmmDdofe cassette
m
m
BBC 'B' caswlle
E5.9ED
£'5 95 □
f8 95 n
BBC 40 track disc
£795 □
£7.95 0
N/A
BSC SO irack disc
C7.MD
£7.95 □
m
El«ln>n cassette
f 5.95 0
£5 95 0
f0 95 □
By ROLAND WADDILOVE
THE Editor stopped mo.
"Waddilove", he slurred.
"Christmas is coming Do
something" .
After spending a week or so
racking my brains Trying to
think of sn original Christinas
program I came up with Xmas
Carol- It simply wishes every-
one a Merry Christmas, to the
accompaniment of a few fes-
tive tunes.
You may be wondering
where the origin Bitty is in that.
Well, it's not what it does, it's
how it does it.
The program demonstrates
th o use of i nte rru p cs by pi ay mg
carols while text is printed in
different directions end with
various degrees of rotation.
One of the most advanced
features of the Electron, and
the BBC Micro as well, is the
extensive use of interrupts to
Dccomtjpr IRB- ELfcCTftON USER 5
VARlABUES
Si *!! 11 TO bB
printed.
Angl*
Angle oi let * eT lfl
f stJl ans.
p «oc stow dalii P ” OCEDU REs
* °^W*^-cr scre «
a$j bS
theta
ongl fi
PROC *
ssemi>| 0
of tetter
„ Posit, on o' "=‘ ,er -
* ”• T <5116 of W»»-
•*»“ SS* out SIN and
sio. «■* cQS lu „ciion <o
save !'£®b« printed*
lett«fS r»I« ' 10 ncit ooip
P° in T ptr a Uvo' WOCV f»
* oUn Os«°«l «"
PROC letters
Preprint
point 1%,
Ih rou g h
becomes:
av eni. S
Clo°k 4 r & dara »«i?D r 13 SS
coroirle,™ 1 !?,'"^* rau,i "0 to pray
^sbJeevPnr ^Oriop^— -
from Pa^re 5/
display, by setting the event
vector to point to the start of
Switching rapidly between the code, and enabling ii with
tasks. 'FX14.4.
Interrupts must not have When the code is called I ho
, any effect on the interrupted registers and flags are saved,
program. If any of the As only one event has been
processor's registers or flags enabled (here is no need Id
are altered by the interrupt check that it is the right one.
routine, then it will get in a First it Is necessary to see if
terrible muddle when it (here is enough space in the
returns, probably with disas- sound buffer for the next note,
trous consequences. otherwise the program would
Acorn have thoughtfully grind to a Halt when it was full
provided the uset with an easy if there is not enough room
to use. pre-packaged interrupt the registers are restored and
facility. Every 10 milliseconds the routine ends,
an interrupt is generated by If there is enough room,
one of the timers inside the then the next note and its
ULA to I ransfer program con- length is read from the data
tro I to routines to deal with the stored at page &A and placed
background work. in ihe parameter bfock at Ei71 .
In the process or carrying Osword is called to insert the
l out this background work a note into the sound buffer,
number of events may be A check is made to see if the
| generated, such as the interval pointer is at the last note. If it is
timer crossing *era An event then it is reset to the start
handling routine can be wrir again. The registers are
l ten by the user to which restored and the routine ends,
control is passed, when the AH this happens while the
X appropriate event has been Electron is busy drawing the
detected by rbo operating message on the screen, giving
system, the appearance of doing two
The operating system things at. Cnee,
detects all events but ignores The print routine works by
them if they have not been printing the letter a[ the
enabled with a 'FX14 com- bottom loft hand corner of [ he
man d. if an event has been screen, and looking at the dot
r enabled then program exec- pattern produced,
i utiem indirect vie the event You can'i see it as it is
vector at 8(220, {See Page printed in colour 2 which is set
2 42 of rhe User Guide-1 in black, [he seme as the
The machine code routine background.
Xmas Carol is called 50
1 times a second, coincident
with the start of vertical
, synchronisation of the screen
By using some elementary
trigonometry the dot pattern
can be rotated and drawn at
any position on the screen. A
3Je event.
£ r . inr ^ massage
character Bt
POsrtron,
3 Do ' n f to code.
1 mgb and
J% when rotated
an angle theta
IVCOS ltheta)-J%*Slhl
(thetaL l%-5IJY{iheta) +
J? D *COS (theta}.
An allowance has (o be
made for the odd shaped
pixels in Mode 5 bui it is fairly
straightforward.
To print text round in a
circle you just move to a point
on the circumference y%
which is radius’SiN (theta),
radius' COS (theta), To make
the text stand outwards the
angle of rotation is -thota.
The machine code is placed
at &90O and the data for the
carols at SlAOO. which are
buffers used by the cassette ,
system.
It Is safe to type in and run
programs while the carols are :
play ing, bu t loadi ng or savin g a
program may corrupt the code ,
so it is best to disable the !
routine with ■FXI3.4.
Don't just use the program !
as it is. Try experimenting with
different tunes. (Lines 220. ,
220 and 790 must be set to ;
the number of items in the
date statement, 2 5 4 i
maximum,?
Alter the messages printed ,
and see what happen & if the j
size of the letters is changed,
Will It run in Made 1 7 Try it ■
and see. Alter it if necessary.
1 Xmas Carol listing
lOREfl ftlflAS PROGRAM
e typed ir, and run ihilt t
20REK tFor Elcctrpn/tticr
Its carols continue to play.
a User*
To LOAD or SAVE a pragrat
SORtH *0y R. A.hFacfdi love*
press f3.“
IGftEil f Happy Qiriftilfi
mm
SOON ERROR 6DT0 1320
m
GOPROCitanjdata
19QDEF RSOCstore data
JOPBOCasseible
awtrni.i
0MDCE 5
ZJ4MFILM
90PROCI fitters
22&?i70-2U
104TJNE±Q; REPEAT UNTIL TI
230F0m*2M TD I STEP-1
BE >300
24QRERD Jl:I37IAO{MI
ilDFRINT TAB f 3,31) I'Prtas
250NEXT
Spim'i
2iO*KE¥l 'LIS!07:OLIST:
I»iFIT 21 t 0
130REPEAT UfiTlL 6ET*J2
m*mi ’NENiH r
I40HODE k
28MET3 »«Ftl3 t IM*
f50PRlNr "'Function Keys
imtm -?fr220=&it*32i=
t-“ "IL - LIST turn* t m
fstFiiMrtf
grii, ,,,, f2 - delete curren
3O0ENOPM
t jfQtfrii.*' ‘?3 - end the
310
carols, 1
liOPRIHT' ' "Prog r ats can h
320REB pitchjmgth,. ..
Vfr *tf :
52 EL£ CIS oiy USER December 1304
BRIDGE?
CONTRACT BRIDGE PLAYER?
. . .THEN YOU NEED. ,
BRIDGE-MENTOR
. AN IDEAL BRIDGE PARTNER . . .
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4 r *CREATE/ ANALYSE RANDOM DEALS
With hmN nsiiktion toliiur-^^phiizs and BBC ( 32 K) AND
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Slid*! >t)u imrcniflh iinjhvH'd
hamjj A hose el ftalurei including I he
ipecEdiiular ' 4 urnp lay cpticn
Ideal For individual pracUre,
and archiving
Superb ^athmg aid lor
dubs and pfflltttiTNIlU
Crritt in mliniie ardint nr
hinds that can be brmrghr
[p !iF* nn> I he iiw
Cempi£f ipecial Eeactmig
mil«ria\i
EQjSOmCj
Cheques to:- ’ Aircejietiecm^
DEPT: EU 12
MIMIC BUSINESS SERVICES,
12 WOBURN CLOSE, BUSHEY
HERTFORDSHIRE. WD2 3XA.
T/itm Price lencloie a cheque fort
PtMfommffrg f or tbr modep ayihle leSHfui Fablltftlpg tr.tf.
Eleeiton [j r ff F(ff paymen tby Att*ti 8#r*iAytrrr<9 ■
EtmFtr&n Anembty Language tt,VS ArPrfitan EnpreriT
f fMra tlifei are available- tram brant Iter at Boon. Morale. i, W.H. fwuYA , boolnbopt
computer itiopi ttoret. In cate of rfliritiWf/. pirate write to:
SHIVA. PUS l < SUING LTD. FREEPOST, H tVrtlh Flow, atlrifU^A, tberbtrr CWS ISff.
TaWpborw orOert wetcome! 027ft 019277 (24 Ufa 7 dipt} TWfWS fiJJ« (tlAfEQPf
What the Acorn Electron
has been waiting for!
£ali?U version of Forth for
the Electron {Mot re- hashed
Forth 79 Code}
Unique Stack Display Utility
TGk Eprom type 27123
Available as a 'bare' ROM or
a ROM Cartridge for the
Plus I 1 interface
Multitasking operating
system for Real Time use.
Here's another frit from Skywave Software A Forth Eprom
for the Acorn Electron which can Multi -task It's called Mu!n -Forth
h r s the same Forth that has- already revolutionised 'he 83 C
Micro and, since it follows hot on The heels of the ZXBVFortfi ROM
and Spectrum Forth 1. 0 Cartridge, you can probably guess that
David Husband is The gomus behind it
MuSn- Forth 83 is a f 6 k Eprom type 27123 which sits sideways
in the ftOM area along with any other ROMs in use It then allows a
number of Forth programs to run simultaneously and transparently
of each other, piae ng each task m a queue, up lo a ^*murn of
twenty-eight!-
Multi-Forth 33 s also campanble with the MQ 5 and specially
veaored to enable a system to be reconfigured, it contains a
Standard 6502 Assembler, a Standard Screen Editor and a unique
Stack Display Utility, too.
At a later date a Cartridge version for the Acorn 'Pius r wll be
available, but for now Multi-Forth 83 ii sold as a Rare' ROM wh-.ch
means an -nterface ;s needed for the Standard Acorn Electron
this unique Eprom comes with an extensive Manual and, at
£ 45 + VAT it s superb value Order l using the coupon, adding
£2 30 p&p (£5 I hr Europe, £ 10 outside) Of, for more information,
simply tick I ha! boMnstead, Either way, youl be one step ahead of
the competition.
Slywi.i’V.'M,*. ’3Cu-.x:.iHtJdlJ Bojrre-r.a.&h iJoiWf. I'-cjUrd T cl IdKtf '.l»2JBb-
MULTI-FORTH 83 FOR THE ACORN ELECTRON
Dflcerpfcwr 1904 ELECTION USiH
Xmas Carol listing
I Front Page 52
34-JREK ■♦Silent Night**
150MTA SO ,15, Be, 5, 80,1
0, 60,30, GO, IS, 08,5, BO, t
0 P 65,30, 108,30, 96,30, 10
0,30, 30,30, 00,30, 100,15,
96.3, 33,10, BO, 15, 0B,5,S
0,10, 60,30
360
370REH +*Ne Three- Kings**
330DATA 96, IS. 3B T 9 P 00, 1
0, 60,9, 76,9, 0D,9, 74,9,
60,27, 94,10, 03,9, 00, IS.
68,9, 76,9, 00,9, 76,9, AS,
27, 00, 13, 0,0, 00,9. 00, IS
, 0,0, 80,9, 96,10, 0,0, 96
,9, 100,9. 100,9, 96,9, 01,
9, 96,9, 00,9, 00.10, 74,9,
63,40
390
4-OOREH **Jingle Bells**
410DATA 96,5, 0 f &, 96,3.
0,0, 96,10, 0,5, 96,5, 0,0,
94.3, 0,0, 96,10, 0,0, 9A,
$, 103,5, 80.7, 00,3, 9A M
, lQ0 t 3, 0,0, 100,5, 0,0, 1
00,7, 0,0, 100,5. 96,3, 0,0
, 96,5, 0,0, 96,3, 0,0, 96,
3, 10S,5 t Mi 100,3. 100,5
, 80,5, 00,40
m
4308EH In A Manger
tt
MOMA 32, io, 72,10, 0,0
, 72,10, 10,5, 00,5, 72,10,
0,0, 72,10, 30,5, 92,5, 10
0.10, 0,0, 100,10, 100,10,
92.20, 00,5, 30.5, 92.10, 0
,0, 92,10, 100,10, 03,10, 0
,0, 30,10, 72,5, 80,5, 00.
10, 60.10. 60,10,72,40
450
460DEF PRCCassaMle
4?OpDinter=S?Q
400 sound =4? I
490! sound* 1
SOOs-mind ! 2*-I5
310n5ttDrd"!tfFFl
520D5bvte-lFFF4
530742 20*10 0 : 742 2 1 *409
54 OF OR pas s=0 TO 2 STEF 2
550P*=fc?00
56D[ OPT pass
CTOTHPsPHA \sive regi
sters
C h
r- x s t svn ^6
1 s
W- C*
m
c r _
iT*
P
£_
'W 1 ' ■o- 4 ^' 53,
Sl-if
i.iJ acf ^
$2?5S
o
-tfe
&
50OT1A:PHA BiOWEIT
590TYft:FHA S70+FJ 14.4
400L&A (400 08OENDFROC
610LM #4FA 090
420107 (IFF 900IEF FRQCletters
63035R Mbyte .since in 9iO'7DU 23 . 1 .Of Os •>? Oi
sound buffer’’ 920VEU 19, 3,0} Of
64QCPX HO 93O0COL 0,2
650iPtE end \tf mH eft 94Qj(='flerry p
oagli 95OF0R ll - 1 TO 5
660L0Y pcinter ¥6DFR0Cprint f MHJf UI , II , 1
470LW &A0P,t \get pitch 1,2^1/2,128,11*64*330)
60O5TA sound H 970MEHT
690EEV MQif-'ChristiM'
70CLDA 4A00J '.get lenqt 990bi- , EverybQ[lv"
h IOOOFOR II-J TO 9
1010PI!DCpriftt(NlDI(iUI t l
) ,2,0,11*120-90,900)
lOZOPROCprinUKlUf (bl, 171, 1
) ,2, -PI/2, 1144, 90Q-1E*64)
1030NEH
IO405COL 0,1
IWOJI^ELECTMII USER*
!06Obl-'NICRG USER *
1D70F0R IM TO 13
iOBOtheta=RAIHU* (3407141-
BlOPLfti TftV ^restore r <90*340/1471
enters 1 090? 3 =439* 200*5 I N ( the 1 1 1
M&PLAilM 1 1 OOvX-432*200*COS (theta)
B30PLfi:PLP 11 lOPROCprint ( MIDI tat, 11,1
04ORTS ),?, -theta, Kl,rf)
0501 LmjI*6I9fllO»S[«(thltil
7I0STA soufld+6
720LOA (7
7310* Isomuf HCD236
740L07 (sound BIV254
750JSR osuord \pliy note
760BEC pointer
7700EC pointer
7B0BNE end
790LDA 1244 ; ST A pointer
000, end
[ 1 3 Ov 3=4 52+1 10*C OS tt het iJ
IMORfiOCprinUhl&J (b4+!X. !
) ,1, -theta, Kl,yX)
I15QNEIT
1140VDU 19.3, 4j 0]
H7QPRJNT TAB 10,71; "Fran*
llBOEHDPRDC
1190
120QDEF Preprint (let tsrl,
she, angle, ICX v Yt)
12 LC-LOCftL IIJI
1220FRIHT TAS(0, 31); letter
t;
l23Ocos=size*C08 (angle!
l240iift*2t5iz*t5IM (angle!
13S0F0R 13-0 TO 64 STEP 4
12A0FDR JI=0 TO 32
1270IF PDlHTdlJZ) PLOT 6
9 l 13+IS*co5-J3*sie,n*<I2*s
in/4)*iI#coi
120ONEKT
1I90HEIT
immvm
1310
1320REN ** error **
1 330KODE tiM 19,0, 4;0; 14
1 3 40REPDRT SPRINT" it lint
*;ERL
Tftti its. ting is inniudnd in
this month's cassette
tope offer. See order
form on Page 47-
5*! ELECTRON USER D team tier 190J
Christmas Snap listing
PROCEDURES ^ ^ ciofv n(S
*3 * rZ^^X'
M B. «*»
t"alr values ^^J ndo w on ihft
r^rb-> £
cs^tSSES.
i-h^sa accept me , hR vanati'ies
pBOCthristus*-”®® e ,,teiS values *“J win t)o" orl 1116
■ * ?» 3 £. a .'.d *•*
pROCsa^ ^ s ht at , ptoW fft.
i
ssss^r- s^SSr"
PBdcprop.;^
pB OCproptt^^
pBOCprOP 5 ^
Cpu^f
a to h
variables
Jsed tn .
f ™0 o“.t“^ £ 7 “". ^ which „
'"‘"ally count , s fa Jr ; ■ WVL 'Ml
X ”“ " nd V% C'n'^oto" "W.
27 " n tha «*t Jnd™ 8 -' 1 * 9 ** *> on It
becomes ft and . ^ Na bJe random'-
t'nioatlouvnd ,h f; Elites („ ard ^,°^ e '. '""able
C rtW » rj 5hou,d allowed T«2
5 <£ d used as a l _ i
noto S;L° ET “ a,iab,e usi "9
carols 3 * . P “ndD* !a" “ e lo °r js Biayi„ 9 tho
* W * 1 ampi„ud e , a ^ZTf.Z^‘
273 G0L0Effifl:PPMSPC(2hi
from Page 16
:% pepi <»cwniST«ftS«snA
*ft*
20 m H*EV P.TfiYLER***
22 RE11#*ELECTRW USER***
23 R£?fT*CHR[STHAS 1904**
2!5 P=tQC! nstruct t ons
:a W0K2
32 REPEAT
35 ^DU23J,i;0?8:ij
40 couiit*FflLSE
50 CGlOURlISiCL:
hi ?ftDCprop*r _ jacl;
70REP£AT;PBD.[:ra2ido*cofcD U
rjPJHJCjttUMht b^ai.30
IjPRDCchtci: UNTIL lomt-M
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n count -FALSE
100 PftOCprDppr tre*
! 1 §RE P EAT : pROCrj red trie o I ou
nPROCchrUtiis tr«UI,3K
tKOCdteckiUHTlL coufit*7KUE
HI Cdunt^fALSE
140 FRDCprtlprr «inti
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170 UNTIL FALSE
‘M DEfPfi-3Cjsckjn_th«.Eio
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190 vm$,njiniWiU<
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200 COLOUR: PR INTSPCtflJi
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250 COL0UflA:PRlHTSPC(2>t:
CDLQUftBi PRIMT5PC £ L J ; j COLOUR
ljPRINTSPCH? ;:CQLDURB:PSIN
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lifCOLOUREtPRINTSPCtlhiCOL
DURA! PR I NTSPC (2 1 i
►
DHcrmber 19^4 ELEGTAClN USER 55
Christmas Snap listing
From Page 55
300 CDLOUltfti PRINTSPC til it
COLOURS i WmiTSPC £ 1 ) t : COLOUR
A; PRimPCiSIli COLOURS: PRIN
TSPC {3 1 i i C0LOUfl£i PR I NT? PC 1 1
llfCDLWMiPfiMSPCt4l titan
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CfSl 1 1 DOLtHUMs PRINT5PCI3;t t !
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310 C0LDURA! PRINTSPC 1 4? ji
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t F R I NTSPC ( 2 1 s 3 CDLOURF j PR I MT
SPC t tCOLQURB; PRINTSPC E IJ
! j COLOURS : PR I HT5PC 413 $
330:flLDUMiPRlNTSPCtl)iiC
OLGURC: PRINT SPC (31 ; i COLOUR
i PRINTSPC ( l ] : : COLOUR!: PRINT
SPC (2} c'*rat'mBtPRlN?SPC ( II
i tCOLOORDtPRlMTSPCU >1 iCDLO
URBjPRI»TSPC[3l|iCDL0lJPFfPR
I WTSPC tilt: COLOURS : PA IWTSPC
{2 ) 1 1 COLOUR D ; PR IJITSFC d ) ;
340COLDlHDiPHI(lTSPC(miC
0LOURC: PRINT SPC (33 ; iCQLBUfiF
iPRIHTSPC ; S ] ; i COL&URC; PRIH"
SPC S * COkOURDi Ffl I K TSPC [ 1 1
t
J3KOLHtiflJ?:P(trNTSPC(lhsC
QLGURBl PRINTSPC 12) ; sCOLOORF
i PR t Nf SPC 421 r e COLOURS : PRINT
SPC t2 ) ; ! CGLOURli PRINTSPC d 3
l : CQLCJR St PR1 NTSPC d 1 ; ? COLD
URCiPRIMTSPC0»| iCOLOmiPE
INTSPCdljiPinsrjicI in p i
3SSPR!HT i the Bon p i
360 EHDFRDC
370 DEFPRQCehttL
375 IFI21,0
3S8 G'lHKEVHMtZXhlF S=
32 THIN GOTO 400
■90 EHDPRDC
480 IF 0*12? m 0131 7H
EH cdtint'TftUEtPftDCtun-e
415 VE3U7
409 ifl2i,0
4E8 EKOPRGt
42IDEFPRflCsrasirJ«i
430 A*l35?B*lZ9iC=i3M=l
3hE=132:F*L33iS*ISitV0U2fl >
j<UJ'lj&HJ8L3StCLtiifflT8
200
140 mmz
450 C , EFPROC r tndQi:GlG‘ur
460 riMe»I*RN!fl7m28
470 JH35tB*rifldM&]F 17
134 THEN B-B-7
400 OBOilF Z>m THIN I
=07
498 D*l+2tIF 0MJ4 MN 0
-0-7
500 E*l+3:iF £7134 THEN E
*E-7
510 F-B+43 3F FHH THEN F
*F-7
521 5-B+5t IF 5M34 TKEN G
*G-7
531 H=0+6tiF HM34 THEN H
■K-7
540 ENOPRQC
350 DEFPRtiGprw.MRti
560 ft=135:B*l3?tC*l30:D>l
31:£=13IiF*133tE=n4iH=l2a:
m 28 v I l 3B.,B,IiCQL0LAl34i'C
LSi SOTO 590
S?8 DEFPRDOant*m,YXl
530 MU2B,n,ia,m?,rw
■?;CQLQURl35i€LS
590 CGWJtiflBsPftlKTSPCtflii
CDL0EIRftiPSIHTSPC!2hi CffiLDUP
G : PR I NTSPC ( 3 ) ! i COLOURS 3 PRIN
TSPCfXljtCDUHJRAiIVlNTSFCti
) 1 1 COLOURS: PR I KTSPC 12 1 1 * COL
OUftBiPSlBTSPCf 1 ) i 1 COLOUfiflfF
StlNTSPCCl ) ; : COLDUR&: PR1NTSP
C 14 J ; : C0LQUPA ; PR INTSPC H 1 J t :
DQL0lilRG:PRINT5PEdh
600 COLQUMiPRINTSPCTDii
COLOUR A ; P R I NTS F£ U ) J : C DLDUR
£ j PRINTS PCil 1 + s COLOUR!: PRIN
TSPC 425 ; ; COLOUR! s PR 1 NTS PC { I
)s:CCLOURfl;PftlNTSP.[<lit:COL
QEIRGiPRIHTSPCtIH
610 COLWft&sWWSPCTtlt:
COLOURS: PRINTSPC till! COLOUR
l:WNT5PEilh:CGL0tlRHiPRfN
mtShiCOLOURBsPltlilTSPCa
1 1 : CULOURfl-i PRINTSPC (! 3 : r COL
ttUSGiPRlNTSPClEJi
620 COLOURS: PRINTSPC (I) s:
CO^OURfi: PRINT3PC it ) s iCDLOUR
B i Pi I NTSPC { 4 ) | ; CflLOURA : PR IN
TSFCd); :CDLDURG:PR! NTSPC d
1 ; ; COLOURS: PR [NTSPC (2) i aCDL
OIJRA : PR I NTSPC ( 4 > s s COLOURS : P
Rf NTSPC W i
638 COLOURS: PfilHTSFC (31 ii
CttLCUflA t Pfl INTSPC (21;: COLOUR
G: PRINTSPC !3? ejCOlOURGiPRIN
TSPC £ 2 ) s : COLOURS ; P R I NTSPC [ J
!tiCOLOURAiPfil#TSPC(2diCOL
M E PR ! NT SPC ( 21 :s COLOURS:?
RlHTSPCtm
640 CnLOUKB-i PfiJKTSPC E E 1 { t
COLOURS: PRINTS p C lll\i COLOUR
fi: PRINTSPC 12) t : CDLDEJRB: PRIN
TSPC f 2 1 ( 1 COL OURS : PR INTSRC { 1
) t tCOLQURG i PRINTS? C (31 : t COL
QURA: e RENT5PC(23;tCQLCmsP
RTPITSPCC3] ;
650 COLOURS: PRINTS [13 tt
CDLDURfl: PRINT5PC T2J ? a COLDaFT
1 : PRINTSPC till: COLOURG : PR IN
TSP[UhiC«WURBfPPII4TSPC(l
is
660 COLOURS: PKINTSFCdft:
CQL«: PRINTSPC dk:CCLO [ JR
BiPRlMTSPCdf ; iCQLfllfRAiPPlN
TSPC (21 ; iCULSHJi&tPJUNTSPC I 1
ItiOUNJRGtmilTSPCaiitCOl
OURAsPRIMTSPCm s
670 COLOURS: RRINTSFt (I) ii
COLOURS ! P R I N TS P C E 1 3 1 i COICHJF.
H: PRINTSPC 1 4) ¥ s COLDUHE: PRIN'
T S?C f 1 1 i : C 01 0'JR B : PR I N TSPC 1 1
§05 C0L0UR3 1 PR I NTSPCEII ) ( :
CGlOtmGif^tNTSPCaT I i^DLGLTR
H:PR]HTSPC[4] ;:CDLGURB:PRIN
TSPC M 3 i i COLOURS f PR I NTSPC [ l
i i
m COLOURS: PRINTSPC J l?|!
CtjLCyRG: PRINTSPC l i ; : COLOUR
HtPRlHTSPC i4^ sCOLCHiiiPRJN
TSPCEll!s:E>LQyiftiPP!N T BFC:i
' e : C OLEHJRfii PR I STSPC [ 2 3 i : CO L
OURB; PRINTSPC f 4? t: COLOURS! p
R I NTSPC til;
70? CGLGEffSlPSINTSPC \ :
C0lDl«itRRTHTSPC:4niCeUKl(f
EfPRIHTSPCtZlttCafflliSiPRiS
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1 1 s CHUlUREa PRtMTBPCfSI t >CHL
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KINTSPCCI ? ; a COLOURS \ PR HITS?
C (2 J H COLOUR B : Pi INT5PCT 1 1 ; :
C5L0yR5:PRlNTSPCl21;
T 10 COLOURG: PRINTSPC 12? s:
C OlO U RB : PP I NTSPC f 1 1 1 3 COL DUF
G: PfiJNTSPC 12? t: COL OURB: PRIN
TSPC fill* COLOURS: PRINTSPC 12
):
720 CDLOURGjPR [NTSPC ( 23 ;;
COLOOiiiPRIHTSPCdmmDUR
&:PRlNT3PC[2]i:C0LC-URB:PRlN
lSPCEMiiC0L0USEtPRIN T SPC(2
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731 COLOURS: PftlHT SPC ( 21 s :
CDLOLWEePRIKTSPC C U s iCOLO'JR
6t PR ! NTSPC ( 23 ;:COLOUfilJ PRIN
TSPCdh : COL DURGtPRl. NTSPC 12
IjiCOLOOfiGi PRINTSPC (23 JiCOi
OUfiBtPRIHTSPCIlItiCOLOySStP
RINTSPCI23 i : COLOURS: PRINTSP
C 1 1 ! S s CDLQUflG: PRINTSPC T27 i
"43 COLGURGiPil NTSPC (2h :
COLQUSHl PRINTSPC ( LI ; iCOLOUP
Gi PRINTSPC 123 iiCOLCURH: PRIM
TSF5H) COLOURS :PR INIS PCE 2
COLOURS: PRINTSPC 12? j: COL
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RtHTSPCtZI t :COLOIWM ePF!NTSP
C(ll : sCOLOtfRSrPRINTSPCClj
750 COLOURS: PRINTSPC! 2? tr
COLOURKi Pfl IMTjPC 1 1 J j : PtJLfflJfi
G ! Pi IHTSPC tSl i ! CfltflURH : PP IN
tspc ahsMUHWGtPRiirrspcr:
':60 COLOURS: PR I NT SRC Cl; :
lUMH: PR E NTSPC ( 1} : :COLQUP
Si PR ] HTSPC I2J { : CDLDOfiN: PR! N
TS PC ( ! 3 : : COLOURS : PR I NTSP C ( 2
", ; ; COLOUR GsPRENTSPCdh iCG
LOW!Ht PR 1 NTSPC E 21 : i COLOURS :
PR [NTSPC ( ! 3 ; i COlCUiNjPP (NTS
PC 123 tj COLOURG: PRINTSPC IV;
765 COLOURS: RR I NTIP: r s: :
76? PRINT* Sint a *j
’ T f imm
730 KFPiOCprspr t ret
7?0 A*nSiB x 12?iC^12!:0-l
ll:E=lS2:P=L33:S*!3l:M*i2S:
U 002? 1 1 T 36 , B * 1 tflX OOP E 35 i CL
S: BGT-D 320
£00 DEFPROCcNfist*«Jr«
dl.VZ)
83 B VDU20 * II , VI , S 1+7 , Yl-2
9: COLOUR! 35»CLS
B 2 0 CCL DU PA : PR [ NT SP C ! £ I ; : C
OLOUKfliPRlNTS^ (13 ; iCOLQtffll
iPRIMTiPCI 11 ttfOLOURft: PRINT
SPC (33 s:COLOURfl:FRI NTSPC (31
ttCDUHJWiPRlNTSPCtS)! iCDLO
UR A: PRINTSPC 12);
B30COLOURA:PRINTSPCI4] !J C
OLOURD: PRINTSPCd ) ; : COLOUR:A
: PRINTSPC <3) ; : COL DURA: PRINT
SPC 4 4 J i : 0QU1URC : PKlNTSPC f 1 T
ti COLOUR A: PilNTSPCE3)(
B40COL DURA e PR t NT SPC ( T f i : C
ouotpRi s printspc mil cmouflc
t PR JNTSPCmisCOLOURBl PRINT
SPC ( 1 1 ; : COL DURA: PR! NT SPC <21
E5IC0L DUH A : PR I NT SPC ( 3 1 j : C
56 ELECTRON USER Dpcirmbcr )934
OULKClPRIKTSPCtUliCaOLFKB
iPRJHTSPC ( 3 \ ; iCDLDUECt PRINT
SPC [ n i iCQLOURA; PRINTSPC E2]
i s CflLOURAiPRUffSPC T2S * s COLD
URB: PRINTS CU ) ; : COLQyRC; PR
INTSPC !3! j : COLOURS) PR [NTSPC
UJj;CQLDURA:PRMSPCan
S60CGU5USArPR[KTSPC[:];iC
QLSUftCiPRINTSPCrEJu COLOURS
sPftlHISPCCll I tCOUMJTC: PPIKT
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; : C£L DURA : PR INTSPC ( I ! j s COLO
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1ST E? C ■: 5 ! ? : COL OUR J : PP [ KT5FC
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BWOLOURAiPR INTSFCt J 1 i : C
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sfElJVTSPCn > ; s CCLOORCsPBWT
sPCfiJii£iiLoiffifliP!ii«TS(tU}
i : C0LOURC: PRINT5PC t?) J t COLO
UilAtPRIKTSPCflJsiC&LOTiPP
IHI5PC ( l> ; iCQLOURC*PRIMTSPi:
[3)tiCtnEFI3M!MHrTSPCrii{
5BffiOLiKA!pfiH«TSPE^if:C
OLOL'R B ; PP ] N T 3PC 1 1 i : E0LQURA
: PR ! HTSPC i 31 ; 5 COLOtlSAt PR! 1ST
SPtmstcotiisiEriPiiiiTSPCEit
: ; £3 LGUfift r PR I HTSRC II 5 ; * COLD
Uftfts P« 1 NTSPC C 4 ) H CDLOUftC i PR
HtTSPCil’uCaWRfli PRINTS
(31;
WIC0Ltim:PSlKTSPC(lhiC
^omPswTSPcinuCDunififl
»PP|HT$P£ I IT ; *COL0UfiKiPltt|T
SPC (71 ! sCULOURfts PBIMTSPC l£5
i;C{llOlJRK;PR!HTSPC^)i;CfiLO
UftAtfflMTSPCtm
9lKOLOUfiflS PRI MTSPCI3 Ml.C
DLEHIRHi PRIKTSPC f 3 1 1 1 COUftlfiA
i PRI HTSPt { 2 ! 1 1 GQLCHJPfUPfi I NT
SPC ( 3 3 ( ; COLOURS s Pfi I NT5PC 1 3 1
iimOUBflsPfiMSPCtIJf
?10Cffl.OURfl:FRIHtSRCii];j£
OlDLJR&iPRlMTSRC [ U | iCCLDURE
i PflIHTSPC r 1 5 uCdLOVREhi^IM^
SPff 11 s : CGLEHJfifl : PfitllTStE f 1 !
isCIlLWRFsPSINTSPClDitCDLD
9R£:PRUVT5PC(t)t:CDLWiW
INTSPC il);
niCCLDURA:PR[NTSPC(Uli£
SLflyREs PRIfiTSPET ( 3? ; t COLOUflA
i f R ] JiTSPC (I : COLflUftF i PRINT
SPClIf;
MROUWiAsPRINTSPCIDitC
OLDURD: PRUTSPCills *Q3LEHJRE
:PPlPtTSRCM]-::£QLQUfiDiPPIKT
SPC 1 1 1 i s CDLDUAfU PRI NISPG (1 J
; ; CDLDURF s PR 1 HTSPC 111;: COLD
tffiEiPftlHTSPC (II ; iCDLOURFiPR
IHTiPC (Ui sPRIHT' 'Thi T rte
'm ENBPRGC
1050 DEFFflQCtune
[060 t4ne a RN5:i00?
1070 IF tunt\25 PfiOCQOQdM
ftC«iiftE«DPRQC
1871 3F ttinif5l f PQCjifiqie
belhiEWDPMD
1172 If Unt'JZ PRDCdKtth
etdillsiENDPROC
107] IF tupiE>7< PRGC:ither
c*rohINIPRDC
1 m EWFM
; 0?0DFFPPD£qoiSdw3n.cssl «
189? RESTORE 3113
13 08 "OR not ii=3 TO 64 sfiEA
,0*0,liNECT
1318 7ATA -15*60*0,60*1.
5,-15*50*8*0,61.1,3,
B*-i5*5B, 8, -15.40,0.3/0,1.
5,-15,40, 9,-15*43/4, -15*48
.g.-is/M, -15,48*8, -su*
,9,-15, 40*14*0*4!/, 5, -15*5
a,!i, -is, 50,8*0, 40 , 1 . 3 ,-:!,
50 * 8 , 0 , 41 , 1 . s^ts/iX-i!*
48,8^15,61,8
1120 DATA 8,40,1,3,-13,40,
3,-15,40, !4, -15*48*8, 'S3, «
,S, -15, 48*8,-15, 34, 3,-15,41
J6*0*6!*l/,-i3 n 63JMl5,
53,3,-33, SM, -15, 76, 3irl5,
58.8, -15,76*8, -I3/M*-I3i
40,16,-15,48,8,-15*10,3,-1!
,45,3,-15,54,8,-13,60.16,0,
40,1.!
1[30 SATA -15,40,14,-:!
,41, 3,8,10,!, 5, -15.40,0.-1!
, 40^9, -15, 56,8,-15,40,3,8*6
8, I. 5, -15,60,9,-15, 68, 34,-1
3 ,08, 0,-15, 80, 8, -13, 76*8,-!
5. 63. 8, -15, 60,! 6, -15. 90, 16,
~[!,50/2
1135 FAR dflli^lTGCBItNEl
T
11-0 EN2FF3C
1158 DEFPMCjmfllEbrils
l!6fl RESTORE 1180
1170 m note-1 TO 186;REft
C P, St SOUND l,-!5,P»fefflUND
(.ff.MiNHT note
[180 SATA 4M,?M,3M
.80,4,40,3,12,4,60,2,60,3*6
0,4, 96,4, 88,4,89,4, 68, 0,20,.
3,43,4,102,4.94,4,83,4.76,8
t 7Mi10$, 4,106, 4,100,4,88,
4*95*8, 80*8,40 *4, 95*4. SM,
90.4.60.8.12.3.60.4.96.4.88
,4, 93, 4, 63, 8,20,4,65.4, 68, 4
,!», 4, 96,4, 88,4, 110*4
1190 DATA 108*4,103,4*183,
4.116.4. 109.4. 100.4.93.4.88
,12,52,4
1200 DATA 94*4 1 ?4*4*96, 8,9
6, 4,96,4,96, S,%,4,[09,4, 90
,1.38.4,96.=, 43, 3, 120,4.100
,4* 100,6,101*:, 100*4*96*4, 9
6,4,96,2,96,2.96,4,78.4,88,
4, 30, 4, 38,4, 108 ,12*96*4*76*
4*96*8*96*4,96,4,76,8,96,4,
108,4*80*5*35*2, 94*3,48,8, I
00,4*100,4, 180,6,100,2
1205 FOR Utlav-HfliBBOtie
1211 DATA : 03, 4, 96, 4, 96, 4,
96,2,96*2*108,4,108,4*100,4
,88,4,30,16
1220 mmz
1220 HFPFSEdta thrills
::ia restore 3253
1250 FOR Jttte: 1 TB 5?tSEA
2 P,D: SOUND MlS.^OiSOfM)
i,0*8*ijNEIT note
1260 SATA 58*12*44 ,4*40, 8,
32,8^4*0*22*8, 40. 3, 74*8*32
. 4.40.4, 44.4, 22* 4, 40, 12, 32,
4, 24, 5, 20, 8.74,16, 52, 12, 44,
4*« 1 5*32 t 0 i :4 1 E, ”*0*40.3,
74*3, 32, 4, 40, 4, 44, 4, 32 ,4, 40
,12, 32, 4, 24, 3,20,3, 24,16,32
ti2.4a,M4,9*:2*a*s0j:,44
,4, 57, 3. 32*8
1270 TATA 40.4, 44,4,32, ?, 6
0,4,50,4,77,4/3,4/2, MS,
9, 52*16, 52, 12, 44, 4, 40 , 3, 32,
8,24,9,12,3,40,8.24,8*12,4*
13,4,44,4, 38*4, 40, 32, 22,4,:
4,8*20*8*24*16
:775 FOR drUrdiTOKHiNElCT
1280 ESPPPOC
1270 DiWtOC=i thcr -Aral
1*00 RESTORE 1823
1730 FOP nate=l TO 58iSEAt
P.flsSOUNB I,-15*P,DiSEHiH0
1*M,8:N£*T hot i
::;a DATA 14,4,32*4*24*8,4
0,4,44*4.40,3. 52. 4, 68, 4, 57,
3,68, 8, 28,8, 21, 3, 32,4, 24.4,
20,4, 62,4,4*8,24,4, 32*4,24,
0.40.4, 44*4.40, 3, 52*4,68*4,
52*3, 61,0, 20,3, 20, 8*24,24, 6
0,4*68,4,72*3*68,4.60,4,68,
8,52*8.57.8,44,4,52,4,61,9*
57,4,44,4,44,8,40,8
133! DATA 48,8*32.4*40.4,3
2.8, 40*4, 32, 4,24, MM, 32,
3,68,8, 23, 8.20,24,24
1335 FOR del ly^lTDt Hit NEXT
1348 ENBPR0C
9999 DEFPROCinstfitCtiQW
10000 VD'JL?, 3,3, 8. 8.8.19,1,
1.0.8, 8
10305 CIS
L0010 PAINT "SPCI51 1 'RELCOM
E TO CHR13THA3 SNAP 1
10021 PRINT '8PC!51:‘ 0R1T
TEN !T PHIL TfttLER'
:!038 P8!NT "SPC45I!* FOP
THE ELECTRON fllCPO'
J0040 PRINT' 'SRC 131 1' (III
L ALSO RON m SBC!-'
;0050 PS:ll4T"SPCL3?i' PRESS
SPACEBAR TO CONTINUE*
10360 REPSrrsG-SET: UNTIL 5^
10078 110919*0,6,3,0,0*19, i ,
4.!, 0,0
:8075 ELS
10083 PRINT - "* Tlv t chi
Id »:L! iwa picturps
ippetr on tfce tcrfl'eft, The^e
till shanje colour afttr i
tilt ir.timl ytm Hill b«i
sked to enter liter. N
lien jjl the colours id
Htth, no response shout d t
e nad# by the child.*
10390 PRINT 1 "if hen the t-o
pict^rei en the icreen io
Midi, hsetver. the SPACfBA
R should ie jores^ed. This
will register i response fr
: o the ikra, as indeed eiE
1 am- false presses/
10130 PRINT" Please enter
the nuiber at se^cnds rau ■
i?h to gie« the ihild to re
i[t Nirniui is 1/2
i second" " PdX3*L# is ? i
econds 1
:!3I3 rR!NT r, E^ter ^uther a
f seconds as i nu«b»r , cr p
ress 0 for i/2 second/
10:20 REPEAT fS>8ET: UNTIL &>
47 AND 3(58
10! 30 IF 8*48 THEN 1X-.5 IL
EE 2£=G-4B
[0148 ENDPROC
This ii sting is included in
this month's c&ssetio
tap # affar . See order
form on Page 47 .
December 19B4 ELECTflQN U&iR 57
Silly Santa listing
From Page 45
70REH 5 ILLY SANTA
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440PROChou5eU00.S8IJ:FfiG
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t i ( 1 088 . ?00 , 4 7 : PSOCi an t j f 20
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49GCLEAR
504BOTO3te
51 BEND
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1244 IF il*2 UNTIL nt«M
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1440 IF zl‘2 then emu, Hi
MOVE 430,9*0: PAINT; sa:k*:GC
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14711 F ;S=5 THEN 6COL0*l4i
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the wrong*' "houses.*
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the people Hite ua and find
his fistaie,"
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2073PSINT' "Press the space
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2B3IREPEAT UKT1L BET-32
2190(15
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22 E3FRIWT’ "Khw vesi have
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2U0FEPEAT WfTIL GET-32
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This fisting is inducted in
this menth s cassette
tape offer. See order
form on Pape 47,
D*«mti0r19B4 EtfCTROiN USER 59
AT COMSOFT
WE VE GOT IT ALL TAPED UP
* FOR ONLY £4*95 !
SAi COMMAND EH S^OtK
rtwomn, yivt hcicages, restore JrPHtom
^ Wc .ire -giving ove r 1 M prices to the
high-fit iC-SW "Eacelfern. A very tcmpDAg gwic
riflmiy procured and -*nh at) [hr refinements one
CCmfiMflCipetr G-insn; Coroputing
CUSTARD PJ E FIGHT A n.lsnaji game fm OOP Of
(At) prayers [luc.'iMlt liter ^illy hxve youtxWnq over with
Lighted "rifle d fw weed ' fC-W
) SERPENTS LAlIt Agfjpftntaf gcogr^hir.d .hrJuwnttjre The
use or graphics «npr essed me i can ire Lhr *vi iple r.wnily getrirkj
lovtUvcd A ptaaMnl first adventure *i eve-ry uv*y " t-*CW
RLAT&OX Hirer rdwc.ywyuti programs on one
cas«tte rof if* y*tKS*e f-wiilyi Uwd inscnools arid
IHjmei n^tnjnwippf Superp Will IJ* 3 vtty v.lluXblr
I Vddtion Id m*ny Whooli ,n^S home*. f would
I ccrtartyhJvf spen *ny money on n ium only two
| of tbr [nrefg.*nri. Eittff&i Uf*r.
TAPES: £4-95!
Pleawxfld 55piMMiipe<kiriq
COMiOFT
AT KENT ROAD
H ARROGATE
NORTH TORUS
HGI 2NH.
TEL, 0H2 +43421
or 4423 SF14.
ADVERTISERS INDEX
Acornsoft
14.15
M.P. Software
Aggressive Software
BO
NawHorifqn
60
Sec Sports
60
National Micro
Bit Twiddlers
60
Centres
42,43
Corn soft
60
Potter Programs
28
Epic
36
dual soft
11
First Bvte Computers
U
Shards Software
35
Golem
2B
Shiva
53
icon Software
2S
Sky wave Software
53
Ksy-Ess Software
11
Software Invasion
2
KdSmos
21
Software Liason
60
Microbyte
2B
Squirralsoft
21
Mieropower
40 r 64
Superior Software
63
Mime Business Services S3
Voltmace
36
— *
STRIPPER II
The professional tape back-up program for the Electron.
This is a totally pew and updated version of the
bBst-sall-ar, Stripper I. which has been selling for over a
year for use on the BSC Micro. Now. due to popular
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As Stripper 1 1 will duplicate all your commercial
software we must insist on personal use only, please.
Jus r send £4 j'ntf . ehtQwe or P. £?. to recede- 5 trippe t if 4i y
return post. Educational orders welcome.
Orders to:
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FREE BALL!
with'YOURTEAM'
a Bobby Charlton
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worth £$ 99
>«Ti
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KILLER GORILLA' or MONSTERS ^t+itn our
UPGRADES
"CHUKEE '
win provide 3 Speeds B New Screens Venable Emended
Jump and S«laci Start Level IT -41).
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will provide upto 1 5 Levels of Play Variable Extended
Jump, Extra Lives. Practice Modes and Pause.
MONSTAS"
will provide 4 Skill Levels Variable Extended Jump.
Conveyor Belt Effects. User Defined Keys, Configurable
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Aff programs for BBC or Electron. Store Machine. £3.2$
each. 2 or 3 on one c&tsetie £s.0o or £7.00 av tesom po^t ttr*i cierS
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. Dept. EL1 11, 1 58 Church End, Harlow, Ease* CM 13 5PF
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Avai lap- e Idt Sn?ctruin. B 0 C. Electron, COW 64 - EB.-gb plus £ 1 00
PS P O^der today enclustrig ctiDtiue&'P.-Q . Access- V jhi T&:
V Bcr Spgrts, Oepi Eg. EKjc House. Highland b Av«. Northampton.
Tel: 0604 499 24B
ielli hnsism
acTiPUTtrs 3t nsts
cBW'
sP fcC *
09 C
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FOR
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fast MAIL ORDER SERVICE
FREE PftP FOR ORDERS E25 OR MORE
SEND FOOLSCAP S.A.E. FOR CATALOGUE
To: New Hori ion Computer Central
1 Goodall Street Waiaoll WS1 1QU
BP ELECTRON USER QMemUerl9B4
Micro Messages
Moving down the
line a little further
/ READ with interest the letter
in the October 1 984 edition of
the Electron User concerning
moving the Electron screen
down one line fp 62 "Moving
down the fine “I. f would tike to
expend upon the ideas of MrK.
Sharkey in the following way.
f notice that a VDU 7 f (Ctrl
K) will in feet only move the
screen down one line if the tex f
cursor is positioned some-
where on the top fine of the
screen.
To overcome this I would
suggest that a VDU 30 (Ctrl -I
Should be used immediate/?
before the VDU 7 7. This has
the effect of homing the text
cursor to the top left hand
comer of the screen „ therefore
ensuring that the foil owing
VDU 7 7 command has the
desired effect.
Having carried out this
operation you do however
leave the text cursor at the top
of the screen, which means
that any subsequent text will
be printed at thet position.
To rectify this the following
statement could be used:
A-POS:B=VPQS-1:
VDU30,H:F.TA0<A,B)
The variables PQS and
VPQS contain the X, V
coordinates of the text cursor's
present screen position.
Having ' remembered" your
current screen position you
can then use the VDU 30. 7 1
command to move the screen
display down one tine. Having
moved the image down the
screen it is then possible., with
the P.TAB(AM) command, to
return to your original position.
As you can see , you do in
fact return to the same point
on the X axis but one line up on
the Y axis B=VPOS-r.
This is to enable you to
return to the "physical" point
that you left, rather than the
point in the text.
This is really only necessary
if your original position was on
the bottom line of the screen.
To return to that position in the
text you would need to move
to a position off the bottom of
the Screen,
I would suggest that users
incorporate these commands
into a procedure and than calf
the procedure when they wish
to display a complete picture
pn the screen.
I hope that this additional
information will be of value to
your readers. The credit goes
to K. Sharkey whose initial
idea was tha catalyst to the
above line of thought. -
Martin Grantham, AcOrn
Cu stumer Services Dept.
• As over, Acorn Customer
Services Department
produces the goods. Any more
hints for us, Martin?
Short cut
IF you 0 wn Mr Wii from
Superior Software and iust
can 't get onto the next screen
then try pressing Caps lock,
Q.7, alt at the same time. You
should start at the beginning
of the next Screen. - Richard
H. Fairh rot her, Stapleford r
Notts.
• Many thanks for (he tip -
but il sounds suspiciously like
cheating.
Bug in
solitaire
HAVING typed in ami tun your
Solitaire program fin the July
7884 issue } / find there is a
Small bug.
Ifyou wish to move a disc in
coordinate position (3,7 1 up
you are able to do jo. Of
course you would normally not
wish to make this move, but if
you do accidentally you will
ruin the game.
There is an easy remedy -
by Inserting GCQL 0,0 in to
fine 200 and removing GCQL
0.0 from fine 270.
This changes the X and Y
labels to black so that the X
label is not detected as a disc
and SO the move cannot be
made. - Robert D. S netting,
Maslingfield, Cambridge,
• Weil spotted Robert. And
many thanks for the remedy.
It's always nice to hear from
peopfe whc~ve probed into the
workings of the games as well
as playing (hem.
View into
the ROM
Here's a short program for
those of you interested in
finding out what lies in the
Output area of your ROM.
You'd probably bo amazed, f
was.
Enter the Bask program,
making sure that nothing
occupies the output area /Plus
1 or other add-on / then run the
program.
11 FDR N-bFCII TO IFF80
21 IF ?#>31 AND ?W< 1 27 T
HEN PRINT CHRf 4?K) i
31 NEXT
41 END
White I was playing around
PEEKing into the RQM area I
found some interesting words
not fisted in the manual, such
as BOOT,
Atto h the error message
area I found "No Not Bad". Is
this a compliment ? - E.T.
(nothing to do with the
film) Jones, Hillingdon,
Middlesex.
* Fascinating stuff Mr Jones
The BOOT command is for the
disc filing system, but the error
message is a mystery. Wo
cfnubi that St s a compliment?
Station now
closing down
REGARDING N. Wright's
letter in Micro Messages
about broadcasting Electrons,
you said that you couldn't get
yours to broadcast on your
radio.
We if f have a very
mysterious situation at my
house. Both my sister and! got
the same music centre for
Christmas and my sister keeps
on complaining about my
Electron r $ sound effects on her
radio in her room.
Yet mine is right next to my
Electron and there's no inter-
ference at all. So we swopped
machines - and it was still the
same. Hers in her room
suffered interference and mine
in my rOom didn't. So this
might mean distance from the
Electron has something to do
with it. - Miles Touefiafd,
Maidenhead, Berkshire.
• We had a feeling of
►
WHA T would yo u fika to
$de in future issues of
Electron User?
What tips have you
picked up that could
help other readers?
Now's hare is your
opportunity to share
your experiences.
Ramamber that these
are the pages that you
write yourselves. So
tear yourself away from
your Electron keyboard
end drop u& a fine.
The address is:
Micro Messages
Electron User
Europe House
$8 Chester Road
Hazel Grove
Stockport
SK 7 SNY,
1094 ELECTRON USER 61
Micro Messages
From Page 61
(ore boding when we Said last
month that this correspon-
dence was closed, Since then
wa ve had Jots of letters
pointing out the distance
effect, so we are publishing
this FJNAl letter.
Olympic
records
I'D like make $ complaint
about Micro Olympics,
After receiving a cop y, I was
most angry at the way tha
player runs in the running
events; the action Of pressing
down two keys as fast as
possible was causing vibra-
tions which were fail through-
out the house,
On account of this, and tha
fact that my parents weren't
going to pay for another
keyboard, f was banned from
playing this otherwise very
good game.
Thus f wish I'd never had
the fuck to gat a copy.
Meanwhile on a less
serious note, here are my
records on the day before I
was banned;
100m
$. 07 sacs
200m
18.93 secs
40Qm
42.41 secs
800m
1.47.68 sacs
1500m
3:54.58 secs
Javelin
99.99m
Discus
77.7 Im
Hammer
84.78m
Long jump
8.98m
High jump
2.40m
Pole vault
5.60 m
— C-J- Underhill, Whlttoiij,
Twickenham,
• Don't your fingers get very
sore?
— and more
/ THINK f Ve sef the standards
for aft yari aihfaias out there
with my records on Micro
Olympics;
1 00m 8.92 secs
200m i 7,33 secs
Long jump 9.01m
High jump 2.39m
Javelin 1 00.93m
Discus 70.85m
— A. Ennis, Herne Hilf r
London,
• Congratulations on your
micro-athleticism 1 Wo have
little doubt that Others will be
claiming better records.
Claim
to fame
USING the command;
?8tFE45 = 7,1 have been able
to sbw down the SBC Micro,
Is there any way of doing this
on the Electron 7
May I say that so far
Electron User has been unfauft-
abte. However, maybe i could
suggest a couple more
features which even The Micro
User hasn 'f got.
□ A Had of Fame, where
readers could boast their high
scores. Here are some of my
own;
Cybertron 4 1 630
Chuckle Egg 365790
Positron 4 7 960
Snapper 23465
Croaker 74260
Cylon Attack 31970
Maybe a Micro Olympics
table could be included,
□ An adventure solver page,
where tips on how to solve
popular adventures could be
printed. I have solved two,
Stranded \ and Arrow of Death
(pt. V. Meybe Twin Kingdom
Valley and Castle Frankenstein
could be the first ? David
Thompson, Sale, Chfl&hirfl.
• If there is a POKE to slow
down the Electron, we don't
Diagonal
fVS written a short program
demonstrating a diagonal
scrolling technique. The string
variable AS will take a
message of any length but the
space at the end Is necessary.
- IVLJ. Ranee, Broad-stairs,
Kent,
• Thanks for the first diagonal
ser'cller we"ve received. Our
original scrolling program
seems to have struck a chord
wit h E fectron User reads rs a nd
we've had ail sorts of similar
piegrams-
VVhat a lot of little scrollers
you are.
know about it. What we want
to know is why you want to
slow it down in the first place 1
The Hall of Fame Idea is
nice, but how do we know that
the scores are genuine? As for
Micro Olympics, your wish is
our command.
Finally we're trying to per-
suade Merlin to do a regular
column, but every time we call
round on him we're toicf that
he's gone out for a spell,
Oh
Brother
/ RECENTLY bought a Brother
HR 5 printer on the underslan-
ding that it was compatible
with the Electron.
However 1 am having great
trouble producing graphics, as
everything seems to be for the
Epsom printers.
I understand a screen dump
routine Is required, but cannot
find one for Brother to
Electron. Can you help? - Sen
Still, Bushey Heath, Herts.
* We haven't come across a
screen dump routine for the
Brother HR 5. Could any of our
readers help?
Exploring
the OS
AFTER having endured Bask
and eventually got round to
learning machine code f am
now ready to risk exploring the
operating system. Could you
recommend a book? - Ian
Woodruff, Garstang,
Lancs.
• There are two books we
can recommend, The first is
the Basic ROM User Guide by
Mark Plumbley, published by
Adder. This eh pie ins in depth
How the Electron's Basic
works.
The second is Acorn soft's
Electron User Quids, by Mark
Holmes and Adrian Dickens.
This covers both the software
and hardware aspects of the
Electron.
Trill to
victory
IN answer to Chris Jones'
enquiry (Electron User
November 7984/ concerning
the Micro Olympics, I am a
music teacher and as a pianist
I find no difficult:- : n beating
the contestants ( and world
records?},
I just play the “left foot -
right foot “keys as if they were
a trill on r he piano. I think
readers might well discover
that most pianists will equally
be world champions! - David
Forshaw, St. Helens,
Lancs.
• So playing the piano helps
you excel at Micro Olympics,
does It? Is the raverse true?
Does Micro Olympics help you
with your piano playing?
scrolling demonstration
II RE* DIAGONAL SCROLL
29 SEN MICHAEL RANGE
31 NODE A
41 m 23,L,liM|t;
SI AM*»tt£LECT£QN USER*
ttllAGOHAL SCROLL IV nJM
MCE 1
Al REPEAT
71 PflOCtcroU
91 UNTIL FALSE
91 END
Eli DEF PRO [scroll
HI REN FILL FIRST DIASDNAL
121 FOR 1*1 TO 14
131 M
149 REPEATi W+l
15B PRINT TAB (25-1 tY, 19-1
Ul UNTIL Mi NEXT
m REN SCROLL REST OF liE
S3 AGE
1 Bfl FOR *-2fLENM TO 1 ST
EP-L
190 FOR Y-l TO 15
200 IF ZtLEHAf-i+VHEHAI
b*LEHAI-itY ELSE b>2*LENAi-
i+Y
211 PRINT TABtJI*Y*4+rmt
229 NEIT.iENDFRQC
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Highly recommended, and destined to become another
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